An open-pit coal mine full-continuous coal mining and slicing mining system and slicing mining method

Abstract

The application discloses a full-continuous coal mining and layer-by-layer mining system for strip coal mines, which comprises a full-continuous mining power supply system, a fixed belt conveyor arranged outside the side slope of a coal seam, a movable belt conveyor vertically connected with the fixed belt conveyor, an upper coal mining system, a lower coal mining system and a cooperative control system, wherein the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system are movably arranged on the movable belt conveyor; the cooperative control system is used for controlling the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system to separately complete the coal mining, crushing and loading along the mining direction of the coal seam working face on the movable belt conveyor according to the cutting coal seam working target requirement, or to cooperatively control the reciprocal cutting of the upper and lower coal seams, to complete the full-coverage loading and continuous transportation of the coal materials, and to simultaneously coordinate the peristaltic segmented sliding of the movable belt conveyor, to adjust the sliding distance of the movable belt conveyor along the upper coal mining width, and to form the continuous mining of the upper and lower coal seams without interruption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of large-scale open-pit coal mining, and more particularly to a fully continuous layered mining system and method for large-scale open-pit coal mining. Background Technology

[0002] Open-pit mining is characterized by large-scale production, high labor productivity, high resource recovery rate, and good production safety and occupational health and safety conditions. Therefore, open-pit mining has become the preferred choice for resource extraction. As of 2020, open-pit mining accounted for about 17% of my country's coal production, and the focus of my country's coal mining is accelerating its shift to western regions such as Xinjiang.

[0003] However, in my country's open-pit coal mines, the single-bucket-truck intermittent mining process accounts for over 85% of the total mining and stripping volume, while continuous and semi-continuous mining processes are less commonly used. Therefore, the aforementioned technologies, equipment, and mining processes have the following shortcomings:

[0004] 1) Discontinuous operation, resulting in low overall efficiency. The current method uses drilling blasting, single-bucket excavation, truck transportation, and semi-fixed crushing stations, resulting in a semi-continuous mining process with low overall efficiency.

[0005] 2) High cost and significant safety concerns. Using truck transportation not only incurs high costs but also poses significant safety risks. Firstly, transportation costs account for 40% to 60% of total mining costs; secondly, there is a risk of cross-traffic between the 220t mining dump trucks used for main mining operations and the 50t small off-highway dump trucks used for upper earthwork stripping operations; and thirdly, each truck requires at least two full-time drivers, and recruitment can be difficult in some situations.

[0006] 3) Poor production balance. Extreme weather affects the balanced operation of trucks. Due to rain, snow and other weather conditions, operations cannot be carried out in rainy or snowy weather, and it takes a certain amount of time to restore production.

[0007] 4) Restricted management of explosives. Traditional drilling blasting methods are required for coal and rock crushing. Due to strict management of the issuance and use of explosives, blasting is restricted during major national holidays such as Spring Festival and National Day, making it impossible to achieve balanced production.

[0008] 5) Significant environmental pressure. Drilling, blasting, mining, and transportation generate large amounts of smoke and dust. Truck transportation produces exhaust fumes and consumes a lot of fuel, resulting in high energy consumption and serious environmental pollution.

[0009] 6) The equipment is diverse in type and quantity, resulting in high procurement costs and significant financial pressure. A complete set of equipment, including electric shovels, auxiliary hydraulic shovels, and mining dump trucks, requires a substantial one-time investment.

[0010] 7) The level of automation and informatization in mines is relatively low, and the foundation for intelligent construction is weak.

[0011] Addressing the shortcomings and deficiencies of existing technologies, this invention integrates years of experience and achievements in related industries, focusing on key technologies for efficient, green, safe, and minimally manned open-pit mining. It develops a fully continuous open-pit coal mining system that integrates continuous mining, crushing, transshipment, and transportation operations. This system solves the challenges of continuous open-pit coal mining processes, equipment, control, and safe operation. The development of this system represents an upgrade, innovation, integration, and breakthrough in existing open-pit coal mining processes, technologies, and supporting equipment. It constructs a new intelligent open-pit coal mining system, forming a demonstration of efficient and green open-pit coal mining, and has significant theoretical and practical implications for ensuring and improving the intelligent construction of open-pit coal mines in my country. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems of current open-pit coal mining technology and equipment, such as discontinuous operation, high mining costs, high safety pressure, poor production balance, limited management of explosives, high environmental pressure, large variety and quantity of equipment, and low level of automation and informatization. This invention provides a fully continuous open-pit coal mining system and its layered mining method.

[0013] To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A fully continuous open-pit coal mining layered mining system includes a fully continuous mining power supply system, a fixed belt conveyor installed on the outer side of the coal seam, and a movable belt conveyor vertically connected to the fixed belt conveyor. The movable belt conveyor is installed along the mining length direction of the coal seam working face. The system also includes an upper coal seam mining system, a lower coal seam mining system, and a collaborative control system. The upper and lower coal seam mining systems are detachably and movable on the movable belt conveyor. The collaborative control system controls the upper and lower coal seam mining systems to independently complete coal mining, crushing, and transfer along the mining direction of the coal seam working face, or to collaboratively control the upper and lower coal seams to reciprocate in a "Z" shaped pattern to complete full-coverage transfer and continuous coal transportation. Simultaneously, it coordinates the movable belt conveyor to perform creeping segmented sliding, adjusting the sliding distance of the movable belt conveyor along the upper coal seam mining width to form uninterrupted continuous mining of the upper and lower coal seams.

[0014] The aforementioned movable belt conveyor is installed at the top of the lower coal seam. The upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system are straddled and rotatably mounted on both sides of the movable belt conveyor. The upper coal mining system is located at the top of the lower coal seam, and the lower coal mining system is located at the bottom and top of the coal seam, respectively. The upper and lower coal mining systems use the movable belt conveyor as their moving track. The upper coal mining system moves along the bottom of the upper coal seam, and the lower coal mining system moves along the bottom of the coal seam, cutting the coal face back and forth until the maximum transfer length of the upper and lower coal mining systems is reached. Then, the parallel creeping segmented sliding movable belt conveyor forms a continuous mining operation of the upper and lower coal seams simultaneously.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper coal seam mining system includes at least: a first open-faced miner, a first double rotary transfer machine, and a first tracked unloading car, wherein the first tracked unloading car straddles a movable belt conveyor. The first open-faced miner mines coal along the bottom of the upper coal seam, and transports and transfers the mined coal to the first tracked unloading car via the first double rotary transfer machine. The lower coal seam mining system includes at least: a second open-faced miner, a second double rotary transfer machine, a first straight-line transfer machine, a second straight-line transfer machine, and a second tracked unloading car, wherein the second tracked unloading car straddles a movable belt conveyor. On the machine, the second open-face mining machine, the second double rotary transfer machine, and the first straight transfer machine are connected and arranged at the bottom of the coal seam. The second straight transfer machine is arranged at the top of the lower coal seam, on the same plane as the movable belt conveyor. The second open-face mining machine mines coal along the bottom of the coal seam, and the mined coal is transported and transferred to the second tracked unloading car in sequence through the second double rotary transfer machine, the first straight transfer machine, and the second straight transfer machine. This realizes the unified transportation and convergence of the coal mined from the upper and lower coal seams onto the movable belt conveyor, and then transported to the coal bunker through the fixed belt conveyor.

[0016] A steeply inclined belt conveyor is installed between the fixed belt conveyor and the movable belt conveyor to realize the transfer of coal materials and the full continuous transportation when there is a terrain difference in the coal mining face.

[0017] The first and second open-pit mines include: a tracked vehicle body, a control room, a cutting boom, a self-circulating water tank, a main electrical control box, a hydraulic pump station, a loading claw, a crushing roller, and a scraper conveyor. The tracked vehicle body is located at the bottom of the open-pit mine. The main electrical control box, the motor pump station, and the self-circulating water tank are arranged side by side on top of the tracked vehicle body, located at the bottom center of the open-pit mine. The cutting boom is installed at the front of the open-pit mine. The control room is located at the top of the open-pit mine. The scraper conveyor is installed in the middle of the open-pit mine. The loading claw is installed at the front end of the scraper conveyor. The crushing roller is located inside the scraper conveyor.

[0018] The scraper conveyor is designed with a rotatable chute at the rear, with a maximum rotation angle of 45°, for use in matching the open-pit miner with the double rotary transfer machine during coal cutting.

[0019] The first and second double-rotary transfer machines include double-rotary tracks located at the bottom of the double-rotary transfer machine. A receiving arm rotation support device is installed above the double-rotary tracks. A receiving arm and a discharge arm are respectively installed on both sides above the rotation support device. The receiving arm is mainly used to transport and transfer coal conveyed by the scraper conveyor. The discharge arm transports and transfers coal conveyed by the receiving arm, and transfers the coal to the first tracked unloading car or the first straight-line transfer machine and the second straight-line transfer machine according to the connection relationship, and finally delivers it to the second tracked unloading car.

[0020] The receiving arm and the discharging arm form a certain angle, which ranges from 0° to 90°.

[0021] The aforementioned straight-line transfer machine includes a straight-line walking track at the bottom, a slewing support device for 360° rotation above the straight-line walking track, and a straight-line belt conveyor on the slewing support device.

[0022] The aforementioned end-side steep-angle belt conveyor includes a belt conveyor laid along the undulating terrain of the coal mining face, with end-side traveling tracks spaced apart below the belt conveyor along the undulating terrain.

[0023] The first and second tracked unloading vehicles include unloading vehicle tracks straddling the movable belt conveyor. A slewing support structure is provided above the unloading vehicle tracks, and a belt conveyor is provided on one side above the slewing support structure to transfer the coal transported by the docked first double slewing transfer machine or second straight transfer machine to the movable belt conveyor.

[0024] The movable belt conveyor includes a head section, a lifting section, a transport section, and a tail section connected in sequence. The lifting section is used to connect with the end-side steep-angle belt conveyor. The transport section is connected to the first tracked unloading car and the second tracked unloading car respectively, and transfers the coal unloaded by the tracked unloading car to the end-side steep-angle belt conveyor or the fixed belt conveyor.

[0025] When the first tracked unloading car and the second tracked unloading car move towards each other along the moving belt conveyor and meet, the first tracked unloading car switches from docking with the first double rotary transfer machine to docking with the second straight transfer machine; at the same time, the second tracked unloading car switches from docking with the second straight transfer machine to docking with the first double rotary transfer machine, thereby realizing the all-round, large-angle cutting and transfer of coal materials in the upper and lower coal seams.

[0026] The aforementioned collaborative control system includes at least a data acquisition and storage module, a continuous mining process implementation control module, and a 3D visualization module. The data acquisition and storage module further includes an open-pit mine system, a movable belt conveyor system, a tracked unloading vehicle system, a transfer conveyor system, an inertial navigation system, a BeiDou GPS system, and an end-side steep-angle belt conveyor system. The mining process implementation control module includes a control module for cutting the upper coal seam preparation face, a control module for a creeping segmented sliding movable belt conveyor, a control module for deploying upper and lower coal seam layered mining faces, and a module for continuous simultaneous mining of upper and lower coal seams. The data acquisition and storage module locates and collects information on various construction equipment used in continuous open-pit coal mining, and, in conjunction with the continuous mining process implementation control module, executes and monitors the actions of these equipment. Finally, the 3D visualization module displays the data online in real time. The aforementioned upper coal seam cutting preparation working face control module specifically includes: determining the upper coal seam working face based on the coal seam sidewalls and coal seam thickness, and determining the position of the upper coal seam side opening; starting from the opening position, performing "Z"-shaped reciprocating cutting along the mining length section sidewalls of the coal seam working face until the upper coal seam working face reserves the working space of the upper coal seam mining system, forming an upper and lower stepped coal seam mining working face, and stopping cutting when the upper coal seam is cut to the minimum amount of coal in the coal drop area; deploying a movable belt conveyor on the top of the lower coal seam of the stepped coal seam mining working face, and the upper coal seam mining system continues to continuously reciprocate cutting the coal seam along the mining working face, realizing fully continuous cutting and transportation of the upper coal seam working face; The peristaltic segmented sliding conveyor control module specifically includes: a: The movable belt conveyor is divided into sections with equal distances at the head, lifting section, transport section and tail, so that each equally spaced section is 10-30m; b: Use auxiliary mechanical equipment such as pusher and loader to advance the machine in equal intervals from head to tail towards the target direction by 0.1-1m; c: Then, proceed along the tail to the nose of the machine, advancing 0.1-1m in equal intervals towards the target direction; d: This forms a peristaltic segmented sliding motion from beginning to end of the conveyor belt until the target moving position is reached, and the peristaltic segmented sliding distance is ≤25m; The aforementioned control module for the layered mining of upper and lower coal seams specifically includes: The lower coal mining system is installed on the movable belt conveyor. During the deployment process, the upper coal mining system operates continuously without interruption. The upper and lower coal mining systems form a system with the movable belt conveyor as the main transportation system. The aforementioned module for continuous simultaneous mining of upper and lower coal seams specifically includes: based on the maximum transfer length working range of the double rotary transfer machines in the upper and lower coal seam mining systems, continuously advancing the sliding distance of the movable belt conveyor along the mining width of the upper coal seam to ensure simultaneous and continuous mining of the upper and lower coal seams.

[0027] The aforementioned continuous mining power supply system provides power through a central substation on the ground. The main transmission cable is transported to the inclined belt conveyor at the end face via a fixed belt conveyor. The power supply cable is divided into three output cables via the inclined belt conveyor at the end face: the first cable provides power to the movable belt conveyor via a movable belt conveyor; the second cable provides power to the first tracked unloading car, the first double rotary transfer machine, and the first open-pit mining machine via a movable belt conveyor; and the third cable provides power to the second tracked unloading car, the second straight-line transfer machine, the first straight-line transfer machine, the second double rotary transfer machine, and the second open-pit mining machine via a movable belt conveyor.

[0028] This invention also provides a method for continuous layered mining of open-pit coal, which includes the following steps: Step 1: Cutting the upper coal seam to prepare the working face S1.1: Determine the upper coal working face based on the coal seam sidewalls and coal seam thickness; S1.2: Determine the location of the side cut in the upper coal seam based on the coal seam sidewalls and coal seam thickness; S1.3: Starting from the opening position, make a "Z"-shaped reciprocating cut along the mining length section of the coal seam working face until the upper coal working face reserves the working space of the upper coal mining system, which can form an upper and lower step coal seam mining working face, and stop cutting when the upper coal is cut to the minimum amount of coal in the coal drop area. S1.4: Along the mining length of the coal seam working face, a movable belt conveyor is deployed on the top of the lower coal seam of the stepped coal seam mining working face. The upper coal mining system continues to cut the coal seam continuously along the mining working face, realizing the full continuous cutting and transportation of the upper coal working face. S1.5: When the upper coal mining system is perpendicular to the axis of the movable belt conveyor and reaches the maximum transfer length of the upper coal mining system, the creeping segmented sliding movable belt conveyor continuously completes the cutting work of the upper coal preparation face along the upper coal mining width direction. Step 2: Deploy the upper and lower coal seam stratified mining faces S2.1: Install a lower coal mining system on a movable belt conveyor; S2.2: The upper and lower coal mining systems are formed with a movable belt conveyor as the main transportation system. Each of the upper and lower coal mining systems contains a corresponding continuous miner that cuts the coal seam in a "Z" shape in opposite directions to complete the layout of the lower coal working face. Step 3: Continuous and simultaneous mining of upper and lower coal seams Based on the maximum transfer length working range of the upper and lower coal seams in the mining system, the peristaltic segmented sliding conveyor belt is continuously advanced along the sliding distance of the upper coal seam mining width to form uninterrupted continuous mining of the upper and lower coal seams.

[0029] Step one, cutting the upper coal seam to prepare the working face, further includes: S1.1: Determine the upper coal working face based on the coal seam sidewalls and coal seam thickness, and determine the length of the movable belt conveyor based on the mining length of the coal seam working face; S1.2: Determine the location of the side opening cut in the upper coal seam based on the coal seam sidewalls and coal seam thickness. The side opening cuts are symmetrically set at both ends along the mining length of the working face. Determine the coal seam height at the cut position based on the height of the first open-face mining machine, i.e., the coal seam height at the cut position is ≤ the cutting height of the open-face mining machine. S1.3: Starting from one of the cut positions, the first open-face mining machine performs a "Z"-shaped reciprocating cut along the mining length section of the coal seam working face until the upper coal working face reserves the working space for the upper coal mining system. That is, the working space can simultaneously accommodate: the first open-face mining machine, the first double rotary transfer machine, the first tracked unloading car, and the moving belt conveyor; it can form an upper and lower bench coal seam mining working face, and the first open-face mining machine stops cutting when the amount of coal in the upper coal drop area is the minimum. S1.4: Along the mining length of the coal seam face, a fixed belt conveyor and an upper coal mining system are arranged. The movable belt conveyor is placed on the top of the lower coal seam in the stepped coal seam mining face. The first tracked unloading car straddles the movable belt conveyor. The first open-pit miner mines coal along the bottom of the upper coal seam. The mined coal is transported and transferred to the first tracked unloading car via the first double rotary transfer machine. Then, the first tracked unloading car is continuously transported to the movable belt conveyor, realizing the fully continuous cutting and transportation of the upper coal seam face. S1.5: When the first double rotary transfer machine in the upper coal mining system is axially perpendicular to the moving belt conveyor and the first double rotary transfer machine reaches its maximum transfer length, the creeping segmented sliding moving belt conveyor continuously completes the cutting work of the upper coal preparation face along the upper coal mining width direction.

[0030] S1.4 further includes: along the mining length direction of the coal seam working face, when the coal mining face has a terrain difference, an end-side steep-angle belt conveyor is set between the fixed belt conveyor and the movable belt conveyor, and the first open-pit mining machine transports the cut coal material to the coal bunker in sequence through the first double rotary transfer machine, the first crawler unloading car, the movable belt conveyor, the end-side steep-angle belt conveyor and the fixed belt conveyor.

[0031] Step Two: Setting up the upper and lower coal seam stratified mining faces further includes: S2.1: A lower coal mining system is installed on the movable belt conveyor. The second tracked unloading car straddles the movable belt conveyor. The second open-pit mining machine, the second double rotary transfer machine and the first straight transfer machine are connected and arranged at the bottom of the coal seam. The second straight transfer machine is arranged at the top of the lower coal seam and is on the same plane as the movable belt conveyor. S2.2: The second open-face mining machine mines coal along the bottom of the coal seam, and the mined coal is transported sequentially through the second double rotary transfer machine, the first straight transfer machine, and the second straight transfer machine to the second tracked unloading car; thus realizing the unified transportation and convergence of the coal mined from the upper and lower coal seams onto the movable belt conveyor, and then transported to the coal bunker through the fixed belt conveyor, completing the layout of the lower coal seam working face.

[0032] Step 3: Continuous and simultaneous mining of upper and lower coal seams further includes: When the first tracked unloading car and the second tracked unloading car meet as they move towards each other along the moving conveyor belt, the first tracked unloading car switches from docking with the first double rotary transfer machine to docking with the second straight transfer machine; simultaneously, the second tracked unloading car switches from docking with the second straight transfer machine to docking with the first double rotary transfer machine, thereby achieving all-round, large-angle cutting and transfer of coal between the upper and lower coal seams; when the first double rotary transfer machine of the upper coal mining system is axially perpendicular to the moving conveyor belt and the first double rotary transfer machine reaches its maximum transfer length, the peristaltic segmented sliding moving conveyor belt continuously advances the sliding distance of the moving conveyor belt along the mining depth of the upper coal seam, ensuring continuous and simultaneous mining of the upper and lower coal seams.

[0033] The peristaltic segmented sliding conveyor belt conveyor of the present invention specifically includes: a: The movable belt conveyor is divided into sections with equal distances at the head, lifting section, transport section and tail, so that each equally spaced section is 10-30m; b: Use auxiliary mechanical equipment such as pusher and loader to advance the machine in equal intervals from the front to the rear, advancing it 0.1-1m towards the target direction; c: Then, proceed along the tail to the nose of the machine, advancing 0.1-1m in equal intervals towards the target direction; d: This forms a peristaltic segmented sliding motion from beginning to end of the conveyor belt until the target moving position is reached, and the peristaltic segmented sliding distance is ≤25m.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention utilizes equipment such as open-pit mine machines, double rotary transfer machines, single-line transfer machines, tracked unloading vehicles, movable belt conveyors, end-side steep-angle belt conveyors, and fixed belt conveyors to realize a fully continuous open-pit coal mining system and its layered mining method. It boasts advantages such as high production efficiency, low mining costs, fewer construction personnel, and a high level of automation, ensuring safety during open-pit coal mining operations. Specific advantages are as follows: (1) The fully continuous coal mining system is adopted to realize the fully continuous production, transportation and transfer of coal, resulting in high production efficiency.

[0035] (2) The entire continuous coal mining system is powered by 10kV voltage, which meets the requirements of green mining, has low mining cost, fewer construction personnel, and low safety pressure.

[0036] (3) Except for equipment maintenance, the fully continuous coal mining system can produce continuously 24 hours a day and has good production balance.

[0037] (4) The open-pit mining machine uses a high-power cutting drum, which can complete the coal and rock cutting operation without the need for piercing and blasting. It is not limited by traditional explosive blasting equipment and can achieve balanced production throughout the year.

[0038] (5) The continuous coal mining system is designed with spray dust suppression equipment in locations where dust is easily generated, such as drum cutting and transfer transportation. The entire system is powered by 10kV voltage, so the system is green, economical and environmentally friendly.

[0039] (6) The fully continuous coal mining system has fewer supporting equipment and lower procurement costs. A one-time investment can meet the needs of many years of fully continuous production.

[0040] (7) The fully continuous coal mining system has a high level of automation and intelligence, and has the function of multi-machine intelligent collaborative control, realizing the full-process automation and intelligent construction operation of coal mining, crushing, transfer and transportation. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the open-pit coal mine fully continuous mining system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the fully continuous open-pit coal mining system of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the open-pit mining machine structure used in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the double rotary transfer machine structure used in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the single-line transfer machine structure used in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the end-side steep-angle belt conveyor structure used in this invention; Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the tracked unloading vehicle structure used in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the movable belt conveyor structure used in this invention; Figure 9 is a structural framework diagram of the system collaborative control system of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply principle of the fully continuous mining power supply system of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of steps S1.1-S1.2 of the open-pit coal mine fully continuous layered mining method of the present invention. Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of step S1.3 of the open-pit coal mine fully continuous layered mining method of the present invention. Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of step S1.4 of the open-pit coal mine fully continuous layered mining method of the present invention. Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of step S1.5 of the open-pit coal mine fully continuous layered mining method of the present invention. Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of step S1.5 of the open-pit coal mine fully continuous layered mining method of the present invention. Figure 16. Schematic diagram of the peristaltic segmented sliding conveyor belt conveyor process; Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the operation of steps S2.1, S2.2 and step three of the open-pit coal mine fully continuous mining layered mining method of the present invention.

[0042] The symbols represent the following meanings: 1. Second open-pit mine, 2. First double rotary transfer conveyor, 3. First straight-line transfer conveyor, 4. Second straight-line transfer conveyor, 5. Coal bunker, 6. Fixed belt conveyor, 7. End-side steep-angle belt conveyor, 8. First open-pit mine, 9. Second double rotary transfer conveyor, 10. First tracked unloading vehicle, 11. Second tracked unloading vehicle, 12. Moving belt conveyor, 13. Cooperative control system, 1-1. Cutting boom, 1-2. Control room, 1-3. Self-circulating water tank, 14. Main electrical control box, 15. Tracked vehicle body, 16. Hydraulic pump station, 17. Loading 18. Crushing Claw, 19. Cable Reel, 20. Scraper Conveyor, 21. Receiving Arm, 22. Discharging Arm, 23. First Slewing Support Device, 24. Double Slewing Track, 31. Belt Conveyor, 32. Straight Track, 33. Second Slewing Support Device, 71. Belt Conveyor, 72. End Side Track, 101. Belt Conveyor, 102. Cable Reel Device, 103. Unloading Car Track, 104. Slewing Support Structure, 121. Head, 122. Lifting Section, 123. Conveying Section, 124. Tail. Specific implementation methods The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more explicit definition of the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 A fully continuous open-pit coal mining layered mining system includes a fully continuous mining power supply system, a fixed belt conveyor 6 installed on the outer side of the coal seam, and a movable belt conveyor 12 vertically connected to the fixed belt conveyor 6. The movable belt conveyor 12 is installed along the mining length direction of the coal seam working face. It also includes an upper coal mining system, a lower coal mining system, and a collaborative control system. The upper and lower coal mining systems are detachably and movable on the movable belt conveyor 12. The collaborative control system is used to control the upper and lower coal mining systems to independently complete coal mining, crushing, and transfer along the mining direction of the coal seam working face on the movable belt conveyor 12 according to the working target requirements of cutting the coal seam, or to collaboratively control the upper and lower coal seams to reciprocate in a "Z" shaped cutting of the coal seam working face, complete full-coverage transfer and continuous transportation of coal, and at the same time coordinate the movable belt conveyor 12 to perform creeping segmented sliding, adjust the sliding distance of the movable belt conveyor 12 along the mining width of the upper coal seam, and form uninterrupted continuous mining of the upper and lower coal seams. The movable belt conveyor 12 is located at the top of the lower coal seam. The upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system are straddled and rotatably mounted on both sides of the movable belt conveyor 12. The upper coal mining system is located at the top of the lower coal seam, and the lower coal mining system is located at the bottom and top of the coal seam, respectively. The upper and lower coal mining systems use the movable belt conveyor 12 as their moving track. The upper coal mining system moves along the bottom of the upper coal seam, and the lower coal mining system moves along the bottom of the coal seam, cutting the coal face back and forth until the maximum transfer length of the upper and lower coal mining systems is reached. Then, the parallel creeping segmented sliding movable belt conveyor forms the simultaneous continuous mining of the upper and lower coal seams.

[0044] The upper coal seam mining system includes at least: a first open-faced miner 8, a first double rotary transfer machine 2, and a first tracked unloading car 10, wherein the first tracked unloading car 10 straddles a movable belt conveyor 12. The first open-faced miner 8 mines coal along the bottom of the upper coal seam and transports and transfers the mined coal to the first tracked unloading car 10 via the first double rotary transfer machine 2. The lower coal seam mining system includes at least: a second open-faced miner 1, a second double rotary transfer machine 9, a first straight-line transfer machine 3, a second straight-line transfer machine 4, and a second tracked unloading car 11, wherein the second tracked unloading car 11 straddles a movable belt conveyor. On the 12th floor, the second open-face mining machine 1, the second double rotary transfer machine 9, and the first straight transfer machine 3 are connected and arranged at the bottom of the coal seam. The second straight transfer machine 4 is arranged at the top of the lower coal seam and is on the same plane as the movable belt conveyor 12. The second open-face mining machine 2 mines coal along the bottom of the coal seam and transports the mined coal through the second double rotary transfer machine 9, the first straight transfer machine 3, and the second straight transfer machine 4 in sequence to the second tracked unloading car 11. This realizes the unified transportation and convergence of the coal mined from the upper and lower coal seams onto the movable belt conveyor 12, and then transports it to the coal bunker 5 through the fixed belt conveyor 6.

[0045] The second open-pit mine 1 and the first open-pit mine 8 of this invention can be selected as models with completely identical working principles and structural characteristics. The first straight-line transfer machine 3 and the second straight-line transfer machine 4 can be selected as models with completely identical working principles and structural characteristics. The first double-rotary transfer machine 2 and the second double-rotary transfer machine 9 can be selected as models with completely identical working principles and structural characteristics.

[0046] See Figure 3The first open-pit mining machine 8 and the second open-pit mining machine 1 used in this invention include a cutting boom 1-1, a control room 1-2, a self-circulating water tank 1-3, a main electrical control box 14, a tracked vehicle body 15, a hydraulic pump station 16, a loading claw 17, a crushing drum 18, a cable reel 19, and a scraper conveyor device 20. The cutting boom 1-1 is installed directly in front of the first open-face mining machine 8 and the second open-face mining machine 1. Under the action of the lifting cylinder, it moves longitudinally along the working face to complete the reciprocating coal cutting operation. The control room 12 is located directly above the first open-face mining machine 8 and the second open-face mining machine 1, which is convenient for observing the working status of each moving part. Through the control room 12, various (8, 1) construction operations such as automatic coal cutting, transfer, cable winding, walking, crushing, and system cooling of the first open-face mining machine 8 and the second open-face mining machine 1 can be completed. The self-circulating water tank 13 is mainly used for cooling the cutting drum, cooling the hydraulic system, and spraying dust removal. The main electrical control box 14 realizes centralized control of all actuators of the first open-face mining machine 8 and the second open-face mining machine 1, and realizes one-button operation or remote control operation of all actuators. The tracked vehicle body 15 consists of the coal mining machine walking track and the vehicle body platform, which is used for the reciprocating movement of the first open-face mining machine 8 and the second open-face mining machine 1. The motor pump station 16 mainly consists of motor, hydraulic pump, solenoid valve and pipeline. The system comprises various components to facilitate the construction of different devices. The loading claw 17 is installed at the front end of the scraper conveyor 20 to load and transfer the coal cut by the cutting arm. The crushing drum 18 is installed inside the scraper conveyor 20 to crush large pieces of coal cut by the cutting arm 1-1, facilitating transportation and washing within the mining system. The cable reel 19 is installed at the right rear of the second open-pit mine 1, allowing for flexible connection between the open-pit mine 1 and the double rotary transfer machine 2 during operation. The cable reel 19 autonomously determines when to reel in and release the cable based on the applied force. The scraper conveyor 20 is installed in the middle of the open-pit mine 1, using a hydraulic motor to rotate the scraper chain, achieving continuous coal transportation and increasing the output of the second open-pit mine 1. The rear of the scraper conveyor 20 is designed with a rotatable chute with a maximum rotation angle of 45°, ensuring complete matching between the open-pit mine 1 and the double rotary transfer machine during coal cutting, achieving complete coal transportation and connection, and preventing spillage and throwing. See Figure 4The double-rotor transfer machine structure adopted in this invention includes a first double-rotor transfer machine 2 and a second double-rotor transfer machine 9, each comprising a receiving arm 21, a discharging arm 22, a rotary support device 23, and double-rotor walking tracks 24. The receiving arm 21 is mainly used to transport and transfer coal conveyed by the scraper conveyor 20; the discharging arm 22 transports and transfers coal conveyed by the receiving arm 21, conveying the coal to the first straight-line transfer machine 3 and the second straight-line transfer machine 4, and finally to the second tracked unloading vehicle 11; the main function of the first rotary support device 23 is to achieve a certain angle between the receiving arm 21 and the discharging arm 22, increasing the working range, with an angle range of 0°–90°; the double-rotor walking tracks 22 are used to facilitate the movement, relocation, and transportation of the double-rotor transfer machines.

[0047] See Figure 5 The single-line transfer machine structure adopted in this invention includes a belt conveyor 31, a traveling track 32, and a second slewing support device 33. The belt conveyor 31 is mainly used for transferring coal to achieve continuous transportation; the single-line traveling track 32 is used for moving and relocating the single-line transfer machine 3; the second slewing support device 33 is mainly used for the belt conveyor 31 to achieve 360° rotation, increasing the working range and improving the transfer efficiency.

[0048] See Figure 6 The end-side steep-angle belt conveyor structure adopted in this invention includes a belt conveyor 71 laid along the undulating terrain of the coal mining face. Below the belt conveyor 71, end-side traveling tracks 72 are spaced along the undulating terrain. The end-side steep-angle belt conveyor 71 is mainly used to lift coal from the bottom of the pit to the surface and then transfer it to the fixed belt conveyor 6. The end-side traveling tracks 72 are designed at the bottom of the belt conveyor 71 to facilitate the movement of the end-side steep-angle belt conveyor 7 along the direction of the coal mining face, achieving fully continuous transportation.

[0049] See Figure 7 The tracked unloading vehicle structure adopted in this invention includes a first tracked unloading vehicle 10 and a second tracked unloading vehicle 11, comprising a belt conveyor 101, a cable reel device 102, unloading vehicle tracks 103, and a slewing support structure 104. The belt conveyor 101 is used to transfer coal transported by the first double-slewing transfer machine 2 or the straight-line transfer machine 4 to the movable belt conveyor 12, achieving continuous coal transport. The cable reel device 102 is installed at the rear of the tracked unloading vehicle 10 and is mainly used for cable tightening and loosening during the forward and backward movement of the tracked unloading vehicle 10. The slewing support structure 104 is installed directly above the tracks, allowing the belt conveyor 101 to rotate 360°, ultimately achieving continuous coal transport. The tracked unloading vehicle 10 straddles the movable belt conveyor 12.

[0050] See Figure 8 The movable belt conveyor structure adopted in this invention includes a head section 121, a lifting section 122, a transport section 123, and a tail section 124. The head section 121 primarily provides power to the movable belt conveyor 12, and its bottom is equipped with a ground anchor for stability. The lifting section 122 lifts the coal to a certain height, facilitating connection with the inclined belt conveyor 7 at the end side, enabling continuous transport operations. The transport section 123 primarily transfers the coal unloaded from the tracked unloading vehicle 10 to the inclined belt conveyor 7 at the end side. The belt frame of the transport section 123 is designed in 30m segments to facilitate the relocation and installation of the movable belt conveyor 12. The tail section 124 is equipped with a ground anchor at its bottom for overall stability, improving transport reliability and stability.

[0051] Referring to Figure 9, the collaborative control system of this invention consists of a PLC controller, an industrial computer, a video monitoring system, and various hardware, software, and database architectures. It utilizes an industrial communication gateway (pFieldComm), SCADA software (eForceCon), and a real-time database (pSpace) to integrate equipment such as open-pit mines, double-rotor transfer machines, single-line transfer machines, tracked unloading vehicles, and moving belt conveyors to achieve fully continuous open-pit mining. After integration with the real-time database, data can be directly displayed and alarmed in real-time on the operator station and visual application portal, enabling real-time monitoring and control of the safe production status of the open-pit mine system. Ultimately, this achieves rational and optimal collaborative operation among multiple machines in fully continuous open-pit coal mining equipment. Simultaneously, safety-related data can be stored in the real-time database and relational database to build a unified comprehensive safety production database for the entire mine, enabling querying and analysis of the mine's historical safety production status; it also provides a basic data platform and access interface for coal mine informatization.

[0052] More specifically, the collaborative control system of the present invention includes at least a data acquisition and storage module, a continuous mining process implementation control module, and a three-dimensional visualization display module. The data acquisition and storage module further includes an open-pit mine system, a movable belt conveyor system, a tracked unloading vehicle system, a transfer conveyor system, an inertial navigation system, a Beidou-GPS system, and an end-side steep-angle belt conveyor system. The mining process implementation control module includes a control module for cutting the upper coal seam preparation face, a peristaltic segmented sliding movable belt conveyor control module, a control module for deploying upper and lower coal seam layered mining faces, and a module for continuous simultaneous mining of upper and lower coal seams. The data acquisition and storage module locates and collects information on various construction equipment used in continuous open-pit coal mining, and, in conjunction with the continuous mining process implementation control module, executes and monitors the actions of these construction equipment. Finally, the three-dimensional visualization display module displays the data in real-time online. The aforementioned upper coal seam cutting preparation working face control module specifically includes: determining the upper coal seam working face based on the coal seam sidewalls and coal seam thickness, and determining the position of the upper coal seam side opening; starting from the opening position, performing "Z"-shaped reciprocating cutting along the mining length section sidewalls of the coal seam working face until the upper coal seam working face reserves the working space of the upper coal seam mining system, forming an upper and lower stepped coal seam mining working face, and stopping cutting when the upper coal seam is cut to the minimum amount of coal in the coal drop area; deploying a movable belt conveyor on the top of the lower coal seam of the stepped coal seam mining working face, and the upper coal seam mining system continues to continuously reciprocate cutting the coal seam along the mining working face, realizing fully continuous cutting and transportation of the upper coal seam working face; The peristaltic segmented sliding conveyor control module specifically includes: a: The movable belt conveyor 12 is divided into sections with equal distances, including the head section 121, the lifting section 122, the transport section 123, and the tail section 124, so that each equally spaced section is 10-30m. b: Call upon the pusher and loader and other auxiliary mechanical equipment to advance the machine in equal intervals 0.1-1m towards the target direction from the head 121 to the tail 124; c: Then, proceed along the tail section 124 to the nose section 121, advancing 0.1-1m towards the target direction in equal intervals; d: This forms a peristaltic segmented sliding motion of the transfer belt conveyor 12 from beginning to end until the target moving position is reached, and the distance of the peristaltic segmented sliding motion is ≤25m; The aforementioned control module for the layered mining of upper and lower coal seams specifically includes: The lower coal mining system is installed on the movable belt conveyor. During the deployment process, the upper coal mining system operates continuously without interruption. The upper and lower coal mining systems form a system with the movable belt conveyor as the main transportation system. The aforementioned module for continuous simultaneous mining of upper and lower coal seams specifically includes: based on the maximum transfer length working range of the double rotary transfer machines in the upper and lower coal seam mining systems, continuously advancing the sliding distance of the movable belt conveyor along the mining width of the upper coal seam to ensure simultaneous and continuous mining of the upper and lower coal seams.

[0053] See Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply principle for the fully continuous mining power supply system invented in the open-pit coal mine. The power supply system is mainly provided by a central substation on the ground. The main transmission cable is conveyed to the end-side inclined belt conveyor 7 via a fixed belt conveyor 6. The power supply cable is divided into three output cables via the end-side inclined belt conveyor 7: The first cable is delivered to the head conveyor 121 via the side cable hook of the movable belt conveyor 12, providing power to the movable belt conveyor 12. Based on power calculations and communication requirements, a 70m cable is used. 2 Three-in-one unit with fiber optic cable; The second cable is delivered via a side cable hook on a movable belt conveyor 12 to a high-voltage control switch (one inlet, two outlets) installed on the first tracked unloading vehicle 10. One outlet of the high-voltage control switch is directly connected to the drive motor of the first tracked unloading vehicle 10, and the other outlet is connected to a cable reel 102. The cable, through the cable reel 102, is connected to a high-voltage control switch (one inlet, two outlets) on the second double rotary transfer machine 9. One outlet of the high-voltage control switch is connected to the drive motor of the second double rotary transfer machine, and the other outlet is delivered via a side hook on the receiving and discharging arms of the second double rotary transfer machine 9 to the cable reel of the first open-pit mining machine 8. The cable reel outlet is then connected to the drive motor of the hydraulic pump station, providing power to the first open-pit mining machine 8. Based on power calculations and communication requirements, a 95m... 2 Three-in-one unit with fiber optic cable; The third cable is conveyed via a cable hook on the side of the movable belt conveyor 12 to the high-voltage control switch (one inlet and two outlets) on the second tracked unloading vehicle 11. One outlet of the high-voltage control switch is directly connected to the drive motor of the second tracked unloading vehicle 11, and the other outlet is connected to the cable reel on the second tracked unloading vehicle 11. The cable then connects to the high-voltage control switch (one inlet and two outlets) on the second I-shaped transfer machine 4 via the cable reel outlet. One outlet of the high-voltage control switch is directly connected to the drive motor of the second I-shaped transfer machine 4, and the other outlet is connected to the first I-shaped transfer machine 3. The high-voltage control switch (one incoming line and two outgoing lines) is connected to the high-voltage control switch on the first single-spindle transfer machine 3. One outgoing line is directly connected to the drive motor of the first double-spindle transfer machine 2, and the other outgoing line is connected to the cable reel 19 on the second open-pit mining machine 1. The cable reel 19 then connects to the hydraulic pump station 16 drive motor of the second open-pit mining machine 1, providing power to the second open-pit mining machine 1. Based on power calculations and communication requirements, a 95m... 2 Three-in-one unit with fiber optic cable.

[0054] See Figure 11 The present invention also discloses a method for continuous layered mining of open-pit coal, the first step of which is to cut the upper coal seam to prepare the working face. S1.1: Determine the upper coal working face based on the coal seam sidewalls and coal seam thickness, and determine the length of the movable belt conveyor 12 based on the mining length of the coal seam working face; S1.2: Determine the location of the side opening cut in the upper coal seam based on the coal seam sidewalls and coal seam thickness. The side opening cuts are symmetrically set at both ends along the mining length of the working face. Determine the coal seam height at the cut position based on the height of the first open-face mining machine 8, i.e., the coal seam height at the cut position is ≤ the cutting height of the open-face mining machine. The first open-pit miner 8 is used to open a 24×24m cut hole at the starting position to meet the requirements for turning and turning. The first open-pit miner 8 is used to cut the first piece of coal from right to left, while maintaining a safe distance of 3m between the first open-pit miner 8 and the coal drop area. After the cutting is completed, a 24×24m cut hole is opened at the final position to meet the requirements for turning and turning. After the turning is completed, cutting begins from left to right. At the same time, bulldozers, loaders and other auxiliary equipment are used to shovel and transport the coal cut by the open-pit miner to the coal drop area (i.e., the bottom of the pit).

[0055] Referring to Figure 12, S1.3: Starting from one of the cut positions, the first open-face mining machine 8 performs a "Z"-shaped reciprocating cut along the mining length section of the coal seam working face until the upper coal working face reserves the working space of the upper coal mining system, that is, the working space can simultaneously accommodate: the first open-face mining machine 8, the first double rotary transfer machine 9, the first tracked unloading car 10, and the moving belt conveyor 12; it can form an upper and lower stepped coal seam mining working face, and when the amount of coal cut to the coal drop area (i.e., the bottom of the pit) is minimal, the first open-face mining machine 8 stops cutting.

[0056] Referring to Figure 13, S1.4: The first open-face mining machine 8 begins cutting coal from right to left, and the second double rotary transfer machine 9 throws the coal cut by the first open-face mining machine 8 into the coal drop area (i.e., the bottom of the pit); along the mining length of the coal seam face, a fixed belt conveyor 6 and an upper coal mining system are arranged, wherein a movable belt conveyor 12 is arranged on the top of the lower coal seam in the stepped coal seam mining face, and the first tracked unloading car 10 straddles the movable belt conveyor 12. The first open-face mining machine 8 mines coal along the bottom of the upper coal seam, and the mined coal is transported through the first double rotary transfer machine. 9. The coal is transported and transferred to the first tracked unloading car 10, and then continuously transported to the movable belt conveyor 12 via the first tracked unloading car 10, so as to realize the continuous cutting and transportation of the upper coal face. When the coal face has a terrain difference, an end-side steep-angle belt conveyor 7 is set between the fixed belt conveyor 6 and the movable belt conveyor 12. The first open-face mining machine 8 transports the cut coal blocks to the coal storage bunker 5 in sequence via the first double rotary transfer machine 2, the first tracked unloading car 10, the movable belt conveyor 12, the end-side steep-angle belt conveyor 7 and the fixed belt conveyor 6.

[0057] Referring to Figure 14, S1.5: At this time, the movable belt conveyor 12, the end-side steep-angle belt conveyor 7, and the fixed belt conveyor 6 have been assembled, and the assembly time is 4 coal cutting times. The first open-pit mine 8 is equipped with the second double rotary transfer machine 9 to start cutting the ninth coal from right to left. The cut coal is transported to the coal storage bin 5 through the scraper conveyor device 20 of the first open-pit mine 8, the first double rotary transfer machine 9, the movable belt conveyor 12, the end-side steep-angle belt conveyor 7, and the fixed belt conveyor 6.

[0058] Referring to Figure 15, when the first double rotary conveyor 2 in the upper coal mining system is axially perpendicular to the movable belt conveyor 12 and the first double rotary conveyor 2 reaches its maximum conveying length, the creeping segmented sliding movable belt conveyor 12 continuously completes the cutting work of the upper coal preparation face along the upper coal mining width direction.

[0059] If the first open-pit mining machine 8 has a mining width of 6m, and the total continuous mining width is 54m, according to the equipment mining volume and size, the next relocation of the conveyor belt 12 will be 25m away from the upper coal seam.

[0060] Referring to Figure 16, the open-pit coal mine continuous layered mining method of the present invention involves a very long relocation of the shifting conveyor belt 12, resulting in a very large workload. To ensure the stability and reliability of the entire mining system without affecting the mining process, the present invention has carefully designed a method for a peristaltic segmented sliding shifting conveyor belt, specifically including: a: The movable belt conveyor 12 is divided into sections with equal distances, including the head section 121, the lifting section 122, the transport section 123, and the tail section 124, so that each equally spaced section is 10-30m. b: Call upon the pusher and loader and other auxiliary mechanical equipment to advance the machine in equal intervals 0.1-1m towards the target direction from the head 121 to the tail 124; c: Then, proceed along the tail section 124 to the nose section 121, advancing 0.1-1m towards the target direction in equal intervals; d: This forms a peristaltic segmented sliding motion of the transfer belt conveyor 12 from beginning to end until the target moving position is reached, and the distance of the peristaltic segmented sliding motion is ≤25m.

[0061] Specifically, considering the relocation issue, the frame of the transferable belt conveyor 12 is designed as a segmented structure, with each segment being 30m long. Therefore, firstly, using auxiliary mechanical equipment such as the pusher and loader, the head 121 is moved forward 0.5m from right to left. Then, the lifting section 122, which is adjacent to the head, is moved forward 0.5m using the auxiliary mechanical equipment. Next, the transport section 123 is moved forward 0.5m, and then the tail 124 is moved forward 0.5m. Further, the tail 124 is moved forward 0.5m from left to right, and then the transport section 123 is moved forward 0.5m. This process is repeated to gradually complete the forward movement of the transferable belt conveyor 12, finally moving it to a position 25m away from the upper coal seam.

[0062] Referring to Figure 17, step two: setting up the upper and lower coal seam stratified mining faces further includes: S2.1: A lower coal mining system is installed on the movable belt conveyor. The second tracked unloading car 11 straddles the movable belt conveyor 12. The second open-pit mining machine 1, the second double rotary transfer machine 9 and the first straight transfer machine 3 are connected and arranged at the bottom of the coal seam. The second straight transfer machine 4 is arranged at the top of the lower coal seam and is on the same plane as the movable belt conveyor 12. S2.2: The second open-face mining machine 1 mines coal along the bottom plate of the coal seam, and the mined coal is transported and transferred to the second tracked unloading car 11 by connecting the second double rotary transfer machine 9, the first straight transfer machine 3, and the second straight transfer machine 4 in sequence; thereby realizing the unified transportation and convergence of the coal mined from the upper and lower coal seams onto the movable belt conveyor 12, and then transported to the coal bunker 5 by the fixed belt conveyor 6, thus completing the layout of the lower coal seam working face.

[0063] Step 3: Continuous and simultaneous mining of upper and lower coal seams further includes: When the first tracked unloading car 10 and the second tracked unloading car 11 move towards each other along the moving conveyor belt 12 and meet, the first tracked unloading car 10 switches from docking with the first double rotary transfer machine 2 to docking with the second straight transfer machine 4; at the same time, the second tracked unloading car 11 switches from docking with the second straight transfer machine 4 to docking with the first double rotary transfer machine 2, thereby realizing all-round, large-angle cutting and transfer of coal material between the upper and lower coal seams; when the first double rotary transfer machine 2 of the upper coal mining system is axially perpendicular to the moving conveyor belt 12 and the first double rotary transfer machine 2 reaches its maximum transfer length; through the creeping segmented sliding moving conveyor belt, the sliding distance of the moving conveyor belt along the mining depth of the upper coal seam is continuously advanced, ensuring continuous and simultaneous mining of the upper and lower coal seams.

[0064] During the transfer, transportation, and unloading process, the first tracked unloading car 10 and the second tracked unloading car 11 can interchange their positions based on the relative positions of the second open-pit mine 1, the first open-pit mine 8, and the movable transfer conveyor 12. Specifically, when the first tracked unloading car 10 and the second tracked unloading car 11 move towards each other along the movable belt conveyor 12 and meet, the first tracked unloading car 10 switches from docking with the first double-rotary transfer conveyor 2 to docking with the second straight-line transfer conveyor 4; simultaneously, the second tracked unloading car 11 switches from docking with the second straight-line transfer conveyor 4 to docking with the first double-rotary transfer conveyor 2, thereby achieving all-round, large-angle cutting and transfer of coal from the upper and lower coal seams.

Claims

1. A method for continuous layered mining in open-pit coal mines using a fully continuous layered mining system, wherein the fully continuous layered mining system includes a fully continuous mining power supply system, a fixed belt conveyor (6) installed on the outer side of the coal seam, and a movable belt conveyor (12) perpendicularly connected to the fixed belt conveyor (6), wherein the movable belt conveyor (12) is installed along the mining length direction of the coal seam working face, characterized in that: It also includes an upper coal mining system, a lower coal mining system, and a collaborative control system. The upper and lower coal mining systems are detachably and movable on a movable belt conveyor (12). The collaborative control system is used to control the upper and lower coal mining systems to independently complete coal mining, crushing, and transfer along the coal seam working face mining direction on the movable belt conveyor (12) according to the coal seam cutting target requirements, or to collaboratively control the upper and lower coal seams to reciprocate in a "Z" shaped cutting coal seam working face, complete full-coverage transfer and continuous transportation of coal, and at the same time coordinate the movable belt conveyor (12) to perform creeping segmented sliding, adjust the sliding distance of the movable belt conveyor (12) along the upper coal mining width, and form uninterrupted continuous mining of the upper and lower coal seams. The fully continuous coal mining layered mining method of this open-pit coal mine includes the following steps: Step 1: Cutting the upper coal seam to prepare the working face S1.1: Determine the upper coal working face based on the coal seam sidewalls and coal seam thickness; S1.2: Determine the location of the side cut in the upper coal seam based on the coal seam sidewalls and coal seam thickness; S1.3: Starting from the opening position, perform "Z"-shaped reciprocating cutting along the mining length section of the coal seam working face until the upper coal working face reserves the working space of the upper coal mining system, which can form an upper and lower bench coal seam mining working face, and stop cutting when the upper coal is cut to the minimum amount of coal in the coal drop area. S1.4: Along the mining length of the coal seam working face, the movable belt conveyor (12) is set up on the top of the lower coal seam of the stepped coal seam mining working face. The upper coal mining system continues to cut the coal seam continuously along the mining working face to realize the full continuous cutting and transportation of the upper coal working face. S1.5: When the upper coal mining system is perpendicular to the axis of the movable belt conveyor and reaches the maximum transfer length of the upper coal mining system, the creeping segmented sliding movable belt conveyor continuously completes the cutting work of the upper coal preparation face along the upper coal mining width direction. Step 2: Deploy the upper and lower coal seam stratified mining faces S2.1: Install a lower coal mining system on a movable belt conveyor; S2.2: The upper and lower coal mining systems are formed with a movable belt conveyor (12) as the main transportation system. Each of the upper and lower coal mining systems contains a corresponding continuous mining machine that cuts the coal seam in a "Z" shape in opposite directions to complete the layout of the lower coal working face. Step 3: Continuous and simultaneous mining of upper and lower coal seams Based on the maximum transfer length working range of the upper and lower coal seams in the mining system, the peristaltic segmented sliding conveyor belt is continuously advanced along the sliding distance of the upper coal seam mining width to form uninterrupted continuous mining of the upper and lower coal seams.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The aforementioned movable belt conveyor (12) is set at the top of the lower coal seam. The upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system are respectively straddled and rotatably set on both sides of the movable belt conveyor (12). The upper coal mining system is located at the top of the lower coal seam, and the lower coal mining system is set at the bottom plate of the coal seam and the top plate of the lower coal seam, respectively. The upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system use the movable belt conveyor (12) as the moving track. The upper coal mining system moves along the bottom of the upper coal seam, and the lower coal mining system moves along the bottom plate of the coal seam, cutting the coal mining face back and forth until the maximum transfer length of the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system is reached. Then, the parallel creeping segmented sliding movable belt conveyor forms the simultaneous continuous mining of the upper and lower coal seams.

3. The method as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The upper coal mining system includes at least: a first open-face mining machine (8), a first double rotary transfer machine (2), and a first tracked unloading car (10), wherein the first tracked unloading car (10) straddles a movable belt conveyor (12), the first open-face mining machine (8) mines coal along the bottom of the upper coal seam, and transports and transfers the mined coal to the first tracked unloading car (10) via the first double rotary transfer machine (2); the lower coal mining system includes at least: a second open-face mining machine (1), a second double rotary transfer machine (9), a first straight transfer machine (3), a second straight transfer machine (4), and a second tracked unloading car (11), wherein the second tracked unloading car (11) straddles a movable belt conveyor. On the machine (12), the second open-face mining machine (1), the second double rotary transfer machine (9) and the first straight transfer machine (3) are connected and arranged at the bottom of the coal seam. The second straight transfer machine (4) is arranged at the top of the lower coal seam and is on the same plane as the movable belt conveyor (12). The second open-face mining machine (1) mines coal along the bottom of the coal seam and transports the mined coal through the second double rotary transfer machine (9), the first straight transfer machine (3) and the second straight transfer machine (4) in sequence to the second tracked unloading car (11). Thus, the coal mined from the upper and lower coal seams is transported and merged into the movable belt conveyor (12) and then transported to the coal bunker (5) through the fixed belt conveyor (6).

4. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that: A large-angle belt conveyor (7) is also installed between the fixed belt conveyor (6) and the movable belt conveyor (12) to lift the coal from the bottom of the pit to the ground, realize the transfer of coal blocks and full continuous transportation.

5. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The first open-pit mine (8) and the second open-pit mine (1) include: a tracked vehicle body (15), a control room (1-2), a cutting boom (1-1), a self-circulating water tank (1-3), a main electrical control box (14), a hydraulic pump station (16), a loading claw (17), a crushing drum (18), and a scraper conveyor (20). The tracked vehicle body (15) is located at the bottom of the first open-pit mine (8) and the second open-pit mine (1). The main electrical control box (14), the hydraulic pump station (16), and the self-circulating water tank (1-3) are arranged side by side on the tracked vehicle body. Above the vehicle body (15), which is located at the bottom center of the first open-pit mine (8) and the second open-pit mine (1), the cutting arm (1-1) is installed in front of the first open-pit mine (8) and the second open-pit mine (1), the control room (1-2) is located directly above the first open-pit mine (8) and the second open-pit mine (1), the scraper conveyor (20) is installed in the middle of the first open-pit mine (8) and the second open-pit mine (1), the loading claw (17) is installed at the front end of the scraper conveyor (20), and the crushing drum (18) is set inside the scraper conveyor (20).

6. The method as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The scraper conveyor (20) is designed with a rotatable chute at the rear, with a maximum rotation angle of 45°, for the first open-pit miner (8) and the second open-pit miner (1) to be matched with the second double rotary transfer machine (9) and the first double rotary transfer machine (2) respectively during the coal cutting process.

7. The method as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The first double rotary transfer machine (2) and the second double rotary transfer machine (2) include double rotary walking tracks (24) located at the bottom of the second double rotary transfer machine (9) and the first double rotary transfer machine (2). A receiving arm (21) and a first rotary support device (23) are provided above the double rotary walking track (24). A receiving arm (21) and a discharge arm (22) are respectively provided on both sides above the first rotary support device (23). The receiving arm (21) is used to transport and transfer the coal material conveyed by the scraper conveyor (20). The discharge arm (22) transports and transfers the coal material conveyed by the receiving arm (21) and transfers the coal material to the first tracked unloading car (10) or the first straight transfer machine (3) and the second straight transfer machine (4) according to the connection relationship, and finally delivers it to the second tracked unloading car (11).

8. The method as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The receiving arm (21) and the discharging arm (22) form a certain angle, the angle range being 0° to 90°.

9. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The first straight-line transfer machine (3) and the second straight-line transfer machine (4) include a straight-line walking track (32) set at the bottom, a slewing support device (23) for 360° rotation is set above the straight-line walking track (32), and a straight-line belt conveyor (31) is set on the second slewing support device (33).

10. The method as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The aforementioned end-side steep-angle belt conveyor (7) includes a belt conveyor (71) laid along the undulating terrain of the coal mining face, and end-side walking tracks (72) are spaced apart below the belt conveyor (71) along the undulating terrain.

11. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The first tracked unloading vehicle (10) and the second tracked unloading vehicle (11) include unloading vehicle tracks (103) straddling the transfer conveyor (12), a slewing support structure (104) is provided above the unloading vehicle tracks (103), and a belt conveyor (101) is provided on one side above the slewing support structure (104) to transfer the coal transported by the docked first double slewing transfer machine (2) or the second straight transfer machine (4) to the transfer conveyor (12).

12. The method as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The movable belt conveyor (12) includes a head (121), a lifting section (122), a transport section (123) and a tail (124) connected in sequence. The lifting section (122) is used to connect with the end-side steep-angle belt conveyor (7). The transport section (123) is connected to the first tracked unloading car (10) and the second tracked unloading car (11) respectively, and the coal unloaded by the first tracked unloading car (10) and the second tracked unloading car (11) is transferred and transported to the end-side steep-angle belt conveyor (7) or the fixed belt conveyor (6).

13. The method as described in claim 11, characterized in that: When the first tracked unloading car (10) and the second tracked unloading car (11) move towards each other along the moving belt conveyor (12) and meet, the first tracked unloading car (10) switches from docking with the first double rotary transfer machine (2) to docking with the second straight transfer machine (4); at the same time, the second tracked unloading car (11) switches from docking with the second straight transfer machine (4) to docking with the first double rotary transfer machine (2), thereby realizing the all-round, large-angle cutting and transfer of coal materials in the upper and lower coal seams.

14. The method as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The aforementioned collaborative control system includes at least a data acquisition and storage module, a continuous mining process implementation control module, and a 3D visualization module. The data acquisition and storage module further includes an open-pit mine system, a movable belt conveyor system, a tracked unloading vehicle system, a transfer conveyor system, an inertial navigation system, a BeiDou GPS system, and an end-side steep-angle belt conveyor system. The mining process implementation control module includes a control module for cutting the upper coal seam preparation face, a control module for a creeping segmented sliding movable belt conveyor, a control module for deploying upper and lower coal seam layered mining faces, and a module for continuous simultaneous mining of upper and lower coal seams. The data acquisition and storage module locates and collects information on various construction equipment used in continuous open-pit coal mining, and, in conjunction with the continuous mining process implementation control module, executes and monitors the actions of these equipment. Finally, the 3D visualization module displays the data online in real time. The aforementioned upper coal seam cutting preparation working face control module specifically includes: determining the upper coal seam working face based on the coal seam sidewalls and coal seam thickness, and determining the position of the upper coal seam side opening; starting from the opening position, performing "Z"-shaped reciprocating cutting along the mining length section sidewalls of the coal seam working face until the upper coal seam working face reserves the working space of the upper coal seam mining system, forming an upper and lower stepped coal seam mining working face, and stopping cutting when the upper coal seam is cut to the minimum amount of coal in the coal drop area; deploying a movable belt conveyor on the top of the lower coal seam of the stepped coal seam mining working face, and the upper coal seam mining system continues to continuously reciprocate cutting the coal seam along the mining working face, realizing fully continuous cutting and transportation of the upper coal seam working face; The peristaltic segmented sliding conveyor control module specifically includes: a: The position of the movable belt conveyor (12) is marked according to the distance of the head (121), the lifting section (122), the transport section (123) and the tail (124), so that each equally spaced section is 10-30m; b: Call upon the pusher and loader and related auxiliary mechanical equipment to advance the machine in equal intervals from the head (121) to the tail (124) towards the target direction by 0.1-1m; c: Then, proceed along the tail (124) to the nose (121) in equal intervals, advancing 0.1-1m towards the target direction; d: This forms a shifting belt conveyor (12) that reciprocates from beginning to end in a peristaltic segmented sliding motion until it reaches the target moving position, wherein the distance of the peristaltic segmented sliding motion is ≤25m; The aforementioned control module for the layered mining of upper and lower coal seams specifically includes: The lower coal mining system is installed on the movable belt conveyor. During the deployment process, the upper coal mining system operates continuously without interruption. The upper and lower coal mining systems form a system with the movable belt conveyor as the main transportation system. The aforementioned module for continuous simultaneous mining of upper and lower coal seams specifically includes: based on the maximum transfer length working range of the double rotary transfer machines in the upper and lower coal seam mining systems, continuously advancing the sliding distance of the movable belt conveyor along the mining width of the upper coal seam to ensure simultaneous and continuous mining of the upper and lower coal seams.

15. The method as described in claim 14, characterized in that: The aforementioned continuous mining power supply system provides power through a ground central substation. The main power transmission cable is transported to the end-side steep-angle belt conveyor (7) via a fixed belt conveyor (6). The power supply cable is divided into three cable outputs via the end-side steep-angle belt conveyor (7). The first cable provides power to the moving belt conveyor (12) via the moving belt conveyor (12); the second cable provides power to the first tracked unloading vehicle (10), the first double rotary transfer machine (2) and the first open-pit mining machine (8) via the moving belt conveyor (12); the third cable provides power to the second tracked unloading vehicle (11), the second straight transfer machine (4), the first straight transfer machine (3), the second double rotary transfer machine (9) and the second open-pit mining machine (1) via the moving belt conveyor (12).

16. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step 1: Cutting the upper coal seam to prepare the working face further includes: S1.1: Determine the upper coal working face based on the coal seam sidewalls and coal seam thickness, and determine the length of the movable belt conveyor (12) based on the mining length of the coal seam working face; S1.2: Determine the position of the side opening cut in the upper coal seam based on the coal seam sidewall and coal seam thickness. The side opening cut is symmetrically set at both ends along the mining length of the working face. Determine the coal seam height at the cut position based on the height of the first open-face mining machine (8), that is, the coal seam height at the cut position is ≤ the cutting height of the open-face mining machine. S1.3: Starting from one of the cut positions, the first open-face mining machine (8) performs a "Z"-shaped reciprocating cut along the mining length section of the coal seam working face until the upper coal working face reserves the working space of the upper coal mining system, that is, the working space can simultaneously accommodate: the first open-face mining machine (8), the first double rotary transfer machine (2), the first tracked unloading car (10) and the movable belt conveyor (12); it can form an upper and lower stepped coal seam mining working face, and when the upper coal is cut to the minimum amount of coal in the coal drop area, the first open-face mining machine (8) stops cutting; S1.4: Along the mining length of the coal seam working face, a fixed belt conveyor (6) and an upper coal mining system are arranged. The movable belt conveyor (12) is placed on the top of the lower coal seam of the stepped coal seam mining working face. The first tracked unloading car (10) straddles the movable belt conveyor (12). The first open-pit miner (8) mines coal along the bottom of the upper coal seam. The mined coal is transported and transferred to the first tracked unloading car (10) through the first double rotary transfer machine (2). Then, it is continuously transported to the movable belt conveyor (12) through the first tracked unloading car (10), so as to realize the full continuous cutting and transportation of the upper coal working face. S1.5: When the first double rotary transfer machine (2) in the upper coal mining system is axially perpendicular to the transfer belt conveyor (12) and the first double rotary transfer machine (2) reaches the maximum transfer length, the creeping segmented sliding transfer belt conveyor (12) continuously completes the cutting work of the upper coal preparation face along the upper coal mining width direction.

17. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: S1.4 further includes: along the mining length direction of the coal seam working face, when the coal mining face has a terrain difference, an end-side steep-angle belt conveyor (7) is set between the fixed belt conveyor (6) and the movable belt conveyor (12), and the first open-pit mining machine (8) transports the cut coal blocks to the coal storage bin (5) in sequence through the first double rotary transfer machine (2), the first crawler unloading car (10), the movable belt conveyor (12), the end-side steep-angle belt conveyor (7) and the fixed belt conveyor (6).

18. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step Two: Setting up the upper and lower coal seam stratified mining faces further includes: S2.1: Install a lower coal mining system on the movable belt conveyor. The second tracked unloading car (11) straddles the movable belt conveyor (12). The second open-pit mining machine (1), the second double rotary transfer machine (9) and the first straight transfer machine (3) are connected and arranged at the bottom of the coal seam. The second straight transfer machine (4) is arranged at the top of the lower coal seam and is on the same plane as the movable belt conveyor (12). S2.2: The second open-face mining machine (1) mines coal along the bottom plate of the coal seam, and the mined coal is transported and transferred to the second tracked unloading car (11) by the second double rotary transfer machine (9), the first straight transfer machine (3), and the second straight transfer machine (4) in sequence; thereby realizing the unified transportation and convergence of the coal mined from the upper and lower coal seams to the movable belt conveyor (12), and then transported to the coal bunker (5) by the fixed belt conveyor (6), thus completing the layout of the lower coal seam working face.

19. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Step 3: Continuous and simultaneous mining of upper and lower coal seams further includes: When the first tracked unloading car (10) and the second tracked unloading car (11) move towards each other along the moving conveyor belt (12), the first tracked unloading car (10) switches from docking with the first double rotary transfer machine (2) to docking with the second straight transfer machine (4); at the same time, the second tracked unloading car (11) switches from docking with the second straight transfer machine (4) to docking with the first double rotary transfer machine (2), thereby realizing all-round, large-angle cutting and transfer of coal materials in the upper and lower coal seams; when the first double rotary transfer machine (2) of the upper coal mining system is axially perpendicular to the moving conveyor belt (12) and the first double rotary transfer machine (2) reaches the maximum transfer length state; through the creeping segmented sliding moving conveyor belt, the sliding distance of the moving conveyor belt along the mining depth of the upper coal seam is continuously advanced to ensure continuous and simultaneous mining of the upper and lower coal seams.

20. The method according to any one of claims 16-19, characterized in that: The peristaltic segmented sliding conveyor belt conveyor described above, specifically includes the following methods: a: The position of the movable belt conveyor (12) is marked according to the distance of the head (121), the lifting section (122), the transport section (123) and the tail (124), so that each equally spaced section is 10-30m; b: Call upon the pusher and loader and related auxiliary mechanical equipment to advance the machine in equal intervals from the head (121) to the tail (124) towards the target direction by 0.1-1m; c: Then, proceed along the tail (124) to the nose (121) in equal intervals, advancing 0.1-1m towards the target direction; d: Thus, the transfer belt conveyor (12) is formed to circulate and reciprocate in a segmented, peristaltic motion from beginning to end until the target moving position is reached, and the distance of the segmented, peristaltic motion is ≤25m.

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