A preparation method and device suitable for multi-specification metal wire tensile sample

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of wire and wire rod tensile specimen preparation, in particular to a preparation method and device suitable for multi-specification wire rod tensile specimen, which can conveniently and efficiently prepare wire rod tensile specimen without damaging the original surface treatment layer of the wire rod. The device comprises a support platform, a wire rod holding device, a holding device lifting device, and a wire rod tensile specimen clamping end extrusion device. The upper end of the support platform is a support extrusion device, which has an interface for the power supply of the extrusion device. The lower end of the support platform is fixed to the lifting device guide rail by screws. The wire rod holding device is fixed to the lifting platform of the lifting device by bolts. The wire rod holding device is composed of multiple chucks, a base, and a locking nut. The multiple chucks are connected to the base by hinges, and the locking nut is used to achieve the holding purpose. The present application can efficiently prepare tensile specimens without damaging the original structure of the wire and wire rod.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tensile test specimen preparation technology for metal wires and cables, and in particular to a method and apparatus for preparing tensile test specimens of metal wires of various specifications. Background Technology

[0002] Materials forming and processing technology is an important component of the manufacturing industry, with significant applications in various fields such as machinery, power, and communications. With the continuous advancement of science and technology, materials science, processing technology, and related technologies have made great progress, and the corresponding materials preparation industry has also developed rapidly.

[0003] In recent years, various industries have raised their requirements for material performance year by year, and some wire and wire manufacturing processes have received widespread attention, such as extrusion, drawing, induction heating rolling, and pulsed current assisted rolling. Tensile testing is one of the most commonly used methods for testing the mechanical properties of wires and wires. However, when preparing wires and wires through the above processes, the uneven stress and strain between the internal and surface of the material can lead to certain differences in its internal and external structure. If traditional machining methods are used, the dog-bone-shaped tensile specimens cut out will destroy the original microstructure of the wires and wires, making it impossible to accurately test the true mechanical properties of the material.

[0004] Therefore, this invention employs a combination of induction heating and extrusion molding to form the dog-bone shaped clamping end. The tensile test specimen for wire or rod consists of three parts: a clamping section, a transition section, and a straight section. Both ends of the specimen are clamping sections, and the section between the two clamping sections is the straight section. The straight section and the clamping section are connected by an arc transition to form the transition section. Typically, tensile test specimens are prepared by cutting the wire or filament to form the straight section and transition section. This method has low forming efficiency and significant material waste. In particular, for wires or filaments that have undergone electroplastic treatment, due to the skin effect of electroplasticity, the effective structure obtained from the electroplastic treatment is concentrated on the surface layer of the wire or filament. Using a cutting method to prepare tensile test specimens will remove the electroplastic treatment layer, causing the tensile test specimen's performance to not accurately reflect the material's inherent properties. Therefore, a non-cutting method for preparing tensile test specimens of metal wires and filaments is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for preparing tensile specimens of metal wires of various specifications, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the goals of convenient preparation, improved forming efficiency, material utilization rate, and preservation of the original characteristics of the specimen material, including but not limited to surface materials such as electroplastic treatment layers.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an apparatus for preparing tensile test specimens of multi-specification metal wires. The apparatus includes: a support platform, a metal wire clamping device, a clamping device lifting device, and a wire tensile test specimen clamping end extrusion device. The upper end of the support platform supports the extrusion device and has an interface for powering the extrusion device. The lower end of the support platform's base plate is fixed with screws to the lifting device guide rail, and the wire clamping device is fixed to the lifting platform of the lifting device with bolts.

[0007] The wire clamping device includes clamps, clamp bases, and locking nuts. Several clamps are hinged to the base, and the locking nut has a tapered inner wall and is threaded to the base.

[0008] The wire tensile test specimen clamping end extrusion device includes an extrusion die, an extrusion die sleeve, a sleeve end cap, and an induction coil. The inner wall of the die is shaped like the clamping end, and the outer wall is conical, with the parting surface being the plane perpendicular to the end face diameter. The lower part of the inner wall of the extrusion die sleeve is a conical surface with the same taper as the outer wall of the die, and the outer wall is provided with a groove for placing the induction coil.

[0009] The clamp has a conical outer surface and an inner cylindrical surface with the same diameter as the wire. A perforated boss is provided at the lower end, and its applicable diameter range is 2mm to 20mm. The upper part of the inner wall of the locking nut is a smooth conical surface, the lower part is a cylindrical thread, and the outer wall is cylindrical with anti-slip stripes. The inner wall of the clamping device base is cylindrical, the outer wall is cylindrical, and several perforated bosses are provided at the upper end, while several bolt holes are provided at the lower end. This invention also provides a method for preparing tensile test specimens of multi-specification metal wires using the preparation device described above. The method includes the following steps: (a) The wire is placed into the metal wire clamping device and clamped and fixed; (b) The clamping device lifting device is raised to a suitable position and locked, so that the filament extends into the extrusion mold of the filament tensile specimen clamping end extrusion device; (c) The induction coil around the extrusion device heats the wire extending into the extrusion die; (d) The heated filament is extruded to form a clamping end; (e) Remove the sample, reverse the grip, and repeat steps (a) to (d).

[0010] The present invention has the following technical effects: the metal wire clamping device clamps the metal wire, the clamping device lifting device moves up and down to adjust the distance between the clamping device and the extrusion device mold and extend the wire into the extrusion mold, the induction coil around the extrusion device is energized to heat the wire in the mold, and the pressure head extrudes the heated wire to form the tensile specimen clamping end. This effectively avoids the waste of materials and the impact of cutting the surface material on the overall material properties when processing wire tensile specimens by traditional processing methods, and improves the preparation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping device of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the extrusion device of the present invention; The components are: 1. Press head; 2. Extrusion die sleeve end cap; 3. Support platform; 4. Column; 5. Lifting device guide rail; 6. Base plate; 7. Locking screw; 8. Extrusion die sleeve; 9. Extrusion head; 10. Clamping device base; 11. Lifting platform; 12. Locking nut; 13. Induction coil; 14. Cylindrical pin; 15. Extrusion die. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0013] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0014] Reference Figure 1-4This embodiment provides a device for preparing tensile test specimens of multi-specification metal wires. The device includes: a support platform 3, a metal wire clamping device, a clamping device lifting device, and a wire tensile test specimen clamping end extrusion device. The upper end of the support platform 3 supports the extrusion device and has an interface for powering the extrusion device. The lower end of the support platform base plate is fixed with screws to the guide rail of the lifting device. The wire clamping device is fixed to the lifting platform 11 of the lifting device with bolts.

[0015] The wire clamping device is used to fix and clamp the wire. The clamping device lifting device is used to move the entire clamping device up and down to adjust the gap between the clamping device and the extrusion device mold 15. The extrusion device induction coil 13 is supplied with current through the rear power interface to heat the wire that extends into the mold. The wire tensile sample is prepared by extrusion through the pressure head 1 and the mold 15.

[0016] The design is further optimized so that the metal wire clamping device includes clamps 9, a clamping device base 10, and a locking nut 12. Several clamps 9 are hinged to the base for rotational connection, and the inner wall of the locking nut 12 is tapered and connected to the base 10 by threads, thereby achieving the function of clamping and fixing the wire.

[0017] The design is further optimized by making the chuck 9 conical on the outside and cylindrical on the inside with the same diameter as the wire. The lower end is provided with a perforated boss for connection with the base 10.

[0018] The design was further optimized by making the upper part of the inner wall of the locking nut 12 a smooth conical surface and the lower part a cylindrical thread, while the outer wall is cylindrical and engraved with anti-slip stripes to facilitate the locking and unlocking of the chuck 9.

[0019] The scheme is further optimized. The inner wall of the clamping device base 10 is cylindrical, the outer wall is cylindrical threaded, the upper end is provided with several perforated bosses, and the lower end is provided with several bolt connection holes. The outer wall thread is used to cooperate with the locking nut 12 to achieve the purpose of locking. The bosses are hinged to the chuck 9 through the cylindrical pin 14. The base 10 is rigidly connected to the lifting platform 11 through bolts to achieve the purpose of moving up and down.

[0020] The design is further optimized so that the clamping device lifting mechanism includes a lifting platform 11, a guide rail 5, and locking screws 7. The lifting platform has a square hole, and there is a round hole on each side of the lifting platform that communicates with the square hole, so as to determine the direction of platform movement and to fix the lifting platform in place with the locking screws 7.

[0021] The optimized design includes a wire tensile specimen clamping and extrusion device comprising an extrusion die 15, an extrusion die sleeve 8, a sleeve end cap 2, and an induction coil 13. The inner wall of the die 15 is shaped like the clamping end, and the outer wall is conical. The conical surface of the outer wall contacts the inner wall of the extrusion die sleeve 8, and the sleeve end cap 2 is threaded to the extrusion die sleeve 8. The induction coil 13 is placed in a cylindrical groove. Current is supplied to the induction coil of the extrusion device through the rear power interface to heat the wire material inserted into the die 15. The extrusion of the wire tensile specimen is achieved through the extrusion of the pressure head 9 and the die 15.

[0022] The design was further optimized so that the inner wall of the extrusion die 15 is the shape of the clamping end, and the outer wall is conical. The parting surface is the plane perpendicular to the end face diameter, so as to form the shape of the clamping end of the wire tensile test specimen.

[0023] The scheme is further optimized. The lower part of the inner wall of the extrusion mold sleeve 8 is a conical surface with the same taper as the outer wall of the mold 15, and the upper part is a cylindrical surface. The outer wall is a cylindrical surface, and the upper end of the cylindrical surface is a cylindrical external thread. The cylindrical surface is provided with a groove for placing the induction coil 13. The purpose of mold centering is achieved by the inner conical surface of the sleeve 8 and the outer conical surface of the mold 15. The upper external thread of the sleeve cooperates with the sleeve end cap 2 so that it can press the mold tightly.

[0024] A method for preparing tensile specimens of multi-specification metal wires includes the following steps: (a) The filament is placed into the clamping device and clamped and fixed; (b) The clamping device lifting device is raised to a suitable position and locked, so that the filament extends into the extrusion device mold; (c) The induction coil around the extrusion device heats the wire that extends into the die of the extrusion device; (d) The heated filament is extruded to form a clamping end; (e) Remove the sample, reverse the grip, and repeat steps (a) to (d).

[0025] Compared with traditional methods for preparing tensile test specimens of wire and wire, the method and apparatus of this application avoid waste of specimen material, improve processing efficiency and processing accuracy. Furthermore, due to the skin effect of electric current, the electroplastic treatment layer is concentrated only on the surface of the material. If traditional tensile test specimen preparation methods are used, the electroplastic treatment layer of the specimen will be removed, thereby affecting the performance of the specimen and making it impossible for the tensile specimen to accurately express the performance characteristics of the material itself. However, the hot extrusion molding process described in this application can achieve the preparation of tensile test specimens with high efficiency, high precision and high material utilization while retaining the electroplastic treatment layer.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0027] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An apparatus for preparing tensile specimens of multi-specification metal wires, characterized in that, The preparation device includes: a support platform (3), a metal wire clamping device, a clamping device lifting device, and a wire tensile specimen clamping end extrusion device; the upper end of the support platform (3) supports the extrusion device and has an interface for powering the extrusion device; the lower end of the support platform base plate is fixed with screws to the lifting device guide rail (5); the wire clamping device is fixed with bolts to the lifting device lifting platform (11); the metal wire clamping device includes a clamp (9), a clamping device base (10), and a locking nut (12); several clamps (9) are hinged to the base (10). The chain is rotated and connected. The inner wall of the locking nut (12) is tapered and connected to the base (10) by threads. The wire tensile specimen clamping end extrusion device includes an extrusion mold (15), an extrusion mold sleeve (8), a sleeve end cap (2), and an induction coil (13). The inner wall of the extrusion mold (15) is the shape of the clamping end, and the outer wall is tapered, with the plane perpendicular to the end face diameter as the parting surface. The lower part of the inner wall of the extrusion mold sleeve (8) is a tapered surface with the same taper as the outer wall of the mold (15), and the outer wall is provided with a groove for placing the induction coil (13).

2. The apparatus for preparing tensile specimens of multi-specification metal wires according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp (9) has a conical outer surface and a cylindrical inner wall with the same diameter as the wire. It has a perforated boss at the lower end and is suitable for diameters ranging from 2mm to 20mm.

3. The apparatus for preparing tensile specimens of multi-specification metal wires according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the inner wall of the locking nut (12) is a smooth conical surface, the lower part is a cylindrical thread, and the outer wall is a cylinder with anti-slip stripes.

4. The apparatus for preparing tensile specimens of multi-specification metal wires according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the base (10) of the clamping device is cylindrical, the outer wall is cylindrical thread, the upper end is provided with several perforated bosses, and the lower end is provided with several round holes for bolt connection.

5. The apparatus for preparing tensile specimens of multi-specification metal wires according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping device lifting device also includes a guide rail (5) and a locking screw (7). The lifting platform (11) has a square hole, and there is a round hole on each side of the lifting platform that communicates with the square hole.

6. The apparatus for preparing tensile specimens of multi-specification metal wires according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the inner wall and the outer wall of the extrusion die sleeve (8) are cylindrical, and the upper end of the outer cylindrical surface is a cylindrical external thread.

7. A method for preparing tensile specimens of multi-specification metal wires, using the preparation apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: (a) The wire is placed into the metal wire clamping device and clamped and fixed; (b) The clamping device is raised to a suitable position and locked, so that the filament extends into the extrusion mold of the filament tensile specimen clamping end extrusion device; (c) The induction coil around the extrusion device heats the wire extending into the die of the extrusion device; (d) The heated filament is extruded to form a clamping end; (e) Remove the sample, reverse the grip, and repeat steps (a) to (d).

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