A thermal management system and an electric vehicle

Abstract

This application provides a thermal management system and an electric vehicle, relating to the field of thermal management equipment technology. The thermal management system includes a preset compressor mechanism, a solenoid valve assembly, an expansion valve assembly, a preset heat exchanger mechanism, a preset condenser mechanism, an evaporator, a cooler, a 12-way valve, and a battery component. The outlet of the preset compressor mechanism is connected to the inlet of a first solenoid valve and the inlet of a second solenoid valve. The outlet of the first solenoid valve, the preset heat exchanger mechanism, the second electronic expansion valve, the cooler, and the inlet of the preset compressor mechanism are sequentially connected. The outlet of the second solenoid valve, the preset condenser mechanism, the first electronic expansion valve, the evaporator, and the inlet of the preset compressor mechanism are also sequentially connected. The inlets and outlets of the preset heat exchanger mechanism, the preset condenser mechanism, and the battery component are connected to the corresponding ports of the 12-way valve. This thermal management system can achieve the technical effect of improving energy efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of thermal management equipment technology, and more specifically, to a thermal management system and an electric vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, existing electric vehicle thermal management solutions often involve independent or partially coupled power supply units, electric drive cooling systems, battery temperature control systems, heating systems, and air conditioning systems. These systems are characterized by numerous, large components and high energy consumption. Even when these systems are coupled, temperature control remains incomplete and energy consumption is still relatively high. Existing electric vehicle thermal management solutions often use non-heat pump air conditioning systems, or even if they do have heat pump functionality, their energy conversion efficiency is not ideal and they cannot fully utilize the vehicle's waste heat. Energy efficiency needs improvement, and their heat pump systems cannot operate in low-temperature environments, requiring the use of PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heaters for auxiliary heating. This not only results in a relatively complex structure and high manufacturing cost but also low energy efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a thermal management system and an electric vehicle that can achieve the technical effect of improving energy efficiency.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a thermal management system, including a preset compressor mechanism, a solenoid valve assembly, an expansion valve assembly, a preset heat exchanger mechanism, a preset condenser mechanism, an evaporator, a cooler, a twelve-way valve, and a battery component;

[0005] The solenoid valve assembly includes a first solenoid valve and a second solenoid valve, and the expansion valve assembly includes a first electronic expansion valve and a second electronic expansion valve.

[0006] The outlet of the preset compressor mechanism is connected to the inlet of the first solenoid valve and the inlet of the second solenoid valve respectively. The outlet of the first solenoid valve, the preset heat exchanger mechanism, the second electronic expansion valve, the cooler, and the inlet of the preset compressor mechanism are connected in sequence. The outlet of the second solenoid valve, the preset condenser mechanism, the first electronic expansion valve, the evaporator, and the inlet of the preset compressor mechanism are connected in sequence.

[0007] The coolant inlet and outlet of the preset heat exchanger mechanism are respectively connected to the first port group of the twelve-way valve, the coolant inlet and outlet of the preset condenser mechanism are respectively connected to the second port group of the twelve-way valve, and the inlet and outlet of the heat exchange pipeline inside the battery component are respectively connected to the third port group of the twelve-way valve.

[0008] Furthermore, the thermal management system also includes a first check valve, and the outlet of the preset heat exchanger mechanism, the first check valve, and the inlet of the second electronic expansion valve are connected in sequence.

[0009] Furthermore, the thermal management system also includes a second check valve, with the outlet of the preset condenser mechanism, the second check valve, and the inlet of the first electronic expansion valve connected in sequence.

[0010] Furthermore, the thermal management system also includes a radiator, the inlet and outlet of which are respectively connected to the fourth port group of the twelve-way valve.

[0011] Furthermore, the thermal management system also includes a gas-liquid separator, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the evaporator and the outlet of the cooler, respectively, and the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the preset compressor mechanism. The refrigerant of the evaporator and the cooler flows back to the preset compressor mechanism through the gas-liquid separator.

[0012] Furthermore, the expansion valve assembly also includes a third electronic expansion valve, the outlet of the preset compressor mechanism is connected to the inlet of the third electronic expansion valve, and the outlet of the third electronic expansion valve is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator.

[0013] Furthermore, the thermal management system also includes a power supply component and an electric drive component, wherein the power supply component and the electric drive component are connected in series in the fifth port group of the twelve-way valve.

[0014] Furthermore, the thermal management system also includes a motor-driven water pump, and the power supply component, the electric drive component, and the motor-driven water pump are connected in series in the fifth port group of the twelve-way valve.

[0015] Furthermore, the thermal management system also includes a battery water pump, the inlet and outlet of which are respectively connected to the sixth port group of the twelve-way valve.

[0016] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an electric vehicle including a thermal management system as described in any of the first aspects.

[0017] In the above implementation process, the thermal management system, by setting up corresponding solenoid valve components and expansion valve components, can change the refrigerant flow direction and flow rate by switching the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the first electronic expansion valve, and the second electronic expansion valve, thus meeting the cooling and heating needs of the thermal management system (heat pump air conditioner) under various conditions. At the same time, by switching the twelve-way valve to change the coolant flow direction, the system comprehensively regulates the coolant flow direction of the preset heat exchanger mechanism, the preset condenser mechanism, and the internal heat exchange pipeline of the battery component, thereby achieving the coupling of the battery component temperature control system, the heating system, and the air conditioning system. This satisfies the cooling, heating, temperature equalization, or heat preservation requirements of each system, and effectively improves the energy efficiency utilization rate.

[0018] Other features and advantages disclosed in this application will be set forth in the following description, or some features and advantages may be inferred from the description or determined without doubt, or may be learned by practicing the above-described technology disclosed in this application.

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thermal management system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the first operating mode of the thermal management system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the second operating mode of the thermal management system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the third operating mode of the thermal management system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the fourth operating mode of the thermal management system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the fifth operating mode of the thermal management system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the sixth operating mode of the thermal management system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the seventh operating mode of the thermal management system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the eighth operating mode of the thermal management system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the ninth operating mode of the thermal management system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0031] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the tenth operating mode of the thermal management system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the eleventh operating mode of the thermal management system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0033] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the twelfth operating mode of the thermal management system provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0034] Icons: Preset compressor mechanism 1; First solenoid valve 2; Preset heat exchanger mechanism 3; First check valve 4; Second solenoid valve 5; Preset condenser mechanism 6; Second check valve 7; First electronic expansion valve 8; Evaporator 9; Second electronic expansion valve 10; Cooler 11; Gas-liquid separator 12; Third electronic expansion valve 13; Motor water pump 14; Power supply component 15; Electric drive component 16; Twelve-way valve 17; Battery water pump 18; Battery component 19; Radiator 20. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0036] In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," and "longitudinal" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0037] Furthermore, in addition to indicating location or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0038] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or a point connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are primarily used to distinguish different devices, elements, or components (which may be the same or different in specific type and construction), and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, elements, or components. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0040] This application provides a thermal management system and an electric vehicle, which can be applied to the thermal management process of electric vehicles. The thermal management system, by setting corresponding solenoid valve components and expansion valve components, can change the flow direction and flow rate of the refrigerant by switching the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the first electronic expansion valve, and the second electronic expansion valve, thus meeting the cooling and heating needs of the thermal management system (heat pump air conditioner) under various conditions. Simultaneously, by switching the twelve-way valve to change the flow direction of the coolant, it comprehensively regulates the coolant flow direction of the preset heat exchanger mechanism, the preset condenser mechanism, and the internal heat exchange pipelines of the battery component. This enables the coupling of the battery component temperature control system, the heating system, and the air conditioning system, meeting the cooling, heating, temperature equalization, or heat preservation requirements of each system, and effectively improving energy efficiency.

[0041] In some implementations, the thermal management system can be applied to the thermal management process of a heat pump air conditioner, and the components of the heat pump air conditioner are composed of a pre-set compressor mechanism, a solenoid valve assembly, an expansion valve assembly, a pre-set heat exchanger mechanism, a pre-set condenser mechanism, an evaporator, and a cooler.

[0042] Optionally, the preset compressor mechanism can be an electric compressor; the preset heat exchanger mechanism is an outdoor heat exchanger; and the preset condenser mechanism is an indoor condenser.

[0043] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 The present application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a thermal management system, which includes a preset compressor mechanism 1, a solenoid valve assembly, an expansion valve assembly, a preset heat exchanger mechanism 3, a preset condenser mechanism 6, an evaporator 9, a cooler 11, a twelve-way valve 17, and a battery component 19.

[0044] For example, the solenoid valve assembly includes a first solenoid valve 2 and a second solenoid valve 5, and the expansion valve assembly includes a first electronic expansion valve 8 and a second electronic expansion valve 10.

[0045] For example, the outlet of the preset compressor mechanism 1 is connected to the inlet of the first solenoid valve 2 and the inlet of the second solenoid valve 5 respectively. The outlet of the first solenoid valve 2, the preset heat exchanger mechanism 3, the second electronic expansion valve 10, the cooler 11, and the inlet of the preset compressor mechanism 1 are connected in sequence. The outlet of the second solenoid valve 5, the preset condenser mechanism 6, the first electronic expansion valve 8, the evaporator 9, and the inlet of the preset compressor mechanism 1 are connected in sequence.

[0046] For example, the coolant inlet and outlet of the preset heat exchanger mechanism 3 are respectively connected to the first port group of the twelve-way valve 17, the coolant inlet and outlet of the preset condenser mechanism 6 are respectively connected to the second port group of the twelve-way valve 17, and the inlet and outlet of the heat exchange pipeline inside the battery component 19 are respectively connected to the third port group of the twelve-way valve 17.

[0047] For example, the thermal management system also includes a first check valve 4, with the outlet of the preset heat exchanger mechanism 3, the first check valve 4, and the inlet of the second electronic expansion valve 10 connected in sequence.

[0048] For example, the thermal management system also includes a second check valve 7, with the outlet of the preset condenser mechanism 6, the second check valve 7, and the inlet of the first electronic expansion valve 8 connected in sequence.

[0049] For example, the thermal management system also includes a radiator 20, the inlet and outlet of which are respectively connected to the fourth port group of the twelve-way valve 17.

[0050] For example, the thermal management system further includes a gas-liquid separator 12, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the evaporator 9 and the outlet of the cooler 11, respectively, and the outlet of the gas-liquid separator 12 is connected to the inlet of the preset compressor mechanism 1. The refrigerant of the evaporator 9 and the cooler 11 flows back to the preset compressor mechanism 1 through the gas-liquid separator 12.

[0051] For example, the expansion valve assembly also includes a third electronic expansion valve 13, with the outlet of the preset compressor mechanism 1 connected to the inlet of the third electronic expansion valve 13, and the outlet of the third electronic expansion valve 13 connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 12.

[0052] For example, the thermal management system also includes a power supply component 15 and an electric drive component 16, which are connected in series in the fifth port group of the twelve-way valve 17.

[0053] For example, the thermal management system also includes a motor-driven water pump 14, a power supply component 15, an electric drive component 16, and the motor-driven water pump 14 connected in series in the fifth port group of the twelve-way valve 17.

[0054] For example, the thermal management system also includes a battery water pump 18, the inlet and outlet of which are respectively connected to the sixth port group of the twelve-way valve 17.

[0055] In some embodiments, this application provides an electric vehicle, including... Figure 1 The thermal management system shown.

[0056] For example, by setting up corresponding solenoid valve assemblies and expansion valve assemblies, the thermal management system can change the refrigerant flow direction and flow rate by switching the first solenoid valve 2, the second solenoid valve 5, the first electronic expansion valve 8 and the second electronic expansion valve 10, thereby meeting the cooling and heating needs of the thermal management system (heat pump air conditioner) under various conditions. At the same time, by switching the twelve-way valve 17 to change the coolant flow direction, the system can comprehensively adjust the coolant flow direction of the preset heat exchanger mechanism 3, the preset condenser mechanism 6, the internal heat exchange pipeline of the battery component 19, the power supply component 15 and the electric drive component 16, thereby achieving the coupling of the battery component 19 temperature control system, the heating system and the air conditioning system, meeting the cooling, heating, temperature equalization or heat preservation requirements of each system, and achieving the technical effect of effectively improving energy efficiency.

[0057] Optionally, the thermal management system can also utilize the waste heat of the power supply component 15 and the electric drive component 16 as a heating source for the battery component 19 or as a low-temperature heat source when the air conditioner is heating, further improving the overall vehicle energy efficiency.

[0058] In some implementation scenarios, such as Figure 1As shown, the outlet of the preset compressor mechanism 1 is connected to the inlet of the first solenoid valve 2, the inlet of the second solenoid valve 5, and the inlet of the third electronic expansion valve 13. The outlet of the solenoid valve 2 is connected to the inlet of the preset heat exchanger mechanism 3. The outlet of the preset heat exchanger mechanism 3 is connected to the inlet of the first one-way valve 4. The outlet of the first one-way valve 4 is connected to the outlet of the second one-way valve 7, the inlet of the first electronic expansion valve 8, and the inlet of the second electronic expansion valve 10. The outlet of the second solenoid valve 5 is connected to the inlet of the preset condenser mechanism 6. The outlet of the preset condenser mechanism 6 is connected to the inlet of the second one-way valve 7. The outlet of the first electronic expansion valve 8 is connected to the inlet of the evaporator 9. The outlet of the evaporator 9 is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the cooler 11 and one inlet of the gas-liquid separator 12. The outlet of the second electronic expansion valve 10 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the cooler 11. The outlet of the gas-liquid separator 12 is connected to the inlet of the preset compressor mechanism 1. The outlet of the third electronic expansion valve 13 is connected to one inlet of the gas-liquid separator 12.

[0059] The connection method of the twelve-way valve 17 is as follows:

[0060] The coolant inlet of the preset heat exchanger mechanism 3 is connected to one port of the twelve-way valve 17, and the coolant outlet of the preset heat exchanger mechanism 3 is connected to one port of the twelve-way valve 17.

[0061] The coolant inlet of the cooler 11 is connected to one port of the twelve-way valve 17, and the coolant outlet of the cooler 11 is connected to one port of the twelve-way valve 17.

[0062] The inlet of the motor-driven water pump 14 is connected to one port of the twelve-way valve 17, the outlet of the motor-driven water pump 14 is connected to the inlet of the power supply component 15, the outlet of the power supply component 15 is connected to the inlet of the electric drive component 16, and the outlet of the electric drive component 16 is connected to one port of the twelve-way valve 17.

[0063] The inlet of the battery water pump 18 is connected to one port of the twelve-way valve 17, and the outlet of the battery water pump 18 is connected to one port of the twelve-way valve 17.

[0064] The inlet of the heat exchange pipeline inside the battery component 19 is connected to one port of the twelve-way valve 17, and the outlet of the heat exchange pipeline inside the battery component 19 is connected to one port of the twelve-way valve 17.

[0065] The inlet of the radiator 20 is connected to one port of the twelve-way valve 17, and the outlet of the radiator 20 is connected to one port of the twelve-way valve 17.

[0066] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the first operating mode of the thermal management system provided in the embodiments of this application; wherein, the first operating mode is the system air conditioning refrigeration mode for the passenger compartment, and the cooling mode for the power supply components, electric drive components, and battery components;

[0067] like Figure 2 As shown, under high-temperature conditions, when there is a cooling requirement in the vehicle's passenger compartment and a cooling request for the battery components, the preset compressor mechanism 1 is activated. The refrigerant flows through the first solenoid valve 2, the preset heat exchanger mechanism 3 (heat exchange), and the first one-way valve 4. At this time, the refrigerant splits into two paths. The first path passes through the first electronic expansion valve 8 (operating), the evaporator 9 (heat exchange), and the gas-liquid separator 12 before returning to the preset compressor mechanism 1, where it cools the passenger compartment through the evaporator 9. The second path passes through the second electronic expansion valve 10 (operating), the cooler 11 (heat exchange), and the gas-liquid separator 12 before returning to the preset compressor mechanism 1, where it cools the battery components 19 through the cooler 11, forming another heat exchange cycle. When the power supply and electric drive components require cooling, the motor water pump 14 operates. Coolant flows sequentially through the power supply component 15, electric drive component 16, 12-way valve 17, radiator 20 (heat exchange), 12-way valve 17, and back to the motor water pump 14. The heat from the power supply component 15 and electric drive component 16 is carried by the coolant to the radiator 20 for heat exchange with the outside air, achieving cooling. When the battery component 19's temperature exceeds a set value, the battery water pump 18 operates. Coolant flows sequentially through the 12-way valve 17, cooler 11 (heat exchange), 12-way valve 17, battery component 19, 12-way valve 17, and back to the battery water pump 18. The heat from the battery component 19 is carried away by the cooler 11, achieving cooling.

[0068] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second operating mode of the thermal management system provided in the embodiments of this application; wherein, the second operating mode is a system air conditioning cabin cooling mode, power supply component and electric drive component cooling mode, and battery component temperature equalization mode;

[0069] like Figure 3As shown, under high-temperature conditions, when the vehicle's passenger compartment requires cooling, the preset compressor mechanism 1 starts. Refrigerant flows through the first solenoid valve 2, the preset heat exchanger mechanism 3 (heat exchange), the first one-way valve 4, the first electronic expansion valve 8 (operation), the evaporator 9 (heat exchange), and the gas-liquid separator 12, returning to the preset compressor mechanism 1. Cooling of the passenger compartment is achieved through the evaporator 9. When the power supply component and electric drive component require cooling, the motor water pump 14 operates. Coolant flows sequentially through the power supply component 15, the electric drive component 16, the twelve-way valve 17, the radiator 20 (heat exchange), the twelve-way valve 17, and returns to the motor water pump 14. The heat from the power supply component 15 and the electric drive component 16 is carried by the coolant to the radiator 20 for heat exchange with the outside air, achieving the purpose of cooling. When the battery component 19 requires temperature equalization, the battery water pump 18 operates, and the coolant flows sequentially through the twelve-way valve 17, the cooler 11 (without heat exchange), the twelve-way valve 17, the battery component 19, the twelve-way valve 17, and back to the battery water pump 18, so that the battery component 19 can achieve the purpose of equalizing the internal temperature.

[0070] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the third operating mode of the thermal management system provided in the embodiments of this application; wherein, the third operating mode is a mode in which the air conditioning of the passenger compartment is not cooled, and the power supply components, electric drive components, and battery components are cooled;

[0071] like Figure 4 As shown, under high temperature or normal temperature conditions, when there is no need for cooling in the vehicle passenger compartment and a cooling request for the battery components, the preset compressor mechanism 1 is started. The refrigerant flows through the first solenoid valve 2, the preset heat exchanger mechanism 3 (heat exchange), the first one-way valve 4, the second electronic expansion valve 10 (working), the cooler 11 (heat exchange), the gas-liquid separator 12, and returns to the preset compressor mechanism 1. The battery components 19 are cooled down through the cooler 11. When the power supply component and electric drive component require cooling, the motor water pump 14 operates. The coolant flows sequentially through the power supply component 15, electric drive component 16, 12-way valve 17, radiator 20 (heat exchange), 12-way valve 17, and back to the motor water pump 14. The heat from the power supply component 15 and electric drive component 16 is carried by the coolant to the radiator 20 to exchange heat with the outside air, achieving the purpose of cooling. When the temperature of the battery component 19 is higher than the set value, the battery water pump 18 operates. The coolant flows sequentially through the 12-way valve 17, cooler 11 (heat exchange), 12-way valve 17, battery component 19, 12-way valve 17, and back to the battery water pump 18. The heat from the battery component 19 is carried away by the cooler 11, achieving the purpose of cooling.

[0072] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth operating mode of the thermal management system provided in the embodiments of this application; wherein, the fourth operating mode is a mode in which the system air conditioner is not working, the power supply components and electric drive components are cooled, and the battery components are evenly heated.

[0073] like Figure 5 As shown, under high or normal temperature conditions, the air conditioning does not operate when there is no need for cooling in the vehicle's passenger compartment. When the power supply component and electric drive component require cooling, the motor water pump 14 operates. The coolant flows sequentially through the power supply component 15, electric drive component 16, 12-way valve 17, radiator 20 (heat exchange), 12-way valve 17, and back to the motor water pump 14. The heat from the power supply component 15 and electric drive component 16 is carried by the coolant to the radiator 20 for heat exchange with the outside air, achieving the purpose of cooling. When the battery component 19 requires temperature equalization, the battery water pump 18 operates. The coolant flows sequentially through the 12-way valve 17, cooler 11 (no heat exchange), 12-way valve 17, battery component 19, 12-way valve 17, and back to the battery water pump 18, achieving the purpose of equalizing the internal temperature of the battery component 19.

[0074] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fifth operating mode of the thermal management system provided in the embodiments of this application; wherein, the fifth operating mode is a system air conditioning refrigeration mode for the passenger compartment, and a shared radiator cooling mode for the power supply components, electric drive components, and battery components;

[0075] like Figure 6 As shown, under normal temperature conditions, when the vehicle's passenger compartment requires cooling, the preset compressor mechanism 1 starts. The refrigerant flows through the first solenoid valve 2, the preset heat exchanger mechanism 3 (heat exchange), the first one-way valve 4, the first electronic expansion valve 8 (operation), the evaporator 9 (heat exchange), and the gas-liquid separator 12, returning to the preset compressor mechanism 1. The passenger compartment is cooled through the evaporator 9. At this time, the power supply component, electric drive component, and battery component can share the radiator for cooling. The motor water pump 14 and battery water pump 18 operate, and the coolant flows sequentially through the power supply component 15, electric drive component 16, twelve-way valve 17, radiator 20 (heat exchange), twelve-way valve 17, battery water pump 18, twelve-way valve 17, battery component 19, twelve-way valve 17, preset heat exchanger mechanism 3 (heat exchange), twelve-way valve 17, cooler 11 (no heat exchange), twelve-way valve 17, and returns to the motor water pump 14 to form a heat dissipation cycle.

[0076] Please see Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sixth operating mode of the thermal management system provided in the embodiments of this application; wherein, the sixth operating mode is a mode in which the system air conditioner is not working and the power supply component, electric drive component, and battery component share the radiator cooling mode;

[0077] like Figure 7As shown, under normal temperature conditions, when there is no need for cooling in the vehicle's passenger compartment, the air conditioner does not work. At this time, the power supply component, electric drive component, and battery component can share the radiator for cooling. The motor water pump 14 and battery water pump 18 are working, and the coolant flows sequentially through the power supply component 15, electric drive component 16, 12-way valve 17, radiator 20 (heat exchange), 12-way valve 17, battery water pump 18, 12-way valve 17, battery component 19, 12-way valve 17, preset heat exchanger mechanism 3 (no heat exchange), 12-way valve 17, cooler 11 (no heat exchange), 12-way valve 17, and returns to the motor water pump 14 to form a heat dissipation cycle.

[0078] Please see Figure 8 , Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the seventh operating mode of the thermal management system provided in the embodiments of this application; wherein, the seventh operating mode is the system air conditioning heat pump heating mode, and the waste heat of the power supply component and electric drive component heats the battery component.

[0079] like Figure 8 As shown, under low or cold environmental conditions, when the vehicle's passenger compartment requires heating and the battery component temperature is not higher than the set value, the preset compressor mechanism 1 starts. The refrigerant flows through the second solenoid valve 5, the preset condenser mechanism 6 (heat exchange), the second one-way valve 7, the second electronic expansion valve 10 (operation), the cooler 11 (heat exchange), the gas-liquid separator 12, and returns to the preset compressor mechanism 1, forming a heat pump heating cycle. At this time, the battery water pump 18 operates, and the coolant flows sequentially through the twelve-way valve 17, the cooler 11 (heat exchange), the twelve-way valve 17, the radiator 20 (heat exchange), the twelve-way valve 17, and returns to the battery water pump 18, forming a cycle to provide a heat source for the heat pump. When the battery component requires heating and insulation, the motor water pump 14 operates, and the coolant flows sequentially through the power supply component 15, the electric drive component 16, the twelve-way valve 17, the battery component 19, and returns to the motor water pump 14. The heat from the power supply component 15 and the electric drive component 16 heats and insulates the battery component 19.

[0080] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the eighth operating mode of the thermal management system provided in the embodiments of this application; wherein, the eighth operating mode is the system air conditioning heat pump heating mode and the battery component cooling mode;

[0081] like Figure 9As shown, under low or cold environmental conditions, when the vehicle's passenger compartment requires heating and the battery component temperature is higher than the set value (including during low-temperature fast charging), the preset compressor mechanism 1 starts. The refrigerant flows through the second solenoid valve 5, the preset condenser mechanism 6 (heat exchange), the second one-way valve 7, the second electronic expansion valve 10 (operating), the cooler 11 (heat exchange), the gas-liquid separator 12, and returns to the preset compressor mechanism 1, forming a heat pump heating cycle. At this time, the battery water pump 18 works, and the coolant flows sequentially through the twelve-way valve 17, the cooler 11 (heat exchange), the twelve-way valve 17, the battery component 19, the twelve-way valve 17, and returns to the battery water pump 18, forming a cycle to provide a heat source for the heat pump. At the same time, the heat of the battery component 19 is carried away by the cooler 11 to achieve the purpose of cooling. When the power supply component and the electric drive component require cooling, the motor water pump 14 operates. The coolant flows sequentially through the power supply component 15, the electric drive component 16, the twelve-way valve 17, the radiator 20 (heat exchange), and returns to the motor water pump 14 through the twelve-way valve 17. The heat from the power supply component 15 and the electric drive component 16 is carried by the coolant to the radiator 20 to exchange heat with the outside air, thus achieving the purpose of cooling down.

[0082] Please see Figure 10 , Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the ninth operating mode of the thermal management system provided in the embodiments of this application; wherein, the ninth operating mode is a mode in which the system air conditioning heat pump heats the passenger compartment and battery components simultaneously;

[0083] like Figure 10 As shown, under low or cold environmental conditions, when the vehicle's passenger compartment requires heating and the battery also needs heating, the preset compressor mechanism 1 starts. At this time, the refrigerant is split into two paths: the first path flows through the first solenoid valve 2, the preset heat exchanger mechanism 3 (heat exchange), and the first one-way valve 4; the second path flows through the second solenoid valve 5, the preset condenser mechanism 6 (heat exchange), and the second one-way valve 7. After the two refrigerant paths merge, they flow through the second electronic expansion valve 10 (operating), the cooler 11 (heat exchange), and the gas-liquid separator 12 back to the preset compressor mechanism 1, forming a heat pump heating cycle. At this time, the battery water pump 18 operates, and the coolant flows sequentially through the twelve-way valve 17, the cooler 11 (heat exchange), the radiator 20 (heat exchange), and back to the battery water pump 18, forming a cycle to provide a heat source for the heat pump. At the same time, the motor water pump 14 works, and the coolant flows sequentially through the power supply component 15, the electric drive component 16, the twelve-way valve 17, the battery component 19, the twelve-way valve 17, the preset heat exchanger mechanism 3 (heat exchange), the twelve-way valve 17, and returns to the motor water pump 14 to form a cycle, which heats the battery component 19.

[0084] Please see Figure 11 , Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the tenth operating mode of the thermal management system provided in the embodiments of this application; wherein, the tenth operating mode is the system air conditioning heat pump heating battery component mode;

[0085] like Figure 11 As shown, under low or cold environmental conditions, when the vehicle's passenger compartment has no heating requirement but the battery needs heating, the preset compressor mechanism 1 starts, and the refrigerant flows through the first solenoid valve 2, the preset heat exchanger mechanism 3 (heat exchange), the first one-way valve 4, the second electronic expansion valve 10 (operation), the cooler 11 (heat exchange), and the gas-liquid separator 12 back to the preset compressor mechanism 1, forming a heat pump heating cycle; at this time, the motor water pump 14 works, and the coolant flows sequentially through the power supply component 15, the electric drive component 16, the twelve-way valve 17, the cooler 11 (heat exchange), the twelve-way valve 17, the radiator 20 (heat exchange), the twelve-way valve 17, and back to the motor water pump 14 to form a cycle to provide a heat source for the heat pump; at the same time, the battery water pump 18 works, and the coolant flows sequentially through the twelve-way valve 17, the battery component 19, the twelve-way valve 17, the preset heat exchanger mechanism 3 (heat exchange), the twelve-way valve 17, and back to the battery water pump 18 to form a cycle to heat the battery component 19.

[0086] Please see Figure 12 , Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the eleventh operating mode of the thermal management system provided in the embodiments of this application; wherein, the eleventh operating mode is the air conditioner generating its own heat and the battery components uniformly oscillating mode;

[0087] like Figure 12 As shown, under low or even lower temperature conditions, when the vehicle's passenger compartment requires heating and the battery component temperature is not lower than the set value, the preset compressor mechanism 1 starts. At this time, the refrigerant is split into two paths. The first path flows through the third electronic expansion valve 13 (operating), the gas-liquid separator 12, and returns to the preset compressor mechanism 1, which serves to replenish gas and increase enthalpy. The second path flows through the second solenoid valve 5, the preset condenser mechanism 6 (heat exchange), the second one-way valve 7, the first electronic expansion valve 8 (operating), the evaporator 9 (heat exchange), the gas-liquid separator 12, and returns to the preset compressor mechanism 1, forming a heat pump heating cycle. When the battery component requires temperature uniformity and insulation, the motor water pump 14 operates. The coolant flows sequentially through the power supply component 15, the electric drive component 16, the twelve-way valve 17, the battery component 19, the twelve-way valve 17, the preset heat exchanger mechanism 3 (no heat exchange), and the twelve-way valve 17 back to the motor water pump 14, so that the battery component 19 achieves the purpose of temperature uniformity and insulation.

[0088] Please see Figure 13 , Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the twelfth operating mode of the thermal management system provided in the embodiments of this application; wherein, the twelfth operating mode is a mode in which the air conditioner generates its own heat to heat the passenger compartment and battery components simultaneously;

[0089] like Figure 13As shown, under low or lower temperature conditions, when the vehicle's passenger compartment requires heating and the battery component temperature is lower than the set value, the preset compressor mechanism 1 starts. At this time, the refrigerant is split into three paths. The first path flows through the third electronic expansion valve 13 (working), the gas-liquid separator 12, and returns to the preset compressor mechanism 1, which plays the role of replenishing gas and increasing enthalpy. The second path flows through the first solenoid valve 2, the preset heat exchanger mechanism 3 (heat exchange), and the first one-way valve 4. The third path flows through the second solenoid valve 5, the preset condenser mechanism 6 (heat exchange), and the second one-way valve 7. After the second and third refrigerant paths are combined, they flow through the first electronic expansion valve 8 (working), the evaporator 9 (heat exchange), the gas-liquid separator 12, and return to the preset compressor mechanism 1, forming a heat pump heating cycle. When the battery component requires heating, the motor water pump 14 operates, and the coolant flows sequentially through the power supply component 15, the electric drive component 16, the twelve-way valve 17, the battery component 19, the preset heat exchanger mechanism 3 (heat exchange), and the twelve-way valve 17 back to the motor water pump 14 to heat the battery component 19.

[0090] For example, combined Figures 1 to 13 The thermal management system provided in this application is a novel thermal management system for electric vehicles. Through a parallel design of an air-cooled pre-set condenser mechanism and a liquid-cooled pre-set heat exchanger mechanism, it allows for flexible switching between heat pump air conditioning for cooling and heating, achieving a simplified high-efficiency system structure. Through a self-developed thermal function design, it can provide sufficient heating capacity in low-temperature environments where existing heat pump systems have limited heating capacity, meeting the thermal energy needs of the passenger compartment, replacing and eliminating the PTC heater, and significantly reducing manufacturing costs. With the switching connection of a twelve-way valve, it can achieve perfect coupling of the power supply components, electric drive component cooling system, battery component temperature control system, and heat pump air conditioning system, meeting the cooling, heating, insulation, or temperature equalization needs of each system. Under various vehicle operating conditions, all thermally managed objects are in suitable working conditions, meeting their usage requirements, improving reliability and value. It can also utilize waste heat from the power supply components and electric drive components as a heating source for the battery components or as a low-temperature heat source for air conditioning heating, improving the overall vehicle energy efficiency and increasing the electric vehicle's driving range. The thermal management system provided in this application features an ingenious technical design, comprehensive functions, high cost-effectiveness, and low manufacturing cost.

[0091] In all embodiments of this application, "large" and "small" are relative terms, "more" and "less" are relative terms, and "upper" and "lower" are relative terms. The embodiments of this application will not elaborate further on the expression of such relative terms.

[0092] It should be understood that the phrases "in this embodiment," "in this application embodiment," or "as an optional implementation" throughout the specification mean that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, the phrases "in this embodiment," "in this application embodiment," or "as an optional implementation" appearing throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are all optional embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this application.

[0093] In the various embodiments of this application, it should be understood that the sequence number of each process does not necessarily imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0094] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A thermal management system, characterized in that, It includes a preset compressor mechanism, a solenoid valve assembly, an expansion valve assembly, a preset heat exchanger mechanism, a preset condenser mechanism, an evaporator, a cooler, a twelve-way valve, a battery component, a gas-liquid separator, and a third electronic expansion valve; The solenoid valve assembly includes a first solenoid valve and a second solenoid valve, and the expansion valve assembly includes a first electronic expansion valve and a second electronic expansion valve. The outlet of the preset compressor mechanism is connected to the inlet of the first solenoid valve and the inlet of the second solenoid valve respectively. The outlet of the first solenoid valve, the preset heat exchanger mechanism, the second electronic expansion valve, the cooler, and the inlet of the preset compressor mechanism are connected in sequence. The outlet of the second solenoid valve, the preset condenser mechanism, the first electronic expansion valve, the evaporator, and the inlet of the preset compressor mechanism are connected in sequence. The coolant inlet and outlet of the preset heat exchanger mechanism are respectively connected to the first port group of the twelve-way valve, the coolant inlet and outlet of the cooler are respectively connected to the second port group of the twelve-way valve, and the inlet and outlet of the internal heat exchange pipeline of the battery component are respectively connected to the third port group of the twelve-way valve. The inlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the outlet of the evaporator and the outlet of the cooler, respectively. The outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the preset compressor mechanism. The refrigerant of the evaporator and the cooler flows back to the preset compressor mechanism through the gas-liquid separator. The outlet of the preset compressor mechanism is connected to the inlet of the third electronic expansion valve, and the outlet of the third electronic expansion valve is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator. The thermal management system further includes a first check valve, and the outlet of the preset heat exchanger mechanism, the first check valve, and the inlet of the second electronic expansion valve are connected in sequence. The thermal management system also includes a second check valve, and the outlet of the preset condenser mechanism, the second check valve, and the inlet of the first electronic expansion valve are connected in sequence.

2. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal management system also includes a radiator, the inlet and outlet of which are respectively connected to the fourth port group of the twelve-way valve.

3. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal management system further includes a power supply component and an electric drive component, wherein the power supply component and the electric drive component are connected in series in the fifth port group of the twelve-way valve.

4. The thermal management system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The thermal management system also includes a motor-driven water pump, and the power supply component, the electric drive component, and the motor-driven water pump are connected in series in the fifth port group of the twelve-way valve.

5. The thermal management system according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The thermal management system also includes a battery water pump, the inlet and outlet of which are respectively connected to the sixth port group of the twelve-way valve.

6. An electric vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the thermal management system as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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