Construction column for use in winter

Abstract

This invention discloses a structural column fixing template for winter use, comprising a first combined permanent magnet template, a second combined permanent magnet template, and a temperature sensor. The first and second combined permanent magnet templates are respectively placed on both sides of a masonry wall, forming a pouring space for the structural column with the two masonry walls. Each of the two combined permanent magnet templates contains an iron core coil, designated as a first iron core coil and a second iron core coil. The first iron core coil, a first parallel circuit, a mobile distribution box, a transformer, a main switch, an ammeter, a second parallel circuit, and the second iron core coil are connected in sequence. The temperature sensor collects the concrete temperature within the pouring space and transmits it to a processor, which controls a heating element to heat the concrete within the pouring space based on this temperature. This invention ensures the quality of the structural column and solves the problems of concrete freezing and slow strength gain in existing structural columns.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building construction, specifically relating to a structural column fixing formwork for use in winter, which can be applied to the pouring of structural columns in secondary structural operations. Background Technology

[0002] Common defects in concrete construction during winter include peeling, cracking, and freezing. Peeling manifests as a powdery shedding of the concrete surface, forming a pitted surface. Due to the low temperatures in winter, concrete strength development is slow, and premature formwork removal easily leads to surface peeling. In addition, inadequate vibration during concrete pouring can also cause surface peeling. Concrete freezing occurs when free water in the concrete freezes at low temperatures, halting cement hydration. Freezing not only has a hidden and delayed effect but also significantly impacts the integrity, density, and durability of the concrete. Concrete freezing is difficult to control in terms of construction technology and project management, affecting not only construction quality but also project progress and cost control, making it a key focus and challenge in winter concrete construction management. Therefore, focusing on preventing concrete freezing, technological innovation and systematic management of winter concrete construction operations are essential and represent one of the inevitable trends in the future development of winter concrete construction management.

[0003] Existing methods for constructing structural columns typically involve using formwork, timber, and tie rods to secure the section to be poured. Concrete is then poured into the column through a funnel-shaped opening at the top using a concrete conveyor. A rubber mallet is then used to tap the concrete against the formwork to vibrate it. Columns constructed using this method are prone to quality defects such as honeycombing, pitting, exposed reinforcement, and voids. Furthermore, the extensive use of clamps and tie rods for securing the formwork and timber leaves numerous holes in the masonry wall, requiring later repairs with labor and mortar, resulting in unnecessary costs.

[0004] How to solve the problems of concrete freezing, slow concrete strength growth, and existing formwork issues has become the focus of research. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a structural column fixing template for use in winter. After using this structural column fixing template, the structural column is less likely to produce quality defects such as honeycomb, pitting, exposed reinforcement, and holes, thus ensuring the quality of the structural column. Moreover, it solves the problems of concrete freezing and slow concrete strength growth in existing structural columns.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0007] A structural column fixing template for winter use includes a first combined permanent magnet template, a second combined permanent magnet template, a first parallel circuit, a mobile distribution box, a transformer, a main switch, a second parallel circuit, an ammeter, a temperature sensor, a heating tube, and a processor.

[0008] The first combined permanent magnet template and the second combined permanent magnet template are placed on both sides of the masonry wall and fixed to both sides of the masonry wall by magnetic force, forming a structural column pouring space with the two masonry walls;

[0009] The first combined permanent magnet template contains a first iron core coil, and the second combined permanent magnet template contains a second iron core coil; one end of the first iron core coil, the first parallel circuit, the mobile distribution box, the transformer, and one end of the main switch are connected in sequence; the other end of the first iron core coil is connected to one end of the second iron core coil, and the other end of the second iron core coil, the second parallel circuit, the ammeter, and the other end of the main switch are connected in sequence.

[0010] The first parallel circuit includes a third iron core coil and a first switch. One end of the third iron core coil is connected to one end of the first switch, and the other end of the third iron core coil is connected to the other end of the first switch.

[0011] The second parallel circuit includes a fourth iron core coil and a second switch. One end of the fourth iron core coil is connected to one end of the second switch, and the other end of the fourth iron core coil is connected to the other end of the second switch.

[0012] There are two temperature sensors, installed on the outside of the first and second combined permanent magnet templates respectively. Each temperature sensor has three probes, which extend into the inside of the combined permanent magnet template from the upper, middle, and lower positions on the outside, respectively, to collect the concrete temperature in the pouring space and transmit the collected data to the processor. There are two sets of heating tubes, installed on the inside of the first and second combined permanent magnet templates respectively. Each set of heating tubes has two heating tubes, installed at the upper and lower positions on the inside of the combined permanent magnet template respectively. The processor controls the heating tubes to heat according to the data transmitted from the temperature sensors.

[0013] In use, the first and second combined permanent magnet templates are placed on both sides of the masonry wall, respectively, and are fixed to the masonry wall by magnetic force. When the main switch, the first switch, and the second switch are closed, the magnetic force of the first and second combined permanent magnet templates is enhanced, and they are more firmly fixed to the masonry wall. The temperature sensor collects the temperature of the concrete in the pouring space and transmits the temperature data to the processor. The processor controls the heating tube to heat the concrete in the pouring space according to the received temperature. When disassembling, the first and second switches are disconnected. The magnetic force generated by the third iron core coil cancels out the magnetic force of the first combined permanent magnet template, and the magnetic force generated by the fourth iron core coil cancels out the magnetic force of the second combined permanent magnet template.

[0014] According to the above scheme, both the first combined permanent magnet template and the second combined permanent magnet template include an upper template and a lower permanent magnet template. The upper template and the lower permanent magnet template are connected by an insulating folding rod, and the upper template can rotate freely along the insulating folding rod to fit against the lower permanent magnet template or at a certain angle (90°) to facilitate the installation of the unloading mechanism.

[0015] According to the above scheme, the upper template is an upper permanent magnet template, so that the upper permanent magnet template can be better fixed with the combined permanent magnet template when folded.

[0016] According to the above scheme, the length ratio of the upper template to the lower permanent magnet template is 1:2. The specific size data needs to be designed and customized in advance according to the floor height in the drawings.

[0017] According to the above scheme, the length of the first and second combined permanent magnet templates is within 150cm, and the thickness is within 10cm, ensuring sufficient length for the built-in iron core coil. The high density of the permanent magnets and the controlled template thickness prevent excessive overall weight. The width effectively covers the toothed joint of the structural column and extends a certain distance to cover the masonry wall. The number of pouring operations for the structural column is limited to three times. Layered pouring facilitates construction and ensures the quality of the structural column pouring. The surfaces of the first and second combined permanent magnet templates are coated with an epoxy resin anti-corrosion coating to reduce chemical activity, improve corrosion resistance, and effectively protect the magnetism.

[0018] According to the above scheme, the cable between the other end of the first iron core coil and one end of the second iron core coil is placed in a sleeve to better protect and disassemble the cable; the mobile distribution box is equipped with an air switch; the processor is placed in the mobile distribution box, and the processor receives the temperature data reflected in real time by the temperature sensor installed on the combined permanent magnet template, and controls the heating tube remotely to control the temperature of the concrete in the first and second combined permanent magnet templates.

[0019] According to the above scheme, the structural column fixing template also includes a material unloading mechanism. The material unloading mechanism includes a funnel bucket and an L-shaped frame located under the funnel bucket. In use, the L-shaped frame is placed on the first combined permanent magnet template or the second combined permanent magnet template, and concrete is poured through the funnel bucket on the L-shaped frame. The operation is very convenient.

[0020] According to the above scheme, the unloading mechanism is a permanent magnet unloading mechanism. The permanent magnet unloading mechanism is firmly attached to the first combined permanent magnet template or the second combined permanent magnet template. Before pouring the top of the structural column, the upper template is folded down and fixed by an insulating folding rod. Then, the funnel is attached to the folded upper template. The upper template and the permanent magnet unloading mechanism can be firmly fixed by electromagnetic effect, which facilitates the pouring of the structural column.

[0021] According to the above scheme, the short side of the L-shaped frame is connected to the horn bucket, and the length of the long side of the L-shaped frame is consistent with the length of the upper template of the first combined permanent magnet template or the second combined permanent magnet template, so that the unloading mechanism is firmly connected to the first combined permanent magnet template or the second combined permanent magnet template.

[0022] According to the above plan, the bottom of the funnel-shaped hopper is 13-17cm higher than the bottom of the beam to ensure the quality of the structural column pouring.

[0023] The core length of the parallel circuit (first parallel circuit, second parallel circuit) should be longer than the core length built into the template (first combined permanent magnet template, second combined permanent magnet template), and the number of coil turns should also be greater than the number of coil turns built into the template (first combined permanent magnet template, second combined permanent magnet template). Based on the magnetic flux calculation of the AC core coil, the optimal parameters for weakening the attraction between the first combined permanent magnet template and the second combined permanent magnet template are obtained.

[0024] The coils built into the first and second combined permanent magnet templates are similar to a current-carrying solenoid. When inserted into the iron core, the iron core, being a paramagnetic material with high permeability, significantly increases the magnetic induction intensity inside, magnetizing the iron core. This causes the magnetic fields of the first and second combined permanent magnet templates to overlap. This overlap is determined by the right-hand rule: grasp the current-carrying solenoid with your right hand, bending your four fingers in the direction of the current; the end pointed to by your thumb is the N pole, indicating the direction of the magnetic field lines. The iron core is made of soft iron, and the coils are effectively insulated with copper enameled wire.

[0025] In this invention, the ammeter displays the magnitude of the current flowing through the circuit; if the current is too high, the main switch can be manually disconnected. The transformer regulates the circuit voltage to prevent overload. The mobile distribution box must be configured strictly in accordance with the "Technical Specifications for Temporary Power Supply Safety at Construction Sites" and the "Guidelines for Power Safety," and is equipped with an air switch to provide short-circuit protection, isolation, current limiting, and overload protection.

[0026] The first and second combined permanent magnet templates attract the reinforcing steel bars within the structural column. These templates are positioned opposite each other on either side of the masonry wall based on the principle of opposite poles attracting each other, and are fixed in place, forming a cavity within the structural column. When the power is switched on, the main switch in the circuit is closed, and the branch switches (first and second switches) of each parallel circuit are closed. The iron core coils within the first and second combined permanent magnet templates generate magnetic fields due to the energization. According to the right-hand screw rule, this strengthens the magnetic fields of the templates, significantly enhancing the attraction between them and resulting in a stronger attraction and adhesion. After the structural column is poured and vibrated, the branch switches (first switch and second switch) of the two parallel circuits are disconnected. The current flows through the coils of the two parallel branches, and by the right-hand rule, a magnetic field different from that outside the iron core coils inside the first and second combined permanent magnet templates is generated. This weakens the attraction of the first and second combined permanent magnet templates to the structural column, making it easier to disassemble the first and second combined permanent magnet templates. The disassembled first and second combined permanent magnet templates have good reusability, which can effectively save material consumption and reduce construction costs.

[0027] To avoid the force generated by vibration causing the first and second combined permanent magnet templates to separate, the power of the vibration device should not exceed 3 kW.

[0028] In this invention, the processor can display the temperature of the concrete in the pouring space and remotely control the heating tube to execute heating / stop commands.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0030] By utilizing electromagnetic effects and the right-hand screw rule, the first and second combined permanent magnet templates are attracted and attached to each other and fixed on both sides of the masonry wall. There is no need to fix them with connectors such as sickle clips and tie rods, thereby avoiding quality defects such as honeycomb, pitting, exposed reinforcement, holes, knife clip holes and screw holes in the structural column, thus improving the quality of the structural column.

[0031] Before vibrating the structural column, starting the power supply can ensure that the first and second combination permanent magnet templates are firmly attached and bonded together, effectively solving the problem of cumbersome template installation in the traditional structural column pouring method and improving construction efficiency.

[0032] By setting up temperature sensors, heating tubes, and processors, the temperature of concrete in the pouring space can be controlled, thereby solving the problems of slow concrete strength growth and concrete freezing.

[0033] The first combined permanent magnet template, the second combined permanent magnet template, the first parallel circuit, the mobile distribution box, the transformer, the main switch, the second parallel circuit, the ammeter, etc. can all be reused, saving material consumption and reducing construction costs.

[0034] This invention can be applied to the casting of structural columns in specific regions during winter (when the average daily ambient temperature [the average of the highest and lowest temperatures or the average of the outdoor temperatures at 6:00, 14:00, and 21:00 local time] is below 5°C for three consecutive days or the lowest temperature is below -3°C).

[0035] This invention can effectively avoid the problem of cement moisture freezing easily during winter construction, which leads to material brittleness and the problem of weak hydration heat reaction and slow strength increase of concrete due to low temperature. It can also solve the problems of cumbersome formwork installation, insufficient vibration leading to honeycomb and pitted surface, and knife hole and screw hole caused by the use of sickle clamps and tie rods in traditional structural column pouring methods.

[0036] This invention can improve the quality of concrete vibration.

[0037] It has a simple structure and is easy to install and disassemble. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the accompanying drawings:

[0039] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the formwork for fixing structural columns used in winter;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the structural column fixing formwork used in winter;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the first combined permanent magnet template and the second combined permanent magnet template;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the first or second combined permanent magnet template and the unloading mechanism.

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the first or second combined permanent magnet template and the unloading mechanism.

[0044] In the diagram: 1. First combined permanent magnet template; 2. Second combined permanent magnet template; 3. First parallel circuit; 4. Mobile distribution box; 5. Transformer; 6. Main switch; 7. Second parallel circuit; 8. Ammeter; 9. First iron core coil; 10. Second iron core coil; 11. Third iron core coil; 12. First switch; 13. Fourth iron core coil; 14. Second switch; 15. Masonry wall; 17. Beam; 18. Pouring space; 19. Insulated folding rod; 20. Upper template; 21. Lower permanent magnet template; 22. Horn bucket; 23. L-shaped frame; 24. Air switch; 25. Temperature sensor; 25.1. Temperature probe; 26. Heating tube; 27. Processor. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0046] See Figures 1-5 A structural column fixing template for winter use includes a first combined permanent magnet template 1, a second combined permanent magnet template 2, a first parallel circuit 3, a mobile distribution box 4, a transformer 5, a main switch 6, a second parallel circuit 7, an ammeter 8, a temperature sensor 25, a heating tube 26, and a processor 27.

[0047] The first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 are respectively placed on both sides of the masonry wall 15 and fixed to both sides of the masonry wall 15 by magnetic force, forming a structural column pouring space 18 with the two masonry walls 15. Both the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 include an upper template 20 and a lower permanent magnet template 21 with a length ratio of 1:2. The upper template 20 and the lower permanent magnet template 21 are connected by an insulating folding rod 19, and the upper template 20 can rotate freely along the insulating folding rod 19 to fit against the lower permanent magnet template 21 or at a certain angle (90°) to facilitate the installation of the unloading mechanism. In a preferred embodiment, the upper template 20 can be a permanent magnet template to better fix it to the lower permanent magnet template 21 during folding. The length of the first-combination permanent magnet template 1 and the second-combination permanent magnet template 2 is within 150cm, and the thickness is within 10cm, ensuring sufficient length for the built-in iron core coil. The high density of the permanent magnets and the controlled template thickness prevent excessive overall weight. The width of the first-combination permanent magnet template 1 and the second-combination permanent magnet template 2 effectively covers the toothed joint of the structural column and extends a certain distance to cover the masonry wall 15. The structural column is poured no more than 3 times; layered pouring facilitates construction and ensures the quality of the structural column pouring. The surfaces of the first-combination permanent magnet template 1 and the second-combination permanent magnet template 2 are coated with an epoxy resin anti-corrosion coating to reduce chemical activity, improve corrosion resistance, and effectively protect the magnetism.

[0048] The first combined permanent magnet template 1 contains a first iron core coil 9, and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 contains a second iron core coil 10. One end of the coil of the first iron core coil 9, the first parallel circuit 3, the mobile distribution box 4, the transformer 5, and one end of the main switch 6 are connected in sequence. The other end of the coil of the first iron core coil 9 is connected to one end of the coil of the second iron core coil 10 through a cable inside a sleeve. Placing this part of the cable inside the sleeve can protect the cable and facilitate subsequent cable disassembly. The other end of the coil of the second iron core coil 10, the second parallel circuit 7, the ammeter 8, and the other end of the main switch 6 are connected in sequence. The mobile distribution box 4 contains an air switch 24, which provides short-circuit protection, isolation, current limiting, and overload protection functions.

[0049] The first parallel circuit 3 includes a third iron core coil 11 and a first switch 12. One end of the coil of the third iron core coil 11 is connected to one end of the first switch 12, and the other end of the coil of the third iron core coil 11 is connected to the other end of the first switch 12. The second parallel circuit 7 includes a fourth iron core coil 13 and a second switch 14. One end of the coil of the fourth iron core coil 13 is connected to one end of the second switch 14, and the other end of the coil of the fourth iron core coil 13 is connected to the other end of the second switch 14. In this invention, the core length of the third core coil 11 of the first parallel circuit 3 is longer than the core length of the first core coil 9 of the first combined permanent magnet template 1, and the number of turns of the third core coil 11 of the first parallel circuit 3 is greater than the number of turns of the third core coil 9 of the first combined permanent magnet template 1; the core length of the fourth core coil 13 of the second parallel circuit 7 is longer than the core length of the second core coil 10 of the second combined permanent magnet template 2, and the number of turns of the fourth core coil 13 of the second parallel circuit 7 is greater than the number of turns of the second core coil 10 of the second combined permanent magnet template 2.

[0050] There are two temperature sensors 25, installed on the outside of the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2, respectively. Each temperature sensor 25 has three temperature probes 25.1, extending into the inside of the combined permanent magnet template from the upper, middle, and lower positions on the outside. The three temperature probes 25.1 of the temperature sensor 25 are distributed in the upper, middle, and lower areas of the combined permanent magnet template to collect the concrete temperature in the pouring space 18 and transmit the collected data to the processor 27. There are two sets of heating pipes 26, installed inside the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2, respectively. Each set of heating pipes 26 has two heating pipes, installed at the upper and lower positions on the inside of the combined permanent magnet template. The processor 27 controls the heating pipes 26 to heat the concrete in the pouring space 18 based on the temperature data transmitted from the temperature sensors 25. The processor 27 is located in the mobile distribution box 4.

[0051] To facilitate the pouring of structural columns, this invention also includes a material unloading mechanism. The unloading mechanism comprises a funnel-shaped hopper 22 and an L-shaped frame 23 located below the funnel-shaped hopper 22. The short side of the L-shaped frame is connected to the funnel-shaped hopper, and the length of the long side of the L-shaped frame 23 is consistent with the length of the upper template 20 of the first combined permanent magnet template 1 or the second combined permanent magnet template 2. The bottom of the funnel-shaped hopper 22 is 15cm higher than the bottom of the beam 17. In use, the L-shaped frame 23 is placed on the first combined permanent magnet template 1 or the second combined permanent magnet template 2, and concrete is poured through the funnel-shaped hopper 22 on the L-shaped frame 23, making the operation very convenient. To better connect the unloading mechanism with the first combined permanent magnet template 1 or the second combined permanent magnet template 2, a permanent magnet unloading mechanism can be used, which is firmly attached to the first combined permanent magnet template 1 or the second combined permanent magnet template 2. Before pouring the top of the structural column, the upper template 20 is folded down and fixed by the insulating folding rod 19. Then, the horn bucket 22 is attached to the folded upper template 20 by adsorption. The upper template 20 and the permanent magnet unloading mechanism can be firmly fixed by the electromagnetic effect.

[0052] In use, the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 are placed on both sides of the masonry wall 15, respectively. The first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 are fixed to both sides of the masonry wall 15 by magnetic force. When the main switch 6, the first switch 12, and the second switch 14 are closed, the magnetic force of the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 is enhanced, and they are more firmly fixed to both sides of the masonry wall 15. The temperature sensor 25 collects the concrete temperature in the pouring space 18 and transmits the temperature data. The processor 27 controls the heating tube 26 to heat the concrete in the pouring space 18 according to the received temperature. During disassembly, the first switch 12 and the second switch 14 are disconnected. The magnetic force generated by the third iron core coil 11 cancels the magnetic force of the first combined permanent magnet template 1, and the magnetic force generated by the fourth iron core coil 13 cancels the magnetic force of the second combined permanent magnet template 2. The cable is pulled out from the sleeve, and then the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 are dismantled. Finally, the sleeve is sealed with concrete.

[0053] In this invention, the sleeve can directly traverse the pouring space or be installed along the masonry wall 15.

[0054] Principle: The permanent magnets of the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 attract the reinforcing steel of the structural column. The two templates are placed opposite each other on both sides of the masonry wall 15, achieving a good fixing effect. When the power is turned on, the main switch 6 in the circuit is closed, and the branch switches of each parallel circuit are closed. The iron core coils built into the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 generate a magnetic field due to the energization. According to the right-hand screw rule, the magnetic field can be strengthened, thereby greatly enhancing the attraction between the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2, making the attraction and adhesion of the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 stronger. After the structural column is poured and vibrated, the branch switches of the two parallel circuits are disconnected. The current flows through the coils of the two parallel branches, and by the right-hand rule, a magnetic field different from that outside the iron core coils of the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 is generated. This weakens the attraction of the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 to the structural column. This makes the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 easy to disassemble after the pouring operation. The disassembled first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 have good reusability, which can effectively save material consumption and reduce construction costs.

[0055] Notice:

[0056] 1. The height of the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 shall be controlled within 150cm, and the number of times the structural column is poured shall be within 3.

[0057] 2. The power of the vibrating device should not exceed 3kw to avoid the force generated by vibration from shaking apart the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2.

[0058] 3. The core length of the third core coil 11 in the first parallel circuit 3 is longer than the core length of the first core coil 9 in the first combined permanent magnet template 1, and the number of turns of the third core coil 11 in the first parallel circuit 3 is greater than the number of turns of the third core coil 9 in the first combined permanent magnet template 1; the core length of the fourth core coil 13 in the second parallel circuit 7 is longer than the core length of the second core coil 10 in the second combined permanent magnet template 2, and the number of turns of the fourth core coil 13 in the second parallel circuit 7 is greater than the number of turns of the second core coil 10 in the second combined permanent magnet template 2. Based on the magnetic flux calculation of the AC core coil, the optimal parameters for weakening the attraction between the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 are obtained.

[0059] 4. The thickness of the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 is controlled within 10cm to ensure that the built-in iron core coil has sufficient length. The permanent magnet density is relatively large, and the thickness of the template is controlled so that the overall weight is not too large.

[0060] 5. The processor 27 can display the temperature of the concrete in the pouring space 18 and can remotely control the heating tube 26 to execute heating / stop commands.

[0061] The construction steps are as follows:

[0062] The first step is to check the circuit and check whether there are any problems with the connection method in the circuit. In order to increase the magnetic attraction force of the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 before the structural column is poured, the circuit connection method is: 4-3(12)-9-10-7(14)-8-6-5.

[0063] The second step is to place the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 opposite each other on both sides of the structural column to be poured, ensuring that the two templates are horizontally aligned. Since the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 are made of permanent magnets, they have an attractive force on the reinforcing bars, thus they can be relatively stably fixed on both sides of the structural column (both sides of the masonry wall 15).

[0064] The third step is to close the main switch 6, close the first switch 12 of the first parallel circuit 3 and the second switch 14 of the second parallel circuit 7, forming a connection of 4-3(12)-9-10-7(14)-8-6-5. Due to the electromagnetic effect, the magnetic field of the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 is strengthened. Under the action of magnetic force, the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 are firmly attached. At this time, the secondary structural column pump delivers concrete to the space to be poured 18. The temperature probe 25.1 feeds back the concrete temperature in the pouring space 18 to the processor 27 in real time. The processor 27 displays the concrete temperature in the pouring space 18 in real time. If the temperature is low, the processor 27 controls the heating tube 26 to work to raise the concrete temperature in the pouring space 18.

[0065] The fourth step is to complete the pouring and vibration of the structural column. After the poured part reaches a certain strength, the upper layer is poured in a unified manner. The first switch 12 of the first parallel circuit 3 and the second switch 14 of the second parallel circuit 7 are disconnected to form a connection of 4-3(11)-9-10-7(13)-8-6-5. At this time, the magnetic field generated by the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 overlaps with the magnetic field generated by the third iron core coil 11 and the fourth iron core coil 13. The adsorption force is weakened and it is easy for workers to remove it.

[0066] The fifth step is to follow this process to complete the layered pouring of other structural columns.

[0067] The following are the methods for pouring concrete at the top of structural columns:

[0068] The first step is to arrange workers to use construction ladders to place the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 opposite each other on the upper part of the structural column for pouring. Similarly, since the permanent magnets of the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 have the property of attracting steel bars, the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 can be well fixed on both sides of the pouring part.

[0069] The second step involves folding either the first combined permanent magnet template 1 or the second combined permanent magnet template 2, considering the convenience of pouring.

[0070] The third step involves attaching the unloading mechanism to the folding template, then closing the main switch 6, the first switch 12 of the first parallel circuit 3, and the second switch 14 of the second parallel circuit 7, forming a 4-3(11)-9-10-7(13)-8-6-5 connection. This ensures that the L-shaped frame of the unloading mechanism is tightly fitted to either the first combined permanent magnet template 1 or the second combined permanent magnet template 2, facilitating the pouring of the top of the structural column.

[0071] The working principle is:

[0072] Check that all components in the circuit are properly connected, ensuring that the magnetic poles of the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 are opposite near the structural column surface. Close the main switch 6, the first switch 12 of the first parallel circuit 3, and the second switch 14 of the second parallel circuit 7. The first iron core coil 9 and the second iron core coil 10 built into the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 near the structural column surface generate a magnetic field due to the energization. According to the electromagnetic effect and the right-hand screw rule, the magnetic field of the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 can be enhanced, and the magnetic poles of the templates on both sides near the structural column surface are opposite, thereby greatly strengthening the attraction between the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2, making the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 firmly attached. To ensure the quality of concrete pouring in winter, temperature sensor 25 transmits the concrete temperature in the pouring space 18, collected in real time by temperature probe 25.1, to processor 27. Processor 27 displays the concrete temperature in real time. If the temperature is low, processor 27 controls heating tube 26 to work, raising the concrete temperature before subsequent vibration. After layered pouring is completed, the first switch 12 of the first parallel circuit 3 and the second switch 14 of the second parallel circuit 7 are disconnected. Current flows through the iron core coils of the two parallel branches, generating a magnetic field different from the outer side of the iron core coils inside the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 by the right-hand rule. This weakens the attraction of the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 to the structural column, making the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 easy to disassemble after pouring. The disassembled first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2 have good reusability, effectively saving material consumption and reducing construction costs.

[0073] The mobile distribution box is equipped with safety facilities such as a leakage current protector, air switch 24, and processor 27, in accordance with the "Technical Specifications for Temporary Power Supply Safety at Construction Sites" and "Electricity Safety Guidelines". An insulated folding rod 19 connects the upper template 20 and the lower permanent magnet template 21, which have a size ratio of 2:1. The pouring space 18 is formed by the first combined permanent magnet template 1, the second combined permanent magnet template 2, and the masonry wall 15. When pouring the top of the structural column, the upper template 20 needs to be folded along the insulated folding rod 19 beforehand, and the unloading mechanism should be attached along the upper template 20 to ensure that the height of the funnel is approximately 15cm higher than the bottom of the beam 17. The first and second combined permanent magnet templates 1 and 2 attract the internal steel reinforcement of the structural column. Placed opposite each other, they achieve a relatively stable fit through magnetic attraction. When the circuit is turned on, electromagnetic effects and the right-hand rule enhance the magnetism of the templates, ensuring a firm fit against the masonry wall 15, facilitating the pouring and vibration of the structural column. Temperature probe 25.1 senses the concrete temperature from three directions and transmits the temperature signal to processor 27 via temperature sensor 25. Processor 27 monitors the concrete temperature within the pouring space 18. If the temperature is low, it activates the heating pipes 26 installed on the upper and lower inner sides of the first and second combined permanent magnet templates 1 and 2 to raise the concrete temperature, ensuring the pouring quality of the structural column in winter.

[0074] Based on the flatness requirements of cast-in-place concrete floor slabs (8mm) and the design standards for residential and public building floors, and in conjunction with relevant drawings, the upper template 20 and the lower permanent magnet template 21 are rationally designed with one large and one small template (size 2:1). They are connected and assembled by insulated folding rods 19. The lower permanent magnet template 21 has an internal iron core coil. The iron core is made of soft iron material, and the coil is effectively insulated with copper enameled wire. The iron core coil is located below the insulated folding rods 19, and the cable is connected to the iron core coil of the first combined permanent magnet template 1 and the second combined permanent magnet template 2.

[0075] Before pouring the top of the structural column, the first combined permanent magnet template 1 or the second combined permanent magnet template 2 is folded using the insulating folding rod 19. The L-shaped frame of the unloading mechanism is then attached to the smaller template (upper template 20) after folding, ensuring that the funnel hopper 20 is approximately 15cm higher than the bottom of the beam 17. When the working circuit is energized, the electromagnetic induction effect ensures a firm fit between the first combined permanent magnet template 1 or the second combined permanent magnet template 2 and the unloading mechanism, guaranteeing the pouring quality of the top of the structural column.

[0076] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A formwork panel for construction columns for winter use, characterised in that: It includes a first combined permanent magnet template, a second combined permanent magnet template, a first parallel circuit, a mobile distribution box, a transformer, a main switch, a second parallel circuit, an ammeter, a temperature sensor, a heating element, and a processor; The first combined permanent magnet template and the second combined permanent magnet template are placed on both sides of the masonry wall and fixed to both sides of the masonry wall by magnetic force, forming a structural column pouring space with the two masonry walls; The first combined permanent magnet template contains a first iron core coil, and the second combined permanent magnet template contains a second iron core coil; one end of the first iron core coil, the first parallel circuit, the mobile distribution box, the transformer, and one end of the main switch are connected in sequence; the other end of the first iron core coil is connected to one end of the second iron core coil, and the other end of the second iron core coil, the second parallel circuit, the ammeter, and the other end of the main switch are connected in sequence. The first parallel circuit includes a third iron core coil and a first switch. One end of the third iron core coil is connected to one end of the first switch, and the other end of the third iron core coil is connected to the other end of the first switch. The second parallel circuit includes a fourth iron core coil and a second switch. One end of the fourth iron core coil is connected to one end of the second switch, and the other end of the fourth iron core coil is connected to the other end of the second switch. There are two temperature sensors, which are respectively installed on the first and second combined permanent magnet templates. Each temperature sensor has three probes, which are placed at the top, middle, and bottom positions of the combined permanent magnet template, and transmit the collected data to the processor. There are two sets of heating tubes, which are respectively installed on the first and second combined permanent magnet templates. Each set of heating tubes has two heating tubes, which are installed at the top and bottom positions of the combined permanent magnet template. The processor controls the heating tubes to heat according to the data transmitted from the temperature sensors. In use, the first and second combined permanent magnet templates are placed on both sides of the masonry wall, respectively, and are fixed to the masonry wall by magnetic force. When the main switch, the first switch, and the second switch are closed, the magnetic force of the first and second combined permanent magnet templates is enhanced, and they are more firmly fixed to the masonry wall. The temperature sensor collects the temperature of the concrete in the pouring space and transmits the temperature data to the processor. The processor controls the heating tube to heat the concrete in the pouring space according to the received temperature. When disassembling, the first and second switches are disconnected. The magnetic force generated by the third iron core coil cancels out the magnetic force of the first combined permanent magnet template, and the magnetic force generated by the fourth iron core coil cancels out the magnetic force of the second combined permanent magnet template.

2. The construction column formwork for winter use according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the first and second combined permanent magnet templates include an upper template and a lower permanent magnet template. The upper and lower permanent magnet templates are connected by an insulating folding rod, and the upper template can be folded along the insulating folding rod to fit against or at a certain angle to the lower permanent magnet template.

3. The winter-use construction column formwork of claim 2, wherein: The upper template is an upper permanent magnet template.

4. The formwork panel for construction columns for winter use according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The length ratio of the upper template to the lower permanent magnet template is 1:

2.

5. The winter-use construction column formwork of claim 2, wherein: The length of the first and second combined permanent magnet templates is within 150cm, the thickness is within 10cm, and the width effectively covers the toothed joint of the structural column and extends a certain distance to cover the masonry wall.

6. The winter-use construction column formwork of claim 1, wherein: The cable between the other end of the first iron core coil and one end of the second iron core coil is placed inside a sleeve; an air switch is provided inside the mobile distribution box; the processor is placed inside the mobile distribution box.

7. The winter-use construction column formwork of claim 1, wherein: The structural column fixing template also includes a unloading mechanism, which includes a funnel bucket and an L-shaped frame located under the funnel bucket. In use, the L-shaped frame is placed on the first combined permanent magnet template or the second combined permanent magnet template, and concrete is poured through the funnel bucket on the L-shaped frame.

8. The construction column formwork for winter use according to claim 7, characterized in that: The unloading mechanism is a permanent magnet unloading mechanism.

9. The winter-use construction column formwork of claim 1, wherein: The core length of the third core coil in the first parallel circuit is longer than the core length of the first core coil in the first combined permanent magnet template, and the number of turns of the third core coil in the first parallel circuit is greater than the number of turns of the third core coil in the first combined permanent magnet template.

10. The winter-use construction column formwork of claim 1, wherein: The core length of the fourth core coil in the second parallel circuit is longer than the core length of the second core coil in the second combined permanent magnet template, and the number of turns of the fourth core coil in the second parallel circuit is greater than the number of turns of the second core coil in the second combined permanent magnet template.

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