A device for monitoring a concrete structure of a road bridge
By distributing piezoelectric ceramic sensing units at multiple angles in the concrete structure of roads and bridges and encapsulating them with a cylindrical tank slurry layer, the problems of easy damage and limited monitoring range of traditional piezoelectric sheets are solved, enabling monitoring over a longer range and more efficient information collection.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANGHAI RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF BUILDING SCIENCES CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2023-03-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-14
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, piezoelectric ceramic sensors are easily damaged, difficult to replace, and have limited monitoring range in road and bridge structure monitoring. They also suffer from severe signal attenuation and cannot effectively detect internal defects in concrete.
By employing piezoelectric ceramic sensing units distributed at multiple angles and encapsulating them with a cylindrical tank slurry layer, the propagation of excitation signals is enhanced, damage imaging is achieved, and the monitoring range and information acquisition capabilities are improved.
It enhances the monitoring range and information acquisition capabilities of concrete structures, improves the service life and monitoring effect of the device, and enables effective detection of defects in different locations.
Smart Images
Figure CN116413335B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of concrete monitoring technology, and more specifically, to a monitoring device for concrete structures of roads and bridges. Background Technology
[0002] Road and bridge concrete structures require regular inspection or monitoring to ensure structural safety. Before concrete fails, it typically exhibits significant strain, large cracks, and partial crushing. Inspections and monitoring of these structures generally focus on these conditions. Piezoelectric ceramic sensors are primarily used to measure various physical quantities and their changes, such as acceleration, pressure, and vibration. Piezoelectric ceramic accelerometers are commonly used accelerometers, offering advantages such as small size, simple structure, light weight, and long service life. They are widely used in vibration and shock measurements in aircraft, automobiles, ships, bridges, and buildings.
[0003] Piezoelectric ceramic sensors are widely used in structural health monitoring. Existing technologies for monitoring road and bridge structures mostly use external piezoelectric sheets, which are placed on the surface of the structure. The signal gradually attenuates in the wave field, reducing the monitoring range in concrete. This limits the structural information that the system can collect and sense. Furthermore, the sensors do not integrate with the concrete material, making them easy to damage and difficult to replace. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a road and bridge concrete structure monitoring device that uses a multi-angle stable distribution of piezoelectric ceramic sensing units in space. This facilitates the subsequent casting and encapsulation of the cylindrical slurry layer, enhances the excitation signal, and disperses stress waves more effectively in space, making it easier to detect defects at different locations and achieve damage imaging. This device replaces the traditional external piezoelectric sheets placed on the structural surface, increases the monitoring range in concrete, and enhances the system's ability to collect and sense structural information.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:
[0006] A monitoring device for concrete structures of roads and bridges includes a monitoring and display device and a first piezoelectric sensing component and a second piezoelectric sensing component electrically connected to the input and output ends of the monitoring and display device, respectively. Both the first and second piezoelectric sensing components include a piezoelectric sensing element and a cylindrical slurry layer for casting and encapsulating the piezoelectric sensing element. The piezoelectric sensing element includes: a spherical concrete with a placement cavity at its bottom and mounting grooves arranged in a circular array on its circumferential side; a plurality of mounting holes on the bottom surface of the mounting grooves; a plurality of mounting plates inserted into the mounting grooves, each mounting plate having a plurality of first screw holes inside; a wire guide inserted into the placement cavity, each wire guide having a plurality of second screw holes on its side; the mounting holes being coaxially aligned with the corresponding first and second screw holes; and a piezoelectric ceramic sensing unit inserted into the mounting hole, the piezoelectric ceramic sensing unit being screwed into the first and second screw holes respectively.
[0007] The present invention is further configured such that: the first piezoelectric sensing component serves as the input signal for concrete structure flaw detection; and the second piezoelectric sensing component is used to receive the signal carrying damage information and transmit it to the monitoring and display device.
[0008] The present invention is further configured such that: the first piezoelectric sensing component and the second piezoelectric sensing component are respectively inserted into the concrete; the concrete surface has symmetrically reserved holes; and concrete filling columns are inserted into the reserved holes.
[0009] The present invention is further configured such that: the piezoelectric ceramic sensing unit includes: a piezoelectric ceramic spherical shell, the piezoelectric ceramic spherical shell being electrically connected to a wire; a copper tube, the copper tube being disposed on the piezoelectric ceramic spherical shell; the wire extending outward through the copper tube; and an externally threaded tube disposed on the circumferential side of the copper tube, the externally threaded tube being screwed into a first threaded hole and a second threaded hole respectively.
[0010] The present invention is further configured such that: the piezoelectric ceramic spherical shell is coated with an epoxy resin filling protective layer and a shielding coating layer from the inside to the outside; and a concrete layer is provided on the periphery of the shielding coating layer.
[0011] The invention is further configured such that: the bottom of the threading tube is open and a positioning baffle is provided at its end; the cylindrical slurry layer is arranged above the positioning baffle to encapsulate the piezoelectric sensing element.
[0012] The invention is further configured such that: a threaded ring is provided inside the threaded tube; the threaded ring is rotatably engaged with an aircraft carrier plug; an annular plate is provided on the back of the aircraft carrier plug; the annular plate is rotatably engaged with the threaded ring; and the aircraft carrier plug is electrically connected to each group of wires.
[0013] The present invention is further configured such that: both the input and output ends of the monitoring and display device are electrically connected to cables; and the ends of the cables are electrically connected to aviation male connectors adapted to aircraft female connectors.
[0014] The present invention is further configured such that: the monitoring and display device is internally provided with a signal generation module for generating a detection signal, a signal amplification module for amplifying and modulating the generated detection signal, a signal transmission module for applying the amplified and modulated signal to the first piezoelectric sensing component, and a signal receiving module for receiving the output signal of the second piezoelectric sensing component.
[0015] The advantages of this invention are:
[0016] 1. The piezoelectric sensing element of this invention consists of a spherical concrete, a mounting plate arranged in a circumferential array on the spherical concrete, and several piezoelectric ceramic sensing units arranged on the mounting plate. This achieves a stable multi-angle distribution of each group of piezoelectric ceramic sensing units in space, which facilitates the subsequent pouring and sealing of the cylindrical tank slurry layer, enhances the excitation signal, and at the same time makes the propagation of stress waves more dispersed in space, which is beneficial for detecting defects at different locations and realizing damage imaging. It replaces the traditional external piezoelectric sheet arranged on the surface of the structure, improves the monitoring range in concrete, and enhances the system's ability to collect and sense structural information.
[0017] 2. This invention prevents brittle damage to the piezoelectric ceramic sphere from external forces by setting a concrete layer on its periphery. The piezoelectric sensing elements are then encapsulated in a cylindrical tank slurry layer, improving protection for each set of piezoelectric sensing elements and extending the device's lifespan. Furthermore, the cylindrical tank slurry layer is similar to concrete materials used in engineering, resulting in acoustic impedance matching, weak reflection and strong transmission of stress waves at the interface, allowing for a longer detection range compared to traditional sensors, thus enhancing the device's monitoring capabilities.
[0018] 3. The present invention uses the insertion and connection of the placement cavity and the wire-threading tube to provide support and protection for the interior of the spherical concrete. At the same time, the mounting hole is coaxially set with the corresponding first screw hole and second screw hole, which facilitates the rapid threading of each group of wires and improves the wiring efficiency with the aircraft carrier plug.
[0019] 4. The present invention generates a detection signal through a signal generation module, amplifies and modulates it through a signal amplification module, and then applies it to a first piezoelectric sensing component through a signal transmission module. The second piezoelectric sensing component receives the signal carrying damage information and transmits it to the signal receiving module in the monitoring and display device. The monitoring and display device extracts and analyzes the damage scattering signal caused by crack defects, providing a data source for imaging damage in reinforced concrete structures and realizing rapid and accurate monitoring of concrete structures.
[0020] 5. When the present invention needs to inspect the concrete structure, the concrete filling columns in the two reserved holes are removed, the first piezoelectric sensing component and the second piezoelectric sensing component are inserted into the two reserved holes, and the two male aircraft plugs are respectively inserted into the corresponding female aircraft plugs. This realizes the rapid assembly of the monitoring device, which is convenient to use. After the monitoring is completed, the two piezoelectric sensing components are removed and the two concrete filling columns are reset, which is convenient for insertion and removal and avoids damage to the piezoelectric sensing components due to prolonged placement in the reserved holes. Attached Figure Description
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a road and bridge concrete structure monitoring device according to the present invention;
[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first piezoelectric sensing component of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the piezoelectric sensing element of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spherical concrete structure of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting plate of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the piezoelectric ceramic sensing unit of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the threading tube of the present invention;
[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the aircraft carrier plug of the present invention;
[0029] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating the working principle of the monitoring and display device of the present invention.
[0030] In the diagram: 1. Monitoring and display equipment; 2. First piezoelectric sensing component; 3. Second piezoelectric sensing component; 4. Piezoelectric sensing element; 5. Slurry layer in cylindrical tank; 6. Spherical concrete; 7. Placement cavity; 8. Mounting groove; 9. Mounting hole; 10. Mounting plate; 11. First screw hole; 12. Cable guide tube; 13. Second screw hole; 14. Piezoelectric ceramic sensing unit; 15. Reserved hole; 16. Concrete filling column; 17. Piezoelectric ceramic spherical shell; 18. Wire; 19. Copper pipe; 20. Externally threaded pipe; 21. Concrete layer; 22. Positioning baffle; 23. Threaded ring; 24. Aircraft female plug; 25. Ring plate; 26. Cable; 27. Aircraft male plug. Detailed Implementation
[0031] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0032] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.
[0033] In this invention, unless otherwise stated, the directional terms such as "up" and "down" generally refer to the directions shown in the accompanying drawings, or to the vertical, perpendicular, or gravitational direction; similarly, for ease of understanding and description, "left" and "right" generally refer to the left and right shown in the accompanying drawings; "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours of each component itself, but the above directional terms are not intended to limit this invention.
[0034] Example 1
[0035] Please see Figure 1-9 The present invention provides the following technical solutions:
[0036] Specifically, it includes a monitoring and display device 1 and a first piezoelectric sensing component 2 and a second piezoelectric sensing component 3 electrically connected to the input and output ends of the monitoring and display device 1, respectively; both the first piezoelectric sensing component 2 and the second piezoelectric sensing component 3 include a piezoelectric sensing element 4 and a cylindrical tank slurry layer 5 for casting and encapsulating the piezoelectric sensing element 4; the piezoelectric sensing element 4 includes: a spherical concrete 6, several mounting plates 10 inserted into the mounting groove 8, a wire guide 12 inserted into the placement cavity 7, and a connector. The piezoelectric ceramic sensing unit 14 is located in the mounting hole 9; the bottom of the spherical concrete 6 has a placement cavity 7, and the circumferential side of the cavity has mounting grooves 8 arranged in a circular array; the bottom surface of the mounting groove 8 has several mounting holes 9; the mounting plate 10 has several first screw holes 11 inside; each side of the wire tube 12 has several second screw holes 13; the mounting hole 9 is coaxially arranged with the corresponding first screw hole 11 and second screw hole 13; the piezoelectric ceramic sensing unit 14 is screwed into the first screw hole 11 and the second screw hole 13 respectively.
[0037] The specific implementation of this embodiment is as follows: The piezoelectric sensing element 4 consists of a spherical concrete 6, a mounting plate 10 arranged in a circumferential array on the spherical concrete 6, and a number of piezoelectric ceramic sensing units 14 arranged on the mounting plate 10. This realizes the stable multi-angle distribution of each group of piezoelectric ceramic sensing units 14 in space, which facilitates the subsequent pouring and sealing of the cylindrical tank slurry layer 5, enhances the excitation signal, and at the same time, the stress wave is more dispersed in space, which is conducive to detecting defects at different locations and realizing damage imaging. It replaces the traditional external piezoelectric sheet arranged on the surface of the structure, improves the monitoring range in the concrete, and enhances the ability of the monitoring and display device 1 to collect and sense the structural information.
[0038] Example 2
[0039] Please see Figure 4-6 This second embodiment is an improvement on the first embodiment. Specifically, the piezoelectric ceramic sensing unit 14 includes: a piezoelectric ceramic spherical shell 17, a copper tube 19, and an externally threaded tube 20 disposed on the circumferential side of the copper tube 19; the piezoelectric ceramic spherical shell 17 is electrically connected to a wire 18; the copper tube 19 is disposed on the piezoelectric ceramic spherical shell 17; the wire 18 passes through the copper tube 19 and extends outward; the externally threaded tube 20 is screwed into the first screw hole 11 and the second screw hole 13 respectively; the externally threaded tube 20 is screwed into the first screw hole 11 and the second screw hole 13 respectively; the circumferential side of the piezoelectric ceramic spherical shell 17 is coated with an epoxy resin filling protective layer and a shielding coating layer from the inside out; a concrete layer 21 is disposed on the circumferential side of the shielding coating layer.
[0040] The specific implementation of this second embodiment is as follows: the external threaded tube 20 is screwed into the first threaded hole 11 and the second threaded hole 13 respectively, so as to fix the wire-threading tube 12 inside the mounting groove 8, thereby improving the connection stability of the device; the epoxy resin filling protective layer is coated to insulate the positive and negative poles and prevent the piezoelectric sheet from short-circuiting; the shielding coating layer can improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the received electrical signal to a certain extent, thereby further improving the monitoring effect of the device.
[0041] Example 3
[0042] Please see Figure 1-3 as well as Figure 6-8 This third embodiment is an improvement on the first embodiment as follows: Specifically, the first piezoelectric sensing component 2 serves as the input signal for concrete structure flaw detection; the second piezoelectric sensing component 3 is used to receive signals carrying damage information and transmit them to the monitoring and display device 1; the bottom of the threading tube 12 is open, and a positioning baffle 22 is provided at its end; the cylindrical slurry layer 5 is placed above the positioning baffle 22 to encapsulate the piezoelectric sensing element 4; a threaded ring 23 is provided inside the threading tube 12; the threaded ring 23 is threaded and rotates with an aircraft carrier... The aircraft mother plug 24 has an annular plate 25 on its back; the annular plate 25 and the threaded ring 23 are screwed together; the aircraft mother plug 24 is electrically connected to each set of wires 18; the input and output ends of the monitoring and display device 1 are electrically connected to cables 26; the ends of the cables 26 are electrically connected to aviation male plugs 27 that are compatible with the aircraft mother plug 24; the monitoring and display device 1 is internally equipped with a signal generation module for generating detection signals, a signal amplification module for amplifying and modulating the generated detection signals, a signal transmission module for applying the amplified and modulated signals to the first piezoelectric sensing component 2, and a signal receiving module for receiving the output signals of the second piezoelectric sensing component 3.
[0043] The specific implementation of this embodiment 3 is as follows: the mounting hole 9 is coaxially arranged with the corresponding first screw hole 11 and second screw hole 13, which facilitates the rapid threading of each group of wires 18 and improves the wiring efficiency with the aircraft mother plug 24; when it is necessary to inspect the concrete structure, the concrete filling column 16 in the two reserved holes 15 is taken out, the first piezoelectric sensing component 2 and the second piezoelectric sensing component 3 are inserted into the two reserved holes 15, and the two aircraft male plugs 27 are respectively inserted into the corresponding aircraft mother plugs 24, realizing the rapid assembly of the monitoring and display device 1; the detection signal is generated by the signal generation module, amplified and modulated by the signal amplification module, and then applied to the first piezoelectric sensing component 2 by the signal transmission module. The second piezoelectric sensing component 3 receives the signal carrying the damage information and transmits it to the signal receiving module in the monitoring and display device 1. The monitoring and display device 1 extracts and analyzes the damage scattering signal caused by the crack defect, providing a data source for imaging the damage of the reinforced concrete structure.
[0044] Obviously, the embodiments described above are merely some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0045] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.
[0046] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.
[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A monitoring device for concrete structures of roads and bridges, comprising a monitoring and display device (1) and a first piezoelectric sensing component (2) and a second piezoelectric sensing component (3) electrically connected to the input and output ends of the monitoring and display device (1), respectively; characterized in that: The first piezoelectric sensing component (2) and the second piezoelectric sensing component (3) both include a piezoelectric sensing element (4) and a cylindrical tank slurry layer (5) for casting and encapsulating the piezoelectric sensing element (4); The piezoelectric sensing element (4) includes: A spherical concrete (6) has a placement cavity (7) at its bottom and mounting grooves (8) arranged in a circular array on its circumferential side surface; the bottom surface of the mounting grooves (8) has several mounting holes (9). A plurality of mounting plates (10) are inserted into the mounting slot (8), and a plurality of first screw holes (11) are opened inside the mounting plate (10); A threading tube (12) is inserted into the placement cavity (7), and each side of the threading tube (12) has a plurality of second screw holes (13); the mounting hole (9) is coaxially arranged with the corresponding first screw hole (11) and second screw hole (13); and The piezoelectric ceramic sensing unit (14) is inserted into the mounting hole (9), and the piezoelectric ceramic sensing unit (14) is screwed into the first screw hole (11) and the second screw hole (13) respectively.
2. The monitoring device for concrete structures of roads and bridges according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first piezoelectric sensing component (2) serves as the input signal for concrete structure flaw detection; the second piezoelectric sensing component (3) is used to receive signals carrying damage information and transmit them to the monitoring and display device (1).
3. The monitoring device for concrete structures of roads and bridges according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first piezoelectric sensing component (2) and the second piezoelectric sensing component (3) are respectively inserted into the concrete; the concrete surface has symmetrically reserved holes (15); the reserved holes (15) are fitted with concrete filling columns (16).
4. The monitoring device for concrete structures of roads and bridges according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piezoelectric ceramic sensing unit (14) includes: A piezoelectric ceramic spherical shell (17) is electrically connected to a wire (18); A copper tube (19) is disposed on the piezoelectric ceramic sphere (17); a wire (18) extends outward through the copper tube (19); and The external threaded tube (20) is provided on the circumferential side of the copper tube (19), and the external threaded tube (20) is screwed into the first screw hole (11) and the second screw hole (13) respectively.
5. A monitoring device for concrete structures of roads and bridges according to claim 4, characterized in that: The piezoelectric ceramic spherical shell (17) is coated with an epoxy resin filling protective layer and a shielding coating layer from the inside to the outside; a concrete layer (21) is provided on the periphery of the shielding coating layer.
6. The monitoring device for concrete structures of roads and bridges according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the threading tube (12) is open and the end of it is provided with a positioning baffle (22); the cylindrical tank slurry layer (5) is placed above the positioning baffle (22) to encapsulate the piezoelectric sensing element (4).
7. A monitoring device for concrete structures of roads and bridges according to claim 6, characterized in that: The threaded tube (12) is provided with a threaded ring (23) inside; the threaded ring (23) is threadedly rotatably fitted with an aircraft carrier plug (24); the back of the aircraft carrier plug (24) is provided with an annular plate (25); the annular plate (25) is threadedly rotatably fitted with the threaded ring (23); the aircraft carrier plug (24) is electrically connected to each group of wires (18).
8. A monitoring device for concrete structures of roads and bridges according to claim 7, characterized in that: The monitoring and display device (1) has cables (26) electrically connected to both its input and output ends; the ends of the cables (26) are electrically connected to aviation male connectors (27) that are compatible with the aircraft female connector (24).
9. A monitoring device for concrete structures of roads and bridges according to claim 8, characterized in that: The monitoring and display device (1) is internally equipped with a signal generation module for generating detection signals, a signal amplification module for amplifying and modulating the generated detection signals, a signal transmission module for applying the amplified and modulated signals to the first piezoelectric sensing component (2), and a signal receiving module for receiving the output signals of the second piezoelectric sensing component (3).