Waste incineration treatment system

Abstract

This invention discloses a waste incineration system, comprising an incineration unit, a flue gas treatment unit, and an ash collection bin. The flue gas treatment unit includes a waste heat recovery component and a flue gas purification component. The inlet of the waste heat recovery component is connected to the outlet of the incineration unit, and the waste heat recovery component can recover heat from the incineration flue gas. The inlet of the flue gas purification component is connected to the outlet of the waste heat recovery component, and the flue gas purification component can purify the incineration flue gas. The inlet of the ash collection bin, the ash discharge outlet of the waste heat recovery component, and the ash discharge outlet of the flue gas purification component are all connected. The outlet of the ash collection bin is connected to the inlet of the incineration unit. This waste incineration system can collect the ash and slag generated from each stage of waste incineration into the ash collection bin, and then re-input it into the incineration unit for "secondary" incineration. This allows dioxins contained in the ash and slag to be decomposed at high temperatures, reducing dioxin emissions and preventing chemical pollution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste treatment technology, and more specifically, to a waste incineration system. Background Technology

[0002] Waste generated in daily life or industrial production is large in volume and complex in composition. If it is not properly disposed of, it will seriously pollute the environment. At present, incineration is an effective waste treatment method. After waste is treated by incineration, the volume reduction effect is significant. It can not only save a lot of landfill space and eliminate various pathogens, but also convert the internal energy of waste into heat energy or electrical energy, realizing energy recovery and utilization. Therefore, incineration is a waste treatment technology widely used by countries around the world.

[0003] In related technologies, due to the complex composition of waste or the imperfect waste incineration process, dioxins are easily emitted in each step of the waste incineration process, causing serious chemical hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a waste incineration system that addresses the defects and deficiencies of the prior art. The waste incineration system can collect the ash and residue produced in each process of waste incineration into a collection bin, and then re-input the ash and residue into the incineration unit for "secondary" incineration. As a result, the dioxins contained in the ash and residue will be decomposed at high temperature, reducing the amount of dioxins emitted and avoiding chemical pollution.

[0005] The waste incineration system of this invention includes: an incineration unit having an inlet for inputting waste, a ash discharge outlet for discharging incinerated ash, and an outlet for discharging incinerated flue gas; a flue gas treatment unit including a waste heat recovery component and a flue gas purification component, wherein the inlet of the waste heat recovery component is connected to the outlet of the incineration unit and the waste heat recovery component can recover heat from the incineration flue gas, and the inlet of the flue gas purification component is connected to the outlet of the waste heat recovery component and the flue gas purification component can purify the incineration flue gas; and an ash collection bin having an inlet, an outlet of the waste heat recovery component, and an ash discharge outlet of the flue gas purification component all connected, and an outlet of the ash collection bin being connected to the inlet of the incineration unit.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the waste incineration system of the present invention, the flue gas treatment unit includes a waste heat recovery component and a flue gas purification component. The inlet of the waste heat recovery component is connected to the outlet of the incineration unit, and the waste heat recovery component can recover the heat of the incineration flue gas. The inlet of the flue gas purification component is connected to the outlet of the waste heat recovery component, and the flue gas purification component can purify the incineration flue gas. The inlet of the ash collection bin, the ash discharge outlet of the waste heat recovery component and the ash discharge outlet of the flue gas purification component are all connected. The outlet of the ash collection bin is connected to the inlet of the incineration unit. Thus, the ash and slag produced in each process of waste incineration, including the slag discharged from the incineration unit, the soot deposited on the heating surface in the waste heat recovery component, and the residue generated by the flue gas purification component during the flue gas purification process, can be uniformly collected in the ash collection bin and then reintroduced into the incineration unit for "secondary" incineration treatment. As a result, the dioxins contained in the ash and slag will be decomposed at high temperature, minimizing the amount of dioxin emitted and avoiding chemical pollution.

[0007] In some embodiments, the inlet of the incineration unit includes a first inlet and a second inlet. The first inlet can feed lumpy waste into the incineration unit, and the second inlet can feed powdery waste into the incineration unit. The outlet of the ash collection hopper is connected to the second inlet.

[0008] In some embodiments, the inlet of the incineration unit further includes a third inlet, which can spray leachate into the incineration unit.

[0009] In some embodiments, a waste pretreatment unit is further included, wherein the solid discharge port of the waste pretreatment unit is connected to the first inlet, and the liquid discharge port of the waste pretreatment unit is connected to the third inlet.

[0010] In some embodiments, the waste heat recovery assembly includes a waste heat boiler, the air inlet of which is connected to the air outlet of the incineration unit, and the ash discharge port of the waste heat boiler is connected to the feed port of the ash collection silo.

[0011] In some embodiments, the waste heat recovery assembly further includes a gas-solid separator, a quench tower, and a heat exchanger. The inlet of the gas-solid separator is connected to the outlet of the waste heat boiler, the outlet of the gas-solid separator is connected to the inlet of the quench tower, the slag outlet of the gas-solid separator is connected to the inlet of the ash collection bin, and the outlet of the quench tower is connected to the heat source chamber of the heat exchanger.

[0012] In some embodiments, the cold source chamber of the heat exchanger is adapted to be circulated with ambient temperature gas, and the outlet of the cold source chamber is connected to the second feed inlet and / or the third feed inlet.

[0013] In some embodiments, the flue gas purification assembly includes a denitrification tower and a desulfurization tower, wherein the inlet of the denitrification tower is connected to the outlet of the quench tower, and the inlet of the desulfurization tower is connected to the outlet of the denitrification tower.

[0014] In some embodiments, the flue gas purification assembly further includes an adsorption tower, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the desulfurization tower, the slag outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the ash collection silo, and the outlet of which leads to the chimney.

[0015] In some embodiments, the waste incineration system further includes a gasifier, the gasifier's inlet being connected to the ash collection bin's outlet, the gasifier's air inlet being connected to the cold source chamber's outlet, and the gasifier's outlet being connected to the second inlet. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a waste incineration system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure label:

[0018] Incineration unit 1, first feed inlet 11, second feed inlet 12, third feed inlet 13, flue gas treatment unit 2, waste heat boiler 211, gas-solid separator 212, quench tower 213, heat exchanger 214, denitrification tower 221, desulfurization tower 222, adsorption tower 223, ash collection bin 3, pulverizer 31, gasifier 32, water treatment unit 4, waste pretreatment unit 5. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the waste incineration system of this invention includes an incineration unit 1, a flue gas treatment unit 2, and an ash collection bin 3.

[0021] Specifically, the incineration unit 1 has a feed inlet for inputting waste, a ash discharge outlet for discharging incinerated ash, and an exhaust outlet for discharging incinerated flue gas. The flue gas treatment unit 2 includes a waste heat recovery component and a flue gas purification component. The inlet of the waste heat recovery component is connected to the exhaust outlet of the incineration unit 1, and the waste heat recovery component can recover the heat of the incineration flue gas. The inlet of the flue gas purification component is connected to the exhaust outlet of the waste heat recovery component, and the flue gas purification component can purify the incineration flue gas. The feed inlet of the ash collection bin 3, the ash discharge outlet of the waste heat recovery component and the exhaust outlet of the flue gas purification component are all connected. The exhaust outlet of the ash collection bin 3 is connected to the feed inlet of the incineration unit 1.

[0022] It should be noted that dioxins produced during waste incineration can easily adhere to the ash or be mixed in the flue gas. Randomly discharging these dioxin-containing ash or flue gas can cause serious chemical hazards. However, in the waste incineration system of this application, the ash produced in each step of the waste incineration process, such as the slag discharged from incineration unit 1, the soot deposited on the heating surface in the waste heat recovery component, and the residue generated by the flue gas purification component during the flue gas purification process, can be uniformly collected in the ash collection bin 3 and then reintroduced into incineration unit 1 for "secondary" incineration. In this way, the dioxins contained in the ash will be decomposed at high temperature, thereby minimizing the amount of dioxin emitted and avoiding chemical pollution.

[0023] Preferably, the waste incineration system further includes a water treatment unit 4, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the waste heat recovery component and the flue gas purification component, and the water treatment unit 4 can purify the wastewater discharged by the waste heat recovery component and the flue gas purification component.

[0024] It is understandable that the wastewater generated during flue gas waste heat recovery and flue gas purification may contain acid radicals, volatile heavy metals, etc. Water treatment unit 4 can perform deacidification treatment and heavy metal precipitation treatment on the wastewater. As a result, the treated wastewater can be reused, for example, for greening of the waste treatment plant area, garbage truck cleaning, water replenishment for waste heat boiler 211, flue gas purification spraying, etc., reducing the operating cost of waste treatment.

[0025] According to an embodiment of the waste incineration system of the present invention, the flue gas treatment unit includes a waste heat recovery component and a flue gas purification component. The inlet of the waste heat recovery component is connected to the outlet of the incineration unit, and the waste heat recovery component can recover the heat of the incineration flue gas. The inlet of the flue gas purification component is connected to the outlet of the waste heat recovery component, and the flue gas purification component can purify the incineration flue gas. The inlet of the ash collection bin, the ash discharge outlet of the waste heat recovery component and the ash discharge outlet of the flue gas purification component are all connected. The outlet of the ash collection bin is connected to the inlet of the incineration unit. Thus, the ash and slag produced in each process of waste incineration, including the slag discharged from the incineration unit, the soot deposited on the heating surface in the waste heat recovery component, and the residue generated by the flue gas purification component during the flue gas purification process, can be uniformly collected in the ash collection bin and then reintroduced into the incineration unit for "secondary" incineration treatment. As a result, the dioxins contained in the ash and slag will be decomposed at high temperature, minimizing the amount of dioxin emitted and avoiding chemical pollution.

[0026] Furthermore, such as Figure 1As shown, the inlet of the incineration unit 1 includes a first inlet 11 and a second inlet 12. The first inlet 11 can feed block waste into the incineration unit 1, and the second inlet 12 can feed powder waste into the incineration unit 1. The outlet of the ash collection bin 3 is connected to the second inlet 12.

[0027] In other words, the ash collected in the ash collection bin 3 and the lumpy waste are fed into the incineration unit 1 through different feed ports, thereby avoiding the mixing of powdery ash with lumpy waste. The ash can enter the incineration unit 1 for secondary combustion on its own, ensuring that the dioxins in the ash can be fully decomposed.

[0028] Preferably, the slag discharge port of the incineration unit 1 is connected to the feed port of the ash collection silo 3 through the pulverizer 31. Thus, the slag discharged from the incineration unit 1 can be pulverized by the pulverizer 31 and then discharged into the ash collection silo 3, ensuring that the ash in the ash collection silo 3 is in powder form and avoiding blockage when the ash enters the second feed port 12 from the ash collection silo 3.

[0029] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the inlet of the incineration unit 1 also includes a third inlet 13, which can spray leachate into the incineration unit 1. Thus, the waste incineration treatment system of this application can be used to treat leachate generated from waste accumulation, avoiding the need to add other sewage treatment equipment in the waste treatment plant and reducing waste treatment costs.

[0030] Preferably, the third feed inlet 13 can be sprayed with a spraying device to spray the landfill leachate into the incineration unit 1 for treatment, thereby the incineration unit 1 can heat the landfill leachate at high temperature, promoting the high-temperature decomposition of organic matter or toxic and harmful substances in the landfill leachate.

[0031] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a waste pretreatment unit 5, the solid discharge port of the waste pretreatment unit 5 is connected to the first feed port 11, and the liquid discharge port of the waste pretreatment unit 5 is connected to the third feed port 13.

[0032] In other words, the waste pretreatment unit 5 can separate the bulk waste from the leachate, and feed the bulk waste into the incineration unit 1 through the first feed inlet 11, while feed the leachate into the incineration unit 1 through the third feed inlet 13. In this way, the two types of waste enter the incineration unit 1 independently for combustion, avoiding the mixing of leachate and waste during combustion, which would affect the efficiency of waste incineration.

[0033] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the waste heat recovery assembly includes a waste heat boiler 211, the air inlet of which is connected to the air outlet of the incineration unit 1, and the ash discharge port of the waste heat boiler 211 is connected to the feed inlet of the ash collection bin 3.

[0034] It is understandable that the waste heat boiler 211 can use the heat from the flue gas discharged from the incineration unit 1 to heat water to a certain temperature for use in other processes. During this process, the soot in the flue gas will gradually be deposited on the heating surface of the waste heat boiler 211. Therefore, the waste heat boiler 211 needs to be cleaned regularly. The waste incineration system of this application can use the ash collection bin 3 to collect the soot cleaned from the waste heat boiler 211, thereby avoiding the direct discharge of dioxins in this part of the soot and pollution of the environment.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the waste heat recovery assembly also includes a gas-solid separator 212, a quench tower 213, and a heat exchanger 214. The inlet of the gas-solid separator 212 is connected to the outlet of the waste heat boiler 211, the outlet of the gas-solid separator 212 is connected to the inlet of the quench tower 213, the slag discharge port of the gas-solid separator 212 is connected to the feed port of the ash collection bin 3, and the water outlet of the quench tower 213 is connected to the heat source chamber of the heat exchanger 214.

[0036] It should be noted that after being processed by the waste heat boiler 211, the temperature of the flue gas discharged from the incineration unit 1 generally becomes about 400℃. In order to further utilize the waste heat in the flue gas, the waste incineration system of this application is also equipped with a gas-solid separator 212, a quench tower 213 and a heat exchanger 214. The gas-solid separator 212 can separate the soot in the flue gas and discharge it into the ash collection bin 3 for centralized treatment. The quench tower 213 can condense the remaining flue gas discharged from the gas-solid separator 212 and then discharge the collected condensate into the heat source chamber of the heat exchanger 214. Thus, the heat in the condensate can be transferred to the cold source chamber of the heat exchanger 214 for utilization, thereby improving the waste heat recovery rate of the waste incineration system of this application.

[0037] It should be noted that the optimal temperature range for dioxin formation is 250-350℃. However, in the waste incineration system of this application, the temperature of the combustion flue gas can be rapidly reduced from about 400℃ to below 250℃ in the quench tower 213, thereby effectively inhibiting the formation of dioxins.

[0038] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the cold source chamber of heat exchanger 214 is suitable for introducing ambient temperature gas, and the outlet of the cold source chamber is connected to the second feed port 12 and / or the third feed port 13.

[0039] Understandably, the ash from the second feed inlet 12 or the leachate from the third feed inlet 13 can be mixed with the high-temperature gas discharged from the cold source chamber. In this way, the high-temperature gas can preheat the ash or atomize the leachate at high temperature, thereby improving the treatment efficiency of the ash and leachate.

[0040] Furthermore, such as Figure 1As shown, the flue gas purification assembly includes a denitrification tower 221 and a desulfurization tower 222. The inlet of the denitrification tower 221 is connected to the outlet of the quench tower 213, and the inlet of the desulfurization tower 222 is connected to the outlet of the denitrification tower 221.

[0041] It is understandable that after the condensation treatment by the quench tower 213, the flue gas discharged from the incineration unit 1 consists of pure gas. This gas still needs to be denitrified and desulfurized before it can be discharged into the atmosphere, thereby improving the environmental friendliness of the waste incineration system of this application.

[0042] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the flue gas purification assembly also includes an adsorption tower 223. The inlet of the adsorption tower 223 is connected to the outlet of the desulfurization tower 222, the slag outlet of the adsorption tower 223 is connected to the inlet of the ash collection bin 3, and the outlet of the adsorption tower 223 leads to the chimney.

[0043] It should be noted that activated carbon is generally added to the adsorption tower 223 to absorb dioxins mixed in the combustion flue gas. The activated carbon that has adsorbed dioxins can be discharged to the incineration unit 1 through the ash collection bin 3 for combustion treatment, thereby further reducing the amount of dioxins emitted.

[0044] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the waste incineration system also includes a gasifier 32. The inlet of the gasifier 32 is connected to the outlet of the ash collection bin 3, the air inlet of the gasifier 32 is connected to the outlet of the cold source chamber, and the outlet of the gasifier 32 is connected to the second inlet 12.

[0045] It should be noted that the activated carbon powder that adsorbs pollutants, the flue ash regularly cleaned by the waste heat boiler 211, and the flue ash separated by the gas-solid separator 212 have a high carbon content. The gasifier 32 can mix this part of the ash with the high-temperature gas discharged from the heat exchanger 214 to produce coal gas. When the gasifier 32 introduces the coal gas into the second or third feed port, the highly combustible coal gas can be mixed with the ash and leachate, thereby improving the treatment efficiency of the ash and leachate.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0047] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0048] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0049] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0050] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0051] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste incineration system, characterized in that, include: The incineration unit has a feed inlet for inputting waste, a discharge outlet for discharging incinerated ash, and a gas outlet for discharging incinerated flue gas. The feed inlet of the incineration unit includes a first feed inlet, a second feed inlet, and a third feed inlet. The first feed inlet can input lumpy waste into the incineration unit, the second feed inlet can input powdery waste into the incineration unit, and the third feed inlet can spray leachate into the incineration unit. A flue gas treatment unit, comprising a waste heat recovery component and a flue gas purification component, wherein the inlet of the waste heat recovery component is connected to the outlet of the incineration unit and the waste heat recovery component can recover the heat of the incineration flue gas, and the inlet of the flue gas purification component is connected to the outlet of the waste heat recovery component and the flue gas purification component can purify the incineration flue gas. The ash collection bin has its inlet connected to the slag discharge outlets of both the waste heat recovery component and the flue gas purification component, and its outlet connected to the second inlet of the incineration unit, so that the ash and slag in the ash collection bin can be returned to the incineration unit for secondary combustion to decompose dioxins. The waste heat recovery assembly includes a waste heat boiler, a gas-solid separator, and a quench tower. The inlet of the waste heat boiler is connected to the outlet of the incineration unit, the ash discharge port of the waste heat boiler is connected to the inlet of the ash collection silo, the inlet of the gas-solid separator is connected to the outlet of the waste heat boiler, the outlet of the gas-solid separator is connected to the inlet of the quench tower, and the ash discharge port of the gas-solid separator is connected to the inlet of the ash collection silo. The temperature of the combustion flue gas can be rapidly reduced to below 250°C in the quench tower to avoid the temperature range of dioxin resynthesis.

2. The waste incineration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a waste pretreatment unit, wherein the solid discharge port of the waste pretreatment unit is connected to the first inlet, and the liquid discharge port of the waste pretreatment unit is connected to the third inlet.

3. The waste incineration system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The waste heat recovery assembly also includes a heat exchanger, and the outlet of the quench tower is connected to the heat source chamber of the heat exchanger.

4. The waste incineration system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cold source chamber of the heat exchanger is suitable for introducing ambient temperature gas, and the outlet of the cold source chamber is connected to the second feed inlet and / or the third feed inlet.

5. The waste incineration system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The flue gas purification assembly includes a denitrification tower and a desulfurization tower. The inlet of the denitrification tower is connected to the outlet of the quench tower, and the inlet of the desulfurization tower is connected to the outlet of the denitrification tower.

6. The waste incineration system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The flue gas purification assembly also includes an adsorption tower, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the desulfurization tower, the slag outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the ash collection silo, and the outlet of which leads to the chimney.

7. The waste incineration system according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a gasifier, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the ash collection silo, the air inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the cold source chamber, and the outlet of which is connected to the second inlet.

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