Atmospheric aerosol type identification method, device and equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of atmospheric environment detection, and discloses an atmospheric aerosol type identification method, device, equipment and storage medium, the method comprising the following steps: determining the depolarization ratio and aerosol extinction coefficient of an atmospheric area to be identified according to a laser radar signal and a relative humidity profile of the atmospheric area to be identified; identifying the cloud type of the atmospheric area to be identified according to the laser radar signal and the relative humidity profile; and identifying the atmospheric aerosol type in the atmospheric area to be identified based on the cloud type, the depolarization ratio and the aerosol extinction coefficient. Since the application obtains signals by means of a laser radar, combines a relative humidity profile, calculates relevant values, identifies the cloud in the area first, further distinguishes different aerosol types in combination with the relevant values, gives a numerical determination standard to synchronously identify multiple different aerosol types containing clouds, fogs and other particulate types in the atmosphere, and the accuracy of aerosol type identification is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of atmospheric environment detection technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, device and storage medium for identifying atmospheric aerosol types. Background Technology

[0002] Different atmospheric aerosol particles play a crucial role in influencing the Earth's climate system through direct effects such as absorbing and scattering solar radiation. The shape, size distribution, and chemical composition of aerosols lead to variations in their optical properties, and consequently, their impact on climate. Accurate identification of aerosol types helps determine aerosol emission sources, deepens understanding of long-range aerosol transport processes, and thus provides scientific references for the implementation of control policies. Therefore, the identification of aerosol types is of great significance in atmospheric, environmental, and remote sensing sciences.

[0003] Currently, researchers have established many aerosol classification schemes using different aerosol optical parameters. However, these aerosol classification schemes require a lot of tedious calculations and are difficult to accurately distinguish between the various types of aerosols present in the atmosphere.

[0004] The above content is only used to help understand the technical solution of the present invention and does not represent an admission that the above content is related technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for identifying atmospheric aerosol types, aiming to solve the technical problem in the prior art that it is difficult to quickly and accurately distinguish between various types of aerosols in the atmosphere.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for identifying atmospheric aerosol types, the method comprising the following steps:

[0007] The depolarization ratio and aerosol extinction coefficient of the atmospheric region to be identified are determined based on the lidar signal and relative humidity profile of the atmospheric region to be identified.

[0008] The cloud type of the atmospheric region to be identified is determined based on the lidar signal and the relative humidity profile.

[0009] The atmospheric aerosol type in the atmospheric region to be identified is determined based on the cloud type, the depolarization ratio, and the aerosol extinction coefficient.

[0010] Optionally, identifying the atmospheric aerosol type in the atmospheric region to be identified based on the cloud type, the depolarization ratio, and the aerosol extinction coefficient includes:

[0011] When the cloud type is cloudless, the fog type of the atmospheric region to be identified is determined based on the aerosol extinction coefficient.

[0012] The type of atmospheric aerosol in the atmospheric region to be identified is determined based on the fog type and the deflection ratio.

[0013] Optionally, the depolarization ratio is a particulate matter depolarization ratio, and the step of identifying the atmospheric aerosol type in the atmospheric region to be identified based on the fog type and the depolarization ratio includes:

[0014] When the fog type is fog-free, the particulate matter deflection ratio is compared with a preset first particulate matter standard value;

[0015] When the deflection ratio of the atmospheric region is greater than the preset first particulate matter standard value, the atmospheric aerosol type in the atmospheric region to be identified is determined to be sand and dust aerosol.

[0016] Optionally, after the step of comparing the particulate matter deflection ratio with a preset first particulate matter standard value when the fog type is a fog-free type, the method further includes:

[0017] When the particulate matter deflection ratio is less than or equal to the preset first particulate matter standard value, the particulate matter deflection ratio is compared with the preset second particulate matter standard value;

[0018] When the particulate matter deflection ratio is greater than the preset second particulate matter standard value, the atmospheric aerosol type in the atmospheric region to be identified is determined to be a mixed aerosol.

[0019] When the particulate matter deflection ratio is less than or equal to the preset second particulate matter standard value, the atmospheric aerosol type in the atmospheric region to be identified is determined to be anthropogenic aerosol.

[0020] Optionally, after the step of identifying the type of atmospheric aerosol in the atmospheric region to be identified based on the fog type and the deflection ratio, the method further includes:

[0021] When the atmospheric aerosol type is determined to be particulate matter, the mass concentration profile of the particulate matter aerosol in the atmospheric region is inverted based on the aerosol extinction coefficient of the atmospheric region to be identified.

[0022] Optionally, when the cloud type is cloudless, identifying the fog type of the atmospheric region to be identified based on the aerosol extinction coefficient includes:

[0023] When the cloud type is cloudless, determine whether the atmospheric region is foggy based on the relative humidity profile;

[0024] When the atmospheric region is foggy, the aerosol extinction coefficient is compared with a preset first fog concentration standard value;

[0025] When the aerosol extinction coefficient is greater than the preset first fog concentration standard value, the fog type of the atmospheric area to be identified is determined to be dense fog.

[0026] When the aerosol extinction coefficient is less than or equal to the preset first fog concentration standard value, the fog type of the atmospheric area to be identified is determined to be a light fog type.

[0027] Optionally, the depolarization ratio is the atmospheric depolarization ratio, and after the step of identifying the cloud type of the atmospheric region to be identified based on the lidar signal and the relative humidity profile, the method further includes:

[0028] When the cloud type is cloudy, the atmospheric deflection ratio is compared with a preset atmospheric standard value;

[0029] When the atmospheric debias ratio is greater than a preset atmospheric standard value, the cloud type of the atmospheric region to be identified is determined to be an ice cloud type.

[0030] When the atmospheric debias ratio is less than or equal to a preset atmospheric standard value, the cloud type of the atmospheric region to be identified is determined to be a water cloud type.

[0031] Furthermore, to achieve the above objectives, the present invention also proposes an atmospheric aerosol type identification device, the device comprising:

[0032] The depolarization ratio determination module is used to determine the depolarization ratio and aerosol extinction coefficient of the atmospheric region to be identified based on the lidar signal and relative humidity profile of the atmospheric region to be identified.

[0033] A cloud type identification module is used to identify the cloud type of the atmospheric region to be identified based on the lidar signal and the relative humidity profile.

[0034] An aerosol identification module is used to identify the type of atmospheric aerosol in the atmospheric region to be identified based on the cloud type, the deflection ratio, and the aerosol extinction coefficient.

[0035] Furthermore, to achieve the above objectives, the present invention also proposes an atmospheric aerosol type identification device, the device comprising: a memory, a processor, and an atmospheric aerosol type identification program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the atmospheric aerosol type identification program being configured to implement the steps of the atmospheric aerosol type identification method as described above.

[0036] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides a storage medium storing an atmospheric aerosol type identification program, wherein when the atmospheric aerosol type identification program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the atmospheric aerosol type identification method as described above.

[0037] This invention first determines the depolarization ratio and aerosol extinction coefficient of the atmospheric region to be identified based on the lidar signal and relative humidity profile of the region. Then, it identifies the cloud type of the region based on the lidar signal and relative humidity profile. Finally, it identifies the atmospheric aerosol type based on the cloud type, the depolarization ratio, and the aerosol extinction coefficient. Because this invention acquires signals via lidar and combines them with the atmospheric relative humidity profile of the region to calculate relevant data values ​​for distinguishing aerosol types, it first identifies the clouds in the region and then further distinguishes different aerosol types in the atmospheric region based on the calculated relevant data values. This allows for the simultaneous identification of multiple different aerosol types in the atmosphere, including clouds, fog, and other particulate matter, and provides numerical judgment criteria, thus improving the accuracy of aerosol type identification. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the atmospheric aerosol type identification method and device for the hardware operating environment involved in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of the atmospheric aerosol type identification method of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the second embodiment of the atmospheric aerosol type identification method of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the third embodiment of the atmospheric aerosol type identification method of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of the first embodiment of the atmospheric aerosol type identification device of the present invention.

[0043] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0044] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0045] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an atmospheric aerosol type identification device for the hardware operating environment involved in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] like Figure 1As shown, the atmospheric aerosol type identification device may include: a processor 1001, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a communication bus 1002, a user interface 1003, a network interface 1004, and a memory 1005. The communication bus 1002 is used to enable communication between these components. The user interface 1003 may include a display screen or an input unit such as a keyboard; optionally, the user interface 1003 may also include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface. The network interface 1004 may optionally include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface (such as a Wireless-Fidelity (Wi-Fi) interface). The memory 1005 may be high-speed random access memory (RAM) or stable non-volatile memory (NVM), such as a disk storage device. Optionally, the memory 1005 may also be a storage device independent of the aforementioned processor 1001.

[0047] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 1 The structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the atmospheric aerosol type identification device and may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the memory 1005, which serves as a storage medium, may include an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and an atmospheric aerosol type identification program.

[0049] exist Figure 1 In the atmospheric aerosol type identification device shown, the network interface 1004 is mainly used for data communication with the network server; the user interface 1003 is mainly used for data interaction with the user; the processor 1001 and the memory 1005 in the atmospheric aerosol type identification device of the present invention can be set in the atmospheric aerosol type identification device, and the atmospheric aerosol type identification device calls the atmospheric aerosol type identification program stored in the memory 1005 through the processor 1001 and executes the atmospheric aerosol type identification method provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] This invention provides a method for identifying atmospheric aerosol types, referring to... Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of the atmospheric aerosol type identification method of the present invention.

[0051] In this embodiment, the atmospheric aerosol type identification method includes the following steps:

[0052] Step S10: Determine the depolarization ratio and aerosol extinction coefficient of the atmospheric region to be identified based on the lidar signal and relative humidity profile of the atmospheric region to be identified.

[0053] It should be noted that the executing entity of the method in this embodiment can be a computer service device with data processing, network communication, and program execution functions, such as a mobile phone, tablet computer, smart bracelet, personal computer, etc., or other electronic devices capable of achieving the same or similar functions. This embodiment does not limit this. The following uses an atmospheric aerosol type identification device (hereinafter referred to as an aerosol identification device) as an example to describe various embodiments of the atmospheric aerosol type identification method of the present invention.

[0054] It should be noted that the lidar can be polarized lidar. Data acquired by polarized lidar can be used to calculate atmospheric extinction coefficient, atmospheric depolarization ratio, and other relevant atmospheric data for the region, in order to further distinguish different aerosol types within the area. The temporal and spatial resolution of polarized lidar can meet the requirements for high spatiotemporal resolution detection of aerosol types, and can further retrieve the profile data of that type of aerosol after its type has been determined.

[0055] Understandably, polarization lidar data inversion requires meteorological parameters (temperature, humidity, pressure) with high spatiotemporal resolution. The meteorological parameter profile limits the inversion accuracy of lidar data, and high spatiotemporal resolution meteorological parameters are an important basis for identifying clouds and fog in the atmosphere.

[0056] It should be noted that the relative humidity profile is a meteorological parameter with high spatiotemporal resolution. The relative humidity profile of the atmospheric region to be identified can be obtained using a microwave radiometer. A microwave radiometer is a highly sensitive receiving device that uses the passive reception of microwave signals of temperature radiation transmitted from various altitudes to determine temperature and humidity curves. It can quantitatively measure the low-level microwave radiation of targets (such as ground features and atmospheric components). In this embodiment, a microwave radiometer is used in conjunction with polarized laser observation, which can take into account factors such as atmospheric temperature, pressure, and relative humidity, making the calculated parameters of the atmospheric region to be identified more accurate.

[0057] It should be understood that the depolarization ratio, or depolarization ratio, is the ratio of the polarization ratio of the electromagnetic waves scattered by precipitation particles after polarized electromagnetic waves irradiate them to the fully polarized wave. The depolarization ratio directly reflects the shape of aerosol particles; a larger depolarization ratio indicates more irregular particle shapes. The atmospheric depolarization ratio of the area to be identified can be the atmospheric depolarization ratio, the aerosol (particulate matter) depolarization ratio, and the atmospheric molecule depolarization ratio. The atmospheric depolarization ratio of the area is the sum of the aerosol depolarization ratio and the atmospheric molecule depolarization ratio, where the atmospheric molecule depolarization ratio can be considered a constant.

[0058] As can be understood, the extinction coefficient is the magnitude of light absorption by the tested solution. A higher concentration of the tested solution results in a deeper color after color development, indicating greater light absorption and lower light transmittance, and vice versa. The extinction coefficient of atmospheric aerosols reflects their extinction characteristics, and thus can reflect atmospheric environmental quality issues such as transmittance and visibility.

[0059] It should be understood that after obtaining the signal data of the lidar, the aerosol extinction coefficient can usually be calculated and inverted using the Klett inversion algorithm or the Fermald algorithm. This embodiment does not limit this, but the Fermald algorithm is selected here to illustrate this embodiment and the following embodiments.

[0060] In practical implementation, the aerosol identification device acquires the backscattering signal from the polarization lidar and the relative humidity profile observed by the microwave radiometer, inverts the macro-gas depolarization ratio, (particulate matter) aerosol depolarization ratio and aerosol extinction coefficient profile, and uses the Fermald algorithm backscattering model to obtain the aerosol extinction coefficient.

[0061] The formula for calculating the atmospheric depolarization ratio is as follows: In the formula, VDR is the macro-gas depolarization ratio. and These are the backscattered signals from the vertical and parallel channels of the lidar, respectively, and η is the correction coefficient.

[0062] Understandably, since the atmospheric depolarization ratio is contributed by both atmospheric molecules and aerosols, it directly depends on the ratio of the backscattered signals from the vertical and parallel channels, without the need to assume a reference height or calculate the aerosol extinction coefficient.

[0063] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the particulate matter deflection ratio can be: In the formula, PDR aer For (particulate) aerosol depolarization ratio, PDR mol β is the atmospheric molecule depolarization ratio, usually taken as 0.014. aer β is the aerosol backscattering coefficient. mol This is the backscattering coefficient of atmospheric molecules.

[0064] Step S20: Identify the cloud type of the atmospheric region to be identified based on the lidar signal and the relative humidity profile.

[0065] It should be understood that the cloud type of the atmospheric area to be identified can be either cloudy or cloudless. Cloud detection can be performed based on the backscatter signal of lidar and the relative humidity profile of microwave radiometer to determine whether there are clouds in the area.

[0066] It should be noted that the cloud detection method can be as follows: First, determine the cloud base and cloud top. Calculate the inverse of the distance using the LiDAR backscatter signal after distance square correction. The height corresponding to the cloud base is determined when the inverse value first exceeds a first threshold, and the cloud top is determined when the inverse value finally falls below a second threshold. These first and second thresholds are empirical values ​​and can be set based on different LiDAR models; this embodiment does not impose any restrictions on them. Next, after determining the cloud base and cloud top, it is determined that multiple layers of clouds may exist within this range. Finally, combining the relative humidity profile, the current area is considered a cloud-prone area when the relative humidity exceeds a preset humidity threshold. This preset humidity threshold can be set to 90% or set to a higher or lower percentage relative to this value based on the specific climatic characteristics of the atmospheric area to be identified; this embodiment does not impose any restrictions on it.

[0067] Step S30: Identify the atmospheric aerosol type in the atmospheric region to be identified based on the cloud type, the depolarization ratio, and the aerosol extinction coefficient.

[0068] Furthermore, in order to further distinguish the influence of fog in the atmospheric region to be identified where the influence of clouds can be distinguished, step S30 includes:

[0069] Step S31: When the cloud type is cloudless, identify the fog type of the atmospheric region to be identified based on the aerosol extinction coefficient.

[0070] Step S32: Identify the type of atmospheric aerosol in the atmospheric region to be identified based on the fog type and the deflection ratio.

[0071] Understandably, when the cloud type in the area to be identified is cloudless, for cloudless areas, it can be first determined whether the aerosol extinction value of the area is missing. If missing, the atmospheric area is marked as "data missing"; conversely, if the aerosol extinction coefficient of the area to be identified can be obtained, it is compared with a preset cleanliness standard value. If the obtained aerosol extinction coefficient value is less than or equal to the preset cleanliness standard value, the atmospheric area is marked as "clean," where the preset cleanliness standard value can be set to 0.05 km. -1 Or, this embodiment does not limit this to.

[0072] It should be understood that when the obtained aerosol extinction coefficient value is greater than the preset cleanliness standard value, the fog type of the atmospheric area to be identified can be identified based on the aerosol extinction coefficient, and then the atmospheric aerosol type in the atmospheric area to be identified can be further distinguished based on the fog type of the atmospheric area and the atmospheric deflection ratio.

[0073] It should be noted that aerosols refer to gaseous dispersion systems composed of solid or liquid particles suspended in a gaseous medium. The density of these solid or liquid particles can differ slightly from the density of the gaseous medium, or it can differ significantly. Clouds and fog in the sky are also aerosols.

[0074] It should be understood that atmospheric aerosols, also known as particulate matter, refer to liquid or solid particles suspended in the atmosphere (generally excluding clouds and fog). They are a type of pollutant in urban atmospheres that is abundant, complex in composition, diverse in properties, and highly hazardous. The shape, size distribution, and chemical composition of aerosols lead to different optical properties, and consequently, different impacts on climate. Particulate matter can be categorized by source into natural and anthropogenic sources. Natural aerosols, such as dust aerosols, are typically large particles with a scattering tendency; while anthropogenic aerosols, such as man-made pollution aerosols, are typically small particles with absorption properties. Furthermore, particulate matter can be classified according to its formation mechanism into primary and secondary particulate matter. Atmospheric particulate matter affects the exchange between the Earth and the atmosphere by absorbing and scattering solar radiation, thus influencing the climate system.

[0075] In practical implementation, when the cloud type in the area to be identified is cloudless, the aerosol identification device determines whether the aerosol extinction coefficient is missing. If the aerosol extinction coefficient can be obtained, the obtained value is first compared with the preset cleanliness standard judgment value to determine whether the atmospheric area to be identified is a clean area. Then, if it is determined to be a non-clean area, the relative humidity obtained by the microwave radiometer can be combined to determine the fog type in the area. Finally, the atmospheric depolarization ratio, particulate matter depolarization ratio and aerosol extinction coefficient calculated by the polarized lidar signal and relative humidity profile are combined to further identify and distinguish atmospheric aerosol types other than clouds and fog, thereby improving the identification speed and accuracy of different aerosols in the atmosphere.

[0076] This embodiment determines the depolarization ratio and aerosol extinction coefficient of the atmospheric region to be identified based on the lidar signal and relative humidity profile of the atmospheric region to be identified. Then, it identifies the cloud type of the atmospheric region based on the lidar signal and relative humidity profile. Next, it identifies the atmospheric aerosol type of the atmospheric region based on the cloud type, the depolarization ratio, and the aerosol extinction coefficient. Because this embodiment incorporates a microwave radiometer while using a polarized lidar for observation, it can simultaneously measure atmospheric temperature, pressure, relative humidity, and aerosol optical parameter profiles. The lidar signal and relative humidity profile are used to calculate subsequent parameter values ​​for distinguishing various aerosols. Based on the comparison of these parameter values ​​with preset reference values, regions of the atmospheric region to be identified as cloud type are first identified. Then, regions with data loss or clean areas are excluded, and regions of the atmospheric region to be identified as fog type are identified. Finally, the types of atmospheric aerosols other than clouds and fog are further identified and distinguished. It can simultaneously identify multiple different aerosol types in the atmosphere, including clouds, fog, and other particulate matter, and provide numerical judgment criteria, thereby improving the accuracy of aerosol type identification.

[0077] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the second embodiment of the atmospheric aerosol type identification method of the present invention.

[0078] Based on the first embodiment described above, in this embodiment, when distinguishing the effects of clouds and fog, in order to further identify natural-source aerosols such as dust aerosols in the atmosphere, step S32 includes:

[0079] Step S321: When the fog type is fog-free, compare the particulate matter deflection ratio with a preset first particulate matter standard value.

[0080] Understandably, the deflection ratio is a parameter that directly reflects the shape of aerosol particles. The larger the deflection ratio, the more irregular the particle shape. Particulate matter can be divided into natural sources and anthropogenic sources according to its source. Natural source aerosols, such as dust aerosols, are usually large particles, while anthropogenic source aerosols, such as anthropogenic pollution aerosols, are usually small particles.

[0081] Step S322: When the deflection ratio of the atmospheric region is greater than the preset first particulate matter standard value, the atmospheric aerosol type in the atmospheric region to be identified is determined to be sand and dust aerosol.

[0082] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the first particulate matter standard value can be a threshold value preset based on experience, used to classify the different types of particulate matter aerosols in the atmospheric region to be identified according to the particulate matter deflection ratio calculated according to the aforementioned steps. The first particulate matter standard value is used to directly distinguish sand and dust aerosols. Here, the first particulate matter standard value can be preset to 0.3 to describe this embodiment and the following.

[0083] It should be understood that when it is determined that the atmospheric area to be identified is neither a foggy nor a fog-free type, the particulate matter deflection ratio calculated above is obtained. If the particulate matter deflection ratio is greater than 0.3, the atmospheric aerosol type in this area is marked as dust aerosol.

[0084] Understandably, when distinguishing the impact of clouds and fog on the type of atmospheric aerosol in the area to be identified, i.e., determining that the area to be identified is particulate aerosol, setting a first particulate standard value can directly determine whether the current atmospheric area to be identified is a natural source aerosol such as dust aerosol, thus improving the speed of identifying atmospheric areas belonging to the dust aerosol type.

[0085] Furthermore, in order to further distinguish between atmospheric aerosols that are not dust aerosols, step S321 includes the following:

[0086] Step S321': When the particulate matter deflection ratio is less than or equal to the preset first particulate matter standard value, the particulate matter deflection ratio is compared with the preset second particulate matter standard value.

[0087] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the second particulate matter standard value can be a threshold value preset based on experience, used to classify the different types of particulate matter aerosols in the atmospheric region to be identified according to the particulate matter deflection ratio calculated according to the aforementioned steps. The second particulate matter standard value is used to further distinguish between mixed aerosols and anthropogenic pollution aerosols in atmospheric aerosols that are not sand and dust aerosols. Here, the second particulate matter standard value can be preset to 0.1 to describe this embodiment and the following.

[0088] Step S322': When the particulate matter deflection ratio is greater than the preset second particulate matter standard value, determine that the atmospheric aerosol type in the atmospheric region to be identified is a mixed aerosol.

[0089] It is understandable that mixed aerosols include dust aerosols and anthropogenic pollution aerosols, with particle sizes falling between those of dust aerosols and anthropogenic pollution aerosols.

[0090] Step S322”: When the particulate matter deflection ratio is less than or equal to the preset second particulate matter standard value, the atmospheric aerosol type in the atmospheric region to be identified is determined to be anthropogenic pollution aerosol.

[0091] It should be understood that when determining that the atmospheric area to be identified is not a dust aerosol type, the particulate matter retreat ratio calculated above is further compared with the second particulate matter standard value of 0.1. If the particulate matter retreat ratio is greater than 0.1, the atmospheric aerosol type in this area is marked as a mixed aerosol; if the particulate matter retreat ratio is less than or equal to 0.1, the atmospheric aerosol type in this area is marked as anthropogenic aerosol.

[0092] Understandably, by setting a first particulate matter standard value, it is possible to further distinguish between mixed aerosols and anthropogenic aerosols in atmospheric areas that are not dust aerosols, which is more conducive to proposing targeted control measures based on various different types of aerosols.

[0093] In this specific implementation, when it is determined that the atmospheric area to be identified is not foggy, the particulate matter dispersion ratio calculated above is obtained. If the particulate matter dispersion ratio is greater than 0.3, the atmospheric aerosol type in the area is marked as dust aerosol; if the particulate matter dispersion ratio is less than 0.1, the atmospheric aerosol type in the area is marked as anthropogenic pollution aerosol; if the particulate matter dispersion ratio is between 0.1 and 0.3, the atmospheric aerosol type in the area is marked as mixed aerosol.

[0094] Furthermore, in order to obtain the mass of particulate aerosols for further analysis of different types of atmospheric aerosols, step S32 may further include:

[0095] Step S3201: When the atmospheric aerosol type is determined to be particulate matter, the mass concentration profile of the particulate matter aerosol in the atmospheric region is retrieved based on the aerosol extinction coefficient of the atmospheric region to be identified.

[0096] It should be noted that the formula for inverting aerosol mass concentration is: m = ρ × υ × α, where m represents the mass concentration of dust or anthropogenic pollutant aerosols, and ρ represents the particle density of dust or anthropogenic pollutant aerosols, with the particle densities of dust and anthropogenic pollutants being 2.6 ± 0.6 g / cm³. 3 and 1.5±0.3g / cm 3 υ represents the conversion coefficient of dust or anthropogenic pollution aerosols, which can be estimated by observation results of a solar photometer or a fixed value based on experience. α represents the extinction coefficient of dust or anthropogenic pollution aerosols.

[0097] Furthermore, mixed aerosols include dust aerosols and anthropogenic pollution aerosols. Separating the extinction coefficients of dust and anthropogenic pollution in mixed aerosols requires assuming external mixing of the aerosols to further separate the contributions of dust and anthropogenic pollution aerosols to the total extinction coefficient. The formula for calculating the extinction coefficient of dust aerosols can be found here. In the formula, αd S is the extinction coefficient of dust aerosols. d For the radar ratio of dust aerosols, 43 sr and β are generally taken. aer Here is the aerosol backscattering coefficient. The formula for calculating the extinction coefficient of anthropogenic aerosols is: In the formula, α a The extinction coefficient of anthropogenic aerosols, S a The radar cross ratio for anthropogenic aerosols is generally taken as 56 sr.

[0098] In practical implementation, after separating the extinction coefficients of dust and anthropogenic pollution aerosols in mixed aerosols, the mass concentrations of dust and anthropogenic pollution aerosols are inverted. Through the calculation of the aerosol mass concentration inversion formula, when the atmospheric region to be identified is dust aerosol or anthropogenic pollution aerosol, the mass concentration profile of particulate matter aerosol in that region can be obtained respectively; when the atmospheric region to be identified is mixed aerosol, the mass concentration profiles of dust aerosol and anthropogenic pollution aerosol in that region can be obtained, which is beneficial for further monitoring and analysis of different types of particulate matter aerosols in the current atmospheric region.

[0099] In this embodiment, when determining whether the atmospheric area to be identified is a non-cloud or non-fog type area, the particulate matter deflection ratio, calculated from the lidar signal and relative humidity profile to distinguish various aerosols, is compared with a pre-set particulate matter standard value. Based on different comparison results, dust aerosols, anthropogenic pollution aerosols, and mixed aerosols are distinguished. Under the premise of distinguishing the influence of clouds and fog, it can accurately distinguish whether atmospheric particulate matter aerosols are from natural or anthropogenic sources, and further invert the mass concentration curves of different types (particulate matter) aerosols. This helps to identify aerosol emission sources, gain a deeper understanding of the long-distance transmission process of aerosols, and thus provide a scientific basis for implementing control policies.

[0100] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the third embodiment of the atmospheric aerosol type identification method of the present invention.

[0101] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, in order to further distinguish the atmospheric regions to be identified as cloud types, step S20 includes the following:

[0102] Step S201: When the cloud type is cloudy, compare the atmospheric deflection ratio with the preset atmospheric standard value.

[0103] It should be noted that the preset atmospheric standard value can be a threshold value preset based on experience, used to classify different cloud types according to the volume deviation ratio of the atmospheric region to be identified calculated according to the aforementioned steps. The different cloud types are ice clouds and water clouds. This embodiment does not limit this. Here, the preset atmospheric standard value can be 0.15 to describe this embodiment and the following.

[0104] Step S202: When the atmospheric depolarization ratio is greater than the preset atmospheric standard value, the cloud type of the atmospheric region to be identified is determined to be an ice cloud type.

[0105] Step S203: When the atmospheric debias ratio is less than or equal to the preset atmospheric standard value, the cloud type of the atmospheric region to be identified is determined to be a water cloud type.

[0106] In practice, when the atmosphere to be identified is determined to be cloudy, the atmospheric de-biasing ratio calculated above is obtained. If the atmospheric de-biasing ratio is greater than 0.15, the cloud type of the atmospheric region to be identified is marked as ice cloud; if the atmospheric de-biasing ratio is less than or equal to 0.15, the cloud type of the atmospheric region to be identified is marked as water cloud.

[0107] Understandably, by pre-setting atmospheric standard values ​​to distinguish between ice clouds and water clouds in the atmospheric regions to be identified that have been determined to have cloud types, we can gain a deeper understanding of the sources of atmospheric aerosols in the current region, reflect the climate characteristics of the current atmospheric region, and thus help to better study and protect the environment in which the identified atmospheric region is located.

[0108] Furthermore, in order to further distinguish the atmospheric areas to be identified as fog, step S31 includes:

[0109] Step S311: When the cloud type is cloudless, determine whether the atmospheric region is foggy based on the relative humidity profile.

[0110] It should be noted that a preset humidity threshold can be used to compare with the relative humidity profile of the area to be identified based on microwave radiometer observation to determine whether the area is foggy. The preset humidity threshold can be set to 90% or set to a higher or lower percentage relative to this value based on the specific climatic characteristics of the atmospheric area to be identified. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0111] Step S312: When the atmospheric region is foggy, the aerosol extinction coefficient is compared with a preset first fog concentration standard value.

[0112] It should be noted that the preset first fog concentration standard value can be a threshold value based on experience, used to calculate the aerosol extinction coefficient of the atmospheric area to be identified according to the aforementioned steps. This embodiment does not limit this; here, the preset first fog concentration standard value can be 1.5 km. -1 This embodiment and the following description will be provided.

[0113] Step S313: When the aerosol extinction coefficient is greater than the preset first fog concentration standard value, the fog type of the atmospheric area to be identified is determined to be dense fog.

[0114] Step S314: When the aerosol extinction coefficient is less than or equal to the preset first fog concentration standard value, the fog type of the atmospheric area to be identified is determined to be a light fog type.

[0115] In practical implementation, when the atmosphere to be identified is determined to be foggy, the aerosol extinction coefficient calculated above is obtained. If the aerosol extinction coefficient is greater than 1.5 km... -1 If the aerosol extinction coefficient is less than or equal to 1.5 km, then the fog type of the atmospheric area to be identified is marked as dense fog; -1 If the fog type of the atmospheric region to be identified is marked as fog, then the fog type of the region to be identified is marked as fog.

[0116] Understandably, by pre-setting fog concentration standard values ​​to distinguish between dense fog and light fog in atmospheric areas that have been identified as having fog, it is possible to better determine the cause of the aerosol type in the current area and whether there is environmental pollution and its severity as reflected by the aerosol type, thereby enabling more targeted prevention and control policies to be adopted.

[0117] In this embodiment, when determining whether an atmospheric region to be identified is a cloud or fog region, the atmospheric depolarization ratio and aerosol extinction coefficient calculated from the lidar signal and relative humidity profile are used to distinguish between various aerosols. This allows for further differentiation between ice clouds and water clouds, and between dense fog and thin fog, improving the accuracy of identifying atmospheric regions as clouds and fog. This has significant implications for climate change and environmental protection.

[0118] Furthermore, this embodiment of the invention also proposes a storage medium storing an atmospheric aerosol type identification program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the atmospheric aerosol type identification method as described above.

[0119] refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of the first embodiment of the atmospheric aerosol type identification device of the present invention.

[0120] like Figure 5 As shown, the atmospheric aerosol type identification device of the present invention includes:

[0121] The depolarization ratio determination module 501 is used to determine the depolarization ratio and aerosol extinction coefficient of the atmospheric region to be identified based on the lidar signal and relative humidity profile of the atmospheric region to be identified.

[0122] The cloud type identification module 502 is used to identify the cloud type of the atmospheric region to be identified based on the lidar signal and the relative humidity profile.

[0123] The aerosol identification module 503 is used to identify the atmospheric aerosol type in the atmospheric region to be identified based on the cloud type, the deflection ratio, and the aerosol extinction coefficient.

[0124] It should be noted that, further, the aerosol type identification module is also used to identify the fog type of the atmospheric region to be identified based on the aerosol extinction coefficient when the cloud type is cloudless, and to identify the atmospheric aerosol type in the atmospheric region to be identified based on the fog type and the deflection ratio.

[0125] This embodiment determines the depolarization ratio and aerosol extinction coefficient of the atmospheric region to be identified based on the lidar signal and relative humidity profile of the atmospheric region to be identified. Then, it identifies the cloud type of the atmospheric region based on the lidar signal and relative humidity profile. Next, it identifies the atmospheric aerosol type of the atmospheric region based on the cloud type, the depolarization ratio, and the aerosol extinction coefficient. Because this embodiment incorporates a microwave radiometer while using a polarized lidar for observation, it can simultaneously measure atmospheric temperature, pressure, relative humidity, and aerosol optical parameter profiles. The lidar signal and relative humidity profile are used to calculate subsequent parameter values ​​for distinguishing various aerosols. Based on the comparison of these parameter values ​​with preset reference values, regions of the atmospheric region to be identified as cloud type are first identified. Then, regions with data loss or clean areas are excluded, and regions of the atmospheric region to be identified as fog type are identified. Finally, the types of atmospheric aerosols other than clouds and fog are further identified and distinguished. It can simultaneously identify multiple different aerosol types in the atmosphere, including clouds, fog, and other particulate matter, and provide numerical judgment criteria, thereby improving the accuracy of aerosol type identification.

[0126] Other embodiments or specific implementations of the atmospheric aerosol type identification device of the present invention can be referred to the above-described method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0127] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or system that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or system. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or system that includes that element.

[0128] The sequence numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0129] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as read-only memory / random access memory, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, air conditioner, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0130] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the patent. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of the present invention, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for identifying atmospheric aerosol types, characterized in that, The method includes: The depolarization ratio and aerosol extinction coefficient of the atmospheric region to be identified are determined based on the lidar signal and relative humidity profile of the atmospheric region to be identified. The cloud type of the atmospheric region to be identified is determined based on the lidar signal and the relative humidity profile. The cloud type includes cloudless and cloudy types. Identifying the atmospheric aerosol type in the atmospheric region to be identified based on the cloud type, the depolarization ratio, and the aerosol extinction coefficient includes: When the cloud type is cloudless, the aerosol extinction coefficient is compared with a preset cleanliness standard value; When the aerosol extinction coefficient is greater than the preset cleanliness standard value, the atmospheric area to be identified is determined to be a non-clean area, and the fog type of the atmospheric area to be identified is determined in combination with the relative humidity profile. The fog type includes: foggy type and fog-free type. When the fog type of the atmospheric area to be identified is foggy, the aerosol extinction coefficient is compared with a preset first fog concentration standard value; when the aerosol extinction coefficient is greater than the preset first fog concentration standard value, the fog type of the atmospheric area to be identified is determined to be dense fog; when the aerosol extinction coefficient is less than or equal to the preset first fog concentration standard value, the fog type of the atmospheric area to be identified is determined to be light fog. When the fog type in the atmospheric region to be identified is a fog-free type, the atmospheric aerosol type in the atmospheric region to be identified is determined based on the debias ratio.

2. The atmospheric aerosol type identification method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The depolarization ratio is the particulate matter depolarization ratio. When the fog type in the atmospheric region to be identified is a fog-free type, identifying the atmospheric aerosol type in the atmospheric region to be identified based on the depolarization ratio includes: When the fog type is fog-free, the particulate matter deflection ratio is compared with a preset first particulate matter standard value; When the deflection ratio of the atmospheric region to be identified is greater than the preset first particulate matter standard value, the atmospheric aerosol type in the atmospheric region to be identified is determined to be sand and dust aerosol.

3. The atmospheric aerosol type identification method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, After the step of comparing the particulate matter deflection ratio with a preset first particulate matter standard value when the fog type is fog-free, the method includes: When the particulate matter deflection ratio is less than or equal to the preset first particulate matter standard value, the particulate matter deflection ratio is compared with the preset second particulate matter standard value; When the particulate matter deflection ratio is greater than the preset second particulate matter standard value, the atmospheric aerosol type in the atmospheric region to be identified is determined to be a mixed aerosol. When the particulate matter deflection ratio is less than or equal to the preset second particulate matter standard value, the atmospheric aerosol type in the atmospheric region to be identified is determined to be anthropogenic aerosol.

4. The atmospheric aerosol type identification method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Following the step of identifying the type of atmospheric aerosol in the atmospheric region to be identified based on the debias ratio, the method includes: When the atmospheric aerosol type is determined to be particulate matter, the mass concentration profile of the aerosol of the particulate matter type in the atmospheric region to be identified is inverted based on the aerosol extinction coefficient of the atmospheric region to be identified.

5. The atmospheric aerosol type identification method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The depolarization ratio is the atmospheric depolarization ratio. After the step of identifying the cloud type of the atmospheric region to be identified based on the lidar signal and the relative humidity profile, the method further includes: When the cloud type is cloudy, the atmospheric deflection ratio is compared with a preset atmospheric standard value; When the atmospheric debias ratio is greater than a preset atmospheric standard value, the cloud type of the atmospheric region to be identified is determined to be an ice cloud type. When the atmospheric debias ratio is less than or equal to a preset atmospheric standard value, the cloud type of the atmospheric region to be identified is determined to be a water cloud type.

6. An atmospheric aerosol type identification device, characterized in that, The device includes: The depolarization ratio determination module is used to determine the depolarization ratio and aerosol extinction coefficient of the atmospheric region to be identified based on the lidar signal and relative humidity profile of the atmospheric region to be identified. A cloud type identification module is used to identify the cloud type of the atmospheric region to be identified based on the lidar signal and the relative humidity profile. The cloud type includes cloudless type and cloudy type. The aerosol identification module is used to identify the type of atmospheric aerosol in the atmospheric region to be identified based on the cloud type, the deflection ratio, and the aerosol extinction coefficient. The aerosol identification module is further configured to compare the aerosol extinction coefficient with a preset cleanliness standard value when the cloud type is cloudless; and to determine that the atmospheric area to be identified is a non-clean area when the aerosol extinction coefficient is greater than the preset cleanliness standard value, and to determine the fog type of the atmospheric area to be identified in conjunction with the relative humidity profile, wherein the fog type includes: foggy type and fogless type. The aerosol identification module is further configured to: when the fog type of the atmospheric region to be identified is a foggy type, compare the aerosol extinction coefficient with a preset first fog concentration standard value; when the aerosol extinction coefficient is greater than the preset first fog concentration standard value, determine that the fog type of the atmospheric region to be identified is a dense fog type; when the aerosol extinction coefficient is less than or equal to the preset first fog concentration standard value, determine that the fog type of the atmospheric region to be identified is a light fog type; and when the fog type of the atmospheric region to be identified is a fog-free type, identify the atmospheric aerosol type in the atmospheric region to be identified based on the deflection ratio.

7. An atmospheric aerosol type identification device, characterized in that, The device includes: a memory, a processor, and an atmospheric aerosol type identification program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the atmospheric aerosol type identification program being configured to implement the steps of the atmospheric aerosol type identification method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores an atmospheric aerosol type identification program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the atmospheric aerosol type identification method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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