Direct air carbon capture system and method using electric vehicle electric motor coolant liquid waste heat

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of carbon capture, and discloses a direct air carbon capture system and method using electric vehicle motor coolant waste heat. The heat source for carbon dioxide desorption of the novel carbon capture system includes motor coolant waste heat and brake energy recovery heating. The electric power recovered by automobile braking is used to heat the motor coolant to increase the temperature of the coolant sent to the absorption-desorption tower. After the air passes through the absorption-desorption tower, the obtained pure carbon dioxide is sent to a gas-liquid separator, and then compressed into a liquid state by a compression device and stored in a storage device. The present application has the advantages of high carbon capture amount, full utilization of motor coolant waste heat compared with directly discharging part of the heat into the air, free and flexible carbon capture process, long capture time, strong plasticity, and completion of carbon dioxide capture during electric vehicle driving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of direct air carbon capture, and more specifically to a system and method for direct air carbon capture using waste heat from the coolant of an electric vehicle motor. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, due to the continued dominance of fossil fuel use, the concentration of greenhouse gases released from their combustion, especially CO2 which has the greatest impact on global warming, seriously affects human survival and development.

[0003] Today, direct air carbon capture (CACC) technology is a major technological means of mitigating the global climate crisis and has been applied and developed in many industries, such as power plants, cement manufacturing plants, and steel mills. CACC can absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and store or utilize it to alleviate the rise in carbon dioxide concentration. However, most carbon capture devices are fixed devices that cannot be moved and occupy a large area, consuming land resources.

[0004] While the number of gasoline-powered vehicles continues to rise, the market share of electric vehicles is also increasing. This patent combines electric vehicles with carbon capture technology, enabling electric vehicles to capture carbon during operation to offset some of their own carbon emissions. Applying direct air carbon capture technology to electric vehicles allows for targeted and enhanced capture of emission sources. This technology does not require land resources; the energy for the carbon dioxide adsorption process can be provided by waste heat from the electric motor's coolant and regenerative braking, utilizing waste heat while reducing additional energy consumption. Compared to typical carbon capture plants, this technology does not require large, stationary fans; air absorption can be completed while the vehicle is in motion, reducing energy consumption during carbon capture. Leveraging the electric vehicle boom to improve environmental issues can achieve twice the result with half the effort. Therefore, technological development in this field is crucial and represents a new exploration of the application of direct air carbon capture technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, in order to solve the problems in the background technology, the present invention proposes a direct air carbon capture system and method using the waste heat of the electric motor coolant. This system utilizes the waste heat of the motor coolant and the electrical energy recovered during braking to achieve direct air carbon capture on electric vehicles, thereby mitigating climate change.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention provides an electric vehicle motor coolant waste heat carbon capture and energy supply system, comprising an electric motor, a motor water jacket, an adsorption-desorption tower, a heater, a generator, an intake controller, a cooling water tank, a water pump, a solenoid valve, a gas-liquid separator, a controller, a power control box, a compression device, and a storage device.

[0007] This invention includes a waste heat recovery system for electric motor coolant, a coolant circulation system, and a carbon dioxide capture and recovery system; The motor coolant waste heat recovery system is equipped with an internal circulation coolant outlet for the motor, wherein the internal circulation coolant outlet for the motor is connected to a heater, and the heater is connected to the bottom of the adsorption-desorption tower via a pipeline, thus forming the motor coolant waste heat recovery system. The coolant circulation system mainly consists of the engine coolant outlet, heater, first solenoid valve, coolant tank, water pump, second solenoid valve, adsorption-desorption tower, motor coolant inlet, and motor water jacket connected in sequence. The carbon dioxide capture and recovery system includes an intake controller, an adsorption-desorption tower, a controller, a gas-liquid separator, a compression device, a storage device, and a generator. The intake controller is connected to the inlet of the adsorption-desorption tower. The mixed gas after desorption by the adsorption-desorption tower is connected to the gas-liquid separator and then to the storage device via the compression device. The power consumption of the compression device comes from the generator of the vehicle itself.

[0008] Furthermore, the adsorption-desorption tower is equipped with a controller, which is connected to the adsorption-desorption tower and the coolant circulation system to control the reaction process of the adsorption-desorption tower and realize the sequential adsorption and desorption of the adsorption-desorption tower.

[0009] Another technical solution of the present invention is a method for a system that uses waste heat from the coolant of an electric vehicle motor to capture carbon for energy supply, characterized by comprising the following steps: The coolant flows into the heater through the outlet, and is heated by the electricity recovered from the braking of the electric vehicle to raise the temperature of the coolant to 100±10℃. The heated coolant then flows into the adsorption-desorption tower to be heated for the carbon dioxide desorption process. The coolant heated during the carbon dioxide desorption process flows through a cooling water tank to be cooled to ambient temperature. After being pressurized by a water pump, it flows through the adsorption-desorption tower and then returns to the motor through the motor coolant inlet, completing the coolant circulation. Air enters the adsorption-desorption tower through the air intake controller. The adsorption-desorption tower adsorbs carbon dioxide from the air. After adsorption is complete, the remaining gas is discharged. Then, the carbon dioxide is desorbed. The desorbed mixed gas is sent to the gas-liquid separation device for gas-liquid separation. The pure carbon dioxide gas is compressed into liquid using a compression device. Finally, the liquid carbon dioxide is placed in a storage device for storage.

[0010] The storage device stores the obtained liquid carbon dioxide and can be replaced when the storage capacity is reached.

[0011] The gas entering the air intake controller is air, and the gases exiting the two outlets of the adsorption-desorption tower are air without carbon dioxide and a mixture of carbon dioxide and water vapor, respectively.

[0012] The power control box transmits the electricity recovered from the braking of the electric vehicle to the heater and monitors the temperature of the coolant in the heater in real time.

[0013] Optionally, the electric motor is a power unit for a car, and its internal coolant is used to heat the adsorption-desorption tower.

[0014] Optionally, the cooling water tank contains multiple rows of condensate pipes to reduce the temperature of the coolant.

[0015] Optionally, the power control box transmits the electricity recovered from the electric vehicle's braking to the heater and monitors the temperature of the coolant in the heater in real time.

[0016] Optionally, the adsorbent is PEI-SiO2.

[0017] Optionally, the system for direct air carbon capture using waste heat includes a gas-liquid separation device; the gas-liquid separation device is used to condense the water vapor and carbon dioxide mixture in the adsorption-desorption tower to separate the carbon dioxide from the water; the gas-liquid separation device is connected to the outlet of the adsorption-desorption tower and the inlet of the compression device.

[0018] Optionally, the compression device is used to compress condensed carbon dioxide gas, cool it, and then compress it into a liquid for storage in a storage container. Optionally, the storage device is used to store liquid carbon dioxide, and the storage device includes a volumetric meter and a carbon dioxide storage tank; the volumetric meter is used to measure whether the storage amount has reached the rated value; the carbon dioxide storage tank is used to store liquid carbon dioxide.

[0019] Optionally, the controller is connected to the adsorption-desorption tower and the coolant circulation system to control the reaction process of the adsorption-desorption tower, so as to realize the sequential adsorption and desorption of the adsorption-desorption tower.

[0020] Optionally, the air intake controller is connected to the adsorption-desorption tower to control the air intake time.

[0021] Optionally, the water pump, used in the coolant circulation, is used to pressurize the coolant and pump it into the electric motor. It is a water pump used in existing engines, including mechanical water pumps and electronic water pumps.

[0022] Optionally, the solenoid valve is used to regulate the coolant flow rate throughout the system.

[0023] Optionally, the various devices are connected by connecting pipes, the connecting pipes being equipped with control valves for controlling the flow of hot materials and the entry and exit of gas.

[0024] This invention also discloses a method for achieving direct air carbon capture system based on the above-mentioned method of utilizing coolant waste heat. When air enters the adsorption-desorption tower, the controller shuts off the coolant flowing out of the engine outlet. The adsorption-desorption tower completes the adsorption of carbon dioxide at room temperature. When the controller detects that the carbon dioxide content in the adsorption-desorption tower is almost zero, it discharges the remaining gas in the adsorption-desorption tower, and the adsorption process ends. At this time, the intake controller 17 and the second solenoid valve 18 are closed, and the third solenoid valve F9 is opened, allowing the high-temperature coolant to heat the adsorption-desorption tower to complete the desorption of carbon dioxide. After the desorption is completed, the mixed gas flows through the gas-liquid separator for gas-liquid separation.

[0025] The advantage of the system employed in this invention lies in its precise capture of carbon dioxide at the emission source by utilizing the waste heat of the electric motor's coolant. The system's heat stream originates from the waste heat of the electric motor's coolant and the electricity recovered during braking, thus utilizing this waste heat and reducing system energy consumption. Installed on a mobile electric vehicle, the system eliminates the need for large fans to collect air, leveraging the vehicle's mobility to achieve air collection and further reducing energy consumption during carbon capture. This invention offers high carbon capture capacity, flexibility, and full utilization of the waste heat of the electric motor's coolant and the electricity recovered during braking.

[0026] Compared with other carbon capture systems, the system of this invention has significant advantages in energy utilization and capture efficiency.

[0027] The implementation of this invention can mitigate climate change, reduce resource consumption during carbon capture, and promote the achievement of carbon neutrality. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a carbon capture device that utilizes waste heat from the motor coolant and recovered electricity from braking.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a carbon dioxide storage device.

[0030] The reference numerals in the attached diagram are explained as follows: 1-Motor, 2-Motor water jacket, 3-Coolant inlet, 4-Coolant outlet, 5-Water pump, 6-Cooling water tank, 7-Adsorption-desorption tower, F8-First solenoid valve, F9-Third solenoid valve, 10-Controller, 11-Generator, 12-Heater, 13-Power control box, 14-Gas-liquid separation device, 15-Compression device, 16-Storage device, 17-Inlet controller, 18-Second solenoid valve. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a direct air carbon capture system utilizing the waste heat of electric vehicle motor coolant, including an electric motor 1, an electric motor water jacket 2, a water pump 5, a cooling water tank 6, an adsorption-desorption tower 7, a first solenoid valve F8 and a third solenoid valve F9, a controller 10, a generator 11, a heater 12, a power control box 13, a gas-liquid separation device 14, a compression device 15, a storage device 16, an intake controller 17, and a connecting device.

[0033] The carbon capture system includes a motor coolant waste heat recovery system, a coolant circulation system, and a carbon dioxide capture and recovery system. The motor coolant waste heat recovery system includes an internal circulating coolant outlet 4 for the motor 1, which is connected to a heater 12, forming the motor coolant waste heat recovery system.

[0034] Furthermore, the coolant flows into heater 12 through outlet 4, where it is heated by the electricity recovered from the braking of the electric vehicle to increase the temperature of the coolant. The heated coolant then flows into adsorption-desorption tower 7 for heating during the carbon dioxide desorption process.

[0035] The coolant circulation includes an engine coolant outlet 4, a heater 12, a first solenoid valve F8, a cooling water tank 6, a water pump 5, a second solenoid valve 18, an adsorption-desorption tower 7, an electric motor coolant inlet 3, and an electric motor water jacket 2, the purpose of which is to provide heat for the carbon capture process.

[0036] Furthermore, the coolant heated during the carbon dioxide desorption process flows through the cooling water tank 6 to be cooled to ambient temperature, then is pressurized by the water pump 5 and flows through the adsorption-desorption tower 7, before returning to the motor 1 through the motor coolant inlet 3, thus completing the coolant circulation.

[0037] The carbon dioxide capture and recovery system includes an air intake controller 17, an adsorption-desorption tower 7, a controller 10, a gas-liquid separation device 14, a compression device 15, a storage device 16, and a generator 11.

[0038] Furthermore, air enters the adsorption-desorption tower 7 via the air intake controller 17. The adsorption-desorption tower 7 adsorbs carbon dioxide from the air. After adsorption is complete, the remaining gas is discharged, and then the carbon dioxide is desorbed. The desorbed mixed gas is sent to the gas-liquid separator 14 for gas-liquid separation. The pure carbon dioxide gas is compressed into liquid using the compression device 15. The power consumption of the compression device comes from the generator 11 of the car itself. Finally, the liquid carbon dioxide is placed in the storage device 16 for storage.

[0039] The waste heat recovery system for electric motor coolant and braking energy in this invention utilizes the recovered waste heat from the coolant in a carbon dioxide capture system, significantly reducing energy consumption compared to traditional carbon capture systems. Recovering and utilizing the waste heat from the electric motor 1's coolant for carbon capture improves energy efficiency and meets the energy requirements of the carbon dioxide capture device. Furthermore, by recovering and utilizing the braking energy of the electric vehicle through the heater 12, energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved simultaneously with carbon dioxide capture.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, the carbon dioxide storage device 16 is used to store liquid carbon dioxide. The intelligent detection instruments and meters installed in it can detect the carbon dioxide content inside the storage device in real time. When the storage capacity reaches the rated value, the liquid carbon dioxide inside the device can be extracted.

[0041] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Various modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the content disclosed in the specific embodiments, and the scope of protection claimed by the present invention shall be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A direct air carbon capture system utilizing waste heat from the coolant of an electric vehicle motor, characterized in that, This includes a waste heat recovery system for electric motor coolant, a coolant circulation system, and a carbon dioxide capture and recovery system. The motor coolant waste heat recovery system is equipped with an internal circulation coolant outlet for the motor, wherein the internal circulation coolant outlet for the motor is connected to a heater, and the heater is connected to the bottom of the adsorption-desorption tower via a pipeline. The coolant circulation system mainly consists of the motor coolant outlet, heater, first solenoid valve, cooling water tank, water pump, second solenoid valve, adsorption-desorption tower, motor coolant inlet, and motor water jacket connected in sequence. The carbon dioxide capture and recovery system mainly includes an intake controller, an adsorption-desorption tower, a controller, a gas-liquid separator, a compression device, a storage device, and a generator. The intake controller is connected to the inlet of the adsorption-desorption tower. The mixed gas pipeline after desorption by the adsorption-desorption tower is connected to the gas-liquid separator and then to the storage device via the compression device. The power consumption of the compression device comes from the generator of the vehicle itself. The adsorption-desorption tower is equipped with a controller, which is connected to the adsorption-desorption tower and the coolant circulation system. The controller is used to control the reaction process of the adsorption-desorption tower and realize the sequential adsorption and desorption of the adsorption-desorption tower. The coolant flows into the heater through the outlet, and is heated by the electricity recovered from the braking of the electric vehicle, raising the temperature of the coolant to 100±10℃. The heated coolant then flows into the adsorption-desorption tower for heating the carbon dioxide desorption process. The coolant heated during the carbon dioxide desorption process flows through a cooling water tank to be cooled to ambient temperature, then passes through a water pump and flows through an adsorption-desorption tower, before returning to the motor through the motor coolant inlet, thus completing the coolant circulation. Air enters the adsorption-desorption tower through the air intake controller. The adsorption-desorption tower adsorbs carbon dioxide from the air. After adsorption is complete, the remaining gas is discharged. Then, the carbon dioxide is desorbed. The desorbed mixed gas is sent to the gas-liquid separation device for gas-liquid separation. The pure carbon dioxide gas is compressed into liquid using a compression device. Finally, the liquid carbon dioxide is placed in a storage device for storage. When air enters the adsorption-desorption tower, the controller shuts off the coolant flowing from the motor outlet. The adsorption-desorption tower completes the adsorption of carbon dioxide at room temperature. When the controller detects that the carbon dioxide content in the adsorption-desorption tower is zero, it discharges the remaining gas in the adsorption-desorption tower, and the adsorption process ends. At this time, the air inlet controller and the second solenoid valve are closed, and the third solenoid valve is opened, allowing the high-temperature coolant to heat the adsorption-desorption tower to complete the desorption of carbon dioxide. After the desorption is completed, the mixed gas flows through the gas-liquid separator for gas-liquid separation.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air intake controller is connected to the adsorption-desorption tower and is used to control the air intake time.

3. The method of the system according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The coolant flows into the heater through the outlet, and is heated by the electricity recovered from the braking of the electric vehicle, raising the temperature of the coolant to 100±10℃. The heated coolant then flows into the adsorption-desorption tower for heating the carbon dioxide desorption process. The coolant heated during the carbon dioxide desorption process flows through a cooling water tank to be cooled to ambient temperature, then passes through a water pump and flows through an adsorption-desorption tower, before returning to the motor through the motor coolant inlet, thus completing the coolant circulation. Air enters the adsorption-desorption tower through the air intake controller. The adsorption-desorption tower adsorbs carbon dioxide from the air. After adsorption is complete, the remaining gas is discharged. Then, the carbon dioxide is desorbed. The desorbed mixed gas is sent to the gas-liquid separation device for gas-liquid separation. The pure carbon dioxide gas is compressed into liquid using a compression device. Finally, the liquid carbon dioxide is placed in a storage device for storage. When air enters the adsorption-desorption tower, the controller shuts off the coolant flowing from the motor outlet. The adsorption-desorption tower completes the adsorption of carbon dioxide at room temperature. When the controller detects that the carbon dioxide content in the adsorption-desorption tower is zero, it discharges the remaining gas in the adsorption-desorption tower, and the adsorption process ends. At this time, the air inlet controller and the second solenoid valve are closed, and the third solenoid valve is opened, allowing the high-temperature coolant to heat the adsorption-desorption tower to complete the desorption of carbon dioxide. After the desorption is completed, the mixed gas flows through the gas-liquid separator for gas-liquid separation.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The storage device stores the obtained liquid carbon dioxide and replaces it when the storage capacity is reached.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gas entering the air intake controller is air, and the gases exiting the two outlets of the adsorption-desorption tower are air without carbon dioxide and a mixture of carbon dioxide and water vapor, respectively.

Images