Fluid purification microfluidic chip and fluid purification device

Abstract

The application provides a micro-fluidic chip and a fluid purification device. The micro-fluidic chip separates the impurities and pollutants in the fluid by using fluid dynamics, so as to purify the fluid. The micro-fluidic chip comprises a fluid inlet and outlet, a multi-stage separation unit and a fluid channel. The fluid purification device comprises a main board and a plurality of micro-fluidic chips mounted on the main board. The plurality of micro-fluidic chips are grouped by a bus channel and a distribution channel network in the main board, and work in parallel, series or cascade mode. The micro-fluidic chip and the fluid purification device provided by the application do not require other substances or materials to participate in the purification process, and do not consume other energy except the pressure potential energy of the original fluid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microfluidic control technology, specifically to the removal of impurities and contaminants from fluids by utilizing fluid dynamics and fluid characteristics under microscopic conditions. Background Technology

[0002] Fluids (specifically liquid fluids in this invention) typically contain impurities and contaminants. These impurities and contaminants are generated or introduced into the fluid during preparation, storage, and transportation. Generally, one or more technical methods are needed to remove these impurities or contaminants (i.e., purification processes). Taking domestic water purification technology as an example, common domestic water purification technologies mainly include: biodegradation technology that removes organic matter from water through the metabolic activities of microorganisms; mechanical filtration technology that removes impurities from water using filters; activated carbon adsorption technology that removes organic matter from water using activated carbon adsorption properties; ion exchange technology that removes hardness ions from water using ion exchange resins; ultraviolet disinfection technology that kills microorganisms using ultraviolet light; reverse osmosis technology that removes ions and microorganisms from water using reverse osmosis; ozone disinfection technology that removes organic matter from water using ozone; and electrolytic water purification technology that removes bacteria and viruses from water using electrolysis. These water purification technologies all have their unique advantages and applicable scope, but they also have some common and specific defects and shortcomings, such as high wastewater ratio, low throughput, high energy consumption, sensitivity to water quality, low efficiency, short lifespan of consumables, and high replacement costs.

[0003] Microfluidics refers to the technology of confining fluids to the micrometer to nanometer scale to enable precise control and manipulation of the fluids. Microfluidics, on the other hand, builds upon microfluidics by creating microfluidic components such as microchannels, microcolumns, and microvalves to achieve precise control and regulation of microfluidics, thereby enabling complex fluid manipulation and analysis. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the drawbacks of various common fluid purification technologies, the goal of this invention is to utilize the characteristics of fluids at the microscale, such as high surface tension, low Reynolds number, nanoviscosity effect, and laminar flow state, to design a microfluidic chip containing a set of channels and structures of specific sizes to control the fluid behavior at the micrometer level. Under controlled conditions, the invention achieves self-intervention and self-organization of fluid behavior, mainly by using fluid dynamics to separate impurities and contaminants in the fluid particulate form, thereby achieving fluid purification.

[0005] This invention provides a microfluidic chip and a fluid purification device for fluid purification. The fluid purification microfluidic chip and fluid purification device provided by this invention require no other substances or auxiliary equipment to participate in the purification process, except for the requirement that the original fluid has a certain pressure. Apart from the pressure potential energy of the original fluid, no other energy is consumed.

[0006] Preferably, according to a first aspect of the present invention, the provided microfluidic chip includes one or more separation units, the microfluidic chip including at least one raw liquid inlet, at least one waste liquid outlet, at least one clean liquid outlet, and at least one waste liquid channel; each separation unit includes at least one separation chamber, at least one waste liquid separation channel, at least one inlet channel, at least one clean liquid outlet channel, and at least one waste liquid outlet channel; when multiple separation units are provided, the purified clean liquid from the previous separation unit is used as the raw liquid input for the next separation unit, and the multiple separation units form a serial progressive structure; when multiple separation units are provided, the inlet channel of the first separation unit is connected to the raw liquid inlet of the microfluidic chip, and the clean liquid outlet channel of the last separation unit is connected to the clean liquid outlet of the microfluidic chip; the microfluidic chip has a multi-layer three-dimensional structure, the multi-layer three-dimensional structure being used to distribute the raw liquid, waste liquid, and clean liquid flow channels.

[0007] Preferably, in one embodiment of the first aspect, the microfluidic chip includes a set of interfaces, namely a raw liquid inlet, a waste liquid outlet, and a clean liquid outlet. The interfaces are configured as blind holes or through holes penetrating the microfluidic chip. The through holes are configured with a groove at one end and a corresponding hollow boss at the other end corresponding to the groove, so as to realize the parallel operation of multiple microfluidic chips stacked together.

[0008] Preferably, in one embodiment of the first aspect, the microfluidic chip is provided with a pair of positioning holes and protrusion structures at appropriate locations for mounting the microfluidic chip or stacking multiple microfluidic chips.

[0009] Preferably, in one embodiment of the first aspect, the microfluidic chip includes a first-stage separation unit and a second-stage separation unit; the first-stage separation unit is a hydrodynamic separation unit, including a liquid inlet channel, a separation chamber, a turbulence micropillar array, a separation branch channel, and a waste liquid output channel; the second-stage separation unit is a displacement separation unit, including a liquid inlet channel, a separation chamber, a displacement micropillar array, a waste liquid separation channel, a clean liquid collection chamber, and a waste liquid collection chamber.

[0010] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a fluid purification device is provided, comprising n microfluidic chips as described in any of the first aspects of the present invention, n>1 (n is a natural number), and at least one motherboard; the motherboard includes at least one raw liquid inlet, at least one waste liquid outlet, and at least one purified liquid outlet; the motherboard includes one or more distribution channel networks, all of which provide sufficient interfaces for connecting the n microfluidic chips; the motherboard internally includes at least one raw liquid bus channel, at least one waste liquid bus channel, and at least one purified liquid bus channel, each of the bus channels being connected to the n microfluidic chips as needed through the one or more distribution channel networks; the internal structure of the motherboard is a multi-layer three-dimensional structure for distributing the various bus channels and the distribution channel networks; one or more surfaces of the motherboard are provided with a total of m mounting docks, m≤n (m is a natural number), and each mounting dock is correspondingly embedded with one of the microfluidic chips.

[0011] Preferably, in one embodiment of the second aspect, a single mounting dock includes at least one liquid inlet channel, at least one clean liquid outlet channel, and at least one waste liquid outlet channel; the aperture and distribution position of the liquid inlet channel, the clean liquid outlet channel, and the waste liquid outlet channel included in the mounting dock are consistent with the corresponding inlet and outlet of the microfluidic chip mounted thereon.

[0012] Preferably, in one embodiment of the second aspect, the n microfluidic chips are grouped in one or more organizational patterns, including: A parallel organization mode, in which a group containing two or more microfluidic chips is in parallel mode, the raw liquid inlet, the clean liquid outlet and the waste liquid outlet of all the microfluidic chips in the group are respectively connected; In a serial organization mode, when a group containing two or more microfluidic chips is in serial mode, the clean liquid outlet of the microfluidic chip at the beginning of the fluid flow direction in the group is connected to the raw liquid inlet of the next microfluidic chip, and so on. A cascaded organization mode, in which a group containing two or more microfluidic chips is in cascaded mode, the waste liquid outlet of the microfluidic chip at the beginning of the fluid flow direction in the group is connected to the raw liquid interface of the next microfluidic chip, and so on sequentially.

[0013] Preferably, in one embodiment of the second aspect, two or more microfluidic chip groups composed of one or more of the organizational patterns are grouped in one or more of the organizational patterns. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a plan view of a microfluidic chip according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is an external view of a microfluidic chip according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the structure of a microfluidic chip according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first layer structure of a microfluidic chip according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second layer structure of a microfluidic chip according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of section “A”;

[0020] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified view of section “B”;

[0021] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the mainboard of a fluid purification device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the motherboard and microfluidic chip in a fluid purification device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the bus channels inside the motherboard of a fluid purification device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution channel network inside the motherboard of a fluid purification device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 12 This is an external view of a microfluidic chip according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the mainboard of a fluid purification device according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the motherboard and microfluidic chip in a fluid purification device according to another embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following describes some exemplary embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the thickness of layers and regions is magnified for clarity. Similar reference numerals in the drawings denote similar elements.

[0029] Specific illustrative exemplary embodiments are disclosed herein. However, the specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are merely representative and are intended to describe the exemplary embodiments. The invention can be implemented in many alternative forms and should not be construed as limited to the exemplary embodiments set forth herein.

[0030] Therefore, embodiments thereof are illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings and will be described in detail herein, although the exemplary embodiments are capable of various modifications and substitutions. However, it should be understood that the exemplary embodiments are not intended to be limited to the specific forms disclosed, but rather, the exemplary embodiments are intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and substitutions falling within the scope of the invention. Throughout the description of the drawings, similar reference numerals refer to similar elements.

[0031] It is understood that while terms such as first, second, etc., may be used here to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element may be referred to as a second element, and similarly, a second element may be referred to as a first element, without departing from the scope of the exemplary embodiment. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated enumerated items. Expressions such as "at least one," when preceding a series of elements, modify the entire series of elements without modifying any individual element within that series.

[0032] It can be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being "formed" "on" another element or layer, it can be formed directly or indirectly on that other element or layer. That is, for example, there can be intermediate elements or layers. Conversely, when an element or layer is referred to as being "directly formed" "on" another element, there are no intermediate elements or layers. Other terms used to describe the relationship between elements or layers should be understood in a similar manner (e.g., "between" and "directly between," "adjacent" and "directly adjacent," etc.).

[0033] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “the,” “the,” and “the” are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that when used herein, the terms “comprising” and / or “including” describe the presence of the stated features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0034] The first aspect of the present invention provides a fluid purification microfluidic chip, such as Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, the raw fluid enters the first-stage separation unit 11 from the raw fluid inlet 131 of the microfluidic chip 1 through the inlet channel 115. The fluid enters the separation chamber 111, where a micro-pillar array 112 is arranged in the middle. The micro-pillar array interferes with the fluid field. Each micro-pillar has a branch channel 113 distributed on both sides, which is connected to the waste liquid separation channel 114 on both sides. The separated waste liquid enters the second layer of the chip through the waste liquid separation channel 114 and the vertical shaft 116. After converging, it finally reaches the waste liquid outlet 132 and flows out of the microfluidic chip 1 through the waste liquid channel 15.

[0035] In this embodiment, the raw fluid in the first-stage separation unit 11 undergoes preliminary separation of impurities and contaminants in the separation chamber 111 and then flows out of the first-stage separation unit 11 through the clean liquid output channel 117. It then enters the second-stage separation unit 12 through the liquid inlet channel 127. The separation chamber 121 of the second-stage separation unit 12 contains a micro-pillar array 122. The spaces on both sides of the micro-pillar array 122 are waste liquid channels 123. The separated waste liquid enters the waste liquid collection chamber 124 through the waste liquid channel 123, and then enters the second layer of the microfluidic chip 1 through the vertical shaft 125. After converging, it finally reaches the waste liquid outlet 132 and flows out of the microfluidic chip 1 through the waste liquid channel 15.

[0036] In this embodiment, the fluid purified by the first-stage separation unit 11 enters the second-stage separation chamber 121 through the purified liquid output channel 117 and the liquid inlet channel 127 included in the second-stage separation unit 12. After secondary separation of impurities and contaminants, it enters the purified liquid collection chamber 126 and finally flows out of the microfluidic chip 1 through the purified liquid outlet 133.

[0037] Figure 4 This embodiment demonstrates the vertical shafts and channels in the second layer of the microfluidic chip 1 used for collecting waste liquid from the first-stage separation unit and the second-stage separation unit. The vertical shaft 116 collects the waste liquid generated by the first-stage separation unit, and the vertical shaft 125 is used to collect the waste liquid generated by the second-stage separation unit. The first and second-stage waste liquids flow out of the microfluidic chip 1 from the waste liquid outlet 132 through the waste liquid channel 15.

[0038] Figure 5This is a partial enlarged view of the first-stage separation unit 11 "A" in this embodiment, used to illustrate the separation process of impurities and contaminants in the raw fluid of the first-stage separation unit. The raw fluid enters the first-stage separation chamber 111 through the inlet channel 115. When the raw fluid, with uniformly dispersed particles (impurities and solid contaminants), travels a certain distance in a low Reynolds number laminar flow state, the particles inertially aggregate under the combined action of the mainstream driving force along the mainstream direction and the lateral lift perpendicular to the mainstream direction, and the particles tend to be distributed near the channel wall. The flow field changes when the fluid passes through the micro-column 112. Taking the micro-column example 1121 in the figure as an example, the fluid is separated into two paths at the micro-column position. Due to the shape of the micro-column, the fluid passage narrows on each side, causing compression and diffusion of the fluid at the position of reaching and leaving the micro-column. This fluid channel structure is used to induce particle aggregation. The narrowing of the flow channel at the microcolumn leads to an increase in flow velocity. In this example, the shape of the microcolumn induces the fluid to be directed towards the branch channel 1134. Due to the Zweifach-Fung effect, the direction of particle movement at the branch point at the inlet of the branch channel is determined by the ratio of the flow velocities in the branch channels at that point. The difference in velocities between the two branch channels results in a difference in shear force on both sides of the particle. On the side with a higher flow velocity, the shear force is greater, forming a torque on the particle surface, which carries most of the particles into the branch channel with a higher flow velocity. The above separation phenomenon occurs at each microcolumn in the separation chamber. The arrangement of the microcolumn array and the corresponding branch channels enables multiple separations of particles, improving the separation efficiency of impurities and contaminants in the raw fluid.

[0039] Figure 6This is a partial enlarged view of the second-stage separation unit 12"B in this embodiment. The second-stage separation unit is an optimized structure of DLD separation and sorting (deterministic lateral displacement structure). The micropillar array 122 consists of a set of micropillars of specific sizes. The micropillars at the front section (near the liquid inlet) of the array are larger, the micropillars in the middle section are smaller than those at the front, and the micropillars at the rear are further reduced in size. After the fluid purified by the first-stage separation unit enters the second-stage separation unit, the laminar fluid interacts with the micropillar array, forcing the particles (impurities and solid contaminants) in the fluid to enter a pre-set specific trajectory. The displacement of the particles perpendicular to the main flow is determined by the array arrangement. Particles below the critical size follow the fluid streamlines through the array gaps towards the end of the array, without any net displacement from the original fluid. Particles exceeding the critical size undergo lateral displacement in a cross-sequence streamline. Each row moves at a predetermined angle by the micropillar offset distance. After moving a certain distance, the particles gradually approach and enter the spaces on both sides of the separation chamber where no micropillars are set (waste liquid separation channels). The reduced size of the micropillars in the middle and tail sections of the array enables the separation of smaller particles as the fluid passes through a longer flow channel. The critical particle size for grading depends on the size of each micropillar segment, the gap between micropillars, and the offset of the micropillars. In the second-stage separation chamber, the diameters of the micropillars in the front, middle, and tail sections of the micropillar array are reduced in segment, and correspondingly, the spacing between the micropillars is also reduced. This configuration improves the separation capability of smaller particles in the fluid, thereby increasing purification efficiency.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the microfluidic chip 1 is provided with a pair of positioning holes and protrusion structures 14 for positioning when a single microfluidic chip is installed or when multiple microfluidic chips are stacked.

[0041] Due to the characteristics of microfluidic technology (chips), the fluid throughput processed by a single microfluidic chip is very small. The fluid purification microfluidic chip provided in the first aspect of the present invention is insufficient to meet the fluid purification needs of industrial or civilian fields in a single application. To overcome this deficiency, the second aspect of the present invention provides a fluid purification device that integrates multiple fluid purification microfluidic chips provided in the first aspect of the present invention to improve the purification capacity and efficiency of the fluid.

[0042] Figures 8-11 The illustration shows an embodiment of a fluid purification device provided in the second aspect of the present invention. This embodiment employs... Figure 2The embodiment shown is a microfluidic chip 1. In this embodiment, the microfluidic chip 1 is embedded in the mounting dock 21 of the motherboard 2 in a flat position. The raw fluid enters the motherboard 2 from the raw fluid inlet 231, and is connected to the mounting dock 21 where the microfluidic chip that needs to be directly input raw fluid is located through the raw fluid bus channel 221 and the distribution channel network 24. It also enters the microfluidic chip through the inlet channel 211 included in the mounting dock. The waste liquid outlet 232 is connected to the mounting dock 21 where the microfluidic chip that needs to discharge waste liquid that does not require further processing is located through the waste liquid bus channel 222 and the distribution channel network 24. It is connected to the microfluidic chip through the waste liquid output channel 212 included in the mounting dock, and discharges the waste liquid generated by this part of the microfluidic chip from the motherboard 2. The clean liquid outlet 233 is connected to the mounting dock 21 where the microfluidic chip that needs to output clean liquid that does not require further processing is located through the clean liquid bus channel 223 and the distribution channel network 24. It is connected to the microfluidic chip through the clean liquid output channel included in the mounting dock 21, and discharges the clean liquid generated by this part of the microfluidic chip from the motherboard 2.

[0043] In this embodiment, a single docking station embeds a microfluidic chip 1, and multiple microfluidic chips 1 with the same structure can be stacked on top of it. The liquid inlet channel, clean liquid outlet channel and waste liquid outlet channel contained in all the stacked chips are connected in a corresponding manner through the setting of through holes, forming a parallel mode operation.

[0044] Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 13 , Figure 14 The diagram shows another embodiment of the fluid purification device provided in the second aspect of the present invention. This embodiment employs... Figure 12 Another embodiment of the microfluidic chip 1 shown is described. Figure 12 The microfluidic chip shown includes a liquid inlet channel, a clean liquid outlet channel, and a waste liquid outlet channel, all of which adopt a through-hole structure. In this embodiment, the microfluidic chip is inserted into the mounting dock 21 provided on the motherboard 2 in a through-hole manner. In this embodiment, after a microfluidic chip is inserted into a single docking station, no more microfluidic chips can be stacked on top of this single chip. Apart from this, other implementation modes of this embodiment are consistent with those described in the previous embodiment.

[0045] The fluid purification device provided in the second aspect of the present invention comprises n microfluidic chips 1 in all embodiments provided in the first aspect of the present invention. The n microfluidic chips 1 are divided into one or more groups working collaboratively in one or more organization modes, namely parallel organization mode, serial organization mode, and cascade organization mode. In a group of microfluidic chips 1 in parallel organization mode, the liquid inlet channel 211, clean liquid output channel 213, and waste liquid output channel 212 of the mounting dock 21 where all microfluidic chips in the group are located are respectively connected. In a group of microfluidic chips 1 in serial organization mode, the clean liquid output channel 213 of the mounting dock 21 where the microfluidic chip at the beginning of the fluid flow direction is located is connected to the liquid inlet channel 211 of the mounting dock 21 where the next microfluidic chip is located, and so on. In a group of microfluidic chips 1 in cascade mode, the waste liquid output channel 212 of the mounting dock 21 where the microfluidic chip at the beginning of the fluid flow direction is located is connected to the liquid inlet channel 211 of the mounting dock where the next microfluidic chip is located, and so on.

[0046] When two or more microfluidic chipsets composed of one or more organizational patterns are grouped multiple times using one or more of the aforementioned organizational patterns, the implementation shall still be carried out in the manner described above.

[0047] The fluid purification device provided by the second aspect of the present invention, through a base plate 2, groups a large number of microfluidic chips 1 to work collaboratively in multiple organizational modes, thereby achieving: 1. Simultaneous use of multiple (groups of) chips for parallel and collaborative purification significantly increases the flow rate of fluids processed, thereby improving the total purification throughput; 2. Simultaneous use of multiple (groups) of chips for serial collaborative purification, with the fluid undergoing chain-like multi-stage purification to improve the degree of purification; 3. Simultaneously using multiple (groups) of chips in cascade for collaborative purification, a portion of the waste liquid generated by the microfluidic chip is purified a second time, effectively reducing the waste liquid ratio.

Claims

1. A fluid purification device, characterized in that: Includes at least one motherboard; The system comprises n microfluidic chips, where n>1 and n is a natural number; each microfluidic chip includes at least one raw liquid inlet, at least one waste liquid outlet, at least one clean liquid outlet, and at least one waste liquid channel; it includes a first-stage separation unit and a second-stage separation unit; each separation unit includes at least one liquid inlet channel, at least one clean liquid outlet channel, and at least one waste liquid outlet channel; each separation unit includes at least one separation chamber and at least one waste liquid separation channel; the clean liquid produced after purification by the first-stage separation unit serves as the raw liquid input for the second-stage separation unit, and the multiple separation units form a serial progressive structure; the microfluidic chip has a multi-layer three-dimensional structure, which is used to distribute the raw liquid, waste liquid, and clean liquid flow channels; The motherboard includes at least one raw liquid inlet, at least one waste liquid outlet, and at least one clean liquid outlet; the motherboard also includes at least one raw liquid bus channel, at least one waste liquid bus channel, and at least one clean liquid bus channel. The motherboard includes at least one allocation channel network; the internal structure of the motherboard is a multi-layered three-dimensional structure for distributing various bus channels and the allocation channel network. The motherboard contains m mounting docks, where m ≤ n and m is a natural number. Each mounting dock is embedded with one microfluidic chip. Each mounting dock contains at least one liquid inlet channel, at least one clean liquid outlet channel, and at least one waste liquid outlet channel. The aperture and distribution of the liquid inlet channel, clean liquid outlet channel, and waste liquid outlet channel in the mounting dock are consistent with the corresponding inlet and outlet of the microfluidic chip mounted thereon.

2. The fluid purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid inlet channel of the first-stage separation unit is connected to the raw liquid inlet of the microfluidic chip; Waste liquid separation channels are provided on one or both sides of the separation chamber of the first-stage separation unit; The separation chamber is provided with a micropillar array consisting of one or more micropillars along the fluid flow direction; A branch channel is provided between each of the microcolumns and the waste liquid separation channel within the separation chamber of the first-stage separation unit; The separation unit has a vertical shaft at the end of the waste liquid separation channel relative to the fluid flow direction, and the vertical shaft is connected to the waste liquid channel in the microfluidic chip; The waste liquid separation channel on one or each side of the first-stage separation unit is connected at its end along the fluid flow direction to the waste liquid channel provided in the microfluidic chip. The end of the separation chamber of the first-stage separation unit relative to the fluid flow direction is connected to the liquid inlet channel of the second-stage separation unit.

3. The fluid purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second-stage separation unit has a micropillar array inside the separation chamber, and each row of micropillars in the micropillar array is laterally offset sequentially along the fluid flow direction; The micropillar array maintains a certain width of space along the fluid flow direction and the sidewall of the separation chamber as a waste liquid separation channel. The waste liquid separation channel extends along the fluid flow direction at the end of the separation chamber to form a waste liquid collection chamber. The waste liquid collection chamber is provided with a vertical shaft at the end along the fluid streamline direction, and the vertical shaft is connected to the waste liquid channel provided in the microfluidic chip; The waste liquid collection chamber is connected at its end along the fluid flow direction to the waste liquid channel provided in the microfluidic chip; The separation unit's separation chamber extends further at its central end along the fluid flow direction to form a clean liquid collection chamber; The end of the clean liquid collection chamber along the fluid flow direction is connected to the corresponding clean liquid outlet in the microfluidic chip.

4. The fluid purification device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The microcolumn array of the second-stage separation unit is divided into multiple segments. Along the fluid flow direction, the size of the microcolumn and the spacing between individual microcolumns in each segment gradually decrease, while the size of the microcolumn and the spacing between individual microcolumns remain consistent within each segment.

5. The fluid purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste liquid channel provided in the microfluidic chip is used to collect the waste liquid generated by all the separation units of the microfluidic chip; The waste liquid channel is connected at its end along the fluid flow direction to the waste liquid outlet provided in the microfluidic chip.

6. The fluid purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The n microfluidic chips are grouped in one or more organizational patterns, wherein the organizational patterns are as follows: A parallel organization mode, in which a group containing two or more microfluidic chips is in parallel mode, the raw liquid inlet, the clean liquid outlet and the waste liquid outlet of all the microfluidic chips in the group are respectively connected; In a serial organization mode, when a group containing two or more microfluidic chips is in serial mode, the clean liquid outlet of the microfluidic chip at the beginning of the fluid flow direction in the group is connected to the raw liquid inlet of the next microfluidic chip, and so on. A cascaded organization mode, in which a group containing two or more microfluidic chips is in cascaded mode, the waste liquid outlet of the microfluidic chip at the beginning of the fluid flow direction in the group is connected to the raw liquid inlet of the next microfluidic chip, and so on sequentially.

7. The fluid purification device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two or more microfluidic chipsets employing one or more of the aforementioned organizational patterns are grouped according to one or more of the aforementioned organizational patterns.

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