Pumped storage power station site selection method, terminal device and storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a pumped storage power station site selection method, a terminal device and a storage medium, applies a similarity classification method to a pumped storage site selection method, considers objective factors such as a water diversion distance from a current reservoir to an upper reservoir / lower reservoir, a dam length of the reservoir, a dam height, a reservoir form and the like in a site selection process, constructs a reservoir classification model based on similarity through pumped storage site analysis, and optimizes a final reservoir position through a weight assignment method, so that human cost is reduced, a pumped storage site selection range is narrowed, pumped storage site selection precision is improved, and a time required for site selection is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for selecting sites for pumped storage planning, and in particular to a method for selecting sites for pumped storage power stations, terminal equipment, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] For a long time, the selection of sites for pumped storage planning has mainly relied on manual map reading and calculation tables for scale calculation. This has problems such as low work efficiency, easy omission of some high-quality sites, scattered site selection results, and low visualization. It is difficult to adapt to the "high requirements, high precision, and high efficiency" presented by the new situation of pumped storage site selection. There is an urgent need to change the working mode and study key technologies that can simultaneously improve the efficiency and accuracy of pumped storage site selection.

[0003] The following is a brief overview of existing technologies for site selection of pumped storage power stations:

[0004] 1) A preliminary site selection method for large dam-type hydropower stations (CN106284239B)

[0005] This invention relates to a preliminary site selection method for large dam-type hydropower stations, mainly for the site selection of single large dam-type hydropower stations, but it cannot be applied to the site selection of pumped storage power stations. Pumped storage power stations require two reservoirs, one above the other, with a certain elevation difference between the two reservoirs. Generally, large pumped storage power stations require an elevation difference of more than 250m between the upper and lower reservoirs, and the elevation-to-distance ratio is controlled within 10 in principle. The terrain requirements are higher than those for single hydropower stations.

[0006] 2) A method and system for selecting the location of a power station based on artificial intelligence (CN113487246A)

[0007] This invention patent application relates to the field of power plant site selection and discloses an artificial intelligence-based battery site selection system and method. The method uses a drone equipped with a lidar and an RGB camera to acquire three-dimensional terrain data and RGB images of the terrain surface. Based on the positional relationship between the upper and lower reservoirs of the pumped storage power station, it determines the candidate sites of the pumped storage power station, predicts the risk level and peak shaving and valley filling effect of the ideal combination of sites, constructs a comprehensive evaluation model, and obtains the optimal combination of pumped storage power stations based on this model.

[0008] This method differs significantly from the site selection principles required by the "Specification for the Compilation of Site Selection Planning for Pumped Storage Power Stations" (NB / T 35009-2013). In the practice of planning and selecting sites for pumped storage power stations, the site selection principles generally include conditions such as elevation difference, distance-to-elevation ratio, geology, water source, environmentally sensitive factors, reservoir inundation, and transportation conditions. The site selection stage is not closely related to the peak-shaving and valley-filling function of the power grid, and there are certain differences from actual applications.

[0009] 3) Song Yunli, Lü Peng, Wu Baiyu, et al. Research on site selection scheme of pumped storage power station based on arcpy and DEM [J]. Yunnan Hydropower, 2022, 38(4):4.

[0010] Based on the topographical requirements for pumped storage power station site selection and existing watershed vector data and DEM data of the study area, this paper proposes a reasonable and effective site selection method for pumped storage power stations, taking into account reservoir capacity, dam length, and the number of secondary dams. This method utilizes Python programming language to read and edit the feature attribute table, and employs the arcpy site package to call ArcGIS spatial analysis tools to establish a preliminary site selection algorithm for pumped storage power stations. This aims to advance the planning and preliminary preparation for pumped storage power station site selection, providing scientific reference and theoretical basis for the development and construction of pumped storage power stations.

[0011] The method proposed in this paper is similar to that in CN106284239B, focusing on surveying sites from the perspective of individual site capacity. It does not consider other site selection principles required by the "Specification for the Compilation of Site Selection Planning for Pumped Storage Power Stations" (NB / T 35009-2013), and differs significantly from the actual site selection work for pumped storage.

[0012] It is evident that the current methods for selecting pumped storage sites in actual production practice have drawbacks such as high labor costs, low site selection efficiency, easy omission of some high-quality sites, and scattered site selection results. Summary of the Invention

[0013] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for selecting a site for a pumped storage power station, terminal equipment and storage medium, which addresses the shortcomings of the existing technology, narrows the selection range of pumped storage power stations, improves the accuracy of pumped storage power station site selection, and shortens the time required for site selection.

[0014] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for site selection of pumped storage power stations, comprising the following steps:

[0015] Covariance is used to measure the similarity between two reservoirs: Cov(χ²) i ,χ j )=E[(χ i -μ i )×(χ j -μ j )]; where, χ i , χ j These are the characteristic vectors of reservoirs i and j, respectively, and the eigenvector of the reservoir is χ = [x d ,x l ,x h ,x s ], x d Indicates the water diversion distance from the current reservoir to the upper / lower reservoir, x lLet x represent the length of the reservoir dam, and xh represent the height of the reservoir dam. s Indicates the shape of the reservoir. Let μ represent the length of the reservoir dam, s represent the distance from the midpoint of the dam's axis to the farthest point of the reservoir, and μ represent the distance from the midpoint of the dam's axis to the farthest point of the reservoir. i μ j χ i and χ j The average value;

[0016] Cov(χ) i ,χ j Reservoirs with a threshold value greater than σ are classified into one category; σ is the set threshold value.

[0017] The reservoirs were scored after classification, and the top M% of the reservoirs were selected as candidate sites.

[0018] This invention applies a similarity classification method to the pumped storage site selection method. The site selection process takes into account objective factors such as the water diversion distance from the current reservoir to the upper / lower reservoir, the length and height of the reservoir dam, and the reservoir shape, thereby improving the accuracy of pumped storage site selection and shortening the time required for site selection.

[0019] In this invention, the process of determining the upper / lower reservoir includes:

[0020] S1. Acquire topographic data, river system data, grid corridor data, land use type data, population and economic development data, solar and wind energy data, and distribution data of existing hydropower stations and pumped storage power stations to construct a multi-source heterogeneous database;

[0021] S2. Use GIS overlay analysis function to filter out areas that avoid urban and major engineering facility land use types (in this invention, major engineering facility land use types refer to areas where railways and highways are located); use terrain data to filter out areas with an altitude greater than the set altitude and a slope greater than the set slope.

[0022] S3. Based on the area filtered by S2, generate water systems and contour lines using terrain data;

[0023] S4. Traverse all nodes of the water system and generate a reservoir according to the following constraints:

[0024]

[0025] l i =distance(p i1 ,p i2 );

[0026] h i =h ic -h imin ;

[0027]

[0028] Among them, l i Let h be the dam length of the reservoir formed by the i-th water system node. i V represents the maximum dam height of the reservoir formed at the i-th water system node. i L is the reservoir capacity formed by the i-th water system node. max H is the maximum allowable dam length for the project. max The maximum allowable dam height is given by p. `distance()` represents the Euclidean distance between two points. i1 ,p i2 h represents the two intersections of the dam axis and the same contour line. ic h represents the elevation of the contour lines. imin Δh represents the lowest elevation of the section along which the reservoir dam is located, s represents the area of ​​the terrain grid, and Δh represents the area of ​​the terrain grid. j The elevation difference between the contour plane and the terrain is given by , and n is the total number of grid cells within the contour area.

[0029] S5. Using the reservoir generated in step S4 as the upper / lower reservoir, find the corresponding lower / upper reservoir according to the following constraints:

[0030]

[0031]

[0032] Among them, IC i For the installed capacity of pumped storage power stations, l' i h' represents the water diversion distance between the upper and lower reservoirs. i For the difference in elevation between the upper and lower reservoirs, r i The distance-to-height ratio between the upper and lower reservoirs. This represents the maximum distance between the upper and lower reservoirs. R represents the minimum and maximum water head of the upper and lower reservoirs, respectively. max The maximum distance-to-height ratio is given by A, where A is the output coefficient and V is the maximum distance-to-height ratio. up V down These represent the storage capacities of the upper and lower reservoirs, respectively, and t represents time in seconds.

[0033] This invention applies GIS spatial analysis functions to the site selection algorithm for pumped storage power stations, and realizes automatic reservoir search function by utilizing water systems and contour lines; it also digitizes expert experience, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of pumped storage power station site selection.

[0034] The set height is 200m and the set slope is 3°.

[0035] In this invention, considering both efficiency and accuracy, σ is set to a value of 0.4 to 0.6.

[0036] The reservoir score after classification Qw The calculation formula is:

[0037] Q w = w1×IC - w2×S - w3×r - w4×l;

[0038] Where IC is the installed capacity in 10,000 kilowatts, S is the area of ​​submerged houses and permanent basic farmland in 10,000 square meters, r is the distance-to-height ratio, l is the length of the reservoir dam in meters, and w1, w2, w3, and w4 are the corresponding weights.

[0039] In this invention, M=25, that is, the top 20% of reservoirs in terms of score are selected as candidate sites, further narrowing down the selection range.

[0040] As an inventive concept, the present invention also provides an electronic device comprising:

[0041] One or more processors;

[0042] A memory having stored one or more programs that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the steps of the method described above.

[0043] As an inventive concept, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps described above.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention applies the similarity classification method to the pumped storage site selection method. By analyzing the pumped storage sites, a reservoir classification model based on similarity is constructed. The final reservoir location is optimized by weight assignment method, which reduces labor costs, narrows the scope of pumped storage site selection, improves the accuracy of pumped storage site selection, and shortens the time required for site selection. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is the data analysis process for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 The curves showing the relationship between similarity and the number of remaining reservoirs and the number of missed reservoirs;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a method for site selection of pumped storage power stations, including the following steps:

[0051] Step 1: Construct a multi-source heterogeneous big data spatial database. Input topographic data (30m-level public DEM or fine DEM based on measured topographic maps), river system data (publicly available shapefile data), grid corridor data (data collected from the power grid), land use type data (data collected from the Natural Resources Bureau), population and economic development data (sourced from statistical yearbooks), solar and wind energy data (downloaded from platforms such as DaXian), and distribution data of existing hydropower stations and pumped storage power stations;

[0052] Step 2: As Figure 1 As shown, based on the above database, through terrain analysis, areas with an altitude greater than 200m and a slope greater than 3° were selected as candidate areas. Due to the low precipitation in these candidate areas, and considering the water replenishment from evaporation and leakage of pumped storage power stations, the neighborhood analysis function of GIS software was used to further filter out areas within a 200km radius of the river system. Through the overlay analysis function of GIS software, areas close to abundant new energy sources and with less flooding of residential land and arable land were further filtered out.

[0053] Step 3: In the area selected in Step 2, generate water systems and contour lines using terrain data (accuracy better than 30m). In this embodiment, considering both calculation speed and accuracy, contour lines with a spacing of 20m are generated using the terrain data, and water systems with a threshold of 300 are also generated using the same terrain data. Here, the threshold represents the flow rate through the terrain grid; 300 means that when the flow rate through a certain terrain grid reaches 300, that grid is identified as a water system. The smaller this value, the more detailed the water system generation, but the slower the corresponding calculation speed.

[0054] Step 4: Traverse all nodes of the water system generated in Step 3, and generate the reservoir surface according to the following constraints:

[0055]

[0056] l i =distance(p i1 ,pi2 )

[0057] h i =h ic -h imin

[0058]

[0059] In the formula: l i For the length of the reservoir dam, h i Because the dam of the reservoir is high, V i For the reservoir capacity, L max H is the maximum allowable dam length for the project. max This represents the maximum allowable dam height for the project. `distance()` represents the Euclidean distance between two points, p i1 ,p i2 Let s be the two intersection points of the dam axis and the same contour line, s be the area of ​​the terrain grid, and Δh be the area of ​​the topographic grid. j denoted as , where is the elevation difference between the contour plane and the terrain, and n is the total number of grid cells within the isosurface area.

[0060] Step 5: Using the reservoir generated in Step 4 as the upper / lower reservoir, find the lower / upper reservoir according to the following constraints:

[0061]

[0062]

[0063]

[0064] Where: IC i For the installed capacity of pumped storage power stations, l' i h' is the distance between the upper and lower reservoirs for water diversion. i For the height difference between the upper and lower reservoirs, r i It is the distance-to-height ratio between the upper and lower reservoirs (the ratio of the distance between the upper and lower reservoirs to the difference in their heights). This is the maximum distance between the upper and lower reservoirs. These represent the minimum and maximum water heads of the upper and lower reservoirs, respectively, R. max This represents the maximum distance-to-height ratio. A is the output coefficient, and V... up V down These represent the storage capacities of the upper and lower reservoirs, respectively, and t represents time (in seconds).

[0065] Step 6: Since the number of reservoirs searched according to the above constraints is too large, and most reservoirs have a certain degree of similarity, to reduce computational redundancy, a vector is constructed with elements such as the water diversion distance from the upper reservoir to the lower reservoir, the dam length, the dam height, and the reservoir morphology. The covariance similarity method is then used to group reservoirs with higher similarity (Cov(χ²)). i ,χ jReservoirs with a length greater than or equal to σ are grouped into one category. The reservoir morphology is represented by the ratio of the dam length to the distance from the midpoint of the dam axis to the farthest point of the reservoir. In this embodiment of the invention, the covariance similarity method is used to classify the reservoirs in step 5.

[0066] Define the reservoir vector χ = [x d ,x l ,x h ,x s Describe the characteristics of the reservoir, where x d This represents the water diversion distance from the reservoir to the upper / lower reservoir, x. l Let x represent the length of the reservoir dam, and xh represent the height of the reservoir dam. s Indicates the shape of the reservoir. Where l represents the length of the reservoir dam, and s represents the distance from the midpoint of the dam axis to the farthest point of the reservoir. The following covariance is used to measure the similarity between two reservoirs:

[0067] Cov(χ i ,χ j )=E[(χ i -μ i )×(χ j -μ j )]

[0068] Where, χ i , χ j Let μ be the characteristic vector of reservoirs i and j, respectively. i μ j χ i and x j The average value. The similarity (Cov(χ²)) is high. i ,χ j Reservoirs with a threshold value greater than σ are classified into one category. Based on extensive data experiments, as the threshold increases, the number of reservoirs decreases in an inverse functional relationship (e.g., ...). Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the number of missed reservoirs shows an upward trend that is slow at first and then fast. Considering both efficiency and accuracy, it is recommended that σ be between 0.4 and 0.6.

[0069] Step 7: Since the inundation of residential land and farmland by reservoirs will affect the construction and benefits of pumped storage power stations, and land use type data cannot express a detailed land use situation, the overlay analysis function of GIS software is used to determine the land use type, area, and economic losses caused by reservoir inundation. The reservoirs classified in Step 6 are then scored according to the following weighting method, and the top 25% of reservoirs are selected as candidate sites.

[0070] Q w = w1×IC - w2×S - w3×r - w4×l

[0071] Where IIC is the installed capacity in 10,000 kilowatts, S is the area of ​​submerged houses and permanent basic farmland in 10,000 square meters, r is the distance-to-height ratio (the ratio of the distance between the upper and lower reservoirs to the height difference), l is the length of the reservoir dam in meters, and w1, w2, w3, and w4 are the corresponding weights.

[0072] In this embodiment, an expert scoring function is used, considering the positive excitation of installed capacity and the negative excitations of reservoir inundation, distance-to-height ratio (the ratio of the distance between the upper and lower reservoirs to the height difference), and reservoir dam length, according to Q. w The scoring principle is =w1×IC-w2×S-w3×r-w4×l. The reservoirs classified in step 6 are scored, and the reservoir with the highest score is selected as the optimal station.

[0073] Table 1. Partial Parameter Table of Example 1

[0074]

[0075] Table 2 Calculation Results of Example 1

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] The site accuracy rate was: Where N p N represents the total number of stations. a This refers to the number of sites that do not meet the criteria during manual review.

[0079] The calculation results show that the embodiments of the present invention can greatly improve the speed of point selection, and the accuracy of point selection meets the requirements of engineering applications.

[0080] In another example of the embodiments of the present invention, the purpose of site selection is to select small and medium-sized pumped storage sites, which require an installed capacity of no more than 600,000 kW. Therefore, the parameters in Table 3 have been adjusted accordingly.

[0081] Table 3 Partial Parameter Table

[0082]

[0083] Table 4 Calculation Results

[0084]

[0085]

[0086] The calculation results show that the embodiments of the present invention can greatly improve the speed of point selection, and the accuracy of point selection meets the requirements of engineering applications.

[0087] Example 2

[0088] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a terminal device corresponding to Embodiment 1 above. The terminal device can be a processing device for a client, such as a laptop computer, a desktop computer, etc., to execute the method of the above embodiments.

[0089] The terminal device in this embodiment includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory; the processor executes the computer program in the memory to implement the steps of the method in Embodiment 1 described above.

[0090] In some implementations, the memory may be high-speed random access memory (RAM), and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device.

[0091] In other implementations, the processor can be any type of general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or a digital signal processor (DSP), and there is no limitation here.

[0092] Example 3

[0093] Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium corresponding to Embodiment 1 above, on which a computer program / instructions are stored. When the computer program / instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the steps of the method of Embodiment 1 above.

[0094] A computer-readable storage medium can be a tangible device that holds and stores instructions for use by an instruction execution device. A computer-readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any combination thereof.

[0095] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code. The solutions in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in various computer languages, such as the object-oriented programming language Java and the interpreted scripting language JavaScript.

[0096] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0097] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0098] Although preferred embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this application.

[0099] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for site selection of a pumped storage power station, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Covariance is used to measure the similarity between two reservoirs: ;in, , Reservoirs , The characteristic vector of the reservoir , This indicates the current water diversion distance from the reservoir to the upper / lower reservoir. Indicates the length of the reservoir dam. This indicates the height of the reservoir dam. Indicates the shape of the reservoir. , Indicates the length of the reservoir dam. This represents the distance from the midpoint of the reservoir dam's axis to the farthest point of the reservoir. , They are respectively and The average value; Will The reservoirs are classified into one category; The set threshold; The classified reservoirs were scored, and the top M% of the scored reservoirs were selected as candidate sites. The process of determining the upper / lower reservoir includes: S1. Acquire topographic data, river system data, grid corridor data, land use type data, population and economic development data, solar and wind energy data, and distribution data of existing hydropower stations and pumped storage power stations to construct a multi-source heterogeneous database; S2. Use GIS overlay analysis function to filter out areas that avoid urban and major engineering facilities land use types; use terrain data to filter out areas with an altitude greater than the set altitude and a slope greater than the set slope. S3. Based on the area filtered by S2, generate water systems and contour lines using terrain data; S4. Traverse all nodes of the water system and generate a reservoir according to the following constraints: ； ； ； ； in, i This represents the discrete node number of the water system. For the first The dam length of the reservoir is formed by several water system nodes. For the first The maximum dam height of a reservoir is determined by the number of water system nodes. For the first The reservoir's capacity is formed by the nodes of the water system. The maximum dam length allowed by the project. The maximum dam height allowed by the project. This represents the Euclidean distance between two points. These are the two intersections of the dam axis and the same contour line. This represents the elevation of the contour lines. This is the lowest elevation of the section of the line where the reservoir dam is located. The area of ​​the terrain grid. The elevation difference between the contour line plane and the terrain. n This represents the total number of grid cells within the isosurface area. S5. Using the reservoir generated in step S4 as the upper / lower reservoir, find the corresponding lower / upper reservoir according to the following constraints: ； ； ； in, This refers to the installed capacity of pumped storage power stations. The distance between the upper and lower reservoirs for water diversion. The difference in elevation between the upper and lower reservoirs The distance-to-height ratio between the upper and lower reservoirs. This represents the maximum distance between the upper and lower reservoirs. These represent the minimum and maximum water heads of the upper and lower reservoirs, respectively. The maximum distance-to-height ratio, This is the output coefficient. , These are the storage capacities of the upper and lower reservoirs, respectively. Time is measured in seconds.

2. The method for selecting a site for a pumped storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The set height is 200m and the set slope is 3°.

3. The method for selecting a site for a pumped storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The value ranges from 0.4 to 0.

6.

4. The method for site selection of pumped storage power stations according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The reservoirs were scored after being categorized, and the scores were... The calculation formula is: ； in, The installed capacity is expressed in tens of thousands of kilowatts. The area of ​​submerged houses and permanent basic farmland is measured in ten thousand square meters. This is the ratio of the distance between the upper and lower reservoirs to their elevation difference. The length of the reservoir dam is in meters. These are the corresponding weights.

5. The method for site selection of pumped storage power stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, M=25。 6. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors; A memory having stored one or more programs thereon, which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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