A variable pitch control mechanism for a wind turbine model

Abstract

The application discloses a variable-pitch control mechanism of a wind turbine model and relates to the technical field of wind power, characterized in that the variable-pitch control mechanism comprises an electric push rod, a variable-pitch transmission mechanism, a variable-pitch execution mechanism and a model cabin, the electric push rod is connected with the variable-pitch execution mechanism through the variable-pitch transmission mechanism, the variable-pitch execution mechanism is connected with blades of the wind turbine model, and the variable-pitch transmission mechanism converts linear motion of the electric push rod into curve motion of the variable-pitch execution mechanism. The mechanical linkage structure is adopted to realize independent variable-pitch of three blades of the wind turbine model, the structure is simple, the number of components is small, the weight is light, the weight similarity between the model and the actual object is ensured, a certain margin is reserved to adjust the overall mass, an experimental basis is provided for application of the floating wind turbine, and the variable-pitch control mechanism is particularly important for verification and optimization of a numerical calculation method and evaluation and improvement of a new type of design of the floating wind turbine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind power technology, and in particular to a pitch control mechanism for a wind turbine model. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing depletion of fossil fuels and the continuous growth of energy demand, countries around the world are turning to new energy sources. Wind energy, as a new energy industry, boasts numerous advantages such as safety, environmental friendliness, and high efficiency, attracting increasing attention from various countries. Compared to onshore wind power, offshore floating wind power offers advantages such as smaller land occupation, higher wind speeds, lower turbulence intensity, larger power generation, and lower noise and visual impact. However, it also presents challenges related to blade aerodynamic performance, platform hydrodynamic performance, and high-order coupled dynamics of rigid-flexible multibody systems that urgently need to be addressed. Therefore, preliminary floating wind turbine tank model tests are crucial for verifying and optimizing numerical calculation methods and evaluating and improving novel floating wind turbine designs.

[0003] To improve the performance of wind turbines, modern large wind turbines are generally equipped with pitch control systems, which play a crucial role in increasing output power and reducing structural load. For floating wind turbines, pitch control systems often improve the stability of the floating body, thereby increasing the safety margin of the entire system. In recent years, many scholars have studied pitch control technology for floating wind turbines and proposed many control strategies. However, most current research remains at the level of theoretical analysis and numerical calculation, with relatively few effective experimental verifications. Furthermore, in tank tests, the scaled-down wind turbine blades and towers are relatively lightweight, so the weight of the pitch control mechanism cannot be ignored, and currently there are no tank model tests of floating wind turbines with independent pitch control functions.

[0004] Therefore, those skilled in the art are dedicated to developing a pitch control mechanism for wind turbine models, which can improve wind turbine model testing technology and lay the foundation for future optimized design of wind turbines. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to design a wind turbine model that uses a mechanical linkage structure to realize independent pitch control.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a pitch control mechanism for a wind turbine model, characterized in that it includes an electric push rod, a pitch transmission mechanism, a pitch actuator, and a model nacelle, wherein the electric push rod is connected to the pitch actuator via the pitch transmission mechanism, the pitch actuator is connected to the blades of the wind turbine model, and the model nacelle houses the electric push rod, the pitch transmission mechanism, and the pitch actuator, wherein the pitch transmission mechanism converts the linear motion of the electric push rod into the curvilinear motion of the pitch actuator.

[0007] Furthermore, the pitch transmission mechanism includes a pitch drive disk, a pitch driven disk, and a pitch push rod. The electric push rod is bolted to the pitch drive disk, the pitch push rod is bolted to the pitch driven disk, the pitch drive disk and the pitch driven disk are connected by bearings, and the two surfaces of the pitch driven disk and the pitch drive disk are in close contact.

[0008] Furthermore, the pitch drive disk and the pitch driven disk have coaxial through holes, and the pitch transmission mechanism also includes a wind turbine main shaft. The pitch drive disk and the pitch driven disk are clearance-fitted with the wind turbine main shaft through the coaxial through holes.

[0009] Furthermore, the number of electric push rods is three, and the three electric push rods are evenly distributed in space at a 120° phase angle on the pitch drive disk.

[0010] Furthermore, there are three pitch push rods, which are evenly distributed in space at a 120° phase angle on the pitch driven disk. The pitch push rods are connected to the pitch driven disk by ball head bolts on the pitch driven disk.

[0011] Furthermore, the pitch drive disc is connected to the connecting ring at the top of the electric push rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the pitch control mechanism includes a blade root disk, a blade root disk pitch control arm, and a blade root shaft. The blade root shaft is connected to the blade root disk via a bearing. The blade root disk is connected to the pitch control push rod via the blade root disk pitch control arm. The blades are connected to the blade root disk via bolts.

[0013] Furthermore, the blade root disk pitch rocker arm is connected to the pitch push rod via ball head bolts, and the blade root disk pitch rocker arm is vertically connected to the blade root disk via bolts.

[0014] Furthermore, the variable pitch actuator also includes a hollow hub connected to the wind turbine main shaft. The number of blade root shafts, blade root disks, blade root disk pitch control arms, and blades are all three. The three blade root shafts are evenly distributed on the hollow hub at a 120° phase.

[0015] Furthermore, the model nacelle includes a nacelle body, an electric push rod support frame, and an electric push rod fixing frame. The nacelle body is connected to the electric push rod support frame and the electric push rod fixing frame by bolts. The wind turbine main shaft is fixed to the nacelle body by gears. The electric push rod support frame is fixed to the middle of the electric push rod. The electric push rod fixing frame is connected to the end of the electric push rod by bolts.

[0016] Existing floating wind turbine pitch control mainly focuses on theoretical analysis and numerical calculation, with few tank model experiments featuring independent pitch control. This invention, based on mechanical design principles, uses a mechanical linkage structure to achieve independent pitch control for the three blades of a wind turbine model, providing an experimental basis for the application of floating wind turbines. It is particularly important for the verification and optimization of numerical calculation methods, as well as the evaluation and improvement of novel floating wind turbine designs.

[0017] In floating wind turbine model tests, the limited space in the nacelle is a common problem, making it difficult to achieve variable pitch while ensuring the model's dimensions, weight, and center of gravity meet requirements. This invention employs a mechanical structure, which is simple, has few components, and is lightweight, ensuring the model's weight is similar to the actual turbine. It also allows for adjustments to the overall mass to achieve a similar overall weight for the wind turbine model, thus ensuring experimental accuracy.

[0018] The following will further explain the concept, specific structure, and technical effects of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, features, and effects of the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a pitch control mechanism for a wind turbine model according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electric push rod structure of the pitch control mechanism of a wind turbine model according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pitch control mechanism of a wind turbine model according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the blade root disk structure of a pitch control mechanism for a wind turbine model according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pitch control mechanism of a wind turbine model according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the nacelle structure of a variable pitch control mechanism for a wind turbine model according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Among them, 1-electric push rod, 2-pitch transmission mechanism, 21-pitch drive disc, 22-pitch driven disc, 23-pitch push rod, 24-wind turbine main shaft, 3-pitch actuator, 31-blade root disc, 32-blade root disc pitch rocker arm, 33-blade root shaft, 34-hollow hub, 4-model nacelle, 41-nacelle main body, 42-electric push rod support frame, 43-electric push rod fixing frame. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings to make the technical content clearer and easier to understand. The present invention can be embodied in many different forms, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments mentioned herein.

[0027] In the accompanying drawings, components with the same structure are indicated by the same numerical designation, and components with similar structures or functions are indicated by similar numerical designations. The dimensions and thicknesses of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrary, and the present invention does not limit the dimensions and thicknesses of each component. To make the illustrations clearer, the thickness of some components has been appropriately exaggerated in the drawings.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, a pitch control mechanism for a wind turbine model includes: an electric push rod 1, a pitch transmission mechanism 2, a pitch actuator 3, and a model nacelle 4 for the model wind turbine.

[0029] The power unit for the pitch control mechanism is an electric push rod 1. Three electric push rods 1 are evenly distributed in a 120° phase ratio on the pitch drive disk 21. The three electric push rods 1 are generally rectangular in shape, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, each electric push rod 1 is equipped with a connecting ring at its top, which is connected to the pitch drive disk 21. A signal transmission device is connected to the rear end of the electric push rod 1. In order to reduce the weight and size of the nacelle, the electric push rod 1 should be a compact and lightweight product while meeting the push rod stroke requirements as much as possible.

[0030] The pitch control mechanism 2 mainly includes: a pitch drive disc 21, a pitch driven disc 22, a pitch push rod 23, and a turbine main shaft 24. The pitch drive disc 21 and the pitch driven disc 22 together constitute the pitch push disc. The pitch drive disc 21 is connected to the connecting ring at the head of the electric push rod 1, and the electric push rod 1 provides the thrust. The pitch drive disc 21 has a clearance fit with the turbine main shaft 24, allowing it to slide relative to the turbine main shaft 24, but it does not rotate with the turbine main shaft 24. Figure 3 As shown, the pitch driven disk 22 and the pitch driven disk 21 are in close contact on both sides and are connected by bearings. They have the same posture and can rotate circumferentially. The pitch driven disk 22 can slide relative to the wind turbine main shaft 24 and rotate together. By commanding the three electric push rods 1 to travel different strokes, the three blades of the wind turbine can change different pitch angles. At this time, the pitch driven disk 21 and the pitch driven disk 22 have the same tilt angle relative to the wind turbine main shaft 24. The three pitch push rods 23 are evenly distributed in space at 120° along the pitch driven disk 22 and are connected to the ball head bolts inside the pitch driven disk 22. At the same time, the other end of the pitch push rod 23 is connected to the blade root disk pitch rocker arm 32 through the ball head bolts. The model nacelle 4 consists of a nacelle body 41, an electric push rod support frame 42, and an electric push rod fixing frame 43. The nacelle body 41 is connected to the electric push rod support frame 42 and the electric push rod fixing frame 43 by bolts. The bottom of the nacelle body 41 is connected to the tower of the wind turbine model by bolts. The wind turbine main shaft 24, as an important component for transmitting the power of the system, is fixed to the nacelle body 41 by gears. The front end of the wind turbine main shaft 24 is fixed to the hollow hub 34 by threaded holes. The wind turbine main shaft 24 is driven by a motor to rotate, which in turn drives the wind turbine composed of the blade root disk 31, the blade root shaft 33, the hollow hub 34, and the wind turbine blades to rotate.

[0031] like Figure 5 As shown, the pitch actuator 3 mainly includes: a blade root disk 31, a blade root disk pitch rocker arm 32, a blade root shaft 33, and a hollow hub 34. Figure 4 As shown, the blade root disk pitch control arm 32 is bolted to the blade root disk 31 and maintains a strict perpendicular relationship, converting the linear motion of the pitch pusher 23 into a corresponding curvilinear motion, driving the rotation of the blade root disk 31. The blade root shaft 33 is connected to the blade root disk 31 via bearings. The hollow hub 34 serves as a component connecting the wind turbine main shaft 24 and the blade root disk 31, converting the rotation of the wind turbine main shaft 24 into the rotation of the entire wind turbine. The blades are bolted to the blade root disk 31, and the rotation of the blade root disk 31 will cause changes in the blade pitch angle. When the pitch control drive disk 21 tilts, the pitch pusher 23 will perform periodic back-and-forth movements with the rotation of the wind turbine, resulting in periodic changes in the blade pitch angle.

[0032] Based on the relative positions of the wind turbine hub and the front face of the model nacelle 4, the range of motion of the pitch pusher and the stroke range of the electric pusher 1 are determined. A specific stroke of the electric pusher 1 is selected as 0° pitch angle, at which point the three electric pushers 1 maintain consistent strokes. Then, the lengths of the pitch pusher 23, the blade root disk pitch rocker arm 32, and several other parameters are determined. A spatial linkage mechanism is abstracted from the model, and the functional relationship between the stroke x of the electric pusher 1 and the pitch angle θ is solved: θ = f(x). By sending commands to the computer to make the three electric pushers 1 travel different strokes, independent pitch control of the three blades of the wind turbine model can be achieved.

[0033] like Figure 6 As shown, the model nacelle 4 serves as the support for the electric pushrod 1, the pitch control mechanism 2, and the pitch actuator 3. The pitch control mechanism 2 is securely connected to it via bolts. The nacelle body 41 is made of aluminum alloy, which is high in strength, lightweight, and possesses good mechanical properties. Weight-reducing holes are appropriately added to the nacelle body 41 to minimize the weight impact from the pitch control mechanism. The electric pushrod support frame 42 is used to fix the middle part of the electric pushrod, and the electric pushrod fixing frame 43 is bolted to the end of the electric pushrod 1.

[0034] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concept of the present invention without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A pitch control mechanism for a wind turbine model, characterized in that, The system includes an electric pushrod, a pitch control mechanism, a pitch actuator, and a model nacelle. The electric pushrod is connected to the pitch actuator via the pitch control mechanism. The pitch actuator is connected to the blades of the wind turbine model. The model nacelle houses the electric pushrod, the pitch control mechanism, and the pitch actuator. The pitch control mechanism converts the linear motion of the electric pushrod into the curvilinear motion of the pitch actuator. The pitch control mechanism includes a pitch drive plate, a pitch driven plate, and a pitch pushrod. The electric pushrod is bolted to the pitch drive plate, and the pitch pushrod is connected to the pitch driven plate via... The pitch control drive disk and the pitch driven disk are connected by bolts and are connected by bearings. The two surfaces of the pitch driven disk and the pitch control drive disk are in close contact. The pitch control drive disk and the pitch driven disk have coaxial through holes. The pitch transmission mechanism also includes a wind turbine main shaft. The pitch control drive disk and the pitch driven disk are clearance-fitted with the wind turbine main shaft through the coaxial through holes. The pitch actuator includes a blade root disk, a blade root disk pitch rocker arm, and a blade root shaft. The blade root shaft is connected to the blade root disk by bearings. The blade root disk is connected to the pitch push rod through the blade root disk pitch rocker arm. The blades are connected to the blade root disk by bolts.

2. The variable pitch control mechanism for a wind turbine model as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The number of electric push rods is three, and the three electric push rods are evenly distributed in space at a 120° phase angle on the pitch drive disk.

3. The pitch control mechanism for a wind turbine model as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pitch pusher consists of three pushers, which are evenly distributed in a 120° phase on the pitch driven disk. The pitch pushers are connected to the pitch driven disk via ball head bolts on the pitch driven disk.

4. The pitch control mechanism for a wind turbine model as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pitch drive disc is connected to the connecting ring at the top of the electric push rod.

5. The pitch control mechanism for a wind turbine model as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The blade root disk pitch rocker arm is connected to the pitch push rod by ball head bolts, and the blade root disk pitch rocker arm is vertically connected to the blade root disk by bolts.

6. The pitch control mechanism for a wind turbine model as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The pitch control mechanism also includes a hollow hub connected to the wind turbine main shaft. The number of blade root shafts, blade root disks, blade root disk pitch control arms, and blades are all three. The three blade root shafts are evenly distributed on the hollow hub at a 120° phase.

7. The pitch control mechanism for a wind turbine model as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The model nacelle includes a nacelle body, an electric push rod support frame, and an electric push rod fixing frame. The nacelle body is connected to the electric push rod support frame and the electric push rod fixing frame by bolts. The wind turbine main shaft is fixed to the nacelle body by gears. The electric push rod support frame is fixed to the middle of the electric push rod. The electric push rod fixing frame is connected to the end of the electric push rod by bolts.

Images