A distractor for oral and maxillofacial surgery

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of medical devices, and more particularly to a retractor for oral and maxillofacial surgery. It includes a base plate, a spring, a first support column, a second support column, and a lifting mechanism. The first support column is fixedly connected to the base plate, and the second support column is sleeved on the first support column. A spring is fixed between the second support column and the base plate, and the spring is sleeved on the first support column. A lifting mechanism for adjusting the support height is provided on the upper part of the outer wall of the second support column. This invention adjusts the rise and fall of the stud through the cooperation of gears and a gear ring, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the support height. The threaded engagement of the rack and stud locks the stud in position, maintaining a fixed retraction distance. When the patient bites, the rack, with the cooperation of a guide post and a guide plate, releases the lock on the stud, allowing the stud to move downwards and preventing damage to the patient's teeth. The flexible support of the dental pad also cushions sudden bites.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical devices, and more particularly to a retractor for use in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Background Technology

[0002] Oral and maxillofacial surgery is a discipline primarily focused on surgical treatment, with a focus on the prevention and treatment of diseases of the oral organs, maxillofacial bones, facial soft tissues, salivary glands, temporomandibular joint, and certain neck conditions. Oral and maxillofacial surgery includes traditional oral surgery, such as dental and alveolar surgery, pre-prosthetic surgery, salivary gland diseases, temporomandibular joint disorders, and maxillofacial injuries, as well as maxillofacial plastic surgery, orthognathic surgery, and head and neck tumors. Common surgeries in oral and maxillofacial surgery include jaw cyst removal, extraction of cleft lip and palate, impacted or supernumerary teeth, and surgery for parotid or submandibular gland tumors.

[0003] Oral and maxillofacial surgery often requires the use of retractors to help open the patient's mouth. Some existing oral and maxillofacial surgical retractors are generally quite large. After the retractor is inserted into the mouth, it takes up too much space, reducing the space available for the surgeon to operate. Moreover, some patients do not receive anesthesia during surgery, so they will feel pain during the procedure and bite down. However, existing retractors are generally supported by a rigid structure, which can easily cause the retractor to bump or knock against the patient's teeth when the patient suddenly bites down. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a retractor for oral and maxillofacial surgery, which overcomes the shortcomings of existing oral and maxillofacial surgical retractors, which are generally large in size, occupy too much space after being inserted into the oral cavity, resulting in less operating space for doctors, and use rigid structure support, which is prone to causing damage to the patient's teeth.

[0005] A retractor for oral and maxillofacial surgery includes a base plate, a spring, a first support column, a second support column, a lifting mechanism, a locking mechanism, an unlocking mechanism, a transmission column, a stud, a mounting plate, and a support mechanism. The first support column is fixedly connected to the base plate, and the second support column is sleeved on the first support column. A spring is fixedly connected between the second support column and the base plate, and the spring is sleeved on the first support column. The upper part of the outer wall of the second support column is provided with a lifting mechanism for adjusting the support height, and the lower part of the outer wall of the second support column is provided with a locking mechanism for locking the support height. The locking mechanism is provided with an unlocking mechanism for releasing the support lock. A transmission column that transmits torque to the lifting mechanism is sleeved on the outer wall of the second support column. A stud is slidably sleeved on the transmission column, and the stud has external threads. A mounting plate is slidably sleeved on the upper end face of the stud. Both the mounting plate and the base plate are provided with support mechanisms.

[0006] Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes a connecting plate, a rotating shaft, a gear, and a gear ring. The connecting plate is installed on the upper part of the second support column, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the connecting plate. The outer end face of the rotating shaft has a polygonal slot for inserting an adjustment tool. The inner end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a gear, and the lower part of the transmission column is fixedly sleeved with a gear ring. The gear and the gear ring mesh with each other.

[0007] Preferably, the locking mechanism includes an elastic connecting rod, an annular plate, and a rack. The elastic connecting rod is fixedly connected to the front side of the second support column, the annular plate is fixedly connected to the elastic connecting rod, and the rack is fixedly connected to the annular plate. The rack is threadedly engaged with the stud.

[0008] Preferably, the unlocking mechanism includes guide posts and guide plates. Guide posts are symmetrically fixed to the left and right sides of the annular plate, and guide plates are symmetrically fixed to the left and right sides of the base plate. The rear part of the guide plate is inclined, and the guide posts slide on the inclined surface of the guide plate.

[0009] Preferably, the support mechanism includes a dental pad, a connecting rod, and a tooth clamp. A concave dental pad is fixed to the upper surface of the mounting plate. A pair of connecting rods are provided at both the front and rear of the dental pad. A tooth clamp is provided inside the dental pad. The tooth clamp consists of two concave clips on the left and right sides for clamping the teeth. The concave part of the clip is rotatably connected to the connecting rod on the corresponding side.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a soft cloth, and the two side walls of the tooth clip are fitted with a soft cloth to reduce collision and friction between the tooth clip and the teeth.

[0011] Preferably, the side of the transmission column is provided with at least one tangential plane for transmitting rotational torque between itself and the inner wall of the stud.

[0012] Preferably, the dental pad is made of an elastic material, and both the dental pad and the dental clip are made of non-toxic silicone.

[0013] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. This invention adjusts the rise and fall of the stud through the cooperation of gears and gear rings, thereby making it easier to adjust the support height. The stud is locked in position by the threaded engagement of the rack and the stud to keep the opening distance fixed. When the patient bites, the rack can release the lock on the stud with the cooperation of the guide post and the guide plate, allowing the stud to move down and preventing damage to the patient's teeth. The flexible support of the dental pad can also buffer the patient's sudden biting.

[0015] 2. This invention is small in size and simple to operate. After the various mechanisms work together to open the patient's mouth, it can leave enough operating space for the doctor to perform the operation. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the base plate, first support column, second support column, and studs of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lifting mechanism, locking mechanism, and unlocking mechanism of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the dental pad and dental clip of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connecting plate, rotating shaft, gear, and gear ring of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the locking mechanism and unlocking mechanism of the present invention.

[0022] The labels in the attached diagram are as follows: 1-base plate, 2-spring, 31-first support column, 32-second support column, 4-lifting mechanism, 5-locking mechanism, 6-unlocking mechanism, 7-transmission column, 71-cutting plane, 8-stud, 9-mounting plate, 10-support mechanism, 401-connecting plate, 402-rotating shaft, 403-gear, 404-gear ring, 405-slot, 501-elastic connecting rod, 502-ring plate, 503-rack, 601-guide column, 602-guide plate, 101-tooth pad, 102-connecting rod, 103-tooth clamp, 11-soft cloth. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] A retractor used in oral and maxillofacial surgery, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the system includes a base plate 1, a spring 2, a first support column 31, a second support column 32, a lifting mechanism 4, a locking mechanism 5, an unlocking mechanism 6, a transmission column 7, a stud 8, a mounting plate 9, and a support mechanism 10. The first support column 31 is fixedly connected to the base plate 1, and the second support column 32 is sleeved on the first support column 31. A spring 2 is fixed between the second support column 32 and the base plate 1, and the spring 2 is sleeved on the first support column 31. A lifting mechanism 4 for adjusting the support height is provided on the upper part of the outer wall of the second support column 32. The lower part of the outer wall of the second support column 32... The part is provided with a locking mechanism 5 for locking the support height. The locking mechanism 5 is provided with an unlocking mechanism 6 for releasing the support lock. The outer wall of the second support column 32 is sleeved with a transmission column 7 for transmitting torque to the lifting mechanism 4. The side of the transmission column 7 is provided with at least one cutting plane 71 for transmitting rotational torque between it and the inner wall of the stud 8. The stud 8 is slidably sleeved on the transmission column 7. The stud 8 is provided with external threads. The upper end face of the stud 8 is slidably sleeved with a mounting plate 9. Both the mounting plate 9 and the base plate 1 are provided with support mechanisms 10.

[0026] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the lifting mechanism 4 includes a connecting plate 401, a rotating shaft 402, a gear 403, and a gear ring 404. The connecting plate 401 is installed on the upper part of the second support column 32. The rotating shaft 402 is rotatably inserted into the connecting plate 401. The outer end face of the rotating shaft 402 has a polygonal slot 405 for inserting an adjustment tool. The inner end of the rotating shaft 402 is connected to the gear 403 by a key. The lower part of the transmission column 7 is connected to the gear ring 404 by a key. The gear 403 and the gear ring 404 mesh with each other.

[0027] like Figure 3 As shown, the locking mechanism 5 includes an elastic connecting rod 501, an annular plate 502 and a rack 503. The elastic connecting rod 501 is fixed to the front side of the second support column 32. The annular plate 502 is welded onto the elastic connecting rod 501. The rack 503 is riveted onto the annular plate 502. The rack 503 is threadedly engaged with the stud 8.

[0028] like Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the unlocking mechanism 6 includes a guide post 601 and a guide plate 602. The guide post 601 is symmetrically welded on the left and right sides of the annular plate 502, and the guide plate 602 is symmetrically welded on the left and right sides of the bottom plate 1. The rear part of the guide plate 602 is inclined, and the guide post 601 slides on the inclined surface of the guide plate 602.

[0029] like Figure 4As shown, the support mechanism 10 includes a dental pad 101, a connecting rod 102, and a tooth clip 103. A concave dental pad 101 is installed on the upper surface of the mounting plate 9 by screws. A pair of connecting rods 102 are installed on both the front and back of the dental pad 101 by bolts. A tooth clip 103 is installed inside the dental pad 101 by bolts. The tooth clip 103 consists of two concave clips on the left and right for clamping teeth. The concave part of the clip is hinged to the connecting rod 102 on the corresponding side. The dental pad 101 is made of elastic material, and both the dental pad 101 and the tooth clip 103 are made of non-toxic silicone material.

[0030] In use, first open the patient's mouth, then place the upper and lower dental pads 101 onto the upper and lower teeth at the predetermined positions in the patient's mouth. The two clamps of the tooth clips 103 are squeezed and rotate in opposite directions to clamp the upper and lower teeth. Insert the appropriate wrench or other adjustment tool into the slot 405 of the rotating shaft 402. Rotating the wrench in both directions drives the gear 403 to rotate. The gear 403 meshes with the gear ring 404, which in turn causes the transmission column 7 connected to it to rotate around the second support column 32. Under the threaded guidance of the rack 503, the stud 8 is driven to slide up or down to adjust the width of the mouth opening. When the patient bites, the elastic dental pads 101 first play a certain role in buffering the biting force. The mounting plate 9 presses down on the stud 8, causing the stud 8 and the transmission column 7 to press down on the second support column 32. This causes the guide column 601 on the annular plate 502 connected to the second support column 32 to move downward along the inclined surface of the guide plate 602. At the same time, the rack 503 moves away from the stud 8. At this time, the elastic connecting rod 501 and the spring 2 are both in a compressed state. When the patient no longer bites, under the elastic reset of the elastic connecting rod 501 and the spring 2, the guide column 601 on the annular plate 502 slides upward along the inclined surface of the guide plate 602, while driving the rack 503 to move closer to the stud 8 until the rack 503 contacts and locks with the stud 8, maintaining the initial support state.

[0031] It also includes a soft cloth 11. The two sides of the tooth clip 103 are fitted with soft cloth 11 to reduce the collision and friction between the tooth clip 103 and the teeth. With the soft cloth 11 installed, the teeth will not be bumped when the tooth clip 103 clamps the teeth. When adjusting the position of the tooth pad 101, the friction between the tooth clip 103 and the teeth can be reduced.

[0032] The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications, improvements, and substitutions without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A retractor for use in oral and maxillofacial surgery, characterized in that, The system includes a base plate (1), a spring (2), a first support column (31), a second support column (32), a lifting mechanism (4), a locking mechanism (5), an unlocking mechanism (6), a transmission column (7), a stud (8), a mounting plate (9), and a support mechanism (10). The first support column (31) is fixedly connected to the base plate (1), and the second support column (32) is sleeved on the first support column (31). A spring (2) is fixedly connected between the second support column (32) and the base plate (1). The spring (2) is sleeved on the first support column (31). The upper part of the outer wall of the second support column (32) is provided with a mechanism for adjustment. The second column (32) is provided with a lifting mechanism (4) for supporting the height of the section. The lower part of the outer wall of the second column (32) is provided with a locking mechanism (5) for locking the height of the support. The locking mechanism (5) is provided with an unlocking mechanism (6) for releasing the support lock. The outer wall of the second column (32) is sleeved with a transmission column (7) for transmitting torque to the lifting mechanism (4). A stud (8) is slidably sleeved on the transmission column (7). The stud (8) is provided with external threads. The upper end face of the stud (8) is slidably sleeved with a mounting plate (9). Both the mounting plate (9) and the base plate (1) are provided with support mechanisms (10). The lifting mechanism (4) includes a connecting plate (401), a rotating shaft (402), a gear (403), and a gear ring (404). The connecting plate (401) is installed on the upper part of the second support column (32). The rotating shaft (402) is rotatably connected to the connecting plate (401). The outer end face of the rotating shaft (402) has a polygonal slot (405) for inserting an adjustment tool. The gear (403) is fixedly connected to the inner end of the rotating shaft (402). The gear ring (404) is fixedly sleeved on the lower part of the transmission column (7). The gear (403) and the gear ring (404) mesh with each other. The locking mechanism (5) includes an elastic connecting rod (501), an annular plate (502) and a rack (503). The elastic connecting rod (501) is fixed to the front side of the second support column (32). The annular plate (502) is fixed to the elastic connecting rod (501). The rack (503) is fixed to the annular plate (502). The rack (503) is threadedly engaged with the stud (8). The unlocking mechanism (6) includes a guide post (601) and a guide plate (602). The guide post (601) is symmetrically fixed to the left and right sides of the annular plate (502). The guide plate (1) is symmetrically fixed to the left and right sides of the bottom plate (1). The rear part of the guide plate (602) is inclined. The guide post (601) slides on the inclined surface of the guide plate (602). The support mechanism (10) includes a dental pad (101), a connecting rod (102) and a tooth clip (103). A concave dental pad (101) is fixed to the upper end face of the mounting plate (9). A pair of connecting rods (102) are provided at the front and back of the dental pad (101). A tooth clip (103) is provided inside the dental pad (101). The tooth clip (103) is composed of two concave clips on the left and right sides for clamping teeth. The concave part of the clip is rotatably connected to the connecting rod (102) on the corresponding side. The rise and fall of the stud (8) is adjusted by the cooperation of the gear (403) and the toothed ring (404) to adjust the support height. The position of the stud (8) is locked by the threaded cooperation of the rack (503) and the stud (8) to keep the opening distance fixed. When the patient bites, the rack (503) releases the lock on the stud (8) with the cooperation of the guide post (601) and the guide plate (602), so that the stud (8) has room to move down to prevent damage to the patient's teeth. The flexible support of the dental pad (101) plays a buffering role against the patient's sudden bite.

2. The retractor for oral and maxillofacial surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a soft cloth (11), which is installed on both sides of the tooth clip (103) to reduce collision and friction between the tooth clip (103) and the teeth.

3. A retractor for oral and maxillofacial surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission column (7) has at least one cutting plane (71) on its side for transmitting rotational torque between itself and the inner wall of the stud (8).

4. A retractor for oral and maxillofacial surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that, The dental pad (101) is made of elastic material, and the dental pad (101) and the dental clip (103) are made of non-toxic silicone material.

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