A ship vibration sensor device based on friction nanogenerator

Abstract

The application discloses a ship vibration sensor device based on friction nanometer power generation, which comprises a loading part, the loading part comprises a shell, the top of the shell is provided with a sealing piece, the bottom of the shell is provided with a bearing piece, and a detection cavity is formed between the top of the bearing piece and the bottom of the sealing piece; a vibration detection part for detecting the body of a ship power device is arranged in the detection cavity, the detection part comprises a deformation piece which is deformed by vibration, the bottom of the deformation piece is arranged on the top surface of the bearing piece, and the top of the deformation piece is provided with a friction nanometer power generation sensing piece, the friction nanometer power generation sensing piece comprises a first electrode, the top surface of the first electrode is fixedly connected with a dielectric layer material, the bottom surface of the sealing piece is provided with a second electrode, the first electrode, the second electrode and the dielectric material are arranged in the detection cavity, and a gap exists between the dielectric material and the second electrode; a collection and processing part for collecting and processing information is electrically connected with the friction nanometer power generation sensing piece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vibration sensor technology, and in particular to a sensor device based on a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) suitable for vibration of marine propulsion systems. Background Technology

[0002] During navigation, monitoring the operational status of ship propulsion equipment such as the main engine and steering gear is crucial. Under normal navigation conditions, engineers can assess the operating status of the propulsion system based on pressure gauges, flow meters, and thermometers. However, in severe weather or emergency situations where critical equipment malfunctions, rapid detection of key operational parameters, such as vibration levels, is essential. Rapid detection equipment is needed to assess these parameters, promptly reflect the operating status of the propulsion system, and quickly identify the root cause of the malfunction. Currently used sensors for monitoring primarily include piezoelectric sensors, capacitive sensors, resistive sensors, magnetoelectric sensors, and electromagnetic sensors.

[0003] Piezoelectric generators are simple in design, have a long lifespan, and are low in cost, but their output power is very low. Capacitive and resistive sensors are susceptible to environmental interference. Magnetoelectric and electromagnetic sensors are not suitable for this type of portable, small-scale vibration energy harvesting. Therefore, the widespread use of these technologies may be limited, and all of them rely on an external power source. Furthermore, most environmental vibrations are below a few hundred Hz, and in this low-frequency range, sensors using these technologies struggle to harvest low-frequency environmental energy.

[0004] Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), as a novel power generation method, can be used as vibration sensors to achieve self-powering, effectively solving the problem of needing an external power source. Compared with traditional vibration sensors, TENGs have lower manufacturing costs and longer service life, significantly reducing maintenance costs. TENG vibration sensors are small and lightweight, allowing them to be installed on various parts of the ship's propulsion system that vibrate, providing more comprehensive and accurate vibration information without affecting the normal operation of the machine. Furthermore, in the low-frequency range of environmental vibration, TENGs, as vibration sensors, have a fast response speed, accurately measuring vibration signals from the ship's propulsion system and converting them into electrical signals for processing and analysis. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a ship vibration sensor device based on triboelectric nanogenerators to solve the problems of traditional vibration sensors, such as the inability to collect low-frequency energy and the inability to self-power. This invention is applicable to the detection and early warning of vibration of ship propulsion systems and has broad application prospects.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a ship vibration sensor device based on triboelectric nanogenerators, comprising:

[0007] The loading unit includes a housing, a sealing element is provided at the top of the housing, and a support element is provided at the bottom of the housing. The support element is inserted into the housing, and a detection cavity is formed between the upper part of the support element and the lower part of the sealing element.

[0008] A detection unit for detecting vibration of a ship's power unit is disposed within a detection cavity. The detection unit includes a deformable element that deforms upon vibration. The bottom of the deformable element is disposed on the top surface of a support member. A triboelectric nano-power generation sensor is disposed on the top of the deformable element. The triboelectric nano-power generation sensor includes a first electrode. A dielectric material is fixedly attached to the top surface of the first electrode. A second electrode is disposed on the bottom surface of a sealing member. The first electrode, the second electrode, and the dielectric material are all disposed within the detection cavity. A gap exists between the dielectric material and the second electrode.

[0009] The acquisition and processing unit is used to collect and process information, and the acquisition and processing unit is electrically connected to the triboelectric nanogenerator sensor.

[0010] Preferably, the deformable component includes a spring, the bottom of which is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the bearing component, and an acrylic plate is fixedly connected to the top of the spring, with the first electrode fixedly connected to the top surface of the acrylic plate.

[0011] Preferably, the support member includes a lower end cover, the top surface of which is fixedly connected to a lower boss, the lower boss being threadedly connected to the bottom of the outer shell, the top edge of the lower end cover abutting against the bottom surface of the outer shell, the top surface of the lower boss being fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the spring, and an inner shell being fixedly connected to the top surface of the lower boss, the spring being disposed within the inner shell.

[0012] Preferably, the sealing element includes an upper end cover, the bottom surface of which is fixedly connected to an upper boss, the upper boss being threadedly connected to the top of the outer casing, the second electrode being disposed on the bottom surface of the upper boss, and the bottom edge of the upper end cover abutting against the top surface of the outer casing.

[0013] Preferably, the first electrode and the second electrode are made of a conductive flexible thin film material.

[0014] Preferably, the dielectric material is configured as an insulating flexible thin film material.

[0015] Preferably, the first electrode is bonded to the dielectric material using double-sided adhesive.

[0016] Preferably, the outer shell, the inner shell, the upper end cover, the upper boss, the lower boss, and the lower end cover are all made of acrylic material.

[0017] Preferably, the acquisition and processing unit includes a rectifier circuit, a filter circuit, and a signal processing unit; the triboelectric nanogenerator sensor is electrically connected to the rectifier circuit, the filter circuit, and the signal processing unit in sequence.

[0018] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0019] 1. Compared with traditional vibration sensors, the triboelectric nanogenerator structure formed by the detection unit in this invention has lower manufacturing costs and longer service life, which can significantly reduce maintenance costs.

[0020] 2. This invention has a fast response speed, can accurately measure the vibration signal of the ship's power unit, and can convert it into an electrical signal for processing and analysis.

[0021] 3. This invention is small in size and light in weight, and can be installed on various parts of the ship's power unit that vibrate, providing more comprehensive and accurate vibration information without affecting the normal operation of the machine.

[0022] 4. The triboelectric nanogenerator sensor of this invention is sealed with a sealing material, reducing its susceptibility to temperature and humidity interference, thereby improving the reliability of the sensed electrical signal. Its spring-like structure allows for periodic contact and separation between the dielectric material and the second electrode during vibration. Changes in the distance between them generate induced charges, resulting in periodic voltage and current signals. This structure is easy to install and can be used as a vibration sensor for measuring the vibration of a ship's propulsion system. Furthermore, the triboelectric nanogenerator vibration sensor has a wide range of material options and low cost. Based on these reasons, this invention can be widely applied in fields such as vibration sensor equipment for ship propulsion systems. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the ship vibration sensor device based on triboelectric nanogenerator of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is an external three-dimensional view of the ship vibration sensor device based on triboelectric nanogenerator of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is an internal three-dimensional view of the ship vibration sensor device based on triboelectric nanogenerator of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the triboelectric nanogenerator sensor in this invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the acquisition and processing unit in this invention.

[0029] The components are as follows: 1. Outer shell; 2. First electrode; 3. Dielectric material; 4. Second electrode; 5. Spring; 6. Acrylic plate; 7. Lower end cover; 8. Lower boss; 9. Inner shell; 10. Upper end cover; 11. Upper boss; 12. Rectifier circuit; 13. Filter circuit; 14. Signal processing unit. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Reference Figure 1-3 This invention provides a ship vibration sensor device based on triboelectric nanogenerators, comprising:

[0033] The loading unit includes a housing 1, a sealing element is provided on the top of the housing 1, and a carrier element is provided on the bottom of the housing 1. The carrier element is inserted into the housing 1, and a detection cavity is formed between the upper part of the carrier element and the lower part of the sealing element.

[0034] A detection unit for detecting vibration of a ship's power unit is set inside a detection chamber. The detection unit includes a deformable component that deforms through vibration. The bottom of the deformable component is set on the top surface of a support component. A triboelectric nano-power generation sensor is set on the top of the deformable component. The triboelectric nano-power generation sensor includes a first electrode 2. A dielectric material 3 is fixed to the top surface of the first electrode 2. A second electrode 4 is set on the bottom surface of a sealing component. The first electrode 2, the second electrode 4, and the dielectric material 3 are all set inside the detection chamber. There is a gap between the dielectric material 3 and the second electrode 4.

[0035] The acquisition and processing unit is used to collect and process information, and the acquisition and processing unit is electrically connected to the triboelectric nanogenerator sensor.

[0036] The detection unit in this invention forms a triboelectric nanogenerator structure, and the resulting vibration sensor device can collect low-frequency vibration energy of the ship's power unit without the need for an auxiliary power supply, making it more convenient to use. Furthermore, this device achieves efficient processing of vibration signals from the ship's power unit, while overcoming the problems of traditional vibration sensors being susceptible to interference and unable to provide their own power, thus improving the stability and reliability of the sensor.

[0037] The design is further optimized so that the deformable component includes a spring 5, the bottom of the spring 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the bearing component, the top of the spring 5 is fixedly connected to an acrylic plate 6, and the first electrode 2 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the acrylic plate 6.

[0038] Reference Figure 4 The second electrode 4 and the dielectric material 3 adopt a perpendicular contact separation mode, and their spacing changes with movement. See the schematic diagram for details. Figure 2 As shown, when the spring 5 undergoes a minute displacement (on the order of mm) relative to the loading part, the relative motion between the friction surfaces of the dielectric material 3 and the second electrode 4 generates a charge distribution, thereby exciting the flow of electrons and outputting current through the circuit. The dielectric material 3 is an insulating flexible thin film material that generates negative charges; the second electrode is a conductive flexible thin film material that generates positive charges. Based on the working principle of the triboelectric nanogenerator, it can be used as a sensing element for the vibration of the ship's propulsion system, enabling the capture of vibration signals of different frequencies and amplitudes.

[0039] During operation, a periodic current is generated due to the principles of triboelectric charging and electrostatic induction. When the spring 5 is not vibrating, there is no relative movement between the dielectric material 3 and the second electrode 4 in the triboelectric nano-power generation sensor, and no charge is generated by relative friction. When external vibration begins to stimulate the sensor, the spring 5 begins to vibrate upwards, causing the dielectric material 3 on it to move upwards and rub against the first electrode 2. The dielectric material 3 becomes negatively charged, and the second electrode 4 becomes positively charged. A voltage difference is generated between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 4 of the triboelectric nano-power generation sensor, forming a current in the external circuit. When the spring 5 returns to normal and vibrates downwards, it causes the dielectric material 3 on it to move downwards and separate from the first electrode 2, generating a voltage difference of opposite polarity. When the triboelectric nano-power generation sensor continues to move upwards, it will generate induced charge in the same way as the previous movement. This cycle repeats, forming a periodic alternating current signal.

[0040] Further optimization of the scheme: the bearing component includes a lower end cover 7, a lower boss 8 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the lower end cover 7, the lower boss 8 is connected to the bottom of the outer shell 1 by a thread, the edge of the top surface of the lower end cover 7 abuts against the bottom surface of the outer shell 1, the top surface of the lower boss 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the spring 5, the top surface of the lower boss 8 is fixedly connected to the inner shell 9, and the spring 5 is set inside the inner shell 9.

[0041] Further optimization of the design: the sealing element includes an upper end cover 10, an upper boss 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the upper end cover 10, the upper boss 11 is connected to the top of the outer shell 1 by a thread, the second electrode 4 is disposed on the bottom surface of the upper boss 11, and the bottom edge of the upper end cover 10 abuts against the top surface of the outer shell 1.

[0042] Further optimization of the scheme: the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 4 are set as conductive flexible thin film materials.

[0043] To further optimize the design, dielectric material 3 is set as an insulating flexible thin film material.

[0044] To further optimize the design, the first electrode 2 and the dielectric material 3 are bonded together with double-sided adhesive.

[0045] The design has been further optimized, with the outer shell 1, inner shell 9, upper end cover 10, upper boss 11, lower boss 8, and lower end cover 7 all made of acrylic material.

[0046] The scheme is further optimized. The acquisition and processing unit includes a rectifier circuit 12, a filter circuit 13, and a signal processing unit 14. The triboelectric nanogenerator sensor is electrically connected to the rectifier circuit 12, the filter circuit 13, and the signal processing unit 14 in sequence.

[0047] Reference Figure 5 The signal output from the triboelectric nanogenerator sensor is first connected to the rectifier circuit 12, converting it into a DC signal. The DC signal is then sent to the filter circuit 13 for processing, filtering out irregular noise signals. The processed signal is then sent to the signal processing unit 14 for Fourier transform to obtain frequency information. The signal processing unit 14 is mainly composed of an STM32 microcontroller. During operation, the device senses external vibration signals. On the surface of the triboelectric nanogenerator sensor, the relative distance between the dielectric material 3 and the second electrode 4 changes, generating induced charges. These charges periodically form an alternating current signal, which is transmitted through wires to the acquisition and processing unit for processing, ultimately yielding the frequency signal information.

[0048] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0049] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ship vibration sensor device based on triboelectric nanogenerators, characterized in that, include: The loading unit includes a housing (1), a sealing element is provided on the top of the housing (1), a support element is provided on the bottom of the housing (1), the support element is inserted into the housing (1), and a detection cavity is formed between the top of the support element and the bottom of the sealing element; A detection unit for detecting vibration of a ship's power unit body is provided in the detection cavity. The detection unit includes a deformable component that deforms through vibration. The bottom of the deformable component is provided on the top surface of the support component. A triboelectric nano-power generation sensor is provided on the top of the deformable component. The triboelectric nano-power generation sensor includes a first electrode (2). A dielectric material (3) is fixed to the top surface of the first electrode (2). A second electrode (4) is provided on the bottom surface of the sealing component. The first electrode (2), the second electrode (4), and the dielectric material (3) are all provided in the detection cavity. There is a gap between the dielectric material (3) and the second electrode (4). A data acquisition and processing unit is used to collect and process information, and the data acquisition and processing unit is electrically connected to the triboelectric nanogenerator sensor. The deformable component includes a spring (5), the bottom of which is fixedly connected to the top surface of the bearing component, and an acrylic plate (6) is fixedly connected to the top of the spring (5). The first electrode (2) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the acrylic plate (6). The support member includes a lower end cover (7), the top surface of the lower end cover (7) is fixedly connected to a lower boss (8), the lower boss (8) is connected to the bottom of the outer shell (1) by a thread, the top edge of the lower end cover (7) abuts against the bottom surface of the outer shell (1), the top surface of the lower boss (8) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the spring (5), the top surface of the lower boss (8) is fixedly connected to an inner shell (9), and the spring (5) is disposed inside the inner shell (9); The sealing element includes an upper end cap (10), an upper boss (11) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the upper end cap (10), the upper boss (11) is connected to the top of the outer shell (1) by a thread, the second electrode (4) is disposed on the bottom surface of the upper boss (11), and the bottom edge of the upper end cap (10) abuts against the top surface of the outer shell (1). The acquisition and processing unit includes a rectifier circuit (12), a filter circuit (13), and a signal processing unit (14); the triboelectric nanogenerator sensor is electrically connected to the rectifier circuit (12), the filter circuit (13), and the signal processing unit (14) in sequence.

2. The ship vibration sensor device based on triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first electrode (2) and the second electrode (4) are made of conductive flexible thin film material.

3. The ship vibration sensor device based on triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dielectric material (3) is configured as an insulating flexible thin film material.

4. The ship vibration sensor device based on triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first electrode (2) is bonded to the dielectric material (3) with double-sided adhesive.

5. The ship vibration sensor device based on triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer shell (1), the inner shell (9), the upper end cover (10), the upper boss (11), the lower boss (8), and the lower end cover (7) are all made of acrylic.

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