High-strength bolt single-side mounting method and device

Abstract

The application relates to a high-strength bolt single-side mounting method and device, which comprises the following steps: S1, fixing the first end of a linear object to the first side of a mounting surface through a first connecting part, fixing a high-strength bolt to the second end of the linear object, making the high-strength bolt hang on the first side of the mounting surface in the form of a screw cap downward and a plum blossom head upward, and making the wire body between the first end and the second end of the linear object cross a bolt hole on the mounting surface; S2, a mounting personnel drags the linear object outward through the bolt hole from the second side of the mounting surface, pulls the high-strength bolt, makes the screw rod of the high-strength bolt pass through the bolt hole and reach the second side of the mounting surface, and fixes the high-strength bolt through a nut. Compared with the prior art, the application can realize single-side mounting of a torsional shear type high-strength bolt without reducing the stress performance of a connected area, and solves the problems that the existing torsional shear type high-strength bolt is difficult to be mounted at a closed section suitable for single-side operation or causes the mechanical performance of a node area to decrease after being mounted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of civil engineering component connection technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for single-sided installation of high-strength bolts. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of civil engineering, nodes are key components that transmit internal forces between connected structural members. There are two main connection methods for nodes: bolted connections and welded connections. Bolted connections have become increasingly widely used due to their advantages such as quick and convenient construction and good ductility.

[0003] However, for joints such as those between columns and beams using bolted end plates or column-to-column connections, conventional high-strength bolts (large hexagonal head high-strength bolts and torque-shear type high-strength bolts) are often difficult to apply directly because the inner closed area of ​​the column cannot be directly accessed. Additional construction procedures such as cutting the column, double-sided bolting, and welding are required. This not only increases labor and time costs but may also introduce defects due to the instability of the welding process, adversely affecting the safe use of the structure. In response, some bolts capable of single-sided installation (called single-sided bolts or one-way bolts) have been developed both domestically and internationally, such as grease-injected one-way bolts, nested one-way bolts, Hollo-bolts, Blind-Bolts, and Ultra-Twist bolts. These single-sided bolts achieve installation on only one side of the connected component by adding extra components to ordinary bolts. However, these bolts are not only expensive but also have reduced load-bearing capacity compared to conventional bolts, making large-scale adoption difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method and apparatus for single-sided installation of high-strength bolts.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method for single-sided installation of high-strength bolts is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. The first end of the wire is fixed to the first side of the mounting surface through the first connecting part, and the high-strength bolt is fixed to the second end of the wire, so that the high-strength bolt hangs on the first side of the mounting surface with the nut facing down and the spline head facing up, and the wire between the first end and the second end of the wire crosses the bolt hole on the mounting surface.

[0008] S2. The installer drags the wire outward from the second side of the mounting surface through the bolt hole. The installer's action of dragging the wire will not cause the wire to detach from the first connection part. The high-strength bolt is pulled to the bolt hole along with the wire. The high-strength bolt is pulled so that the bolt of the high-strength bolt passes through the bolt hole and reaches the second side of the mounting surface. The high-strength bolt is fixed by the nut.

[0009] Preferably, step S1 further includes: using the second connecting part to fix the middle part of the wire to the first side of the mounting surface, and making the wire between the first connecting part and the second connecting part cross the bolt hole on the mounting surface; in step S2, the action of the installer dragging the wire causes the wire to detach from the second connecting part.

[0010] Preferably, the second connecting part is a magnetic suction device, or the second connecting part is a suction cup, or the second connecting part is an adhesive plate.

[0011] Preferably, the first connecting part is a magnetic suction device, or the first connecting part is a suction cup, or the first connecting part is an adhesive plate.

[0012] Preferably, in step S2, a long rod with a hook is used to drag the linear object, wherein the outer diameter of the hook is smaller than the diameter of the bolt hole, and the inner diameter of the hook is larger than the diameter of the linear object.

[0013] Preferably, the hook is a U-shaped hook.

[0014] Preferably, the linear object is fixed to the high-strength bolt by binding, knotting or bonding.

[0015] Preferably, in step S2, before fixing the high-strength bolt with a nut, the method further includes: disconnecting the connection between the wire and the high-strength bolt.

[0016] Preferably, in step S2, the high-strength bolt is fixed using washers and nuts that are compatible with the high-strength bolt.

[0017] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a single-sided mounting device for high-strength bolts is provided for implementing the single-sided mounting method for high-strength bolts as described in the first aspect of the present invention, comprising:

[0018] First connecting part;

[0019] A linear object, wherein a first end of the linear object is fixed to a first side of a mounting surface via a first connecting portion, and a second end of the linear object is fixed to a high-strength bolt;

[0020] The dragging device is configured to drag a linear object outward from the second side of the mounting surface through the bolt hole.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] This application enables single-sided installation of torsion-shear type high-strength bolts without reducing the stress performance of the connected area. It solves the problem that existing torsion-shear type high-strength bolts are difficult to install at closed sections that are only suitable for single-sided operation (such as splicing nodes of steel pipe columns, connection nodes between steel pipe columns and steel beams) or cause a decrease in the mechanical properties of the node area after installation. At the same time, the installation cost is low, the installation steps are simple and easy to understand, and it is easy to promote to the market. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a side view of the bolt of a torsion-shear type high-strength bolt;

[0024] Figure 2 Side and front views of the washer for a torsion-shear type high-strength bolt;

[0025] Figure 3 Side and front views of the nut for a torsion-shear type high-strength bolt;

[0026] Figure 4 A side view of a long rod with a U-shaped hook;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a side view of a linear object;

[0028] Figure 6 The front view and side sectional view of a magnetic block with strong magnetic force;

[0029] Figure 7 The front view and side sectional view of a magnetic block with weak magnetic force;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the upper column, inner sleeve, and lower column;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the upper column, inner sleeve, and lower column;

[0032] Figure 10 A schematic diagram showing the upper column, inner sleeve, and lower column assembled with their bolt holes connected.

[0033] Figure 11 A schematic diagram showing a long rod with a U-shaped hook being inserted through a bolt hole into the inside of a closed section to hook a linear object.

[0034] Figure 12 A schematic diagram illustrating how a linear object can detach from the weaker magnetic block at the bottom of a bolt hole and thus pull a high-strength bolt into the bolt hole.

[0035] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram showing the completion of the torsion shear type high-strength bolt fastening;

[0036] Figure 14 A schematic diagram showing the completion of tightening all torque-shear type high-strength bolts;

[0037] Reference numerals: 100, high-strength bolt; 200, linear object; 300, first connecting part; 400, second connecting part; 500, long rod with hook; 600, washer; 700, nut; 800, component; 101, nut; 102, threaded rod; 103, star head; 501, U-shaped hook; 801, upper column; 802, lower column; 803, inner sleeve; 804, bolt hole. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. These embodiments are implemented based on the technical solutions of the present invention, providing detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In the accompanying drawings, components with the same structure are indicated by the same numerical designation, and components with similar structures or functions are indicated by similar numerical designations. The dimensions and thicknesses of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrary, and the present invention does not limit the dimensions and thicknesses of each component. To make the illustrations clearer and show the mating relationships between the components, some parts in the drawings have been appropriately scaled down, and the distances between the components have been increased or decreased.

[0040] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly placed when the product of this application is used, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0041] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0042] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0043] Example 1:

[0044] This invention provides a method for single-sided installation of high-strength bolts, comprising the following steps:

[0045] S1. The first end of the wire 200 is fixed to the first side of the mounting surface through the first connecting part 300, and the high-strength bolt 100 is fixed to the second end of the wire 200, so that the high-strength bolt 100 hangs on the first side of the mounting surface with the nut 101 facing down and the plum head 103 facing up, and the wire between the first end and the second end of the wire 200 crosses the bolt hole on the mounting surface.

[0046] S2. The installer drags the wire 200 outward from the second side of the mounting surface through the bolt hole. The installer's action of dragging the wire 200 will not cause the wire 200 to detach from the first connecting part 300. The high-strength bolt 100 is pulled to the bolt hole along with the wire 200. The high-strength bolt 100 is pulled so that the screw 102 of the high-strength bolt 100 passes through the bolt hole and reaches the second side of the mounting surface. The high-strength bolt 100 is fixed by the nut 700.

[0047] In this embodiment of the application, the high-strength bolt 100 is a torque-shear type high-strength bolt 100, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the torsion-shear type high-strength bolt 100 is composed of a nut 101, a bolt 102, and a splice head 103 in sequence, serving as the main body for fastening the connection between components. The application scenario is the splicing of the torsion-shear type high-strength bolt 100 in the column-to-column connection node of square steel pipe columns using an inner sleeve connection. Therefore, the installation surface is the side of the square steel pipe column and the inner sleeve. After the inner sleeve is embedded in the square steel pipe column, bolts are needed to fix the two to achieve the connection between the inner sleeve and the square steel pipe column. Since the inner sleeve cannot be directly accessed after being embedded in the square steel pipe column, the existing technology can only cut the pipe column or use single-sided bolts for installation.

[0048] In the technical solution of this application, before the inner sleeve is embedded into the square steel pipe column, the high-strength bolt 100 is fixed to the inner side of the inner sleeve through the first connecting part 300 and the wire 200. After the inner sleeve is embedded into the square steel pipe column, the high-strength bolt 100 is pulled through the bolt hole by dragging the wire 200, thereby completing the fixation between the inner sleeve and the square steel pipe column.

[0049] It is understandable that the first connecting part 300 can be a magnetic suction device, a suction cup, or an adhesive plate, etc., and its fixing force should be sufficient to ensure that when the wire 200 is dragged, the first connecting part 300 located above the bolt hole can always fix the wire 200, maintain a reliable connection with the wire 200, and ensure that the first end of the wire 200 is always in a fixed position; the wire 200 is a flexible wire, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the material of the wire 200 should be sufficient to withstand the weight of the high-strength bolt 100, the traction force of dragging the wire 200, and the friction force during the traction process. The wire between the first and second ends of the wire 200 crosses the bolt hole on the mounting surface, thereby exposing the wire to the operator's field of vision through the bolt hole, so that the operator can see and accurately drag the wire 200 through the bolt hole.

[0050] To facilitate dragging the traction cable 200, in this embodiment of the application, a long pole 500 with a hook is used to drag the traction cable 200. Figure 4 As shown, the hook is a U-shaped hook 501. The outer diameter of the U-shaped hook 501 is smaller than the diameter of the bolt hole, and the inner diameter of the U-shaped hook 501 is larger than the diameter of the wire 200, thereby allowing the wire 200 to be easily dragged to pull the high-strength bolt 100. Of course, in other embodiments, the shape of the hook can be changed, or other structures (such as a long rod 500, a long rod 500 with rough ends, etc.) can be used to drag the wire 200.

[0051] The wire 200 is fixed to the high-strength bolt 100 by binding, knotting or bonding. The first end of the wire 200 is fixed above the bolt hole through the first connecting part 300. The second end of the wire 200 is connected to the spline head 103 of the high-strength bolt 100. Under the action of gravity, the high-strength bolt 100 hangs naturally with the nut 101 facing down and the spline head 103 facing up. This allows the high-strength bolt 100 to enter the bolt hole in the direction of the spline head 103 when it is pulled, so that the nut 101 is stuck on the inner surface of the bolt hole.

[0052] After the high-strength bolt 100 is inserted into the bolt hole, disconnect the wire 200 from the high-strength bolt 100. Secure the high-strength bolt 100 using a washer 600 and a nut 700 that are compatible with the high-strength bolt 100. The structure of the washer 600 is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the structure of nut 700 is as follows: Figure 3As shown, this completes the installation and tightening of the high-strength bolt 100.

[0053] This application enables the single-sided installation of the torsion-shear type high-strength bolt 100 without reducing the stress performance of the connected area. It solves the problem that the existing torsion-shear type high-strength bolt 100 is difficult to install at closed sections that are only suitable for single-sided operation (such as splicing nodes of steel pipe columns, connection nodes between steel pipe columns and steel beams) or will cause a decrease in the mechanical properties of the node area after installation. At the same time, the installation cost is low, the installation steps are simple and easy to understand, and it is easy to promote to the market.

[0054] Corresponding to the above-described installation method embodiments, the present invention provides a high-strength bolt 100 single-sided installation device for implementing the above-described high-strength bolt 100 single-sided installation method, comprising:

[0055] The first connecting part 300 may be a magnetic suction device, a suction cup, an adhesive plate, etc.;

[0056] The wire 200 can be made of flexible wire. The first end of the wire 200 is fixed to the first side of the mounting surface through the first connecting part 300, and the second end of the wire 200 is fixed to the high-strength bolt 100.

[0057] The dragging device is configured to drag a linear object 200 outward from the second side of the mounting surface through bolt holes, and may be a long rod 500 with a hook.

[0058] For the device embodiment, since it basically corresponds to the method embodiment, the relevant parts can be referred to in the description of the method embodiment. For the sake of convenience and brevity, it will not be repeated here.

[0059] Example 2:

[0060] In this embodiment of the application, a second connecting part 400 is added. In step S1, the second connecting part 400 is used to fix the middle part of the wire 200 to the first side of the mounting surface, and the wire between the first connecting part 300 and the second connecting part 400 crosses the bolt hole on the mounting surface. The fixing force of the second connecting part 400 is weaker than that of the first connecting part 300. In step S2, the action of the installer dragging the wire 200 causes the wire 200 to detach from the second connecting part 400.

[0061] The second connecting part 400 is provided, and the wire between the first connecting part 300 and the second connecting part 400 crosses the bolt hole on the mounting surface. The first connecting part 300 and the second connecting part 400 are respectively located above and below the bolt hole, which can ensure that the wire does not deviate from the bolt hole and also prevent multiple adjacent wires 200 from getting tangled together, thereby ensuring the smooth installation.

[0062] The second connecting part 400 can be a magnetic suction device, a suction cup, an adhesive plate, etc., and its fixing force should meet the following requirements: the force of dragging the wire 200 should be sufficient to allow the wire 200 to detach from the constraint of the second connecting part 400, and the second connecting part 400 should not obstruct the high-strength bolt 100 from being pulled into the bolt hole. In this embodiment, a magnetic block with strong magnetic force is used as the first connecting part 300. A magnetic block with strong magnetic force, such as... Figure 6 As shown, a weaker magnetic block is used as the second connection part 400. The weaker magnetic block is, for example... Figure 7 As shown. The magnetic block is adsorbed on the inside of the mounting surface (i.e., the inner sleeve), and the wire is clamped between the magnetic block and the mounting surface, thus fixing the wire. When the wire 200 is dragged, the friction between the wire 200 and the weaker magnetic block and the inner surface of the component (inner sleeve) is less than the traction force on the wire 200. The wire 200 thus breaks free from the constraint of the weaker magnetic block, and the dragging of the wire 200 continues, pulling the high-strength bolt 100 into the bolt hole, while the stronger magnetic block and the wire 200 remain fixed at all times.

[0063] In this embodiment, a single-sided installation method and apparatus are used to describe the single-sided installation of the torsion-shear type high-strength bolt 100 in the splicing of column-to-column connection nodes of square steel pipe columns using an inner sleeve connection. The upper column 801, inner sleeve 803, and lower column 802 used for connecting component 800 are as follows: Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, firstly, on the inner surface of the inner sleeve 803, the upper ends of the wires 200 are attracted and fixed to the upper component surface of each bolt hole 804 using a strong magnetic block, allowing the wires to hang naturally. Then, a weaker magnetic block is used to attract the middle part of the wires 200 to the lower component surface of each bolt hole 804, ensuring that the wires between the two magnetic blocks just cross each bolt hole 804 and are exposed within the operator's line of sight. The tail ends of each wire 200 are then fixed to the spline head 103 of the torque-shear high-strength bolt 100 to be installed, so that the torque-shear high-strength bolt 100 hangs with the spline head 103 facing upwards inside the closed section. The upper column 801, inner sleeve 803, and lower column 802 are placed in the required installation positions, such as... Figure 10 As shown, the upper column 801, inner sleeve 803, and lower column 802 are assembled and installed, and the bolt holes on each component are connected. Figure 11 As shown, a long rod 500 with a U-shaped hook is inserted into the inner side of the closed section through bolt hole 804 on the outside of the closed section to hook the wire 200; as Figure 12As shown, after hooking the long rod 500 with a U-shaped hook onto the wire 200, the long rod 500 is dragged out of the hole, causing the wire 200 to break free from the constraint of the weaker magnetic block at the bottom of the bolt hole 804. This, in turn, pulls the torsion-shear type high-strength bolt 100 into the bolt hole 804 along the outward direction of its spline head 103, causing the nut 101 to be engaged on the inner surface of the inner sleeve 803 within the bolt hole 804. Figure 13 As shown, the connection between the wire 200 and the torque-shear type high-strength bolt 100 is disconnected, and the washer 600 of the torque-shear type high-strength bolt 100 is then installed. Figure 2 ) and nuts 700 ( Figure 3 After the installation and tightening of the torque-shear type high-strength bolt 100 is completed, the breakage of the sprite head 103 indicates that the torque-shear type high-strength bolt 100 has been tightened successfully; if Figure 14 As shown, the remaining torsion shear type high-strength bolts 100 are installed using the same method, thereby completing the column-to-column connection of the square steel tube column with inner sleeve 803 connection.

[0064] It should be noted that, in the accompanying drawings, Figures 10-14 Each view consists of a sectional view of the internal bolt area on the left and an external actual view on the right. These are two perspectives representing the same entity, not two independent entities. Furthermore, for demonstration purposes, the connection between the inner sleeve and the upper and lower square steel pipes in the above examples uses the single-sided installation method described herein. However, in actual practice, when connecting the inner sleeve to the lower square steel pipe, since the installation area has not yet formed a closed section, the bolts below the central axis of the inner sleeve can be prefabricated in the factory or connected by workers using conventional methods, without needing to use the installation method described herein. Additionally, the accompanying drawings are only used to illustrate the basic principles of the above installation method and do not represent actual application.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them. For example, the column-to-column connection nodes of square steel tube columns with external steel plate connection, and the beam-to-column connection nodes of I-shaped cross-section beams and square steel tube columns can all use the above-mentioned single-sided installation method to achieve component connection.

[0066] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concept of the present invention without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for single-sided installation of high-strength bolts, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The first end of the wire (200) is fixed to the first side of the mounting surface through the first connecting part (300), and the high-strength bolt (100) is fixed to the second end of the wire (200), so that the high-strength bolt (100) hangs on the first side of the mounting surface with the nut facing down and the plum blossom head facing up, and the wire between the first end and the second end of the wire (200) crosses the bolt hole (804) on the mounting surface. S2. The installer drags the wire (200) outward from the second side of the mounting surface through the bolt hole (804). The installer's action of dragging the wire (200) will not cause the wire (200) to detach from the first connecting part (300). The high-strength bolt (100) is pulled to the bolt hole (804) along with the wire (200). The high-strength bolt (100) is pulled so that the screw (102) of the high-strength bolt (100) passes through the bolt hole (804) and reaches the second side of the mounting surface. The high-strength bolt (100) is fixed by the nut (700). In step S1, the method further includes: using the second connecting part (400) to fix the middle part of the wire (200) to the first side of the mounting surface, and making the wire between the first connecting part (300) and the second connecting part (400) cross the bolt hole (804) on the mounting surface; in step S2, the action of the installer dragging the wire (200) causes the wire (200) to detach from the second connecting part (400). The second connecting part (400) is a magnetic suction device, or the second connecting part (400) is a suction cup, or the second connecting part (400) is an adhesive plate.

2. The method for single-sided installation of high-strength bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first connecting part (300) is a magnetic suction device, or the first connecting part (300) is a suction cup, or the first connecting part (300) is an adhesive plate.

3. The method for single-sided installation of high-strength bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, a long rod (500) with a hook is used to drag a linear object (200). The outer diameter of the hook is smaller than the diameter of the bolt hole (804), and the inner diameter of the hook is larger than the diameter of the linear object (200).

4. The method for single-sided installation of high-strength bolts according to claim 3, characterized in that, The hook is a U-shaped hook.

5. The method for single-sided installation of high-strength bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linear object (200) is fixed to the high-strength bolt (100) by binding, knotting or bonding.

6. The method for single-sided installation of high-strength bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, before fixing the high-strength bolt (100) with the nut (700), the connection between the wire (200) and the high-strength bolt (100) is released.

7. A method for single-sided installation of high-strength bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the high-strength bolt (100) is fixed using washers (600) and nuts (700) that are matched with the high-strength bolt (100).

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