Process for treating waste iron drums and oil-containing filters

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of processing technology of waste iron barrel, oil filter core, comprising the following steps: pour residual, waste iron barrel and oil filter core inside are inverted, and residual material is collected;Tear, metal waste is cut into pieces;Washing, after tearing, waste iron piece is cleaned by drum cleaning machine;Crushing, crusher breaks waste metal piece into iron particle;Magnetic separation, iron particle is screened from crushing material by magnetic separator;Rinse, use clean water to remove part of lye remaining on the surface of iron particle;Drying, remove moisture on the surface of iron particle by wind cutting dehydrator;Residual material and solid residue are sent to pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis.The application separates residual material in waste iron barrel / oil filter core, and extracts clean iron piece, collects residual material and heat-treats it, realizes secondary utilization of waste, the whole processing process can collect and treat scattered waste, waste gas and waste water, can produce residue for pyrolysis, realizes secondary utilization of waste, saves energy, and has good environmental protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hazardous waste treatment technology, specifically relating to a treatment process for waste iron drums and oil-containing filter elements. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, iron drums are widely used in the chemical industry, especially in the fields of chemical products and environmental treatment. Some chemical preparations need to be loaded in iron drums, which generates a large number of waste iron drums. Since hazardous waste iron drums are mainly used to store various organic waste solvents, acidic, alkaline, and corrosive chemical products, under the influence of economic and environmental factors, it is necessary to recycle waste iron drums.

[0003] With the rapid development of the automotive industry, many problems related to exhaust oil filters in automobiles have arisen. Waste automotive oil filters are non-biodegradable hazardous waste; landfilling and incineration both cause pollution. Oil filters typically contain: engine oil, ferrous metals, filter paper, rubber gaskets, glass, etc. Currently, oil filters are processed by crushing them entirely in large shredders. This method has the following problems: 1. The construction cost of large shredders is high; 2. It fails to classify the components of the oil filter and does not recycle recyclable engine oil and ferrous metals, resulting in resource waste; 3. The fumes generated during the crushing process cause irreversible damage to the air and human health. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a processing technology for waste iron drums and oil-containing filter elements to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a process for treating waste iron drums and oil-containing filter elements, the process comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1: Invert the waste iron drum and oil-containing filter element, collect the residual materials inside by category, and send the escaping exhaust gas to the exhaust gas treatment device through the suction pipe.

[0007] S2: Shredding. The metal waste generated after squeezing scrap iron drums and oil-containing filter elements is cut into fragments of a certain size by a shredder. The exhaust gas generated during the shredding process is sucked into the exhaust gas treatment device through the air intake pipe.

[0008] S3: Washing, using a drum washing machine to clean the shredded scrap iron pieces;

[0009] S4: Crushing. The crusher crushes scrap metal into iron particles and collects the solid residue (mainly dyes, paints, etc.) produced during the crushing process.

[0010] S5: Magnetic separation, which uses a magnetic separator to screen out iron particles from the crushed material. The iron particles are then washed to collect the solid residue produced after the second magnetic separation.

[0011] S6: Rinse, use clean water to remove some of the alkaline solution remaining on the surface of the iron particles, and the resulting cleaning wastewater flows into the sewage treatment plant;

[0012] S7: Drying, removing moisture from the surface of the iron particles using an air-cutting dehydrator to obtain dry iron particles;

[0013] S8: The residual materials and solid residues collected in steps S1 and S5 are sent to a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis.

[0014] Preferably, the detergent used in step S3 is a 2% caustic soda solution.

[0015] Preferably, the specific steps of pyrolysis in step S8 are as follows:

[0016] a) Drying: The residue is fed into the pyrolysis furnace through the feeding device, the feed port is sealed, and the temperature is gradually increased for 2 to 3 hours to gradually evaporate the moisture from the material. The moisture in the material is released only in the form of physical evaporation.

[0017] b): Dry distillation, with continued heating to a material temperature of 350℃-500℃, and the pyrolysis furnace maintained at a slight positive pressure; the dry distillation process is divided into three stages:

[0018] (1) Dehydration and decomposition stage: In the early stage of the dry distillation operation, the temperature is relatively low, and the organic matter first removes its internal water. As the temperature rises, it gradually decomposes to produce low molecular weight volatiles.

[0019] (2) Cracking stage: As the dry distillation temperature continues to rise, the bonds of the macromolecules in the organic matter break, that is, cracking occurs, and liquid organic matter is obtained.

[0020] (3) Condensation and carbonization stage: As the temperature increases further, as water and organic vapors are released, the remaining substances are heated and condensed into colloids. At the same time, the amount of volatiles released gradually decreases, the colloids gradually solidify and carbonize, and the carbon content in the solid products gradually increases while the content of other elements such as hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur gradually decreases.

[0021] c): Cooling down: After the material in the pyrolysis furnace has finished pyrolysis, stop heating and allow it to cool down naturally. When the temperature drops below 100℃, turn on the pyrolysis furnace and discharge the carbon black.

[0022] d): Condensation. The gas phase generated by pyrolysis enters the condensation device. After the pyrolysis gas is condensed by the condenser, the resulting non-condensable gas enters the combustion chamber of the hot blast stove for combustion, generating hot air to heat the pyrolysis furnace. The flue gas after heating is treated by the flue gas purification system to meet the standards before being discharged. The pyrolysis liquid enters the oil processing system.

[0023] e): Oil processing: After the pyrolysis gas is condensed by the condenser, the resulting pyrolysis liquid first enters the oil-water separation device. The oil-water separation device utilizes the poor miscibility of the organic phase and the water phase and the effect of gravity to separate the pyrolysis oil and water.

[0024] The separated wastewater enters the sewage treatment plant; the separated pyrolysis oil enters the automatic slag discharge centrifugal sedimentation filter, where gravity and centrifugal force are used to separate the waste residue from the pyrolysis oil.

[0025] The liquid enters a distillation tower for distillation. The light components and non-condensable gases obtained from the distillation tower are recycled to the hot air furnace for combustion. The heavy components are used as furnace fuel oil. The wastewater enters the sewage treatment plant. The distillation residue remaining after distillation is collected and sent to the pyrolysis furnace for secondary pyrolysis.

[0026] Preferably, in step d), the working temperature of the hot blast stove is 850℃~1150℃, its working pressure is -500Pa~-100Pa, and the residence time of the non-condensable gas in the combustion chamber of the hot blast stove is greater than 2 seconds.

[0027] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0028] 1. Through processes of dumping, shredding, washing, crushing, magnetic separation, rinsing and drying, the residue in the waste iron drum / oil-containing filter element is separated, and clean iron pieces are extracted. The residue is collected and heat-treated to achieve secondary utilization of waste, save energy and be environmentally friendly.

[0029] 2. The residue and waste are pyrolyzed through a pyrolysis process to produce carbon black, fuel oil, non-condensable gas and waste residue. The carbon black can be used in industries such as rubber, paint and ink, and the fuel oil can be collected for later use.

[0030] 3. The non-condensable gas generated by pyrolysis enters the hot air combustion furnace to generate hot air to heat the pyrolysis furnace. The waste residue is put back into the pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis. The wastewater and waste gas are treated to meet the standards before being discharged, thus realizing the recycling of energy.

[0031] 4. Overall, it reduces pyrolysis costs and does not produce secondary pollution, saving energy and reducing emissions. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the pyrolysis process. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] like Figures 1-2 This invention illustrates a specific embodiment of a treatment process for waste iron drums and oil-containing filter elements: the treatment process includes the following steps:

[0036] S1: Invert the waste iron drum and oil-containing filter element, collect the residual materials inside by category, and send the escaping exhaust gas to the exhaust gas treatment device through the suction pipe; the main components of the residual materials are waste mineral oil, waste organic solvents, dyes, paints, waste resins, etc.

[0037] S2: Shredding. The metal waste generated after squeezing scrap iron drums and oil-containing filter elements is cut into fragments of a certain size by a shredder. The exhaust gas generated during the shredding process is sucked into the exhaust gas treatment device through the air intake pipe.

[0038] S3: Washing, the shredded scrap iron is washed using a drum washing machine, the detergent being a 2% caustic soda solution;

[0039] S4: Crushing. The crusher crushes scrap metal into iron particles and collects the solid residue produced during the crushing process (the main components of the residue are dyes, paints, etc.).

[0040] S5: Magnetic separation, which uses a magnetic separator to screen out iron particles from the crushed material. The iron particles are then washed to collect the solid residue produced after the second magnetic separation.

[0041] S6: Rinse, use clean water to remove some of the alkaline solution remaining on the surface of the iron particles, and the resulting cleaning wastewater flows into the sewage treatment plant;

[0042] S7: Drying, removing moisture from the surface of the iron particles using an air-cutting dehydrator to obtain dry iron particles;

[0043] S8: The residual materials and solid residues collected in steps S1 and S5 are sent to a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis.

[0044] The specific steps of the pyrolysis are as follows:

[0045] a) Drying: The residue is fed into the pyrolysis furnace through the feeding device, the feed port is sealed, and the temperature is gradually increased for 2 to 3 hours to gradually evaporate the moisture from the material. The moisture in the material is released only in the form of physical evaporation.

[0046] b): Dry distillation, with continued heating to a material temperature of 350℃-500℃, and the pyrolysis furnace maintained at a slight positive pressure; the dry distillation process is divided into three stages:

[0047] (1) Dehydration and decomposition stage: In the early stage of the dry distillation operation, the temperature is relatively low, and the organic matter first removes its internal water. As the temperature rises, it gradually decomposes to produce low molecular weight volatiles.

[0048] (2) Cracking stage: As the dry distillation temperature continues to rise, the bonds of the macromolecules in the organic matter break, that is, cracking occurs, and liquid organic matter is obtained.

[0049] (3) Condensation and carbonization stage: As the temperature increases further, as water and organic vapors are released, the remaining substances are heated and condensed into colloids. At the same time, the amount of volatiles released gradually decreases, the colloids gradually solidify and carbonize, and the carbon content in the solid products gradually increases while the content of other elements such as hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur gradually decreases.

[0050] c): Cooling down: After the material in the pyrolysis furnace has finished pyrolysis, stop heating and allow it to cool down naturally. When the temperature drops below 100℃, turn on the pyrolysis furnace and discharge the carbon black.

[0051] d): Condensation. The gaseous phase generated by pyrolysis enters the condensation device. After the pyrolysis gas is condensed by the condenser, the resulting non-condensable gas subsequently enters the combustion chamber of the hot blast stove for combustion, generating hot air to heat the pyrolysis furnace. The heated flue gas is treated by the flue gas purification system to meet the standards before being discharged. The pyrolysis liquid enters the oil processing system. The operating temperature of the hot blast stove is 850℃~1150℃, and its operating pressure is -500Pa~-100Pa. The residence time of the non-condensable gas in the combustion chamber of the hot blast stove is greater than 2 seconds.

[0052] e): Oil processing: After the pyrolysis gas is condensed by the condenser, the resulting pyrolysis liquid first enters the oil-water separation device. The oil-water separation device utilizes the poor miscibility of the organic phase and the water phase and the effect of gravity to separate the pyrolysis oil and water.

[0053] The separated wastewater enters the sewage treatment plant; the separated pyrolysis oil enters the automatic slag discharge centrifugal sedimentation filter, where gravity and centrifugal force are used to separate the waste residue from the pyrolysis oil.

[0054] The liquid enters a distillation tower for distillation. The light components and non-condensable gases obtained from the distillation tower are recycled to the hot air furnace for combustion. The heavy components are used as furnace fuel oil. The wastewater enters the sewage treatment plant. The distillation residue remaining after distillation is collected and sent to the pyrolysis furnace for secondary pyrolysis.

[0055] This process involves emptying scrap iron drums, squeezing oil-containing filter elements for preliminary treatment, then shredding them into fragments using a shredder. The fragments are then subjected to alkaline washing, followed by crushing into iron particles. These iron particles are then magnetically separated, rinsed, and dried to obtain dry iron particles. The entire process can collect and treat loose waste, waste gas, and wastewater, and the resulting residue can be pyrolyzed to achieve secondary utilization of waste, saving energy and demonstrating good environmental protection.

[0056] The applicant further declares that while the above embodiments illustrate the implementation method and apparatus structure of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, meaning that the present invention must rely on the above methods and structures to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvements to the present invention, equivalent substitutions for the selected implementation methods, additions to steps, and selections of specific methods all fall within the protection and disclosure scope of the present invention.

[0057] This invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. All methods that employ similar structures and approaches to achieve the objectives of this invention are within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A process for treating waste iron drums and oil-containing filter elements, characterized in that: The processing technology includes the following steps: S1: Invert the waste iron drum and oil-containing filter element, collect the residual materials inside by category, and send the escaping exhaust gas to the exhaust gas treatment device through the suction pipe. S2: Shredding, the metal waste generated after squeezing scrap iron drums and oil-containing filter elements is cut into fragments by the shredder, and the exhaust gas generated during the shredding process is sucked into the exhaust gas treatment device through the air intake pipe. S3: Washing, using a drum washing machine to clean the shredded scrap iron pieces; S4: Crushing. The crusher crushes scrap metal into iron particles and collects the solid residue produced during the crushing process. S5: Magnetic separation, which uses a magnetic separator to screen out iron particles from the crushed material. The iron particles are then washed to collect the solid residue produced after the second magnetic separation. S6: Rinse, use clean water to remove some of the alkaline solution remaining on the surface of the iron particles, and the resulting cleaning wastewater flows into the sewage treatment plant; S7: Drying, removing moisture from the surface of the iron particles using an air-cutting dehydrator to obtain dry iron particles; S8: Send the residual materials and solid residues collected in steps S1 and S5 to the pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis; The specific steps of pyrolysis in step S8 are as follows: a): Drying: The residue is fed into the pyrolysis furnace through the feeding device, the feed port is sealed, and the temperature is gradually increased for 2-3 hours to gradually evaporate the moisture from the material. The moisture in the material is released only in the form of physical evaporation. b): Dry distillation, with continued heating to a material temperature of 350℃-500℃, and the pyrolysis furnace maintained at a slight positive pressure; the dry distillation process is divided into three stages: (1) Dehydration and decomposition stage: In the early stage of the dry distillation operation, the temperature is relatively low, and the organic matter first removes its internal water. As the temperature rises, it gradually decomposes to produce low molecular weight volatiles. (2) Cracking stage: As the dry distillation temperature continues to rise, the bonds of the macromolecules in the organic matter break, that is, cracking occurs, and liquid organic matter is obtained; (3) Condensation and carbonization stage: As the temperature increases further, as water and organic vapors are released, the remaining substances are heated and condensed into colloids. At the same time, the amount of volatiles released gradually decreases, the colloids gradually solidify and carbonize, and the carbon content in the solid products gradually increases while the content of hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur and other elements gradually decreases. c): Cooling down. After the material in the pyrolysis furnace has finished pyrolysis, stop heating and allow it to cool down naturally. When the temperature drops below 100℃, turn on the pyrolysis furnace and discharge the carbon black. d): Condensation. The gas phase generated by pyrolysis enters the condensation device. After the pyrolysis gas is condensed by the condenser, the resulting non-condensable gas enters the combustion chamber of the hot blast stove for combustion, generating hot air to heat the pyrolysis furnace. The flue gas after heating is treated by the flue gas purification system to meet the standards before being discharged. The pyrolysis liquid enters the oil processing system. e): Oil processing: After the pyrolysis gas is condensed by the condenser, the resulting pyrolysis liquid first enters the oil-water separation device. The oil-water separation device utilizes the poor miscibility of the organic phase and the water phase and the effect of gravity to separate the pyrolysis oil and water. The separated wastewater enters the sewage treatment plant; the separated pyrolysis oil enters the automatic slag discharge centrifugal sedimentation filter, where gravity and centrifugal force are used to separate the waste residue from the pyrolysis oil. The liquid enters a distillation tower for distillation. The light components and non-condensable gases obtained from the distillation tower are recycled to the hot air furnace for combustion. The heavy components are used as furnace fuel oil. The wastewater enters the sewage treatment plant. The distillation residue remaining after distillation is collected and sent to the pyrolysis furnace for secondary pyrolysis.

2. The processing method for waste iron drums and oil-containing filter elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detergent used in step S3 is a 2% caustic soda solution.

3. The processing technology for waste iron drums and oil-containing filter elements according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step d), the working temperature of the hot blast stove is 850℃~1150℃, its working pressure is -500Pa~-100Pa, and the residence time of the non-condensable gas in the combustion chamber of the hot blast stove is greater than 2 seconds.

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