Indication of asymmetric default operating frequency for bidirectional communication

Abstract

The present disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for indication of asymmetric default operating frequencies (DOFs) for bidirectional communications. In one aspect, a first device can report to a second device that the first device is using the same DOF for communications in different transmission directions or different DOFs for different transmission directions. Based on the reported DOFs, if the DOFs are the same and resource block allocations for communications in both transmission directions closely match in frequency, the second device can use beam correspondence based beam relations in different transmission directions. Alternatively, if the DOFs are different for different transmission directions, the second device can adjust codebook parameters or can use appropriate antenna panels. Additionally or alternatively, the second device can instruct the first device to use respective antenna subarrays with similar DOFs.

Description

[0001] Cross-referencing

[0002] This patent application claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application No. 17 / 104,432, filed November 25, 2020, entitled “INDICATION OF ASYMMETRIC DEFAULT OPERATING FREQUENCIES FOR BIDIRECTIONAL COMMUNICATIONS”, which has been assigned to the assignee of this application. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates to wireless communications, including indications of an asymmetric default operating frequency (DOF) for bidirectional communication. Background Technology

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, and broadcasting. These systems can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth-generation (4G) systems (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, improved LTE (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-APro systems) and fifth-generation (5G) systems (which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems). These systems can employ technologies such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), or Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple access communication system may include one or more base stations or one or more network access nodes, each base station or network access node simultaneously supporting communication with multiple communication devices (which may also be referred to as User Equipment (UE)).

[0005] In some examples, a device can use a first frequency for a first transmission direction (e.g., uplink communication, downlink communication, or sidelink communication) while using different frequencies for a second transmission direction different from the first transmission direction. For example, the device can use different frequencies to reduce the transmission intensity in one of the transmission directions to meet radiated exposure requirements (e.g., maximum permissible exposure (MPE) requirements). Efficient techniques are desired for achieving communication in different transmission directions at different frequencies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The systems, methods, and apparatus disclosed herein are innovative in several ways, but no single aspect is solely responsible for the intended properties of this disclosure.

[0007] One innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in a method for wireless communication. The method may include: a first wireless device transmitting an indication of a first default operating frequency (DOF) for communication with a second wireless device in a first transmission direction, a second DOF for communication with the second wireless device in a second transmission direction, or both; and communicating with the second wireless device in the first transmission direction on the first DOF, the second transmission direction on the second DOF, or both.

[0008] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include at least a first interface and a second interface. The first interface may be configured to transmit (e.g., output) instructions via a first wireless device for: a first DOF for communication with a second wireless device in a first transmission direction, a second DOF for communication with the second wireless device in a second transmission direction, or both. Additionally, the first interface or the second interface may be configured to communicate with the second wireless device in the first transmission direction on the first DOF, the second transmission direction on the second DOF, or both.

[0009] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in another device for wireless communication. The device may include: a unit for transmitting instructions via a first wireless device for: a first DOF for communication with a second wireless device in a first transmission direction, a second DOF for communication with the second wireless device in a second transmission direction, or both; and a unit for communicating with the second wireless device in the first transmission direction on the first DOF, the second transmission direction on the second DOF, or both.

[0010] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: transmit instructions via a first wireless device for: a first DOF for communication with a second wireless device in a first transmission direction, a second DOF for communication with the second wireless device in a second transmission direction, or both; and to communicate with the second wireless device in the first transmission direction on the first DOF, the second transmission direction on the second DOF, or both.

[0011] In some implementations, the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following: receiving an indication for a first codebook parameter to be used for communication in the first transmission direction, a second codebook parameter to be used for communication in the second transmission direction, or both, in response to an indication of the first DOF, the second DOF, or both, wherein the communication with the second wireless device may be based on receiving the indication of the first codebook parameter, the second codebook parameter, or both.

[0012] In some implementations, the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following: receiving an instruction for a first antenna subarray for communication in the first transmission direction, a second antenna subarray for communication in the second transmission direction, or both, in response to an instruction for the first DOF, the second DOF, or both, wherein the communication with the second wireless device may be based on receiving the instruction for the first antenna subarray, the second antenna subarray, or both.

[0013] In some implementations, for the methods, apparatus and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, communicating with the second wireless device may include operations, features, elements or instructions for performing the following: communicating with the second wireless device using a first set of antenna elements on the first DOF in the first transmission direction, using a second set of antenna elements on the second DOF in the second transmission direction, or both, wherein the indication to the first DOF, the second DOF, or both includes indication to the first set of antenna elements and the second set of antenna elements.

[0014] In some implementations, for the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the first antenna element set and the second antenna element set may at least partially overlap on the same antenna panel, the first antenna element set may be located on a first antenna panel and the second antenna element set may be located on a second antenna panel different from the first antenna panel, or a combination thereof.

[0015] In some implementations, for the methods, apparatus and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, communicating with the second wireless device may include operations, features, elements or instructions for performing the following: communicating with the second wireless device using a first radio frequency (RF) chain on the first DOF in the first transmission direction, using a second RF chain on the second DOF in the second transmission direction, or both, wherein the first RF chain corresponds to the first DOF and the second RF chain may correspond to the second DOF.

[0016] In some implementations, the first DOF may differ from the second DOF for the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein.

[0017] In some implementations, the first DOF may be the same as the second DOF for the methods, apparatus and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein.

[0018] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in a method for wireless communication. The method may include: receiving an indication of a first DOF for communication with a first wireless device in a first transmission direction, a second DOF for communication with the first wireless device in a second transmission direction, or both; and communicating with the first wireless device according to one or more transmission parameters corresponding to the first DOF, the second DOF, or both.

[0019] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include at least a first interface and a second interface. The first interface may be configured to receive (e.g., obtain) indications of a first DOF for communication with a first wireless device in a first transmission direction, a second DOF for communication with the first wireless device in a second transmission direction, or both. Additionally, the first interface or the second interface may be configured to communicate with the first wireless device based on one or more transmission parameters corresponding to the first DOF, the second DOF, or both.

[0020] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in another apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include: a unit for receiving an indication of a first DOF for communication with a first wireless device in a first transmission direction, a second DOF for communication with the first wireless device in a second transmission direction, or both; and a unit for communicating with the first wireless device according to one or more transmission parameters corresponding to the first DOF, the second DOF, or both.

[0021] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: receive indications for a first DOF for communication with a first wireless device in a first transmission direction, a second DOF for communication with the first wireless device in a second transmission direction, or both; and communicate with the first wireless device according to one or more transmission parameters corresponding to the first DOF, the second DOF, or both.

[0022] In some implementations, the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following: sending to the first wireless device an indication of a first codebook parameter for communication in the first transmission direction, a second codebook parameter for communication in the second transmission direction, or both, wherein the first codebook parameter corresponds to the first DOF, and the second codebook parameter corresponds to the second DOF, wherein the first codebook parameter and the second codebook parameter may be determined based on the difference between the first DOF and the second DOF satisfying a threshold.

[0023] In some implementations, the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following: sending to the first wireless device an indication of a first antenna subarray for communication by the first wireless device in the first transmission direction, a second antenna subarray for communication by the first wireless device in the second transmission direction, or both, wherein the first antenna subarray corresponds to the first DOF and the second antenna subarray corresponds to the second DOF, wherein the first antenna subarray and the second antenna subarray may be determined based on the difference between the first DOF and the second DOF satisfying a threshold.

[0024] In some implementations, for the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, communicating with the first wireless device may include operations, features, units or instructions for performing the following: communicating with the first wireless device based on a beam correspondence relationship between communication in the first transmission direction and communication in the second transmission direction, wherein the beam correspondence relationship may be determined based on one or more of the following: the first DOF is the same as the second DOF, a first resource allocation for communication in the first transmission direction, or a second resource allocation for communication in the second transmission direction.

[0025] In some implementations, communicating with the first wireless device, for the methods, apparatus and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, may include operations, features, elements or instructions for performing the following: communicating with the first wireless device using a first antenna panel on the first DOF in the first transmission direction, using a second antenna panel on the second DOF in the second transmission direction, or both, wherein the first antenna panel corresponds to the first DOF and the second antenna panel corresponds to the second DOF.

[0026] In some implementations, the first DOF may differ from the second DOF for the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein.

[0027] In some implementations, the first DOF may be the same as the second DOF for the methods, apparatus and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein.

[0028] Details of one or more implementations of the subject matter described in this disclosure are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, aspects, and advantages will become apparent from the specification, drawings, and claims. It should be noted that the relative dimensions in the following drawings may not be drawn to scale. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system that supports an indication of the asymmetric default operating frequency (DOF) for bidirectional communication is shown.

[0030] Figure 2 An example of DOF signaling operation that supports indications for asymmetric DOF used for bidirectional communication is shown.

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an example device supporting indication of asymmetric DOF for bidirectional communication is shown.

[0032] Figure 4 An example antenna configuration supporting indication of asymmetric DOF for bidirectional communication is shown.

[0033] Figure 5 An example process flow is shown that supports instructions for asymmetric DOF used for bidirectional communication.

[0034] Figure 6 and 7 An example diagram of a system is shown, which includes a device that supports indications for asymmetric DOF used for bidirectional communication.

[0035] Figure 8 and 9An example flowchart illustrating a method for supporting instructions for asymmetric DOF used in bidirectional communication is shown.

[0036] Similar reference numerals and naming conventions in the various figures indicate similar elements. Detailed Implementation

[0037] For the purpose of describing the innovative aspects of this disclosure, the following description relates to certain implementations. However, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that the teachings herein can be applied in a variety of different ways. The described implementations can be implemented in any device, system, or network capable of transmitting and receiving RF signals according to any one of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 16.11 standards or any of the following: IEEE 802.11 standard, Standard, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), GSM or General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Enhanced Data GSM Environment (EDGE), Terrestrial Trunking Radio (TETRA), Wideband-CDMA (W-CDMA), Evolved Data Optimized (EV-DO), 1xEV-DO, EV-DO Rev A, EV-DO Rev B, High-Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA), High-Speed ​​Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA), High-Speed ​​Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA), Evolved High-Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA+), Long Term Evolution (LTE), AMPS, or other known signals used for communication in wireless, cellular, or Internet of Things (IoT) networks (e.g., systems utilizing 3G, 4G, or 5G, or other implementations or technologies thereof).

[0038] In some wireless communication systems, a user equipment (UE) can operate over an ultra-wide bandwidth (e.g., over bands covering 26 GHz, 52.6 GHz, 71 GHz, etc.). Because the wavelengths in the higher frequency bands of this range are smaller than those in the lower frequencies (such as 6 GHz or lower), more antenna elements can be packaged in the same physical aperture in the higher frequency bands compared to the lower frequencies. Therefore, the UE can include more antenna elements for communication at higher frequency bands compared to the lower frequency bands. In this case, the UE can use a single radio frequency (RF) chain (e.g., a set of components for transmitting or receiving signals, such as amplifiers, filters, mixers, analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters, attenuators, detectors, or combinations thereof). However, using a single RF chain can lead to poorer performance at certain frequencies (e.g., at lower frequencies (such as 6 GHz and below) due to beam tilt). Therefore, when communication with an additional device is performed in a first transmission direction, the UE can operate according to a first default operating frequency (DOF), and when communication with an additional device is performed in a second transmission direction, the UE can operate according to a second DOF. In a non-limiting example, a DOF used for the first transmission direction can be chosen to handle the maximum permissible exposure (MPE) constraint, while a separate DOF used for the second transmission direction can provide better communication performance (e.g., higher signal strength). If the second device is unaware of the DOF used by the UE for communication in the corresponding transmission direction, it may introduce latency and unreliability into the wireless communication system.

[0039] The first and second devices can support methods for indicating asymmetric DOFs for communication in different transmission directions for an ultra-wideband beamforming system. For example, the first device can report to the second device that it is using the same DOF for communication in different transmission directions or using different DOFs individually for communication in different transmission directions. Based on the reported DOFs, if the DOFs are the same, the second device can use beam relationships based on beam correspondence in the different transmission directions and use resource block / reference signal allocations for communication in two frequency-closely matched transmission directions. If the DOFs are different for communication in different transmission directions, the second device can adjust codebook parameters (e.g., designed for appropriate frequencies of interest in one or both transmission directions) or use appropriate antenna panels (e.g., corresponding to the desired selection of DOFs for different transmission directions for the first device). Alternatively, the second device can instruct the first device to use a corresponding antenna subarray with a similar DOF, which the first device would otherwise incur performance penalties.

[0040] Specific implementations of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented to achieve one or more of the following potential advantages. By indicating the DOF for the corresponding transmission direction, the receiving device (e.g., a second device) can know which DOF the sending device is using for the corresponding transmission direction. Therefore, the receiving device can schedule communication or adjust transmission parameters based on the DOF. Furthermore, indicating the DOF can reduce latency and improve the reliability of communication between the two devices (e.g., by using adjusted transmission parameters or scheduled communication based on the DOF). For example, instead of using a trial-and-error process to determine which transmission parameters to use (where the trial-and-error process may include retransmissions or failed transmissions), the receiving device can proactively determine transmission parameters based on the DOF and can preempt one or more retransmissions or failed transmissions, thereby reducing latency, power consumption, and heat distribution.

[0041] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system 100 supporting indication of asymmetric DOF for bidirectional communication is shown. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more base stations 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an improved LTE (LTE-A) network, an LTE-APro network, or a New Radio (NR) network. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may support enhanced broadband communication, ultra-reliable (e.g., mission-critical) communication, low-latency communication, or communication with low-cost and low-complexity devices, or any combination thereof.

[0042] Base stations 105 can be distributed throughout a geographical area to form a wireless communication system 100, and can be devices of different forms or with different capabilities. Base stations 105 and UE 115 can communicate wirelessly via one or more communication links 125. Each base station 105 can provide a coverage area 110, and UE 115 and base station 105 can establish one or more communication links 125 on the coverage area 110. Coverage area 110 can be an example of a geographical area where base station 105 and UE 115 can support signal transmission according to one or more radio access technologies.

[0043] UE 115 can be distributed throughout the entire coverage area 110 of the wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 can be stationary, mobile, or both at different times. UE 115 can be devices of different forms or with different capabilities. Figure 1Some example UE 115s are shown in the document. The UE 115 described herein is capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as other UE 115s, base station 105, or network devices (e.g., core network nodes, relay devices, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, or other network devices), such as... Figure 1 As shown.

[0044] Base station 105 can communicate with core network 130, communicate with each other, or perform both of these operations. For example, base station 105 can interface with core network 130 via one or more backhaul links 120 (e.g., via S1, N2, N3, or another interface). Base station 105 can communicate with each other directly (e.g., directly between base stations 105) on backhaul links 120 (e.g., via X2, Xn, or another interface), or indirectly (e.g., via core network 130), or perform both of these operations. In some examples, backhaul link 120 can be or includes one or more radio links.

[0045] One or more of the base stations 105 described herein may include, or may be referred to by those skilled in the art as, base station transceiver, radio base station, access point, radio transceiver, node B, evolved node B (eNB), next-generation node B or gigabit node B (any of which may be referred to as gNB), home node B, home evolved node B, or some other suitable term.

[0046] UE 115 may include or be referred to as a mobile device, wireless device, remote device, handheld device, or subscriber device, or some other suitable term, wherein "device" may also be referred to as a unit, station, terminal, or client, and other examples. UE 115 may also include or be referred to as a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablet computer, laptop computer, or personal computer. In some examples, UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, Internet of Things (IoT) device, Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, and other examples, which may be implemented in various items such as appliances, vehicles, meters, and other examples.

[0047] The UE 115 described in this document can communicate with various types of devices, such as other UE 115s that can sometimes act as repeaters, as well as base station 105 and network devices, including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, and other examples, such as... Figure 1 As shown.

[0048] UE 115 and base station 105 can wirelessly communicate with each other via one or more communication links 125 on one or more carriers. The term "carrier" can refer to a set of radio frequency spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting communication link 125. For example, a carrier for communication link 125 may include a portion of a radio frequency spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth portion (BWP)) that operates according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-APro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling coordinating operation for the carrier, user data, or other signaling. Wireless communication system 100 can support communication with UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. Depending on the carrier aggregation configuration, UE 115 can be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers. Carrier aggregation can be used in conjunction with both frequency division duplex (FDD) component carriers and time division duplex (TDD) component carriers.

[0049] In some examples (e.g., in a carrier aggregation configuration), carriers may also have acquisition or control signaling that coordinates operation against other carriers. Carriers may be associated with frequency channels (e.g., Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number (EARFCN)) and may be positioned according to a channel grid for discovery by UE 115. Carriers may operate in standalone mode, where UE 115 performs initial acquisition and connection via a carrier, or in non-standalone mode, where different carriers (e.g., the same or different radio access technologies) are used to anchor the connection.

[0050] The communication link 125 shown in the wireless communication system 100 may include uplink transmission from UE 115 to base station 105, or downlink transmission from base station 105 to UE 115. The carrier may carry downlink or uplink communication (e.g., in FDD mode) or may be configured to carry both downlink and uplink communication (e.g., in TDD mode).

[0051] A carrier can be associated with a specific bandwidth of the radio frequency spectrum, and in some examples, the carrier bandwidth can be referred to as the carrier or the “system bandwidth” of the wireless communication system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth can be one of a number of defined bandwidths for a particular radio access technology (e.g., 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, or 80 MHz). Devices of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., base station 105, UE 115, or both) can have a hardware configuration that supports communication on a specific carrier bandwidth, or can be configured to support communication on one carrier bandwidth in a set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may include a base station 105 or UE 115 that supports simultaneous communication via carriers associated with multiple carrier bandwidths. In some examples, each served UE 115 can be configured to operate on a portion (e.g., a subband, BWP) or all of the carrier bandwidth.

[0052] The signal waveform transmitted on a carrier can consist of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multicarrier modulation (MCM) techniques such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) or Discrete Fourier Transform Spread Spectrum OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCM, a resource element can include a symbol period (e.g., the duration of a modulation symbol) and a subcarrier, where the symbol period and subcarrier spacing are inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element can depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both). Therefore, the more resource elements UE 115 receives and the higher the order of the modulation scheme, the higher the data rate can be for UE 115. Wireless communication resources can refer to a combination of radio frequency spectrum resources, temporal resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers or beams), and the use of multiple spatial layers can further increase the data rate or data integrity used for communication with UE 115.

[0053] One or more digital schemes (numerologies) can be supported for a carrier, where the digital scheme may include a subcarrier spacing (Δf) and a cyclic prefix. A carrier can be divided into one or more BWPs with the same or different digital schemes. In some examples, UE 115 can be configured with multiple BWPs. In some examples, a single BWP for a carrier can be active at a given time, and communication for UE 115 can be restricted to one or more active BWPs.

[0054] It can be expressed in a basic unit of time (which can be, for example, T). s =1 / (Δf) max ·N f The sampling period is ) seconds, where Δf maxThis can represent the maximum supported subcarrier spacing, and N f The time interval for base station 105 or UE 115 can be represented as a multiple of the maximum supported Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) size. The time interval for communication resources can be organized based on radio frames, each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame can be identified by a System Frame Number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0055] Each frame may include multiple consecutively numbered subframes or time slots, and each subframe or time slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a number of time slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of time slots, and the number of time slots may depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot may include a number of symbol periods (e.g., this depends on the length of the cyclic prefix added before each symbol period). In some wireless communication systems 100, time slots may be further divided into multiple micro-time slots containing one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may contain one or more (e.g., N) f (Number) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period can depend on the subcarrier spacing or the operating frequency band.

[0056] A subframe, time slot, micro-time slot, or symbol can be the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., in the time domain) and can be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the duration of the TTI (e.g., the number of symbol periods in the TTI) can be variable. Alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 can be dynamically selected (e.g., in a burst form of a shortened TTI (sTTI)).

[0057] Physical channels can be multiplexed on a carrier using various techniques. For example, one or more of Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM), or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques can be used to multiplex physical control channels and physical data channels on a downlink carrier. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) for physical control channels can be defined by the number of symbol periods and can extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) can be configured for a group of UEs 115. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 can monitor or search for control regions against control information based on one or more search space sets, and each search space set can include one or more control channel candidates arranged in a cascaded manner at one or more aggregation levels. The aggregation level for control channel candidates can refer to the number of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with coded information for a control information format having a given payload size. The search space set may include a common search space set configured to send control information to multiple UEs 115 and a UE-specific search space set used to send control information to a specific UE 115.

[0058] Each base station 105 may provide communication coverage via one or more cells (e.g., macro cells, small cells, hotspots, or other types of cells, or any combination thereof). The term "cell" may refer to a logical communication entity used (e.g., on a carrier) to communicate with base station 105 and may be associated with an identifier used to distinguish neighboring cells (e.g., Physical Cell Identifier (PCID), Virtual Cell Identifier (VCID), or other identifier). In some examples, a cell may also refer to a geographic coverage area 110 or a portion of geographic coverage area 110 (e.g., a sector) on which a logical communication entity operates. Depending on various factors (such as the capabilities of base station 105), the range of such cells can range from small areas (e.g., structures, subsets of structures) to large areas. For example, a cell may be or include buildings, subsets of buildings, or external space between or overlapping geographic coverage areas 110, and other examples.

[0059] Macro cells typically cover a relatively large geographical area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and can allow unrestricted access by UE 115 with a service subscription to a network provider supporting the macro cell. In contrast, small cells can be associated with a lower-power base station 105 and can operate in the same or different (e.g., licensed, unlicensed) frequency bands as macro cells. Small cells can provide unrestricted access to UE 115 with a service subscription to a network provider, or restricted access to UE 115 associated with the small cell (e.g., UE 115 in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG), or UE 115 associated with a user in a residence or office). Base station 105 can support one or more cells and can also support communication on one or more cells using one or more component carriers.

[0060] In some examples, a carrier can support multiple cells and can be configured with different cells based on different protocol types that can provide access for different types of devices (e.g., MTC, Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB)).

[0061] In some examples, base station 105 may be mobile, and therefore provide communication coverage for mobile geographic coverage areas 110. In some examples, different geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but different geographic coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same base station 105. In some other examples, overlapping geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different base stations 105. Wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network, in which different types of base stations 105 use the same or different radio access technologies to provide coverage for various geographic coverage areas 110.

[0062] The wireless communication system 100 can support synchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, base stations 105 can have similar frame timings, and transmissions from different base stations 105 can be approximately time-aligned. For asynchronous operation, base stations 105 can have different frame timings, and in some examples, transmissions from different base stations 105 may not be time-aligned. The techniques described herein can be used for both synchronous and asynchronous operation.

[0063] Some UE 115s (e.g., MTC or IoT devices) can be low-cost or low-complexity devices and can provide automated machine-to-machine communication (e.g., via machine-to-machine (M2M) communication). M2M communication or MTC can refer to data communication technologies that allow devices to communicate with each other or with base station 105 without human intervention. In some examples, M2M communication or MTC can include communication from devices that have integrated sensors or meters to measure or capture information and relay such information to a central server or application that uses the information or presents it to humans interacting with the application. Some UE 115s can be designed to collect information or automate the behavior of machines or other devices. Examples of applications for MTC devices include smart metering, inventory monitoring, water level monitoring, equipment monitoring, healthcare monitoring, wildlife monitoring, climate and geological event monitoring, fleet management and tracking, remote security sensing, physical access control, and transaction-based billing.

[0064] Some UE 115s can be configured to operate in a power-saving mode, such as half-duplex communication (e.g., a mode that supports unidirectional communication via either transmission or reception, rather than simultaneous transmission and reception). In some examples, half-duplex communication may be performed at a reduced peak rate. Other power-saving techniques for UE 115 include entering a power-saving deep sleep mode when not engaged in active communication, when operating on limited bandwidth (e.g., according to narrowband communication), or a combination of these techniques. For example, some UE 115s can be configured to operate using a narrowband protocol type associated with a defined portion or range (e.g., a set of subcarriers or resource blocks (RBs) within a carrier, within a carrier's guard band, or outside a carrier.

[0065] Wireless communication system 100 can be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low-latency communication, or various combinations thereof. For example, wireless communication system 100 can be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) or mission-critical communication. UE 115 can be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or mission-critical functions (e.g., mission-critical functions). Ultra-reliable communication can include private or group communication and can be supported by one or more mission-critical services (such as mission-critical push-to-talk (MCPTT), mission-critical video (MCVideo), or mission-critical data (MCData)). Support for mission-critical functions can include service prioritization, and mission-critical services can be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, mission-critical, and ultra-reliable low-latency are used interchangeably herein.

[0066] In some examples, UE 115 may be able to communicate directly with other UE 115s on a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., using peer-to-peer (P2P) or D2D protocols). One or more UEs 115s utilizing D2D communication may be within the geographic coverage area 110 of base station 105. Other UEs 115s in such a group may be outside the geographic coverage area 110 of base station 105 or otherwise unable to receive transmissions from base station 105. In some examples, groups of UEs 115s communicating via D2D communication may utilize a one-to-many (1:M) system, wherein each UE 115 transmits to each other UE 115 in the group. In some examples, base station 105 facilitates the scheduling of resources for D2D communication. In other cases, D2D communication is performed between UEs 115 without involving base station 105.

[0067] In some systems, the D2D communication link 135 may be an example of a communication channel (such as a sidelink communication channel) between vehicles (e.g., UE 115). In some examples, vehicles may communicate using vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, or some combination of these. Vehicles may signal information relating to traffic conditions, signal control, weather, safety, emergencies, or any other information relating to the V2X system. In some examples, vehicles in a V2X system may communicate with roadside infrastructure (such as roadside units), or communicate with the network via one or more network nodes (e.g., base station 105) using vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication, or both.

[0068] Core network 130 can provide user authentication, access permission, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. Core network 130 can be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), and can include at least one control plane entity (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), access and mobility management function unit (AMF)) managing access and mobility, and at least one user plane entity (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or user plane function unit (UPF)) routing packets to or interconnecting with external networks. The control plane entity can manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for UE 115 served by base station 105 associated with core network 130. User IP packets can be transmitted through the user plane entity, which can provide IP address allocation and other functions. The user plane entity can connect to the IP services of one or more network operators. IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, intranets, IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or packet-switched streaming services.

[0069] Some network devices (e.g., base station 105) may include sub-components such as access network entity 140, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC). Each access network entity 140 may communicate with UE 115 through one or more other access network transport entities 145 (which may be referred to as a radio headend, smart radio headend, or transmit / receive point (TRP)). Each access network transport entity 145 may include one or more antenna panels. In some configurations, the various functions of each access network entity 140 or base station 105 may be distributed across individual network devices (e.g., radio headends and ANCs) or incorporated into a single network device (e.g., base station 105).

[0070] Wireless communication system 100 can operate using one or more frequency bands (typically in the range of 300 MHz to 300 GHz). The region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is typically referred to as the Ultra High Frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelength range extends from approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, but the waves can be sufficiently permeable to penetrate structures for use in macrocells to provide service to UE 115 located indoors. Compared to the transmission of smaller frequencies and longer waves in the lower 300 MHz portion of the spectrum in the High Frequency (HF) or Very High Frequency (VHF) regions, UHF wave transmission can be associated with smaller antennas and shorter distances (e.g., less than 100 km).

[0071] The wireless communication system 100 can also operate in the ultra-high frequency (SHF) region using a frequency band from 3 GHz to 30 GHz (also referred to as the centimeter band) or in the extremely high frequency (EHF) region of the spectrum (e.g., from 30 GHz to 300 GHz) (also referred to as the millimeter band). In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 can support millimeter-wave (mmW) communication between the UE 115 and the base station 105, and the EHF antennas of the corresponding device can be even smaller and more closely spaced compared to UHF antennas. In some examples, this can facilitate the use of antenna arrays within the device. However, EHF transmissions may suffer from even greater atmospheric attenuation and shorter distances compared to SHF or UHF transmissions. The techniques disclosed herein can be employed across transmissions using one or more different frequency regions, and the designated use of frequency bands across these frequency regions may vary depending on the country or regulatory authority.

[0072] Wireless communication system 100 can utilize both licensed and unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands. For example, wireless communication system 100 can employ licensed assisted access (LAA), LTE unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology in unlicensed frequency bands (such as the 5 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band). When operating in unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands, devices (such as base station 105 and UE 115) can employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operation in unlicensed frequency bands can be based on carrier aggregation configurations that combine component carriers operating in licensed frequency bands (e.g., LAA). Operation in unlicensed spectrum can include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, and other examples.

[0073] Base station 105 or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which can be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication, or beamforming. The antennas of base station 105 or UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels (which may support MIMO operation or transmit or receive beamforming). For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples, the antennas or antenna arrays associated with base station 105 may be located in different geographical locations. Base station 105 may have an antenna array having a number of rows and columns of antenna ports that base station 105 can use to support beamforming for communication with UE 115. Similarly, UE 115 may have one or more antenna arrays that can support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, antenna panels may support radio frequency beamforming for signals transmitted via antenna ports.

[0074] Base station 105 or UE 115 can use MIMO communication to utilize multipath signal propagation and improve spectral efficiency by transmitting or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers. Such a technique can be called spatial multiplexing. For example, a transmitting device can transmit multiple signals via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Similarly, a receiving device can receive multiple signals via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Each of the multiple signals can be referred to as a separate spatial stream and can carry bits associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., different codewords). Different spatial layers can be associated with different antenna ports used for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO techniques include single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO) (where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to the same receiving device) and multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) (where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to multiple devices).

[0075] Beamforming (also known as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception) is a signal processing technique that can be used at a transmitting or receiving device (e.g., base station 105, UE 115) to form or guide an antenna beam (e.g., transmit beam, receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting and receiving devices. Beamforming can be achieved by combining signals transmitted via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating relative to a specific orientation of the antenna array experience constructive interference, while others experience destructive interference. Adjustments to the signals transmitted via the antenna elements can include applying amplitude offset, phase offset, or both to the signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the transmitting or receiving device. The adjustments associated with each antenna element can be defined by a set of beamforming weights associated with a specific orientation (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the transmitting or receiving device, or relative to some other orientation).

[0076] As part of beamforming operations, base station 105 or UE 115 may use beam scanning techniques. For example, base station 105 may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to perform beamforming operations for directional communication with UE 115. Base station 105 may transmit some signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) multiple times in different directions. For example, base station 105 may transmit signals according to different sets of beamforming weights associated with different transmission directions. Transmissions in different beam directions may be used (e.g., by a transmitting device (such as base station 105) or by a receiving device (such as UE 115)) to identify the beam direction for subsequent transmissions or receptions performed by base station 105.

[0077] Base station 105 may transmit signals (e.g., data signals associated with a specific receiving device, such as UE 115) in a single beam direction (e.g., a direction associated with a particular receiving device, such as UE 115). In some examples, the beam direction associated with transmission along a single beam direction may be determined based on signals transmitted in one or more beam directions. For example, UE 115 may receive one or more signals transmitted by base station 105 in different directions and may report to base station 105 an indication of the signal received by UE 115 that has the highest signal quality or otherwise acceptable signal quality.

[0078] In some examples, multiple beam directions can be used to perform transmissions by a device (e.g., base station 105 or UE 115), and the device can use a combination of digital precoding or radio frequency beamforming to generate combined beams for (e.g., from base station 105 to UE 115) transmissions. UE 115 can report feedback indicating precoding weights for one or more beam directions, and this feedback can correspond to a configured number of beams spanning the system bandwidth or one or more subbands. Base station 105 can transmit reference signals that can be precoded or unprecoded (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS), channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS)). UE 115 can provide feedback on beam selection, which can be a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., multi-panel type codebook, linear combination type codebook, port selection type codebook). Although these techniques are described with reference to signals transmitted by base station 105 in one or more directions, UE 115 may employ similar techniques to transmit signals multiple times in different directions (e.g., to identify beam directions for subsequent transmissions or receptions by UE 115) or to transmit signals in a single direction (e.g., to transmit data to a receiving device).

[0079] When receiving various signals (such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) from base station 105, the receiving device (e.g., UE 115) can attempt multiple receiving configurations (e.g., directional listening). For example, the receiving device can attempt multiple receiving directions by receiving via different antenna subarrays, by processing the received signals according to different antenna subarrays, by receiving according to different sets of receiving beamforming weights applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of the antenna array (e.g., different sets of directional listening weights), or by processing the received signals according to different sets of receiving beamforming weights applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of the antenna array (any of these operations can be referred to as "listening" according to different receiving configurations or receiving directions). In some examples, the receiving device can use a single receiving configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when receiving data signals). A single receiver configuration can be aligned to a beam direction determined based on listening in different receiver configuration directions (e.g., a beam direction determined to have the highest signal strength, highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), or otherwise acceptable signal quality based on listening in multiple beam directions).

[0080] The wireless communication system 100 can be a packet-based network operating according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, communication at the bearer or Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer can be IP-based. The Radio Link Control (RLC) layer can perform packet fragmentation and reassembly for transmission over logical channels. The Media Access Control (MAC) layer can perform priority handling and multiplexing of logical channels to transport channels. The MAC layer can also use error detection techniques, error correction techniques, or both to support retransmissions at the MAC layer to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, the Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol layer can provide the establishment, configuration, and maintenance of RRC connections (which support radio bearers for user plane data) between the UE 115 and the base station 105 or core network 130. At the physical layer, transport channels can be mapped to physical channels.

[0081] UE 115 and base station 105 can support data retransmission to increase the likelihood of successful data reception. Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) feedback is a technique used to increase the likelihood of correct data reception on communication link 125. HARQ can include a combination of error detection (e.g., using Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)), forward error correction (FEC), and retransmission (e.g., Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ)). HARQ can improve throughput at the MAC layer under poor radio conditions (e.g., low signal and noise conditions). In some examples, the device can support same-slot HARQ feedback, where the device can provide HARQ feedback for data received in a previous symbol within a specific time slot. In other cases, the device can provide HARQ feedback in subsequent time slots or according to some other time interval.

[0082] Wireless communication system 100 can operate in higher frequency bands (e.g., FR4 in the 52.6 GHz–114.25 GHz band). Because the wavelengths in higher frequency bands (e.g., FR4) are smaller than those in lower frequency bands, more antenna elements can be packaged in the same physical aperture in higher frequency bands compared to lower frequencies. For example, antennas or antenna elements for higher frequency bands are spaced apart at shorter (or smaller) distances to match the shorter wavelengths, resulting in a greater number of antenna elements being placed in an antenna module or a given physical aperture. In some examples, the UE can operate in ultra-wideband (e.g., the 57 GHz–71 GHz band). Operating in such bands can allow for significant performance and beamforming gain. However, in many devices, a single RF chain can be used in ultra-wideband because, for example, the cost of adjusting beam weights may be too high, the delay associated with offset beam weights may be dominant, and so on.

[0083] Because a single radio frequency (RF) chain can use a single set of phase shifters, analog beamforming can be limited and may result in poor performance at certain frequencies (e.g., at lower frequencies such as 6 GHz and below, due to beam tilt). In some examples, analog beamforming with a limited number of RF chains can be performed on the antenna array in FR4. In such examples, the analog beamforming codebook can be optimized for some carrier frequencies (e.g., DOF) over ultra-wideband. The DOF can be UE-specific (e.g., the DOF can depend on the architecture of the UE's antenna array), and therefore the base station may not be aware of the DOF.

[0084] The wireless communication system 100 can support efficient techniques for the UE 115 to send an indication of DOF selection to the base station 105. For example, the UE can indicate the same DOF for both uplink and downlink communication, or different DOFs for both downlink and uplink communication. Based on the DOF indication, the base station can adjust transmission parameters. For example, if the DOFs used for uplink and downlink transmission are different, the base station can use beam relationships based on beam correspondence for communication. Alternatively, if the UE indicates the same DOF for uplink and downlink transmission, the base station can adjust codebook parameters (appropriate frequencies of interest designed for uplink or downlink, or both) or use appropriate panels (corresponding to the UE's desired DOF selection, such as in the uplink / downlink).

[0085] Figure 2 An example of DOF signaling operation 200 supporting indication of asymmetric DOF for bidirectional communication is shown. DOF signaling operation example 200 can implement various aspects of wireless communication system 100. For example, DOF signaling operation example 200 can include wireless communication between base station 105-a and UE 115-a, which can respectively represent as referenced... Figure 1 The corresponding base station 105 and UE 115 are described. Additionally, base station 105-a and UE 115-a can support as described in the reference. Figure 1 The beamforming communication described is used to send messages to and receive messages from each other. In some examples, UE 115-a and base station 105-a can communicate on the resources of carrier 205.

[0086] UE 115-a and base station 105-a can communicate over one or more RF bands, such as FR2 or FR4 RF bands. The FR4 band (which may be referred to as the "higher mmW band" or "RF in the sub-THz region") can have a shorter wavelength (λ) compared to the FR2 band. For example, the FR2 band may include an RF spectrum between 24.25 GHz and 52.6 GHz, and the FR4 band may include an RF spectrum between 52.6 GHz and 114.25 GHz. In some examples, because the FR4 band has a shorter wavelength compared to the FR2 band, more antenna elements can be packaged into the same physical aperture in FR4 compared to FR2. This wavelength difference can result in an antenna array having a greater number of antenna elements. That is, antennas or antenna elements used for higher frequencies are shorter (or smaller) to match the shorter wavelength, resulting in a greater number of smaller antenna elements that can be placed in the antenna module or physical aperture. As the demand for greater throughput and capacity continues, it may extend to higher RF bands (such as frequency range 5 (FR5)), which could lead to more densely packed antenna arrays.

[0087] In some implementations, beamforming communication is formed for UE 115-a (e.g., refer to...). Figure 3 The antenna element sets of the uplink and downlink subarrays (e.g., different transmission directions) of an antenna module (described in more detail) can partially overlap within the same antenna module or can be located in completely different antenna modules. For example, UE 115-a can use a subarray for downlink transmission, but can determine that a portion of the subarray can be used for uplink transmission. Because uplink transmission is more regulatoryly constrained, a UE using the same subarray for both uplink and downlink transmission may exceed the MPE requirements on the uplink. Therefore, the UE can determine to use a portion of the subarray for uplink transmission to meet the MPE requirements. Furthermore, the element spacing of the subarrays used for uplink and downlink transmission can be different. For example, the first subarray used for uplink transmission can be in a separate module from the second subarray used for downlink transmission, and the element spacing can be different for each module, resulting in different element spacing for different transmission directions.

[0088] In some examples, analog beamforming with a limited number of RF chains can be performed on an antenna array in FR4. In such examples, the analog beamforming codebook can be optimized for some carrier frequencies (e.g., DOF) over ultrawideband. Additionally, devices operating in FR2 or FR4 RF spectrum bands can use a portion or subset of the entire RF spectrum band. For example, a device operating in the FR4 RF spectrum band can receive an allocation of a subset of frequencies within the 52.6 to 114.25 GHz frequency range (FR4 RF spectrum band). In some implementations, this subset of frequencies in the FR4 RF spectrum band can be relatively wide compared to frequency allocations in other RF spectrum bands, and therefore may be referred to herein as ultrawideband. For example, a bandwidth of approximately 14 GHz (a 14 GHz subset of the FR4 RF spectrum band) can be used for devices spanning multiple geographic locations, and in some cases, devices communicating over such ultrawideband may experience performance and beamforming gains (such as greater throughput). In some aspects, devices can receive such a 14 GHz wide bandwidth allocation from 57–71 GHz.

[0089] Some devices can communicate over ultra-wide bandwidths (such as approximately 14 GHz) using a single RF chain, and because such devices can use a single set of phase shifters for a single RF chain, analog or RF beamforming can be constrained (or limited to a certain number of carrier frequencies) based on the use of a single RF link, which may result in poor performance at some frequencies. In some implementations, this poor performance at some frequencies due to limited analog or RF beamforming can be referred to as “beam tilt.” Furthermore, some devices can tune or optimize their RF chains (e.g., analog or RF beamforming codebooks) for a specific carrier frequency (which may be referred to herein as DOF) over an ultra-wide bandwidth of interest (such as a 14 GHz wide bandwidth from 57–71 GHz).

[0090] Therefore, a device may have a greater likelihood of successfully communicating with another device that is also using the same or similar DOF. In other words, DOF can correspond to a frequency in which the RF chain is tailored relative to other frequencies within the ultra-wideband frequency allocation in terms of peak (or increased) beamforming array gain. Alternatively, the DOF of a node or device can also be referred to as a measure of the frequency at which it captures its half-wavelength equal to the inter-element spacing on the antenna array or panel in operation. For example, for a certain wavelength λ, the inter-element spacing can be d = λ / 2, and the corresponding DOF can be equal to c / λ = c / 2d, where c is the speed of light. Therefore, the antenna panel of a device can have a DOF based on the inter-element spacing of the antenna panel design or configuration, and the device can adjust or customize the DOF of the antenna panel based on the configuration or tuning (coupled to) the RF chain of the antenna array or panel.

[0091] A DOF can be device- and RF chain-specific, and in some examples, may be unknown at the device at the other end of the link. For example, UE 115-a may tune or optimize its analog or RF codebook for a first DOF, and base station 105-a may not know the first DOF used by UE 115-a. Therefore, in some examples, communication devices may share information related to the configured DOF by signaling (e.g., broadcasting) or otherwise. In some aspects, signaling may be from the TRP or base station to UE 115. In other aspects, signaling may be from UE 115 to the TRP or base station.

[0092] Based on different antenna modules used for uplink and downlink transmissions (e.g., different numbers of antenna elements in different transmission directions, different element spacing, use of antenna patches or dipole antennas, different bandwidths for different antenna modules, or other different characteristics, etc.), the first DOF used for uplink transmission can be different from the second DOF used for downlink transmission. In DOF determination 210, UE 115-a can determine (e.g., select) the first DOF to be used for uplink transmission and the second DOF to be used for downlink transmission (e.g., different DOFs). In some implementations, UE 115-a can make this determination based on which antenna modules are used for uplink and downlink transmissions, the element spacing of the subarray, and dynamic factors (such as obstacles between the UE and the base station). Subsequently, UE 115-a can send DOF indication 215 to base station 105-a on carrier 205 to indicate the DOF used for uplink and downlink transmissions.

[0093] In some examples, using DOF indication 215, UE 115-a can report the same DOF used for uplink and downlink transmissions (e.g., UE 115-a can determine that the same array is optimized for wireless communication for uplink and downlink transmissions). In such examples, if the DOF used for uplink and downlink is the same, and if the RBs used for uplink and downlink are allocated in closely matched frequencies, then base station 105-a can use beam correspondence-based beaming relationships on uplink and downlink.

[0094] In some other examples, using DOF indication 215, UE 115-a can report different DOFs used for uplink and downlink transmissions (e.g., UE 115-a can determine that a portion of the subarray used for downlink transmissions will be used for uplink transmissions based on MPE requirements, the subarrays used for uplink and downlink transmissions being in different antenna modules, different element spacings used for uplink and downlink, or combinations thereof). In such cases, base station 105-a can adjust codebook parameters (the appropriate frequency of interest designed for uplink or downlink or both) or use appropriate antenna panels (corresponding to the desired selection of DOFs for uplink / downlink). Base station 105-a can then send an indication of the adjusted codebook parameters to UE 115-a. Alternatively or concurrently, base station 105-a can instruct UE 115-a to use uplink and downlink subarrays with similar DOFs, or result in performance degradation. For example, base station 105-a can send an indication to UE 115-a of the uplink and downlink subarrays to be used, which operate according to a similar DOF.

[0095] Despite Figure 2 The method uses UE 115-a (e.g., a first device or a first wireless device) and base station 105-a (e.g., a second device or a second wireless device) to illustrate communication of an asymmetric DOF indication for bidirectional communication; however, the described method can be used for communication between different types of devices. For example, an indication of asymmetric DOF can be transmitted between any first device and any second device to support bidirectional communication between the first and second devices. In some implementations, the first and second devices may include base station 105 (e.g., gNB), UE 115, Customer Premises Equipment (CPE), TRP, relay node, sidelink node, repeater IAB node, or a combination thereof.

[0096] Figure 3 An example of a wireless communication device 300 with multiple antenna arrays supporting indication of asymmetric DOF for bidirectional communication is shown. In some examples, the wireless communication device 300 with multiple antenna arrays can implement aspects of wireless communication systems 100 and 200. In this example, the wireless communication device may be UE 115-b, but in other cases, the wireless communication device may be different devices such as base station 105, CPE, TRP, relay device, sidelink node, router, repeater (e.g., smart repeater or dumb repeater), or IAB node.

[0097] In this example, UE 115-b includes multiple different antenna modules, including a first antenna module 305, a second antenna module 310, and a third antenna module 315. Each of antenna modules 305, 310, and 315 may include multiple subarrays 320 of antenna elements. Figure 3 One example depicted, in FR2 (e.g., 24.25 to 52.6 GHz), the antenna module of UE 115-b may include a 4x1 antenna patch subarray (e.g., four (4) antenna elements 325 in a single row). Alternatively or alternatively, although not Figure 3 The examples described herein, however, in FR4 (e.g., above 52.6 GHz), the antenna module may include an 8x2 antenna patch subarray (e.g., eight (8) antenna elements 325 in two (2) rows, totaling 16 antenna elements) for operation at 60 GHz, a 16x4 antenna patch subarray (e.g., 16 antenna elements 325 in four (4) rows, totaling 64 antenna elements) for operation at 110 GHz, or a different configuration with a greater number of antenna elements 325 than found for FR2.

[0098] As shown in this example, the first antenna module 305 may include four subarrays 320, including a first subarray 320-a, a second subarray 320-b, a third subarray 320-c, and a fourth subarray 320-d (e.g., the four subarrays may be considered as a converged antenna panel or a converged patch subarray). Each subarray 320 in this example may include 16 individual antenna elements 325 arranged in an array configuration using a 4x4 antenna patch subarray (e.g., such that the converged antenna panel or converged patch subarray includes 16x4 antenna elements 325 in a 16x4 antenna patch subarray). In some cases, each antenna element 325 may be a patch antenna element configured to communicate in a high-frequency band mmW deployment. In some examples, the spacing of the antenna elements 325 within each subarray 320 may be configured to provide efficient analog beamforming at wavelengths associated with high-frequency band mmW communication (e.g., in FR4). Furthermore, in this example, each subarray 320 may include an associated radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) 330.

[0099] exist Figure 3In the example, the second antenna module 310 may also include multiple subarrays 335, including a first subarray 335-a and a second subarray 335-b. In this example, the first subarray 335-a includes eight antenna elements arranged in an antenna configuration using a 4x2 antenna patch subarray, and the second subarray 335-b includes four antenna elements arranged in an antenna configuration using a 4x1 antenna patch subarray. In this case, a single RFIC (RFIC5) 340 may be coupled to the subarrays 335, but multiple RFICs may be used or the RFIC may be shared with one or more other antenna modules in antenna modules 305, 310, or 315. Although antenna module 310 is shown as multiple subarrays 335 of different sizes, other examples may have the same number of subarrays 335, where each subarray has the same size (e.g., similar to the four 4x4 antenna patch subarrays shown in the first antenna module 305). The techniques discussed herein can be applied to any number of antenna modules 305, 310, or 315, any number of subarrays included in each antenna module, any number of antennas in each subarray, or any combination thereof.

[0100] As discussed herein, wireless devices can use multiple RFICs 330 and associated antenna subarrays 320 at different times. For example, in Figure 3 In the case where the wireless device is UE 115-b, it may be desirable to operate using a subset of antenna modules 305, 310, or 315, a subset of antenna subarrays 320 and associated RFIC 330, a subset of antenna elements 325 within one or more subarrays 320, or any combination thereof. For example, such operation may allow UE 115-b to manage power consumption to reduce the power used by the RF components. In other cases, in addition to or alternative to power consumption considerations, UE 115-b may determine one or more MPE limits, one or more thermal limits, or a combination thereof that makes it desirable to use certain groups of antenna elements 325 from one or more subarrays 320. Therefore, even if a relatively large number of antenna elements 325 are available at UE 115-b, not all elements are available at any given time.

[0101] For example, UE 115-b can have a total of N antenna elements 325 across each of the different antenna modules 305, 310, or 315, and can select K antenna elements for communication, which leads to N C KThis presents several possibilities, which could lead to a relatively large number of combinations of different antenna elements 325. Therefore, in some cases, the UE 115-b can select a relatively small list of antenna groups that are useful at a given time (e.g., based on power consumption, MPE considerations, or thermal considerations). The UE 115-b can provide an indication of the selected antenna group to a second device (e.g., a base station), and can establish communication using one of the indicated antenna groups.

[0102] Additionally, for certain lower frequency ranges (e.g., FR2 (such as 24.25 to 52.6 GHz) or lower frequency ranges), uplink-downlink beam correspondence is assumed. That is, beams used for downlink communication (with modulus taken from the same calibration variations for both uplink and downlink) can be reused for uplink communication, so the same or similar beam weights can be used for both downlink and uplink communication at different antenna elements 325 of UE 115-b. Furthermore, beam correspondence can also assume some tolerance for beam peak differences in the uplink and downlink.

[0103] For FR4 (e.g., higher mmW bands or systems above 52.6 GHz), the antenna assemblies (e.g., antenna elements 325 or subarrays 320) used for downlink communication and those used for uplink communication may differ (e.g., significantly different, such that the antenna elements are on different antenna modules, RFICs 330, etc.). For example, the array, subarray 320, or antenna element 325 used for uplink communication may be the same as or different from the array, subarray 320, or antenna element 325 used for downlink communication on the same or different panels or modules.

[0104] In other words, some subarrays 320 used for uplink communication (e.g., uplink subarrays) may be on the same module / panel as subarrays 320 used for downlink communication (e.g., pointing in the same direction), or some subarrays 320 used for uplink communication may be on different modules / panels or may be on the same module / panel as subarrays 320 used for downlink communication but pointing in different directions (e.g., relative to subarrays 320 used for downlink communication). Therefore, in these scenarios, beams learned using beam training (e.g., P-1-2-3 beam training) for arrays, subarrays 320, or antenna elements 325 used for downlink communication may be useless for uplink transmission (e.g., for identifying or refining the beams of arrays, subarrays 320, or antenna elements 325 used for uplink communication).

[0105] In some examples, different antenna sets may be used for power, performance, RF / architectural, or a combination thereof. For example, based on the fact that downlink communication is less power-intensive than uplink communication, a greater number of antenna elements 325 may be used for downlink communication (e.g., eight (8) antenna elements 325 for downlink communication instead of two (2) to four (4) antenna elements 325 for uplink communication). Thus, a smaller number of antenna elements 325 may be used for uplink communication to use less overall power, since uplink communication may consume more power (e.g., based on transmission requirements that require more power than receiving communication on only a higher number of antenna elements 325 used for downlink communication). Additionally, the antenna element 325 used for downlink communication can be considered to use less power (e.g., less power consumption), while the antenna element 325 used for uplink communication can use more power (e.g., unlike receiving on the downlink, which typically utilizes a lower power low-noise amplifier, transmitting on the uplink typically utilizes a higher power amplifier, thereby increasing the power consumption of UE 115-b for uplink communication).

[0106] Therefore, this asymmetry (e.g., using different antenna elements 325 for uplink and downlink communication) may potentially disrupt uplink-downlink beam correspondence at UE 115-b (e.g., beam correspondence can be supported if the same antenna element 325 is used for both uplink and downlink communication). For example, any change in the antenna set or beam weights applied to downlink communication may not apply to the antenna set for uplink communication. Additionally or alternatively, the asymmetry of different antenna elements 325 used for uplink and downlink communication may result in different DOFs for the corresponding transmission directions (e.g., a first DOF for uplink communication and a second DOF for downlink communication).

[0107] As described herein, UE 115-b can transmit indications for a first DOF (Direction of Flight) for a first transmission direction (e.g., for uplink communication), a second DOF (Direction of Flight) for a second transmission direction (e.g., for downlink communication), or both. UE 115-b can communicate with a second device (e.g., base station 105, second UE 115, CPE, TRP, relay node, sidelink node, repeater, IAB node) on the first DOF in the first transmission direction, on the second DOF in the second transmission direction, or both. For example, UE 115-b can communicate with the second device on the first DOF in the first transmission direction using a first antenna element set 325 or a first RF chain, or it can communicate with the second device on the second DOF in the second transmission direction using a second antenna element set 325 or a second RF chain, or both. In some implementations, after sending an indication of the first DOF, the second DOF, or both, the second device may adjust one or more transmission parameters (e.g., codebook parameters, antenna subarrays used by the UE 115-b, or different parameters) for the UE 115-b to use in one or two transmission directions based on the first DOF, the second DOF, or both, and the second device may indicate these transmission parameters to the UE 115-b for the UE 115-b to use in subsequent communications.

[0108] Figure 4 An example of an antenna configuration 400 supporting indication of asymmetric DOF for bidirectional communication is shown. Antenna configuration 400 can implement various aspects of wireless communication systems 100 and 200. For example, antenna configuration 400 can support communication between a first device (e.g., UE 115) and a second device (e.g., base station 105). Antenna configuration 400 can be a reference. Figure 3 This is a portion of the described antenna module. In some examples, antenna configuration 400 may include a first subarray 405-a and a second subarray 405-b. Additionally, each of subarrays 405-a and 405-b may include one or more antenna elements 410 for transmitting and receiving wireless signals. For example, as shown, each subarray 405 may include 32 antenna elements 410.

[0109] In some implementations (e.g., in FR4 (such as the 57–71 GHz band)), the first device can use different subarrays for uplink and downlink transmissions. In some examples, the subarrays can be in the same module (e.g., an antenna module). In other cases, the subarrays used can be in different modules. For example, the first device can use 64 antenna elements 410 of the first subarray 405-a and the second subarray 405-b for downlink transmission, and can use the first subarray 415-a and the second subarray 415-b (e.g., with different numbers of antenna elements 410) for uplink transmission, and subarray 405 can be located in the same module as subarray 415 or in a different module. In some examples, antenna elements 410 can have low-noise amplifiers (LNAs) covering the 57–71 GHz band. Alternatively or additionally, the first subarray 415-a can contain antenna elements covering the 57–64 GHz band, while the second subarray 415-b can contain antenna elements covering the 64–71 GHz band. In some examples, the module may contain an inactive antenna element set 420. For example, the first device may determine that a beam constructed using one or more antenna elements from the inactive antenna element set 420 is blocked, and may determine that the inactive antenna element set 420 is not used for either uplink or downlink transmission.

[0110] In this example, fewer active antenna elements can be used to cover the uplink transmission compared to the downlink transmission. In some examples, the first device may determine not to use inactive antenna elements for uplink transmission based on MPE requirements. For example, the first device may determine that the transmission strength level (e.g., power strength) cannot exceed a level of MPE considered safe. Because the strength of the uplink transmission at the first device is regulated by compliance requirements (e.g., a high strength transmission from the first device can reach a second device with a strong signal), the first device may determine to use a portion of the first subarray 415-a and a portion of the subarray 415-b to reduce the uplink transmission strength. Additionally, the first device may determine not to use inactive antenna elements based on cost trade-offs associated with certain RF components that preclude their use on some components (e.g., weak received signals from antenna elements, obstacles between antenna elements and receivers, or similar scenarios).

[0111] In some examples, the DOF of a subarray may depend on the spacing between its elements. For instance, the DOF of a node or device can also be described as a measure of the frequency at which it captures a frequency equal to the spacing between elements on an operating antenna array or panel. For example, for a wavelength λ, the spacing between elements could be d = λ / 2, and the corresponding DOF could be equal to c / λ = c / 2d, where c is the speed of light. Therefore, an antenna panel of a device can have a DOF based on the spacing between elements in the antenna panel's design or configuration, and the device can adjust or customize the DOF of the antenna panel based on the configuration or tuning of the RF chain coupled to the antenna array or panel.

[0112] When devices use the same or similar DOFs, the first and second devices may experience a greater likelihood of successful communication. Therefore, the first device can send an indication to the second device of its DOF ​​for uplink and downlink transmissions, allowing the device to make determinations based on the DOF to improve wireless communication.

[0113] Figure 5 An example of a process flow 500 supporting asymmetric DOF indication for bidirectional communication is shown. In some examples, process flow 500 may be implemented by aspects of wireless communication systems 100 and 200. Process flow 500 may involve one or more actions performed by a first device 505 (e.g., a first wireless device) and a second device 510 (e.g., a second wireless device), which may be as described in reference... Figure 1-4 Examples of base station 105, UE 115, CPE, TRP, relay node, sidelink node, repeater, IAB node, or combinations thereof are described. Process flow 500 may also involve one or more additional devices (not shown). Alternative examples are possible, some of which may be performed in a different order than described or may not be performed at all. In some examples, steps may include additional features not mentioned below, or additional steps may be added.

[0114] At point 515, the first device 505 may send to the second device 510 an indication of a first DOF for communication with the second device 510 in a first transmission direction, a second DOF for communication with the second device 510 in a second transmission direction, or both. In some examples, the first DOF may be different from the second DOF. In some other examples, the first DOF may be the same as the second DOF.

[0115] At 520, in response to an indication of a first DOF, a second DOF, or both, the second device 510 may send to the first device 505 an indication of a first codebook parameter for communication in a first transmission direction, a second codebook parameter for communication in a second transmission direction, or both, where the first codebook parameter corresponds to the first DOF and the second codebook parameter corresponds to the second DOF. In some examples, the first and second codebook parameters may be selected or otherwise determined based on a threshold satisfied by the difference between the first and second DOFs.

[0116] At 525, in response to an indication of a first DOF, a second DOF, or both, the second device 510 may send to the first device 505 an indication of a first antenna subarray for communication in a first transmission direction, a second antenna subarray for communication in a second transmission direction, or both, where the first antenna subarray corresponds to the first DOF and the second antenna subarray corresponds to the second DOF. In some examples, the first and second antenna subarrays may be selected or otherwise determined based on a threshold satisfied by the difference between the first and second DOFs.

[0117] At 530, the first device 505 may communicate with the second device 510 in a first transmission direction on a first DOF, a second transmission direction on a second DOF, or both. In some examples, communication between the first device 505 and the second device 510 may occur based on indications of codebook parameters, antenna subarrays, or both. Alternatively or additionally, the first device 505 may communicate with the second device 510 using a first antenna element set in the first transmission direction on the first DOF, using a second antenna element set in the second transmission direction on the second DOF, or both. In such examples, indications of the first DOF, the second DOF, or both include indications of the first antenna element set and the second antenna element set. In some examples, the first antenna element set and the second antenna element set may at least partially overlap on the same antenna panel, the first antenna element set may be located on the first antenna panel and the second antenna element set may be located on a second antenna panel different from the first antenna panel, or a combination thereof.

[0118] Alternatively, the first device 505 may communicate with the second device 510 using a first RF chain on a first DOF in a first transmission direction, using a second RF chain on a second DOF in a second transmission direction, or both. In such an example, the first RF chain may correspond to the first DOF, and the second RF chain may correspond to the second DOF.

[0119] In some examples, the second device 510 may communicate with the first device 505 based on a beam-based correspondence relationship between communication in the first transmission direction and communication in the second transmission direction. For example, the beam-based correspondence relationship may be identified, selected, or otherwise determined based on one or more of the following: the first DOF is the same as the second DOF; a first resource allocation is used for communication in the first transmission direction; or a second resource allocation is used for communication in the second transmission direction (e.g., if the frequencies used for the first and second resource allocations are closely matched). Alternatively or additionally, the second device 510 may communicate with the first device 505 using a first antenna panel on the first DOF in the first transmission direction, a second antenna panel on the second DOF in the second transmission direction, or both. For example, the first antenna panel may correspond to the first DOF, and the second antenna panel may correspond to the second DOF.

[0120] Figure 6 A diagram of a system 600 including device 605 supporting indications for asymmetric DOF for bidirectional communication is shown. Device 605 may be an example of device 605, device 705, or UE 115 as described herein, or include components thereof. Device 605 may wirelessly communicate with one or more base stations 105, UE 115, or any combination thereof. Device 605 may include components for bidirectional voice and data communication, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as DOF-based communication component 620, input / output (I / O) controller 610, transceiver 615, antenna 625, memory 630, code 635, and processor 640. These components may be electronically communicated or otherwise coupled via one or more buses (e.g., bus 645).

[0121] I / O controller 610 can manage input and output signals for device 605. I / O controller 610 can also manage peripheral devices not integrated into device 605. In some examples, I / O controller 610 can represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some examples, I / O controller 610 can utilize, for example... This can be an operating system such as I / O controller 610 or another known operating system. Alternatively, I / O controller 610 may represent or interact with a modem, keyboard, mouse, touchscreen, or similar device. In some examples, I / O controller 610 may be implemented as part of a processor (such as processor 640). In some examples, a user can interact with device 605 via I / O controller 610 or via hardware components controlled by I / O controller 610.

[0122] In some examples, device 605 may include a single antenna 625. However, in other cases, device 605 may have more than one antenna 625, which are capable of transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions simultaneously. Transceiver 615 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 625, wired or wireless links as described herein. For example, transceiver 615 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 615 may also include a modem for modulating packets, providing modulated packets to one or more antennas 625 for transmission, and demodulating packets received from one or more antennas 625. Transceiver 615, or transceiver 615 and one or more antennas 625, may be an example of a transmitter or receiver as described herein, or any combination thereof or components thereof.

[0123] Memory 630 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). Memory 630 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 635, which includes instructions that, when executed by processor 640, cause device 605 to perform the various functions described herein. Code 635 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or another type of memory. In some examples, code 635 may not be directly executable by processor 640, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some examples, in addition, memory 630 may also include a basic I / O system (BIOS) that controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0124] Processor 640 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), central processing units (CPUs), microcontrollers, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some examples, processor 640 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into processor 640. Processor 640 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., memory 630) to cause device 605 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting instructions for asymmetric DOFs used for bidirectional communication). For example, device 605 or components of device 605 may include processor 640 and memory 630 coupled to processor 640, processor 640 and memory 630 being configured to perform the various functions described herein.

[0125] Processor 640 may be any one or more suitable processors capable of executing scripts or instructions of one or more software programs stored in device 605 (e.g., within memory 630). For example, processor 640 may execute frame forming and switching software modules to facilitate the creation and switching of frames, such as management frames, control frames, and data frames. Processor 640 may also execute band switching software modules to facilitate the association of device 605 between additional devices, or to facilitate the operation of switching device 605 between different frequency bands, or both.

[0126] In some implementations, processor 640 and I / O controller 610 may be components of a processing system. A processing system can generally refer to a system or a series of machines or components that receive input and process it to produce a set of outputs (which can be passed to other systems or components, such as device 605). For example, the processing system of device 605 may refer to a system that includes various other components or sub-components of device 605.

[0127] The processing system of device 605 can interface with other components of device 605 and can process information (such as inputs or signals) received from other components, output information to other components, or both. For example, the chip or modem of device 605 may include a processing system, a first interface for receiving or acquiring information, and a second interface for outputting, transmitting, or providing information. In some examples, the first interface may refer to the interface between the processing system of the chip or modem and a receiver, allowing device 605 to receive information or signal input and to pass information to the processing system. In some examples, the second interface may refer to the interface between the processing system of the chip or modem and a transmitter, allowing device 605 to transmit information output from the chip or modem. Those skilled in the art will readily recognize that the second interface can also acquire or receive information or signal input, and the first interface can also output, transmit, or provide information.

[0128] The DOF-based communication component 620 can support wireless communication. The DOF-based communication component 620 can be configured or otherwise support elements for transmitting instructions via a first wireless device regarding a first DOF for communication with a second wireless device in a first transmission direction, a second DOF for communication with the second wireless device in a second transmission direction, or both. Additionally, the DOF-based communication component 620 can be configured or otherwise support elements for communicating with a second wireless device on a first DOF in the first transmission direction, on a second DOF in the second transmission direction, or both. In some examples, the first DOF may be different from the second DOF. Alternatively, the first DOF may be the same as the second DOF.

[0129] In some examples, the DOF-based communication component 620 may be configured or otherwise supported to receive an indication of a first codebook parameter for communication in a first transmission direction, a second codebook parameter for communication in a second transmission direction, or both, in response to an indication of a first DOF, a second DOF, or both, wherein communication with the second wireless device is based on receiving the indication of the first codebook parameter, the second codebook parameter, or both.

[0130] Alternatively or concurrently, the DOF-based communication component 620 may be configured or otherwise supported to receive, in response to an indication of a first antenna subarray for communication in a first transmission direction, a second antenna subarray for communication in a second transmission direction, or both, wherein communication with the second wireless device is based on receiving an indication of the first antenna subarray, the second antenna subarray, or both.

[0131] In some examples, to support communication with a second wireless device, the DOF-based communication component 620 may be configured or otherwise support units for communicating with the second wireless device using a first antenna element set on a first DOF in a first transmission direction, using a second antenna element set on a second DOF in a second transmission direction, or both, wherein indication of the first DOF, the second DOF, or both includes indication of the first antenna element set and the second antenna element set. In some examples, the first antenna element set and the second antenna element set may at least partially overlap on the same antenna panel, the first antenna element set may be located on the first antenna panel and the second antenna element set may be located on a second antenna panel different from the first antenna panel, or a combination thereof.

[0132] In some examples, in order to support communication with a second wireless device, the DOF-based communication component 620 may be configured or otherwise support a unit for communicating with a second wireless device using a first RF chain on a first DOF in a first transmission direction, using a second RF chain on a second DOF in a second transmission direction, or both, wherein the first RF chain corresponds to the first DOF and the second RF chain corresponds to the second DOF.

[0133] Alternatively or concurrently, the communication manager 820 may support additional wireless communications. For example, the DOF-based communication component 620 may be configured or otherwise supported to support units for receiving indications of a first DOF for communication with the first wireless device in a first transmission direction, a second DOF for communication with the first wireless device in a second transmission direction, or both. Additionally, the DOF-based communication component 620 may be configured or otherwise supported to support units for communicating with the first wireless device based on one or more transmission parameters corresponding to the first DOF, the second DOF, or both. In some examples, the first DOF and the second DOF are different. Alternatively or concurrently, the first DOF and the second DOF are the same.

[0134] In some examples, the DOF-based communication component 620 may be configured or otherwise support elements for sending to a first wireless device an indication of a first codebook parameter for communication in a first transmission direction, a second codebook parameter for communication in a second transmission direction, or both, wherein the first codebook parameter corresponds to a first DOF and the second codebook parameter corresponds to a second DOF, wherein the first codebook parameter and the second codebook parameter are determined based on the difference between the first DOF and the second DOF satisfying a threshold.

[0135] Alternatively, the DOF-based communication component 620 may be configured or otherwise support elements for transmitting to a first wireless device an indication of a first antenna subarray for communication by the first wireless device in a first transmission direction, a second antenna subarray for communication by the first wireless device in a second transmission direction, or both, the first antenna subarray corresponding to a first DOF and the second antenna subarray corresponding to a second DOF, wherein the first and second antenna subarrays are determined based on the difference between the first and second DOFs satisfying a threshold.

[0136] In some examples, in order to support communication with a first wireless device, the DOF-based communication component 620 may be configured or otherwise support a unit for communicating with the first wireless device based on a beam correspondence relationship between communication in a first transmission direction and communication in a second transmission direction, wherein the beam correspondence relationship is determined based on one or more of the following: the first DOF is the same as the second DOF, a first resource allocation for communication in the first transmission direction, or a second resource allocation for communication in the second transmission direction.

[0137] Alternatively, in order to support communication with the first wireless device, the DOF-based communication component 620 may be configured or otherwise support a unit for communicating with the first wireless device using a first antenna panel on a first DOF in a first transmission direction, using a second antenna panel on a second DOF in a second transmission direction, or both, where the first antenna panel corresponds to the first DOF and the second antenna panel corresponds to the second DOF.

[0138] In some examples, the DOF-based communication component 620 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using or in cooperation with transceiver 615, one or more antennas 625, or any combination thereof. Although the DOF-based communication component 620 is shown as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the DOF-based communication component 620 may be supported or executed by processor 640, memory 630, code 635, or any combination thereof. For example, code 635 may include instructions executable by processor 640 to cause device 605 to perform various aspects of the indication of asymmetric DOF for bidirectional communication as described herein, or processor 640 and memory 630 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations.

[0139] Figure 7 A diagram of a system 700 including device 705 supporting indications for asymmetric DOF for bidirectional communication is shown. Device 705 may be an example of device 605, device 705, or base station 105 as described herein, or include components thereof. Device 705 may wirelessly communicate with one or more base stations 105, UE 115, or any combination thereof. Device 705 may include components for bidirectional voice and data communication, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as DOF-based communication component 720, network communication manager 710, transceiver 715, antenna 725, memory 730, code 735, processor 740, and inter-station communication manager 745. These components may be electronically communicated or otherwise coupled via one or more buses (e.g., bus 750).

[0140] The network communication manager 710 can manage communication with the core network 130 (e.g., via one or more wired backhaul links). For example, the network communication manager 710 can manage the transmission of data communication to client devices (e.g., one or more UEs 115).

[0141] In some examples, device 705 may include a single antenna 725. However, in other cases, device 705 may have more than one antenna 725, which are capable of transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions simultaneously. Transceiver 715 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 725, wired or wireless links as described herein. For example, transceiver 715 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 715 may also include a modem for modulating packets, providing modulated packets to one or more antennas 725 for transmission, and demodulating packets received from one or more antennas 725. Transceiver 715, or transceiver 715 and one or more antennas 725, may be examples of a transmitter, receiver, or any combination thereof or components thereof as described herein.

[0142] Memory 730 may include RAM and ROM. Memory 730 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 735, which includes instructions that, when executed by processor 740, cause device 705 to perform the various functions described herein. Code 735 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or another type of memory. In some examples, code 735 may not be directly executable by processor 740, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, in addition, memory 730 may also contain a BIOS, which controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0143] Processor 740 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, CPUs, microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some examples, processor 740 may be configured to use a memory controller to operate a memory array. In other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into processor 740. Processor 740 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., memory 730) to cause device 705 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting instructions for asymmetric DOFs used for bidirectional communication). For example, device 705 or components of device 705 may include processor 740 and memory 730 coupled to processor 740, processor 740 and memory 730 being configured to perform the various functions described herein.

[0144] Processor 740 may be any one or more suitable processors capable of executing scripts or instructions of one or more software programs stored in device 705 (e.g., within memory 730). For example, processor 740 may execute frame forming and switching software modules to facilitate the creation and switching of frames, such as management frames, control frames, and data frames. Processor 740 may also execute band switching software modules to facilitate the association of device 705 between additional devices, or to facilitate the operation of switching device 705 between different frequency bands, or both.

[0145] In some implementations, processor 740 and network communication manager 710 may be components of a processing system. A processing system can generally refer to a system or a series of machines or components that receive input and process it to produce a set of outputs (which can be passed to other systems or components, such as device 705). For example, the processing system of device 705 may refer to a system that includes various other components or sub-components of device 705.

[0146] The processing system of device 705 can interface with other components of device 705 and can process information (such as inputs or signals) received from other components, output information to other components, or both. For example, the chip or modem of device 705 may include a processing system, a first interface for receiving or acquiring information, and a second interface for outputting, transmitting, or providing information. In some examples, the first interface may refer to the interface between the processing system of the chip or modem and a receiver, allowing device 705 to receive information or signal input and to pass information to the processing system. In some examples, the second interface may refer to the interface between the processing system of the chip or modem and a transmitter, allowing device 705 to transmit information output from the chip or modem. Those skilled in the art will readily recognize that the second interface can also acquire or receive information or signal input, and the first interface can also output, transmit, or provide information.

[0147] The DOF-based communication component 720 can support wireless communication. The DOF-based communication component 720 can be configured or otherwise supports elements for transmitting instructions via a first wireless device regarding a first DOF for communication with a second wireless device in a first transmission direction, a second DOF for communication with the second wireless device in a second transmission direction, or both. Additionally, the DOF-based communication component 720 can be configured or otherwise supports elements for communicating with a second wireless device on a first DOF in the first transmission direction, on a second DOF in the second transmission direction, or both. In some examples, the first DOF may be different from the second DOF. Alternatively, the first DOF may be the same as the second DOF.

[0148] In some examples, the DOF-based communication component 720 may be configured or otherwise supported to receive an indication of a first codebook parameter for communication in a first transmission direction, a second codebook parameter for communication in a second transmission direction, or both, in response to an indication of a first DOF, a second DOF, or both, wherein communication with the second wireless device is based on receiving the indication of the first codebook parameter, the second codebook parameter, or both.

[0149] Alternatively or concurrently, the DOF-based communication component 720 may be configured or otherwise supported to receive, in response to an indication of a first antenna subarray for communication in a first transmission direction, a second antenna subarray for communication in a second transmission direction, or both, wherein communication with the second wireless device is based on receiving an indication of the first antenna subarray, the second antenna subarray, or both.

[0150] In some examples, to support communication with a second wireless device, the DOF-based communication component 720 may be configured or otherwise support units for communicating with the second wireless device using a first antenna element set on a first DOF in a first transmission direction, using a second antenna element set on a second DOF in a second transmission direction, or both, wherein indication of the first DOF, the second DOF, or both includes indication of the first antenna element set and the second antenna element set. In some examples, the first antenna element set and the second antenna element set may at least partially overlap on the same antenna panel, the first antenna element set may be located on the first antenna panel and the second antenna element set may be located on a second antenna panel different from the first antenna panel, or a combination thereof.

[0151] In some examples, in order to support communication with a second wireless device, the DOF-based communication component 720 may be configured or otherwise support a unit for communicating with a second wireless device using a first RF chain on a first DOF in a first transmission direction, using a second RF chain on a second DOF in a second transmission direction, or both, wherein the first RF chain corresponds to the first DOF and the second RF chain corresponds to the second DOF.

[0152] Alternatively or concurrently, the communication manager 820 may support additional wireless communications. For example, the DOF-based communication component 720 may be configured or otherwise supported to support units for receiving indications of a first DOF for communication with the first wireless device in a first transmission direction, a second DOF for communication with the first wireless device in a second transmission direction, or both. Additionally, the DOF-based communication component 720 may be configured or otherwise supported to support units for communicating with the first wireless device based on one or more transmission parameters corresponding to the first DOF, the second DOF, or both. In some examples, the first DOF and the second DOF are different. Alternatively or concurrently, the first DOF and the second DOF are the same.

[0153] In some examples, the DOF-based communication component 720 may be configured or otherwise support elements for sending to a first wireless device an indication of a first codebook parameter for communication in a first transmission direction, a second codebook parameter for communication in a second transmission direction, or both, wherein the first codebook parameter corresponds to a first DOF and the second codebook parameter corresponds to a second DOF, wherein the first codebook parameter and the second codebook parameter are determined based on the difference between the first DOF and the second DOF satisfying a threshold.

[0154] Alternatively, the DOF-based communication component 720 may be configured or otherwise support elements for transmitting to a first wireless device an indication of a first antenna subarray for communication by the first wireless device in a first transmission direction, a second antenna subarray for communication by the first wireless device in a second transmission direction, or both, the first antenna subarray corresponding to a first DOF and the second antenna subarray corresponding to a second DOF, wherein the first and second antenna subarrays are determined based on the difference between the first and second DOFs satisfying a threshold.

[0155] In some examples, in order to support communication with a first wireless device, the DOF-based communication component 720 may be configured or otherwise support a unit for communicating with the first wireless device based on a beam correspondence relationship between communication in a first transmission direction and communication in a second transmission direction, wherein the beam correspondence relationship is determined based on one or more of the following: the first DOF is the same as the second DOF, a first resource allocation for communication in the first transmission direction, or a second resource allocation for communication in the second transmission direction.

[0156] Alternatively, in order to support communication with the first wireless device, the DOF-based communication component 720 may be configured or otherwise support a unit for communicating with the first wireless device using a first antenna panel on a first DOF in a first transmission direction, using a second antenna panel on a second DOF in a second transmission direction, or both, where the first antenna panel corresponds to the first DOF and the second antenna panel corresponds to the second DOF.

[0157] Inter-site communication manager 745 can manage communication with other base stations 105 and may include a controller or scheduler for cooperating with other base stations 105 to control communication with UE 115. For example, inter-site communication manager 745 can coordinate the scheduling of transmissions to UE 115 to implement various interference mitigation techniques such as beamforming or joint transmission. In some examples, inter-site communication manager 745 may provide an X2 interface within LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to facilitate communication between base stations 105.

[0158] In some examples, the DOF-based communication component 720 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using or in cooperation with transceiver 715, one or more antennas 725, or any combination thereof. Although the DOF-based communication component 720 is shown as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the DOF-based communication component 720 may be supported or executed by processor 740, memory 730, code 735, or any combination thereof. For example, code 735 may include instructions executable by processor 740 to cause device 705 to perform various aspects of the indication of asymmetric DOF for bidirectional communication as described herein, or processor 740 and memory 730 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations.

[0159] Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating method 800, which provides instructions for asymmetric DOF used in bidirectional communication, is shown. Operation of method 800 can be implemented by a UE or base station or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 800 can be implemented by, as referenced... Figure 1-7 The UE 115 or base station 105 described herein shall perform the functions. In some examples, the UE or base station may execute a set of instructions to control the functional units of the UE or base station to perform the described functions. Alternatively, the UE or base station may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0160] At 805, the method may include: the first wireless device sending an indication for a first DOF (Direction of Flight) for communication with the second wireless device in a first transmission direction, a second DOF for communication with the second wireless device in a second transmission direction, or both. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 805 may be determined by reference to... Figure 6 and 7 The DOF-based communication component 620 or 720 is described to perform this.

[0161] At 810, the method may include: communicating with a second wireless device on a first DOF in a first transmission direction, on a second DOF in a second transmission direction, or both. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 805 may be derived from, as referenced... Figure 6 and 7 The DOF-based communication component 620 or 720 is described to perform this.

[0162] Figure 9 A flowchart illustrating method 900, which provides instructions for asymmetric DOF used in bidirectional communication, is shown. Operation of method 900 can be implemented by a UE or base station or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 900 can be implemented by, as referenced... Figure 1-7 The UE 115 or base station 105 described herein shall perform the functions. In some examples, the UE or base station may execute a set of instructions to control the functional units of the UE or base station to perform the described functions. Alternatively, the UE or base station may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0163] At 905, the method may include: receiving an indication of a first DOF for communication with the first wireless device in a first transmission direction, a second DOF for communication with the first wireless device in a second transmission direction, or both. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 905 may be determined by reference to... Figure 6 and 7 The DOF-based communication component 620 or 720 is described to perform this.

[0164] At 910, the method may include communicating with a first wireless device based on one or more transmission parameters corresponding to a first DOF, a second DOF, or both. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 905 may be determined by reference to... Figure 6 and 7 The DOF-based communication component 620 or 720 is described to perform this.

[0165] The following provides a summary of some aspects of this disclosure:

[0166] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication, comprising: sending an instruction from a first wireless device for: a first default operating frequency for communication with a second wireless device in a first transmission direction, a second default operating frequency for communication with the second wireless device in a second transmission direction, or both; and communicating with the second wireless device in the first transmission direction at the first default operating frequency, in the second transmission direction at the second default operating frequency, or both.

[0167] Aspect 2: The method according to aspect 1 further includes: in response to an indication of the first default operating frequency, the second default operating frequency, or both, receiving an indication of a first codebook parameter to be used for communication in the first transmission direction, a second codebook parameter to be used for communication in the second transmission direction, or both, wherein the communication with the second wireless device is at least partially based on receiving the indication of the first codebook parameter, the second codebook parameter, or both.

[0168] Aspect 3: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 2 further includes: receiving, in response to an indication of the first default operating frequency, the second default operating frequency, or both, an indication of a first antenna subarray for communication in the first transmission direction, a second antenna subarray for communication in the second transmission direction, or both, wherein the communication with the second wireless device is at least in part based on receiving the indication of the first codebook parameter, the second codebook parameter, or both.

[0169] Aspect 4: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 3, wherein communicating with the second wireless device comprises: communicating with the second wireless device using a first set of antenna elements on the first default operating frequency in the first transmission direction, using a second set of antenna elements on the second default operating frequency in the second transmission direction, or both, wherein the indication of the first default operating frequency, the second default operating frequency, or both comprises the indication of the first set of antenna elements and the second set of antenna elements.

[0170] Aspect 5: The method according to aspect 4, wherein the first antenna element set and the second antenna element set at least partially overlap on the same antenna panel, the first antenna element set being located on a first antenna panel and the second antenna element set being located on a second antenna panel different from the first antenna panel, or a combination thereof.

[0171] Aspect 6: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 5, wherein communicating with the second wireless device comprises: communicating with the second wireless device using a first radio frequency (RF) chain at the first default operating frequency in the first transmission direction, using a second RF chain at the second default operating frequency in the second transmission direction, or both, wherein the first RF chain corresponds to the first default operating frequency, and the second RF chain corresponds to the second default operating frequency.

[0172] Aspect 7: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 6, wherein the first default operating frequency is different from the second default operating frequency.

[0173] Aspect 8: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 6, wherein the first default operating frequency is the same as the second default operating frequency.

[0174] Aspect 9: A method for wireless communication, comprising: receiving an instruction for: a first default operating frequency for communication with a first wireless device in a first transmission direction, a second default operating frequency for communication with the first wireless device in a second transmission direction, or both; and communicating with the first wireless device according to one or more transmission parameters corresponding to the first default operating frequency, the second default operating frequency, or both.

[0175] Aspect 10: The method according to aspect 9 further includes: sending to the first wireless device an indication of a first codebook parameter for communication in the first transmission direction, a second codebook parameter for communication in the second transmission direction, or both, the first codebook parameter corresponding to the first default operating frequency, and the second codebook parameter corresponding to the second default operating frequency, wherein the first codebook parameter and the second codebook parameter are determined at least in part based on the difference between the first default operating frequency and the second default operating frequency satisfying a threshold.

[0176] Aspect 11: The method according to any one of Aspects 9 to 10 further includes: sending to the first wireless device an indication of a first antenna subarray for communication by the first wireless device in the first transmission direction, a second antenna subarray for communication by the first wireless device in the second transmission direction, or both, the first antenna subarray corresponding to the first default operating frequency, and the second antenna subarray corresponding to the second default operating frequency, wherein the first antenna subarray and the second antenna subarray are determined at least in part based on the difference between the first default operating frequency and the second default operating frequency satisfying a threshold.

[0177] Aspect 12: The method according to any one of Aspects 9 to 11, wherein communicating with the first wireless device comprises: communicating with the first wireless device based on a beam correspondence relationship between communication in the first transmission direction and communication in the second transmission direction, wherein the beam correspondence relationship is determined at least in part based on one or more of the following: the first default operating frequency is the same as the second default operating frequency, a first resource allocation for communication in the first transmission direction, or a second resource allocation for communication in the second transmission direction.

[0178] Aspect 13: The method according to any one of Aspects 9 to 12, wherein communicating with the first wireless device comprises: communicating with the first wireless device using a first antenna panel on the first default operating frequency in the first transmission direction, using a second antenna panel on the second default operating frequency in the second transmission direction, or both, wherein the first antenna panel corresponds to the first default operating frequency and the second antenna panel corresponds to the second default operating frequency.

[0179] Aspect 14: The method according to any one of Aspects 9 to 13, wherein the first default operating frequency is different from the second default operating frequency.

[0180] Aspect 15: The method according to any one of Aspects 9 to 13, wherein the first default operating frequency is the same as the second default operating frequency.

[0181] Aspect 16: An apparatus for wireless communication at a first wireless device, comprising at least a first interface and a second interface, the first interface and the second interface being configured to cause the apparatus to perform a method according to any one of aspects 1 to 8.

[0182] Aspect 17: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one unit for performing the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 8.

[0183] Aspect 18: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, said code including instructions executable by a processor to perform a method according to any one of aspects 1 to 8.

[0184] Aspect 19: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least a first interface and a second interface, the first interface and the second interface being configured to cause the apparatus to perform a method according to any one of aspects 9 to 15.

[0185] Aspect 20: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one unit for performing the method according to any one of aspects 9 to 15.

[0186] Aspect 21: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, said code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to any one of aspects 9 to 15.

[0187] As used in this article, the phrase “at least one of the items” refers to any combination of those items, including a single member. As an example, “at least one of a, b, or c” is intended to cover: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, and abc.

[0188] The various illustrative logics, logic blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithmic processes described herein can be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. The interchangeability of hardware and software has been demonstrated by the various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and processes described above, all centered around the functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the entire system.

[0189] Hardware and data processing apparatuses for implementing the various illustrative logics, logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the aspects disclosed herein can be implemented or executed using general-purpose single-chip or multi-chip processors, DSPs, ASICs, FPGAs, or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor can also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a DSP core, or any other such configuration. In some implementations, a particular process or method can be executed by circuitry specific to a given function.

[0190] In one or more aspects, the described functionality can be implemented in hardware, digital electronic circuits, computer software, firmware (including the structures disclosed in this specification and their structural equivalents), or any combination thereof. Implementation of the subject matter described in this specification can also be implemented as one or more computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium for execution by a data processing apparatus or for controlling the operation of a data processing apparatus; that is, one or more modules of computer program instructions.

[0191] If implemented in software, the functionality can be stored or transmitted as one or more instructions or code on or through a computer-readable medium. The processes of the methods or algorithms disclosed herein can be implemented in a processor-executable software module that may reside on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include both computer storage media and communication media, with communication media including any medium capable of transferring a computer program from one place to another. Storage media can be any available medium accessible to a computer. By way of example and not limitation, such computer-readable media can include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disc storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and is accessible to a computer. Furthermore, any connection may be appropriately referred to as a computer-readable medium. As used herein, disks and optical discs include compact optical discs (CDs), laser optical discs, optical discs, digital versatile optical discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs, wherein disks typically magnetically copy data, while optical discs optically copy data using lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0192] Various modifications to the implementations described in this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other implementations without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, these claims are not intended to be limited to the implementations shown herein, but rather to be consistent with the widest scope in accordance with this disclosure, the principles disclosed herein, and the novel features.

[0193] Additionally, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that the terms “upper” and “lower” are sometimes used to facilitate the description of the drawings and to indicate relative positions on a correctly oriented page corresponding to the orientation of the drawings, and may not reflect the correct orientation of any device as implemented.

[0194] Some features described in this specification in the context of a single implementation may also be implemented in combination in a single implementation. Conversely, individual features described in the context of a single implementation may also be implemented individually or in any suitable sub-combination in multiple implementations. Furthermore, although features may be described above as functioning in certain combinations and even initially claimed in this way, in some cases, one or more features from the claimed combination may be removed from that combination, and the claimed combination may involve sub-combinations or variations thereof.

[0195] Similarly, although operations are depicted in a specific order in the figures, this should not be construed as requiring such operations to be performed in the shown specific order or sequence, or performing all shown operations to achieve the desired result. Furthermore, the figures may schematically depict one or more exemplary processes in the form of flowchart diagrams. However, other operations not depicted may be incorporated into the schematically illustrated exemplary processes. For example, one or more additional operations may be performed before, after, simultaneously with, or between any of the illustrated operations. In some cases, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Moreover, the separation of the various system components in the implementations described above should not be construed as requiring such separation in all implementations, but rather should be understood as meaning that the described program components and systems can generally be integrated together in a single software product, or packaged into multiple software products. Additionally, other implementations are within the scope of the appended claims. In some examples, the actions recited in the claims may be performed in a different order, and the desired result may still be achieved.

Claims

1. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: At least one processor; as well as The memory includes instructions executable by the at least one processor to cause the device to perform the following operations: Output instructions for the following: A first default operating frequency for communication with a wireless device in a first transmission direction, wherein the first default operating frequency is associated with a first radio frequency chain and a first set of antenna elements of the device. A second default operating frequency for communication with the wireless device in a second transmission direction, wherein the second default operating frequency is associated with a second radio frequency chain and a second antenna element set of the device, or Both; and The output message is used to send to the wireless device using the first default operating frequency and the first antenna element set in the first transmission direction, using the second default operating frequency and the second antenna element set in the second transmission direction, or both.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The instructions can also be executed by the at least one processor to cause the device to perform the following operations: In response to an indication of a first default operating frequency, a second default operating frequency, or both, an indication of a first codebook parameter to be used for communication in the first transmission direction, a second codebook parameter to be used for communication in the second transmission direction, or both, is obtained, wherein the communication with the wireless device is at least in part based on receiving the indication of the first codebook parameter, the second codebook parameter, or both.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The instructions can also be executed by the at least one processor to cause the device to perform the following operations: In response to an indication of a first default operating frequency, a second default operating frequency, or both, an indication is obtained of a first antenna subarray to be used for communication in the first transmission direction, a second antenna subarray to be used for communication in the second transmission direction, or both, wherein the communication with the wireless device is at least in part based on receiving the indication of the first antenna subarray, the second antenna subarray, or both.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The indication of the first default operating frequency, the second default operating frequency, or both includes the indication of the first antenna element set and the second antenna element set.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein, The first antenna element set and the second antenna element set at least partially overlap on the same antenna panel, the first antenna element set being located on a first antenna panel and the second antenna element set being located on a second antenna panel different from the first antenna panel, or a combination thereof.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The instructions for outputting the message for sending to the wireless device can also be executed by the at least one processor to cause the device to perform the following operations: The message is output to be transmitted to the device via the first radio frequency chain using the first default operating frequency in the first transmission direction, via the second radio frequency chain using the second default operating frequency in the second transmission direction, or both, wherein a first tuning of the first radio frequency chain corresponds to the first default operating frequency, and a second tuning of the second radio frequency chain corresponds to the second default operating frequency.

7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The first default operating frequency is different from the second default operating frequency, wherein the first default operating frequency is associated with a first inter-element spacing of the first antenna element set, and the second default operating frequency is associated with a second inter-element spacing of the second antenna element set.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: One or more transmitters are output for transmission via the indicated information and the message, wherein the device is configured as a second wireless device.

9. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: At least one processor; as well as The memory includes instructions executable by the at least one processor to cause the device to perform the following operations: Receive instructions for the following: A first default operating frequency for communication with a wireless device in a first transmission direction, wherein the first default operating frequency is associated with a first radio frequency chain and a first set of antenna elements of the wireless device. A second default operating frequency for communication with the wireless device in a second transmission direction, wherein the second default operating frequency is associated with a second radio frequency chain and a second antenna element set of the wireless device, or Both; and Messages are obtained from the wireless device based on one or more transmission parameters corresponding to the first default operating frequency, the second default operating frequency, or both.

10. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein, The instructions can also be executed by the at least one processor to cause the device to perform the following operations: The wireless device outputs an indication of a first codebook parameter for communication in the first transmission direction, a second codebook parameter for communication in the second transmission direction, or both, wherein the first codebook parameter corresponds to a first default operating frequency and the second codebook parameter corresponds to a second default operating frequency, wherein the first codebook parameter and the second codebook parameter are determined at least in part based on the difference between the first default operating frequency and the second default operating frequency satisfying a threshold.

11. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein, The instructions can also be executed by the at least one processor to cause the device to perform the following operations: The wireless device outputs an indication for a first antenna subarray for communication in the first transmission direction, a second antenna subarray for communication in the second transmission direction, or both, wherein the first antenna subarray corresponds to a first default operating frequency and the second antenna subarray corresponds to a second default operating frequency, wherein the first antenna subarray and the second antenna subarray are determined at least in part based on the difference between the first default operating frequency and the second default operating frequency satisfying a threshold.

12. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein, The instructions for obtaining the message from the wireless device can also be executed by the at least one processor to cause the device to perform the following operations: The message is obtained from the wireless device based on a beam correspondence relationship between communication in the first transmission direction and communication in the second transmission direction, wherein the beam correspondence relationship is determined at least in part based on one or more of the following: the first default operating frequency is the same as the second default operating frequency, a first resource allocation for communication in the first transmission direction, or a second resource allocation for communication in the second transmission direction.

13. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein, The instructions for obtaining the message from the wireless device can also be executed by the at least one processor to cause the device to perform the following operations: The message is obtained from the wireless device using a first antenna panel at the first default operating frequency in the first transmission direction, using a second antenna panel at the second default operating frequency in the second transmission direction, or both, wherein the first antenna panel corresponds to the first default operating frequency and the second antenna panel corresponds to the second default operating frequency.

14. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein, The first default operating frequency is different from the second default operating frequency, wherein the first default operating frequency is associated with a first inter-element spacing of the first antenna element set, and the second default operating frequency is associated with a second inter-element spacing of the second antenna element set.

15. The apparatus according to claim 9, further comprising: One or more receivers that obtain the instructions and the messages therethrough, wherein the device is configured as a second wireless device.

16. A method for wireless communication at a first wireless device, comprising: Send instructions for the following: A first default operating frequency is used for communication with a second wireless device in a first transmission direction, wherein the first default operating frequency is associated with a first radio frequency chain and a first antenna element set of the first wireless device. A second default operating frequency for communication with the second wireless device in the second transmission direction, wherein the second default operating frequency is associated with the second radio frequency chain and the second antenna element set of the first wireless device, or Both; and The second wireless device communicates using the first default operating frequency and the first antenna element set in the first transmission direction, the second default operating frequency and the second antenna element set in the second transmission direction, or both.

17. The method of claim 16, further comprising: In response to an indication of the first default operating frequency, the second default operating frequency, or both, an indication of a first codebook parameter to be used for communication in the first transmission direction, a second codebook parameter to be used for communication in the second transmission direction, or both, is received, wherein the communication with the second wireless device is at least in part based on receiving the indication of the first codebook parameter, the second codebook parameter, or both.

18. The method of claim 16, further comprising: In response to an indication of the first default operating frequency, the second default operating frequency, or both, an indication is received for a first antenna subarray to be used for communication in the first transmission direction, a second antenna subarray to be used for communication in the second transmission direction, or both, wherein the communication with the second wireless device is at least in part based on receiving the indication of the first antenna subarray, the second antenna subarray, or both.

19. The method of claim 16, wherein, The indication of the first default operating frequency, the second default operating frequency, or both includes the indication of the first antenna element set and the second antenna element set.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein, The first antenna element set and the second antenna element set at least partially overlap on the same antenna panel, the first antenna element set being located on a first antenna panel and the second antenna element set being located on a second antenna panel different from the first antenna panel, or a combination thereof.

21. The method according to claim 16, wherein, Communicating with the second wireless device includes: The second wireless device communicates with the first wireless device via the first radio frequency chain using the first default operating frequency in the first transmission direction, via the second radio frequency chain using the second default operating frequency in the second transmission direction, or both, wherein a first tuning of the first radio frequency chain corresponds to the first default operating frequency, and a second tuning of the second radio frequency chain corresponds to the second default operating frequency.

22. The method according to claim 16, wherein, The first default operating frequency is different from the second default operating frequency, wherein the first default operating frequency is associated with a first inter-element spacing of the first antenna element set, and the second default operating frequency is associated with a second inter-element spacing of the second antenna element set.

23. The method according to claim 16, wherein, The first default operating frequency is the same as the second default operating frequency.

24. A method for wireless communication at a first wireless device, comprising: Receive instructions for the following: A first default operating frequency is used for communication with a second wireless device in a first transmission direction, wherein the first default operating frequency is associated with a first radio frequency chain and a first antenna element set of the first wireless device. A second default operating frequency for communication with the second wireless device in the second transmission direction, wherein the second default operating frequency is associated with the second radio frequency chain and the second antenna element set of the first wireless device, or Both; and The second wireless device communicates with the first wireless device based on one or more transmission parameters corresponding to the first default operating frequency, the second default operating frequency, or both.

25. The method of claim 24, further comprising: Send to the second wireless device an indication of a first codebook parameter for communication in the first transmission direction, a second codebook parameter for communication in the second transmission direction, or both, wherein the first codebook parameter corresponds to the first default operating frequency and the second codebook parameter corresponds to the second default operating frequency, wherein the first codebook parameter and the second codebook parameter are determined at least in part based on the difference between the first default operating frequency and the second default operating frequency satisfying a threshold.

26. The method of claim 24, further comprising: Sending an indication to the second wireless device of a first antenna subarray for communication by the second wireless device in the first transmission direction, a second antenna subarray for communication by the second wireless device in the second transmission direction, or both, wherein the first antenna subarray corresponds to the first default operating frequency and the second antenna subarray corresponds to the second default operating frequency, wherein the first antenna subarray and the second antenna subarray are determined at least in part based on the difference between the first default operating frequency and the second default operating frequency satisfying a threshold.

27. The method according to claim 24, wherein, Communicating with the second wireless device includes: The second wireless device is communicated based on a beam correspondence relationship between communication in the first transmission direction and communication in the second transmission direction, wherein the beam correspondence relationship is determined at least in part based on one or more of the following: the first default operating frequency is the same as the second default operating frequency, a first resource allocation for communication in the first transmission direction, or a second resource allocation for communication in the second transmission direction.

28. The method according to claim 24, wherein, Communicating with the second wireless device includes: The second wireless device communicates with a first antenna panel on the first default operating frequency in the first transmission direction, a second antenna panel on the second default operating frequency in the second transmission direction, or both, wherein the first antenna panel corresponds to the first default operating frequency and the second antenna panel corresponds to the second default operating frequency.

29. The method according to claim 24, wherein, The first default operating frequency is different from the second default operating frequency, wherein the first default operating frequency is associated with a first inter-element spacing of the first antenna element set, and the second default operating frequency is associated with a second inter-element spacing of the second antenna element set.

30. The method according to claim 24, wherein, The first default operating frequency is the same as the second default operating frequency.

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