Rotary kiln and its feeding structure

Abstract

The application discloses a rotary kiln and a feeding structure thereof, and the feeding structure comprises multiple barrel-shaped chalices which are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside; the internal cavities of the barrel-shaped chalices located at the innermost side and the radial gaps between adjacent barrel-shaped chalices respectively constitute feeding channels, the multiple feeding channels are sequentially communicated, and the conveying directions of adjacent feeding channels are opposite. It can be seen that, in the rotary kiln and the feeding structure thereof, the multiple barrel-shaped chalices constitute return conveying channels, so that the conveying path can be lengthened, the equipment floor area can be reduced, and the heat utilization rate can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of materials processing technology, and in particular to a rotary kiln feeding structure and a rotary kiln equipped with the feeding structure. Background Technology

[0002] Rotary kilns are a common type of raw material sintering equipment used in the raw material processing industry. In traditional rotary kilns, the cylinder is used for conveying and heating materials. The cylinder length increases with production output, but the space utilization rate inside the cylinder is relatively low, and heat loss is high. During production, heating or drying time is generally adjusted by changing the cylinder's inclination angle and rotation speed. Furthermore, the cylinder is divided into three zones along the axial direction: preheating, heating, and cooling, resulting in low thermal efficiency.

[0003] Therefore, how to increase the output of rotary kilns while reducing the equipment footprint and improving heat utilization is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rotary kiln and its feeding structure, which can reduce the equipment footprint and improve heat utilization.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A rotary kiln feeding structure includes N cylindrical liner boxes arranged sequentially from the inside out, where N≥2; The innermost cylindrical bladder's internal cavity and the radial gap between adjacent cylindrical bladders respectively constitute feeding channels. Multiple feeding channels are connected in sequence, and the conveying directions of adjacent feeding channels are opposite.

[0006] Optionally, in the above-mentioned rotary kiln feeding structure, each cylindrical liner is provided with multiple pseudo-rotating plates on its inner wall; When the cylindrical inner tube rotates around its own axis, the pseudo-rotating plate can drive the material in the feeding channel where it is located to be conveyed in a preset direction.

[0007] Optionally, in the above-mentioned rotary kiln feeding structure, in each of the cylindrical liner, multiple pseudo-spinning plates are arranged sequentially along a preset spiral trajectory. The pitch of the preset spiral trajectory is a fixed pitch, or the pitch of the preset spiral trajectory is set to different pitches according to the preset feeding speed of the material at different positions in the feeding channel.

[0008] Optionally, in the above-mentioned rotary kiln feeding structure, the innermost cylindrical liner is the first cylindrical liner, and the preset spiral trajectory of the plurality of pseudo-rotating plates inside the first cylindrical liner is the first spiral trajectory. The cylindrical bladder adjacent to the first cylindrical bladder is the second cylindrical bladder, and the preset spiral trajectory of the plurality of pseudo-rotating plates within the second cylindrical bladder is the second spiral trajectory; The pitch of the first helical trajectory, either partially or entirely, is in a predetermined ratio to the pitch of the second helical trajectory radially outward from it.

[0009] Optionally, in the above-described rotary kiln feeding structure, the pseudo-rotary plate is a straight plate structure that is inclined relative to the central axis of the cylindrical bladder.

[0010] Optionally, the rotary kiln feeding structure described above also includes an intermediate connecting member, through which adjacent cylindrical chambers are fixedly connected.

[0011] Optionally, in the above-described rotary kiln feeding structure, the intermediate connecting member includes an elastic element capable of compensating for changes in the radial distance between adjacent cylindrical chambers.

[0012] Optionally, the rotary kiln feeding structure described above also includes a rotary support member, which is located between adjacent cylindrical bladders and is rotatably connected to at least one of the adjacent cylindrical bladders.

[0013] A rotary kiln is provided with the rotary kiln feeding structure described above.

[0014] Optionally, the rotary kiln described above also includes: A feeding mechanism for conveying materials into the innermost feeding channel; The discharge mechanism is used to receive the material output from the outermost feeding channel.

[0015] Optionally, the rotary kiln described above also includes an end connection mechanism; The end connection mechanism is sealed to the feed end of the innermost cylindrical bladder and is provided with an air intake mechanism. The air intake mechanism is connected to the innermost feeding channel and is used to deliver process atmosphere into the feeding channel. The end connection mechanism is sealed to the discharge end of the outermost cylindrical bladder and is provided with an air outlet mechanism. The air outlet mechanism is connected to the outermost feeding channel and is used to output the process atmosphere. Optionally, in the rotary kiln described above, the end connection mechanism includes a main body and an air inlet mechanism and an air outlet mechanism disposed on the main body; the main body includes an end plate portion, and a first cylindrical connecting portion and a second cylindrical connecting portion located on the side of the end plate portion near the cylindrical liner, the first cylindrical connecting portion being coaxially sleeved within the second cylindrical connecting portion, the first cylindrical connecting portion being sealed to the feed end of the innermost cylindrical liner, and the second cylindrical connecting portion being sealed to the discharge end of the outermost cylindrical liner; the air inlet mechanism is installed on the side of the end plate portion away from the cylindrical liner, and passes through the end plate portion to communicate with the innermost feeding channel; the air outlet mechanism is installed outside the second cylindrical connecting portion, and passes through the side wall of the second cylindrical connecting portion to communicate with the outermost feeding channel; the entire module of the end connection mechanism is a detachable assembly component, and is connected to a fixed flange on the outer side of the outermost cylindrical liner.

[0016] Optionally, the rotary kiln described above also includes: A heat-insulating device is placed over the outermost cylindrical liner. A heating device is disposed between the outermost cylindrical liner and the insulation device.

[0017] Optionally, the rotary kiln described above also includes a cooling device; The cooling device is located outside the outermost cylindrical bladder and close to the discharge end of the outermost cylindrical bladder, and is used to cool the material output from the discharge end of the outermost cylindrical bladder.

[0018] Optionally, the rotary kiln described above also includes an opening and closing control mechanism; The heat preservation device is composed of multiple heat preservation units, and the opening and closing control mechanism is used to control at least some of the heat preservation units to move away from the rotary kiln feeding structure.

[0019] Optionally, in the rotary kiln described above, the insulation unit includes a first insulation unit located above the rotary kiln feeding structure and a second insulation unit located below the rotary kiln feeding structure. The opening and closing control mechanism is used to control the first heat preservation unit to move to the target position, which is any position other than above the rotary kiln feeding structure.

[0020] Optionally, the rotary kiln also includes a support mechanism located below the rotary kiln feeding structure and equipped with a height-adjustable follow-up support surface.

[0021] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the rotary kiln and its feeding structure provided by the present invention adopt a multi-layer cylindrical shell structure to form a return-type multi-layer feeding channel. Therefore, compared with the single-cylinder rotary kiln in the prior art, the rotary kiln and its feeding structure provided by the present invention can effectively reduce the equipment length, reduce the floor space, and improve the equipment space utilization rate under the same operating conditions through the return-type feeding path. Moreover, the feeding channel / cylindrical shell located on the outer layer has a certain heat preservation effect on the feeding channel / cylindrical shell located on the inner layer, which is conducive to improving the heat utilization rate. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-layer structure of the rotary kiln feeding structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a front view of the rotary kiln feeding structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a side view of the rotary kiln feeding structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the rotary kiln feeding structure.

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of the circular region in the image.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a front view of a rotary kiln provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of the rotary kiln.

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified view of a local area where the support structure is located.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a top view of a rotary kiln provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a side view of a rotary kiln provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] in: 1- Tilting frame, 2- Cylindrical inner tank, 3- Heating and insulation module, 4-Support ring, 5-Discharge mechanism, 6-Support mechanism 7-Cooling device, 8-Feeding mechanism, 9-Power mechanism, 10-Opening and closing control mechanism, 11-First striking mechanism, 12-End connecting mechanism 20-Feeding channel, 21-First cylindrical shell, 22-Second cylindrical shell, 23-First pseudo-rotating plate, 24-Second pseudo-rotating plate, 25-Nut, 26-Screw, 27-Inner liner sealing ring, 28-Outer liner sealing ring, 29-Second striking mechanism 71-Water pipe, 72-Cooling casing, 91-Mounting plate, 121 - Intake mechanism, 122 - Exhaust mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0034] This invention provides a rotary kiln and its feeding structure. The multi-layered kiln structure can lengthen the material conveying path while reducing the equipment footprint and improving heat utilization.

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Please see Figure 1 The rotary kiln feeding structure provided in this embodiment of the invention includes multiple cylindrical liner 2 nested sequentially from the inside out. In specific implementations, the number of cylindrical liner 2 is at least two. That is, if the number of cylindrical liner 2 is N, then N≥2. Generally, N is an integer not less than 2, but it is not limited to this. In some embodiments, the length of the outer cylindrical liner 2 can be set to be shorter than the length of its inner cylindrical liner 2 according to actual needs (e.g., discharge position, total length of the feeding path, installation method, etc.). Figure 1 As shown in the figure, N is any number not less than 2.

[0037] Specifically, the internal cavity of the innermost cylindrical liner 2 and the radial gap between adjacent cylindrical liner 2 constitute feeding channels 20. Multiple feeding channels 20 are connected sequentially, and the conveying directions of adjacent feeding channels 20 are opposite, thus forming a reciprocating multi-layer feeding channel. See details... Figure 1The material conveying path is indicated by the bold dashed arrow in the image.

[0038] Because this feeding structure employs a multi-layered liner structure, forming a reciprocating feeding channel, compared to the single-cylinder rotary kiln in the prior art, the feeding structure provided by this invention can form a reciprocating feeding path through the reciprocating feeding channel under the same operating conditions. This effectively reduces equipment length, floor space, and improves equipment space utilization while extending the total length of the material conveying path. Furthermore, the outer feeding channel 20 / liner 2 provides a certain degree of insulation for the inner feeding channel 20 / liner 2, thereby improving heat utilization.

[0039] Furthermore, each cylindrical inner wall 2 is provided with multiple pseudo-rotating plates. When the cylindrical inner wall 2 rotates around its own axis, the pseudo-rotating plates can drive the material in the feeding channel 20 where it is located to be conveyed in a preset direction.

[0040] Specifically, within each cylindrical inner tube 2, multiple pseudo-rotating plates are arranged sequentially along a preset spiral trajectory. The pitch of this preset spiral trajectory is a fixed pitch, or the pitch can be set to different pitches according to the preset feeding speed of the material at different positions within the feeding channel 20. For example: Depending on the material characteristics, or in order to achieve a suitable processing effect, the pitch of the preset spiral trajectory in at least one cylindrical bladder 2 gradually increases / decreases along the material conveying direction; Alternatively, based on the material characteristics or to achieve a suitable processing effect, the pitch of the preset spiral trajectory within at least one cylindrical inner tube 2 is divided into different sections along the material conveying direction. The pitch within the same section is equal, while the pitch within different sections increases / decreases in a step-like manner along the material conveying direction.

[0041] Specifically, the pseudo-rotating plates in the feeding structure are straight plate structures that are inclined relative to the central axis of the cylindrical bladder 2.

[0042] In practice, the multi-layered cylindrical liner 2 in the feeding structure are fixedly connected together and driven by the same power mechanism to rotate synchronously. At this time, adjacent cylindrical liner 2 are fixedly connected by intermediate connectors to ensure the overall stability of the feeding structure and facilitate assembly, disassembly and maintenance.

[0043] Specifically, the intermediate connector includes a screw, one end of which is connected to the inner cylindrical liner 2, and the other end of which is connected to the outer cylindrical liner 2.

[0044] Preferably, each annular feeding channel has multiple screws arranged circumferentially or axially to ensure the connection strength between adjacent cylindrical liner 2 and to maintain the spatial shape of the feeding channel. For example, multiple screws are arranged sequentially according to a helical trajectory to avoid stress concentration.

[0045] Preferably, the intermediate connector includes a screw and a nut, meaning that adjacent cylindrical liner 2 are fixedly connected by a screw and nut structure. During assembly: first, the nut is installed on the inner cylindrical liner's wall and then welded to it; then, the inner and outer cylindrical liner layers are assembled together using the screw, with one end of the screw connected to the nut and the other end connected to the outer cylindrical liner; finally, the screw is welded to the outer cylindrical liner. Thus, the nut and inner cylindrical liner, as well as the screw and outer cylindrical liner, are connected by assembly followed by welding, ultimately achieving the assembly connection between adjacent cylindrical liner layers 2 through the screw and nut. This connection method facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the cylindrical liner 2, making maintenance convenient and facilitating the replacement and recycling of components.

[0046] However, this is not the only option. In other specific embodiments, other methods can also be used to connect adjacent cylindrical liner 2. For example, assembly can be performed using only a nut and screw structure without welding; or intermediate connectors of other structural forms, such as rod-shaped structures, plate-shaped structures, or brackets, can be installed between two adjacent cylindrical liner layers, with the two adjacent cylindrical liner layers 2 respectively welded / threaded / plugged / clamped to the intermediate connector.

[0047] Furthermore, the intermediate connector also includes an elastic element (such as a spring), forming a length-adjustable connection assembly. Thus, during the operation of the rotary kiln, when the cylindrical liner 2 deforms due to high temperature, the elastic element can compensate for the change in radial distance between adjacent cylindrical liner 2.

[0048] Furthermore, in other specific embodiments, the multiple cylindrical tanks 2 can be connected to independent drive mechanisms, allowing each cylindrical tank 2 to rotate / stop independently. In this case, a rotary support is provided between adjacent cylindrical tanks 2. This rotary support is located between adjacent cylindrical tanks 2 and is rotatably connected to at least one of the adjacent cylindrical tanks 2. Thus, when any cylindrical tank 2 rotates, its adjacent inner / outer cylindrical tanks can rotate at the same speed, rotate at different speeds, or even remain stationary. This allows for independent control of the material within each layer of the feeding channel 20, and enables the material at specific locations to be accelerated / decelerated / stopped by accelerating / decelerating / stopping the material conveying, adaptively adjusting its heating time / mixing effect, and helping to avoid / solve the problem of material accumulation.

[0049] In practice, each cylindrical liner 2 can be disassembled and replaced. Furthermore, any cylindrical liner 2 can be replaced with a cylindrical liner 2 of other diameters according to the material characteristics or conveying requirements.

[0050] Please see Figures 2 to 5Taking N=2 as an example, the rotary kiln feeding structure provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. In this case, the feeding structure is a double-layered structure, mainly including a first cylindrical liner 21 and a second cylindrical liner 22, with the second cylindrical liner 22 fitted outside the first cylindrical liner 21. Specifically: the internal cavity of the first cylindrical liner 21 forms the first feeding channel; the second cylindrical liner 22 and the first cylindrical liner 21 form the second feeding channel; the discharge end of the first feeding channel is connected to the second feeding channel, so that the material conveyed from the first feeding channel enters the second feeding channel for further transmission (see details...). Figure 4 The thick arrow in the upper right corner indicates the material return conveying direction, thus forming a return-type double-layer feeding channel.

[0051] Because this feeding structure adopts a double-layer liner structure, forming a return-type double-layer feeding channel, compared with the single-cylinder rotary kiln in the prior art, the feeding structure provided by this invention can effectively reduce the equipment length, reduce the floor space, and improve the equipment space utilization rate while increasing the total length of the material conveying path under the same operating conditions through the return-type feeding channel. Moreover, the second cylindrical liner 22 has a certain heat preservation effect on the first cylindrical liner 21, which is conducive to improving the heat utilization rate.

[0052] For specific implementation details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 4 and Figure 5 The first cylindrical liner 21 and the second cylindrical liner 22 are fixedly connected by an intermediate connector to ensure the structural stability of the double-layer liner structure and facilitate assembly, disassembly and maintenance.

[0053] Specifically, the intermediate connector includes a screw 26, the two ends of which are fixedly connected to the second cylindrical liner 22 and the first cylindrical liner 21, respectively.

[0054] Preferably, multiple screws 26 are respectively arranged in the second feeding channel along the circumferential or axial direction to ensure the connection strength between the second cylindrical liner 22 and the first cylindrical liner 21, and to ensure the spatial shape of the second feeding channel.

[0055] Preferably, the intermediate connecting component includes a screw 26 and a nut 25, that is, the second cylindrical liner 22 and the first cylindrical liner 21 are fixedly connected by the screw 26 and the nut 25. During assembly: first, the nut 25 is installed on the first cylindrical liner 21, and then welded together; then, the second cylindrical liner 22 and the first cylindrical liner 21 are assembled together using the screw 26, as shown below. Figure 5As shown, one end of the screw 26 is connected to the nut 25, and the other end is connected to the second cylindrical liner 22; then the screw 26 and the second cylindrical liner 22 are welded together. It can be seen that the nut 25 and the first cylindrical liner 21, as well as the screw 26 and the second cylindrical liner 22, are connected by first assembling and then welding, ultimately combining the second cylindrical liner 22 and the first cylindrical liner 21 into a complete double-layer liner structure through the screw 26 and the nut 25. This connection method facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the second cylindrical liner 22 and the first cylindrical liner 21, making maintenance convenient and facilitating the replacement and recycling of components.

[0056] However, this is not the only option. In other specific embodiments, other methods can be used to fix and install the second cylindrical liner 22 and the first cylindrical liner 21. For example, they can be assembled using only a nut and screw structure without welding; or they can be installed between the second cylindrical liner 22 and the first cylindrical liner 21 using an intermediate connector of other structural forms such as a rod-like structure, plate-like structure, or bracket, with the second cylindrical liner 22 and the first cylindrical liner 21 respectively welded / threaded / plugged / clamped to the intermediate connector.

[0057] Further, please see Figure 4 The inner wall of the first cylindrical liner 21 is provided with multiple first pseudo-rotating plates 23, which drive the material in the first feeding channel to be conveyed in the forward direction when the first cylindrical liner 21 rotates around its own axis. The inner wall of the second cylindrical liner 22 is provided with multiple second pseudo-rotating plates 24, which drive the material in the second feeding channel to be conveyed in the reverse direction when the second cylindrical liner 22 rotates around its own axis. The discharge end of the first feeding channel (i.e.,...) Figure 4 The right end of the first cylindrical inner tube 21 is connected to the second feeding channel. Specifically, the connection can be achieved by providing a through hole on the right side wall of the first cylindrical inner tube 21 (see [reference]). Figure 4 (The location of the thick arrow), or the right port of the first cylindrical liner 21 can be kept at a certain distance from the closed end plate of the right end of the second cylindrical liner 22 (not shown in the figure), so as to realize the connection between the first feeding channel and the second feeding channel and realize the return of the feeding path.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, both the first pseudo-rotary plate 23 and the second pseudo-rotary plate 24 are high-temperature resistant straight plates, and are installed by fitting a spiral trajectory. That is: Assume that there is a virtual spiral trajectory on the inner wall of the first cylindrical liner 21, and multiple first pseudo-spiral plates 23 are arranged sequentially along this trajectory and fixedly connected to the first cylindrical liner 21; the central plane of each first pseudo-spiral plate 23 forms a preset angle greater than zero with the central axis of the first cylindrical liner 21. The angle is related to the pitch of the virtual spiral trajectory at that position, that is, it is related to the feeding speed at that position and the residence time of the material at that position. Similarly, assuming that there is a virtual spiral trajectory on the inner wall of the second cylindrical liner 22, multiple second pseudo-spiral plates 24 are arranged sequentially along this trajectory and are fixedly connected to the second cylindrical liner 22; the central plane of each second pseudo-spiral plate 24 forms a preset angle greater than zero with the central axis of the second cylindrical liner 22. This angle is related to the pitch of the virtual spiral trajectory at that position, that is, it is related to the feeding speed at that position and the residence time of the material at that position.

[0059] Specifically, multiple first pseudo-rotating plates 23 are arranged sequentially along a first spiral trajectory. The pitch of the first spiral trajectory is a fixed pitch, or the pitch of the first spiral trajectory is set to different pitches according to the preset feeding speed of the material at different positions in the first feeding channel. Furthermore, multiple second pseudo-rotating plates 24 are arranged sequentially along a second spiral trajectory. The pitch of the second spiral trajectory is a fixed pitch, or the pitch of the second spiral trajectory is set to different pitches according to the preset feeding speed of the material at different positions in the second feeding channel.

[0060] For example, depending on the material characteristics or to achieve a suitable processing effect, the pitch of the first helical trajectory gradually increases / decreases along the material conveying direction. Similarly, the pitch of the second helical trajectory gradually increases / decreases along the material conveying direction.

[0061] Alternatively, based on material characteristics or to achieve suitable processing results, the pitch of the first helical trajectory is divided into different segments along the material conveying direction. The pitch within the same segment is equal, while the pitch in different segments increases / decreases in a stepped manner along the material conveying direction. Similarly, the pitch of the second helical trajectory is divided into different segments along the material conveying direction. The pitch within the same segment is equal, while the pitch in different segments increases / decreases in a stepped manner along the material conveying direction.

[0062] Preferably, part or all of the pitch of the first helical trajectory is in a preset ratio to the pitch of the second helical trajectory located radially outside it. For example, in a portion of region a of the first helical trajectory, the axial distance between two adjacent pseudo-rotating plates is 500 mm; in region b of the second helical trajectory (region b is located radially outside region a), the axial distance between two adjacent pseudo-rotating plates is 200 mm or 300 mm. In this case, the preset ratio is 5:2 or 5:3. However, it is not limited to this. In other specific embodiments, the preset ratio can also be set to other values. Generally, the preset ratio is specifically designed according to the material characteristics, feeding speed, preheating / heating / insulating / cooling time, etc. Therefore, the present invention does not specifically limit the specific parameters such as the pitch of the first and second helical trajectories, the distance between adjacent pseudo-rotating plates, and the preset ratio. Those skilled in the art can make specific designs according to actual needs.

[0063] In practical implementation, the rotary kiln is a sintering rotary kiln with a relatively slow rotation speed of 0-3 revolutions per minute. The first pseudo-rotary plate 23 and the second pseudo-rotary plate 24 provide the material with the driving force to form a regular conveying trajectory. Material conveying can be achieved even with the rotary kiln placed horizontally, without needing to adjust its tilt angle, thus reducing the difficulty of transmission connection and installation. Furthermore, the first pseudo-rotary plate 23 and the second pseudo-rotary plate 24 respectively adopt a straight plate structure fitted with a spiral to form the feeding drive structure. Compared to a complete spiral blade, this not only preserves the material's trajectory and has lower speed requirements, but also acts as a material-lifting mechanism, achieving the effect of mixing materials and improving material uniformity / looseness. Moreover, the installation method of the first pseudo-rotary plate 23 and the second pseudo-rotary plate 24 is relatively simple, which can greatly reduce costs.

[0064] In practice, the material filling rates of the first feeding channel located inside the first cylindrical liner 21 and the second feeding channel located between the second cylindrical liner 22 and the first cylindrical liner 21 can reach 6% to 15% (depending on the characteristics of different materials), for example, 6%, 9%, 12%, and 15%. Compared with the single-liner form, the effective filling rate of the feeding channels (especially the second cylindrical liner 22) can be greatly increased.

[0065] In specific implementation, the first pseudo-rotating plate 23 is installed as follows: several oblique holes arranged sequentially along a spiral trajectory are laser-machined on the first cylindrical inner tube 21. The structure of the first pseudo-rotating plate 23 and the slope of its mounting oblique holes relative to the central axis of the double-layer inner tube structure are related to the pitch of the preset first spiral trajectory, thereby limiting the axial movement distance of the material in the first cylindrical inner tube 21 per revolution. Ultimately, the first pseudo-rotating plate 23 can provide forward propulsion for the material in the first feeding channel and also achieve the effect of material handling.

[0066] Similarly, the second pseudo-rotating plate 24 is installed in the same way as the first pseudo-rotating plate 23, through an oblique hole on the second cylindrical liner 22. However, the feeding direction of the second pseudo-rotating plate 24 is reversed. That is, the rotation direction of the spiral trajectory referenced by the second pseudo-rotating plate 24 when it is installed on the second cylindrical liner 22 is opposite to the rotation direction of the spiral trajectory presented by the first pseudo-rotating plate 23 on the first cylindrical liner 21. Therefore, the inclination direction of the oblique hole of the second pseudo-rotating plate 24 relative to the central axis of the double-layer liner structure is opposite to that of the first pseudo-rotating plate 23. The structure of the second pseudo-rotating plate 24 and the slope of its oblique hole relative to the central axis of the double-layer liner structure are related to the pitch of the preset second spiral trajectory, thereby limiting the axial movement distance of the material per revolution in the second feeding channel. Ultimately, the second pseudo-rotating plate 24 can provide forward propulsion for the material in the second feeding channel and also achieve the effect of material handling.

[0067] Specifically, the slopes of the first pseudo-rotating plates 23 and their mounting oblique holes in different axial sections of the first cylindrical inner tank 21 can be the same or different, or the slopes can be gradually changed along the axial direction in a certain proportional relationship, so that the axial movement speed / residence time of the material in different axial sections of the first cylindrical inner tank 21 is in a certain proportional relationship. Similarly, the slopes of the second pseudo-rotating plates 24 and their mounting oblique holes in different axial sections of the second cylindrical inner tank 22 can be the same or different, or the slopes can be gradually changed along the axial direction in a certain proportional relationship, so that the axial movement speed / residence time of the material in different axial sections of the second cylindrical inner tank 22 is in a certain proportional relationship. In specific implementation, those skilled in the art can make specific designs according to actual needs; this invention does not specifically limit the specific design parameters.

[0068] Please see Figures 6 to 9 The present invention also provides a rotary kiln, which is provided with the rotary kiln feeding structure described above.

[0069] For specific implementation details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 The outer side of the second cylindrical bladder 22 is also provided with a mounting plate 91 for mounting the ring gear / sprocket in the power mechanism 9, so as to drive the double-layer bladder structure to rotate around its own axis through the power mechanism 9 to realize the return conveying of materials.

[0070] For specific implementation details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 6 The rotary kiln is also equipped with a feeding mechanism 8 and a discharging mechanism 5. The feeding mechanism 8 is located in the innermost cylindrical chamber 2 (e.g., Figure 4 The feed end of the first cylindrical inner tube 21 is used to feed the innermost feeding channel 20 (e.g., Figure 4 The material is conveyed within the first feeding channel inside the first cylindrical liner 21; the discharge mechanism 5 is located in the outermost cylindrical liner 2 (e.g., Figure 4 The discharge end of the second cylindrical chamber 22 is used to receive the material output from the outermost feeding channel 20. Thus, the feeding mechanism 8 and the discharge mechanism 5 are located at the same end of the rotary kiln, which is conducive to the integrated design of functional modules and facilitates production and installation.

[0071] For specific implementation details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 6 and Figure 7 The rotary kiln is also equipped with an end connection mechanism 12. The end connection mechanism 12 connects to the innermost cylindrical liner (e.g., Figure 4 The first cylindrical liner (21) is sealed at its inlet end and is equipped with an air inlet mechanism 121. The air inlet mechanism 121 is connected to the innermost feeding channel and is used to deliver process atmosphere into the innermost feeding channel; the end connection mechanism 12 is connected to the outermost cylindrical liner (e.g., Figure 4The second cylindrical liner 22 is sealed at its discharge end and is equipped with an air outlet mechanism 122. The air outlet mechanism 122 is connected to the outermost feeding channel and is used to output the process atmosphere. Specifically, the end connection mechanism 12 includes a mechanism body 120 and an air inlet mechanism 121 and an air outlet mechanism 122 disposed on the mechanism body 120. The mechanism body 120 includes an end plate portion 1203, and a first cylindrical connecting portion 1201 and a second cylindrical connecting portion 1202 located on the side of the end plate portion 1203 near the cylindrical liner 2. The first cylindrical connecting portion 1201 is coaxially sleeved inside the second cylindrical connecting portion 1202. The first cylindrical connecting portion 1201 is sealed at the feed end of the innermost cylindrical liner 2. The connecting part 1202 is sealed to the discharge end of the outermost cylindrical bladder 2; the air inlet mechanism 121 is installed on the side of the end plate part 1203 away from the cylindrical bladder 2, and passes through the end plate part 1203 to communicate with the innermost feeding channel 20; the air outlet mechanism 122 is installed outside the second cylindrical connecting part 1202, and passes through the side wall of the second cylindrical connecting part 1202 to communicate with the outermost feeding channel 20; the end connecting mechanism 12 is a detachable assembly component and is connected to the fixed flange on the outside of the outermost cylindrical bladder 2. In practical implementation, taking a double-layered liner structure as an example, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the inlet end of the first cylindrical liner 21 is provided with an inner liner sealing ring 27 for sealing connection with the end connecting mechanism 12; the outlet end of the second cylindrical liner 22 is provided with an outer liner sealing ring 28 for sealing connection with the end connecting mechanism 12. The inner liner sealing ring 27 and the outer liner sealing ring 28 can be fixedly installed at the ends of the first cylindrical liner 21 and the second cylindrical liner 22 by welding, respectively.

[0072] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7 The end connection mechanism 12 is specifically a sealed infeed / outfeed mechanism, which is connected to the fixed flange on the outside of the outermost cylindrical liner (e.g., the second cylindrical liner 22 in a double-layer liner structure), facilitating the hoisting and disassembly of the feeding structure. Moreover, the entire module of the end connection mechanism 12 is a detachable modular component, with tight connections between the various parts, making maintenance convenient.

[0073] Furthermore, a heating and insulation module 3 is also provided outside the feeding structure of the rotary kiln. The heating and insulation module 3 includes an insulation device and a heating device. The insulation device covers the outermost cylindrical liner (e.g., the second cylindrical liner 22 in a double-layer liner structure), and the heating device is located between the outermost cylindrical liner (e.g., the second cylindrical liner 22 in a double-layer liner structure) and the insulation device.

[0074] Furthermore, a cooling device 7 is provided outside the feeding structure in this rotary kiln. The cooling device 7 is located outside the outermost cylindrical liner (e.g., the second cylindrical liner 22 in a double-layer liner structure) and close to the discharge end of the cylindrical liner, and is used to cool the material output from the discharge end of the cylindrical liner.

[0075] Preferably, please refer to Figure 7 The cooling device 7 includes multiple water pipes 71 located outside the feeding structure and arranged sequentially along the circumference. Each water pipe 71 is equipped with one or more nozzles. Therefore, the cooling device 7 is a spray system, installed in a ring-shaped enclosure, which has high space utilization and good cooling effect. It can thus cool the material and process atmosphere in the second feeding channel at this location through water cooling.

[0076] In practice, the cooling device 7 is equipped with a water storage tank structure and a water and steam self-circulation structure, which can achieve energy saving and reuse.

[0077] Furthermore, the cooling device 7 also includes a cooling housing 72, in which the aforementioned multiple water pipes 71 are all installed, thereby restricting the flow of cooling water within the cooling housing, ensuring environmental cleanliness, and avoiding safety hazards.

[0078] It should be noted that although the cooling device 7 can cool the materials and process atmosphere in the feeding channel, the temperature of the cooled materials and process atmosphere in the outer feeding channel is generally higher than that in the inner feeding channel. Therefore, the materials and process atmosphere in the outer feeding channel can preheat the materials and process atmosphere in the inner feeding channel. For example, taking a double-layer structure as an example, the materials and process atmosphere that have just entered the first feeding channel from the inlet end of the first cylindrical liner 21 can be preheated by the materials and process atmosphere in the second feeding channel.

[0079] As can be seen, the conveying path of this multi-layered liner structure can be divided into a preheating zone (referred to as the preheating zone), a heating and constant-temperature zone (referred to as the constant-temperature zone), and a cooling zone (referred to as the cooling zone) along the conveying direction. Taking a double-layered liner structure with N=2 as an example: The cooling zone refers to the location of the cooling device 7, which is generally close to the discharge end of the second feeding channel (i.e., the discharge end of the second cylindrical tank 22), and can cool down the material and process atmosphere that will be output from the discharge end of the second feeding channel. The preheating zone refers to the feeding area of ​​the first feeding channel located at the discharge end of the second feeding channel and the radially inner side of the cooling device 7, which is used to preheat the material and process atmosphere that have just entered the feeding end of the first feeding channel. The constant temperature zone refers to the section of the first and second feeding channels corresponding to the heating device.

[0080] It can be seen that the cooling zone is located radially outside the preheating zone, and the two are located in the same section of the double-layer shell structure, which not only helps to reduce the size of the equipment, but also effectively improves the heat utilization rate.

[0081] Specifically, in the production process: The material and process atmosphere first enter the preheating zone of the first feeding channel through the feed end of the first cylindrical tank 21. At this time, under the influence of the heat transferred from the material and process atmosphere near the discharge end of the second feeding channel, the feed end of the first cylindrical tank 21 can preheat the material and process atmosphere. The preheated material and process atmosphere are conveyed forward along the axial direction of the first cylindrical bladder 21 in the first feeding channel and enter the constant temperature section where the heating device is located. The material and process atmosphere coming out of the discharge end of the first feeding channel enter the second feeding channel and are conveyed in reverse along the axial direction of the second cylindrical bladder 22 within the second feeding channel. When the material and process atmosphere in the second feeding channel reach the location of the cooling device 7, they are cooled down and then reach the discharge end of the second feeding channel, where they are discharged by the discharge mechanism 5 to the outside of the double-layer liner mechanism.

[0082] Specifically, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the heating device and the heat preservation device constitute the heating and heat preservation module 3. Preferably, in the heating and heat preservation module 3, the heat preservation device surrounds and covers the outside of the feeding structure to achieve overall heat preservation; the heating device is an electric heating device, located on the lower side of the feeding structure and between the feeding structure and the heat preservation device. Thus, the lower part of the heating and heat preservation module 3 has both heating and heat preservation functions, while the upper part only has heat preservation function.

[0083] Preferably, the above-mentioned heat preservation device and heating device are detachable combined installation structures, which can be inspected and replaced.

[0084] Furthermore, an opening and closing control mechanism 10 is provided on the outside of the rotary kiln. The aforementioned insulation device is composed of multiple insulation units. The opening and closing control mechanism 10 is used to control at least some of the insulation units to move away from the feeding structure, so as to open the insulation device, exposing the feeding structure and heating device, which facilitates the inspection and maintenance of the internal components of the feeding structure, heating device, and the opened insulation device.

[0085] In a preferred embodiment, the aforementioned insulation unit includes a first insulation unit located above the feeding structure and a second insulation unit located below the feeding structure. The opening and closing control mechanism 10 is used to control the first insulation unit to rotate around an axis or translate along a preset trajectory, so as to control the first insulation unit to move to a target position, which is any position other than above the feeding structure. This allows the feeding structure to be removed from the heating and insulation module 3 by hoisting or other means, facilitating the separate inspection, maintenance, and replacement of the feeding structure and the heating and insulation module 3.

[0086] In a preferred embodiment, the opening and closing control mechanism 10 is a flipping mechanism, which can drive the first heat preservation unit located above the feeding structure to open in a flipping manner. That is, it controls the first heat preservation unit to rotate around a horizontal axis parallel to the central axis of the feeding structure, thereby moving the first heat preservation unit away from the feeding structure. When the opening and closing control mechanism 10 controls the first heat preservation unit to move in the opposite direction, the first heat preservation unit and the second heat preservation unit can be fastened together and pressed together, thus re-forming the heating and heat preservation module 3 covering the outside of the feeding structure.

[0087] In short, the opening and closing control mechanism 10 can control the first insulation unit to flip so that it is away from the second insulation unit when it is opened / fastened, thereby facilitating the inspection, maintenance and replacement of the feeding structure and the internal structures such as the heating device and insulation device located below the feeding structure.

[0088] For specific implementation details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 The rotary kiln is equipped with a tilting frame 1 that is fastened to the heating and insulation module 3. The first insulation unit located above the feeding structure is fixedly connected to the tilting frame 1. When the opening and closing control mechanism 10 controls the tilting frame 1 to open upward, the feeding structure is exposed. By lifting the feeding structure, the internal structures, such as the heating device and insulation device located below the feeding structure, can be inspected, maintained, and replaced.

[0089] Specifically, please see Figure 10 The opening and closing control mechanism 10 includes a linear motor, a pneumatic cylinder, or a hydraulic cylinder, one end of which is hinged to the ground or the bottom support frame, and the other end is hinged to the tilting frame 1. When the opening and closing control mechanism 10 moves along... Figure 10 When the straight arrow in the middle retracts, the flip frame 1 rotates around the central axis a, thereby flipping and opening the first insulation unit.

[0090] Please see Figure 7 and Figure 8 The rotary kiln is preferably equipped with a support mechanism 6, which is located below the feeding structure and has a height-adjustable follow-up support surface.

[0091] Specifically, the support mechanism 6 is embedded within the heating and insulation module 3 and located in the area where the heating device is located, i.e., below the high-temperature section of the feeding structure, and is made of a high-temperature resistant material. Therefore, when the outermost cylindrical shell of the feeding structure deforms due to heat, the support mechanism 6 can automatically perform height compensation to compensate for the radial thermal deformation of the feeding structure under high-temperature conditions. This ensures that the support mechanism 6 remains in contact with the outer wall of the outermost cylindrical shell, maintaining effective support.

[0092] For specific implementation details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 6 and Figure 7 The rotary kiln is equipped with a power mechanism 9, a support ring 4, a first striking mechanism 11, and a second striking mechanism 29. Preferably, the end connecting mechanism 12, the power mechanism 9, the support ring 4, the cooling device 7, the first striking mechanism 11, the tilting frame 1 (which contains a heating and insulation module 3), and the second striking mechanism 29 are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the feeding structure. Taking a double-layer kiln structure with N=2 as an example: The support ring 4 is set on the limiting mechanism, which can provide radial support and axial limiting for the feeding structure; The power mechanism 9 includes a ring gear / sprocket disposed on the outside of the feeding structure, and a power device meshing with the ring gear / sprocket, which can drive the feeding structure to rotate around its own central axis to drive the material conveying inside the hopper; The first striking mechanism 11 is installed on the second cylindrical tank 22. The striking is achieved by the rotation of the second cylindrical tank 22. It can strike and vibrate the material in the second cylindrical tank 22 before the material is conveyed to the heating constant temperature section, so as to avoid problems such as material clumping, facilitate conveying, and promote uniform heating of the material. The second striking mechanism 29 is located at the tail end of the feeding structure and is sealed to the end of the second cylindrical inner tank 22. It can strike and vibrate the material when it is conveyed to the tail end of the feeding structure, i.e., during the return stroke of the material conveying direction, to avoid problems such as material agglomeration and accumulation, facilitate conveying, and ensure uniform heating of the material. Specifically, the second striking mechanism 29 can seal the end of the second cylindrical inner tank 22 and can use its rotational power to achieve the striking action, preventing material accumulation at the end of the second cylindrical inner tank 22.

[0093] In addition, the opening and closing control mechanism 10 used to drive the tilting frame 1 to tilt and open with the first insulation unit can include any driving mechanism such as a motor, cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, connecting rod, sprocket mechanism or gear mechanism.

[0094] In practice, a support frame is provided below the rotary kiln, and the aforementioned feeding mechanism 8, discharging mechanism 5, power mechanism 9, limiting mechanism, cooling device 7, heating and insulation module 3, support mechanism 6, opening and closing control mechanism 10, etc. are all fixedly installed on the support frame.

[0095] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0096] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0097] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A rotary kiln, comprising a rotary kiln feeding structure, characterized in that, The rotary kiln feeding structure includes: Two cylindrical bladders (2) are nested from the inside out. Each cylindrical bladder (2) has multiple pseudo-rotating plates on its inner wall. The multiple pseudo-rotating plates are arranged in sequence along a preset spiral trajectory. The pitch of the preset spiral trajectory in at least one cylindrical bladder (2) is divided into different sections along the material conveying direction. The pitch in the same section is equal, and the pitch in different sections increases / decreases in a step-like manner along the material conveying direction. The internal cavity of the innermost cylindrical bladder (2) and the radial gap between adjacent cylindrical bladders (2) constitute a feeding channel (20). Multiple feeding channels (20) are connected in sequence, and the conveying directions of adjacent feeding channels (20) are opposite. An end connection mechanism (12) includes a main body (120) and an air inlet mechanism (121) and an air outlet mechanism (122) disposed on the main body (120); the main body (120) includes an end plate portion (1203), and a first cylindrical connecting portion (1201) and a second cylindrical connecting portion (1202) located on the side of the end plate portion (1203) near the cylindrical bladder (2), the first cylindrical connecting portion (1201) being coaxially sleeved inside the second cylindrical connecting portion (1202), the first cylindrical connecting portion (1201) being sealed to the feed end of the innermost cylindrical bladder (2), the second ... 1202) is sealed to the discharge end of the outermost cylindrical bladder (2); the air inlet mechanism (121) is installed on the side of the end plate (1203) away from the cylindrical bladder (2), and passes through the end plate (1203) to communicate with the innermost feeding channel (20); the air outlet mechanism (122) is installed outside the second cylindrical connecting part (1202), and passes through the side wall of the second cylindrical connecting part (1202) to communicate with the outermost feeding channel (20); the end connecting mechanism (12) is a detachable combined component and is connected to the fixed flange on the outer side of the outermost cylindrical bladder (2); The feeding mechanism (8) includes a feeding conveyor (82) and a feeding cylinder (81). The feeding area of ​​the feeding conveyor (82) is located inside the feeding cylinder (81), and the discharge end of the feeding conveyor (82) extends through the end plate (1203) into the innermost feeding channel (20). The discharge mechanism (5) is located at the bottom of the second cylindrical connecting part (1202); The rotary kiln also includes a cooling device (7), which is located on the outside of the outermost cylindrical bladder (2) and close to the discharge end of the outermost cylindrical bladder (2). The conveying path formed by the two cylindrical bladders (2) can be divided into a preheating zone, a constant temperature zone, and a cooling zone along the conveying direction: the cooling zone refers to the location of the cooling device (7); the preheating zone refers to the feeding area of ​​the outermost feeding channel outlet and the innermost feeding channel radially inside the cooling device (7); the constant temperature zone refers to the section of the innermost feeding channel and the outermost feeding channel corresponding to the heating device.

2. The rotary kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the cylindrical bladders (2) has multiple pseudo-rotating plates on its inner wall; When the cylindrical inner tube (2) rotates around its own axis, the pseudo-rotating plate can drive the material in the feeding channel (20) where it is located to be conveyed in a preset direction.

3. The rotary kiln according to claim 2, characterized in that, Within each of the cylindrical bladders (2), multiple pseudo-rotating plates are arranged sequentially along a preset spiral trajectory. The pitch of the preset spiral trajectory is a fixed pitch, or the pitch of the preset spiral trajectory is set to different pitches according to the preset feeding speed of the material at different positions in the feeding channel (20).

4. The rotary kiln according to claim 3, characterized in that, The innermost cylindrical bladder (2) is the first cylindrical bladder (21), and the preset spiral trajectory of the plurality of pseudo-rotating plates inside the first cylindrical bladder (21) is the first spiral trajectory; The cylindrical tube (2) adjacent to the first cylindrical tube (21) is the second cylindrical tube (22), and the preset spiral trajectory of the plurality of pseudo-rotating plates in the second cylindrical tube (22) is the second spiral trajectory; The pitch of the first helical trajectory, either partially or entirely, is in a predetermined ratio to the pitch of the second helical trajectory radially outward from it.

5. The rotary kiln according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pseudo-rotating plate is a straight plate structure that is inclined relative to the central axis of the cylindrical bladder (2).

6. The rotary kiln according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It also includes intermediate connectors, and adjacent cylindrical bladders (2) are fixedly connected by the intermediate connectors.

7. The rotary kiln according to claim 6, characterized in that, The intermediate connector includes an elastic element that can compensate for changes in radial distance between adjacent cylindrical bladders (2).

8. The rotary kiln according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It also includes a slewing support, which is located between adjacent cylindrical bladders (2) and is rotatably connected to at least one of the adjacent cylindrical bladders (2).

9. The rotary kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The heat preservation device covers the outside of the outermost cylindrical liner (2); A heating device is disposed between the outermost cylindrical liner (2) and the heat preservation device.

10. The rotary kiln according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes an opening and closing control mechanism (10); The heat preservation device is composed of multiple heat preservation units, and the opening and closing control mechanism (10) is used to control at least some of the heat preservation units to move away from the rotary kiln feeding structure.

11. The rotary kiln according to claim 10, characterized in that, The insulation unit includes a first insulation unit located above the rotary kiln feeding structure and a second insulation unit located below the rotary kiln feeding structure. The opening and closing control mechanism (10) is used to control the first heat preservation unit to move to the target position, which is any position other than above the rotary kiln feeding structure.

12. The rotary kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a support mechanism (6), which is located below the rotary kiln feeding structure and is provided with a height-adjustable follow-up support surface.

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