Replaceable fiber laser machining tool holder

Abstract

The application relates to the field of fiber laser processing, and discloses a replaceable fiber laser processing tool holder. The main body comprises a replaceable tool holder (1), a light spot adjusting system (3), a light spot compensating system (4) and a tool holder shell (2). The replaceable tool holder (1) adopts a BT40 standard tool holder and is bolted to the shell main body (19). The internal optical system is composed of the light spot adjusting system (3) and the light spot compensating system (4) and is driven by two groups of brushless motors (5a / 5b), so that the laser is free from disassembly and focusing and precise focusing are realized. The application is based on the high precision of a numerical control machine tool, provides an additional processing mode for the numerical control machine tool, has high universality, can realize high-precision non-contact focusing, the tool holder shell plays the functions of supporting and fixing, and provides a clean and closed working environment for the internal optical instrument.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser processing, specifically to a replaceable fiber laser processing tool holder. Background Technology

[0002] Laser processing technology, as one of the major inventions of the 20th century, has opened up new avenues for the advancement of human processing technology. Essentially, laser processing is a thermal processing method that uses a laser beam to act on the surface of an object to change its shape, properties, or remove material. With in-depth research into laser processing technology, it is being applied in an increasing number of fields. Compared with traditional processing methods, laser processing has significant advantages, including high efficiency, high quality, high precision, low pollution, and low byproducts. Currently, many mature and specialized equipment have emerged in the market, such as laser cutting machines, laser welding machines, laser marking machines, laser engraving machines, and laser rapid prototyping machines. Mainstream laser processing equipment generally consists of a laser generator, an optical lens system, a processing platform, and a control system. However, most current laser processing equipment is specifically designed for the function and method of laser processing and is then combined with other equipment to form dedicated special processing equipment. This type of laser processing equipment can only perform single laser processing and cannot perform traditional turning or milling processes. Furthermore, the equipment is expensive, and the processing range and precision of parts are limited, making it difficult for most companies to accept, thus creating a pain point in laser processing technology.

[0003] To address this, the present invention presents a replaceable fiber laser processing tool holder. This invention integrates the optical system of traditional laser processing equipment, meeting the functional requirements of laser processing, while also incorporating a replaceable tool holder that can be installed on multi-axis CNC machine tools, identical to machine tool cutting tools. This adds laser processing functionality to the machine tool without affecting its normal processing capabilities or design structure. It not only reduces the design and customization costs of laser processing machine tools but also minimizes positioning errors caused by frequent laser disassembly and reassembly. This fundamentally improves the processing capabilities of machine tools, effectively enhances processing efficiency, improves process selection during parts processing, and provides new ideas for the development of lasers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a replaceable fiber laser processing tool holder. This invention has the advantage of easy installation and can reduce the installation errors caused by frequent disassembly and assembly of traditional lasers. It also solves the problem that existing laser processing equipment can only perform single laser processing and cannot perform traditional turning and milling processes.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] To achieve the above design objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a replaceable fiber laser processing tool holder, comprising four parts: a replaceable tool holder, a tool holder housing, a beam adjustment system, and a beam compensation system. The replaceable tool holder structure serves as the connection medium between the fiber laser cutting tool holder and the machine tool, used for connection with different machine tool models and ensuring processing accuracy. The beam adjustment system mainly changes the diameter of the output beam of the fiber laser cutting tool holder by altering the distance between the laser lenses. The beam compensation system fine-tunes and compensates for the beam diameter output by the laser by fine-tuning the laser lens spacing. The tool holder housing serves as the support system for the entire fiber laser cutting tool holder, its main function being to improve overall rigidity, prevent liquid and dust infiltration to protect the internal optical system and motor of the tool holder, and achieve the waterproof and dustproof function of the present invention.

[0007] A replaceable fiber laser processing tool holder comprises four parts: a replaceable tool holder, a beam adjustment system, a beam compensation system, and a tool holder housing. The replaceable tool holder is bolted to the upper housing seat of the tool holder housing. The upper housing seat is connected to the housing body. A rectangular positioning groove at the lower part of the upper housing seat is connected to a reflector seat. A limiting hole on the side of the upper housing seat is connected to a QBH connector, and the QBH connector is constrained by a threaded hole on the side of the housing body. The top of the fixing cylinder of the beam adjustment system is threaded to a threaded hole at the bottom of the upper housing seat, and the bottom of the fixing cylinder of the beam adjustment system is threaded to the top of the compensation fixing cylinder of the beam compensation system. A focusing nozzle is threaded to the housing body, and the focusing nozzle is threaded to the compensation fixing cylinder of the beam compensation system. These components work together to constrain the beam adjustment system and the beam compensation system, ensuring their coaxiality and locking their vertical position.

[0008] Furthermore, the replaceable tool holder and the upper outer shell are bolted together by eight M5 bolts. In order to ensure coaxiality during mating, the joint is designed with a trapezoidal structure to ensure assembly accuracy.

[0009] Furthermore, the tool holder housing includes: an upper housing base and a housing body. The upper housing base is pin-connected to the housing body via a bottom pin hole. To ensure the dustproof and waterproof performance of the fiber laser processing tool holder of the present invention, a pre-reserved groove is designed in the bottom connecting part of the upper housing base, and a waterproof gasket is installed in the groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the reflector mount is installed in the rectangular groove at the bottom of the upper housing, and the reflector is installed in the cylindrical groove at the bottom of the reflector mount. The lens cover is threadedly connected to the reflector mount and constrains the reflector. Simultaneously, its vertical position is constrained by the connection between the upper housing and the beam adjustment system. This ensures a 45° angle between the reflector and the incident laser beam.

[0011] Furthermore, the QBH connector is threadedly connected to the box beam with the limiting hole on the side of the upper outer shell seat, and the QBH connector is threadedly connected to the threaded hole on the side of the outer shell body, thereby constraining it and ensuring the collimation of the laser beam.

[0012] Furthermore, the light spot adjustment system includes: a rotating cylinder, a fixed cylinder, a first movable mirror mount, a first cylindrical roller pin, a fixed mirror mount, and a first brushless motor. The rotating cylinder is fitted onto the fixed cylinder and constrained by the cooperation between the light spot adjustment system and the upper outer casing. The stator of the first brushless motor is fixedly connected to the fixed cylinder, and the rotor is fixedly connected to the rotating cylinder. The first movable mirror mount is threadedly connected to the first cylindrical roller pin, which is connected to the upper limit groove of the fixed cylinder and the upper spiral groove of the rotating cylinder, thus constraining the movement of the first movable mirror mount. The fixed mirror mount is connected to the bottom groove of the fixed cylinder, and its position is constrained by the connection between the fixed cylinder and the compensating fixed cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, the beam spot compensation system includes: a compensation rotating cylinder, a compensation fixed cylinder, a second movable lens mount, a second cylindrical roller pin, a focusing lens mount, and a second brushless motor. The compensation rotating cylinder is fitted onto the compensation fixed cylinder and is constrained by the cooperation of the beam spot compensation system and the beam spot adjustment system. The stator of the second brushless motor is fixedly connected to the compensation fixed cylinder, and the rotor is fixedly connected to the compensation rotating cylinder. The second movable lens mount is threadedly connected to the second cylindrical roller pin, which is connected to the upper limit groove of the compensation fixed cylinder and the upper spiral groove of the compensation rotating cylinder, thus constraining the movement of the second movable lens mount. The focusing lens mount is connected to the bottom groove of the compensation fixed cylinder, and its position is constrained by the connection between the compensation fixed cylinder and the focusing nozzle.

[0014] Furthermore, the top thread of the focusing nozzle is threadedly connected to the bottom threaded hole of the compensation fixing cylinder, and is also threadedly connected to the bottom threaded hole of the outer casing body.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0016] 1. The fiber laser processing equipment with replaceable tool holder designed in this invention can be installed on a multi-axis CNC machine tool, providing it with a new processing method and expanding the processing capabilities of the CNC machine tool.

[0017] 2. The present invention has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and has high reliability.

[0018] 3. The tool holder of the laser processing equipment with a replaceable tool holder of the present invention is designed to be replaceable, which greatly improves the versatility of the present invention and makes it possible to install the present invention on most mainstream multi-axis CNC machining tools on the market.

[0019] 4. This invention is small in size and easy to install. Compared with similar products, it can greatly reduce the installation error caused by frequent disassembly and assembly, and improve processing efficiency.

[0020] 5. This invention uses two sets of brushless motors to drive the spot adjustment system and the spot compensation system respectively. First, it avoids the need to disassemble the tool holder for manual focusing every time, saving processing time and improving processing efficiency. Second, using brushless motors to drive focusing effectively reduces the operational errors caused by manual focusing.

[0021] 6. The upper outer shell seat of the tool holder housing of the present invention has a reserved groove for mounting washers in the connection area between the outer shell body and the QBH connector. The connection part between the outer shell body and the spot compensation system and the focusing nozzle is also designed with a reserved groove for mounting washers, which ensures the sealing of the optical system of the present invention and improves the dustproof and waterproof performance of the present invention. At the same time, the tool holder housing designed in the present invention can effectively prevent the impact of debris splashing generated during processing on the optical system. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is an assembly cross-sectional view of the beam adjustment system and beam compensation system of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 shows the light spot adjustment system of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the beam adjustment system of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 shows the light spot compensation system of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the beam compensation system of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the outer shell structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the replaceable tool holder structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the movable mirror mount structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure Labels

[0032] In the diagram: Replaceable tool holder-1, tool holder housing-2, spot adjustment system-3, spot compensation system-4, first brushless motor-5a, second brushless motor-5b, reflector mount-6, reflector-7, lens cover-8, QBH connector-9, focusing nozzle-10, fixed cylinder-11, rotating cylinder-12, first movable lens mount-13a, second movable lens mount-13b, fixed lens mount-14, compensation rotating cylinder-15, compensation fixed cylinder-16, focusing lens mount-17, upper housing mount-18, housing body-19, first cylindrical roller pin-20a, second cylindrical roller pin-20b. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figures 1 to 9 This embodiment describes a replaceable tool holder structure for a fiber laser processing device based on a replaceable tool holder. The replaceable tool holder (1) and the upper outer shell (18) are bolted together by eight M5 bolts. The replaceable tool holder (1) is located directly above the upper outer shell (18).

[0035] To ensure the coaxiality of the replaceable tool holder and the upper outer shell (18), a boss structure with a certain taper is provided on the top of the upper outer shell (18) to facilitate its cooperation with the positioning groove at the bottom of the replaceable tool holder (1), effectively ensuring the coaxiality of the replaceable tool holder (1) and the upper outer shell (18).

[0036] Specific Implementation Method 2: This implementation method is described in conjunction with Figures 1 to 9. The housing sealing structure of the fiber laser processing equipment based on the replaceable tool holder described in this implementation method includes an upper housing seat (18), a housing body (19), a QBH connector (9), and a focusing nozzle (10). The upper housing seat (18) is located on the top of the housing body (19) and is connected to the pin hole through a positioning pin. The QBH connector (9) is located on the side of the housing body (19) and is threadedly connected to the internal threaded hole on the side of the housing body (19). It is also connected to the limiting hole on the bottom side of the upper housing seat to constrain its position. The focusing nozzle (10) is located at the bottom of the housing body (19) and is threadedly connected to the threaded hole at the bottom of the housing body (19).

[0037] To ensure the waterproof and dustproof performance of the present invention and to ensure the stable working environment of the internal optical system, reserved slots are designed in the bottom connection area of ​​the upper housing base (18), the internal threaded hole connecting the housing body (19) and the QBH connector (9), and the internal threaded hole connecting the housing body (19) and the focusing nozzle (10). This facilitates the installation of silicone gaskets, improves the reliability of the equipment, and ensures that the working environment of the internal optical system is dust-free and water-free.

[0038] Specific Implementation Method 3: This implementation method is described in conjunction with Figures 1 to 9. The beam adjustment system (3) of the fiber laser processing equipment based on the replaceable tool holder described in this implementation method includes a rotating cylinder (12), a fixed cylinder (11), a first brushless motor (5a), a first movable mirror mount (13a), a fixed mirror mount (14), a first cylindrical roller pin (20a), and a laser lens. The rotating cylinder (12) is fitted on the outside of the fixed cylinder (11). The first cylindrical roller pin (20a) passes through the limiting groove of the fixed cylinder (11) and is installed in the rotating groove of the rotating cylinder (12) on the first movable mirror mount (5a). 13a) The first movable mirror mount (13a) is installed inside the fixed cylinder (11) in the threaded holes on both sides. The center line of the first movable mirror mount (13a) coincides with the center line of the fixed cylinder (11). The protrusions on both wings of the first movable mirror mount (13a) cooperate with the slide rail inside the fixed cylinder (11) to form a guide rail slider structure. The first brushless motor (5a) is set on the bottom protrusion of the fixed cylinder (11). The stator of the first brushless motor (5a) is fixedly connected to the fixed cylinder (11), and the rotor of the first brushless motor (5a) is fixedly connected to the rotating cylinder (12).

[0039] When the light spot adjustment system (3) is working, the rotor of the first brushless motor (5a) drives the rotating cylinder (12) to rotate. The first cylindrical roller pins (20a) on both sides of the first movable mirror base (13a) act as cams and move with the rotation of the rotating cylinder (12). However, they are also constrained by the limiting groove of the fixed cylinder (11), so that the first movable mirror base (13a) moves along the center line. The cooperation between the guide rail inside the fixed cylinder (11) and the two wing protrusions of the first movable mirror base (13a) ensures the smooth movement. By changing the driving direction of the first brushless motor (5a), the rotation direction of the rotating cylinder (12) can be changed, thereby realizing the up and down movement of the first movable mirror base (13a), changing the distance between the first movable mirror base (13a) and the fixed mirror base (14), and realizing the structural function of the light spot adjustment system.

[0040] Specific Implementation Method 4: This implementation method is described in conjunction with Figures 1 to 9. The spot compensation system (4) of the fiber laser processing equipment based on the replaceable tool holder described in this implementation method includes a compensation rotating cylinder (15), a compensation fixed cylinder (16), a second brushless motor (5b), a second moving mirror mount (13b), a focusing mirror mount (17), a second cylindrical roller pin (20b), and a laser lens.

[0041] Its specific connection and fixing methods are the same as those in Specific Implementation Method 3.

[0042] Specific implementation method five: This implementation method is described in conjunction with Figures 1 to 9. The gas-assisted laser processing structure of the fiber laser processing equipment based on the replaceable tool holder described in this implementation method includes a focusing nozzle (10). The top of the focusing nozzle (10) is provided with an external thread to ensure the reliability of the connection with the outer shell body (19) and the spot compensation system (4). The side of the focusing nozzle (10) is provided with an auxiliary air hole, and the center line of the auxiliary air hole intersects perpendicularly with the center line of the focusing jet hole.

[0043] During operation, the auxiliary air hole on the side of the focusing nozzle (10) can be connected to an external air pipe to meet different requirements of the gas environment during operation. The focusing laser beam and the auxiliary gas are coupled inside the focusing nozzle (10), and the coupled focusing beam is emitted through the focusing jet hole to complete the processing requirements.

[0044] Specific Implementation Method Six: This implementation method is described in conjunction with Figures 1 to 9. The beam steering structure of the fiber laser processing equipment based on the replaceable tool holder described in this implementation method includes an upper outer shell base (18), a QBH connector (9), a reflector base (6), a reflector (7), and a lens cover (8). A rectangular groove is provided at the bottom of the upper outer shell base (18), and the reflector base (6) is embedded in the rectangular groove. An inclined circular hole is provided in the reflector base (6), and the outside of the circular hole is an internal thread structure. The reflector (7) is installed in the circular hole. The lens cover (8) is threadedly connected to the circular hole, pressing the reflector (7) to form a constraint. During the installation of the upper outer shell base (18), the reflector base (6) should be aligned with the threaded hole on the side of the outer shell body (19) to ensure that the angle between the center line of the reflector (7) and the QBH connector (9) is 45°.

[0045] During operation, the cooperation between the outer shell (19) and the QBH connector (9) ensures that the input beam is perpendicular to the center line of the beam adjustment system (3). With the help of the reflector mount (6) and the reflector (7), the laser beam collimated by the QBH connector (9) is changed from a horizontal posture to a vertical posture, so that the input beam coincides with the center line of the beam adjustment system (3) and is input into the beam adjustment system (3).

[0046] Work process

[0047] The specific working process of a fiber laser processing device based on a replaceable tool holder includes the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: Based on processing requirements, the input laser beam is expanded without focus using a beam spot adjustment system. The specific process is as follows:

[0049] The first brushless motor (5a) drives the rotating cylinder (12) to rotate. The rotating groove on the rotating cylinder (12) drives the first cylindrical roller pin (20a) to move, which in turn drives the first movable lens mount (13a) to move. The fixed groove on the fixed cylinder (11) constrains the first cylindrical roller pin (20a) which is fixed to the first movable lens mount (13a), thereby ensuring that the movement of the first movable lens mount (13a) is vertical. Through the cooperation of the fixed cylinder (11) and the compensating fixed cylinder (16), the fixed lens mount (14) is constrained. Through the vertical movement of the first movable lens mount (13a), the distance between the first movable lens mount (13a) and the fixed lens mount (14) is adjusted to achieve a focal-free beam expansion.

[0050] Step 2: Compensate for the divergence angle of the expanded laser beam to achieve laser beam collimation. The specific process is as follows:

[0051] The second brushless motor (5b) drives the compensation rotating cylinder (15) to rotate. The rotating groove on the compensation rotating cylinder (15) drives the second cylindrical roller pin (20b) to move, which in turn drives the second moving mirror base (13b) to move. The fixing groove on the compensation fixing cylinder (16) constrains the second cylindrical roller pin (20b) which is fixed to the second moving mirror base (13b), thereby ensuring that the movement of the second moving mirror base (13b) is vertical. Through the cooperation of the compensation fixing cylinder (16) and the focusing nozzle (10), the focusing mirror base (17) is constrained. Through the vertical movement of the second moving mirror base (13b), the distance between the second moving mirror base (13b) and the focusing mirror base (17) is adjusted, and the divergence angle of the laser beam is compensated to achieve the collimation of the laser beam.

[0052] Step 3: To meet special processing requirements and achieve gas-assisted processing, the specific process is as follows:

[0053] The auxiliary gas is injected into the focusing nozzle (10) through the auxiliary gas hole on the side of the focusing nozzle (10), coupled with the output laser beam, and ejected from the injection hole to realize gas-assisted processing.

[0054] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A replaceable fiber laser processing tool holder, comprising: The replacement tool holder (1), the spot adjustment system (3), the spot compensation system (4), and the tool holder housing (2) are characterized in that: the replacement tool holder (1) and the upper housing seat (18) of the tool holder housing (2) are connected by bolts, the upper housing seat (18) is connected to the housing body (19), the lower rectangular positioning groove of the upper housing seat (18) is connected to the reflector seat (6), and the side limiting hole of the upper housing seat (18) is connected to the QBH connector (9); the spot adjustment system (3) includes: a rotating cylinder (12), a fixed cylinder (11), a first movable mirror seat (13a), a first cylindrical roller pin (20a), a fixed mirror seat (14), and a first brushless motor (5a); The rotating cylinder (12) is fitted onto the fixed cylinder (11) and constrained by the cooperation of the light spot adjustment system (3) and the upper outer shell (18). The stator of the first brushless motor (5a) is fixedly connected to the fixed cylinder (11), and the rotor is fixedly connected to the rotating cylinder (12). The first movable mirror base (13a) is threadedly connected to the first cylindrical roller pin (20a). The first cylindrical roller pin (20a) is connected to the limiting groove on the fixed cylinder (11) and the spiral groove on the rotating cylinder (12) to constrain the movement of the first movable mirror base (13a). The fixed mirror base (14) is connected to the bottom groove of the fixed cylinder (11). The light spot compensation system (4) includes: a compensation rotating cylinder (15), a compensation fixed cylinder (12), and a compensation fixed cylinder (13a). The system comprises a fixed cylinder (16), a second movable lens mount (13b), a second cylindrical roller pin (20b), a focusing lens mount (17), and a second brushless motor (5b). The compensating rotating cylinder (15) is mounted on the compensating fixed cylinder (16) and constrained by the cooperation of the light spot compensation system (4) and the light spot adjustment system (3). The stator of the second brushless motor (5b) is fixedly connected to the compensating fixed cylinder (16), and the rotor is fixedly connected to the compensating rotating cylinder (15). The second movable lens mount (13b) is threadedly connected to the second cylindrical roller pin (20b). The second cylindrical roller pin (20b) is connected to the limiting groove on the compensating fixed cylinder (16) and the spiral groove on the compensating rotating cylinder (15). The movement of the movable lens mount (13b) is constrained, and the focusing lens mount (17) is connected to the bottom groove of the compensation fixing cylinder (16); the top of the fixing cylinder (11) of the spot adjustment system (3) is threadedly connected to the bottom threaded hole of the upper outer shell seat (18), and the bottom of the fixing cylinder (11) of the spot adjustment system (3) is threadedly connected to the top of the compensation fixing cylinder (16) of the spot compensation system (4); the focusing nozzle (10) is threadedly connected to the outer shell body (19); the focusing nozzle (10) is threadedly connected to the compensation fixing cylinder (16) of the spot compensation system (4), and the spot adjustment system (3) and the spot compensation system (4) are constrained by their cooperation to ensure their coaxiality and lock their vertical position.

2. The replaceable fiber laser processing tool holder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The replaceable tool holder (1) and the upper outer shell seat (18) are bolted together by eight M5 bolts. In order to ensure the coaxiality of the mating parts, the joint part is designed with a ladder structure to ensure assembly accuracy.

3. The replaceable fiber laser processing tool holder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool holder housing (2) includes: an upper housing seat (18) and a housing body (19); the upper housing seat (18) is connected to the housing body (19) by a pin through a bottom pin hole. In order to ensure the dustproof and waterproof performance of the fiber laser processing tool holder, a pre-reserved groove is designed in the bottom connecting part of the upper housing seat (18), and the groove is used to install a waterproof gasket.

4. The replaceable fiber laser processing tool holder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflector mount (6) is installed in the rectangular positioning groove at the bottom of the upper outer shell mount (18), and the reflector (7) is installed in the cylindrical groove at the bottom of the reflector mount (6). The lens cover (8) is threadedly connected to the reflector mount (6) and constrains the reflector (7). At the same time, its vertical position is constrained by the connection between the upper outer shell mount (18) and the spot adjustment system (3), ensuring that the reflector (7) forms a 45° angle with the incident laser beam.

5. The replaceable fiber laser processing tool holder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The QBH connector (9) is connected to the side limiting hole of the upper outer shell base (18), and the QBH connector (9) is threadedly connected to the side threaded hole of the outer shell body (19). The engagement between the side threaded hole of the outer shell body (19) and the external thread of the QBH connector (9) forms a constraint, ensuring that the center line of the QBH connector (9) is perpendicular to the center line of the spot adjustment system (3), and at the same time ensuring the collimation of the laser beam.

6. The replaceable fiber laser processing tool holder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top thread of the focusing nozzle (10) is threaded to the bottom threaded hole of the compensation fixing cylinder (16) and to the bottom threaded hole of the outer shell body (19).

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