Techniques for determining an orbital angular momentum transmitter circle

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A first device (e.g., a transmitting device) can receive, from a second device (e.g., a receiving device), an indication of one or more parameters associated with communications between the second device and the first device. The first device can determine, based on the one or more parameters, a transmitter circle of a set of transmitter circles for an orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode of a set of OAM modes for communications with the second device. The first device can transmit, to the second device, a message using the transmitter circle according to the OAM mode based on the determination.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The following text relates to wireless communication, including techniques for determining the orbital angular momentum (OAM) transmitter circle. Background Technology

[0002] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, and broadcasting. These systems may be able to support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth-generation (4G) systems (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, improved LTE (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems) and fifth-generation (5G) systems (which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems). These systems may employ technologies such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), or Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple access communication system may include one or more base stations or one or more network access nodes, each supporting communication with multiple communication devices (which may also be referred to as User Equipment (UE)) simultaneously. To improve system throughput and reliability, efficient technologies for transmitting information in such systems are desired. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The described technology relates to improved methods, systems, apparatuses, and devices for supporting techniques for determining orbital angular momentum (OAM) transmitter circles. In summary, the described technology provides an enhanced OAM multiplexing process. In some implementations, a first device (such as a transmitting device) and a second device (such as a receiving device) may each be equipped with one or more antenna circles (e.g., a uniform circular array (UCA)), which can allow the first and second devices to communicate on one or more antenna circles according to one or more OAM modes. In some aspects, the first device (e.g., a user equipment (UE), base station, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, relay node, etc.) or the second device (e.g., a UE, base station, IAB node, relay node, etc.) or both can determine a transmission scheme for the first device to use to send messages to the second device. For example, the first device, or the second device, or both can be configured to determine which OAM mode can be transmitted by which antenna circle (e.g., transmitter circle) of the first device. In some cases, the second device may select a transmitter circle for each OAM mode (e.g., select a transmitter circle preferred by the second device), and the second device may send a report to the first device instructing the second device on the selected transmitter circle for each OAM mode. In some cases, based on the report from the second device, the first device may transmit messages in at least one mode via the transmitter circle associated with the OAM mode. In some cases, the second device may determine one or more communication parameters associated with the second device, the first device, or both, such as one or more channel parameters (e.g., path loss, communication distance) or one or more receiver parameters (e.g., receiver antenna circle radius). The second device may send an instruction to the first device on one or more parameters, which the first device may use to select a transmitter circle for one or more OAM modes. The first device may transmit messages in at least one mode via the corresponding transmitter circle selected by the first device.

[0004] A method for wireless communication at a first device is described. The method may include: receiving from a second device an indication of one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and the first device; determining, based on the one or more parameters, a transmitter circle from a set of transmitter circles of a set of orbital angular momentum modes for communication with the second device; and, based on the determination, sending a message to the second device using the transmitter circle according to the orbital angular momentum mode.

[0005] An apparatus for wireless communication at a first device is described. The apparatus may include: a processor, a memory in electronic communication with the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: receive from a second device an indication of one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and the first device; determine, based on the one or more parameters, a transmitter circle from a set of multiple transmitter circles of multiple orbital angular momentum modes for communication with the second device; and, based on the determination, transmit a message to the second device using the transmitter circle according to the orbital angular momentum mode.

[0006] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a first device is described. The apparatus may include: a unit for receiving from a second device an indication of one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and the first device; a unit for determining, based on one or more parameters, a transmitter circle from a set of multiple transmitter circles representing multiple orbital angular momentum modes for communication with the second device; and a unit for, based on the determination, using the transmitter circle according to the orbital angular momentum mode to send a message to the second device.

[0007] A non-transitory computer-readable medium is described, storing code for wireless communication at a first device. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: receive from a second device an indication of one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and the first device; determine, based on the one or more parameters, a transmitter circle from a set of multiple transmitter circles of a set of multiple orbital angular momentum modes for communication with the second device; and, based on this determination, transmit a message to the second device using the transmitter circle according to the orbital angular momentum mode.

[0008] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for transmitting one or more reference signals via each of a set of multiple transmitter circles, according to a corresponding orbital angular momentum pattern in a set of multiple orbital angular momentum patterns.

[0009] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for transmitting an indication of the association between a set of reference signal resources for one or more reference signals and a corresponding orbital angular momentum mode-transmitter circle pairing.

[0010] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving an indication of one or more parameters may include operations, features, units or instructions for receiving an indication of a corresponding transmitter circle for each of a set of multiple orbital angular momentum modes, based on one or more reference signals.

[0011] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for receiving a set of multiple channel gain measurements, each channel gain measurement being associated with a corresponding orbital angular momentum mode-transmitter circle pairing.

[0012] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the transmitter circles in the set of multiple transmitter circles for a set of multiple orbital angular momentum modes may be determined based on an indication of the transmitter circle selected for each orbital angular momentum mode, or a set of multiple channel gain measurements, or both.

[0013] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving an indication of one or more parameters may include an operation, feature, unit or instruction for receiving a channel gain measurement associated with each transmitted reference signal.

[0014] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving an instruction for one or more parameters may include an operation, feature, unit or instruction for receiving a channel gain measurement associated with each mode, wherein the channel gain measurement may be the highest channel gain measurement associated with that mode.

[0015] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving an indication of one or more parameters may include an operation, feature, unit or instruction for receiving an indication of one or more channel parameters, or one or more receiver device parameters, or both.

[0016] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, one or more channel parameters include path loss measurements between the second device and the first device, or communication distances between the second device and the first device, or both.

[0017] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, one or more receiver device parameters include the radius of one or more receiver circles of the second device.

[0018] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following: calculating the channel gain for each orbital angular momentum mode-transmitter circular pairing based on one or more parameters.

[0019] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the transmitter circles in the set of multiple transmitter circles for a set of multiple orbital angular momentum modes can be determined based on the channel gain calculated for each corresponding orbital angular momentum mode-transmitter circle pair.

[0020] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving an indication for one or more parameters may include operations, features, units or instructions for receiving an indication for one or more parameters from a second device via: a radio resource control message, a media access control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE) message, a downlink control information (DCI) message, an uplink control information (UCI) message, a sidelink control information (SCI) message, or a combination thereof.

[0021] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for sending a configuration message to a second device indicating a transmitter circle determined for the orbital angular momentum mode.

[0022] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the transmitter circle comprises a uniform circular array, which includes a collection of multiple transmitter antennas.

[0023] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, sending a message may include operations, features, units or instructions for performing the following: sending a message to a second device via each of a set of multiple orbital angular momentum modes and using each transmitter circle associated with each orbital angular momentum mode.

[0024] A method for wireless communication at a second device is described. The method may include: determining one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and a first device; sending an indication to the first device of the one or more parameters determined by the second device; and receiving a message from the first device via a transmitter circle from a set of multiple transmitter circles, based on an orbital angular momentum mode from a set of multiple orbital angular momentum modes.

[0025] An apparatus for wireless communication at a second device is described. The apparatus may include: a processor, a memory in electronic communication with the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: determine one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and a first device; send an indication to the first device of the one or more parameters determined by the second device; and receive messages from the first device via a transmitter circle from a set of multiple transmitter circles, based on an orbital angular momentum mode from a set of multiple orbital angular momentum modes.

[0026] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a second device is described. The apparatus may include: a unit for determining one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and a first device; a unit for sending an indication to the first device of the one or more parameters determined by the second device; and a unit for receiving messages from the first device via a transmitter circle from a set of multiple transmitter circles, based on an orbital angular momentum mode from a set of multiple orbital angular momentum modes.

[0027] A non-transitory computer-readable medium is described, storing code for wireless communication at a second device. The code may include processor-executable instructions to: determine one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and a first device; send an indication to the first device of the one or more parameters determined by the second device; and receive messages from the first device via a transmitter circle from a set of multiple transmitter circles, based on an orbital angular momentum mode from a set of multiple orbital angular momentum modes.

[0028] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for receiving one or more reference signals via each of a set of multiple transmitter circles, according to a corresponding orbital angular momentum mode in a set of multiple orbital angular momentum modes.

[0029] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for receiving an indication of association between a set of reference signal resources for one or more reference signals and a corresponding orbital angular momentum mode-transmitter circle pairing.

[0030] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following: calculating a channel gain measurement for each reference signal received by a second device, the channel gain measurement being associated with orbital angular momentum mode-transmitter circle pairing.

[0031] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following: selecting a transmitter circle from a set of multiple transmitter circles for each of a set of multiple orbital angular momentum modes based on a channel gain measurement calculated for each reference signal received by the second device.

[0032] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, sending an instruction to one or more parameters may include an operation, feature, unit or instruction for sending an instruction to a corresponding transmitter circle selected for each of a set of multiple orbital angular momentum modes.

[0033] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, sending an indication of one or more parameters may include operations, features, units or instructions for sending a channel gain measurement associated with each received reference signal.

[0034] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, sending an instruction for one or more parameters may include an operation, feature, unit or instruction for sending a channel gain measurement associated with each mode, wherein the channel gain measurement may be the highest channel gain measurement associated with that mode.

[0035] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for determining one or more channel parameters, one or more receiver device parameters, or both.

[0036] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, sending an indication of one or more parameters may include operations, features, units or instructions for performing an instruction of one or more channel parameters, or one or more receiver device parameters, or both.

[0037] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, one or more channel parameters include path loss measurements between the second device and the first device, or communication distances between the second device and the first device, or both.

[0038] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, one or more receiver device parameters include the radius of one or more receiver circles of the second device.

[0039] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, sending an indication of one or more parameters may include operations, features, units or instructions for performing the following: sending an indication of one or more parameters to a first device via a radio resource control message, a MAC-CE message, a DCI message, a UCI message, an SCI message, or a combination thereof.

[0040] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following: receiving from a first device a configuration message indicating orbital angular momentum mode-transmitter circular pairing, wherein a second device receives the message based on the configuration message.

[0041] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the transmitter circle comprises a uniform circular array, which includes a collection of multiple transmitter antennas.

[0042] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving a message may include operations, features, units or instructions for performing the following: receiving a message from a first device via each of a set of multiple orbital angular momentum modes and using each transmitter circle associated with each orbital angular momentum mode. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system is shown that supports techniques for determining the orbital angular momentum (OAM) transmitter circle according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0044] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system is shown that supports techniques for determining the OAM transmitter circle according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0045] Figure 3 An example of a spiral phase plate (SPP) OAM configuration is shown, which supports techniques for determining the OAM transmitter circle according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0046] Figure 4 An example of a uniform circular array (UCA) OAM configuration is shown, which supports techniques for determining the OAM transmitter circle according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0047] Figure 5 An example of a multi-circle UCA-based OAM configuration is shown, which supports various aspects of this disclosure for determining the OAM transmitter circle.

[0048] Figure 6 and Figure 7An example of the process flow supporting the techniques used to determine the OAM transmitter circle according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown.

[0049] Figure 8 and Figure 9 A block diagram of an apparatus for determining the OAM transmitter circle is shown, supporting various aspects of this disclosure.

[0050] Figure 10 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting techniques for determining the OAM transmitter circle, according to various aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0051] Figure 11 A diagram of a system for a UE, including techniques for determining the OAM transmitter circle, is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0052] Figure 12 A diagram of a system including a base station supporting a technology for determining the OAM transmitter circle is shown, according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0053] Figures 13 to 16 A flowchart illustrating a method for determining the OAM transmitter circle, supported by various aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0054] In some wireless communication systems, wireless devices (such as base stations or user equipment (UEs), or both) can perform directional communication, for example, by using beams to direct communication signals in one or more directions. In some systems, such as communication systems with orbital angular momentum (OAM) capability, wireless devices can use OAM beams for communication. In addition to providing signal directionality, OAM beams can also provide an additional dimension for signal or channel multiplexing. In some aspects, for example, such an additional dimension can include the states or modes of the OAM beam, where different states or modes of the OAM beam can be orthogonal to each other. Therefore, different OAM states or modes can be multiplexed together to increase the capacity of the OAM link. In some cases, wireless devices can use methodologies based on spiral phase plates (SPP) or uniform circular arrays (UCA) to generate OAM beams.

[0055] In some cases, the transmitting and receiving devices may each be equipped with one or more antenna circles (e.g., a uniform circular array (UCA)), which allows the transmitting and receiving devices to communicate according to one or more OAM modes. In an OAM-based communication system (where the transmitting or receiving device, or both, are equipped with multiple antenna circles), the efficiency of each antenna circle (e.g., the channel gain of each antenna circle) may be different for each OAM mode. For example, the signal generated by the first antenna circle according to the first OAM mode may have a different channel gain than the signal generated by the second antenna circle according to the first OAM mode. To improve the efficiency and throughput of an OAM communication system, the transmitting device (e.g., a user equipment (UE), base station, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, relay node, etc.) or the receiving device (e.g., a UE, base station, IAB node, relay node, etc.) or both may determine a transmission scheme for the transmitting device to send messages (e.g., data messages, control messages) to the receiving device. For example, a transmitting device or a receiving device, or both, can be configured to determine which antenna circle (e.g., transmitter circle) of the transmitting device is used for each OAM mode in order to optimize the data throughput for each OAM mode.

[0056] In some cases, the transmitting device may transmit one or more reference signals according to each OAM mode and using each transmitter circle, resulting in one or more reference signals being transmitted in OAM mode and transmitter circle pairings (e.g., pairs, combinations). The receiving device may receive one or more reference signals, perform measurements (e.g., channel gain, RSRP, SNR, RSRQ) on each of the received reference signals, and select a transmitter circle for each OAM mode based on the reference signal measurements (e.g., selecting a transmitter circle preferred by the receiving device). The receiving device may send a report to the transmitting device instructing the receiving device on the transmitter circle selected for each OAM mode. The transmitting device may receive the report and may send messages (e.g., data messages, control messages) to the receiving device according to at least one OAM mode-transmitter circle pairing, such that the transmitting device can transmit messages according to the OAM mode via the transmitter circle associated with the OAM mode, wherein the pairing may be based on the report.

[0057] In some implementations, the receiving device may determine one or more communication parameters associated with the receiving device, the transmitting device, or both, such as one or more channel parameters (e.g., path loss, communication distance) or one or more receiver parameters (e.g., receiver antenna circle radius). The receiving device may send an indication of one or more parameters to the transmitting device, which can use these parameters to select a transmitter circle for each OAM mode (e.g., OAM mode-transmitter circle pairing). In some cases, the transmitting device may perform one or more calculations based on the indicated parameters (such as channel gain measurements), whereby the transmitting device can select a transmitter circle for each OAM mode based on one or more measurements. The transmitting device may send messages (e.g., data messages, control messages) to the receiving device according to at least one OAM mode-transmitter circle pairing.

[0058] Specific aspects of the subject matter described herein can be implemented to achieve one or more advantages. The described techniques can be implemented to achieve enhanced communication between devices (e.g., wireless devices) that transmit or receive via OAM beams. For example, based on the implementation of the described OAM mode-transmitter circle pairing technique, devices can communicate according to the OAM mode via an antenna circle selected for the OAM mode based on the channel gain of the OAM mode-transmitter circle pairing. Therefore, the OAM mode-transmitter circle pairing technique as described herein can support improved throughput (e.g., data throughput) in OAM-based communication systems. Furthermore, based on the greater ability to transmit information using OAM-based communication, wireless devices can experience increased reliability and a greater likelihood of successful communication. Therefore, the supported techniques can include improved network operation, and in some examples, improved network efficiency, among other benefits.

[0059] The various aspects of this disclosure are first described in the context of wireless communication systems. Relationships are described with respect to spiral phase plate (SPP) OAM configurations, uniform circular array (UCA) OAM configurations, multi-circle UCA-based OAM configurations, and process flows. These aspects are further illustrated by apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts relating to techniques for determining the OAM transmitter circle, and are described with reference to these diagrams.

[0060] Figure 1Examples of wireless communication systems 100 supporting techniques for determining OAM transmitter circles according to various aspects of this disclosure are shown. Wireless communication system 100 may include one or more base stations 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, wireless communication system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an improved LTE (LTE-A) network, an LTE-APro network, or a New Radio (NR) network. In some examples, wireless communication system 100 may support enhanced broadband communication, ultra-reliable (e.g., mission-critical) communication, low-latency communication, communication with low-cost and low-complexity devices, or any combination thereof.

[0061] Base stations 105 can be distributed throughout a geographical area to form a wireless communication system 100, and can be devices of different forms or with different capabilities. Base stations 105 and UE 115 can communicate wirelessly via one or more communication links 125. Each base station 105 can provide a coverage area 110, and UE 115 and base station 105 can establish one or more communication links 125 on the coverage area 110. Coverage area 110 can be an example of a geographical area where base station 105 and UE 115 can support signal transmission according to one or more radio access technologies.

[0062] UE 115 can be distributed throughout the entire coverage area 110 of the wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 can be stationary, mobile, or both at different times. UE 115 can be devices of different forms or with different capabilities. Figure 1 Some example UE 115s are shown in the document. The UE 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as other UE 115s, base station 105, or network devices (e.g., core network nodes, relay devices, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, or other network devices). Figure 1 As shown.

[0063] Base station 105 can communicate with core network 130, communicate with each other, or perform both of these operations. For example, base station 105 can interface with core network 130 via one or more backhaul links 120 (e.g., via S1, N2, N3, or other interfaces). Base station 105 can communicate with each other directly (e.g., directly between base stations 105) on backhaul links 120 (e.g., via X2, Xn, or other interfaces), or indirectly (e.g., via core network 130), or perform both of these operations. In some examples, backhaul link 120 can be or includes one or more radio links.

[0064] One or more of the base stations 105 described herein may include, or may be referred to by those skilled in the art as, base station transceiver, radio base station, access point, radio transceiver, node B, evolved node B (eNB), next-generation node B or gigabit node B (any of which may be referred to as gNB), home node B, home evolved node B, or other suitable terms.

[0065] UE 115 may include or be referred to as a mobile device, wireless device, remote device, handheld device, or subscriber device, or some other suitable term, wherein "device" may also be referred to as a unit, station, terminal, or client, and other examples. UE 115 may also include or be referred to as a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablet computer, laptop computer, or personal computer. In some examples, UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, Internet of Things (IoT) device, Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, and other examples, which may be implemented in various items such as appliances, vehicles, meters, and other examples.

[0066] The UE 115 described in this document may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115 that can sometimes act as repeaters, as well as base station 105 and network devices (including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations and other examples), such as Figure 1 As shown.

[0067] UE 115 and base station 105 can communicate wirelessly with each other via one or more communication links 125 on one or more carriers. The term "carrier" can refer to a set of radio frequency spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting communication link 125. For example, a carrier for communication link 125 may include a portion of a radio frequency spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth portion (BWP)) that operates according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling coordinating operation for the carrier, user data, or other signaling. Wireless communication system 100 can support communication with UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. Depending on the carrier aggregation configuration, UE 115 can be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers. Carrier aggregation can be used in conjunction with both frequency division duplex (FDD) component carriers and time division duplex (TDD) component carriers.

[0068] The signal waveform transmitted on a carrier can consist of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multicarrier modulation (MCM) techniques such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) or Discrete Fourier Transform Extended OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM). In a system employing MCM, a resource element can include a symbol period (e.g., the duration of a modulation symbol) and a subcarrier, where the symbol period and subcarrier spacing are inversely related. The number of bits carried through each resource element can depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the decoding rate of the modulation scheme, or both). Therefore, the more resource elements UE 115 receives and the higher the order of the modulation scheme, the higher the data rate can be for UE 115. Wireless communication resources can refer to a combination of radio frequency spectrum resources, temporal resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers or beams), and the use of multiple spatial layers can further increase the data rate or data integrity for communication with UE 115.

[0069] It can be expressed in a basic unit of time (which can be, for example, T). s =1 / (Δf) max ·N f The sampling period is ) seconds, where Δf max This can represent the maximum supported subcarrier spacing, and N f The time interval for base station 105 or UE 115 can be represented as a multiple of the maximum supported Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) size. The time interval for communication resources can be organized based on radio frames, each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame can be identified by a System Frame Number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0070] Each frame may include multiple consecutively numbered subframes or time slots, and each subframe or time slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a number of time slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of time slots, and the number of time slots may depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot may include a number of symbol periods (e.g., this depends on the length of the cyclic prefix added before each symbol period). In some wireless communication systems 100, time slots may be further divided into multiple micro-time slots containing one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may contain one or more (e.g., N) f (Number) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period can depend on the subcarrier spacing or the operating frequency band.

[0071] A subframe, time slot, micro-time slot, or symbol can be the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., in the time domain) and can be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the duration of the TTI (e.g., the number of symbol periods in the TTI) can be variable. Alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 can be dynamically selected (e.g., in a burst form of a shortened TTI (sTTI)).

[0072] Physical channels can be multiplexed on a carrier using various techniques. For example, one or more of Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM), or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques can be used to multiplex physical control channels and physical data channels on a downlink carrier. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) for physical control channels can be defined by the number of symbol periods and can extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) can be configured for a group of UEs 115. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 can monitor or search for control regions for control information based on one or more search space sets, and each search space set can include one or more control channel candidates arranged in a cascaded manner at one or more aggregation levels. The aggregation level for control channel candidates can refer to the number of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with coded information for a control information format having a given payload size. The search space set may include a common search space set configured to send control information to multiple UEs 115 and a UE-specific search space set used to send control information to a specific UE 115.

[0073] In some examples, base station 105 may be mobile, and therefore provide communication coverage for mobile geographic coverage areas 110. In some examples, different geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same base station 105. In other examples, overlapping geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different base stations 105. Wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network, in which different types of base stations 105 use the same or different radio access technologies to provide coverage for various geographic coverage areas 110.

[0074] Wireless communication system 100 can be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low-latency communication, or various combinations thereof. For example, wireless communication system 100 can be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) or mission-critical communication. UE 115 can be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or mission-critical functions (e.g., mission-critical functions). Ultra-reliable communication may include private or group communication and may be supported by one or more mission-critical services (such as mission-critical push-to-talk (MCPTT), mission-critical video (MCVideo), or mission-critical data (MCData)). Support for mission-critical functions may include service prioritization, and mission-critical services may be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, mission-critical, and ultra-reliable low-latency are used interchangeably herein.

[0075] In some examples, UE 115 may also be able to communicate directly with other UE 115s on a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., using peer-to-peer (P2P) or D2D protocols). One or more UEs 115s utilizing D2D communication may be within the geographic coverage area 110 of base station 105. Other UEs 115s in such a group may be outside the geographic coverage area 110 of base station 105 or otherwise unable to receive transmissions from base station 105. In some examples, groups of UEs 115s communicating via D2D communication may utilize a one-to-many (1:M) system, wherein each UE 115 transmits to each other UE 115 in the group. In some examples, base station 105 facilitates the scheduling of resources for D2D communication. In other cases, D2D communication is performed between UEs 115 without involving base station 105.

[0076] Core network 130 can provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. Core network 130 can be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), and can include at least one control plane entity (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), access and mobility management function (AMF)) managing access and mobility, and at least one user plane entity (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or user plane function (UPF)) routing packets to or interconnecting with external networks. The control plane entity can manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for UE 115 served by base station 105 associated with core network 130. User IP packets can be transmitted through the user plane entity, which can provide IP address allocation and other functions. The user plane entity can connect to one or more network operator IP services 150. IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, intranets, IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or packet-switched streaming services.

[0077] Some network devices (e.g., base station 105) may include sub-components such as access network entity 140, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC). Each access network entity 140 may communicate with UE 115 through one or more other access network transport entities 145 (which may be referred to as a radio headend, smart radio headend, or transmit / receive point (TRP)). Each access network transport entity 145 may include one or more antenna panels. In some configurations, the various functions of each access network entity 140 or base station 105 may be distributed across individual network devices (e.g., radio headends and ANCs) or incorporated into a single network device (e.g., base station 105).

[0078] Wireless communication system 100 can operate using one or more frequency bands (typically in the range of 300 MHz to 300 GHz). The region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is typically referred to as the Ultra High Frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelength range extends from approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, but the waves can be sufficiently permeable to penetrate structures for use in macrocells to provide service to UE 115 located indoors. Compared to the transmission of smaller frequencies and longer waves in the lower 300 MHz portion of the spectrum in the High Frequency (HF) or Very High Frequency (VHF) regions, UHF wave transmission can be associated with smaller antennas and shorter distances (e.g., less than 100 km).

[0079] Wireless communication system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands. For example, wireless communication system 100 may employ Licensed Assisted Access (LAA), LTE Unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology in unlicensed frequency bands (such as the 5 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band). When operating in unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands, devices (such as base station 105 and UE 115) may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operation in unlicensed frequency bands may be based on carrier aggregation configurations that combine component carriers operating in licensed frequency bands (e.g., LAA). Operation in unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, peer-to-peer (P2P) transmissions, or digital-to-digital (D2D) transmissions, and other examples.

[0080] Base station 105 or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which can be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication, or beamforming. The antennas of base station 105 or UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels (which may support MIMO operation or transmit or receive beamforming). For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly (e.g., an antenna tower). In some examples, the antennas or antenna arrays associated with base station 105 may be located in different geographical locations. Base station 105 may have an antenna array having a number of rows and columns of antenna ports that base station 105 can use to support beamforming for communication with UE 115. Similarly, UE 115 may have one or more antenna arrays that can support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, antenna panels may support radio frequency beamforming for signals transmitted via antenna ports.

[0081] Beamforming (which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception) is a signal processing technique that can be used at a transmitting or receiving device (e.g., base station 105, UE 115) to form or guide an antenna beam (e.g., transmit beam, receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting and receiving devices. Beamforming can be achieved by combining signals transmitted via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating relative to a specific orientation of the antenna array experience constructive interference, while other signals experience destructive interference. Adjustments to the signals transmitted via the antenna elements can include applying amplitude offset, phase offset, or both to the signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the transmitting or receiving device. The adjustments associated with each antenna element can be defined by a set of beamforming weights associated with a specific orientation (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the transmitting or receiving device, or relative to some other orientation).

[0082] In some wireless communication systems, such as wireless communication system 100, a first device, such as a transmitting device, and a second device, such as a receiving device, may each be equipped with one or more antenna circles (e.g., UCAs), which can allow the first and second devices to communicate on one or more antenna circles according to one or more OAM modes. In some aspects, the first device (e.g., UE 115, base station 105, Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) node, relay node, etc.) or the second device (e.g., UE 115, base station 105, IAB node, relay node, etc.) or both can determine a transmission scheme for the first device to send messages to the second device. For example, the first device, or the second device, or both can be configured to determine which OAM mode can be transmitted by which antenna circle (e.g., transmitter circle) of the first device. In some cases, the second device can select an antenna circle for each OAM mode (e.g., select a transmitter antenna circle preferred by the second device), and the second device can send a report to the first device instructing the second device on the transmitter circle selected for each OAM mode. In some cases, based on a report from a second device, a first device may transmit messages in at least one mode via an antenna circle associated with an OAM mode. In some cases, the second device may determine one or more communication parameters associated with the second device, the first device, or both, such as one or more channel parameters (e.g., path loss, communication distance) or one or more receiver parameters (e.g., receiver antenna circle radius). The second device may send an indication of one or more parameters to the first device, which the first device may use to select an antenna circle for one or more OAM modes. The first device may transmit messages in at least one mode via a corresponding transmitter circle selected by the first device.

[0083] Figure 2Examples of a wireless communication system 200 supporting techniques for determining an OAM transmitter circle according to various aspects of this disclosure are shown. In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 may implement aspects of the wireless communication system 100. The wireless communication system 200 may illustrate communication between a first device 205-a and a second device 210-a, wherein the first device 205-a and the second device 210-a may be the same device or may be different devices. The first device 205-a and the second device 210-a may each be a UE, a base station, an IAB node, etc. The first device 205-a and the second device 210-a may be examples of corresponding devices described herein. In some cases, the first device 205-a or the second device 210-a may serve a geographic coverage area 110-a. In some examples, wireless communication system 200 (which may be an example of a sixth-generation (6G) system, a fifth-generation (5G) system, or other generations of systems) may support OAM-based communication, and therefore, the first device 205-a and the second device 210-a may transmit or receive OAM beams or OAM-related signals on communication link 225 within the geographic coverage area 110-a.

[0084] For example, the first device 205-a or the second device 210-a can support OAM-based communication by using the OAM of electromagnetic waves to distinguish different signals. The OAM of electromagnetic waves can be different from the spin angular momentum (SAM) of electromagnetic waves, and both can contribute to the total angular momentum of electromagnetic waves as defined by Equation 1 in quantum mechanics, as shown below.

[0085] J=∫∫∫r×S dxdydz=∑+L (1)

[0086] As shown in Equation 1, J equals the angular momentum of the electromagnetic wave, r is the position vector, S = E × H and equals the Poynting flux, where E equals the electric field vector and H equals the auxiliary field vector of the magnetic field, ∑ equals the SAM of the electromagnetic wave (and is sometimes alternatively represented as S), and L equals the OAM of the electromagnetic wave. In some cases, the SAM of the electromagnetic wave can be associated with the polarization of the electromagnetic wave. For example, the electromagnetic wave can be associated with different polarizations (e.g., circular polarization) (such as left-hand and right-hand polarization). Therefore, the SAM of the electromagnetic wave can have multiple (e.g., two) degrees of freedom.

[0087] In some cases, the OAM of an electromagnetic wave can be associated with the spatial distribution of the electromagnetic wave's field, which can take the form of a helical or twisted wavefront shape (e.g., in an example where a beam can be associated with a helical or twisted wavefront). For example, an electromagnetic wave (e.g., a beam) can be in a helical mode (which can also be referred to as an OAM mode), and such a helical mode can be characterized by a wavefront shaped as a helix with an optical vortex at its center (e.g., at the beam axis), where each helical mode is associated with a different helical wavefront structure. A helical mode (e.g., an OAM mode, which can also be referred to as an OAM state) can be defined or referred to by a mode index l, where the sign of the mode index l corresponds to the "handicap" (e.g., left-handed or right-handed) of the helix (or multiple helices), and the amplitude of the mode index l (e.g., |l|) corresponds to the number of different but intertwined helices of the electromagnetic wave.

[0088] For example, for an electromagnetic wave associated with an OAM mode index l = 0, the electromagnetic wave is not helical, and the wavefront of the electromagnetic wave is a series of broken surfaces (e.g., the electromagnetic wave is a sequence of parallel planes). For an electromagnetic wave associated with an OAM mode index l = +1, the electromagnetic wave can propagate in a right-handed direction (e.g., with right-hand circular polarization or can be understood as having clockwise circular polarization), and the wavefront of the electromagnetic wave can be shaped as a single helical surface with a step size equal to the wavelength λ of the electromagnetic wave. Similarly, the phase delay of the electromagnetic wave on one revolution can be equal to 2π. Similarly, for an OAM mode index l = -1, the electromagnetic wave can propagate in a left-handed direction (e.g., with left-hand circular polarization or can be understood as having counterclockwise circular polarization), and the wavefront of the electromagnetic wave can also be shaped as a single helical surface with a step size equal to the wavelength λ of the electromagnetic wave. Similarly, the phase delay of the electromagnetic wave on one revolution can be equal to -2π.

[0089] For example, for an OAM mode index l = ±2, the electromagnetic wave can propagate in a right-handed direction (if +2) or a left-handed direction (if -2), and the wavefront of the electromagnetic wave can include two distinct but interlaced helical surfaces. In such an example, the step size of each helical surface can be equal to λ / 2. Similarly, the phase delay of the electromagnetic wave over one revolution can be equal to ±4π. In general, a mode l electromagnetic wave can propagate in either a right-handed or left-handed direction (depending on the sign of l) and can include l distinct but interlaced helical surfaces, where the step size of each helical surface is equal to λ / |l|. Similarly, the phase delay of the electromagnetic wave over one revolution can be equal to 2lπ. In some examples, the electromagnetic wave can extend indefinitely to provide an infinite number of degrees of freedom for the OAM of the electromagnetic wave (e.g., l = 0, ±1, ±2, ..., ±∞). Therefore, the OAM of the electromagnetic wave (e.g., L as defined in Equation 1) can be associated with infinite degrees of freedom.

[0090] In some examples, the OAM mode index l of an electromagnetic wave may correspond to an additional dimension of signal or channel multiplexing, or otherwise serve as (e.g., defined as) an additional dimension of signal or channel multiplexing. For example, each OAM mode or state (which may be infinite) may function similarly (e.g., or equivalently) to a communication channel (such as a subchannel). In other words, an OAM mode or state may correspond to a communication channel, and vice versa. For example, the first device 205-a or the second device 210-a may use electromagnetic waves with different OAM modes or states to transmit separate signals, similar to how the first device 205-b or the second device 210-a may transmit separate signals on different communication channels. In some aspects, this use of OAM modes or states of electromagnetic waves to carry different signals may be referred to as using OAM beaming.

[0091] Furthermore, in some examples, electromagnetic waves with different OAM modes (e.g., OAM states) can be orthogonal to each other (e.g., in the Hilbert sense, where space can include an infinite set of axes, and a sequence can become infinite by always having the next element of the sequence travel along another coordinate direction). Similarly, in the Hilbert sense, orthogonal OAM modes or states can correspond to orthogonal communication channels (e.g., orthogonal sequences transmitted on a communication channel), and based on a potentially infinite number of OAM modes or states, a wireless communication system 200 employing OAM beams can theoretically achieve infinite capacity. For example, theoretically, an infinite number of OAM states or modes can be twisted together for multiplexing, and the capacity of the OAM link can approach infinity while maintaining orthogonality between signals carried by different OAM modes (e.g., indices). However, in practice, non-ideal factors (e.g., Tx / Rx axial or positional errors, propagation divergence, etc.) can lead to crosstalk between OAM modes at the receiver, and therefore a reduced number of concurrent OAM modes (e.g., two or four concurrent OAM modes) can be implemented between wireless devices. In some cases, the first device 205-a or the second device 210-a can use the SPP or UCA methodology to generate such an OAM beam, for example, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The subject of discussion.

[0092] In some aspects, such as regarding Figure 4As described, the first device 205-a or the second device 210-a, or both, may be configured with an antenna set arranged in a circle (such as a UCA antenna circle (e.g., an antenna circle, a transmitter circle)). In some cases, the first device 205-a and the second device 210-a may each be equipped with one or more UCA circles, which the first device 205-a and the second device 210-a may use to communicate according to one or more OAM modes. In scenarios where the first device 205-a, or the second device 210-a, or both are equipped with multiple UCA circles, the efficiency of each UCA circle (e.g., the channel gain of the signal from each UCA circle) may be different for each OAM mode. For example, the signal generated by the first antenna circle according to the first OAM mode may have a different channel gain than the signal generated by the second antenna circle according to the first OAM mode. To improve efficiency and throughput in an OAM communication system, a transmitting device (e.g., first device 205-a, second device 210-a, UE, base station, Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) node, relay node, etc.) or a receiving device (e.g., first device 205-a, second device 210-a, UE, base station, IAB node, relay node, etc.), or both, can determine a transmission scheme for the transmitting device to send messages (e.g., data messages, control messages) to the receiving device. For example, since first device 205-a can send OAM transmission 220 to second device 210-a, first device 205-a can be referred to as the transmitting device, and second device 210-a can be referred to as the receiving device. First device 205-a, or second device 210-a, or both, can be configured to determine which UCA circle of first device 205-a to use for transmission based on each OAM mode, in order to optimize the data throughput of OAM transmission 220 according to each OAM mode.

[0093] In some cases, the first device 205-a may transmit one or more reference signals to the second device 210-a based on each OAM mode and using each UCA circle, resulting in the transmission of one or more reference signals in OAM mode and UCA circle pairings (e.g., pairs, combinations). The first device 205-a may transmit the reference signals via communication link 225-b. The second device 210-a may receive one or more reference signals, perform measurements (e.g., channel gain, RSRP, SNR, RSRQ) on each of the received reference signals, and select a UCA circle for each OAM mode based on the reference signal measurements (e.g., select a UCA circle preferred by the second device 210-a). For example, the second device 210-a may identify a UCA circle for each OAM mode (e.g., a preferred UCA circle) based on identified UCA circles or the set of UCA circles that result in the highest channel gain for the OAM mode. The second device 210-a may send a report to the first device 205-a. For example, the second device 210-a may send communication parameters 215 to the first device 205-a via communication link 225-a (e.g., an uplink communication link, a downlink communication link, a sidelink communication link), wherein the communication parameters 215 may include an indication of the UCA circle selected by the second device 210-a for each OAM mode. In some cases, the communication parameters 215 may include a channel gain measurement (or other reference signal measurement) associated with the selected OAM mode-UCA circle pairing, or a measurement of each received reference signal, or a subset of measurements associated with each OAM mode, such as several highest measurements. The first device may receive a report (e.g., communication parameters 215) and may identify the UCA circle selected by the second device 210-a for each OAM mode. The first device 205-a may determine to use the OAM mode-UCA circle pairing selected by the second device 210-a, or the first device 205-a may select different or partially different pairings based on measurements performed by the first device 205-a or based on measurements received from the second device 210-a, or a combination thereof. In some cases, the first device 205-a may send a configuration message to the second device 210-a, which instructs the first device 205-a to pair with an OAM mode-UCA circle according to its transmission. The first device 205-a may send OAM transmissions (e.g., data transmissions, control message transmissions) to the second device 210-a via communication link 225-b (e.g., uplink communication link, downlink communication link, sidelink communication link) according to at least one OAM mode, via the corresponding UCA circle selected for the OAM mode, wherein the OAM transmissions may be the same as the transmission scheme indicated in the configuration message.

[0094] In some implementations, to select an OAM mode UCA circle pairing, the second device 210-a can be configured to determine one or more communication parameters 215 associated with the second device 210-a, the first device 205-a, or both, such as one or more channel parameters (e.g., path loss, communication distance) or one or more receiver parameters (e.g., receiver antenna circle radius). The second device 210-a can send an indication of one or more communication parameters 215 to the first device 205-a, which the first device 205-a can use to select a transmitter circle for each OAM mode (e.g., OAM mode-transmitter circle pairing). For example, the first device 205-a can receive one or more communication parameters 215 and perform one or more calculations based on the one or more communication parameters 215-a, such as channel gain measurements for each OAM mode and each UCA circle pairing. The first device 205-a can select a UCA circle for each OAM mode based on one or more measurements. In some cases, the first device 205-a may send a configuration message to the second device 210-a, which instructs the first device 205-a to pair with an OAM mode-UCA circle according to its transmission. The first device 205-a may send OAM transmissions (e.g., data transmissions, control message transmissions) to the second device 210-a via communication link 225-b (e.g., uplink communication link, downlink communication link, sidelink communication link) according to at least one OAM mode, via the corresponding UCA circle selected for the OAM mode, wherein the OAM transmissions may be the same as the transmission scheme indicated in the configuration message.

[0095] Furthermore, although shown as first device 205-a transmitting OAM transmissions and second device 210-a transmitting communication parameters, first device 205-a or second device 210-a, or both, may transmit OAM transmissions (e.g., OAM beams) to or receive OAM transmissions (e.g., OAM beams) from or from each other or other wireless devices (such as peers). For example, first device 205-a may be a base station, and second device 210-a may be a base station, or first device 205-a may be a UE, and second device 210-a may be a UE. In another example, first device 205-a may be a base station, and second device 210-a may be a UE, or vice versa. Additionally or alternatively, the techniques discussed herein may be used in communications between UEs, base stations, IAB nodes, relay nodes, access points, other wireless devices, or any combination thereof.

[0096] Figure 3Examples of an SPP OAM configuration 300 supporting techniques for determining the OAM transmitter circle according to various aspects of this disclosure are shown. In some examples, the SPP OAM configuration 300 may implement various aspects of wireless communication systems 100 or 200. In this example, a transmitting device (e.g., a UE or a base station) may include a transmitter OAM component 305, and a receiving device (e.g., a UE or a base station) may include a receiver OAM component 310.

[0097] When a wireless device uses the SPP methodology, the transmitting device can convert an electromagnetic wave 315 associated with an OAM mode index l = 0 (e.g., a non-spiral electromagnetic wave associated with mode zero OAM) through aperture 320 and SPP 325 into an electromagnetic wave associated with an OAM mode index l ≠ 0 (e.g., a spiral electromagnetic wave associated with a non-zero OAM mode). Such an SPP 325 can be associated with geometric constraints and may be able to generate electromagnetic waves associated with a single OAM mode. Therefore, a wireless device can use one SPP 325 to generate one OAM mode of an OAM beam 335. Thus, the wireless device can implement a different SPP 325 for each OAM mode of the OAM beam 335.

[0098] exist Figure 3In the example, two OAM modes can be used (e.g., l = +1 and -1). In the transmitter OAM assembly, a first electromagnetic wave 315-a can be provided to a first aperture 320-a and a first SPP 325-a, and a second electromagnetic wave 315-b can be provided to a second aperture 320-b and a second SPP 325-b. A beam splitter / combiner 330 can combine the outputs of the first SPP 325-a and the second SPP 325-b to generate an OAM beam 335. A receiver OAM assembly 310 can receive the OAM beam 335 as a beam splitter / combiner 340 to provide instances of the OAM beam 335 to a third SPP 325-c and a fourth SPP 325-d, which provide outputs to the first receiver aperture 320-c and the second receiver aperture 320-d, respectively. The third SPP 325-c can have geometric constraints corresponding to the first SPP 325-a, and therefore the output of the first receiver aperture 320-c can correspond to the first electromagnetic wave 315-a (e.g., for OAM mode l. = 1). Similarly, the fourth SPP 325-d can have geometric constraints corresponding to the second SPP 325-b, and therefore the output of the second receiver aperture 320-d can correspond to the second electromagnetic wave 315-b (e.g., for OAM mode l. = 2). In devices using the SPP methodology, a single SPP 325-a can therefore be used for each OAM mode, and the number of SPPs 325 at the device may limit the number of OAM modes that can be used. As discussed, wireless devices can also use the UCA methodology for OAM communication, an example of which is referred to Figure 4 Discussed.

[0099] Figure 4 Examples of a UCA OAM configuration 400 supporting techniques for determining an OAM transmitter circle according to various aspects of this disclosure are shown. In some examples, the UCA OAM configuration 400 may implement various aspects of wireless communication systems 100 or 200. In this example, a transmitting device (e.g., a UE or base station) may include an OAM transmitter UCA antenna 405, and a receiving device (e.g., a UE or base station) may include an OAM receiver UCA antenna 410.

[0100] In some aspects, one or both of the OAM transmitter UCA antenna 405 or the OAM receiver UCA antenna 410 may be implemented as a planar array of antenna elements, which may be an example of a (massive or holographic) MIMO array or a smart surface, or otherwise used as a (massive or holographic) MIMO array or a smart surface. In some cases, the transmitting device may identify the planar array forming the antenna element set 415 of the transmitter UCA, and the receiving device may identify the planar array forming the antenna element set 445 of the receiver UCA.

[0101] When selecting an antenna element set from a planar array, the OAM transmitter can apply weights 435 to each of the selected antenna elements 415 based on the OAM mode index l of the transmitted OAM beam and one or more spatial parameters associated with each antenna element. When using a UCA methodology to generate the OAM beam, the transmitting device can identify the antenna element set 415 on a circular array of antenna elements and can load a first weight set 420 onto each of the identified antenna elements based on a first OAM mode index (e.g., l = 0). Furthermore, for other OAM mode indices, other weights can be applied to the antenna element set 415, such as a second OAM mode index (e.g., l = +1) that can use a second weight set 425 and a third OAM mode index (e.g., l = 1) that can use a third weight set 430.

[0102] For example, to generate an OAM beam with an OAM mode index (e.g., l = 0), the OAM transmitter can load weights 435 onto each antenna element 415 on the UCA based on an angle 440 measured between a reference line on the UCA (e.g., the x-axis of the plane containing the UCA, where the origin is at the center of the UCA) and the antenna elements, and the OAM mode indices l and i (e.g., for complex-valued weights, which may in some cases be alternatively represented as j). In some cases, for example, the weights of antenna element n can be... Proportional, of which This is equal to the angle 440 measured between the reference line on the UCA and the antenna element n. By assigning each weight set 420-430 (e.g., for the first weight set 420, w1 = [w...]),... 1，1 w 1，2 , ..., w 1,8 ] T The corresponding beamforming weight 435 of each antenna is multiplied by the beamforming weight 435 to generate a signal port. If the weight 435 of each antenna 415 is equal to... in Let l be the angle of antenna 415 in the circle (e.g., angle 440 of antenna element 415-g), and l be the OAM mode index. Then each weight set 420430 provides a beamforming port as the equivalent OAM mode l. By using different beamforming weights... Since l′≠l, multiple OAM patterns are generated.

[0103] At the OAM receiver UCA antenna 410, the receiving device may have a receiving antenna element 445 arranged in a circle. The channel matrix from each transmit antenna to each receive antenna can be represented as H, and then for the beamforming channel matrix... Any two columns are orthogonal, meaning there is no crosstalk at the beamforming ports. This allows OAM-based communications to efficiently achieve high levels of spatial multiplexing. Furthermore, the intrinsic transmit precoding weights and receive combination weights of UCA-based OAM are always equal to the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) matrix, which is independent of communication parameters (e.g., distance, aperture size, and carrier frequency), and therefore UCA-based OAM can be implemented at a relatively low cost.

[0104] Figure 5 Examples of a multi-circle UCA-based OAM configuration 500 supporting techniques for determining the OAM transmitter circle according to various aspects of this disclosure are shown. In some examples, the multi-circle UCA-based OAM configuration 500 may implement various aspects of wireless communication systems 100 or 200. In this example, a transmitting device (e.g., UE, base station, first device) may include an OAM transmitter UCA antenna 505, and a receiving device (e.g., UE, base station, and second device) may include an OAM receiver UCA antenna 510.

[0105] For reference Figure 4 The device described herein can be configured with UCA antennas to enable OAM-based communication. In some implementations, the device can be configured with multiple UCA antenna circles 515. For example, the transmitting and receiving devices can each be configured with multiple coaxial UCA antenna circles 515. The transmitting device can be configured with an OAM transmitter UCA antenna 505, and the receiving device can be configured with an OAM receiver UCA antenna 510. The transmitting and receiving devices can be configured with the same number of UCA circles 515 or different numbers of UCA circles. Figure 5In the illustrated example, the transmitting and receiving devices may each be configured with five antenna circles, each of which may include one or more antenna elements 530. Each UCA circle 515 may include any number of antenna elements 530. For example, the transmitting device may be configured with UCA circles 515-a, 515-b, 515-c, 515-d, and 515-e, wherein the number of antenna elements 530 included on each UCA circle 515 may be the same, different, or partially the same. For example, all UCA circles 515 may include the same number of antenna elements 530, or each UCA circle 515 may include a different number of antenna elements 530, or a subset of UCA circles 515 may include the same number of antenna elements 530. In some cases, the number of antenna elements 530 included on each UCA circle 515 may be based on the radius of the UCA circle 515. Each UCA circle 515 in which the device is configured may have the same radius or different radii, or some radii may be the same while some radii may be different. The device, configured with UCA circle 515, can be configured in any orientation. For example, as... Figure 5 As depicted, the UCA circles can each have different radii and are sandwiched, such that one UCA circle 515 is located within another UCA circle 515, etc.

[0106] In some cases, intra-circle OAM transmissions (e.g., OAM signals, OAM streams) can be orthogonal to each other, allowing OAM transmissions from the same UCA circle 515 to avoid interference. Therefore, OAM transmissions from the same UCA circle 515 with different OAM states or modes can be multiplexed to increase the capacity of the OAM link. In other cases, inter-circle OAM transmissions (e.g., OAM signals, OAM streams) can be orthogonal to different OAM modes, allowing OAM transmissions from different UCA circles 515 transmitted according to different OAM modes to be orthogonal to each other. Inter-circle OAM transmissions can also be non-orthogonal to OAM transmissions of the same OAM mode, causing OAM transmissions from different UCA circles 515 transmitted according to the same OAM mode to be non-orthogonal to each other (e.g., causing interference to one another, resulting in crosstalk). For each OAM mode, inter-circle interference may occur where an OAM transport stream from one UCA circle 515 interferes with an OAM transport stream sent from another UCA circle 515, where the two OAM transport streams have the same OAM mode.

[0107] For example, multiple OAM transmissions can be sent from each UCA circle 515, where intra-circle transmissions can be multiplexed if they are associated with different modes. For instance, a transmitting device can send a first OAM transmission according to OAM mode 1 via UCA circle 515-e, and a second OAM transmission according to OAM mode 2 via UCA circle 515-e. A transmitting device can send a third OAM transmission according to OAM mode 1 via UCA circle 515-d, a fourth OAM transmission according to OAM mode 2 via UCA circle 515-d, a fifth OAM transmission according to OAM mode 1 via UCA circle 515-c, a sixth OAM transmission according to OAM mode 2 via UCA circle 515-c, a seventh OAM transmission according to OAM mode 1 via UCA circle 515-b, and an eighth OAM transmission according to OAM mode 2 via UCA circle 515-b. A transmitting device can send one or more OAM transmissions according to one or more OAM modes via UCA circle 515-a.

[0108] As described herein, intra-circular OAM transmissions can be orthogonal. Therefore, the first and second OAM transmissions can be orthogonal to each other and can be multiplexed in some cases. Similarly, the third and fourth transmissions can be orthogonal to each other, the fifth and sixth transmissions can be orthogonal to each other, and the seventh and eighth transmissions can be orthogonal to each other. Furthermore, as described herein, inter-circular OAM transmissions transmitted via different OAM modes can be orthogonal. Therefore, for example, the first transmission can be orthogonal to the fourth, sixth, and eighth transmissions. Moreover, as described herein, inter-circular OAM transmissions transmitted via the same OAM mode can be non-orthogonal. Therefore, for example, the first transmission can be non-orthogonal to the third, fifth, and seventh transmissions.

[0109] In some cases, the transmitting device can simultaneously transmit the first to the eighth transmissions, as described herein. Therefore, the first to the eighth transmissions can be multiplexed into an OAM multiplexed signal 525 via a multi-circle UCA panel, such as multiplexing panel 520, which can multiplex one or more transmissions into the OAM multiplexed signal 525. For example, in-circle transmissions, such as the first and second transmissions, can be multiplexed. In another example, each of the first to the eighth transmissions can be multiplexed. The transmitting device can transmit one or more OAM multiplexed signals 525 to a receiving device, wherein the receiving device's OAM receiver UCA antenna 510 can speare one or more OAM multiplexed signals.

[0110] Furthermore, despite Figure 5The example depicted shows each UCA circle 515 transmitting two modes (mode 1 and mode 2), but each UCA circle 515 can transmit any number of OAM transmissions based on any number of OAM modes. The number of OAM transmissions from each UCA circle 515 can be the same, different, or partially the same, such that all UCA circles 515 at the device can transmit the same number of transmissions, different numbers of transmissions, or some UCA circles 515 can transmit the same number of transmissions while other UCA circles can transmit different numbers of transmissions. Furthermore, although each device... Figure 5 The device is described as being configured with 5 UCA circles 515, but the device can be configured with any number of UCA circles 515.

[0111] In some cases, because inter-circle OAM transmissions of the same mode can interfere with each other, the transmitting device can be configured to transmit a specific mode via a specific UCA circle 515 to mitigate interference caused by inter-cell OAM transmissions of the same mode. The transmitting device, or the receiving device, or both, can be configured to determine a transmission scheme for the transmitting device that indicates which UCA circle 515 should be used to transmit which OAM mode. In some implementations, the channel gain of the OAM transport stream can differ for each UCA circle 515 for each OAM mode, given a set of parameters. Parameters can include system parameters such as the communication distance between the transmitting and receiving devices, the radius of each UCA transmitter circle 515, the radius of each UCA receiver circle 515, the carrier frequency, and the number of antenna elements 530 in each UCA circle 515. For example, for a set of system parameters (where the parameters remain constant), an OAM mode of 2 or -2 may have the maximum channel gain when transmitted via a UCA transmitter circle radius of 0.8 meters. In another example, for the same set of system parameters, an OAM mode of 1 or -1 can have the maximum channel gain when transmitting via a UCA transmitter circle radius of 0.6 meters. In another example, for the same set of system parameters, an OAM mode of 0 can have the maximum channel gain when transmitting via a UCA transmitter circle radius of 0.2 meters. Therefore, to achieve high data throughput, the transmitting device can be configured to transmit OAM transmissions via OAM mode-UCA circle pairing, which results in a large (or maximum) channel gain.

[0112] For reference Figure 2 and Figure 6 As described, the receiving device can be configured to determine the UCA circle for each OAM mode (e.g., optimal UCA circle 515). See reference... Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As described, the transmitting device can be configured to select a UCA circle (e.g., optimal UCA circle 515) for each OAM mode, thereby generating an OAM mode-UCA circle pairing.

[0113] Figure 6 An example of a process flow 600 supporting techniques for determining OAM transmitter circles according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Process flow 600 may illustrate an example OAM mode-transmitter circle pairing process. For example, a first device 205-b (e.g., a transmitting device) or a second device 210-b (e.g., a receiving device), or both, may perform techniques to determine the transmitter circle for transmitting / receiving according to each OAM mode. The first device 205-b and the second device 210-b may be referenced... Figures 1 to 5 Examples of corresponding devices (e.g., wireless devices) described herein, wherein the first device 205-b and the second device 210-b may be the same device or may be different devices. The first device 205-b and the second device 210-b may each be a UE, a base station, an IAB node, etc. The following alternative examples may be implemented, some of which may be performed in a different order than described or not at all. In some cases, the steps may include additional features not mentioned below, or additional steps may be added.

[0114] As described herein, a first device 205-b, or a second device 210-b, or both, can be configured to perform an OAM mode-transmitter circle pairing process to determine which transmitter circle (e.g., optimal transmitter circle) to use for transmitting OAM transmissions based on each OAM mode, in order to achieve high throughput in OAM-based communication systems (e.g., coaxial multi-circle OAM-based communication systems). In some cases, the second device 210-b can be configured to select a transmitter circle (e.g., preferred transmitter circle) for each OAM mode, wherein this selection may be based on reference signal measurements.

[0115] At 605, the first device 205-b can send a reference signal resource map to the second device 210-b. The reference signal resource map can indicate the association between reference signal resources and OAM mode-transmitter circle pairs. For example, each reference signal resource can be assigned to a specific OAM mode and a specific transmitter circle. The reference signal resource map can explicitly indicate which OAM mode and which transmitter circle are associated with each reference signal resource, or it can implicitly indicate which OAM mode and which transmitter circle are associated with each reference signal resource. In some cases, the second device 210-b can be pre-configured with mappings or can be pre-configured with one or more mappings, for example, in a lookup table. The reference signal resource map can indicate an index in the lookup table that maps to which OAM mode and which transmitter circle are associated with each reference signal resource. For example, suppose there are N transmitter circles and M OAM modes. In such a case, the reference signal resource map can indicate that for OAM mode 1, reference signal resources 1 to N are associated with transmitter circles 1 to N. The mapping can indicate that, for OAM mode 2, reference signal resources N+1 to 2N are associated with transmitter circles 1 to N, etc., such that, for OAM mode M, reference signal resources MN-N+1 to MN are associated with transmitter circles 1 to N. The first device 205-b can transmit reference signal resources via Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) control elements (MAC-CE), or via Physical (PHY) layer signaling (such as Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI), and Sidelink Control Information (SCI)).

[0116] For example, the first device 205-b can be configured to transmit OAM transmissions according to two OAM modes (a first mode and a second mode), and the first device 205-b can be configured to have two transmitter circles (a first transmitter circle and a second OAM transmitter circle). Therefore, the first device 205-b can transmit four reference signals, each associated with a different reference signal resource (e.g., time and frequency resources). The first reference signal can be associated with the first OAM mode and the first transmitter circle, the second reference signal can be associated with the first OAM mode and the second transmitter circle, the third reference signal can be associated with the second OAM mode and the first transmitter circle, and the fourth reference signal can be associated with the second OAM mode and the second transmitter circle. The first device 205-b can send an indication of this reference signal resource mapping to the second device 210-b.

[0117] At 610, the first device 205-b can transmit one or more reference signals based on the reference signal resource mapping, such that the first device 205-b can transmit reference signals for each possible OAM mode and transmitter circle pairing. For example, the first device 205-b can transmit first, second, third, and fourth reference signals to the second device 210-b.

[0118] At 615, the second device 210-b can determine the OAM mode-transmitter circle pairing. For example, the second device 210-b can receive one or more reference signals from the reference signals transmitted by the first device 205-b, and the second device 210-b can measure each of the one or more received reference signals. In some cases, the second device 210-b can measure the channel gain of each of the one or more reference signals. In some cases, the second device 210-b can measure the RSRP, RSRQ, SINR, SNR, etc. of one or more reference signals. Based on the measurements, the second device 210-b can determine the transmitter circle (e.g., the optimal transmitter circle) for each OAM mode. For example, the second device 210-b can receive first, second, third, and fourth reference signals and can measure each of the reference signals. The second device 210-b can determine that the first reference signal among the first and second reference signals produces the maximum channel gain measurement. Therefore, the second device can select a first transmitter circle for a first OAM mode based on the first reference signal having the maximum channel gain measurement. Similarly, the second device 210-b can determine that the third reference signal, among the third and fourth reference signals, produces the maximum channel gain measurement. Therefore, the second device can select a first transmitter circle for the second OAM mode based on the third reference signal having the maximum channel gain measurement. Thus, the second device 210-b can select a first transmitter circle for both the first and second OAM modes.

[0119] At 620, the second device 210-b can send an indication of OAM mode-transmitter circle pairing to the first device 205-b. For example, the second device 210-b can send a message indicating that it has selected a first transmitter circle for the OAM mode and a first transmitter circle for the second OAM mode. In some cases, the indication may include indices of one or more selected transmitter circles and indicate the association between each index and the corresponding OAM mode or corresponding reference signal. In some cases, the indication may include one or more reference signal measurements (e.g., channel gain measurements). In some aspects, the second device 210-b can be configured to include each reference signal measurement (e.g., all reference signal measurements) performed by the second device 210-b. In some aspects, the second device 210-b can be configured to include the top x reference signal measurements (e.g., such as the highest x measurements) for each OAM mode, indicating the top x transmitter circles for each OAM mode. In some aspects, the second device 210-b may transmit reference signal measurements for an indicated OAM mode-transmitter round pairing selected by the second device 210-b. For example, the second device 210-b may include reference signal measurements for a first reference signal and a third reference signal. In some aspects, the second device 210-b may transmit the indication for OAM mode-transmitter round pairing via RRC layer signaling, MAC-CE, or via physical (PHY) layer signaling such as DCI, UCI, or SCI. In some cases, OAM mode-transmitter round pairing and / or reference signal measurements may be referred to as parameters. Therefore, at 620, the second device 210-b may transmit indications for one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and the first device.

[0120] In some reporting formats, this indicator can be expressed using [log₂N] bits to represent each transmitter's circular index, where the indicator may include... Each transmitter circle can transmit one OAM mode (e.g., only one OAM mode) due to transmitter hardware and / or software limitations. In this case, the transmitter circle index indicated for each OAM mode is different, and M ≤ N holds true. To reduce signaling overhead, an alternative reporting format can be used... 10 bits are used to represent the transmitter's circular index queue, where And N! can refer to the factorial function (e.g., the product of all integers from 1 to N, where N! is the product of all integers from 1 to N).

[0121] At 625, the first device 205-b can determine the OAM mode-transmitter circle pairing. For example, the first device 205-b can determine the transmitter circle in the transmitter circle set of the OAM mode set for communication with the second device 210-b based on parameters received from the second device 210-b. The first device 205-b can receive indications for reference signal pairing and / or reference signal measurement, and the first device 205-b can determine to use the pairing determined by the second device 210-b, or the first device 205-b can select a different pairing.

[0122] In some cases, at 630, the first device 205-b may send an OAM transmission configuration to the second device 210-b. The first device 205-b may be configured to send the OAM transmission configuration periodically, semi-statically, or non-periodically. The first device 205-b may be configured to send the OAM transmission configuration before each OAM transmission, or it may be configured to send the OAM transmission configuration if the first device 205-b selects a different OAM mode-transmitter round pairing than the second device 210-b. For example, if the first device 205-b determines to use an OAM mode-transmitter round pairing determined by the second device 210-b, then the first device 205-b may be configured not to send an OAM transmission configuration.

[0123] At 635, the first device 205-b can send one or more OAM transmissions (e.g., OAM-based data transmissions, control message transmissions) to the second device 210-b, wherein the OAM transmissions are sent according to a defined OAM mode-transmitter round pairing determined by the first device 205-b, the second device 210-b, or both. Since the OAM mode-transmitter round pairing can be selected based on channel gain (e.g., highest channel gain, optimal channel gain), one or more OAM transmissions can achieve improved throughput (e.g., data throughput).

[0124] Figure 7 An example of a process flow 700 supporting techniques for determining OAM transmitter circles according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Process flow 700 may illustrate an example OAM mode-transmitter circle pairing process. For example, a first device 205-c (e.g., a transmitting device) or a second device 210-c (e.g., a receiving device), or both, may perform techniques to determine the transmitter circle for transmitting / receiving according to each OAM mode. The first device 205-c and the second device 210-c may be referenced. Figures 1 to 6Examples of corresponding devices (e.g., wireless devices) described herein, wherein the first device 205-c and the second device 210-c may be the same device or may be different devices. The first device 205-c and the second device 210-c may each be a UE, a base station, an IAB node, etc. Alternative examples are possible, some of which may be performed in a different order than described or not at all. In some cases, steps may include additional features not mentioned below, or additional steps may be added.

[0125] As described herein, a first device 205-c, or a second device 210-c, or both, may be configured to perform an OAM mode-transmitter circle pairing process to determine, based on each OAM mode, which transmitter circle (e.g., the optimal transmitter circle) to use for transmitting OAM transmissions, in order to achieve high throughput in OAM-based communication systems (e.g., coaxial multi-circle OAM-based communication systems). In some cases, the second device 210-b may determine one or more communication parameters that the first device 205-c can use to select a transmitter circle (e.g., the preferred transmitter circle) for each OAM mode.

[0126] At 705, the second device 210-c may determine one or more communication parameters associated with communication between the first device 205-c and the second device 210-c, associated with the first device 205-c, associated with the second device 210-c, or a combination thereof. Communication parameters may include one or more channel parameters and / or one or more receiver parameters. One or more channel parameters may include path loss measurement or communication distance, or both. For example, the second device 210-c may measure the path loss between the first device 205-c (e.g., an OAM transmitter) and the second device 210-c. The second device 210-c may measure the communication distance between the first device 205-c (e.g., an OAM transmitter) and the second device 210-c. In some aspects, communication parameters may include one or more receiver device parameters, such as the radius of one or more receiver circles of the second device 210-c.

[0127] At 710, the second device 210-c may send a report to the first device 205-c including indications of one or more communication parameters. For example, the first device 205-c may send indications of one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device 210-c and the first device 205-c. This report may indicate to the transmitter one or more channel parameters (e.g., path loss and / or communication distance) and / or one or more receiver parameters (e.g., the number of Rx circles and the radius of the Rx circles). In some implementations, the second device 210-c may send the report via RRC signaling, MAC-CE, or PHY layer signaling (e.g., DCI, UCI, SCI).

[0128] At 715, the first device 205-c can calculate the channel gain (or some other channel quality parameter) of the combination of OAM mode and transmitter circle. The first device 205-c can calculate the channel gain for each OAM mode based on path loss, communication distance, receiver parameters, transmitter parameters, or a combination thereof.

[0129] In some aspects, the first device 205-c (e.g., an OAM transmitter) can calculate the channel response strength of the OAM mode at a specific radius of the second device 210-c (e.g., an OAM receiver) based on system parameters (e.g., communication distance z, transmitter aperture radius r_tx, receiver aperture radius r_rx, wavelength λ) and pre-configured formulas (e.g., theoretical formulas). For example, for UCA-based OAM communication, the OAM mode l at the receiver antenna circle n is calculated according to Equation 2. i Channel response strength

[0130]

[0131] in And θ m and θ n These are the angles of the transmitter antenna and the receiver antenna, respectively. Based on Equation 2, the first device 205 can determine for each OAM mode which transmitter circle (e.g., which transmitter aperture radius) results in the highest channel gain.

[0132] At 720, the first device 205-c can determine the OAM mode-transmitter circle pairing based on calculation. For example, the first device 205-c can determine the transmitter circle in the transmitter circle set of the OAM mode set for communication with the second device 210-c based on one or more parameters.

[0133] In some cases, at 725, the first device 205-c can send the OAM transmission configuration to the second device 210-c. The first device 205-c can be configured to send the OAM transmission configuration periodically, semi-statically, or non-periodically. The first device 205-c can be configured to send the OAM transmission configuration before each OAM transmission, or it can be configured to send the OAM transmission configuration when the OAM transmission configuration changes relative to a previous OAM transmission configuration.

[0134] At 730, the first device 205-c can send one or more OAM transmissions (e.g., OAM-based data transmissions, control message transmissions) to the second device, wherein the OAM transmissions are sent according to a defined OAM mode-transmitter round pairing determined by the first device 205-c. Since the OAM mode-transmitter round pairing can be selected based on channel gain (e.g., highest channel gain, optimal channel gain), one or more OAM transmissions can achieve improved throughput (e.g., data throughput).

[0135] Figure 8 A block diagram 800 of an apparatus 805 supporting techniques for determining an OAM transmitter circle according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Apparatus 805 may be an example of various aspects of a UE 115 or base station 105 as described herein. Apparatus 805 may include a receiver 810, a transmitter 815, and a communications manager 820. Apparatus 805 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0136] Receiver 810 may provide a unit for receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to the technology used to determine the OAM transmitter circle). Information may be transmitted to other components of device 805. Receiver 810 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0137] Transmitter 815 may provide a unit for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 805. For example, transmitter 815 may transmit information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to techniques used to determine the OAM transmitter circle). In some examples, transmitter 815 may be co-located with receiver 810 in a transceiver module. Transmitter 815 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0138] The communication manager 820, receiver 810, transmitter 815, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be examples of units for performing various aspects of the techniques described herein for determining the OAM transmitter circle. For example, the communication manager 820, receiver 810, transmitter 815, or various combinations thereof, or components thereof, may support methods for performing one or more of the functions described herein.

[0139] In some examples, the communication manager 820, receiver 810, transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communication management circuitry). The hardware may include a processor, digital signal processor (DSP), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured to or otherwise support units for performing the functions described herein. In some examples, the processor and memory coupled to the processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by executing instructions stored in memory by the processor).

[0140] Alternatively or concurrently, in some examples, the communication manager 820, receiver 810, transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented using code executed by a processor (e.g., as communication management software or firmware). If implemented using processor-executed code, the functionality of the communication manager 820, receiver 810, transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, DSP, central processing unit (CPU), ASIC, FPGA, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., a unit configured or otherwise supported for performing the functions described in this disclosure).

[0141] In some examples, the communication manager 820 can be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with the receiver 810, transmitter 815, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting). For example, the communication manager 820 can receive information from the receiver 810, send information to the transmitter 815, or integrate with the receiver 810, transmitter 815, or both to receive information, send information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0142] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 820 may support wireless communication at the first device. For example, the communication manager 820 may be configured or otherwise supported to include units for receiving indications from a second device of one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and the first device. The communication manager 820 may be configured or otherwise supported to include units for determining, based on one or more parameters, a transmitter circle from a set of multiple OAM modes for communication with the second device. The communication manager 820 may be configured or otherwise supported to include units for transmitting messages to the second device using the transmitter circle according to the determined OAM mode.

[0143] Alternatively or additionally, according to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 820 may support wireless communication at the second device. For example, the communication manager 820 may be configured or otherwise supported to include units for determining one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and the first device. The communication manager 820 may be configured or otherwise supported to include units for sending an indication to the first device of one or more parameters determined by the second device. The communication manager 820 may be configured or otherwise supported to include units for receiving messages from the first device via a transmitter circle from a set of multiple transmitter circles, based on an OAM mode from a set of multiple OAM modes.

[0144] By including or configuring the communication manager 820 according to the examples described herein, the device 805 (e.g., a processor that controls or otherwise couples to the receiver 810, transmitter 815, communication manager 820, or a combination thereof) can support techniques for more efficient use of communication resources.

[0145] Figure 9 A block diagram 900 of an apparatus 905 supporting techniques for determining an OAM transmitter circle according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Apparatus 905 may be an example of aspects of apparatus 805, UE 115, or base station 105 as described herein. Apparatus 905 may include a receiver 910, a transmitter 915, and a communications manager 920. Apparatus 905 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0146] Receiver 910 may provide a unit for receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to the technology used to determine the OAM transmitter circle). Information may be transmitted to other components of device 905. Receiver 910 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0147] Transmitter 915 may provide a unit for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 905. For example, transmitter 915 may transmit information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to techniques used to determine the OAM transmitter circle). In some examples, transmitter 915 may be co-located with receiver 910 in a transceiver module. Transmitter 915 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0148] Device 905 or its various components may be examples of units for performing various aspects of the techniques described herein for determining the OAM transmitter circle. For example, communication manager 920 may include parameter receiving manager 925, transmitter circle determination manager 930, OAM transmission manager 935, parameter determination component 940, parameter indication component 945, OAM transmission component 950, or any combination thereof. Communication manager 920 may be examples of various aspects of communication manager 820 as described herein. In some examples, communication manager 920 or its various components may be configured to use receiver 910, transmitter 915, or both, or otherwise cooperate with receiver 910, transmitter 915, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting). For example, communication manager 920 may receive information from receiver 910, transmit information to transmitter 915, or be integrated with receiver 910, transmitter 915, or both to receive information, transmit information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0149] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 920 may support wireless communication at the first device. The parameter receiving manager 925 may be configured or otherwise supported to include a unit for receiving indications from the second device of one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and the first device. The transmitter circle determination manager 930 may be configured or otherwise supported to include a unit for determining, based on one or more parameters, a transmitter circle from a set of multiple OAM modes for communication with the second device. The OAM transmission manager 935 may be configured or otherwise supported to include a unit for transmitting messages to the second device using the transmitter circle according to the determined OAM mode.

[0150] Alternatively or additionally, according to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 920 may support wireless communication at the second device. The parameter determination component 940 may be configured or otherwise supported to include units for determining one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and the first device. The parameter indication component 945 may be configured or otherwise supported to include units for sending an indication to the first device of one or more parameters determined by the second device. The OAM transmission component 950 may be configured or otherwise supported to include units for receiving messages from the first device via a transmitter circle from a set of multiple transmitter circles, according to an OAM mode from a set of multiple OAM modes.

[0151] Figure 10A block diagram 1000 is shown of a communication manager 1020 supporting techniques for determining the OAM transmitter circle according to various aspects of this disclosure. The communication manager 1020 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 820, communication manager 920, or both as described herein. The communication manager 1020 or its various components may be examples of units for performing various aspects of the techniques for determining the OAM transmitter circle as described herein. For example, the communication manager 1020 may include a parameter receiving manager 1025, a transmitter circle determination manager 1030, an OAM transmission manager 1035, a parameter determination component 1040, a parameter indication component 1045, an OAM transmission component 1050, a reference signal manager 1055, a channel gain calculation manager 1060, an OAM configuration message manager 1065, a reference signal component 1070, an OAM configuration message component 1075, a reference signal resource mapping manager 1080, a reference signal resource mapping component 1085, a channel gain calculation component 1090, a transmitter circle selection component 1095, or any combination thereof. Each of these components can communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0152] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 1020 may support wireless communication at the first device. The parameter receiving manager 1025 may be configured or otherwise supported to include a unit for receiving indications from the second device of one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and the first device. The transmitter circle determination manager 1030 may be configured or otherwise supported to include a unit for determining, based on one or more parameters, a transmitter circle from a set of multiple OAM modes for communication with the second device. The OAM transmission manager 1035 may be configured or otherwise supported to include a unit for sending messages to the second device using the transmitter circle according to the determined OAM mode.

[0153] In some examples, the reference signal manager 1055 may be configured or otherwise support a unit for transmitting one or more reference signals via each of a set of multiple transmitter circles, according to a corresponding OAM mode in a set of multiple OAM modes.

[0154] In some examples, the reference signal resource mapping manager 1080 may be configured or otherwise supported to include units for transmitting indications of the association between a set of reference signal resources for one or more reference signals and corresponding OAM mode-transmitter circle pairs. In some examples, to support receiving indications of one or more parameters, the parameter receiving manager 1025 may be configured or otherwise supported to include units for receiving indications of the corresponding transmitter circle for each OAM mode in a set of multiple OAM modes based on one or more reference signals. In some examples, the parameter receiving manager 1025 may be configured or otherwise supported to include units for receiving a set of multiple channel gain measurements, each channel gain measurement associated with a corresponding OAM mode-transmitter circle pair. In some examples, the transmitter circles in the set of multiple transmitter circles for multiple OAM modes in a set of multiple OAM modes are determined based on indications of the transmitter circle selected for each OAM mode, or the set of multiple channel gain measurements, or both.

[0155] In some examples, to support receiving indications for one or more parameters, the parameter reception manager 1025 may be configured or otherwise supported to support units for receiving channel gain measurements associated with each transmitted reference signal. In some examples, to support receiving indications for one or more parameters, the parameter reception manager 1025 may be configured or otherwise supported to support units for receiving channel gain measurements associated with each mode, wherein the channel gain measurement is the highest channel gain measurement associated with that mode. In some examples, to support receiving indications for one or more parameters, the parameter reception manager 1025 may be configured or otherwise supported to support units for receiving indications for one or more channel parameters, or one or more receiver device parameters, or both.

[0156] In some examples, one or more channel parameters include path loss measurements between the second device and the first device, or communication distance between the second device and the first device, or both. In some examples, one or more receiver device parameters include the radii of one or more receiver circles of the second device.

[0157] In some examples, the channel gain calculation manager 1060 may be configured or otherwise support units for calculating the channel gain for each OAM mode-transmitter circle pair based on one or more parameters. In some examples, the transmitter circles in a set of multiple transmitter circles for a set of multiple OAM modes are determined based on the channel gain calculated for each corresponding OAM mode-transmitter circle pair.

[0158] In some examples, in order to support receiving indications for one or more parameters, the parameter receiving manager 1025 may be configured or otherwise support a unit for receiving indications for one or more parameters from a second device via radio resource control messages, MAC-CE, DCI messages, UCI messages, SCI messages, or combinations thereof.

[0159] In some examples, the OAM configuration message manager 1065 may be configured or otherwise supported as a unit for sending configuration messages to a second device that indicate the transmitter circle determined for the OAM mode.

[0160] In some examples, the transmitter circle comprises a uniform circular array that includes a collection of multiple transmitter antennas.

[0161] In some examples, to support message transmission, the OAM transmission manager 1035 can be configured or otherwise supported to support units for sending messages to a second device via each of a set of multiple OAM modes and using each transmitter circle associated with each OAM mode.

[0162] Alternatively or additionally, according to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 1020 may support wireless communication at the second device. The parameter determination component 1040 may be configured or otherwise supported to include units for determining one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and the first device. The parameter indication component 1045 may be configured or otherwise supported to include units for sending an indication to the first device of one or more parameters determined by the second device. The OAM transmission component 1050 may be configured or otherwise supported to include units for receiving messages from the first device via a transmitter circle from a set of multiple transmitter circles, according to an OAM mode from a set of multiple OAM modes.

[0163] In some examples, the reference signal component 1070 may be configured or otherwise supported for receiving one or more reference signals via each of a set of multiple transmitter circles, according to a corresponding OAM mode in a set of multiple OAM modes. In some examples, the reference signal resource mapping component 1085 may be configured or otherwise supported for receiving an indication of the association between a set of reference signal resources for one or more reference signals and a corresponding OAM mode-transmitter circle pairing. In some examples, the channel gain calculation component 1090 may be configured or otherwise supported for calculating a channel gain measurement for each reference signal received by the second device, the channel gain measurement being associated with an OAM mode-transmitter circle pairing.

[0164] In some examples, the transmitter circle selection component 1095 may be configured or otherwise supported to include a unit for selecting a transmitter circle from a set of multiple transmitter circles for each of a set of multiple OAM modes based on a channel gain measurement calculated for each reference signal received by the second device. In some examples, to support the transmission of indications to one or more parameters, the parameter indication component 1045 may be configured or otherwise supported to include a unit for transmitting an indication of the corresponding transmitter circle selected for each of the multiple OAM modes in the set of multiple OAM modes.

[0165] In some examples, to support the transmission of indications to one or more parameters, the parameter indication component 1045 may be configured or otherwise support a unit for transmitting a channel gain measurement associated with each received reference signal. In some examples, to support the transmission of indications to one or more parameters, the parameter indication component 1045 may be configured or otherwise support a unit for transmitting a channel gain measurement associated with each mode, wherein the channel gain measurement is the highest channel gain measurement associated with that mode.

[0166] In some examples, parameter determination component 1040 may be configured or otherwise supported to support elements for determining one or more channel parameters, one or more receiver device parameters, or both. In some examples, to support the transmission of indications to one or more parameters, parameter indication component 1045 may be configured or otherwise supported to support elements for transmitting indications to one or more channel parameters, or one or more receiver device parameters, or both. In some examples, one or more channel parameters include path loss measurements between the second device and the first device, or communication distance between the second device and the first device, or both. In some examples, one or more receiver device parameters include the radii of one or more receiver circles of the second device.

[0167] In some examples, in order to support the transmission of indications for one or more parameters, the parameter indication component 1045 may be configured or otherwise supported as a unit for transmitting indications for one or more parameters to a first device via radio resource control messages, MAC-CE messages, DCI messages, UCI messages, SCI messages, or combinations thereof.

[0168] In some examples, the OAM configuration message component 1075 may be configured or otherwise supported as a unit for receiving configuration messages indicating OAM mode-transmitter circle pairing from a first device, wherein a second device receives messages based on the configuration messages.

[0169] In some examples, the transmitter circle comprises a uniform circular array that includes a collection of multiple transmitter antennas.

[0170] In some examples, to support message reception, the OAM transmission component 1050 may be configured or otherwise supported for receiving messages from the first device via each of a set of multiple OAM modes and using each transmitter circle associated with each OAM mode.

[0171] Figure 11 A diagram of a system 1100 including a device 1105 supporting techniques for determining an OAM transmitter circle is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. Device 1105 may be an example of device 805, device 905, or UE 115 as described herein, or a component including device 805, device 905, or UE 115. Device 1105 may wirelessly communicate with one or more base stations 105, UE 115, or any combination thereof. Device 1105 may include components for bidirectional voice and data communication, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communication manager 1120, an input / output (I / O) controller 1110, a transceiver 1115, an antenna 1125, a memory 1130, a code 1135, and a processor 1140. These components may communicate electronically or be otherwise coupled (e.g., operative ground, communication ground, functional ground, electronic ground, electrical ground) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1145).

[0172] I / O controller 1110 can manage input and output signals for device 1105. I / O controller 1110 can also manage peripheral devices not integrated into device 1105. In some cases, I / O controller 1110 can represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some cases, I / O controller 1110 can utilize, for example... The operating system may be a known operating system. Alternatively, the I / O controller 1110 may represent or interact with a modem, keyboard, mouse, touchscreen, or similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 1110 may be implemented as part of a processor (such as processor 1140). In some cases, a user may interact with device 1105 via the I / O controller 1110 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 1110.

[0173] In some cases, device 1105 may include a single antenna 1125. However, in other cases, device 1105 may have more than one antenna 1125, which may be capable of transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions simultaneously. Transceiver 1115 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 1125, wired or wireless links as described herein. For example, transceiver 1115 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 1115 may also include a modem for modulating packets, providing modulated packets to one or more antennas 1125 for transmission, and demodulating packets received from one or more antennas 1125. Transceiver 1115, or transceiver 1115 and one or more antennas 1125, may be an example of transmitter 815, transmitter 915, receiver 810, receiver 910, or any combination thereof or components thereof as described herein.

[0174] Memory 1130 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). Memory 1130 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1135, which includes instructions that, when executed by processor 1140, cause device 1105 to perform the various functions described herein. Code 1135 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, code 1135 may not be directly executable by processor 1140, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, in addition, memory 1130 may also contain a basic I / O system (BIOS) that controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0175] Processor 1140 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, CPUs, microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, processor 1140 may be configured to use a memory controller to operate a memory array. In other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into processor 1140. Processor 1140 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., memory 1130) to cause device 1105 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting techniques for determining OAM transmitter circles). For example, device 1105 or components of device 1105 may include processor 1140 and memory 1130 coupled to processor 1140, processor 1140 and memory 1130 being configured to perform the various functions described herein.

[0176] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 1120 may support wireless communication at the first device. For example, the communication manager 1120 may be configured or otherwise supported to include units for receiving indications from a second device of one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and the first device. The communication manager 1120 may be configured or otherwise supported to include units for determining, based on one or more parameters, a transmitter circle from a set of multiple OAM modes for communication with the second device. The communication manager 1120 may be configured or otherwise supported to include units for sending messages to the second device using the transmitter circle according to the determined OAM mode.

[0177] Alternatively or additionally, according to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 1120 may support wireless communication at the second device. For example, the communication manager 1120 may be configured or otherwise supported to include units for determining one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and the first device. The communication manager 1120 may be configured or otherwise supported to include units for sending an indication to the first device of one or more parameters determined by the second device. The communication manager 1120 may be configured or otherwise supported to include units for receiving messages from the first device via a transmitter circle from a set of multiple transmitter circles, according to an OAM mode from a set of multiple OAM modes.

[0178] By including or configuring the communication manager 1120 according to the examples described herein, the device 1105 can support techniques for more efficient use of communication resources and improved coordination between devices.

[0179] In some examples, the communication manager 1120 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using or in cooperation with transceiver 1115, one or more antennas 1125, or any combination thereof. Although the communication manager 1120 is shown as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 1120 may be supported or executed by processor 1140, memory 1130, code 1135, or any combination thereof. For example, code 1135 may include instructions executable by processor 1140 to cause device 1105 to perform various aspects of the techniques described herein for determining the OAM transmitter circle, or processor 1140 and memory 1130 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations.

[0180] Figure 12A diagram of a system 1200 including a device 1205 supporting techniques for determining an OAM transmitter circle is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. Device 1205 may be an example of device 805, device 905, or base station 105 as described herein, or a component including device 805, device 905, or base station 105. Device 1205 may wirelessly communicate with one or more base stations 105, UE 125, or any combination thereof. Device 1205 may include components for bidirectional voice and data communication, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communication manager 1220, a network communication manager 1210, a transceiver 1215, an antenna 1225, a memory 1230, a code 1235, a processor 1240, and an inter-station communication manager 1245. These components may communicate electronically or be otherwise coupled (e.g., operational ground, communication ground, functional ground, electronic ground, electrical ground) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1250).

[0181] The network communication manager 1210 can manage communication with the core network 130 (e.g., via one or more wired backhaul links). For example, the network communication manager 1210 can manage the transmission of data communication to client devices (e.g., one or more UEs 115).

[0182] In some cases, device 1205 may include a single antenna 1225. However, in other cases, device 1205 may have more than one antenna 1225, which may be capable of transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions simultaneously. Transceiver 1215 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 1225 as described herein, or via a wired or wireless link. For example, transceiver 1215 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 1215 may also include a modem for modulating packets, providing modulated packets to one or more antennas 1225 for transmission, and demodulating packets received from one or more antennas 1225. Transceiver 1215, or transceiver 1215 and one or more antennas 1225, may be an example of transmitter 815, transmitter 915, receiver 810, receiver 910, or any combination thereof or components thereof as described herein.

[0183] Memory 1230 may include RAM and ROM. Memory 1230 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1235, which includes instructions that, when executed by processor 1240, cause device 1205 to perform the various functions described herein. Code 1235 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, code 1235 may not be directly executable by processor 1240, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, in addition, memory 1230 may also contain a BIOS that controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0184] Processor 1240 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, CPUs, microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, processor 1240 may be configured to use a memory controller to operate a memory array. In other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into processor 1240. Processor 1240 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., memory 1230) to cause device 1205 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting techniques for determining OAM transmitter circles). For example, device 1205 or components of device 1205 may include processor 1240 and memory 1230 coupled to processor 1240, processor 1240 and memory 1230 being configured to perform the various functions described herein.

[0185] Inter-site communication manager 1245 can manage communication with other base stations 105 and may include a controller or scheduler for cooperating with other base stations 105 to control communication with UE 115. For example, inter-site communication manager 1245 can coordinate the scheduling of transmissions to UE 115 to implement various interference mitigation techniques such as beamforming or joint transmission. In some examples, inter-site communication manager 1245 may provide an X2 interface within LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to provide communication between base stations 105.

[0186] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 1220 may support wireless communication at the first device. For example, the communication manager 1220 may be configured or otherwise supported to include units for receiving indications from a second device of one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and the first device. The communication manager 1220 may be configured or otherwise supported to include units for determining, based on one or more parameters, a transmitter circle from a set of multiple OAM modes for communication with the second device. The communication manager 1220 may be configured or otherwise supported to include units for transmitting messages to the second device using the transmitter circle according to the determined OAM mode.

[0187] Alternatively or additionally, according to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 1220 may support wireless communication at the second device. For example, the communication manager 1220 may be configured or otherwise supported to include units for determining one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and the first device. The communication manager 1220 may be configured or otherwise supported to include units for sending an indication to the first device of one or more parameters determined by the second device. The communication manager 1220 may be configured or otherwise supported to include units for receiving messages from the first device via a transmitter circle from a set of multiple transmitter circles, based on an OAM mode from a set of multiple OAM modes.

[0188] By including or configuring the communication manager 1220 according to the examples described herein, the device 1205 can support techniques for more efficient use of communication resources and improved coordination between devices.

[0189] In some examples, the communication manager 1220 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using or in cooperation with transceiver 1215, one or more antennas 1225, or any combination thereof. Although the communication manager 1220 is shown as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 1220 may be supported or performed by processor 1240, memory 1230, code 1235, or any combination thereof. For example, code 1235 may include instructions executable by processor 1240 to cause device 1205 to perform various aspects of the techniques described herein for determining the OAM transmitter circle, or processor 1240 and memory 1230 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations.

[0190] Figure 13A flowchart illustrating a method 1300 for determining an OAM transmitter circle, supporting various aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Operation of method 1300 can be implemented by a UE or base station or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1300 can be implemented by, as referred to... Figures 1 to 12 The UE 115 or base station 105 described herein shall perform the functions. In some examples, the UE or base station may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE or base station to perform the described functions. Alternatively, the UE or base station may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0191] At 1305, the method may include: receiving from a second device an indication of one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and the first device. Operation of 1305 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1305 may be provided by reference to... Figure 10 The parameters described are received by the manager 1025 for execution.

[0192] At 1310, the method may include: determining, based on one or more parameters, a transmitter circle from a set of multiple transmitter circles of a set of multiple OAM modes for communication with the second device. The operation of 1310 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1310 may be determined by reference to... Figure 10 The transmitter circle determination manager 1030 is described and executed.

[0193] At 1315, the method may include: based on determination, using a transmitter circle to send a message to a second device according to an OAM mode. The operation at 1315 can be performed according to examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1315 may be derived from, as referenced... Figure 10 The OAM transfer manager 1035 is described and executed.

[0194] Figure 14 A flowchart illustrating a method 1400 for determining an OAM transmitter circle, supporting various aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Operation of method 1400 can be implemented by a UE or base station or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1400 can be implemented by, as referred to... Figures 1 to 12 The UE 115 or base station 105 described herein shall perform the functions. In some examples, the UE or base station may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE or base station to perform the described functions. Alternatively, the UE or base station may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0195] At 1405, the method may include: sending an indication of the association between a set of reference signal resources for one or more reference signals and a corresponding OAM mode-transmitter circle pairing. The operation of 1405 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1405 may be determined by reference to... Figure 10 The reference signal resource mapping manager 1080 is used for execution.

[0196] At 1410, the method may include: transmitting one or more reference signals via each of a set of multiple transmitter circles, according to a corresponding OAM mode in a set of multiple OAM modes. The operation of 1410 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1410 may be determined by reference to... Figure 10 The reference signal manager 1055 is used for execution.

[0197] At 1415, the method may include: receiving from a second device an indication of one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and the first device. The operation of 1415 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1415 may be provided by reference to... Figure 10 The parameters described are received by the manager 1025 for execution.

[0198] At 1420, the method may include: determining, based on one or more parameters, a transmitter circle from a set of multiple transmitter circles of a set of multiple OAM modes for communication with the second device. The operation at 1420 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1420 may be determined by reference to... Figure 10 The transmitter circle determination manager 1030 is described and executed.

[0199] At 1425, the method may include: based on determination, using a transmitter circle to send a message to a second device according to an OAM mode. The operation at 1425 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1425 may be derived from, as referenced... Figure 10 The OAM transfer manager 1035 is described and executed.

[0200] Figure 15 A flowchart illustrating a method 1500 for determining an OAM transmitter circle, supporting various aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Operation of method 1500 can be implemented by a UE or base station or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1500 can be performed by, as described in reference... Figures 1 to 12The UE 115 or base station 105 described herein shall perform the functions. In some examples, the UE or base station may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE or base station to perform the described functions. Alternatively, the UE or base station may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0201] At 1505, the method may include: determining one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and the first device. The operation of 1505 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1505 may be determined by reference to... Figure 10 The parameters described determine the execution of component 1040.

[0202] At 1510, the method may include sending an indication to a first device for one or more parameters determined by a second device. The operation of 1510 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1510 may be determined by reference to... Figure 10 The described parameters instruct component 1045 to perform the action.

[0203] At 1515, the method may include: receiving a message from a first device via a transmitter circle from a set of multiple transmitter circles, based on an OAM mode from a set of multiple OAM modes. The operation at 1515 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1515 may be derived from, as referenced... Figure 10 The OAM transport component 1050 is described and used to perform this.

[0204] Figure 16 A flowchart illustrating a method 1600 for determining an OAM transmitter circle, supporting various aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Operation of method 1600 can be implemented by a UE or base station or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1600 can be implemented by, as referred to... Figures 1 to 12 The UE 115 or base station 105 described herein shall perform the functions. In some examples, the UE or base station may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE or base station to perform the described functions. Alternatively, the UE or base station may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0205] At 1605, the method may include: determining one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and the first device. The operation of 1605 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1605 may be determined by reference to... Figure 10 The parameters described determine the execution of component 1040.

[0206] At 1610, the method may include sending an indication to a first device for one or more parameters determined by a second device. The operation of 1610 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1610 may be determined by reference to... Figure 10 The described parameters instruct component 1045 to perform the action.

[0207] At 1615, the method may include: receiving from a first device a configuration message indicating OAM mode-transmitter circle pairing, wherein a second device receives the message based on the configuration message. The operation of 1615 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1615 may be derived from references... Figure 10 The OAM configuration message component 1075 is described for execution.

[0208] At 1620, the method may include: receiving a message from a first device via a transmitter circle from a set of multiple transmitter circles, based on an OAM mode from a set of multiple OAM modes. The operation at 1620 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1620 may be derived from, as referenced... Figure 10 The OAM transport component 1050 is described and used to perform this.

[0209] The following provides a summary of various aspects of this disclosure:

[0210] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication at a first device, comprising: receiving from a second device an indication of one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and the first device; determining, at least in part based on the one or more parameters, a transmitter circle of a plurality of transmitter circles for a plurality of orbital angular momentum modes for communication with the second device; and, at least in part based on the determination, using the transmitter circle according to the orbital angular momentum mode to send a message to the second device.

[0211] Aspect 2: The method according to aspect 1 further includes: transmitting one or more reference signals via each of the plurality of transmitter circles, according to a corresponding orbital angular momentum mode among the plurality of orbital angular momentum modes.

[0212] Aspect 3: The method according to aspect 2 further includes: sending an indication of the association between a set of reference signal resources for the one or more reference signals and a corresponding orbital angular momentum mode-transmitter circle pairing.

[0213] Aspect 4: The method according to any one of Aspects 2 to 3, wherein receiving the indication of one or more parameters comprises: receiving an indication of a corresponding transmitter circle for each of the plurality of orbital angular momentum modes based at least in part on the one or more reference signals.

[0214] Aspect 5: The method according to aspect 4 further includes: receiving a plurality of channel gain measurements, each channel gain measurement being associated with a corresponding orbital angular momentum mode-transmitter circle pairing.

[0215] Aspect 6: According to the method of aspect 5, wherein the transmitter circle of the plurality of transmitter circles for the orbital angular momentum mode of the plurality of orbital angular momentum modes is determined at least in part based on the indication of the transmitter circle selected for each orbital angular momentum mode, or the plurality of channel gain measurements, or both.

[0216] Aspect 7: The method according to any one of Aspects 2 to 6, wherein receiving the indication for one or more parameters comprises: receiving a channel gain measurement associated with each transmitted reference signal.

[0217] Aspect 8: The method according to any one of Aspects 2 to 7, wherein receiving the indication for one or more parameters comprises: receiving a channel gain measurement associated with each mode, wherein the channel gain measurement is the highest channel gain measurement associated with the mode.

[0218] Aspect 9: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 8, wherein receiving the indication for the one or more parameters comprises: receiving an indication for one or more channel parameters, or one or more receiver device parameters, or both.

[0219] Aspect 10: The method according to aspect 9, wherein the one or more channel parameters include path loss measurement between the second device and the first device, or communication distance between the second device and the first device, or both.

[0220] Aspect 11: The method according to any one of Aspects 9 to 10, wherein the one or more receiver device parameters include the radius of one or more receiver circles of the second device.

[0221] Aspect 12: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 11 further includes: calculating the channel gain for each orbital angular momentum mode-transmitter circular pairing based at least in part on the one or more parameters.

[0222] Aspect 13: According to the method of aspect 12, wherein the transmitter circle of the plurality of transmitter circles for the orbital angular momentum mode of the plurality of orbital angular momentum modes is determined at least in part based on the channel gain calculated for each corresponding orbital angular momentum mode-transmitter circle pair.

[0223] Aspect 14: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 13, wherein receiving the indication for the one or more parameters comprises: receiving the indication for the one or more parameters from the second device via a radio resource control message, a media access control element message, a downlink control information message, an uplink control information message, a sidelink control information message, or a combination thereof.

[0224] Aspect 15: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 14 further includes: sending a configuration message to the second device indicating the transmitter circle determined for the orbital angular momentum mode.

[0225] Aspect 16: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 15, wherein the transmitter circle comprises a uniform circular array, the uniform circular array comprising a plurality of transmitter antennas.

[0226] Aspect 17: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 16, wherein sending the message comprises: sending the message to the second device via each of the plurality of orbital angular momentum modes and using each transmitter circle associated with each orbital angular momentum mode.

[0227] Aspect 18: A method for wireless communication at a second device, comprising: determining one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and a first device; sending an indication to the first device of the one or more parameters determined by the second device; and receiving a message from the first device via a transmitter circle of a plurality of transmitter circles according to an orbital angular momentum mode of a plurality of orbital angular momentum modes.

[0228] Aspect 19: The method according to aspect 18 further includes: receiving one or more reference signals via each of the plurality of transmitter circles, according to a corresponding orbital angular momentum mode among the plurality of orbital angular momentum modes.

[0229] Aspect 20: The method according to aspect 19 further includes: receiving an indication of the association between a set of reference signal resources for the one or more reference signals and a corresponding orbital angular momentum mode-transmitter circle pair.

[0230] Aspect 21: The method according to any one of aspects 19 to 20 further includes: calculating a channel gain measurement for each reference signal received by the second device, the channel gain measurement being associated with orbital angular momentum mode-transmitter circle pairing.

[0231] Aspect 22: The method according to aspect 21 further includes: selecting a transmitter circle among the plurality of transmitter circles for each of the plurality of orbital angular momentum modes based at least in part on the channel gain measurement calculated for each reference signal received by the second device.

[0232] Aspect 23: The method according to any one of aspects 21 to 22, wherein sending the indication to the one or more parameters comprises: sending an indication to a corresponding transmitter circle selected for each of the plurality of orbital angular momentum modes.

[0233] Aspect 24: The method according to any one of aspects 21 to 23, wherein sending the indication of the one or more parameters comprises: sending the channel gain measurement associated with each received reference signal.

[0234] Aspect 25: The method according to any one of Aspects 21 to 24, wherein sending the indication to the one or more parameters comprises: sending the channel gain measurement associated with each mode, wherein the channel gain measurement is the highest channel gain measurement associated with the mode.

[0235] Aspect 26: The method according to any one of aspects 18 to 25 further includes: determining one or more channel parameters, one or more receiver device parameters, or both.

[0236] Aspect 27: According to the method of aspect 26, wherein sending the indication for the one or more parameters includes sending an indication for the one or more channel parameters, or the one or more receiver device parameters, or both.

[0237] Aspect 28: The method according to any one of Aspects 26 to 27, wherein the one or more channel parameters include path loss measurement between the second device and the first device, or communication distance between the second device and the first device, or both.

[0238] Aspect 29: The method according to any one of Aspects 26 to 28, wherein the one or more receiver device parameters include the radius of one or more receiver circles of the second device.

[0239] Aspect 30: The method according to any one of aspects 18 to 29, wherein sending the indication for the one or more parameters comprises: sending the indication for the one or more parameters to the first device via a radio resource control message, a media access control element message, a downlink control information message, an uplink control information message, a sidelink control information message, or a combination thereof.

[0240] Aspect 31: The method according to any one of aspects 18 to 30 further includes: receiving from the first device a configuration message indicating orbital angular momentum mode-transmitter circle pairing, wherein the second device receives the message at least in part based on the configuration message.

[0241] Aspect 32: The method according to any one of aspects 18 to 31, wherein the transmitter circle comprises a uniform circular array, the uniform circular array comprising a plurality of transmitter antennas.

[0242] Aspect 33: The method according to any one of aspects 18 to 32, wherein receiving the message comprises: receiving the message from the first device via each of the plurality of orbital angular momentum modes and using each transmitter circle associated with each orbital angular momentum mode.

[0243] Aspect 34: An apparatus for wireless communication at a first device, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of Aspects 1 to 17.

[0244] Aspect 35: An apparatus for wireless communication at a first device, comprising at least one unit for performing the method of any one of aspects 1 to 17.

[0245] Aspect 36: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a first device, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the methods of any one of Aspects 1 to 17.

[0246] Aspect 37: An apparatus for wireless communication at a second device, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of Aspects 18 to 33.

[0247] Aspect 38: An apparatus for wireless communication at a second device, comprising at least one unit for performing the method of any one of aspects 18 to 33.

[0248] Aspect 39: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a second device, said code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the methods of any one of Aspects 18 to 33.

[0249] It should be noted that the methods described in this paper describe possible implementations, and the operations and steps can be rearranged or otherwise modified, and other implementations are possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more methods can be combined.

[0250] While aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described for illustrative purposes, and the terms LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR may be used extensively in the description, the techniques described herein apply beyond LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the techniques described can be applied to a variety of other wireless communication systems, such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0251] The information and signals described herein can be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and methods. For example, the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips mentioned throughout the description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, light fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0252] The various illustrative blocks and components described herein can be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, CPU, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but alternatively, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0253] The functions described herein can be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented using software executed by a processor, the functions can be stored on or transmitted via a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or code. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein can be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination of these. Features implementing the functions can also be physically located in various locations, including being distributed such that different parts of the functions are implemented in different physical locations.

[0254] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media, with communication media encompassing any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one place to another. Non-transitory storage media can be any available medium accessible by a general-purpose computer or a special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media can include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compressed optical disc (CD) ROM or other optical disc storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code units in the form of instructions or data structures, and accessible by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Furthermore, any connection is appropriately referred to as computer-readable media. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included within the definition of computer-readable media. As used herein, disks and optical discs include CDs, laser discs, optical discs, digital multifunction discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs, wherein disks typically copy data magnetically, while optical discs use lasers to copy data optically. The combination described above is also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0255] As used herein (including in the claims), the word "or" in a list of items (e.g., a list of items ending with a phrase such as "at least one of" or "one or more of") indicates an inclusive list, such that a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Furthermore, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step described as "based on condition A" could be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of this disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase "at least partially based on".

[0256] In the accompanying drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference numerals. Furthermore, various components of the same type can be distinguished by a dash and a second reference numeral following the reference numeral, used to differentiate between similar components. If only the first reference numeral is used in the specification, the description applies to any one of the similar components having the same first reference numeral, without regard to the second reference numeral or other subsequent reference numerals.

[0257] This document describes exemplary configurations in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and does not represent all examples that can be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration," and not "preferred" or "advantageous over other examples." The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques can be implemented without these specific details. In some cases, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0258] The description herein is provided to enable those skilled in the art to implement or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to the present disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but is given the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication at a first device, comprising: Receive from the second device an indication of one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and the first device; Based at least in part on the one or more parameters, a transmitter circle is selected from a plurality of transmitter circles for the orbital angular momentum mode used for communication with the second device among a plurality of orbital angular momentum modes; as well as Based at least in part on the selection, the transmitter circle is used to send messages to the second device according to the orbital angular momentum pattern.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: One or more reference signals are transmitted via each of the plurality of transmitter circles, according to the corresponding orbital angular momentum pattern among the plurality of orbital angular momentum patterns.

3. The method according to claim 2, further comprising: Send an indication of the association between the set of reference signal resources used for the one or more reference signals and the corresponding orbital angular momentum mode-transmitter circle pairing.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein, Receiving the instruction for one or more parameters includes: The indication of the corresponding transmitter circle for each of the plurality of orbital angular momentum modes is received, at least in part based on the one or more reference signals.

5. The method according to claim 4, further comprising: Multiple channel gain measurements are received, each channel gain measurement being associated with a corresponding orbital angular momentum mode-transmitter circle pair.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein, The transmitter circle for the orbital angular momentum mode among the plurality of transmitter circles is selected at least in part based on the indication of the transmitter circle selected for each orbital angular momentum mode, or the plurality of channel gain measurements, or both.

7. The method according to claim 2, wherein, Receiving the instruction for one or more parameters includes: Receive the channel gain measurement associated with each transmitted reference signal.

8. The method according to claim 2, wherein, Receiving the instruction for one or more parameters includes: Receive a channel gain measurement associated with each mode, wherein the channel gain measurement is the highest channel gain measurement associated with the mode.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Receiving the instruction for the one or more parameters includes: Receive instructions for one or more channel parameters, or one or more receiver equipment parameters, or both.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein, The one or more channel parameters include path loss measurement between the second device and the first device, or communication distance between the second device and the first device, or both.

11. The method according to claim 9, wherein, The one or more receiver device parameters include the radius of one or more receiver circles of the second device.

12. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The channel gain for each orbital angular momentum mode-transmitter circular pair is calculated, at least in part, based on one or more of the parameters mentioned above.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein, The transmitter circle among the plurality of transmitter circles for the orbital angular momentum modes is selected at least in part based on the channel gain calculated for each corresponding orbital angular momentum mode-transmitter circle pair.

14. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Receiving the instruction for the one or more parameters includes: The indication of one or more parameters is received from the second device via: radio resource control messages, media access control control element messages, downlink control information messages, uplink control information messages, sidelink control information messages, or combinations thereof.

15. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Send a configuration message to the second device indicating the transmitter circle determined for the orbital angular momentum mode.

16. A method for wireless communication at a second device, comprising: Determine one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and the first device; Send an indication to the first device of one or more parameters determined by the second device; Messages are received from the first device via a transmitter circle selected for the orbital angular momentum mode from among multiple transmitter circles.

17. The method of claim 16, further comprising: One or more reference signals are received via each of the plurality of transmitter circles, according to the corresponding orbital angular momentum mode among the plurality of orbital angular momentum modes.

18. The method of claim 17, further comprising: Receive an indication of the association between the set of reference signal resources used for the one or more reference signals and the corresponding orbital angular momentum mode-transmitter circle pairing.

19. The method of claim 17, further comprising: The channel gain measurement for each reference signal received by the second device is calculated, and the channel gain measurement is associated with the orbital angular momentum mode-transmitter circle pairing.

20. The method of claim 19, further comprising: The transmitter circle among the plurality of transmitter circles is selected for each of the plurality of orbital angular momentum modes, based at least in part on the channel gain measurement calculated for each reference signal received by the second device.

21. The method according to claim 19, wherein, Sending the indication for the one or more parameters includes: Send an instruction for the corresponding transmitter circle selected for each of the plurality of orbital angular momentum modes.

22. The method according to claim 19, wherein, Sending the indication for the one or more parameters includes: Transmit the channel gain measurement associated with each received reference signal.

23. The method according to claim 19, wherein, Sending the indication for the one or more parameters includes: Send the channel gain measurement associated with each mode, wherein the channel gain measurement is the highest channel gain measurement associated with the mode.

24. The method of claim 16, further comprising: Determine one or more channel parameters, one or more receiver equipment parameters, or both.

25. The method according to claim 24, wherein, Sending the indication for the one or more parameters includes: Send an indication of one or more channel parameters, or one or more receiver device parameters, or both.

26. The method according to claim 24, wherein, The one or more channel parameters include path loss measurement between the second device and the first device, or communication distance between the second device and the first device, or both, and wherein the one or more receiver device parameters include the radius of one or more receiver circles of the second device.

27. The method according to claim 16, wherein, Sending the indication for the one or more parameters includes: The indication of one or more parameters is sent to the first device via: radio resource control message, medium access control element message, downlink control information message, uplink control information message, sidelink control information message, or a combination thereof.

28. The method of claim 16, further comprising: The first device receives a configuration message indicating orbital angular momentum mode-transmitter circle pairing, wherein the second device receives the message based at least in part on the configuration message.

29. An apparatus for wireless communication at a first device, comprising: processor; Memory coupled to the processor; as well as Instructions, which are stored in the memory and executable by the processor, cause the device to perform the following operations: Receive from the second device an indication of one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and the first device; Based at least in part on the one or more parameters, a transmitter circle is selected from a plurality of transmitter circles for the orbital angular momentum mode used for communication with the second device among a plurality of orbital angular momentum modes; as well as Based at least in part on the selection, the transmitter circle is used to send messages to the second device according to the orbital angular momentum pattern.

30. The apparatus according to claim 29, wherein, The instructions are also executable by the processor to cause the device to perform the method according to any one of claims 2 to 15.

31. An apparatus for wireless communication at a second device, comprising: processor; Memory coupled to the processor; as well as Instructions, which are stored in the memory and executable by the processor, cause the device to perform the following operations: Determine one or more parameters associated with communication between the second device and the first device; Send an indication to the first device of one or more parameters determined by the second device; Messages are received from the first device via a transmitter circle selected for the orbital angular momentum mode from among multiple transmitter circles.

32. The apparatus according to claim 31, wherein, The instructions are also executable by the processor to cause the device to perform the method according to any one of claims 17 to 28.

33. An apparatus for wireless communication at a first device, comprising a unit for performing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

34. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a first device, said code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

35. An apparatus for wireless communication at a second device, comprising a unit for performing the method according to any one of claims 16 to 28.

36. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a second device, said code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 16 to 28.

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