A real-time compensation method for power harmonics of super high-rise building

Abstract

The application relates to a real-time compensation method for power harmonics of an ultrahigh-rise building, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a full-node harmonic voltage matrix in a building, acquiring a harmonic impedance matrix and a load equivalent harmonic current input matrix; judging whether the harmonic distortion rate of each node meets a preset requirement according to the full-node harmonic voltage matrix; determining a configuration node at a high-speed elevator as a power quality treatment device; only considering the harmonic disturbance emitted to a power supply system by the high-speed elevator start-stop at the configuration node to establish a first system harmonic voltage distortion optimization model, and optimizing the first system harmonic voltage distortion optimization model to obtain a first compensation current output by the power quality device; comprehensively considering the disturbance of dispersed small electronic devices to the voltage of the building power distribution system to establish a second system harmonic voltage distortion optimization model, and optimizing the second system harmonic voltage distortion optimization model to obtain a second compensation current output by the power quality device; and obtaining a real-time compensation current of the power quality treatment device according to the first compensation current and the second compensation current, so that the power quality effect can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power harmonic compensation technology, specifically to a real-time power harmonic compensation method for super high-rise buildings. Background Technology

[0002] The power supply system of super high-rise buildings has a complex structure, with long cable distances between distribution cabinets, numerous loads, and a large total load. Compared to ordinary buildings, their power supply systems include a large number of new electrical loads based on power electronics technology, such as high-speed elevators in power loads, fresh air systems in air conditioning loads, LED lighting equipment in lighting loads, and a large number of small electronic office loads such as computers and printers. Although these loads meet the diverse needs of super high-rise buildings for residential, commercial, and office use, the switching power supplies contained within these devices also introduce harmonic disturbances into the building's power supply network. Among these loads, a series of power loads, represented by high-speed elevators, are few in number but have high operating power and random operating frequencies. The connection and disconnection of such equipment will cause significant disturbances to the harmonic amplitude within the system. On the other hand, the large number of small electronic office loads such as computers connected and widely distributed in the building's power distribution system also generate harmonic interference that cannot be ignored.

[0003] To address the comprehensive management of harmonic quality issues in complex networks within super high-rise buildings, in addition to traditional methods of local compensation using local management equipment, it is also possible to construct multi-node optimization models and employ iterative compensation methods such as convex optimization. However, the convergence speed of this method is related to the initial search direction, and the iterative algorithm required for optimizing the configuration results is time-consuming. It can only meet the optimization needs of equipment operating for extended periods within the system, and is difficult to quickly respond to harmonic disturbances caused by short-term operating equipment such as high-speed elevators. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to propose a real-time compensation method for electrical harmonics in super high-rise buildings, so as to quickly respond to harmonic disturbances generated when power equipment such as high-speed elevators are connected or disconnected, while taking into account the mitigation effect of the equipment on multiple nodes of the system.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, embodiments of this application propose a real-time power harmonic compensation method for super high-rise buildings, comprising:

[0006] Obtain the harmonic voltage matrix U of all nodes in the building, obtain the harmonic impedance matrix Z, and obtain the load equivalent harmonic current input matrix I. L ;

[0007] Based on the full node harmonic voltage matrix U, determine whether the harmonic distortion rate of each node meets the preset requirements.

[0008] The high-speed elevator is identified as the configuration node for the power quality management equipment. Only the harmonic disturbances emitted to the power supply system by the high-speed elevator at the configuration node during start-up and shutdown are considered to establish the first system harmonic voltage distortion optimization model, and the first compensation current output by the power quality equipment is obtained through optimization.

[0009] Taking into account the disturbance of the building's power distribution system voltage by the distributed small electronic devices, a second system harmonic voltage distortion optimization model is established, and the second compensation current output by the power quality equipment is obtained through optimization.

[0010] The real-time harmonic compensation current of the power quality management equipment is obtained based on the first compensation current and the second compensation current.

[0011] Optionally, the step of determining whether the harmonic distortion rate of each node meets the preset requirements based on the total node harmonic voltage matrix U includes:

[0012]

[0013]

[0014] Among them, U h U is the h-th harmonic voltage at node n. 1 Let be the fundamental voltage at node n, h be the harmonic order at node n, and H be the maximum harmonic order. THD is the percentage of h-th harmonic distortion at node n in the power supply network. n Let n be the total harmonic distortion percentage of node n in the power supply network.

[0015] Optionally, the harmonic voltage distortion optimization model for the first system is as follows:

[0016]

[0017]

[0018] in, The equivalent harmonic voltage at node n is generated by the harmonic current introduced by the nonlinear load at node m. Let m be the h-th harmonic impedance matrix between node m and all nodes in the system. The current used by the power quality management equipment located at node m to compensate for the h-th harmonic of the high-speed elevator is denoted as h. When the high-speed elevator located at node m in the building is running, an equivalent h-th harmonic current is injected into the system, where N is the total number of nodes.

[0019] Optionally, the first compensation current is as follows:

[0020]

[0021] Optionally, the second system harmonic voltage distortion optimization model is as follows:

[0022]

[0023] in, Let n be the h-th harmonic impedance matrix between node n and all nodes in the system. To inject an equivalent h-th harmonic current into the system when the distributed nonlinear load group located at node n is running. The h-th harmonic compensation current for the distributed nonlinear load by the multifunctional power quality management equipment located at node m.

[0024] Optionally, the second compensation current is as follows:

[0025]

[0026] Implementing the embodiments of this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0027] This application focuses on harmonic problems introduced by high-power electronic devices such as high-speed elevators in buildings as the main target of mitigation. It also takes into account the disturbances to the voltage of the building's power distribution system caused by distributed small electronic devices. The least squares approximation theory is used to directly obtain the real-time compensation results of the mitigation equipment, enabling rapid response to system harmonic disturbances caused by different types of operating equipment.

[0028] Other features and advantages of embodiments of this application will be set forth in the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a real-time power harmonic compensation method for super high-rise buildings, as described in an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a simplified topology diagram of the power supply system inside a super high-rise building in this application embodiment.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation locations of the main interference devices in the super high-rise building topology in this application embodiment.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the single harmonic distortion rate and total harmonic distortion rate of each node in the system before treatment in the embodiments of this application.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation locations of the main multifunctional power quality management equipment in the topology of the super high-rise building in this application embodiment.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the single harmonic distortion rate and total harmonic distortion rate of each node in the system after treatment in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The various exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, numerous specific details are set forth in the following detailed embodiments to better illustrate this application. Those skilled in the art will understand that this application can be practiced without certain specific details. In some instances, means well-known to those skilled in the art have not been described in detail in order to highlight the main points of this application.

[0037] See Figure 1 This application proposes a real-time compensation method for electrical harmonics in super high-rise buildings, comprising the following steps:

[0038] Step S1: Obtain the harmonic voltage matrix U of all nodes in the building, obtain the harmonic impedance matrix Z and the load equivalent harmonic current input matrix I. L ;

[0039] Specifically, the power distribution system diagram within a super high-rise building is simplified to obtain the main power distribution line structure diagram. Based on the voltage monitoring data from the power quality detection equipment in each distribution cabinet within the building, the harmonic voltage matrix U of all nodes within the building is obtained. Then, based on the voltage and current values ​​from the historical monitoring data of the power quality detection equipment within the building, the line impedance parameters between each node in the power distribution line structure diagram and the main disturbance load parameters within the building are calculated. These are then combined to obtain the power distribution network harmonic impedance matrix Z and the load equivalent harmonic current input matrix I. L ;

[0040] Step S2: Determine whether the harmonic distortion rate of each node meets the preset requirements based on the full-node harmonic voltage matrix U.

[0041] Specifically, the preset requirements refer to the national standards of the industry; if the preset requirements are met, the process ends; if the preset requirements are not met, the process proceeds to step S3.

[0042] Step S3: Determine the configuration node of the power quality management equipment at the high-speed elevator. Consider only the harmonic disturbances emitted to the power supply system when the high-speed elevator starts and stops at the configuration node, establish the first system harmonic voltage distortion optimization model, and optimize it to obtain the first compensation current output by the power quality equipment.

[0043] Step S4: Taking into account the disturbance of the building's power distribution system voltage by the distributed small electronic devices, establish a second system harmonic voltage distortion optimization model, and optimize it to obtain the second compensation current output by the power quality equipment.

[0044] Step S5: Obtain the real-time power harmonic compensation current of the power quality management equipment based on the first compensation current and the second compensation current;

[0045] Specifically, in the steps, the first compensation current and the second compensation current are superimposed to obtain the final real-time compensation current for power harmonics. The power quality management equipment outputs the real-time compensation current for power harmonics, which can achieve the goal of comprehensive optimization of harmonics at multiple nodes in the building. Finally, the single harmonic distortion rate and total harmonic distortion rate of each node in the compensated system are updated.

[0046] Further, the step of determining whether the harmonic distortion rate of each node meets the preset requirements based on the total node harmonic voltage matrix U includes:

[0047]

[0048]

[0049] Among them, U h U is the h-th harmonic voltage at node n. 1 Let be the fundamental voltage at node n, h be the harmonic order at node n, and H be the maximum harmonic order. THD is the percentage of h-th harmonic distortion at node n in the power supply network. n Let n be the total harmonic distortion percentage of node n in the power supply network.

[0050] Furthermore, the optimization model for harmonic voltage distortion of the first system is as follows:

[0051]

[0052]

[0053] in, The equivalent harmonic voltage at node n is generated by the harmonic current introduced by the nonlinear load at node m. Let m be the h-th harmonic impedance matrix between node m and all nodes in the system. The current used by the power quality management equipment located at node m to compensate for the h-th harmonic of the high-speed elevator is denoted as h. When the high-speed elevator located at node m in the building is running, an equivalent h-th harmonic current is injected into the system, where N is the total number of nodes.

[0054] Furthermore, according to equation (4), we can obtain... When the system's h-th harmonic voltage distortion sums to the minimum, the first compensation current output by the harmonic mitigation device can be obtained by considering multiple harmonic mitigation measures as follows:

[0055]

[0056] Furthermore, the optimization model for harmonic voltage distortion of the second system is as follows:

[0057]

[0058] in, Let n be the h-th harmonic impedance matrix between node n and all nodes in the system. To inject an equivalent h-th harmonic current into the system when the distributed nonlinear load group located at node n is running. The h-th harmonic compensation current for the distributed nonlinear load by the multifunctional power quality management equipment located at node m.

[0059] Furthermore, with the goal of minimizing the sum of squares of harmonic voltage amplitudes at all nodes within the system, the least squares method is used to solve the system harmonic voltage distortion suppression model, and the second compensation current for the multifunctional treatment equipment facing the decentralized harmonic pollution source is determined as follows:

[0060]

[0061] To demonstrate the correctness and effectiveness of the method in this embodiment, a power grid simulation model of a super high-rise building was built in the MATLAB platform to verify the overall harmonic suppression effect of the building system.

[0062] Figure 2 This diagram provides a simplified topology for the power supply system within a high-rise building, where each node represents a distribution cabinet, and different types of loads are powered by different distribution cabinets. Common load categories include lighting loads, air conditioning loads, power loads, and elevator loads.

[0063] Figure 3 This diagram shows the installation locations of major interfering devices in the topology of a super high-rise building. Shopping malls and businesses within super high-rise buildings contain a large number of small electronic devices, and high-speed elevators and some power loads will introduce strong harmonic interference during operation. Figure 3For example, the blue icons indicate the connection locations of distributed small nonlinear load groups. The main connection locations are nodes 7, 8, 9, 13, 14, 16, and 17. Analysis shows that the harmonic distortion mainly includes the 5th, 7th, and 11th harmonic distortions. Additionally, node 15 is connected to a high-speed elevator load. The high-speed elevator operates at random times and has high power. Its upstream grid-connected section uses a diode rectifier circuit to provide power to the downstream section, which introduces a large amount of harmonics to the grid. Therefore, a multi-functional power quality management device is installed at node 15. Furthermore, a high-power production equipment is connected to node 4, and this equipment is also equipped with a multi-functional power quality management device.

[0064] The harmonic comprehensive optimization of this case was carried out by using the real-time harmonic compensation method of a multifunctional power quality optimization device, which improved the voltage quality of all nodes in the simulation model and addressed the harmonic problem in the building.

[0065] Figure 3 , Figure 5 The simulation results in Table 1 demonstrate the accuracy and reliability of the method proposed in the embodiments of this application.

[0066] Figure 3 The data shows the single-harmonic distortion rate and total harmonic distortion rate of each node in the system before the treatment. Among them, the harmonic problem of nodes 15-17 is the most serious due to the connection of the high-speed elevator, which is about 10%. The total harmonic distortion of the remaining nodes is concentrated between 6% and 8%, far exceeding the national limit of 4%. In addition, the 5th harmonic accounts for the largest proportion of single harmonics, with the 5th harmonic content of each node ranging from 5% to 8%.

[0067] Figure 4 The diagram shows the installation locations of the main multi-functional power quality control equipment in the topology of a super high-rise building. As mentioned above, the two multi-functional power quality control devices are installed at nodes 4 and 15, respectively, to reduce the single harmonic distortion rate and total harmonic distortion rate of multiple nodes in the building.

[0068] Table 1. Single-cycle optimization compensation results of the multi-functional power quality optimization device.

[0069]

[0070] Table 1 shows the single-cycle optimization compensation results of the multi-functional power quality optimization device. Figure 3 After obtaining the single harmonic voltage data of each node, the power supply system harmonic voltage distortion suppression model of Equation (3) and Equation (6) is constructed, and the optimal output compensation current results of the two treatment devices are directly calculated according to Equation (5) and Equation (7), as shown in Table 1. Figure 5The study measured the single harmonic distortion rate and total harmonic distortion rate of each node in the system after treatment. The single harmonic distortion rate and total harmonic distortion rate of the high-speed elevator access node 15 and its surrounding nodes decreased significantly. The total harmonic distortion rate of each node in the system was only about 3%, which meets the national standard. Furthermore, the single harmonic distortion rates of the 5th, 7th and 11th harmonics were all less than the national standard of 3.2%, with the treatment of the 5th harmonic being particularly effective.

[0071] It should be noted that the method in this embodiment aims to address harmonic disturbances caused by short-term operating equipment such as high-speed elevators in super high-rise buildings, enabling rapid response of power quality management equipment, reducing response delays caused by past iterative compensation methods, and simultaneously considering the management effect of the equipment on multiple nodes of the system, improving the utilization efficiency of a single management device, and reducing the cost of power quality management within the building. This embodiment prioritizes the short-term, large-amplitude harmonic problems introduced by high-power electronic devices such as high-speed elevators within the building, while also considering multi-node harmonic problems caused by distributed small electronic devices within the system. Starting from the structure of the building's power supply system, a comprehensive harmonic optimization mathematical model for the building's power supply system is proposed. The least squares approximation theory is used to solve the model and obtain the real-time compensation results of the management equipment, enabling rapid response to system harmonic disturbances caused by different types of operating equipment.

[0072] The various embodiments of this application have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and substitutions will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical applications, or technical improvements to the embodiments in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for real-time compensation of electrical harmonics in super high-rise buildings, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain the harmonic voltage matrix of all nodes in the building. Obtaining the harmonic impedance matrix and load equivalent harmonic current input matrix ; According to the full-node harmonic voltage matrix Determine whether the harmonic distortion rate of each node meets the preset requirements; The high-speed elevator is identified as the configuration node for the power quality management equipment. Only the harmonic disturbances emitted to the power supply system by the high-speed elevator at the configuration node during start-up and shutdown are considered to establish the first system harmonic voltage distortion optimization model, and the first compensation current output by the power quality equipment is obtained through optimization. Taking into account the disturbance of the building's power distribution system voltage by the distributed small electronic devices, a second system harmonic voltage distortion optimization model is established, and the second compensation current output by the power quality equipment is obtained through optimization. The real-time harmonic compensation current of the power quality management equipment is obtained based on the first compensation current and the second compensation current.

2. The method for real-time compensation of electrical harmonics in super high-rise buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The according to the full-node harmonic voltage matrix Determine whether the harmonic distortion rate of each node meets the preset requirements, including: (1) (2) in, Let h be the h-th harmonic voltage at node n. Let be the fundamental voltage at node n, and h be the harmonic order of node n. H The maximum harmonic order, For nodes in the power supply network n middle h Percentage of subharmonic distortion For nodes in the power supply network n Total harmonic distortion percentage.

3. The method for real-time compensation of electrical harmonics in super high-rise buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that, The optimization model for harmonic voltage distortion of the first system is as follows: （3） （4） in, For the reason m Nonlinear loads at nodes introduce harmonic currents. n Equivalent harmonic voltages are generated at the nodes. For nodes m Between the nodes within the system h Subharmonic impedance matrix For located m Node power quality management equipment for high-speed elevators h Subharmonic compensation current For located m The high-speed elevator inside the building injects equivalent energy into the system during operation. h Second harmonic current N This represents the total number of nodes.

4. The method for real-time compensation of electrical harmonics in super high-rise buildings according to claim 3, characterized in that, 。 5. The method for real-time compensation of electrical harmonics in super high-rise buildings according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second system harmonic voltage distortion optimization model is as follows: in, For nodes n Between the nodes within the system h Subharmonic impedance matrix For located n The operation of the distributed nonlinear load group within the building at the node injects equivalent loads into the system. h Second harmonic current For located m Node-based multi-functional power quality management equipment for distributed nonlinear loads h Subharmonic compensation current.

6. The method for real-time compensation of electrical harmonics in super high-rise buildings according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second compensation current is as follows: 。

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