Method, apparatus and system for modifying a gear

Abstract

The disclosure provides a gear modification method, device and system, and relates to the technical field of mechanical component design and optimization. The gear modification method comprises the following steps: constructing a gear meshing model according to at least one of manufacturing errors and installation errors of a gear and a design value of parameters of the gear; simulating meshing performance of the gear under multiple working conditions by using the gear meshing model to obtain a meshing performance simulation result of the gear; determining at least one group of modification parameters from the parameters of the gear when the meshing performance simulation result of the gear does not meet a preset condition; determining a value of the at least one group of modification parameters of the gear according to a target function of gear meshing performance; and determining a modification scheme of the gear according to the value of the at least one group of modification parameters of the gear. Through the above method, the gear modification efficiency can be improved while the gear modification effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of mechanical component design and optimization technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus and system for modifying gears. Background Technology

[0002] Gears are common components in construction machinery. During actual use, gear misalignment, bending, or torsion often occur, leading to uneven load distribution on the gear teeth and resulting in off-center loading. Simultaneously, the elastic deformation of gears during torque transmission causes impact during meshing, resulting in meshing errors on the tooth surfaces. This leads to vibration and noise during gear meshing, significantly reducing the gear's bending strength and contact strength, thus affecting its service life.

[0003] By micro-modifying the gears, gear meshing misalignment and tooth surface meshing error can be reduced, transmission error can be decreased, gear vibration and noise can be reduced, the gear contact area can be made more centered, the gear off-center load problem can be solved, the bending fatigue and contact fatigue safety factor can be improved, and the service life of the gear can be increased. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure provides a method, apparatus, and system for modifying gears.

[0005] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, a gear modification method is proposed, comprising: constructing a gear meshing model based on at least one of the gear's manufacturing error and installation error, and the design values ​​of the gear's parameters; using the gear meshing model to simulate the gear's meshing performance under various working conditions to obtain simulation results of the gear's meshing performance; if the gear's meshing performance simulation results do not meet preset conditions, determining at least one set of modification parameters from the gear's parameters; determining the values ​​of the at least one set of modification parameters of the gear based on the objective function of the gear's meshing performance; and determining a gear modification scheme based on the values ​​of the at least one set of modification parameters of the gear.

[0006] In some embodiments, determining at least one set of modification parameters for the gear from the parameters of the gear includes: acquiring multiple candidate modification parameter sets input by the user, or determining multiple candidate modification parameter sets based on the simulation results of the meshing performance of the gear; and selecting at least one set of modification parameters for the gear from the multiple candidate modification parameter sets according to the orthogonal experimental design method.

[0007] In some embodiments, the objective function of the gear meshing performance is constructed based on a variety of gear performance parameters, including at least two of the following: contact spot, peak-to-peak transmission error, bending fatigue safety factor, and contact fatigue safety factor.

[0008] In some embodiments, the manufacturing error of the gear includes at least one of the following: gear tooth profile error, tooth direction error, cumulative total deviation of tooth pitch, and radial runout tolerance; the installation error of the gear includes the gear installation center distance deviation.

[0009] In some embodiments, determining at least one set of modification parameters from the parameters of the gear includes: determining whether a modification scheme for the gear already exists; and if no modification scheme for the gear exists, determining at least one set of modification parameters from the parameters of the gear.

[0010] In some embodiments, the gear modification method further includes: displaying or outputting the gear modification scheme if a gear modification scheme already exists.

[0011] In some embodiments, determining the gear modification scheme based on the values ​​of at least one set of modification parameters of the gear includes: verifying the validity of the values ​​of at least one set of modification parameters of the gear using simulation and experiment; and constructing the gear modification scheme using the values ​​of the modification parameters that have passed the validity verification.

[0012] In some embodiments, the gear modification method further includes: determining that the gear does not need modification if the simulation results of the gear's meshing performance meet preset conditions.

[0013] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, a gear machining method is proposed, comprising: modifying a gear using a gear modification scheme obtained according to the gear modification method described above.

[0014] According to a third aspect of this disclosure, a gear modification device is proposed, comprising: a construction module configured to construct a gear meshing model based on at least one of the gear's manufacturing error and installation error, and design values ​​of the gear's parameters; a simulation module configured to use the gear meshing model to simulate the gear's meshing performance under various working conditions to obtain simulation results of the gear's meshing performance; a parameter determination module configured to determine at least one set of modification parameters from the gear's parameters when the gear's meshing performance simulation results do not meet preset conditions; a value determination module configured to determine the values ​​of at least one set of modification parameters of the gear based on an objective function of the gear's meshing performance; and a scheme determination module configured to determine a modification scheme for the gear based on the values ​​of at least one set of modification parameters of the gear.

[0015] According to a fourth aspect of this disclosure, a gear processing apparatus is provided, configured to modify a gear using a gear modification scheme obtained according to the gear modification method described above.

[0016] According to a fifth aspect of this disclosure, a gear shaping system is provided, comprising: a detection device for detecting at least one of manufacturing errors and installation errors of the gear; and a gear shaping device as described above.

[0017] In some embodiments, the gear shaping system further includes a gear processing device configured to shape the gear according to the gear shaping scheme.

[0018] According to a sixth aspect of this disclosure, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a memory; and a processor coupled to the memory, the processor being configured to execute the gear reshaping method as described above based on instructions stored in the memory.

[0019] According to a seventh aspect of this disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having computer program instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implement the gear shaping method described above.

[0020] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of this disclosure and, together with the specification, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0022] This disclosure can be more clearly understood with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a gear shaping method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of determining a gear modification scheme based on the values ​​of gear modification parameters according to some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of a gear shaping method according to other embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gear shaping device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gear shaping system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present disclosure.

[0031] At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual scale.

[0032] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit this disclosure or its application or use.

[0033] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0034] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0035] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be discussed further in subsequent figures.

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this disclosure clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0037] In related technologies, the optimal gear modification parameters are found through experimental design and multi-objective optimization. Specifically, this includes: obtaining test sample points for each modification parameter through experimental design; calculating the contact spot distribution and peak-to-peak value of transmission error for each modification parameter under various working conditions using simulation models; fitting approximate models of each modification parameter and the contact spot distribution, as well as approximate models of each modification parameter and the peak-to-peak value of transmission error; and performing multi-objective optimization using these two approximate models as objective functions to obtain the optimal gear modification parameters.

[0038] The inventors of this invention have discovered the following shortcomings in the gear modification schemes of related technologies.

[0039] First, the gear reshaping efficiency is low, making it unsuitable for engineering applications. The existing technology can only reshape gears that require reshaping, and it cannot solve the problem of accurately determining which gears need reshaping. However, in real-world applications, due to the large number of gears requiring maintenance, some gears may need reshaping while others may not. If it's impossible to accurately determine which gears need reshaping, and reshaping parameters are optimized indiscriminately for each gear, the efficiency of gear reshaping will undoubtedly be greatly reduced.

[0040] Secondly, the reshaping effect is poor. On the one hand, the relevant technologies do not provide a scheme for selecting reshaping parameters. In practical applications, different gears have different fault conditions, and therefore require different reshaping schemes. If the selected reshaping parameters are unreasonable, the gear reshaping effect will be unsatisfactory. On the other hand, when performing multi-objective optimization, the relevant technologies only consider the impact of reshaping parameters on the transmission error and contact spot, without considering the impact of reshaping parameters on other performance indicators. As a result, the accuracy of the reshaping parameters determined is low.

[0041] In view of this, the present disclosure proposes a gear modification method, apparatus and system that can improve gear modification efficiency and gear modification effect at the same time.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a gear shaping method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 1 As shown, the gear modification method of this disclosure includes steps S110 to S150.

[0043] In step S110, a gear meshing model is constructed based on at least one of the gear's manufacturing error and installation error, as well as the design values ​​of the gear's parameters.

[0044] In some embodiments, the gear shaping method is performed by a gear shaping device.

[0045] In some embodiments, a gear specifically refers to two meshing gears (or gear pairs), or three or more meshing gears. The manufacturing errors, installation errors, and design values ​​of the parameters of these gears are used to construct the corresponding gear meshing model.

[0046] In some embodiments, the parameters of the gear include macroscopic parameters such as the gear tooth width, module, pressure angle, and number of teeth.

[0047] In some embodiments, the manufacturing error of the gear includes at least one of the following: gear tooth profile error, tooth direction error, cumulative total pitch deviation, and radial runout tolerance; the installation error of the gear includes the gear installation center distance deviation.

[0048] For example, in step S110, a gear meshing model is built in simulation software based on the design values ​​of parameters such as gear tooth width, module, pressure angle, and number of teeth, as well as the gear manufacturing error and gear installation error detected by the testing equipment.

[0049] In this embodiment of the disclosure, by considering not only the design values ​​of the gear parameters, but also the manufacturing and installation errors of the gear when constructing the gear meshing model, the constructed simulation model is more in line with the actual gear processing situation, which helps to improve the accuracy of gear meshing performance simulation analysis.

[0050] In some embodiments, prior to step S110, the method further includes: initially selecting gears to be maintained from a large number of gears based on after-sales feedback, gear structure, and the reshaping capability of the gear reshaping machine. Specifically, the gear reshaping machine may be a gear grinding machine. The gear grinding machine utilizes a grinding wheel to reshape the tooth direction and profile of the gear.

[0051] In this embodiment of the disclosure, by combining product after-sales feedback, gear structure, and the gear reshaping capabilities of the gear reshaping machine tool, the gears to be maintained can be initially selected, thereby improving the effectiveness and specificity of gear reshaping and reducing gear maintenance costs.

[0052] In step S120, the gear meshing model is used to simulate the meshing performance of the gears under various working conditions in order to obtain the simulation results of the gear meshing performance.

[0053] In some embodiments, a gear meshing model is used to simulate and analyze the meshing performance of gears under various working conditions based on the gear load spectrum, so as to obtain the simulation results of the meshing performance of gears during operation.

[0054] The load spectrum of a gear is a gear operating condition curve obtained through actual measurement. This curve includes the gear's working load, operating speed, and frequency under different operating conditions. In practice, gear meshing performance simulation analysis can be performed mainly on common load conditions such as maximum torque, 75%, 50%, 25%, and 5% of the maximum torque. Alternatively, operating conditions can be reasonably divided according to the load spectrum, and gear meshing performance simulation analysis can be performed under different operating conditions.

[0055] For example, the simulation results of gear meshing performance during operation include one or more of the following: gear contact pattern, peak-to-peak value of transmission error, bending fatigue safety factor, and contact fatigue safety factor.

[0056] After building the gear meshing model in the simulation software, different working conditions can be input to directly obtain the simulation results of the gear meshing performance under different working conditions, such as the gear contact pattern, peak-to-peak value of transmission error, bending fatigue safety factor and contact fatigue safety factor and other performance parameter information.

[0057] In step S130, if the simulation results of the gear meshing performance do not meet the preset conditions, at least one set of modification parameters is determined from the gear parameters.

[0058] In some embodiments, it is first determined whether the simulation results of the gear meshing performance meet the preset conditions. If the preset conditions are not met, it is determined that the gear needs to be modified, and then steps S130 to S150 are executed. If the preset conditions are met, it is determined that the gear does not need to be modified.

[0059] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the gear meshing performance is simulated by using the gear meshing model constructed in step S110, and it is determined whether the gear needs to be modified based on the simulation results of the gear meshing performance. If it is determined that the gear needs to be modified, subsequent steps such as step S130 are then executed. This avoids executing subsequent steps such as step S130 for gears that do not need to be modified, thereby helping to improve the efficiency of gear modification.

[0060] In some embodiments, the simulation results of gear meshing performance are determined to meet preset conditions in the following manner: whether the contact spots of the gear are concentrated in the middle position of the tooth surface, whether the peak-to-peak value of the transmission error is within a specified first threshold range, and whether the bending fatigue safety factor is within a specified second threshold range; if the contact spots of the gear are concentrated in the middle position of the tooth surface, the peak-to-peak value of the transmission error of the gear is within the first threshold range, and the bending fatigue safety factor is within the second threshold range, the simulation results of gear meshing performance are determined to meet the preset conditions; otherwise, the simulation results of gear meshing performance are determined not to meet the preset conditions.

[0061] In some embodiments, the simulation results of gear meshing performance are determined to meet preset conditions in the following manner: whether the contact spots of the gear are concentrated in the middle position of the tooth surface, whether the peak-to-peak value of the transmission error is within a specified first threshold range, whether the bending fatigue safety factor is within a specified second threshold range, and whether the contact fatigue safety factor is within a specified third threshold range; if the contact spots of the gear are concentrated in the middle position of the tooth surface, the peak-to-peak value of the gear transmission error is within the first threshold range, the bending fatigue safety factor is within the second threshold range, and the contact fatigue safety factor is within the third threshold range, the simulation results of gear meshing performance are determined to meet the preset conditions; otherwise, the simulation results of gear meshing performance are determined not to meet the preset conditions.

[0062] In practice, the first threshold range, the second threshold range, and the third threshold range can be determined based on actual needs and other factors. For example, the first threshold range can be determined based on the gear module. For instance, the first threshold range for gear pairs with a module of 3 or less is set to 5 μm, and the first threshold range for gear pairs with a module greater than 3 is set to 10 μm.

[0063] Among them, the modification parameters refer to the parameters of the gear that need to be adjusted or optimized. For example, suppose three sets of modification parameters are determined in step S130. The first set of modification parameters is tooth bulging, pressure angle, and tooth profile bulging; the second set of modification parameters is helix angle, pressure angle, and tooth profile bulging; and the third set of modification parameters is helix angle, tooth bulging, pressure angle, and tooth profile bulging.

[0064] In some embodiments, in step S130, determining at least one set of modification parameters from the gear parameters includes: obtaining multiple candidate modification parameter sets input by the user; and selecting at least one set of modification parameters from the multiple candidate modification parameter sets according to the orthogonal experimental design method.

[0065] For example, the user determines multiple candidate modification parameter sets based on the simulation results of gear meshing performance, and inputs the determined multiple candidate modification parameter sets into the gear modification device. Next, the gear modification device automatically selects at least one set of modification parameters for the gear from the multiple candidate modification parameter sets according to the orthogonal experimental design method.

[0066] In other embodiments, in step S130, determining at least one set of modification parameters from the gear parameters includes: determining multiple candidate modification parameter sets based on the simulation results of gear meshing performance, and selecting at least one set of modification parameters from the multiple candidate modification parameter sets according to the orthogonal experimental design method.

[0067] For example, the gear modification device automatically determines the tooth direction deviation range and tooth profile deviation range of the gear pair based on the contact spot, transmission error, bending fatigue and contact fatigue safety factor of the gear pair obtained from simulation; the gear modification device determines multiple candidate modification parameter sets based on the tooth direction deviation range and tooth profile deviation range of the gear pair, and then conducts orthogonal experimental design in combination with commonly used tooth direction and tooth profile modification methods to select at least one set of modification parameters for the gear from multiple candidate modification parameter sets.

[0068] In this embodiment of the disclosure, by using orthogonal experimental design to select at least one set of modification parameters from multiple candidate modification parameter sets, not only can a more representative modification parameter set be selected, thereby helping to improve the effectiveness of the subsequently determined modification scheme, but also the number of modification parameter sets participating in the subsequent objective function optimization can be reduced, thereby reducing the computational load of the subsequent objective function optimization, thus helping to improve the efficiency of the entire processing flow.

[0069] In step S140, the values ​​of at least one set of modification parameters for the gear are determined according to the objective function of gear meshing performance.

[0070] In some embodiments, the objective function for gear meshing performance is constructed based on a variety of gear performance parameters. These parameters include at least two of the following: contact pattern, peak-to-peak transmission error, bending fatigue safety factor, and contact fatigue safety factor.

[0071] For example, an objective function for gear meshing performance can be constructed based on the gear contact pattern, peak-to-peak transmission error, bending fatigue safety factor, and contact fatigue safety factor. For instance, the constructed objective function for gear meshing performance can be expressed as:

[0072]

[0073] In the formula, F(ρ) is the comprehensive objective function, m is the total number of operating conditions, and α k CS represents the weighting coefficient for each operating condition. k (ρ) represents the contact stress value for the k-th working condition, TE k (ρ) represents the peak-to-peak value of the transmission error for the k-th operating condition, BF k (ρ) is the bending fatigue safety factor for the k-th working condition, CF k (ρ) is the contact fatigue safety factor for the k-th working condition, CS k max CS k min These represent the maximum and minimum values ​​of the contact stress peak for the k-th working condition within the range of the shaping parameters, respectively, TE. k max TE k min These are the maximum and minimum values ​​of the peak-to-peak transmission error for the k-th operating condition within the range of the shaping parameters, respectively. k max BF k min These represent the maximum and minimum values ​​of the bending fatigue safety factor for the k-th working condition within the range of the shaping parameters, respectively, CF. k max CF k min ω1, ω2, ω3, and ω4 are the maximum and minimum values ​​of the contact fatigue safety factor for the k-th working condition within the range of the shaping parameters, respectively, and the weights of the contact spot, the peak-to-peak value of the transmission error, the bending fatigue safety factor, and the contact fatigue safety factor, respectively. In some embodiments, α k ω1, ω2, ω3, and ω4 can be determined based on human experience or by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP).

[0074] In step S140, for each of the at least one set of shaping parameters, the optimization objective is to minimize the objective function, and the range of values ​​of each set of shaping parameters is used as a constraint. The optimization of each set of shaping parameters is iteratively performed to obtain the values ​​of the shaping parameters.

[0075] In this embodiment of the disclosure, when designing the objective function for gear meshing performance, not only the two performance parameters of gear contact pattern and transmission error peak-to-peak value are considered, but also the gear bending fatigue safety factor and contact fatigue safety factor are considered. This allows for the simultaneous optimization of gear contact pattern, transmission error, bending fatigue and contact fatigue safety factor during the optimization of modification parameters, which helps to obtain better modification parameter values ​​and thus improves the effectiveness of the gear modification scheme.

[0076] In step S150, the gear modification scheme is determined based on the values ​​of at least one set of modification parameters of the gear.

[0077] In some embodiments, step S150 includes: after obtaining the values ​​of at least one set of modification parameters of the gear, taking the values ​​of each set of modification parameters as a modification scheme for the gear.

[0078] For example, after obtaining the values ​​of the three sets of shaping parameters A, B, and C through step S140, the values ​​of the shaping parameters in set A are used as shaping scheme 1 for the gear, the values ​​of the shaping parameters in set B are used as shaping scheme 2 for the gear, and the values ​​of the shaping parameters in set C are used as shaping scheme 3 for the gear.

[0079] In some other embodiments, step S150 includes: verifying the validity of at least one set of modification parameters of the gear using simulation and experiment; and constructing a modification scheme for the gear using the values ​​of the modification parameters that have passed the validity verification.

[0080] For example, simulation technology can be used to verify the validity of at least one set of modification parameters for a gear, and each set of modification parameters that passes the validity verification can be used as a modification scheme for the gear.

[0081] For example, by using experimental techniques, the validity of at least one set of modification parameters for a gear can be verified, and each set of modification parameters that passes the validity verification can be used as a modification scheme for the gear.

[0082] For example, using Figure 2 The process shown determines the gear modification scheme.

[0083] In the embodiments disclosed herein, the above steps can improve the gear shaping efficiency while enhancing the gear shaping effect.

[0084] Figure 2This is a flowchart illustrating the process of determining a gear modification scheme based on the values ​​of gear modification parameters according to some embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 2 As shown, the process of determining the gear modification scheme based on the values ​​of the gear modification parameters includes steps S210 to S250.

[0085] In step S210, multiple candidate modification schemes for the gear are determined based on the values ​​of multiple sets of modification parameters for the gear.

[0086] For example, the value of each of the multiple sets of modification parameters can be used as a candidate modification scheme for the gear.

[0087] In step S220, the effectiveness of various candidate modification schemes for the gear is verified by simulation to obtain simulation verification results.

[0088] For example, for each of the multiple candidate modification schemes for a gear, based on the values ​​of the modification parameters in each candidate modification scheme, and based on the testing equipment...

[0089] The previously constructed gear meshing model was calibrated. Using the calibrated model, the meshing performance of the gears under various working conditions was simulated to obtain the simulation results of the modified gear's meshing performance. If the simulation results of the modified gear's meshing performance met the preset conditions, the candidate modification scheme was determined to have passed the effectiveness simulation verification; if the simulation results did not meet the preset conditions, the candidate modification scheme was determined to have failed the effectiveness simulation verification.

[0090] In step S230, based on the simulation verification results, the candidate modification scheme to be tested is determined from a variety of candidate modification schemes for the gear.

[0091] For example, candidate modification schemes that have been verified through effectiveness simulation can be used as candidate modification schemes to be tested.

[0092] In step S240, the effectiveness of the candidate modification scheme to be tested is experimentally verified to obtain the verification results.

[0093] For example, using a gear-modifying device (such as a gear grinding machine), the gear is modified according to the candidate modification scheme to be tested. Then, a bench test is conducted on the modified gear to obtain performance parameters such as contact pattern, transmission error, bending fatigue safety factor, and contact fatigue safety factor. Based on the performance parameters of the modified gear, the effectiveness of the candidate gear modification scheme is verified.

[0094] In step S250, based on the verification results, a gear modification scheme is selected from the candidate gear modification schemes.

[0095] For example, in step S250, the candidate modification scheme verified by the effectiveness test is taken as the final gear modification scheme.

[0096] For example, in step S250, the gear is modified according to the candidate modification scheme verified by the effectiveness test; then, the manufacturing error and installation error of the modified gear are detected by the detection equipment; if the manufacturing error and installation error of the modified gear are less than the specified error threshold, the candidate modification scheme is adopted as the final gear modification scheme; otherwise, the candidate modification scheme is not adopted as the final gear modification scheme.

[0097] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the effectiveness of the candidate gear modification schemes is further verified by using simulation and experimental methods, and the candidate modification schemes that pass the effectiveness verification are used as the final modification schemes. This can further optimize the gear modification schemes, thereby helping to further ensure the efficiency of gear modification and further improve the effect of gear modification.

[0098] Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a gear shaping method according to other embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 3 As shown, the gear modification method includes steps S310 to S390.

[0099] In step S310, a gear meshing model is constructed.

[0100] In some embodiments, a gear meshing model is constructed in simulation software based on the gear's parameter design values, as well as the gear's manufacturing and installation errors.

[0101] For example, gear parameters include gear tooth width, module, pressure angle, number of teeth, etc.

[0102] For example, gear manufacturing errors include at least one of the following: gear tooth profile error, tooth direction error, cumulative total pitch deviation, and radial runout tolerance; gear installation errors include gear installation center distance deviation.

[0103] In this embodiment of the disclosure, by considering not only the design values ​​of the gear parameters, but also the manufacturing and installation errors of the gear when constructing the gear meshing model, the constructed simulation model is more in line with the actual gear processing situation, which helps to improve the accuracy of gear meshing performance simulation analysis.

[0104] In step S320, the meshing performance of the gears is simulated using a gear meshing model.

[0105] For example, a gear meshing model can be used to simulate the meshing performance of gears under various working conditions in order to obtain simulation results of gear meshing performance under different working conditions.

[0106] For example, the simulation results of meshing performance include the contact pattern of the gear during operation, transmission error, bending fatigue safety factor and contact fatigue safety factor.

[0107] In step S330, it is determined whether the simulation results of meshing performance meet the preset conditions.

[0108] For example, the simulation results of gear meshing performance are determined to meet the preset conditions as follows: whether the contact spots of the gear are concentrated in the middle of the tooth surface, whether the peak-to-peak value of the transmission error is within the specified first threshold range, whether the bending fatigue safety factor is within the specified second threshold range, and whether the contact fatigue safety factor is within the specified third threshold range; if the contact spots of the gear are concentrated in the middle of the tooth surface, the peak-to-peak value of the gear transmission error is within the first threshold range, the bending fatigue safety factor is within the second threshold range, and the contact fatigue safety factor is within the third threshold range, then the simulation results of gear meshing performance are determined to meet the preset conditions; otherwise, the simulation results of gear meshing performance are determined not to meet the preset conditions.

[0109] If the result of step S330 is negative, proceed to step S340; otherwise, proceed to step S380.

[0110] In step S340, it is determined whether a gear modification scheme already exists.

[0111] For example, the database can be queried based on the gear model, and the query results can be used to determine whether a gear modification solution already exists.

[0112] If the result of step S340 is negative, proceed to step S350; otherwise, proceed to step S390.

[0113] In step S350, at least one set of modification parameters for the gear is determined.

[0114] For example, at least one set of modification parameters for a gear can be determined as follows: multiple candidate modification parameter sets input by the user are obtained; at least one set of modification parameters for the gear is selected from the multiple candidate modification parameter sets according to the orthogonal experimental design method.

[0115] For example, determining at least one set of modification parameters for a gear in the following manner includes: determining multiple candidate modification parameter sets based on simulation results of gear meshing performance, and selecting at least one set of modification parameters for the gear from the multiple candidate modification parameter sets using orthogonal experimental design.

[0116] For example, the gear modification device automatically determines the tooth direction deviation range and tooth profile deviation range of the gear pair based on the contact spot, transmission error, bending fatigue and contact fatigue safety factor of the gear pair obtained from simulation; the gear modification device determines multiple candidate modification parameter sets based on the tooth direction deviation range and tooth profile deviation range of the gear pair, and then conducts orthogonal experimental design in combination with commonly used tooth direction and tooth profile modification methods to select at least one set of modification parameters for the gear from multiple candidate modification parameter sets.

[0117] In this embodiment of the disclosure, by using orthogonal experimental design to select at least one set of modification parameters from multiple candidate modification parameter sets, not only can a more representative modification parameter set be selected, thereby helping to improve the effectiveness of the subsequently determined modification scheme, but also the number of modification parameter sets participating in the subsequent objective function optimization can be reduced, thereby reducing the computational load of the subsequent objective function optimization, thus helping to improve the efficiency of the entire processing flow.

[0118] In step S360, the objective function of gear meshing performance is solved to determine the values ​​of at least one set of gear modification parameters.

[0119] The objective function for gear meshing performance is constructed based on various performance parameters of the gear.

[0120] For example, an objective function for gear meshing performance can be constructed based on the contact pattern of the gear, the peak-to-peak value of the transmission error, the bending fatigue safety factor, and the contact fatigue safety factor.

[0121] For example, the objective function for the constructed gear meshing performance is expressed as:

[0122]

[0123] In the formula, F(ρ) is the comprehensive objective function, m is the total number of operating conditions, and α k CS represents the weighting coefficient for each operating condition. k (ρ) represents the contact stress value for the k-th working condition, TE k (ρ) represents the peak-to-peak value of the transmission error for the k-th operating condition, BF k (ρ) is the bending fatigue safety factor for the k-th working condition, CF k (ρ) is the contact fatigue safety factor for the k-th working condition, CS k max CS k min These represent the maximum and minimum values ​​of the contact stress peak for the k-th working condition within the range of the shaping parameters, respectively, TE. k max TE k minThese are the maximum and minimum values ​​of the peak-to-peak transmission error for the k-th operating condition within the range of the shaping parameters, respectively. k max BF k min These represent the maximum and minimum values ​​of the bending fatigue safety factor for the k-th working condition within the range of the shaping parameters, respectively, CF. k max CF k min ω1, ω2, ω3, and ω4 are the maximum and minimum values ​​of the contact fatigue safety factor for the k-th working condition within the range of the shaping parameters, respectively, and the weights of the contact spot, the peak-to-peak value of the transmission error, the bending fatigue safety factor, and the contact fatigue safety factor, respectively. In some embodiments, α k ω1, ω2, ω3, and ω4 can be determined based on human experience or by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP).

[0124] In step S370, a gear modification scheme is determined based on the values ​​of at least one set of gear modification parameters.

[0125] For example, in step S370, the validity of at least one set of modification parameters of the gear is verified by using simulation and experiment; and a modification scheme for the gear is constructed by using the modification parameters that have passed the validity verification.

[0126] For example, according to Figure 2 The process determines the gear modification scheme.

[0127] In some embodiments, after obtaining the gear modification scheme, the method further includes saving the gear modification scheme to a modification database. The modification database can be used to store gear production information, manufacturing and installation error information of the gear before and after modification, gear modification schemes, gear meshing performance analysis results, and other information, thereby providing data support for subsequent gear modification. The modification database can be a commonly used database such as Excel, Access, or Oracle.

[0128] In some embodiments, data stored in the gear modification database can be queried by gear model, modification scheme code, or operator identification. Statistical process control charts can be created from the queried data to analyze whether gear accuracy data is normal and to promptly identify abnormal data points.

[0129] In step S380, the process ends.

[0130] If the simulation results of the gear's meshing performance meet the preset conditions, it is determined that the gear does not require modification, and therefore no subsequent modification process needs to be performed. Next, a bench test can be conducted to verify this.

[0131] In step S390, the gear modification scheme is displayed or output.

[0132] If a gear modification plan already exists, display or output the gear modification plan so that operators or equipment can modify the gear according to the existing gear modification plan.

[0133] In the embodiments disclosed herein, the above steps enable the gear modification scheme to be determined quickly and accurately, which not only helps to improve the gear modification efficiency but also helps to improve the gear modification effect, and is of great significance to improving the gear manufacturing quality and the reliability of engineering machinery.

[0134] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a gear machining method is also provided, comprising: modifying the gear using a gear modification scheme obtained according to the gear modification method described above. This gear machining method improves both the efficiency and precision of gear modification and manufacturing.

[0135] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gear shaping device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 4 As shown, the gear shaping device 400 includes a construction module 410, a simulation module 420, a parameter determination module 430, a value determination module 440, and a scheme determination module 450.

[0136] Module 410 is configured to construct a gear meshing model based on at least one of the gear's manufacturing error and installation error, as well as the design values ​​of the gear's parameters.

[0137] Simulation module 420 is configured to use a gear meshing model to simulate the meshing performance of gears under various working conditions in order to obtain simulation results of gear meshing performance.

[0138] The parameter determination module 430 is configured to determine at least one set of modification parameters from the gear parameters when the simulation results of the gear meshing performance do not meet the preset conditions.

[0139] The value determination module 440 is configured to determine the values ​​of at least one set of modification parameters of the gear based on the objective function of gear meshing performance.

[0140] The scheme determination module 450 is configured to determine the gear modification scheme based on the values ​​of at least one set of gear modification parameters.

[0141] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the above-mentioned device can quickly and accurately determine the gear modification scheme, which not only helps to improve the gear modification efficiency, but also helps to improve the gear modification effect, which is of great significance to improving the gear manufacturing quality and the reliability of engineering machinery.

[0142] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a gear processing apparatus is also provided, configured to modify a gear according to a gear modification scheme obtained by the gear modification method described above. With the above gear processing apparatus, both the efficiency and precision of gear modification and manufacturing can be improved.

[0143] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gear shaping system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 5 As shown, the gear shaping system 500 includes a detection device 510 and a gear shaping device 520.

[0144] The testing equipment 510 is configured to detect at least one of the manufacturing error and the installation error of the gear.

[0145] The gear modification device 520 is configured to construct a gear meshing model based on at least one of the gear's manufacturing error and installation error, as well as the design values ​​of the gear's parameters; use the gear meshing model to simulate the gear's meshing performance under various working conditions to obtain the gear's meshing performance simulation results; if the gear's meshing performance simulation results do not meet preset conditions, determine at least one set of modification parameters from the gear's parameters; determine the values ​​of at least one set of modification parameters based on the objective function of the gear's meshing performance; and determine the gear modification scheme based on the values ​​of at least one set of modification parameters.

[0146] In some embodiments, the gear shaping system further includes a gear processing apparatus configured to shape the gear according to a gear shaping scheme. For example, the gear processing apparatus is a gear grinding machine.

[0147] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the above system can quickly and accurately determine the gear modification scheme, which not only helps to improve the gear modification efficiency, but also helps to improve the gear modification effect, which is of great significance to improving the gear manufacturing quality and the reliability of engineering machinery.

[0148] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0149] like Figure 6 As shown, the electronic device 600 includes a memory 610 and a processor 620 coupled to the memory 610. The memory 610 is used to store instructions for performing a gear shaping method corresponding to an embodiment. The processor 620 is configured to perform a gear shaping method in any of the embodiments of this disclosure based on the instructions stored in the memory 610.

[0150] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0151] like Figure 7 As shown, the computer system 700 can be represented in the form of a general computing device. The computer system 700 includes a memory 710, a processor 720, and a bus 730 connecting different system components.

[0152] The memory 710 may include, for example, system memory, non-volatile storage media, etc. The system memory may store, for example, an operating system, application programs, a boot loader, and other programs. The system memory may include volatile storage media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory. The non-volatile storage media may store, for example, instructions for a corresponding embodiment of at least one gear shaping method being executed. Non-volatile storage media include, but are not limited to, disk storage, optical storage, flash memory, etc.

[0153] The processor 720 can be implemented using discrete hardware components such as general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates, or transistors. Correspondingly, each module, such as a building module or a simulation module, can be implemented either by executing instructions from the central processing unit (CPU)'s runtime memory, or by using dedicated circuitry to execute those instructions.

[0154] Bus 730 can use any of the various bus architectures. For example, bus architectures include, but are not limited to, Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, Micro Channel Architecture (MCA) bus, and Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus.

[0155] The computer system 700 can be connected via a bus 730 to interfaces 740, 750, and 760, as well as to the memory 710 and processor 720. Input / output interface 740 provides a connection interface for input / output devices such as monitors, mice, and keyboards. Network interface 750 provides a connection interface for various networked devices. Storage interface 760 provides a connection interface for external storage devices such as floppy disks, USB flash drives, and SD cards.

[0156] Various aspects of this disclosure are described herein with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus, and computer program products according to embodiments of this disclosure. It should be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations thereof, can be implemented by computer-readable program instructions.

[0157] These computer-readable program instructions are provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable device to produce a machine, such that execution of the instructions by the processor produces means for implementing the functions specified in one or more boxes of the flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0158] These computer-readable program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. These instructions cause a computer to work in a particular manner to produce an article of manufacture, including instructions that implement the functions specified in one or more boxes in a flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0159] This disclosure may take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects.

[0160] The gear shaping method, apparatus, and system described in the above embodiments can improve both the gear shaping efficiency and the gear shaping effect.

[0161] The gear shaping method, apparatus, and system according to this disclosure have now been described in detail. To avoid obscuring the concept of this disclosure, some details known in the art have not been described. Those skilled in the art can fully understand how to implement the technical solutions disclosed herein based on the above description.

Claims

1. A method for modifying a gear, comprising: A gear meshing model is constructed based on at least one of the gear's manufacturing error and installation error, as well as the design values ​​of the gear's parameters. Using the gear meshing model, the meshing performance of the gear under various working conditions is simulated to obtain the simulation results of the gear meshing performance; If the simulation results of the meshing performance of the gear do not meet the preset conditions, at least one set of modification parameters shall be determined from the parameters of the gear, including: obtaining multiple candidate modification parameter sets input by the user, or determining multiple candidate modification parameter sets based on the simulation results of the meshing performance of the gear; and selecting at least one set of modification parameters of the gear from the multiple candidate modification parameter sets according to the orthogonal experimental design method. Based on the objective function of gear meshing performance, determine the values ​​of at least one set of modification parameters for the gear; The gear modification scheme is determined based on the values ​​of at least one set of modification parameters of the gear.

2. The gear modification method according to claim 1, wherein, The objective function for gear meshing performance is constructed based on various performance parameters of the gear, including at least two of the following: contact spot, peak-to-peak transmission error, bending fatigue safety factor, and contact fatigue safety factor.

3. The gear modification method according to claim 1, wherein, The manufacturing error of the gear includes at least one of the following: gear tooth profile error, tooth direction error, cumulative total deviation of tooth pitch, and radial runout tolerance. The installation error of the gear includes the deviation of the gear installation center distance.

4. The gear modification method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, Determining at least one set of modification parameters from the parameters of the gear includes: Determine whether a modification scheme for the gear already exists; In the absence of a modification scheme for the gear, at least one set of modification parameters is determined from the parameters of the gear.

5. The gear modification method according to claim 4 further includes: If a modification scheme for the gear already exists, display or output the modification scheme for the gear.

6. The gear modification method according to claim 1, wherein, The step of determining the gear modification scheme based on the values ​​of at least one set of modification parameters of the gear includes: The validity of at least one set of modification parameters for the gear is verified by using at least one of simulation and experimentation. The gear modification scheme is constructed using the values ​​of the modification parameters that have passed the validity verification.

7. The gear modification method according to claim 1 further includes: If the simulation results of the gear's meshing performance meet the preset conditions, it is determined that the gear does not require modification.

8. A method for machining a gear, comprising: The gear is modified using the gear modification method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A gear shaping device, comprising: The building module is configured to build a gear meshing model based on at least one of the gear's manufacturing error and installation error, as well as the design values ​​of the gear's parameters; The simulation module is configured to use the gear meshing model to simulate the meshing performance of the gear under various working conditions, so as to obtain the simulation results of the gear meshing performance. The parameter determination module is configured to determine at least one set of modification parameters from the parameters of the gear when the simulation results of the meshing performance of the gear do not meet the preset conditions. This includes: acquiring multiple candidate modification parameter sets input by the user, or determining multiple candidate modification parameter sets based on the simulation results of the meshing performance of the gear; and selecting at least one set of modification parameters from the multiple candidate modification parameter sets according to the orthogonal experimental design method. The value determination module is configured to determine the values ​​of at least one set of modification parameters of the gear based on the objective function of gear meshing performance. The scheme determination module is configured to determine the modification scheme of the gear based on the values ​​of at least one set of modification parameters of the gear.

10. A gear processing apparatus configured to modify a gear using a gear modification scheme obtained by a gear modification method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

11. A gear shaping system, comprising: The testing equipment is configured to detect at least one of the manufacturing error and the installation error of the gear; The gear shaping device according to claim 9.

12. The gear shaping system according to claim 11, further comprising: The gear processing apparatus is configured to modify the gear according to the gear modification scheme.

13. An electronic device, comprising: Memory; as well as A processor coupled to the memory, the processor being configured to execute the gear reshaping method of any one of claims 1 to 7 based on instructions stored in the memory.

14. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the gear reshaping method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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