Tunnel excavation emergency protection device

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of tunnel construction, and a specific scheme is an emergency protection device for tunnel excavation, which comprises an excavation trolley, a protection cover assembly, a driving assembly, a spreading assembly and a hoisting assembly arranged on the excavation trolley. The protection cover assembly is composed of multiple protective plates. The protective plates are arched, and a protective channel is formed on the inner side of the protective plates along the length direction. The adjacent protective plates are connected through flexible ropes. The protective plates are stacked on the hoisting assembly and are locked. The driving assembly is used to unlock the protective plates. The protective plates are unfolded along the spreading assembly, so that the multiple protective channels are connected head to tail. The emergency protection device is arranged based on the excavation trolley. The protection cover assembly is unlocked through the driving assembly. Multiple protective plates are unfolded through the spreading assembly, so as to form a protective channel. The construction personnel on the working face can evacuate from the dangerous area of the working face through the protective channel, which provides safety protection for the construction personnel on the working face and reduces the risk of personnel casualties.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel construction, and specifically relates to an emergency protection device for tunnel excavation. Background Technology

[0002] Geological disasters may occur during tunnel excavation, especially at the working face where a large number of workers are concentrated. If rock bursts, collapses, or roof falls occur, personal injury can be very likely. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides an emergency protection device for tunnel excavation to solve the above-mentioned problems. The specific technical solution includes an excavation trolley, a protective cover assembly, a drive assembly, a spreading assembly, and a hoisting assembly mounted on the excavation trolley. The protective cover assembly consists of multiple protective plates, each of which is arched and forms a protective channel along its length on its inner side. Adjacent protective plates are connected by flexible ropes. The protective plates are stacked on the hoisting assembly and locked. The drive assembly is used to unlock the protective plates. The protective plates are spread along the spreading assembly to connect the multiple protective channels end to end.

[0004] Furthermore, the hoisting assembly includes a vertical connecting rod and a placement platform. The protective plates are stacked on the placement platform. The vertical connecting rod is connected to the excavation trolley. One end of the placement platform is connected to the vertical connecting rod, and the other end is connected to the spreading assembly through a connecting block. The placement platform is set obliquely downward toward the spreading assembly.

[0005] The placement platform is equipped with a stop bar fixed to the excavation trolley above the side near the spreading component. A gap is left between the lower end of the stop bar and the platform surface for the guard plate to pass through. A locking mechanism is provided in the gap, and the locking mechanism is unlocked by a drive component.

[0006] Furthermore, the spreading assembly includes a flipping rod, a track rope, and a fixing stake. The lower end of the flipping rod is hinged to the connecting block, and a pulley assembly is provided at the upper end of the flipping rod.

[0007] The spreading assembly includes two track ropes. One end of each track rope passes around the pulley assembly, passes through a slot on the flipping rod, and then passes around the hinge at the lower end of the flipping rod to connect with the drive assembly. The other end of each track rope is connected to a fixed stake set on the ground.

[0008] Furthermore, the spreading assembly also includes a state locking spring, a first connector is provided on the side wall of the flipping rod, a second connector is provided on the connecting block, and the two ends of the state locking spring are respectively connected to the first connector and the second connector.

[0009] Furthermore, the locking mechanism includes a locking rod and a return spring. The locking rod is L-shaped, and a cavity matching the locking rod is provided in the connecting block. The locking rod is nested in the connecting block. One end of the locking rod extends along the placement platform to prevent the guard plate from sliding off the placement platform, and the other end extends along the lower end of the flipping rod.

[0010] The reset spring is disposed in the cavity and abuts against the locking rod, so that the end of the locking rod near the placement platform remains extended.

[0011] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a slide bar, a drive mechanism, a power storage assembly, and an operating assembly;

[0012] The two ends of the slide bar are respectively connected to the connecting block and the vertical connecting rod;

[0013] The drive mechanism includes a sleeve, a housing, and a winding wheel disposed inside the housing. The sleeve is disposed above the housing. The drive mechanism is sleeved on the slide rod through the sleeve, and the track rope is wound around the winding wheel.

[0014] The power storage component includes two elastic ropes. One end of each elastic rope is fixedly connected to the connecting block, and the other end is connected to the inner side of the first guard plate. A hanging rod is provided on the inner side of the first guard plate, and the other end of the elastic rope is hung on the hanging rod.

[0015] A drive spring is sleeved on the slide rod, and the drive spring is disposed between the connecting block and the sleeve joint;

[0016] The operating component is located below the cover. The operating component includes a limiting arm and a rotating arm. The limiting arm is rotatably connected to the connecting block and the vertical connection. The rotating arm is connected to the limiting arm to drive the limiting arm to rotate.

[0017] The limiting arm is provided with a limiting half-ring, and the cover is provided with a limiting protrusion. The limiting half-ring abuts against the limiting protrusion. By rotating the rotating arm, the limiting arm is driven to rotate, thereby causing the limiting half-ring to disengage from the limiting protrusion.

[0018] Furthermore, the winding wheel includes a shaft, two spools, a crank handle, and a push spring;

[0019] One end of the rotating shaft is connected to the crank handle, and a bearing is provided on the inner wall of the cover away from the crank handle. The other end of the rotating shaft is sleeved on the inner ring of the bearing and has a clearance for the rotating shaft to move left and right.

[0020] The push spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft and located on the side near the bearing. One end of the push spring abuts against the outer wall of the spool and the other end abuts against the inner ring of the bearing. A first meshing tooth is provided on the outer wall of the spool near the crank handle. A second meshing tooth is provided on the inner wall of the cover near the crank handle. The first meshing tooth and the second meshing tooth match each other. By pushing the spool to the left, the first meshing tooth and the second meshing tooth disengage from the meshing state.

[0021] The housing is equipped with a delayed-push assembly, which includes a fixed cover, a piston, a sliding cover, a push rod, an unlocking spring, and a limit lock. The fixed cover is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the housing, the sliding cover is sleeved on the fixed cover, and the piston is located inside the fixed cover. One end of the push rod is connected to the inner wall of the sliding cover end, and the other end passes through the piston and the housing wall, abutting against the right side of the spool. The push rod is fixedly connected to the piston, and an air chamber is formed between the outer wall of the housing, the inner wall of the fixed cover, and the piston. A [missing information - likely a feature or design feature] is provided on the housing wall. The air chamber has an exhaust hole; one end of the unlocking spring is connected to the inner wall of the sliding cover end, and the other end is connected to the fixed cover; the unlocking spring is in a stretched state; the limiting lock includes a latching section and an unlocking section; the latching section is located on the periphery of the fixed cover and abuts against the opening end face of the sliding cover; the latching section is provided with two steps for abutting against the opening end face of the sliding cover, the two steps are set at different heights and transition through a slope; the unlocking section extends out of the cover; the excavation trolley is provided with a top block corresponding to the position of the unlocking section.

[0022] Furthermore, rollers are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the guard plate along the top line of the guard plate.

[0023] Furthermore, a wire cavity is formed along the top line inside the wall of the protective plate. One end of the flexible rope passes through the wire cavity and is connected to one end of a retraction spring set in the wire cavity. The other end of the flexible rope is connected to the end of the protective plate above the current protective plate, and the other end of the retraction spring is fixed in the wire cavity.

[0024] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: Based on the excavation trolley, an emergency protection device is set up. The protective cover component is unlocked by the drive component, and multiple protective plates are unfolded by the laying component to form a protective channel. The construction personnel at the working face can evacuate from the dangerous area of ​​the working face through the protective channel, which provides safety protection for the construction personnel at the working face and reduces the risk of casualties. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the emergency protection device placed in a tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the emergency protection device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the emergency protection device protective cover assembly placed on the hoisting assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a portion of the structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the driving component and part of the spreading component structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drive component not being released in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drive component after release in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the driving component structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the drive mechanism structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the drive mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the protective plate sectioned along the top line in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the protective plate structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the placement platform and flipping rod structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage component structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram showing the unfolded state of the protective cover assembly in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] 10-Excavation trolley; 20-Protective cover assembly; 21-Guard plate; 211-Roller; 212-Cavity; 213-Recovery spring; 214-First guard plate; 22-Flexible rope; 30-Spreading assembly; 31-Tilting rod; 311-Pulley assembly; 312-Through groove; 32-Railway rope; 33-Fixing pile; 34-State locking spring; 41-Vertical connecting rod; 411-Top block; 42-Placement platform; 43-Connecting block; 431-Cavity; 50-Drive assembly; 51-Slide rod; 521-Cover; 522- Crank handle; 523-Socket; 53-Elastic rope; 541-Limit arm; 542-Rotating arm; 55-Drive spring; 56-Delayed push assembly; 561-Fixed cover; 562-Piston; 563-Sliding cover; 564-Push rod; 565-Unlocking spring; 567-Exhaust hole; 568-Limit lock; 57-Limit protrusion; 58-Limit half ring; 61-Locking rod; 62-Reset spring; 71-Push spring; 72-First meshing tooth; 73-Second meshing tooth; 74-Rotating shaft; 75-Spool. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0043] like Figure 1-15 As shown, an emergency protection device for tunnel excavation includes an excavation trolley 10, a protective cover assembly 20, a drive assembly 50, a spreading assembly 30, and a hoisting assembly mounted on the excavation trolley 10. The protective cover assembly 20 consists of multiple protective plates 21, which are arched and form protective channels along their length on their inner side. Adjacent protective plates 21 are connected by flexible ropes 22. The protective plates 21 are stacked on the hoisting assembly and locked. The drive assembly 50 is used to unlock the protective plates 21. The protective plates 21 are spread along the spreading assembly 30 to connect the multiple protective channels end to end.

[0044] Excavation at the working face disturbs the surrounding rock. Since initial support has not yet been implemented during the excavation phase, and workers are relatively concentrated at the working face, the likelihood of geological disasters is significantly higher than in sections with existing support, threatening personal safety. The excavation trolley 10 serves as the working platform for the working face and has its own protective function. Using the excavation trolley 10 as the starting point for protection, the protective cover assembly 20 is deployed, connecting the protective channels of multiple protective plates 21. In case of an emergency near the working face, workers operate the drive assembly 50 to unlock the protective plates 21, forming an escape channel. They can then enter the channel from under the excavation trolley 10. The entire process provides protection, allowing personnel to evacuate the dangerous area of ​​the working face through the escape channel, greatly reducing the threat of geological disasters at the working face to personal safety.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment, the hoisting assembly includes a vertical connecting rod 41 and a placement platform 42. The guard plate 21 is stacked on the placement platform 42. The vertical connecting rod 41 is connected to the excavation trolley 10. One end of the placement platform 42 is connected to the vertical connecting rod 41, and the other end is connected to the spreading assembly 30 through the connecting block 43. The placement platform 42 is set obliquely downward toward the spreading assembly 30.

[0046] A stop bar fixed to the excavation trolley 10 is provided above the side of the placement platform 42 near the spreading component 30. A gap is left between the lower end of the stop bar and the platform surface of the placement platform 42 for the guard plate 21 to pass through. A locking mechanism is provided in the gap, and the locking mechanism is unlocked by the drive component 50.

[0047] The placement platform 42 is mainly used to stack the protective plates 21. The vertical connecting rod 41, the stop bar and the locking mechanism surround the stacked protective plates 21 on the placement platform 42 to form a temporary stable state. The placement platform 42 is set at an angle, which is conducive to the unfolding of the protective plates 21 by the unfolding component 30.

[0048] As a preferred embodiment, the spreading component 30 includes a flipping rod 31, a track rope 32, and a fixing post 33. The lower end of the flipping rod 31 is hinged to the connecting block 43, and the upper end of the flipping rod 31 is provided with a pulley assembly 311, which consists of two fixed pulleys. The two fixed pulleys are connected by a shaft set along the rotation center, and the two track ropes 32 pass around the two fixed pulleys respectively.

[0049] The spreading component 30 includes two track ropes 32. One end of each track rope 32 passes around the pulley assembly 311 and then through the through slot 312 provided on the flipping rod 31. That is, the flipping rod 31 has two through slots 312 respectively corresponding to the two track ropes 32. Then, it passes around the hinge at the lower end of the flipping rod 31 and connects to the drive component 50. The other end is connected to the fixed stake 33 provided on the ground. The two track ropes 32 are in a parallel state between the fixed stake 33 and the pulley assembly 311 to accommodate the sliding of the guard plate 21 on it.

[0050] The flipping rod 31 serves as an intermediate connector and is in a vertical state when there is no emergency. Its main function is to raise the height of the track rope 32 and the traction rope at this location, reducing the impact on the working face's workspace. At the same time, the presence of the flipping rod 31 allows the guard plate 21 to slide on the flipping rod 31. Since the flipping rod 31 is rigid, the guard plate 21 will slide faster at the beginning than if it directly enters the track rope 32, which is conducive to the unfolding of the guard plate 21. The drive component 50 drives the track rope 32, which in turn drives the flipping rod 31 to rotate, turning it into a downward angled state.

[0051] To ensure the stability of the protective panel 21 in various states, including stacking, spreading, and forming an escape route, a specific design is needed for the shape of the protective panel 21, along with a matching placement platform 42 and track rope 32. A conventional design approach can be adopted here. One design scheme is as follows: Figure 12 As shown, the cross-section of the placement platform 42 is trapezoidal, and the inner part of the guard plate 21 near the top matches the shape and size of the placement platform 42 to ensure the stability of the stacking state. In order to improve the stability of the guard plate 21 when it is laid along the track rope 32, a groove is opened on the inner wall of the guard plate 21 to match the position and size of the track rope 32. When the guard plate 21 slides along the track rope 32, the track rope 32 is partially embedded in the groove, thereby ensuring the stable laying of the guard plate 21.

[0052] As a preferred embodiment, the spreading assembly 30 also includes a state locking spring 34. A first connector is provided on the side wall of the flipping rod 31, and a second connector is provided on the connecting block 43. The two ends of the state locking spring 34 are connected to the first connector and the second connector, respectively. In both the vertical and diagonally downward states of the flipping rod 31, the force applied by the state locking spring 34 is conducive to maintaining the state of the flipping rod 31.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment, the locking mechanism includes a locking rod 61 and a return spring 62. The locking rod 61 is L-shaped. A cavity 431 matching the locking rod 61 is provided in the connecting block 43. The locking rod 61 is nested in the connecting block 43. One end of the locking rod 61 extends along the placement platform 42 to prevent the guard plate 21 from sliding off the placement platform 42, and the other end extends along the lower end of the flipping rod 31.

[0054] The reset spring 62 is disposed in the cavity 431 and abuts against the locking rod 61, so that the end of the locking rod 61 near the placement platform 42 remains extended.

[0055] After the flipping rod 31 rotates downward to the horizontal position, it abuts against the locking rod 61. At this time, the flipping rod 31 will continue to rotate downward. The amount of rotation is very small. It mainly moves the locking rod 61 downward, thereby unlocking the obstruction of the guard plate 21. The above process is actually the driving component 50 driving the track rope 32 to make the flipping rod 31 rotate downward, and then the flipping rod 31 unlocks the locking mechanism. It is an indirect unlocking process, and of course, it also forms a linkage.

[0056] As a preferred embodiment, the drive assembly 50 includes a slide bar 51, a drive mechanism, a power storage assembly, and an operating assembly;

[0057] The two ends of the slide rod 51 are respectively connected to the connecting block 43 and the vertical connecting rod 41;

[0058] The drive mechanism includes a sleeve 523, a housing 521, and a winding wheel disposed inside the housing 521. The sleeve 523 is disposed above the housing 521. The drive mechanism is sleeved on the slide rod 51 through the sleeve 523, and the track rope 32 is wound around the winding wheel.

[0059] The power storage component includes two elastic ropes 53. One end of the two elastic ropes 53 is fixedly connected to the connecting block 43, and the other end is connected to the inner side of the first guard plate 214. The first guard plate 214 refers to the bottommost guard plate 21 stacked on the placement platform 42. A hanging rod is provided on the inner side of the guard plate 21, and the other end of the elastic rope 53 is hung on the hanging rod.

[0060] A drive spring 55 is sleeved on the slide rod 51. The drive spring 55 is located between the connecting block 43 and the sleeve joint 523. The two ends of the drive spring 55 abut against the connecting block 43 and the sleeve joint 523 respectively.

[0061] The operating component is located below the cover 521. The operating component includes a limiting arm 541 and a rotating arm 542. The limiting arm 541 is rotatably connected to the connecting block 43 and the vertical connecting rod 41. The rotating arm 542 is connected to the limiting arm 541 to drive the limiting arm 541 to rotate.

[0062] A limiting half-ring 58 is provided on the limiting arm 541, which is fixed in a semi-circular shape on the limiting arm 541. A limiting protrusion 57 is provided on the cover 521. The limiting half-ring 58 abuts against the limiting protrusion 57. By rotating the rotating arm 542, the limiting arm 541 is rotated, thereby causing the limiting half-ring 58 to disengage from the limiting protrusion 57. After the limiting half-ring 58 disengages from the limiting protrusion 57, under the action of the driving spring 55, the entire driving mechanism moves to the right, thereby driving the track rope 32. Here, "to the right" refers to the direction of the driving mechanism away from the connecting block 43. The track rope 32 presses down the flipping rod 31, and the flipping rod 31 presses down the locking rod 61, thereby releasing the lock on the guard plate 21 on the placement platform 42. The first guard plate 214 is pushed out under the action of the power storage component. Under the drive of the flexible rope 22, the subsequent guard plates 21 are continuously brought out, thereby completing the unfolding.

[0063] As a preferred embodiment, the winding wheel includes a shaft 74, two spools 75, a crank handle 522, and a push spring 71;

[0064] There are two flat track ropes 32, so two bobbins 75 are also set on the corresponding winding reel. Specifically, two bobbins 75 are set on the rotating shaft 74 to form the winding reel. Figure 8 The image shows two spools 75 sharing the same side plate;

[0065] One end of the rotating shaft 74 is connected to the crank handle 522. A bearing is provided on the inner wall of the cover 521 away from the crank handle 522. The other end of the rotating shaft 74 is fitted into the inner ring of the bearing and has a clearance for the rotating shaft 74 to move left and right. Moving to the left means the rotating shaft 74 moves toward the bearing side, and moving to the right means the rotating shaft 74 moves toward the crank handle 522 side.

[0066] The push spring 71 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 74 and located on the side near the bearing. One end of the push spring 71 abuts against the outer wall of the spool 75 and the other end abuts against the inner ring of the bearing. The bearing is not shown in the figure. A first meshing tooth 72 is provided on the outer wall of the spool 75 near the crank handle 522. A second meshing tooth 73 is provided on the inner wall of the cover 521 near the crank handle 522. The first meshing tooth 72 and the second meshing tooth 73 are matched with each other. By pushing the spool 75 to the left, the first meshing tooth 72 and the second meshing tooth 73 are disengaged.

[0067] A delayed-push assembly 56 is provided on the housing 521. The delayed-push assembly 56 includes a fixed cover 561, a piston 562, a sliding cover 563, a push rod 564, an unlocking spring 565, and a limit lock 568. The fixed cover 561 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the housing 521. The sliding cover 563 is sleeved on the fixed cover 561. The piston 562 is located inside the fixed cover 561. One end of the push rod 564 is connected to the inner wall of the end of the sliding cover 563, and the other end passes through the piston 562 and the wall of the housing 521 and abuts against the side wall of the spool 75. The push rod 564 is fixedly connected to the piston 562. The outer wall of the housing 521, the inner wall of the fixed cover 561, and the piston are all connected together. An air chamber is formed between 562, and an exhaust hole 567 for the air chamber is opened on the wall of the cover 521. One end of the unlocking spring 565 is connected to the inner wall of the end of the sliding cover 563, and the other end is connected to the fixed cover 561. The unlocking spring 565 is in a stretched state. The limit lock 568 includes a latching section and an unlocking section. The latching section is set on the periphery of the fixed cover 561 and abuts against the opening end face of the sliding cover 563. The latching section is provided with two steps for abutting against the opening end face of the sliding cover 563. The two steps are set at different heights and transition through the slope. The unlocking section extends out of the cover 521. A top block 411 corresponding to the position of the unlocking section is provided on the excavation trolley 10.

[0068] The drive mechanism moves to the right until the end of the slide rod 51 is near the vertical connecting rod 41. The top block 411 pushes the limit lock 568, causing the contact part of the opening end face of the sliding cover 563 to move from the latching section to the unlocking section. Under the action of the unlocking spring 565, the sliding cover 563 moves towards the cover 521, thereby pushing the push rod 564 and moving the piston 562 together. The push rod 564 pushes the spool 75 to the left. During the movement, the space in the air chamber needs to be compressed, which will hinder the movement of the push rod 564. The air chamber is only provided with a small exhaust hole 567, and the exhaust process is relatively slow, which slows down the process of the push rod 564 pushing the spool 75. This controls the unlocking delay between the first meshing tooth 72 and the second meshing tooth 73. The purpose is that when the operator pushes the rotating arm 542, the drive mechanism moves to the right. Under the action of the track rope 32, the flipping rod 31 rotates downward, thereby unlocking the guard plate 21. The traction motor retracts the traction rope, carrying the guard plate 21 along the track rope 32 towards the fixed pile 33. Once the guard plate 21 slides onto the track rope 32, under the action of gravity, the drive mechanism is gradually pulled back to the side closer to the connecting block 43. The track rope 32 droops slightly, and one guard plate 21 near the fixed pile 33 can fall to the ground to resist the impact force of the rear guard plate 21 on the front guard plate 21. When the guard plate 21 is basically laid out, the delayed pushing component 56 is released, and the push rod 564 pushes against the spool 75 to disengage the first meshing tooth 72 from the second meshing tooth 73. Under the action of gravity of the guard plate 21, the track rope 32 exits the spool 75, and the guard plate 21 also falls to the ground, thus forming a shape on the ground like... Figure 15The escape route shown starts from the excavation trolley 10.

[0069] As a preferred embodiment, rollers 211 are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the guard plate 21 along the top line of the guard plate 21. The top line of the guard plate 21 is a virtual line, which refers to the axis located at the top of the guard plate 21 along the direction of the inner protective channel of the guard plate 21. It can be understood as the line of symmetry of the guard plate 21. The rollers 211 are symmetrical in space. The arrangement of rollers 211 reduces the friction between the lower guard plate 21 and the upper guard plate 21 when the lower guard plate 21 is pulled out, which is conducive to the guard plates 21 being pulled out one by one.

[0070] As a preferred embodiment, a wire cavity 212 is formed in the wall of the guard plate 21 along the top line. One end of the flexible rope 22 passes through the wire cavity 212 and is connected to one end of the recovery spring 213 set in the wire cavity 212. The other end of the flexible rope 22 is connected to the end of the guard plate 21 above the current guard plate 21, and the other end of the recovery spring 213 is fixed in the wire cavity 212.

[0071] As the protective plate 21 is deployed, the force applied by the retraction spring 213 after the front protective plate 21 stops sliding will create a certain traction effect on the rear protective plate 21, which is conducive to the closure of the escape passage. Furthermore, under the action of the retraction spring 213, most of the flexible rope 22 will retract into the wire cavity 212, which can reduce the length of the flexible rope 22 hanging in the protective passage and reduce the impact on the space inside the escape passage.

[0072] The above embodiments are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, alterations, alterations, or substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel excavation emergency protection device, characterized in that: The excavation trolley, the protection cover assembly, the driving assembly, the spreading assembly and the lifting assembly arranged on the excavation trolley, the protection cover assembly is composed of a plurality of protection plates, the protection plates are arched, the protection channels are formed on the inner sides of the protection plates along the length direction, the adjacent protection plates are connected through flexible ropes, the protection plates are stacked on the lifting assembly and locked, the driving assembly is used for unlocking the protection plates, the protection plates are unfolded along the spreading assembly so that the plurality of protection channels are connected in series, and the lifting assembly comprises a vertical connecting rod and a placing table. The protection plates are stacked on the placing table, the vertical connecting rod is connected with the excavation trolley, one end of the placing table is connected with the vertical connecting rod, and the other end is connected with the spreading assembly through a connecting block, and the placing table is obliquely arranged downward towards the spreading assembly. The upper side of the side of the placing table close to the spreading assembly is provided with a stop rod fixed on the excavation trolley, a gap is left between the lower end of the stop rod and the table top of the placing table for the protection plates to pass through, a locking mechanism is arranged at the gap, and the locking mechanism is unlocked through the driving assembly.

2. The tunnel excavation emergency protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spreading assembly comprises a turnover rod, a track rope and a fixed stake, the lower end of the turnover rod is hinged on the connecting block, and the upper end of the turnover rod is provided with a pulley assembly. The spreading assembly comprises two track ropes, one end of the two track ropes passes through the pulley assembly, passes through a through slot arranged on the turnover rod, then passes through the hinge part of the lower end of the turnover rod and is connected with the driving assembly, and the other end is connected with the fixed stake arranged on the ground.

3. The tunnel excavation emergency protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spreading assembly further comprises a state locking spring, a first connecting head is arranged on the side wall of the turnover rod, a second connecting head is arranged on the connecting block, and the two ends of the state locking spring are connected with the first connecting head and the second connecting head respectively.

4. The tunnel excavation emergency protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking mechanism comprises a locking rod and a reset spring, the locking rod is L-shaped, a cavity matched with the locking rod is arranged in the connecting block, the locking rod is nested in the connecting block, one end of the locking rod extends out along the placing table to block the protection plates from sliding off the placing table, and the other end of the locking rod extends out along the lower end of the turnover rod. The reset spring is arranged in the cavity and abuts against the locking rod, so that the end of the locking rod close to the placing table is kept in the extended state.

5. The tunnel excavation emergency shielding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises a sliding rod, a driving mechanism, a force storage assembly and an operating assembly. The two ends of the sliding rod are connected with the connecting block and the vertical connecting rod respectively. The driving mechanism comprises a sleeve joint, a cover and a winding wheel arranged in the cover, the sleeve joint is arranged above the cover, the driving mechanism is sleeved on the sliding rod through the sleeve joint, and the track rope is wound on the winding wheel. The force storage assembly comprises two elastic ropes, one end of the two elastic ropes is fixedly connected with the connecting block, and the other end is connected with the inner side of the first protection plate, the inner side of the first protection plate is provided with a hanging rod, and the other end of the elastic rope is hung on the hanging rod. The driving spring is sleeved on the sliding rod, and the driving spring is arranged between the connecting block and the sleeve joint. The operating component is located below the cover. The operating component includes a limiting arm and a rotating arm. The limiting arm is rotatably connected to the connecting block and the vertical connection. The rotating arm is connected to the limiting arm to drive the limiting arm to rotate. The limiting arm is provided with a limiting half-ring, and the cover is provided with a limiting protrusion. The limiting half-ring abuts against the limiting protrusion. By rotating the rotating arm, the limiting arm is driven to rotate, thereby causing the limiting half-ring to disengage from the limiting protrusion.

6. The tunnel excavation emergency shielding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The winding wheel includes a shaft, two spools, a crank handle, and a push spring; One end of the rotating shaft is connected to the crank handle, and a bearing is provided on the inner wall of the cover away from the crank handle. The other end of the rotating shaft is sleeved on the inner ring of the bearing and has a clearance for the rotating shaft to move left and right. The push spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft and located on the side near the bearing. One end of the push spring abuts against the outer wall of the spool and the other end abuts against the inner ring of the bearing. A first meshing tooth is provided on the outer wall of the spool near the crank handle. A second meshing tooth is provided on the inner wall of the cover near the crank handle. The first meshing tooth and the second meshing tooth match each other. By pushing the spool to the left, the first meshing tooth and the second meshing tooth disengage from the meshing state. The housing is equipped with a delayed-push assembly, which includes a fixed cover, a piston, a sliding cover, a push rod, an unlocking spring, and a limit lock. The fixed cover is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the housing, the sliding cover is sleeved on the fixed cover, and the piston is located inside the fixed cover. One end of the push rod is connected to the inner wall of the sliding cover end, and the other end passes through the piston and the housing wall, abutting against the right side of the spool. The push rod is fixedly connected to the piston, and an air chamber is formed between the outer wall of the housing, the inner wall of the fixed cover, and the piston. A [missing information - likely a feature or design feature] is provided on the housing wall. The air chamber has an exhaust hole; one end of the unlocking spring is connected to the inner wall of the sliding cover end, and the other end is connected to the fixed cover, with the unlocking spring in a stretched state; the limiting latch includes a latching section and an unlocking section; the latching section is located on the periphery of the fixed cover and abuts against the opening end face of the sliding cover; the latching section is provided with two steps for abutting against the opening end face of the sliding cover, with the two steps being of different heights and transitioning through a slope; the unlocking section extends out of the cover; and the excavation trolley is provided with a top block corresponding to the position of the unlocking section.

7. The tunnel excavation emergency shielding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Rollers are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the guard plate along the top line of the guard plate.

8. The tunnel excavation emergency shielding device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A wire cavity is formed along the top line inside the wall of the guard plate. One end of the flexible rope passes through the wire cavity and is connected to one end of a retraction spring set in the wire cavity. The other end of the flexible rope is connected to the end of the guard plate above the current guard plate. The other end of the retraction spring is fixed in the wire cavity.

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