An electronic device

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device, comprising a radiator, a feed point and a grounding point, the radiator comprising a first radiator, a second radiator and a third radiator, wherein the first end of the first radiator is opposite to the first end of the second radiator and forms a first gap, the second end of the first radiator is opposite to the first end of the third radiator and forms a second gap, the feed point and the grounding point are arranged on the first radiator, the grounding point is arranged in a central region of the radiator or a central region of the first radiator, and the feed point is arranged between the central region and the first end of the first radiator. The gaps formed between the multiple radiators can realize a wideband antenna, meeting the needs of multiple communication frequency bands.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless communication, and more particularly to an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication systems, the demand for broadband in antennas of electronic devices is becoming increasingly urgent.

[0003] Considering factors such as industrial design (ID) and the overall structure of electronic devices, traditional electronic device antennas are typically designed for small size and minimal slots. However, this requirement contradicts the inherent nature of antennas as open systems, thus limiting their performance. To improve performance and meet the demands of an increasing number of communication frequency bands, a series of auxiliary means are usually added, such as switches, sensors, circuits, and algorithms. Ultimately, this significantly increases the complexity of the antenna system, posing challenges to user experience and cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an electronic device including multiple radiators with gaps between them to realize a broadband antenna and meet the needs of multiple communication frequency bands.

[0005] In a first aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a feed point, a ground point, and a radiator, wherein the radiator includes a first radiator, a second radiator, and a third radiator; wherein a first end of the first radiator is opposite to a first end of the second radiator and forms a first gap; a second end of the first radiator is opposite to a first end of the third radiator and forms a second gap; the feed point and the ground point are disposed on the first radiator; the ground point is disposed in the central region of the first radiator, or the ground point is disposed in the central region of the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator; the feed point is disposed between the central region and the first end of the first radiator; when an electrical signal is fed into the feed point, the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator jointly generate at least one resonance.

[0006] According to the technical solution of this application embodiment, the feed point, ground point, and radiator are part of the antenna structure of the electronic device. By setting the feed point at a position off-center, both the CM mode and DM mode of the antenna structure can be excited simultaneously. Simultaneously, by adjusting the parameters of the antenna structure, the resonant frequency bands generated by the multi-order resonant modes in the CM mode (e.g., half-wavelength mode, three-half-wavelength mode, etc.) and the resonant frequency bands generated by the multi-order resonant modes in the DM mode (e.g., half-wavelength mode, three-half-wavelength mode, etc.) are brought closer together, thereby expanding the bandwidth of the antenna structure through the adjacent resonant frequency bands generated by multiple resonant modes.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the second radiator and the third radiator have the same length.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the widths of the first gap and the second gap are the same.

[0009] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, as the symmetry of the radiator increases, the radiation characteristics (e.g., bandwidth, gain, etc.) of the antenna structure also increase.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the second radiator and the third radiator are not provided with a power supply point and a grounding point.

[0011] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the second radiator and the third radiator may not have a feed point and a ground point, making the antenna structure simpler and easier to lay out in electronic devices.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, when an electrical signal is fed into the feed point, the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator jointly generate a first resonance, a second resonance, a third resonance, and a fourth resonance.

[0013] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, when an electrical signal is fed into the feed point, the first radiator, the second radiator and the third radiator jointly generate a first resonance (half-wavelength mode in CM mode), a second resonance (half-wavelength mode in DM mode), a third resonance (three-half-wavelength mode in CM mode) and a fourth resonance (three-half-wavelength mode in DM mode).

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the resonant frequency bands of any two adjacent resonances among the first resonance, the second resonance, the third resonance, and the fourth resonance partially overlap.

[0015] According to the technical solution of this application embodiment, the antenna structure can extend the operating bandwidth of the antenna structure by using multiple resonant frequency bands that are close to each other. Partial overlap of resonant frequency bands between adjacent resonators can be understood as follows: for example, the resonant frequency bands of the first resonator and the second resonator are adjacent or close resonant frequency bands. In one embodiment, a resonant frequency band can be understood as the resonant frequency range where S11 < -4dB; partial overlap of resonant frequency bands can be understood as the existence of partial frequency overlap between two resonant frequency ranges where S11 < -4dB. For example, the resonant frequency band of the first resonator includes B35 (1.85-1.91GHz) in LTE, and the resonant frequency band of the second resonator includes B39 (1.88-1.92GHz) in LTE. The frequency of the second resonator is lower than the frequency of the third resonator, and the resonant frequency bands of the second and third resonators partially overlap.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the radiator further includes a fourth radiator and a fifth radiator; wherein, the first end of the fourth radiator is opposite to the second end of the second radiator and forms a third gap; and the first end of the fifth radiator is opposite to the second end of the third radiator and forms a fourth gap.

[0017] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, by utilizing the fourth radiator and the second radiator to form a third gap, and the fifth radiator and the third radiator to form a fourth gap, it is possible to further increase the higher-order resonant modes generated by the antenna structure (bringing the higher-order resonant modes closer to the original resonant modes), such as the half-wavelength modes in CM and DM modes, thereby further expanding the operating bandwidth of the antenna structure. It should be understood that the radiators of the antenna structure may include multiple radiators, and are not limited to the three or five radiators provided in the embodiments of this application. They can be adjusted according to actual production or design requirements, and this application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0018] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, when an electrical signal is fed into the feed point, the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator, the fourth radiator, and the fifth radiator jointly generate the at least one resonance.

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, when an electrical signal is fed into the feed point, the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator, the fourth radiator, and the fifth radiator jointly generate a first resonance, a second resonance, a third resonance, a fourth resonance, a fifth resonance, and a sixth resonance.

[0020] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, when an electrical signal is fed into the feed point, the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator, the fourth radiator and the fifth radiator jointly generate the first resonance (half-wavelength mode in CM mode), the second resonance (half-wavelength mode in DM mode), the third resonance (three-half-wavelength mode in CM mode), the fourth resonance (three-half-wavelength mode in DM mode), the fifth resonance (five-half-wavelength mode in CM mode) and the sixth resonance (five-half-wavelength mode in DM mode).

[0021] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the resonant frequency bands of any two adjacent resonances among the first resonance, the second resonance, the third resonance, the fourth resonance, the fifth resonance, and the sixth resonance partially overlap.

[0022] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the antenna structure can extend the working bandwidth of the antenna structure by using multiple resonant frequency bands that are close to each other.

[0023] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes a frame, a portion of which has a first position, a second position, a third position, and a fourth position in sequence, wherein the frame between the first position and the second position serves as the second radiator, the frame between the second position and the third position serves as the first radiator, and the frame between the third position and the fourth position serves as the third radiator; the first gap is provided at the second position of the frame; and the second gap is provided at the third position of the frame.

[0024] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the antenna structure may include a frame antenna, and multiple frame segments may be used as multiple radiators of the antenna structure, such as a first radiator, a second radiator and a third radiator, to form a first gap and a second gap.

[0025] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes a printed circuit board (PCB); a first medium is disposed between the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator and the PCB.

[0026] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, a first dielectric material can be disposed between the radiator of the antenna structure (e.g., the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator) and the PCB. For example, in one embodiment, the first dielectric material can be FR-4 to enhance the mechanical strength of the radiating part of the antenna structure. Furthermore, as the dielectric constant of the first dielectric material increases, the length (physical length) of the radiating part can be further reduced while keeping the electrical length of the radiator of the antenna structure constant, thereby reducing the volume occupied by the radiator of the antenna structure.

[0027] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes a printed circuit board (PCB); wherein the PCB includes a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate stacked together; a first radiator is disposed between the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate; a second radiator is disposed on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate; a third radiator is disposed on the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate; the projections of a first end of the first radiator and the first end of the second radiator in a first direction at least partially overlap, forming the first gap, wherein the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the plane containing the first dielectric substrate or the second dielectric substrate; the projections of a second end of the first radiator and the first end of the third radiator in the first direction at least partially overlap, forming the second gap.

[0028] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the antenna structure may include a PCB antenna, and the first gap and the second gap may be formed by the stacked structure of multiple dielectric boards in the PCB.

[0029] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, a second medium is provided within the first gap or the second gap.

[0030] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the capacitance value of the first gap or the second gap can be changed in the following ways to control the energy coupled to the first radiator by the second radiator and the third radiator: (1) A second medium is provided in the first gap and the second gap. (2) The width of the first gap 140 and the second gap 150 is adjusted. (3) The facing area of ​​the radiators on both sides of the first gap and the second gap is adjusted. Alternatively, in one embodiment, capacitors can be provided in both the first gap and the second gap, and the two ends of the capacitors are electrically connected to the radiators on both sides of the gap, so as to change the capacitance value of the first gap and the second gap.

[0031] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes a grounding element, one end of which is electrically connected to the first radiator at the grounding point, and the other end of which is grounded.

[0032] According to the technical solution of this application embodiment, the grounding element can be used as part of the antenna structure. By connecting the grounding element in series at the grounding point, the electrical characteristics at the grounding point change, and this change in electrical characteristics at the grounding point will cause a change in the resonant frequency band of the CM mode. However, for the DM mode, the connection between the grounding element and the first radiator is not a zero-current point and is not affected by the change in electrical characteristics at the grounding point.

[0033] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the grounding element is a capacitor.

[0034] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the grounding element can be at least one of a capacitor or an inductor. When the grounding element is a capacitor, its capacitance value can be between 0.1pF and 100pF, and the capacitance value can be adjusted according to actual production or design. Alternatively, the grounding element can also be an impedance network composed of multiple electronic components, and this application does not limit this.

[0035] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes a matching network and a power supply unit, one end of the matching network being electrically connected to the first radiator at the power supply point, and the other end of the matching network being electrically connected to the power supply unit.

[0036] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the matching network and the feeding unit can be used as part of the antenna structure. The matching network can be used to match the electrical signal in the feeding unit with the impedance characteristics of the radiating part of the antenna structure, so as to minimize the transmission loss and distortion of the electrical signal and improve the radiation characteristics of the antenna structure. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the common-mode structure of a linear antenna provided in this application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution.

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the differential mode structure of a linear antenna provided in this application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure 100 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure 100 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure 100 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0044] Figure 8 The antenna structure shown is antenna structure 101 provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0045] Figure 9 The antenna structure shown is antenna structure 102 for comparison.

[0046] Figure 10 yes Figure 8 and Figure 9 The diagram shows the distribution of resonances generated by the antenna structure shown.

[0047] Figure 11 yes Figure 8 and Figure 9 The simulation results of the antenna structure shown are illustrated in Figure S11.

[0048] Figure 12 yes Figure 8 and Figure 9 The simulation results of the antenna structure's radiation efficiency and total efficiency are shown in the figure.

[0049] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0050] Figure 14 This is a simulation result diagram of S11 for antenna structures with different slot widths provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0051] Figure 15 This is a simulation result diagram of S11 for antenna structures with different electrical parameters of the grounding element provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0052] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure 200 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0053] Figure 17 yes Figure 16 The simulation results of the antenna structure shown are illustrated in Figure S11.

[0054] Figure 18 yes Figure 16 The simulation results of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna structure are shown in the figure.

[0055] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The following explains the terminology that may appear in the embodiments of this application.

[0057] Coupling can be understood as direct coupling and / or indirect coupling. "Coupled connection" can be understood as a direct coupling connection and / or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be called "electrical connection," which can be understood as physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as the form of connection between different components in a circuit structure through physical lines that can transmit electrical signals, such as copper foil or wires on a printed circuit board (PCB). "Indirect coupling" can be understood as electrical conduction between two conductors through a gap / non-contact method. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be called capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by forming an equivalent capacitance through coupling between the gaps between two conductive parts.

[0058] Connection / linking: can refer to a mechanical or physical connection. For example, A and B being connected or linked can mean that there are fasteners (such as screws, bolts, rivets, etc.) between A and B, or that A and B are in contact with each other and are difficult to separate.

[0059] Connection: The process of making two or more components conduct or connect through the above-mentioned "electrical connection" or "indirect coupling" to transmit signals / energy can be called connection.

[0060] Relative / Relative Settings: A relative setting to B can refer to A and B being face-to-face (opposite to, or face to face) settings.

[0061] Capacitor: can be understood as lumped capacitance and / or distributed capacitance. Lumped capacitance refers to capacitive components, such as capacitor elements; distributed capacitance (or distributed capacitance) refers to the equivalent capacitance formed by two conductive components separated by a certain gap.

[0062] Resonant / Resonant Frequency: The resonant frequency is also called the resonance frequency. It refers to the frequency at which the imaginary part of the antenna's input impedance is zero. The resonant frequency can have a range, that is, the range of frequencies where resonance occurs. The frequency corresponding to the strongest resonance is the center frequency – the point frequency. The return loss characteristic at the center frequency can be less than -20dB.

[0063] Resonant band / communication band / operating band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always operates within a certain frequency range (bandwidth). For example, an antenna supporting the B40 band operates within the frequency range of 2300MHz to 2400MHz, or in other words, the antenna's operating band includes the B40 band. The frequency range that meets the specifications can be considered the antenna's operating band.

[0064] Electrical length: Electrical length can be expressed as the ratio of physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) multiplied by the time it takes for an electrical or electromagnetic signal to travel in a medium to the time required for that signal to travel a distance in free space equal to the physical length of the medium. Electrical length can be expressed by the following formula:

[0065]

[0066] Where L is the physical length, a is the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the transmission time in free space.

[0067] Alternatively, electrical length can also refer to the ratio of physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, and electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0068]

[0069] Where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0070] In some embodiments of this application, the physical length of the radiator can be understood as the electrical length of the radiator ±10%.

[0071] In the embodiments of this application, the wavelength in a certain wavelength mode of the antenna (such as a half-wavelength mode) can refer to the wavelength of the signal radiated by the antenna. For example, the half-wavelength mode of a suspended metal antenna can generate resonance in the 1.575 GHz frequency band, where the wavelength in the half-wavelength mode refers to the wavelength of the signal radiated by the antenna in the 1.575 GHz frequency band. It should be understood that the wavelength of the radiated signal in air can be calculated as follows: wavelength = speed of light / frequency, where the frequency is the frequency of the radiated signal. The wavelength of the radiated signal in a medium can be calculated as follows: Where ε is the relative permittivity of the medium, and the frequency is the frequency of the radiated signal. The gaps and grooves in the above embodiments can be filled with an insulating medium.

[0072] Wavelength: or operating wavelength, can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming the center frequency of the B1 uplink band (resonant frequency from 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, then the operating wavelength can be the wavelength calculated using this frequency. Not limited to the center frequency, "operating wavelength" can also refer to the wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or operating frequency band.

[0073] The definitions of position and distance mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as "middle" or "middle position," are all relative to the current technological level, and not absolutely strict definitions in a mathematical sense. For example, the middle (position) of a conductor can be a section of the conductor including its midpoint, or a section of the conductor including its midpoint that is one-eighth of a wavelength. The wavelength can be the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band of the antenna, the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band, or the wavelength corresponding to the resonant point. As another example, the middle (position) of a conductor can be a section of the conductor that is less than a predetermined threshold (e.g., 1 mm, 2 mm, or 2.5 mm) from the midpoint.

[0074] The terms collinearity, coaxiality, coplanarity, symmetry (e.g., axial symmetry, or central symmetry), parallelism, perpendicularity, and similarity (e.g., same length, same width, etc.) mentioned in the embodiments of this application are all relative to the current technological level, and not absolute and strict mathematical definitions. For two collinear radiating stubs or two antenna elements, there may be a deviation in the line width direction less than a predetermined threshold (e.g., 1mm, 0.5m, or 0.1mm). For two coplanar radiating stubs or two antenna elements, there may be a deviation in the direction perpendicular to their coplanar plane less than a predetermined threshold (e.g., 1mm, 0.5m, or 0.1mm). For two parallel antenna elements, there may be a deviation of a predetermined angle (e.g., ±5°, ±10°). As long as the deviations are within the above ranges, they can be considered collinear or parallel.

[0075] The current unidirectional / reverse distribution mentioned in the embodiments of this application should be understood as the main currents on the same side of the conductor being in the same / reverse direction. For example, when a unidirectional distributed current is excited on a loop-shaped conductor (e.g., the current path is also loop-shaped), it should be understood that although the main currents excited on the conductors on both sides of the loop-shaped conductor (e.g., the conductors surrounding a gap, on the conductors on both sides of the gap) are in opposite directions, they still fall under the definition of unidirectional distributed current in this application. Antenna system efficiency (total efficiency): refers to the ratio of input power to output power at the antenna port.

[0076] Antenna radiation efficiency refers to the ratio of the power radiated into space by an antenna (i.e., the power effectively converted into electromagnetic waves) to the active power input to the antenna. Active power input to the antenna = antenna input power - loss power; loss power mainly includes return loss power and ohmic loss power of metals and / or dielectric loss power. Radiation efficiency is a measure of an antenna's radiation capability; metal loss and dielectric loss are both factors affecting radiation efficiency.

[0077] Those skilled in the art will understand that efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, and there is a corresponding conversion relationship between it and dB. The closer the efficiency is to 0dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna.

[0078] Antenna return loss: This can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port after passing through the antenna circuit to the transmit power at the antenna port. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the higher the antenna's radiation efficiency. Conversely, the larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the lower the antenna's radiation efficiency.

[0079] Antenna return loss can be represented by the S11 parameter, which is one of the S-parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, and this parameter characterizes the antenna's transmission efficiency. The S11 parameter is usually negative. The smaller the S11 parameter, the smaller the antenna return loss, the less energy the antenna reflects back, which means more energy actually enters the antenna, and the higher the antenna's system efficiency. Conversely, the larger the S11 parameter, the greater the antenna return loss, and the lower the antenna's system efficiency.

[0080] It should be noted that in engineering, an S11 value of -4dB is generally used as the standard. When the S11 value of an antenna is less than -4dB, it can be considered that the antenna can work normally or that the antenna has good transmission efficiency.

[0081] Specific absorption rate (SAR): This is a unit of measurement for how much radio frequency radiation energy is actually absorbed by the body. It is expressed in watts per kilogram (W / kg) or milliwatts per gram (mW / g). The precise definition of SAR is: the derivative of energy (dw) absorbed per unit volume (dv) of a given material density (ρ—human tissue density) with respect to time.

[0082] Ground (ground plane): can broadly refer to at least a portion of any grounding layer, ground plane, or grounding metal layer within an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), or at least a portion of any combination of any of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding components. "Ground" can be used for grounding components within an electronic device. In one embodiment, "ground" can be the grounding layer of a circuit board in an electronic device, or a grounding metal layer formed by a ground plane formed within the frame of the electronic device or a metal film formed beneath the screen. In one embodiment, the circuit board can be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12-14-layer board having 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or components separated and electrically insulated by dielectric or insulating layers such as fiberglass or polymers. In one embodiment, the circuit board includes a dielectric substrate, a grounding layer, and a trace layer, with the trace layer and grounding layer electrically connected via vias. In one embodiment, components such as displays, touchscreens, input buttons, transmitters, processors, memory, batteries, charging circuits, and system-on-chip (SoC) architectures can be mounted on or connected to a circuit board; or electrically connected to trace layers and / or ground layers in the circuit board. For example, an RF source is disposed on a trace layer.

[0083] Any of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding metal layers are made of conductive materials. In one embodiment, the conductive material may be any of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil on an insulating substrate and tin-plated copper, graphite-impregnated cloth, graphite-coated substrates, copper-plated substrates, brass-plated substrates, and aluminum-plated substrates. Those skilled in the art will understand that grounding layers / ground planes / grounding metal layers may also be made of other conductive materials.

[0084] The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are applicable to electronic devices employing one or more of the following communication technologies: Bluetooth (BT) communication technology, Global Positioning System (GPS) communication technology, Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) communication technology, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) communication technology, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) communication technology, Long Term Evolution (LTE) communication technology, 5G communication technology, and other future communication technologies. The electronic devices in the embodiments of this application can be mobile phones, tablets, laptops, smart home devices, smart bracelets, smartwatches, smart helmets, smart glasses, etc. Electronic devices can also be cellular phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDAs), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, in-vehicle devices, electronic devices in 5G networks, or electronic devices in future evolved public land mobile networks (PLMNs), etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited thereto. Figure 1 An electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application is illustrated, with a mobile phone as an example.

[0085] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0086] like Figure 1 As shown, the electronic device 10 may include: a cover 13, a display / module 15, a printed circuit board (PCB) 17, a middle frame 19, and a rear cover 21. It should be understood that in some embodiments, the cover 13 may be a glass cover, but it may also be replaced with a cover made of other materials, such as an ultra-thin glass cover, a PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) cover, etc.

[0087] The cover plate 13 can be set close to the display module 15, and can be mainly used to protect and prevent dust from the display module 15.

[0088] In one embodiment, the display module 15 may include a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display panel, or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel, etc., and this application does not limit it.

[0089] The middle frame 19 mainly serves to support the entire machine. Figure 1 The diagram shows PCB 17 positioned between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21. It should be understood that in one embodiment, PCB 17 may also be positioned between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15; this application does not impose any limitations on this. The printed circuit board PCB 17 can be made of flame-retardant material (FR-4) dielectric substrate, Rogers dielectric substrate, or a hybrid dielectric substrate of Rogers and FR-4, etc. Here, FR-4 is a designation for a flame-retardant material grade, and Rogers dielectric substrate is a high-frequency board. Electronic components, such as radio frequency chips, are carried on PCB 17. In one embodiment, a metal layer may be provided on the printed circuit board PCB 17. This metal layer can be used for grounding the electronic components carried on the printed circuit board PCB 17, or for grounding other components, such as bracket antennas, frame antennas, etc. This metal layer can be called a ground plane, grounding plate, or grounding layer. In one embodiment, this metal layer can be formed by etching metal onto the surface of any dielectric substrate in PCB 17. In one embodiment, the grounding metal layer can be located on the side of the printed circuit board PCB 17 near the middle frame 19. In one embodiment, the edge of the printed circuit board PCB 17 can be considered as the edge of its ground plane. In one embodiment, the metal frame 19 can also be used for grounding the aforementioned components. The electronic device 10 may also have other ground planes / grounding layers, as previously described, and will not be repeated here.

[0090] The electronic device 10 may also include a battery (not shown in the figure). The battery may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21, or between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15; this application does not impose any limitations on this. In some embodiments, the PCB 17 is divided into a motherboard and a daughterboard, and the battery may be disposed between the motherboard and the daughterboard. The motherboard may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the upper edge of the battery, and the daughterboard may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the lower edge of the battery.

[0091] The electronic device 10 may also include a bezel 11, which may be formed of a conductive material such as metal. The bezel 11 may be disposed between the display module 15 and the back cover 21 and extend circumferentially around the periphery of the electronic device 10. The bezel 11 may have four sides surrounding the display module 15 to help secure the display module 15. In one implementation, the bezel 11 made of metal can be directly used as the metal bezel of the electronic device 10, forming a metal bezel appearance suitable for industrial design (ID). In another implementation, the outer surface of the bezel 11 may also be made of a non-metallic material, such as a plastic bezel, forming a non-metallic bezel appearance suitable for non-metallic ID.

[0092] The middle frame 19 may include the frame 11. The middle frame 19, including the frame 11, is a single unit that supports the electronic components in the device. The cover plate 13 and the rear cover 21 respectively cover the upper and lower edges of the frame to form the housing of the electronic device. In one embodiment, the cover plate 13, the rear cover 21, the frame 11, and / or the middle frame 19 may be collectively referred to as the housing of the electronic device 10. It should be understood that "housing" may refer to part or all of any one of the cover plate 13, the rear cover 21, the frame 11, or the middle frame 19, or to any combination of the cover plate 13, the rear cover 21, the frame 11, or the middle frame 19.

[0093] Alternatively, the frame 11 may not be considered part of the middle frame 19. In one embodiment, the frame 11 may be connected to and integrally formed with the middle frame 19. In another embodiment, the frame 11 may include inwardly extending protrusions to connect with the middle frame 19, for example, by means of spring clips, screws, welding, etc. The protrusions of the frame 11 can also be used to receive feed signals, so that at least a portion of the frame 11 acts as a radiator of the antenna to transmit / receive radio frequency signals. A gap 42 may exist between this portion of the frame acting as the radiator and the middle frame 30, thereby ensuring that the antenna radiator has a good radiation environment, enabling the antenna to have good signal transmission capabilities.

[0094] The back cover 21 can be made of metal or non-conductive material, such as glass or plastic.

[0095] Figure 1 The electronic device 10 is shown only schematically, and the actual shape, size, and construction of these components are not subject to change. Figure 1 limited.

[0096] It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the side where the display screen of the electronic device is located can be considered as the front, the side where the back cover is located as the back, and the side where the frame is located as the side.

[0097] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of this application, when a user holds (typically vertically and facing the screen) an electronic device, the orientation of the electronic device is considered to have a top, bottom, left side, and right side.

[0098] First, by Figure 2 and Figure 3 This paper introduces four antenna modes involved in the embodiments of this application. Among them, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the common-mode structure of a linear antenna and the corresponding current and electric field distribution provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the differential mode structure of another wire antenna provided in this application embodiment, and the corresponding current and electric field distribution.

[0099] 1. Common mode (CM) mode of linear antenna

[0100] Figure 2 Figure (a) shows the radiator of the line antenna 40 connected to ground (e.g., a floor, which could be a PCB) via a feed line 42. The line antenna 40 is connected to a feed element (not shown) at a midpoint 41, employing symmetrical feeding. The feed element can be connected to the midpoint 41 of the line antenna 40 via the feed line 42. It should be understood that symmetrical feeding can be understood as one end of the feed element being connected to the radiator and the other end being grounded, wherein the connection point between the feed element and the radiator (the feed point) is located at the center of the radiator, which could be, for example, the midpoint of the assembly structure, or the midpoint of the electrical length (or a region within a certain range near the aforementioned midpoint).

[0101] The middle position 41 of the line antenna 40 may be, for example, the geometric center of the line antenna, or the midpoint of the electrical length of the radiator, such as the connection point between the feed line 42 and the line antenna 40, which covers the middle position 41.

[0102] Figure 2 (b) shows the current and electric field distribution of the wire antenna 40. Figure 2 As shown in (b), the current exhibits a symmetrical distribution on both sides of the central position 41, for example, a reverse distribution; the electric field exhibits a unidirectional distribution on both sides of the central position 41. Figure 2 As shown in (b), the current at feeder line 42 exhibits a unidirectional distribution. Based on the unidirectional current distribution at feeder line 42, Figure 2 The type of feed shown in (a) can be called the CM feed for a wire antenna. This is based on the symmetrical distribution of current on both sides of the connection between the radiator and the feed line 42. Figure 2 The line antenna mode shown in (b) can be called the CM mode of the line antenna (or simply the CM line antenna). Figure 2The current and electric field shown in (b) can be referred to as the current and electric field of the CM mode of the linear antenna, respectively.

[0103] The current and electric field in CM mode of the line antenna are generated by the two stubs (e.g., two horizontal stubs) on either side of the center position 41 of the line antenna 40 as an antenna operating in quarter-wavelength mode. The current is strong at the center position 41 of the line antenna 40 and weak at both ends of the line antenna 40. The electric field is weak at the center position 41 of the line antenna 40 and strong at both ends of the line antenna 40.

[0104] 2. Differential mode (DM) of a linear antenna

[0105] like Figure 3 Image (a) shows two radiators of a line antenna 50 connected to ground (e.g., a floor, which could be a PCB) via a feed line 52. The line antenna 50 has a feed element at a midpoint 51 between the two radiators, employing an anti-symmetrical feed. One end of the feed element is connected to one of the radiators via the feed line 52, and the other end is connected to the other radiator via the feed line 52. The midpoint 51 can be the geometric center of the line antenna, or the gap formed between the radiators.

[0106] It should be understood that antisymmetric feeding can be interpreted as the positive and negative poles of the feeding unit being connected to the two ends of the radiator, respectively. The signals output from the positive and negative poles of the feeding unit have the same amplitude but opposite phase, for example, a phase difference of 180°±10°.

[0107] Figure 3 (b) shows the current and electric field distribution of the wire antenna 50. Figure 3 As shown in (b), the current in the linear antenna 50 exhibits an asymmetrical distribution on both sides of the central position 51, for example, a unidirectional distribution; the electric field exhibits a reverse distribution on both sides of the central position 51. Figure 3 As shown in (b), the current at feeder line 52 exhibits a reverse distribution. Based on the reverse current distribution at feeder line 52, Figure 3 The type of feed shown in (a) can be called a DM feed for a wire antenna. This is based on the fact that the current exhibits an asymmetrical distribution (e.g., unidirectional distribution) on both sides of the connection between the radiator and the feed line 52. Figure 3 The line antenna mode shown in (b) can be called the DM mode of the line antenna (or simply the DM line antenna). Figure 3 The current and electric field shown in (b) can be referred to as the current and electric field of the DM mode of the wire antenna, respectively.

[0108] The current and electric field of the line antenna in DM mode are generated by the entire line antenna 50 operating in half-wavelength mode. The current is strong at the middle position 51 of the line antenna 50 and weak at both ends. The electric field is weak at the middle position 51 of the line antenna 50 and strong at both ends.

[0109] It should be understood that the radiator of a linear antenna can be understood as a metal structural component that generates radiation, and its quantity can be one, such as... Figure 2 As shown, or, it can be two items, such as Figure 3 As shown, adjustments can be made according to actual design or production needs. For example, for the CM mode of a wire antenna, it can also be adjusted as follows: Figure 3 The diagram illustrates the use of two radiators, positioned opposite each other with a gap between them. Symmetrical feeding is employed at the two ends closest to each other; for example, feeding the same feed source signal into both ends of the two radiators can achieve the same result as... Figure 2 The antenna structure shown achieves a similar effect. Correspondingly, for the DM mode of a line antenna, it can also be done as follows... Figure 2 The diagram illustrates a radiator with two feed points positioned at its center, using an anti-symmetrical feeding method. For example, by feeding signals of the same amplitude but opposite phase to the two symmetrical feed points on the radiator, a signal similar to [the one described above] can be obtained. Figure 3 The antenna structure shown has a similar effect.

[0110] In traditional CM and DM mode antenna designs, the resonant frequencies of the half-wavelength mode (first-order mode), double-wavelength mode (second-order mode), and third-wavelength mode (third-order mode) exhibit a harmonic relationship. For example, the resonant frequency of the half-wavelength mode is around 1 GHz, while the resonant frequencies of the double-wavelength mode and the third-wavelength mode are around 2 GHz and 3 GHz, respectively. Therefore, the bandwidth corresponding to a single resonance of the antenna is relatively narrow. Furthermore, in DM mode antennas, an efficiency dip occurs within the resonant frequency band, affecting antenna performance.

[0111] This application provides an electronic device including multiple radiators. In one embodiment, the multiple radiators serve as at least part of the antenna structure of the electronic device. By utilizing the gaps formed between the multiple radiators, the frequencies of the resonant bands of multiple-order CM modes and multiple-order DM modes generated by the antenna structure are adjusted, bringing the frequencies of the resonant bands of the multiple-order CM modes and the multiple-order DM modes closer together, thereby realizing a broadband antenna that meets the needs of multiple communication frequency bands.

[0112] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0113] like Figure 4 As shown, the antenna structure 100 may include a first radiator 110, a second radiator 120 and a third radiator 130, which serve as radiators of the antenna structure 100.

[0114] The first radiator 110 may be disposed between the second radiator 120 and the third radiator 130. The first end 111 of the first radiator 110 is opposite to and does not contact the first end 121 of the second radiator 120, forming a first gap 140 between them. The second end 112 of the first radiator 110 is opposite to and does not contact the first end 131 of the third radiator 130, forming a second gap 150 between them. The first radiator 110 is provided with a feed point 113 and a ground point 114. The ground point 114 is disposed in the central region 115. The ground point 114 is used for electrical connection with the ground plane 170 to ground the antenna structure 100. The feed point 113 is disposed between the central region 115 and the first end 111 of the first radiator 110. In one embodiment, the electronic device further includes a feed unit 160. Feed point 113 is used to electrically connect to feed unit 160 to feed the radiators. In one embodiment, the feed unit may be part of antenna structure 100. When an electrical signal is fed into the feed point, the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120, and the third radiator 130 together generate at least one resonance.

[0115] In the technical solution provided in this application embodiment, by setting the feed point 113 at a position off-center from the central region 115, both the CM mode and DM mode of the antenna structure 100 can be excited simultaneously. Simultaneously, by adjusting the parameters of the antenna structure, the resonant frequency bands generated by the multi-order resonant modes in the CM mode (e.g., half-wavelength mode, three-half-wavelength mode, etc.) and the resonant frequency bands generated by the multi-order resonant modes in the DM mode (e.g., half-wavelength mode, three-half-wavelength mode, etc.) are brought closer together, thereby expanding the bandwidth of the antenna structure 100 through the adjacent resonant frequency bands generated by multiple resonant modes.

[0116] The "central region" mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be understood as the central region of the radiator, the region formed at a certain distance from the midpoint of all radiators of the antenna structure. For example, with Figure 4Taking the antenna structure shown as an example, the radiators include a first radiator 110, a second radiator 120, and a third radiator 130. The midpoint of the radiator can be the geometric center of the radiator (the lengths of the radiators on both sides of the midpoint are the same, that is, the lengths of the first radiator 110 on both sides of the midpoint are the same as the sum of the lengths of the second radiator 120 and the third radiator 130). Alternatively, the midpoint of the radiator can also be the midpoint of the radiator's electrical length (the electrical lengths of the radiators on both sides of the midpoint are the same, that is, the electrical lengths of the first radiator 110 on both sides of the midpoint are the same as the sum of the electrical lengths of the second radiator 120 and the third radiator 130). For example, when the lengths of the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120, and the third radiator 130 are all of the first length, their central region 115 can be a region within one-eighth of the first length from the midpoint of the radiator.

[0117] Alternatively, the "central region" mentioned in this embodiment can be understood as the central region of the first radiator 110, the region formed at a certain distance from the midpoint of the first radiator 110. For example, with Figure 4 Taking the antenna structure shown as an example, the midpoint of the first radiator 110 can be the geometric center (the lengths of the first radiators 110 on both sides of the midpoint are the same). Alternatively, the midpoint of the first radiator 110 can also be the midpoint of the electrical length of the first radiator 110 (the electrical lengths of the first radiators 110 on both sides of the midpoint are the same).

[0118] Meanwhile, according to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the first end 111 of the first radiator 110 cannot be narrowly interpreted as necessarily being a point. It can also be considered as a segment of the first radiator 110 including its endpoint (the endpoint of the first radiator 110 can be any point on the edge of the first radiator 110). For example, the first end 111 can be considered as a radiator within one-eighth of the first wavelength from the endpoint, or it can be considered as a radiator within 5 mm from the endpoint. The second end 112 of the first radiator 110, the first end 121 of the second radiator 120, and the first end 131 of the third radiator 130 can also be understood accordingly.

[0119] In one embodiment, the second and third radiators may not have feed points and ground points, making the antenna structure 100 simpler and easier to place in electronic devices.

[0120] In one embodiment, when an electrical signal is fed into the feed point, the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120, and the third radiator 130 jointly generate a first resonance (half-wavelength mode in CM mode), a second resonance (half-wavelength mode in DM mode), a third resonance (three-half-wavelength mode in CM mode), and a fourth resonance (three-half-wavelength mode in DM mode).

[0121] In one embodiment, the resonant frequency bands of any two adjacent resonators among the first, second, third, and fourth resonators partially overlap to extend the operating bandwidth of the antenna structure 100. Partial overlap of resonant frequency bands between adjacent resonators can be understood as follows: for example, the resonant frequency bands of the first and second resonators are adjacent or close to each other. In one embodiment, a resonant frequency band can be understood as the resonant frequency range where S11 < -4dB; partial overlap of resonant frequency bands can be understood as the existence of partial frequency overlap between two resonant frequency ranges where S11 < -4dB. For example, the resonant frequency band of the first resonator includes B35 (1.85-1.91GHz) in LTE, and the resonant frequency band of the second resonator includes B39 (1.88-1.92GHz) in LTE. The frequency of the second resonator is lower than that of the third resonator, and the resonant frequency bands of the second and third resonators partially overlap. In one embodiment, the formation of a first gap 140 between the first end 111 of the first radiator 110 and the first end 121 of the second radiator 120 can be understood as the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 being disposed in the same plane (e.g., coplanar), with the end of the first end 111 of the first radiator 110 facing the end of the first end 121 of the second radiator 120 to form the first gap 140.

[0122] For example, in one embodiment, the antenna structure 100 may include a frame antenna, such as Figure 5 As shown. A portion of the frame 11 of the electronic device has a first position 101, a second position 102, a third position 103, and a fourth position 104 sequentially. The frame 11 between the first position 101 and the second position 102 serves as a second radiator 120, the frame 11 between the second position 102 and the third position 103 serves as a first radiator 110, and the frame 11 between the third position 103 and the fourth position 104 serves as a third radiator 130. A first gap 140 is formed at the second position 102 of the frame 11, that is, a first gap 140 is formed between the end face of the first end 111 of the first radiator 110 and the end face of the first end 121 of the second radiator 120. A second gap 150 is formed at the third position 103 of the frame 11, that is, a second gap 150 is formed between the end face of the second end 112 of the first radiator 110 and the end face of the first end 131 of the third radiator 130.

[0123] In one embodiment, the ground plane 170 may be a metal layer in a PCB. A first dielectric material may be disposed between the radiators / radiating portions of the antenna structure 100 (e.g., the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120, and the third radiator 130) and the PCB. For example, in one embodiment, the first dielectric material may be FR-4 as mentioned above, to enhance the mechanical strength of the radiating portions of the antenna structure 100. Furthermore, as the dielectric constant of the first dielectric material increases, the length of the radiating portions (first radiator 110, second radiator 120, and third radiator 130) of the antenna structure 100 can be further reduced while keeping the electrical length of the radiating portions constant, thereby reducing the volume occupied by the radiating portions of the antenna structure 100.

[0124] Alternatively, in one embodiment, the antenna structure 100 may include a PCB antenna, such as Figure 6 As shown. The PCB 17 of the electronic device includes a first dielectric substrate 171 and a second dielectric substrate 172 stacked together. A first radiator 110 is disposed between the first dielectric substrate 171 and the second dielectric substrate 172, a second radiator 120 is disposed on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate 171, and a third radiator 130 is disposed on the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate 172. The first end 111 of the first radiator 110 and the first end 121 of the second radiator 120 at least partially overlap in a first direction, forming a first gap 140 in the first direction. The second end 112 of the first radiator 110 and the first end 131 of the third radiator 130 at least partially overlap in a first direction, forming a second gap 150 in the first direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the plane containing the first radiator.

[0125] It should be understood that the terms "upper surface" and "lower surface" in the embodiments of this application are used only as examples, and "upper" and "lower" are only relative concepts in space, and are not limited to specific locations in actual applications. Furthermore, the PCB may also include other dielectric boards stacked together. For example, the PCB includes a first dielectric board, a second dielectric board, and a third dielectric board stacked sequentially. The second radiator may be disposed between the first and second dielectric boards, the first radiator between the second and third dielectric boards, and the third radiator disposed on the lower surface of the third dielectric board. Alternatively, adjustments may be made according to actual production or design needs, and this application does not limit this.

[0126] In one embodiment, antenna structure 100 may also include other types of antennas, such as antenna on display (AOD), bracket antenna, laser-direct-structuring (LDS) antenna, flexible printed circuit (FPC) antenna, or floating metal (FLM) antenna. This application does not limit the type of antenna structure, and for the sake of simplicity, they will not be described in detail.

[0127] Furthermore, due to increasingly limited space within electronic devices, the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120, and the third radiator 130 may not necessarily be arranged in a straight line (e.g., collinear), and may instead be bent along the internal space of the electronic device. For example, when the antenna structure 100 includes a frame antenna, the first radiator 110 may be arranged along the bending of the frame, such as... Figure 7 As shown. Alternatively, the second radiator 120 and the third radiator 130 can also be bent, and this application does not limit this.

[0128] In one embodiment, the second radiator 120 and the third radiator 130 may have the same length. Furthermore, in one embodiment, the first slot 140 and the second slot 150 may have the same width. In this case, the second radiator 120 and the third radiator 130 are along a virtual axis of the first radiator 110 (the lengths of the first radiators 110 on both sides of the virtual axis are the same). As the symmetry of the radiating portion of the antenna structure 100 increases, the radiation characteristics of the antenna structure 100 (e.g., bandwidth, gain, etc.) increase accordingly. In one embodiment, in practical applications, due to manufacturing errors or the internal layout of the electronic device, the length difference between the second radiator 120 and the third radiator 130 may be within 10%, which can be understood as the second radiator 120 and the third radiator 130 having the same length; similarly, the width difference between the first slot 140 and the second slot 150 may be within 10%, which can be understood as the first slot 140 and the second slot 150 having the same width.

[0129] In one embodiment, by adjusting the parameters of the first slot 140 and the second slot 150, the energy coupled to the second radiator 120 and the third radiator 130 from the first radiator 110 can be adjusted, thereby controlling the radiator characteristics of the antenna structure 100. The first slot 140 formed by the first end 111 of the first radiator 110 and the first end 121 of the second radiator 120, and the second slot 150 formed by the second end 112 of the first radiator 110 and the first end 131 of the third radiator 130, can be equivalent to a capacitor. The formula for calculating the capacitance value is as follows:

[0130]

[0131] Wherein, ε is the dielectric constant of the medium between the two plates of the capacitor (radiators on both sides of the gap); δ is the absolute dielectric constant in vacuum; k is the electrostatic constant; S is the area of ​​the two plates facing each other, which is the area of ​​the side radiators on both sides of the gap in the embodiment of this application; d is the vertical distance between the two plates, which is the width of the first gap or the second gap in the embodiment of this application.

[0132] In one embodiment, as can be seen from the above formula, the capacitance value of the first slit or the second slit can be changed in the following ways to control the energy coupled to the first radiator 110 by the second radiator 120 and the third radiator 130: (1) A second medium is provided in the first slit 140 and the second slit 150. (2) The width of the first slit 140 and the second slit 150 is adjusted. (3) The facing area of ​​the radiators on both sides of the first slit 140 and the second slit 150 is adjusted.

[0133] Alternatively, in one embodiment, capacitors may be provided in both the first gap 140 and the second gap 150, with the two ends of the capacitors electrically connected to the radiators on both sides of the gap, so as to change the capacitance value of the first gap 140 and the second gap 150.

[0134] It should be understood that the capacitance values ​​of the first slot 140 and the second slot 150 are related to the frequency of the antenna structure's operating frequency band and can be adjusted according to actual design or production requirements. This application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0135] In one embodiment, the electronic device may further include a grounding element 173. In one embodiment, a grounding element 173 may be provided between the grounding point 114 and the floor 170, such as... Figure 4 As shown. In one embodiment, grounding element 173 can be part of antenna structure 100. One end of grounding element 173 is electrically connected to the first radiator 110 at grounding point 114, and the other end of grounding element 173 is electrically connected to ground 170. Grounding element 173 can be used to adjust the radiation characteristics of antenna structure 100, such as the frequency of the resonant point generated by antenna structure 100. In one embodiment, grounding element 173 can be at least one of capacitor or inductor. For example, grounding element 173 can be a capacitor with a capacitance value between 0.1pF and 100pF, for example, between 1pF and 50pF. The capacitance value can be adjusted according to actual production or design. Alternatively, grounding element 173 can also be an impedance network composed of multiple electronic components, which is not limited in this application.

[0136] In one embodiment, the electronic device further includes a matching network 174. In one embodiment, the matching network 174 may be positioned between the power supply point 113 and the power supply unit 160, such as... Figure 4 As shown. In one embodiment, the matching network 174 can be part of the antenna structure 100. One end of the feed unit 160 is electrically connected to the first radiator 110 at the feed point 113, and the other end of the feed unit 160 is electrically connected to the feed unit 160. The matching network 174 can be used to match the electrical signal in the feed unit 160 with the impedance characteristics of the radiating portion of the antenna structure 100, minimizing the transmission loss and distortion of the electrical signal to improve the radiation characteristics of the antenna structure 100. In one embodiment, the matching network 174 can include at least one of a capacitor, an inductor, or a resistor. For example, it can be in the form of a capacitor connected in parallel and then in series. This application does not limit the specific form of the matching network 174.

[0137] In one embodiment, the operating frequency band of the antenna structure 100 may include a frequency band less than 6 GHz (sub6 GHz) in the 5G frequency band, such as the N77 (3.3 GHz–4.2 GHz) band or the N79 (4.4 GHz–5.0 GHz) band.

[0138] Figure 8 and Figure 9 This is a set of antenna structures provided in the embodiments of this application. Among them, Figure 8 The antenna structure shown is antenna structure 101 provided in the embodiment of this application. Figure 9 The antenna structure shown is antenna structure 102 for comparison.

[0139] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, for antenna structures 101 and 102, the radiating portions of both antenna structures 101 and 102 use copper as the conductor material, with a conductivity of 5.8 × 10⁻⁶. 7 The structural difference between antenna structure 101 and antenna structure 102 lies only in that antenna structure 101 has a slot in its radiating portion, dividing the radiating portion into a first radiator, a second radiator, and a third radiator. Simultaneously, in antenna structure 101, the second and third radiators couple energy through the first and second slots. Therefore, in this embodiment, the facing area of ​​the radiators on both sides of the first and second slots is 3mm². 2 .

[0140] As an example Figure 8 The parameters of the antenna structure 101 shown in the simulation diagram are shown in Table 1 below:

[0141] Table 1

[0142] 17.5mm 18.4mm 17.5mm 0.8mm 0.8mm D1 D2 W1 W2 L4 2mm 3.3mm 1mm 75mm 155mm C1 C2 C3 Dielectric constant Loss tangent 15pF 0.3pF 1.5pF 4.43 0.005

[0143] Where L1 is the length of the second radiator, L2 is the length of the first radiator, L3 is the length of the third radiator, g1 is the width of the first slot, g2 is the width of the second slot, D1 is the distance between the radiator of the antenna structure and the ground (GND), D2 is the distance between the grounding point and the feed point, W1 is the width of the radiator of the antenna structure, W2 is the width of the ground, and L4 is the length of the ground. C1 is the capacitance value of the grounding element connected in series between the grounding point and the ground, and C2 and C3 are the capacitance values ​​in the matching network connected in series between the feed element and the feed point. It should be understood that C1, C2, and C3 represent one case of grounding elements and matching networks used to adjust the radiation characteristics of antenna structure 101. The grounding elements and matching networks in antenna structure 102 can also be adjusted accordingly to make the resonant frequency bands of antenna structure 101 and antenna structure 102 similar, facilitating comparison. The dielectric constant and loss tangent are parameters of the medium between the radiating part and the ground.

[0144] It should be understood that the parameters of the antenna structure 101 described above are for illustrative purposes only. This application does not limit the specific parameters of the antenna structure, and they can be adjusted according to actual design or production needs.

[0145] Figure 10 yes Figure 8 and Figure 9 The diagram shows the distribution of resonances generated by the antenna structure shown.

[0146] like Figure 10 As shown in (a) in the figure, Figure 9 The diagram shows the frequency spectrum of the resonance generated by the antenna structure 102. The resonant frequencies of the antenna structure 102 in the half-wavelength mode (first-order mode) and the three-half-wavelength mode (third-order mode) in CM mode and DM mode have a harmonic relationship. The resonant frequency bands generated by the first-order mode and the resonant frequency bands generated by the third-order mode are far apart.

[0147] like Figure 10 As shown in (b) in the figure, Figure 8 The diagram shows the frequency spectrum of the resonance generated by the antenna structure 101. The antenna structure 101 brings the resonant frequencies of the half-wavelength mode (first-order mode) and the three-half-wavelength mode (third-order mode) in CM mode and DM mode closer together, eliminating the harmonic relationship, thereby realizing a broadband antenna that meets the needs of multiple communication frequency bands.

[0148] Figure 11 and Figure 12 yes Figure 8 and Figure 9 The diagram shows a simulation of the antenna structure. Among them, Figure 11 yes Figure 8 and Figure 9 The simulation results of the antenna structure shown are illustrated in Figure S11. Figure 12 yes Figure 8 and Figure 9 The simulation results of the antenna structure's radiation efficiency and total efficiency are shown in the figure.

[0149] It should be understood that, Figure 10 The schematic diagram of the spectrum generated by the antenna structures shown illustrates the resonances produced by antenna structures 101 and 102 under the same parameters (e.g., radiator length, matching or grounding elements, etc.). Figure 11 and Figure 12 In the simulation diagram shown, to facilitate the comparison of the performance of the antenna structures, the parameters of antenna structure 101 and antenna structure 102 can be adjusted so that the resonant frequency band of the low-order mode of antenna structure 101 is the same as that of antenna structure 102.

[0150] like Figure 11 As shown, Figure 8 The antenna structure shown and Figure 9 The antenna structures shown have the same starting position for resonance, around 2.6 GHz.

[0151] Figure 9 The antenna structure shown generates two resonances in the 2GHz-6GHz range because the resonant frequencies of the half-wavelength mode (first-order mode) and the three-half-wavelength mode (third-order mode) have a harmonic relationship. This corresponds to the half-wavelength modes of the CM and DM modes.

[0152] and Figure 8 The antenna structure shown can be modified by adjusting the parameters of the antenna structure to bring the resonant frequency bands generated by the multi-order resonant modes (e.g., half-wavelength mode, three-wavelength mode, etc.) closer to each other. Therefore, four resonants (first resonant, second resonant, third resonant and fourth resonant) can be generated in the 2GHz-6GHz range. These can correspond to the half-wavelength modes of CM mode and DM mode, as well as the three-wavelength modes of CM mode and DM mode, respectively. The working bandwidth of the antenna structure can be extended by utilizing multiple resonant frequency bands.

[0153] Using S11 < -4dB as the boundary, Figure 8 The antenna structure shown utilizes two additional high-frequency resonant modes (CM mode and three-half wavelength mode within DM mode), and the resonant frequency bands of any two adjacent resonators of the first, second, third, and fourth resonators partially overlap, thus increasing its operating bandwidth compared to... Figure 9The antenna structure shown has twice the operating bandwidth, which can meet the needs of more communication frequency bands.

[0154] like Figure 12 As shown, Figure 8 The antenna structure shown and Figure 9 The radiation efficiency of the antenna structures shown is close. However, for system efficiency, Figure 9 The antenna structure shown drops rapidly at frequencies above 3.1 GHz, resulting in an efficiency dip. Figure 8 The antenna structure shown increases the flatness of the system efficiency in the 3.1 GHz–4.5 GHz range by introducing two high-frequency resonant modes (CM mode and three-half wavelength mode in DM mode).

[0155] Using system efficiency > -3dB as the threshold Figure 8 The system efficiency bandwidth of the antenna structure shown is comparable to... Figure 9 The antenna structure shown has twice the bandwidth of the system efficiency, which can meet the needs of more communication frequency bands.

[0156] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0157] like Figure 13 As shown in (a) in the figure, Figure 8 The current distribution diagram of the antenna structure shown is in the half-wavelength mode of CM mode. Its current zero point is located at the ground point, and the current is symmetrically distributed along the ground point.

[0158] like Figure 13 As shown in (b) in the figure, Figure 8 The current distribution diagram of the antenna structure shown in the three-half wavelength mode of CM mode has the current zero point located at the ground point and on both sides of the ground point, and the current is symmetrically distributed along the ground point.

[0159] for Figure 13 Regarding the current distribution shown in (a), due to the first gap between the first and second radiators and the second gap between the first and third radiators, the current in the radiating portion is coupled and transmitted through the gaps between the radiators. Compared to the case where the current is transmitted entirely within the radiators without gap coupling, the current transmission path is shortened, and the corresponding electrical length is shortened, causing the resonant frequency band to shift to higher frequencies, closer to the resonant frequency band generated by the three-half wavelength mode. Simultaneously, because the current is coupled and transmitted through the gaps between the radiators, the resonance generated by the three-half wavelength mode is also affected by the gaps. However, higher-order modes (three-half wavelength modes) are less affected than lower-order modes (one-half wavelength modes). Generally, the resonant frequency band generated by lower-order modes has a larger frequency shift range than that generated by higher-order modes.

[0160] Theoretically, the closer the slot is to the current-strong point in the resonant mode of the antenna structure, the more dispersed the current at that point will be, thus having a greater impact on the resonant mode. Similarly, the closer the slot is to the current-zero point in the resonant mode, the less impact it has on the current distribution, and therefore, the less impact it has on the resonant mode.

[0161] It should be understood that the radiating portion of an antenna structure inherently possesses multiple excitation modes, such as (N-1 / 2) wavelength modes and N-times wavelength modes, where N is a positive integer. As long as the input impedance and the impedance of the excitation source remain consistent, the corresponding mode can be excited. In the embodiments of this application, the generation of (N-1 / 2) wavelength modes by the antenna structure is used for illustration, such as half-wavelength modes, three-half-wavelength modes, etc. This is because the boundary conditions for (N-1 / 2) wavelength modes and N-times wavelength modes are different. Figure 13 As shown, for the (N-1 / 2) wavelength mode in CM mode, the ground point of the radiating part of the antenna structure is the current zero point, while the current zero point of the N-times wavelength mode is not located at this position. Therefore, in one embodiment, the N-times wavelength mode of the antenna structure can be excited by changing the boundary conditions of the antenna structure. For example, a filter can be connected in series between the ground point and the ground plane, so that the antenna structure operates in the (N-1 / 2) wavelength mode with bandpass characteristics (i.e., the filter is conducting), and the antenna structure operates in the N-times wavelength mode with bandstop characteristics (i.e., the filter is not conducting). This allows for the simultaneous excitation of both the N-times wavelength mode and the (N-1 / 2) wavelength mode. In one embodiment, the filter can be a surface acoustic wave (SAW) filter, a bulk acoustic wave (BAW) filter, or a film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR) filter. Other types of filters are also possible, and this application does not impose any limitations on this comparison.

[0162] Figure 14 This is a simulation result diagram of S11 for antenna structures with different slot widths provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0163] It should be understood that the simulation results provided in this embodiment are exemplified by the first gap having the same width and the second gap having the same width. In actual applications, the widths of the first gap and the second gap may be different, and this application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0164] like Figure 14As shown, as the width of the first and second slits on both sides of the first radiator gradually increases from 0.6 mm to 1.0 mm, the frequency of the resonant band generated by the half-wavelength mode (CM mode and DM mode) continuously moves towards higher frequencies, gradually approaching the resonant band generated by the three-half-wavelength mode (CM mode and DM mode).

[0165] And in Figure 14 In the simulation results shown, the frequencies of the resonant bands generated by the three-half wavelength modes (CM mode and DM mode) remain essentially unchanged. By adjusting the widths of the first and second slots, the frequency interval between the resonant bands generated by the one-half wavelength mode and the three-half wavelength mode can be effectively controlled to form the required operating bandwidth of the antenna structure.

[0166] It should be understood that, in this embodiment, by adjusting the widths of the first and second slits, the capacitance values ​​of the equivalent capacitors of the first and second slits are changed, thereby controlling the coupling between the radiators and effectively controlling the frequency interval between the resonant frequency bands generated by the half-wavelength mode and the three-half-wavelength mode. In practical applications, the capacitance values ​​of the equivalent capacitors of the first and second slits can also be adjusted by setting a second dielectric within the first and second slits, adjusting the facing area of ​​the radiators on both sides of the first and second slits, or by setting capacitors within both the first and second slits. This application does not impose any limitations on this approach.

[0167] Figure 15 This is a simulation result diagram of S11 for antenna structures with different electrical parameters of the grounding element provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0168] It should be understood that, for the sake of brevity, the simulation results provided in this embodiment use a capacitor as an example for the grounding element. In actual applications, the grounding element can also be at least one of a capacitor, an inductor, or a resistor, or the grounding element can also be an impedance network composed of multiple electronic components (capacitors, inductors, or resistors). This application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0169] like Figure 15 As shown, as the capacitance of the grounding element gradually increases from 10pF to 30pF, the frequency of the resonant band generated by the CM mode (half-wavelength mode and three-half-wavelength mode) continuously shifts to lower frequencies.

[0170] And in Figure 15In the simulation results shown, the frequencies of the resonant bands generated by the DM modes (half-wavelength mode and three-half-wavelength mode) remain essentially unchanged. By adjusting the capacitance value of the grounding element, the frequency interval between the resonant bands generated by the CM mode and the DM mode can be effectively controlled to form the required operating bandwidth of the antenna structure.

[0171] It should be understood that the above characteristics are due to the fact that in CM mode, the current is zero at the connection point between the grounding element and the first radiator (grounding point), such as... Figure 13 As shown, changes in the electrical characteristics at the grounding point will cause a change in the resonant frequency band of the CM mode. However, for the DM mode, the connection between the grounding element and the first radiator is not a zero-current point, and it is unaffected by changes in the electrical characteristics at the grounding point. Furthermore, in the CM mode, compared to the three-half wavelength mode, the one-half wavelength mode, due to its lower frequency, is more sensitive to capacitor adjustments and produces a larger frequency shift.

[0172] Tables 2 and 3 below are respectively Figure 9 and Figure 8 The normalized (18dBm) 5mm body SAR value of the antenna structure shown.

[0173] Table 2 ( Figure 9 Antenna structure shown)

[0174] 2.6GHz 1.16 0.52 3.2GHz 8.37 2.87

[0175] Table 3 ( Figure 8 Antenna structure shown)

[0176] 2.6GHz 1.60 0.74 3.1GHz 3.38 1.36 4.0GHz 6.03 1.69 4.5GHz 5.32 1.37

[0177] As shown in the table above, at 2.6 GHz, the antenna structure operates in half-wavelength mode of CM mode. Figure 8 and Figure 9 The antenna structures shown all exhibit good SAR performance. However, near 3 GHz, the antenna structures operate in a three-half wavelength mode within the DM mode. Figure 8 The antenna structure shown is compared to Figure 9 The SAR value of the antenna structure shown is significantly reduced. Meanwhile, Figure 8 The antenna structure shown exhibits similar SAR values ​​in both CM (4.0 GHz) and DM (4.5 GHz) modes, with values ​​still significantly lower than [previous data]. Figure 9 The SAR value of the antenna structure in DM mode is shown. Therefore, the antenna structure provided in this application embodiment demonstrates its suitability for broadband applications in electronic devices in terms of SAR.

[0178] Figure 16This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure 200 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0179] like Figure 16 As shown, the radiators of the antenna structure 200 may include a first radiator 210, a second radiator 220, a third radiator 230, a fourth radiator 240, and a fifth radiator 250, which serve as the radiating portion of the antenna structure 200. The first radiator 210, the second radiator 220, the third radiator 230, the fourth radiator 240, and the fifth radiator 250 together generate at least one resonance.

[0180] It should be understood that the radiating part of the antenna structure may include multiple radiators, and is not limited to the three or five radiators provided in the embodiments of this application. It can be adjusted according to actual production or design requirements, and this application does not impose any restrictions on it.

[0181] In this antenna structure 200, the first end of the first radiator 210 is opposite to and does not contact the first end of the second radiator 220, forming a first gap 201. The second end of the first radiator 210 is opposite to and does not contact the first end of the third radiator 230, forming a second gap 202. The first end of the fourth radiator 240 is opposite to and does not contact the second end of the second radiator 220, forming a third gap 203. The first end of the fifth radiator 250 is opposite to and does not contact the second end of the third radiator 230, forming a fourth gap 204. The first radiator 210 is provided with a feed point and a ground point. The ground point is located in the central region. The ground point is used for electrical connection to the ground plane, grounding the antenna structure 200. The feed point is located between the central region and the first end of the first radiator. The feed point is used to electrically connect to the feed element to feed the antenna structure 200.

[0182] Compared to Figure 4 The antenna structure 100 shown is... Figure 16The antenna structure 200 shown adds a fourth radiator 240 and a fifth radiator 250 to the antenna structure 100. By utilizing the third slot 203 formed by the fourth radiator 240 and the second radiator 220, and the fourth slot 204 formed by the fifth radiator 250 and the third radiator 230, the higher-order resonant modes generated by the antenna structure 200 can be further increased (by bringing the higher-order resonant modes closer to the original resonant modes), such as the half-wavelength modes in CM mode and DM mode, thereby further expanding the operating bandwidth of the antenna structure 200.

[0183] In one embodiment, when an electrical signal is fed into the feed point, the first radiator 210, the second radiator 220, the third radiator 230, the fourth radiator 240, and the fifth radiator 250 jointly generate the first resonance (half-wavelength mode in CM mode), the second resonance (half-wavelength mode in DM mode), the third resonance (three-half-wavelength mode in CM mode), the fourth resonance (three-half-wavelength mode in DM mode), the fifth resonance (five-half-wavelength mode in CM mode), and the sixth resonance (five-half-wavelength mode in DM mode).

[0184] In one embodiment, the resonant frequency bands of any two adjacent resonances among the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth resonances partially overlap to extend the operating bandwidth of the antenna structure 200.

[0185] In one embodiment, the second radiator 220 and the third radiator 230 may have the same length.

[0186] In one embodiment, the fourth radiator 240 and the fifth radiator 250 may have the same length.

[0187] In one embodiment, the widths of the first gap 201 and the second gap 202 can be the same.

[0188] In one embodiment, the widths of the third slit 203 and the fourth slit 204 may be the same.

[0189] It should be understood that as the symmetry of the radiating portion of the antenna structure 200 increases, the radiation characteristics (e.g., bandwidth, gain, etc.) of the antenna structure 200 also increase. When the second radiator 220, the third radiator 230, the fourth radiator 240, and the fifth radiator 250 are symmetrical along the virtual axis of the first radiator 210 (the lengths of the first radiators 210 on both sides of the virtual axis are the same), the antenna structure 200 has better radiation characteristics.

[0190] In one embodiment, a grounding element may be provided between the grounding point and the floor. For the sake of brevity, in... Figure 16In the antenna structure 200 shown, the grounding element is illustrated as a capacitor. In one embodiment, the grounding element may also be an inductor. Alternatively, the grounding element may also be an impedance network composed of multiple electronic components, and this application is not limited thereto.

[0191] In one embodiment, a matching network may be provided between the feed point and the feed element. One end of the feed element is electrically connected to the first radiator at the feed point, and the other end of the feed element is electrically connected to the feed element. The matching network can be used to match the electrical signal in the feed element with the impedance characteristics of the radiating part of the antenna structure, minimizing the transmission loss and distortion of the electrical signal. For the sake of brevity, Figure 16 In the antenna structure 200 shown, the matching network is described in the form of a capacitor connected in parallel and then in series. This application does not limit the specific form of the matching network.

[0192] As an example Figure 16 The parameters of the antenna structure 200 shown in the simulation diagram are shown in Table 4 below:

[0193] Table 4

[0194] 15.2mm 9.6mm 9.6mm 11mm 11mm b1 b2 b3 b4 E1 0.4mm 0.4mm 0.4mm 0.4mm 2mm E2 W3 W4 W5 C4 3.3mm 1mm 75mm 155mm 12pF C5 C6 Dielectric constant Loss tangent 0.2pF 1.5pF 4.43 0.005

[0195] Wherein, H1 is the length of the first radiator, H2 is the length of the second radiator, H3 is the length of the third radiator, H4 is the length of the fourth radiator, H5 is the length of the fifth radiator, b1 is the width of the first slot, b2 is the width of the second slot, b1 is the width of the third slot, b2 is the width of the fourth slot, E1 is the distance between the radiating part of the antenna structure and the ground plane, E2 is the distance between the grounding point and the feed point, W3 is the width of the radiating part of the antenna structure, W4 is the width of the ground plane, and W5 is the length of the ground plane. C4 is the capacitance value of the grounding element connected in series between the grounding point and the ground plane, and C5 and C6 are the capacitance values ​​in the matching network connected in series between the feed element and the feed point. It should be understood that C4, C5, and C6 represent one case of grounding elements and matching networks configured to adjust the radiation characteristics of the antenna structure 200. The dielectric constant and loss tangent are parameters of the medium configured between the radiating part and the ground plane.

[0196] It should be understood that the parameters of the antenna structure 200 described above are for illustrative purposes only. This application does not limit the specific parameters of the antenna structure, and they can be adjusted according to actual design or production needs.

[0197] Figure 17 and Figure 18 yes Figure 16 The diagram shows a simulation of the antenna structure. Among them, Figure 17 yes Figure 16 The simulation results of the antenna structure shown are illustrated in Figure S11. Figure 18 yes Figure 16 The simulation results of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna structure are shown in the figure.

[0198] It should be understood that, Figure 17 and Figure 18 In the simulation diagram shown, for ease of comparison between antenna structure 200 and... Figure 8 and Figure 9 By comparing the performance of the antenna structures shown, it is possible to adjust the parameters of the antenna structures so that the resonant frequency band of the low-order mode of antenna structure 200 is the same as that of the low-order mode of antenna structure 101 and the resonant frequency band of antenna structure 102.

[0199] like Figure 17 As shown, Figure 16 The antenna structure 200 shown is... Figure 8 The antenna structure shown and Figure 9 The antenna structures shown have the same starting position for resonance, around 2.6 GHz. Figure 8 The antenna structure shown is compared to Figure 9 The antenna structure shown utilizes the three-half wavelength mode within both CM and DM modes to extend its operating bandwidth. Figure 17 The antenna structure shown is in Figure 8 Based on the antenna structure shown, higher-order resonant modes (such as the half-wavelength mode in CM and DM modes) can be used to bring the higher-order resonant modes closer to the original resonant modes, further expanding the operating bandwidth of the antenna structure so that its operating bandwidth can meet the needs of more communication frequency bands. For example, the operating frequency band of the antenna structure can include the N77 (3.3GHz–4.2GHz) band and the N79 (4.4GHz–5.0GHz) band in the 5G frequency band.

[0200] like Figure 18 As shown, Figure 16 The antenna structure 200 shown is... Figure 8 The antenna structure shown and Figure 9 The radiation efficiency of the antenna structures shown is close. However, for system efficiency, Figure 9 The antenna structure shown drops rapidly at frequencies above 3.1 GHz, resulting in an efficiency dip. Figure 8 The antenna structure shown increases the flatness of system efficiency in the 3.1GHz-4.5GHz range by introducing the three-half wavelength mode in CM and DM modes. However, Figure 8 The antenna structure shown experiences a rapid decrease in system efficiency above 4.5 GHz. Figure 17 The antenna structure shown is in Figure 8Based on the antenna structure shown, higher-order resonant modes (such as the half-wavelength modes in CM and DM modes) are used to increase the flatness of the system efficiency, avoiding the rapid decline in system efficiency that occurs at 4.5 GHz. Using a system efficiency > -3 dB as a threshold, Figure 16 The operating bandwidth of the antenna structure shown is compared to Figure 9 The antenna structure shown has twice the operating bandwidth, which can meet the needs of more communication frequency bands. Using system efficiency > -3dB as a threshold, Figure 16 The system efficiency bandwidth of the antenna structure shown is comparable to... Figure 8 The system efficiency bandwidth of the antenna structure shown doubles again, which can meet the needs of more communication frequency bands.

[0201] Table 5 below is Figure 16 The normalized (18dBm) 5mm body SAR value of the antenna structure shown.

[0202] Table 5 Figure 16 Antenna structure shown)

[0203] 2.6GHz 1.80 0.81 3.1GHz 3.45 1.35 4.1GHz 4.87 1.46 4.6GHz 5.75 1.57 5.0GHz 5.28 1.42 5.5GHz 4.72 1.21 5.8GHz 5.08 1.28

[0204] As shown in the table above, a low SAR value is maintained within the available bandwidth range of system efficiency (system efficiency > -3dB). Therefore, the antenna structure provided in this application embodiment demonstrates its suitability for broadband applications of electronic devices in terms of SAR performance.

[0205] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0206] In the above embodiments, a narrow-width linear antenna is used as an example for illustration. The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application can also be applied to a wider planar antenna, such as... Figure 19 As shown.

[0207] like Figure 19 As shown, a surface antenna may include a patch conductor, a dielectric substrate, and a ground plane.

[0208] The patch conductor and the ground plane are respectively disposed on two opposite surfaces of the dielectric substrate. Gaps are provided between the radiators in the patch conductor, and the first radiator located in the middle of the multiple radiators has a feed point and a ground point. The ground point can be located on the virtual axis of the first radiator for grounding the surface antenna. The feed point can be located on a side offset from the virtual axis for feeding the surface antenna.

[0209] In one embodiment, the first radiator can be electrically connected to the ground via a grounding via. In another embodiment, the grounding via may include multiple vias, and the equivalent capacitance or inductance between the patch conductor and the ground can be adjusted by changing the density, radius, and depth of each via, thereby controlling the magnitude of the inductive or capacitive capacitance to ground.

[0210] In one embodiment, a capacitor can be placed in the gap between the radiators to adjust the capacitance value of the equivalent capacitance formed by the gap, thereby controlling the radiation characteristics of the surface antenna.

[0211] Alternatively, in one embodiment, a dielectric material can be filled in the gaps between the radiators to adjust the capacitance value of the equivalent capacitance formed by the gaps, thereby controlling the radiation characteristics of the surface antenna.

[0212] Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0213] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0214] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the mutual coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the direct coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical or other forms.

[0215] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Feed point and grounding point; as well as A radiator, comprising a first radiator, a second radiator, and a third radiator; Wherein, the first end of the first radiator is opposite to the first end of the second radiator and forms a first gap; The second end of the first radiator is opposite to the first end of the third radiator and forms a second gap; The first radiator is provided with the feed point and the grounding point; The grounding point is located in the central region of the first radiator, or the grounding point is located in the central region of the radiator. The power supply point is located between the central region and the first end of the first radiator. When an electrical signal is fed into the feed point, the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator together generate a first resonance, a second resonance, a third resonance, and a fourth resonance. The resonant frequency bands of any two adjacent resonances in the first resonance, the second resonance, the third resonance, and the fourth resonance partially overlap. The projections of the first end of the first radiator and the first end of the second radiator in a first direction at least partially overlap, forming the first gap, wherein the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the first radiator is located; The second end of the first radiator and the first end of the third radiator at least partially overlap in the projection of their respective ends in the first direction, forming the second gap.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second radiator and the third radiator have the same length.

3. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first gap and the second gap have the same width.

4. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second radiator and the third radiator are not provided with a power supply point or a grounding point.

5. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiator also includes a fourth radiator and a fifth radiator; The first end of the fourth radiator is opposite to the second end of the second radiator and forms a third gap; The first end of the fifth radiator is opposite to the second end of the third radiator and forms a fourth gap.

6. The electronic device according to claim 5, characterized in that, When an electrical signal is fed into the feed point, the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator, the fourth radiator, and the fifth radiator together generate at least one resonance.

7. The electronic device according to claim 5, characterized in that, When an electrical signal is fed into the feed point, the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator, the fourth radiator, and the fifth radiator jointly generate the first resonance, the second resonance, the third resonance, the fourth resonance, the fifth resonance, and the sixth resonance.

8. The electronic device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The resonant frequency bands of any two adjacent resonances among the first resonance, the second resonance, the third resonance, the fourth resonance, the fifth resonance, and the sixth resonance partially overlap.

9. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic device further includes a frame, a portion of which has a first position, a second position, a third position and a fourth position in sequence, wherein the frame between the first position and the second position serves as the second radiator, the frame between the second position and the third position serves as the first radiator, and the frame between the third position and the fourth position serves as the third radiator; The first gap is provided at the second position of the frame; The second gap is provided at the third position of the frame.

10. The electronic device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The electronic device also includes a printed circuit board (PCB); A first medium is provided between the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator and the PCB.

11. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic device also includes a printed circuit board (PCB); The PCB includes a first dielectric board and a second dielectric board stacked together. The first radiator is disposed between the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate; The second radiator is disposed on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate; The third radiator is disposed on the lower surface of the second dielectric plate.

12. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second medium is provided in the first gap or the second gap.

13. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic device further includes a grounding element, one end of which is electrically connected to the first radiator at the grounding point, and the other end of which is grounded.

14. The electronic device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The grounding element is a capacitor.

15. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that, The electronic device further includes a matching network and a power supply unit. One end of the matching network is electrically connected to the first radiator at the power supply point, and the other end of the matching network is electrically connected to the power supply unit.

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