Anti-floating anchor rod bearing capacity detection simulation device and test method

Abstract

The application discloses an anti-floating anchor rod bearing capacity detection simulation device and a test method, and relates to the field of geotechnical anchoring engineering, and comprises the following steps: assembling a support; installing a through center jack, a second steel backing plate, a dynamometer, a first steel backing plate above the top plate of the support; sequentially penetrating a steel rod, the steel rod passing through the center hole of the top plate; installing a rigidity adjusting block, a third steel backing plate, a spring, a fourth steel backing plate and a nut on the steel rod segment below the top plate; installing the nut on the top of the steel rod, locking the nut against the first steel backing plate, and symmetrically installing displacement meters on the first steel backing plate; pressurizing the through center jack, lifting the jack-up cylinder, compressing the spring, recording the readings of the dynamometer and the displacement meters, and drawing a load-displacement curve. The test method can simulate the whole process of the graded loading and data collection of the anti-floating anchor rod bearing capacity detection, the rigidity adjusting block can be replaced, the steep drop curve and the slow change curve can be obtained, and the test method is beneficial to quickly understanding and mastering the technical points of the anti-floating anchor rod bearing capacity detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geotechnical anchoring engineering, and in particular to a simulation device and test method for testing the bearing capacity of anti-buoyancy anchors. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the widespread use of anchor bolts in geotechnical engineering has led to their increasing importance, especially in underground anti-buoyancy projects. The load-bearing capacity of anti-buoyancy anchors is crucial to the safety of underground structures. Testing the load-bearing capacity of anti-buoyancy anchors is a vital method for verifying their ultimate pull-out bearing capacity before construction and for accepting their bearing capacity after construction. However, the main method for testing the load-bearing capacity of anti-buoyancy anchors is the graded loading method, which is time-consuming and requires the installation of auxiliary components such as loading beams and bearing blocks. This makes it difficult for newly trained technicians or classroom teaching to conduct on-site training, hindering in-depth analysis and intuitive learning of the key testing techniques.

[0003] Therefore, in order to facilitate the teaching and training of anti-buoyancy anchor bearing capacity testing methods, and to fully reproduce the key points of on-site testing techniques while meeting certain real-time loading teaching requirements, it is urgent to develop new technologies for anti-buoyancy anchor bearing capacity testing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the above technical problems, this invention provides a simulation device and testing method for testing the bearing capacity of anti-buoyancy anchor bolts, which can be used for teaching and training on anchor bolt bearing capacity in the field.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0006] The present invention provides a simulation device for testing the bearing capacity of anti-buoyancy anchor bolts, including a support frame. The support frame includes a base plate, a top plate, and vertical screws. The top plate is disposed above the base plate, and the base plate and the top plate are connected by a plurality of vertical screws and nuts.

[0007] A steel rod is installed through the middle of the top plate. On the steel rod, below the top plate, from top to bottom, a stiffness adjustment block, a third steel pad, a spring, a fourth steel pad, and a nut are installed in sequence. On the steel rod, above the top plate, from bottom to top, a through-hole jack, a second steel pad, a force gauge, a first steel pad, and a nut are installed in sequence.

[0008] Displacement gauges are symmetrically arranged above the first steel pad.

[0009] Optionally, the through-hole jack is equipped with an oil inlet and an oil return nozzle.

[0010] Optionally, the top of the lifting cylinder of the through-hole jack contacts the bottom of the second steel pad.

[0011] Optionally, the force gauge is equipped with a data cable.

[0012] The present invention also provides a test method based on the above-mentioned anti-buoyancy anchor bearing capacity testing simulation device, comprising the following steps:

[0013] S1. Assemble the bracket;

[0014] S2. Install the through jack, the second steel pad, the force gauge, and the first steel pad in sequence above the center hole of the top plate of the support; then insert the steel rod in sequence, with the steel rod passing through the center hole of the top plate.

[0015] S3. Install the stiffness adjustment block, the third steel pad, the spring, the fourth steel pad and the nut in sequence on the steel bar section under the top plate;

[0016] S4. Install a nut on the top of the steel bar, tighten the nut to press against the first steel pad, and install displacement gauges symmetrically on the first steel pad;

[0017] S5. Apply pressure to the through-hole jack, the lifting cylinder rises, the spring is compressed, record the readings of the force gauge and displacement gauge, and plot the load-displacement curve.

[0018] Optionally, when the load-displacement curve is designed as a steeply sloping curve, the stiffness adjustment block is made of cement mortar; when the load-displacement curve is designed as a gradually changing curve, the stiffness adjustment block is made of high-strength rubber.

[0019] Optionally, the first steel pad, the second steel pad, the third steel pad, and the fourth steel pad are each provided with a through hole matching the steel rod at their center.

[0020] Optionally, the stiffness adjustment block has a perforation at its center for the steel rod to pass through.

[0021] Optionally, the pressure required for the spring to compress 10cm is not less than 700kN.

[0022] Optionally, the stiffness adjustment block, when made of cement mortar, is a 150mm cube with a compressive strength of 20-30MPa.

[0023] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0024] 1. The device of this invention is simple and easy to install, and can be well used for teaching and training on anchor bolt bearing capacity in the field.

[0025] 2. During the loading process, the spring can be compressed and deformed well, allowing the jack to be lifted smoothly. The displacement gauge can measure the significant displacement without relying solely on the tensile deformation of the steel bar itself, which greatly reduces the requirements for the deformation of the steel bar.

[0026] 3. The method of this invention incorporates a stiffness adjustment block. When cement mortar is used as the stiffness adjustment block, due to its brittle nature upon failure, the load-displacement curve rapidly increases after reaching the failure load of the cement mortar, resulting in a steeply decreasing curve. When high-strength rubber blocks are used as the stiffness adjustment block, their high strength makes them less prone to failure, while their large elastic modulus allows for easy compression deformation, resulting in a gradually changing load-displacement curve. Therefore, by replacing the stiffness adjustment block, two typical load-displacement curves for anchor bolt bearing capacity testing can be obtained. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is an installation elevation view of the anti-buoyancy anchor bearing capacity testing simulation device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA cross-section view;

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 1 BB cross-section;

[0031] Figure 4 This is an elevation view of the anti-buoyancy anchor bearing capacity testing device of the present invention after loading;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a load-displacement curve diagram for testing the bearing capacity of the anti-buoyancy anchor bolt according to the present invention;

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0034] 100. Bracket; 110. Top plate; 111. Center hole; 112. Connecting hole; 120. Base plate; 130. Vertical screw; 140. Nut;

[0035] 200. Steel bar; 210. First steel pad; 211. Second steel pad; 212. Third steel pad; 213. Fourth steel pad; 214. Through hole; 220. Spring; 230. Stiffness adjusting block; 240. Nut;

[0036] 300. Through-hole jack; 301. Oil inlet nozzle; 302. Oil return nozzle; 303. Lifting cylinder; 310. Force gauge; 311. Data cable; 320. Displacement gauge; 330. Steep descent curve; 340. Gradually changing curve. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a simulation device for testing the bearing capacity of anti-buoyancy anchor bolts. The device includes a support 100, which comprises a base plate 120, a top plate 110, and vertical screws 130. The top plate 110 is positioned above the base plate 120, and the base plate 120 and the top plate 110 are connected by multiple vertical screws 130 and nuts 140. A steel rod 200 is inserted through the center of the top plate 110. On the bar 200, below the top plate 110, from top to bottom, are arranged a stiffness adjustment block 230, a third steel pad 212, a spring 220, a fourth steel pad 213, and a nut 240; on the bar 200, above the top plate 110, from bottom to top, are arranged a through-hole jack 300, a second steel pad 211, a force gauge 310, a first steel pad 213, and a nut 240; symmetrically arranged above the first steel pad 210 are displacement gauges 320.

[0039] In this specific embodiment, the through-hole jack 300 is equipped with an oil inlet 301 and an oil return nozzle 302. The top of the lifting cylinder 303 of the through-hole jack 300 is in contact with the bottom of the second steel pad 211. A data cable 311 is provided on the force gauge 310. The first steel pad 210, the second steel pad 211, the third steel pad 212, and the fourth steel pad 213 are all provided with rod holes 214 matching the steel rod 200 at their centers. The stiffness adjusting block 230 is provided with a through hole at its center for the steel rod 200 to pass through. The pressure required for the spring 220 to compress 10cm is not less than 700kN. In this specific embodiment, the pressure required for the spring 220 to compress 10cm is 90000kN. When the stiffness adjusting block 230 is made of cement mortar, it is a 150mm cube with a compressive strength of 25MPa.

[0040] This embodiment also provides a test method based on the above-mentioned anti-buoyancy anchor bearing capacity testing simulation device, including the following steps:

[0041] S1, Assembly bracket 100;

[0042] S2. Install the through jack 300, the second steel pad 211, the force gauge 310, and the first steel pad 210 in sequence above the center hole 111 of the top plate 110 of the bracket 100; then insert the steel rod 200 in sequence, the steel rod 200 passing through the center hole 111 of the top plate 110.

[0043] S3. Install the stiffness adjustment block 230, the third steel pad 212, the spring 220, the fourth steel pad 213 and the nut 240 sequentially on the steel rod 200 section under the top plate 110.

[0044] S4. Install a nut 240 on the top of the steel bar 200, tighten the nut 240 to abut against the first steel pad 210, and symmetrically install displacement gauges 320 on the first steel pad 210.

[0045] S5. Apply pressure to the through-hole jack 300, the lifting cylinder 303 rises, the spring 220 is compressed, record the readings of the force gauge 310 and the displacement gauge 320, and plot the load-displacement curve.

[0046] When the load-displacement curve is designed as a steeply sloping curve 330, the stiffness adjustment block 230 is made of cement mortar; when the load-displacement curve is designed as a gradually changing curve 340, the stiffness adjustment block 230 is made of high-strength rubber.

[0047] It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention, and no reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0048] This specification uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simulation device for testing the bearing capacity of anti-buoyancy anchor bolts, characterized in that, The system includes a support frame, which comprises a base plate, a top plate, and vertical screws. The top plate is disposed above the base plate, and the base plate and the top plate are connected by a plurality of vertical screws and nuts. A steel rod is installed through the middle of the top plate. On the steel rod, from top to bottom, a stiffness adjustment block, a third steel pad, a spring, a fourth steel pad, and a nut are arranged in sequence below the top plate. On the steel rod, from bottom to top, a through-hole jack, a second steel pad, a force gauge, a first steel pad, and a nut are arranged in sequence above the top plate. The stiffness adjustment block is made of cement mortar or a high-strength rubber block. Displacement gauges are symmetrically arranged above the first steel pad.

2. The anti-buoyancy anchor bearing capacity testing simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The through-hole jack is equipped with an oil inlet and an oil return nozzle.

3. The anti-buoyancy anchor bearing capacity testing simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the lifting cylinder of the through-hole jack contacts the bottom of the second steel pad.

4. The anti-buoyancy anchor bearing capacity testing simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The force gauge is equipped with a data cable.

5. A test method based on the anti-buoyancy anchor bearing capacity testing simulation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Assemble the bracket; S2. Install the through jack, the second steel pad, the force gauge, and the first steel pad in sequence above the center hole of the top plate of the bracket; then insert the steel rod in sequence, with the steel rod passing through the center hole of the top plate. S3. Install the stiffness adjustment block, the third steel pad, the spring, the fourth steel pad and the nut in sequence on the steel bar section under the top plate. S4. Install a nut on the top of the steel bar, tighten the nut to press against the first steel pad, and install displacement gauges symmetrically on the first steel pad; S5. Apply pressure to the through-hole jack, the lifting cylinder rises, the spring is compressed, record the readings of the force gauge and displacement gauge, and plot the load-displacement curve.

6. The test method according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the load-displacement curve is designed as a steeply sloping curve, the stiffness adjustment block is made of cement mortar; when the load-displacement curve is designed as a gradually changing curve, the stiffness adjustment block is made of high-strength rubber.

7. The test method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first steel pad, the second steel pad, the third steel pad, and the fourth steel pad are all provided with rod holes that match the steel rod at their centers.

8. The test method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The stiffness adjustment block has a through hole at its center for the steel rod to pass through.

9. The test method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The spring requires a pressure of no less than 700kN to be compressed by 10cm.

10. The test method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The stiffness adjustment block, when made of cement mortar, is a 150mm cube with a compressive strength of 20-30MPa.

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