Hydropower station arch dam concrete structure temperature control method and system

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and particularly relates to a temperature control method and system for a concrete structure of a hydropower station arch dam, which comprises an analysis module, a cooling module and a control module; the analysis module solves the temperature stress of the arch dam and the same cold zone height value range by establishing a finite element model of the hydropower station arch dam and using finite element numerical calculation; the cooling module comprises a water supply pump, a safety valve and a cooling pipe; and the control module accurately controls the water supply state of the water supply pump according to the calculation results of the analysis module and dynamically controls the concrete cooling process; the application selects the optimal temperature control scheme through the analysis module, determines the installation density of the cooling pipe in the concrete, accurately controls the water supply state of the water supply pump through the control module, and dynamically adjusts the water pressure and flow rate according to different positions and different periods, so as to improve the cooling controllability of the concrete structure of the hydropower station arch dam, effectively reduce the temperature difference and improve the construction quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering technology, specifically the temperature control method and system for concrete structures of arch dams in hydropower stations. Background Technology

[0002] Hydropower stations are an important component of my country's power engineering. During the construction of arch dams for hydropower stations, it is necessary to cool down the concrete of the arch dam. The usual method is to circulate water through water pipes pre-embedded inside the concrete to reduce the temperature difference between different parts of the concrete, reduce the risk of cracking of the arch dam, and improve the construction quality.

[0003] Regarding existing related technologies, the inventors believe that the following defects often exist: When constructing arch dams for hydropower stations, existing technologies simply introduce cooling water into the concrete through cooling water pipes. However, the temperature difference between different locations of the arch dam concrete is significant. Relying on existing construction methods, it is difficult to determine the installation density of cooling water pipes inside the concrete, and the water pressure and flow rate are also difficult to control dynamically. As a result, it is often difficult to achieve the desired ideal effect, leading to the appearance of micro-cracks in local areas after the concrete cools down.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides a method and system for temperature control of concrete structures in arch dams of hydropower stations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background art is solved.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: the temperature control system for concrete structure of arch dam of hydropower station described in the present invention includes an analysis module, a cooling module and a control module;

[0007] The analysis module establishes a finite element model of the hydropower station arch dam and uses finite element numerical calculation to solve for the temperature stress of the arch dam and the range of values ​​for the height of the same cold zone.

[0008] The cooling module is used to cool and reduce the temperature of the arch dam concrete structure; the cooling module includes a water supply pump, a safety valve, and cooling pipes; the cooling pipes are fixedly connected to the surface of the reinforcing steel inside the concrete;

[0009] The control module precisely controls the water supply status of the water pump and dynamically regulates the concrete cooling process based on the results calculated by the analysis module.

[0010] Existing technologies for constructing arch dams in hydropower stations simply involve introducing cooling water into the concrete through cooling water pipes. However, the temperature difference between different locations within the arch dam concrete is significant. Using existing construction methods, it is difficult to determine the optimal installation density of the cooling water pipes within the concrete, and the water pressure and flow rate are also difficult to dynamically control. This often results in failure to achieve the desired effect, leading to localized micro-cracks appearing in the concrete after cooling. This invention addresses this by using an analysis module to solve for the temperature stress of the arch dam and the range of values ​​for the height of the cooling zone, thereby selecting the optimal temperature control scheme and determining the installation density of the cooling pipes within the concrete. During cooling, a water pump introduces water into the cooling pipes to cool the concrete. Furthermore, a control module precisely controls the water supply status of the pump, dynamically adjusting the water pressure and flow rate for different locations and at different times. This improves the controllability of cooling the concrete structure of the hydropower station arch dam, effectively reduces temperature differences, and enhances construction quality.

[0011] Preferably, a connecting sleeve is provided on the outside of the cooling pipe; a retaining ring is provided on one side of the connecting sleeve, and the retaining ring is made of elastic metal material; an opening is provided on the side of the retaining ring away from the connecting sleeve and a retaining plate one and a retaining plate two are fixedly connected thereto; a socket hole is opened on the surface of the retaining plate one; a pin is fixedly connected to the surface of the retaining plate two; a set of elastic plates are evenly distributed on the surface of the pin; before concrete pouring, the cooling pipe needs to be fixed to the surface of the reinforcing steel. This operation is often carried out by using wire to tie the cooling pipe and the reinforcing steel together, which is a relatively cumbersome operation, and the end of the wire can easily injure the construction workers. At this time, the present invention can further separate the opening between the retaining plate one and the retaining plate two, and put the retaining ring on the outside of the reinforcing steel, and then pinch the retaining plate one and the retaining plate two so that the pin passes through the socket hole. When passing through, the elastic plate is squeezed by the socket hole and deforms. After that, the elastic plate is exposed on the surface of the socket hole and can be locked on the surface of the retaining plate one, realizing the rapid installation of the cooling pipe and improving construction efficiency.

[0012] Preferably, a set of rollers is rotatably connected to the inner side of the connecting sleeve, and the rollers are in contact with the surface of the cooling pipe; an installation tube is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting sleeve near the retaining ring; a sliding column is slidably connected inside the installation tube; one end of the sliding column is fixedly connected to the retaining ring, and the other end is fixedly connected to the connecting sleeve with a spring; by setting the rollers, the connecting sleeve can slide on the surface of the cooling pipe, reducing the resistance between the connecting sleeve and the cooling pipe, facilitating the adjustment of the installation position, preventing the connecting sleeve from being misaligned with the reinforcing bar, and by setting the installation tube, sliding column and spring, it is also convenient to fine-tune the distance between the cooling pipe and the reinforcing bar, further improving the convenience of construction.

[0013] Preferably, a set of elastic corrugated tubes are evenly distributed on the inner circumference of the connecting sleeve; a rubber pad is fixedly connected to one end of the corrugated tube near the axis of the connecting sleeve; a rubber ring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the retaining ring; the rubber ring has a cavity inside and stores air inside; the rubber ring and the corrugated tube are connected by a conduit; by setting the rubber ring, the retaining ring is squeezed when it is placed on the surface of the reinforcing bar, which can be applied to reinforcing bars of different sizes. The rubber ring can also increase the friction, further improving the fixing effect between the retaining ring and the reinforcing bar. When the rubber ring is squeezed, the air inside it enters the interior of multiple corrugated tubes through the conduit, causing the corrugated tubes to expand and elongate. Then, the corrugated tubes press the rubber pad tightly against the surface of the cooling pipe, so that the connecting sleeve and the cooling pipe can no longer slide relative to each other, thereby further improving the fixing effect of the cooling pipe.

[0014] Preferably, a guide rod is fixedly connected to the side of the rubber pad near the corrugated pipe; the guide rod passes through the side wall of the connecting sleeve and is slidably connected to it; by setting the guide rod, during the elongation of the corrugated pipe, the rubber pad can drive the guide rod to slide inside the side wall of the connecting sleeve, thereby limiting the corrugated pipe and the rubber pad, so that the rubber pad can vertically squeeze the cooling pipe, avoiding the problem of the corrugated pipe bending when expanding and causing the rubber pad to reduce the squeezing effect on the cooling pipe.

[0015] Preferably, an annular shell is fixedly connected to the outer side of the mounting tube; a movable ball is slidably connected inside the annular shell; a spring is provided inside the annular shell; the spring is spiral-shaped, and its inner end is fixedly connected to the mounting tube, while its outer end is fixedly connected to the movable ball; the spring is in a tightened state; a limiting hole is formed on the surface of the movable ball; a limiting pin is provided inside the limiting hole, and the limiting pin penetrates the side wall of the annular shell; a pulling mechanism is provided on the surface of the annular shell, and the pulling mechanism is used to pull the limiting pin out of the limiting hole; a retaining ring is fixedly connected to the surface of the sliding column; a set of arc-shaped spring pieces are evenly distributed around the circumference of the side of the annular shell near the retaining ring; a pressure rod is fixedly connected to the concave surface of the arc-shaped spring pieces; the pressure rod penetrates the side wall of the annular shell and is slidably connected to it, and the end of the pressure rod abuts against the surface of the retaining ring; the cooling tube is made of an elastic material. During concrete pouring, the limiting pin is pulled out of the limiting hole by the pulling mechanism. At this time, the movable ball loses its fixing effect, and the spring generates a rotational torque, causing the movable ball to move in a circular motion inside the annular shell. During the movement of the movable ball, it intermittently squeezes the arc-shaped spring, causing the arc-shaped spring to deform and reduce its bending degree, pushing the pressure rod outward. The pressure rod then squeezes the retaining ring, causing the sliding column to slide slightly inside the installation tube. After the movable ball disengages from the arc-shaped spring, the arc-shaped spring returns to its original position and retracts the pressure rod. At this time, the spring pulls the sliding column back into the installation tube. During this process, the installation tube and the sliding column can continuously slide relative to each other, thereby causing the cooling tube to vibrate. This vibration compacts the concrete around the cooling tube, reduces the gaps between the concrete, increases the concrete strength, and facilitates the subsequent cooling of the concrete by the water flow in the cooling tube, improving the heat conduction efficiency.

[0016] Preferably, the pulling mechanism includes a movable plate, and the movable plate is fixedly connected to one end of the limiting pin extending outside the annular shell; a set of expansion strips is fixedly connected between the movable plate and the annular shell; the expansion strips are made of a water-swellable material; by setting the movable plate and expansion strips, when pouring concrete, the expansion strips will absorb a small amount of water from inside the concrete, and then the expansion strips will expand and elongate after absorbing water, pushing the movable plate to move away from the annular shell, and then the movable plate will pull the limiting pin out of the limiting hole, so that the movable ball can be automatically released when pouring concrete, improving the practicality of the device, requiring less manual intervention, and simplifying the operation steps.

[0017] Preferably, a fixed shaft is fixedly connected inside the cooling pipe; a collar is rotatably connected to the outside of the fixed shaft; a set of fan blades are evenly distributed around the circumference of the collar surface; by setting the fixed shaft, collar, and fan blades, when cooling water is introduced into the cooling pipe, the water flow will drive multiple fan blades to rotate, and the rotating fan blades can agitate the water to form a spiral water flow, improving the chaotic state of the water flow, thereby facilitating heat conduction and improving the heat exchange efficiency between the water flow and the concrete.

[0018] A method for temperature control of concrete structures in arch dams of hydropower stations, employing the aforementioned temperature control system for concrete structures in arch dams of hydropower stations, includes the following steps:

[0019] S1: Establish a finite element model of the arch dam of the hydropower station, use finite element numerical calculation to solve the temperature stress of the arch dam and the range of values ​​for the height of the same cold zone, and determine the installation density of the cooling pipes inside the concrete.

[0020] S2: Before pouring concrete, the cooling pipes are fixed to the surface of the reinforcing steel according to the set density, and then the concrete is poured.

[0021] S3: Open the safety valve, and water is pumped into the cooling pipe through the water supply pump. The water supply status of the water supply pump is precisely controlled by the control module to achieve dynamic adjustment of water pressure and flow rate.

[0022] Preferably, the detailed steps of S2 are as follows:

[0023] S2a: Slide the connecting sleeve to the position aligned with the reinforcing bar, put the retaining ring on the outside of the reinforcing bar, and then pinch the first and second retaining plates to make the pin pass through the insertion hole, and the elastic piece is exposed on the surface of the insertion hole and then stuck on the surface of the first retaining plate.

[0024] S2b: Air inside the rubber ring enters the bellows through the conduit, causing the bellows to expand and elongate, pressing the rubber pad tightly against the surface of the cooling pipe, so that the connecting sleeve and the cooling pipe can no longer slide relative to each other.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0026] 1. The temperature control method and system for the concrete structure of the arch dam of a hydropower station described in this invention solves the temperature stress of the arch dam and the range of values ​​for the height of the same cold zone through an analysis module, thereby selecting the optimal temperature control scheme, determining the installation density of cooling pipes inside the concrete, and cooling the concrete by introducing water into the cooling pipes through a water supply pump during cooling. Furthermore, the water supply status of the water supply pump is precisely controlled through a control module, and the water pressure and flow rate are dynamically adjusted for different locations and at different times, thereby improving the controllability of cooling of the concrete structure of the arch dam of the hydropower station, effectively reducing the temperature difference, and improving the construction quality.

[0027] 2. The method and system for temperature control of concrete structure of arch dam in hydropower station described in this invention further separates the openings between clamping plate one and clamping plate two, and puts the retaining ring on the outside of the reinforcing bar. Then, clamping plate one and clamping plate two are pinched to make the pin pass through the insertion hole. When passing through, the elastic sheet is squeezed by the insertion hole and deforms. After that, the elastic sheet is exposed on the surface of the insertion hole and can be locked on the surface of clamping plate one, so as to realize the rapid installation of cooling pipe and improve construction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the cooling pipe in this invention;

[0031] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0032] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the connecting sleeve and retaining ring in this invention;

[0034] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of a section at point C;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the annular shell and retaining ring in this invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the annular shell in this invention;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the movable ball and the spring in this invention;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the cooling pipe in this invention;

[0039] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 12 This is a detailed schematic diagram of step S2 in this invention.

[0041] In the diagram: 1. Cooling pipe; 2. Connecting sleeve; 3. Snap ring; 4. Snap plate one; 5. Snap plate two; 6. Insertion hole; 7. Elastic sheet; 8. Roller; 9. Mounting pipe; 10. Sliding column; 11. Tension spring; 12. Bellows pipe; 13. Rubber pad; 14. Rubber ring; 15. Guide tube; 16. Guide rod; 17. Annular shell; 18. Movable ball; 19. Spring spring; 20. Limiting hole; 21. Limiting pin; 22. Retaining ring; 23. Arc-shaped spring sheet; 24. Pressure rod; 25. Movable plate; 26. Expansion strip; 27. Fixed shaft; 28. Collar; 29. ​​Fan blade; 30. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0043] like Figure 1As shown, the temperature control system for the concrete structure of the arch dam of the hydropower station includes an analysis module, a cooling module, and a control module.

[0044] The analysis module establishes a finite element model of the hydropower station arch dam and uses finite element numerical calculation to solve for the temperature stress of the arch dam and the range of values ​​for the height of the same cold zone.

[0045] The cooling module is used to cool and reduce the temperature of the arch dam concrete structure; the cooling module includes a water supply pump, a safety valve, and a cooling pipe 1; the cooling pipe 1 is fixedly connected to the surface of the reinforcing steel inside the concrete;

[0046] The control module precisely controls the water supply status of the water pump and dynamically regulates the concrete cooling process based on the results calculated by the analysis module.

[0047] Existing technologies for constructing arch dams in hydropower stations simply involve introducing cooling water into the concrete through cooling water pipes. However, the temperature difference between different locations within the arch dam concrete is significant. Relying on existing construction methods, it is difficult to determine the installation density of the cooling water pipes within the concrete, and the water pressure and flow rate are also difficult to dynamically control, often failing to achieve the desired effect and leading to localized micro-cracks in the concrete after cooling. This invention addresses this by using an analysis module to solve for the temperature stress of the arch dam and the range of values ​​for the height of the cooling zone, thereby selecting the optimal temperature control scheme and determining the installation density of cooling pipe 1 within the concrete. During cooling, a water pump introduces water into the cooling pipe 1 to cool the concrete. Furthermore, a control module precisely controls the water supply status of the pump, dynamically adjusting the water pressure and flow rate for different locations and times. This improves the controllability of cooling the concrete structure of the hydropower station arch dam, effectively reduces temperature differences, and enhances construction quality.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] like Figures 2 to 9As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, a connecting sleeve 2 is provided on the outer side of the cooling pipe 1; a retaining ring 3 is provided on one side of the connecting sleeve 2, and the retaining ring 3 is made of elastic metal material; an opening is provided on the side of the retaining ring 3 away from the connecting sleeve 2, and a retaining plate 4 and a retaining plate 5 are fixedly connected thereto; an insertion hole 6 is opened on the surface of the retaining plate 4; a pin 7 is fixedly connected to the surface of the retaining plate 5; a set of elastic plates 8 are evenly distributed on the surface of the pin 7; before concrete pouring, the cooling pipe 1 needs to be fixed to the surface of the reinforcing steel, and this operation is often... Tying the cooling pipe 1 and the reinforcing bar together with wire is a cumbersome operation, and the wire ends can easily injure construction workers. In this invention, the opening between the first clamping plate 4 and the second clamping plate 5 can be further separated, and the clamping ring 3 can be placed on the outside of the reinforcing bar. Then, the first clamping plate 4 and the second clamping plate 5 can be pinched to allow the pin 7 to pass through the insertion hole 6. When it passes through, the elastic piece 8 is deformed by the compression of the insertion hole 6. After that, the elastic piece 8 can be clamped on the surface of the first clamping plate 4 after it is exposed on the surface of the insertion hole 6, so as to realize the rapid installation of the cooling pipe 1 and improve the construction efficiency.

[0050] A set of rollers 9 are rotatably connected to the inner side of the connecting sleeve 2, and the rollers 9 are in contact with the surface of the cooling pipe 1; an installation tube 10 is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting sleeve 2 near the retaining ring 3; a sliding column 11 is slidably connected inside the installation tube 10; one end of the sliding column 11 is fixedly connected to the retaining ring 3, and the other end is fixedly connected to the connecting sleeve 2 with a tension spring 12; by setting the rollers 9, the connecting sleeve 2 can slide on the surface of the cooling pipe 1, reducing the resistance between the connecting sleeve 2 and the cooling pipe 1, facilitating the adjustment of the installation position, preventing the connecting sleeve 2 from being misaligned with the reinforcing bar, and by setting the installation tube 10, the sliding column 11 and the tension spring 12, it is also convenient to fine-tune the distance between the cooling pipe 1 and the reinforcing bar, further improving the convenience of construction.

[0051] A set of elastic corrugated tubes 13 are evenly distributed on the inner circumference of the connecting sleeve 2; a rubber pad 14 is fixedly connected to one end of the corrugated tube 13 near the axis of the connecting sleeve 2; a rubber ring 15 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the retaining ring 3; the rubber ring 15 has a cavity inside and stores air inside; the rubber ring 15 and the corrugated tube 13 are connected by a conduit 16; by setting the rubber ring 15, the retaining ring 3 is squeezed when it is placed on the surface of the steel bar, which can be applied to steel bars of different sizes. The rubber ring 15 can also increase the friction, further improving the fixing effect between the retaining ring 3 and the steel bar. When the rubber ring 15 is squeezed, the air inside it enters the interior of multiple corrugated tubes 13 through the conduit 16, causing the corrugated tubes 13 to expand and elongate. Then, the corrugated tubes 13 press the rubber pad 14 tightly against the surface of the cooling pipe 1, so that the connecting sleeve 2 and the cooling pipe 1 can no longer slide relative to each other, thereby further improving the fixing effect of the cooling pipe 1.

[0052] A guide rod 17 is fixedly connected to the side of the rubber pad 14 near the corrugated pipe 13; the guide rod 17 passes through the side wall of the connecting sleeve 2 and is slidably connected to it; by setting the guide rod 17, during the extension of the corrugated pipe 13, the rubber pad 14 can drive the guide rod 17 to slide inside the side wall of the connecting sleeve 2, thereby limiting the corrugated pipe 13 and the rubber pad 14, so that the rubber pad 14 can vertically squeeze the cooling pipe 1, avoiding the problem that the corrugated pipe 13 bends when it expands and that the squeezing effect of the rubber pad 14 on the cooling pipe 1 decreases.

[0053] An annular shell 18 is fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting tube 10; a movable ball 19 is slidably connected inside the annular shell 18; a spring-loaded spring 20 is installed inside the annular shell 18; the spring-loaded spring 20 is spiral-shaped, and its inner end is fixedly connected to the mounting tube 10, while its outer end is fixedly connected to the movable ball 19; the spring-loaded spring 20 is in a tightened state; a limiting hole 21 is formed on the surface of the movable ball 19; a limiting pin 22 is installed inside the limiting hole 21, and the limiting pin 22... The annular shell 18 is perforated through its sidewall; a pulling mechanism is provided on the surface of the annular shell 18, and the pulling mechanism is used to pull the limiting pin 22 out of the limiting hole 21; a retaining ring 23 is fixedly connected to the surface of the sliding column 11; a set of arc-shaped spring pieces 24 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the side of the annular shell 18 near the retaining ring 23; a pressure rod 25 is fixedly connected to the concave surface of the arc-shaped spring piece 24; the pressure rod 25 penetrates the sidewall of the annular shell 18 and is slidably connected to it, and the end of the pressure rod 25 abuts against the surface of the retaining ring 23; the cooling pipe 1 adopts a spring Made of a hygienic material; during concrete pouring, the limiting pin 22 is pulled out of the limiting hole 21 by the pulling mechanism. At this time, the movable ball 19 loses its fixing effect, and the spring 20 generates a rotational torque, causing the movable ball 19 to make a circular motion inside the annular shell 18. During the movement of the movable ball 19, it will intermittently compress the arc-shaped spring piece 24, causing the arc-shaped spring piece 24 to deform and reduce its bending degree, pushing the pressure rod 25 outward. In turn, the pressure rod 25 compresses the retaining ring 23, causing the sliding column 11 to move slightly inside the mounting tube 10. After sliding, the movable ball 19 disengages from the arc-shaped spring 24, the arc-shaped spring 24 resets and retracts the pressure rod 25. At this time, the tension spring 12 pulls the sliding column 11 back into the installation tube 10. During this process, the installation tube 10 and the sliding column 11 can slide relative to each other continuously, thereby driving the cooling tube 1 to vibrate. This makes the concrete around the cooling tube 1 vibrate and compact, reducing the gaps between the concrete and increasing the strength of the concrete. At the same time, it also facilitates the cooling of the concrete by the water flow in the cooling tube 1, improving the heat conduction efficiency.

[0054] The pulling mechanism includes a movable plate 26, and the movable plate 26 is fixedly connected to one end of the limiting pin 22 extending outside the annular shell 18; a set of expansion strips 27 are fixedly connected between the movable plate 26 and the annular shell 18; the expansion strips 27 are made of water-swellable material; by setting the movable plate 26 and the expansion strips 27, when pouring concrete, the expansion strips 27 will absorb a small amount of water from the inside of the concrete, and then the expansion strips 27 will expand and elongate after absorbing water, pushing the movable plate 26 to move away from the annular shell 18, and then the movable plate 26 will pull the limiting pin 22 out of the limiting hole 21, so that the movable ball 19 can be automatically released when pouring concrete, improving the practicality of the device, requiring less manual intervention, and simplifying the operation steps.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] like Figure 10 As shown in the comparative embodiment one, another embodiment of the present invention is as follows: a fixed shaft 28 is fixedly connected inside the cooling pipe 1; a collar 29 is rotatably connected to the outside of the fixed shaft 28; a set of fan blades 30 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the surface of the collar 29; by setting the fixed shaft 28, collar 29 and fan blades 30, when cooling water is introduced into the cooling pipe 1, the water flow will drive multiple fan blades 30 to rotate, and the rotating fan blades 30 can agitate the water to form a spiral water flow, improve the chaotic state of the water flow, thereby facilitating heat conduction and improving the heat exchange efficiency between the water flow and the concrete.

[0057] like Figures 11 to 12 As shown, a method for temperature control of the concrete structure of a hydropower station arch dam is described. This method uses the aforementioned temperature control system for the concrete structure of a hydropower station arch dam and includes the following steps:

[0058] S1: Establish a finite element model of the arch dam of the hydropower station, use finite element numerical calculation to solve the temperature stress of the arch dam and the range of values ​​for the height of the same cold zone, and determine the installation density of cooling pipe 1 inside the concrete.

[0059] S2: Before pouring concrete, fix cooling pipe 1 to the surface of the reinforcing steel according to the set density, and then pour concrete.

[0060] S3: Open the safety valve, and let the water flow into the cooling pipe 1 through the water supply pump. The water supply status of the water supply pump is precisely controlled by the control module to achieve dynamic adjustment of water pressure and flow rate.

[0061] The detailed steps for S2 are as follows:

[0062] S2a: Slide the connecting sleeve 2 to the position aligned with the reinforcing bar, put the retaining ring 3 on the outside of the reinforcing bar, and then pinch the retaining plate 1 4 and retaining plate 2 5 so that the pin 7 passes through the insertion hole 6, and the elastic piece 8 is exposed on the surface of the insertion hole 6 and then stuck on the surface of the retaining plate 1 4.

[0063] S2b: The air inside the rubber ring 15 enters the bellows 13 through the conduit 16, causing the bellows 13 to expand and elongate, pressing the rubber pad 14 tightly against the surface of the cooling pipe 1, so that the connecting sleeve 2 and the cooling pipe 1 can no longer slide relative to each other.

[0064] Working Principle: This invention analyzes the temperature stress of the arch dam and the range of values ​​for the height of the same cooling zone using an analysis module, thereby selecting the optimal temperature control scheme and determining the installation density of cooling pipe 1 inside the concrete. During cooling, water is pumped into the cooling pipe 1 through a water supply pump to cool the concrete. The control module precisely controls the water supply status of the pump, dynamically adjusting water pressure and flow rate for different locations and times, thus improving the controllability of cooling in the concrete structure of the hydropower station arch dam, effectively reducing temperature differences, and improving construction quality. Before concrete pouring, the cooling pipe 1 needs to be fixed to the surface of the reinforcing steel. The traditional method involves binding the cooling pipe 1 and the reinforcing bar together with wire, which is cumbersome and the wire tip can easily injure workers. This invention further separates the openings between clamping plates 4 and 5, and places the retaining ring 3 on the outside of the reinforcing bar. By squeezing clamping plates 4 and 5, the pin 7 passes through the insertion hole 6. During this process, the elastic piece 8 is deformed by the pressure of the insertion hole 6, and then, after protruding from the surface of the insertion hole 6, it can be secured to the surface of clamping plate 4, enabling rapid installation of the cooling pipe 1 and improving construction efficiency. Furthermore, by setting rollers 9, the connecting sleeve 2 can slide on the surface of the cooling pipe 1. This design reduces the resistance between the connecting sleeve 2 and the cooling pipe 1, facilitating adjustment of the installation position and preventing misalignment between the connecting sleeve 2 and the reinforcing bar. Furthermore, the installation pipe 10, sliding column 11, and tension spring 12 facilitate fine-tuning of the distance between the cooling pipe 1 and the reinforcing bar, further improving construction convenience. The rubber ring 15, when the retaining ring 3 is fitted onto the surface of the reinforcing bar, compresses the rubber ring 15, making it suitable for reinforcing bars of different sizes. The rubber ring 15 also increases friction, further enhancing the fixing effect between the retaining ring 3 and the reinforcing bar. Additionally, when the rubber ring 15 is compressed, the air inside it enters multiple [reinforcing bars] through the conduit 16. Inside the bellows 13, the bellows 13 expands and elongates, pressing the rubber pad 14 tightly against the surface of the cooling pipe 1, preventing the connecting sleeve 2 and the cooling pipe 1 from sliding relative to each other, thus further improving the fixing effect on the cooling pipe 1. By setting the guide rod 17, during the elongation of the bellows 13, the rubber pad 14 can drive the guide rod 17 to slide inside the side wall of the connecting sleeve 2, thereby limiting the bellows 13 and the rubber pad 14, so that the rubber pad 14 can vertically squeeze the cooling pipe 1, avoiding the problem of the bellows 13 bending when expanding and the rubber pad 14 reducing the squeezing effect on the cooling pipe 1.During concrete pouring, the limiting pin 22 is pulled out of the limiting hole 21 by the pulling mechanism. At this time, the movable ball 19 loses its fixing effect, and the spring 20 generates a rotational torque, causing the movable ball 19 to make circular motion inside the annular shell 18. During the movement, the movable ball 19 intermittently squeezes the arc-shaped spring 24, causing the arc-shaped spring 24 to deform and reduce its bending degree, pushing the pressure rod 25 outward. The pressure rod 25 then squeezes the retaining ring 23, causing the sliding column 11 to slide slightly inside the mounting tube 10. After the movable ball 19 disengages from the arc-shaped spring 24, the arc-shaped spring 24 returns to its original position and retracts the pressure rod 25. At this time, the tension spring 12 pulls the sliding column 11 back into the mounting tube 10. During this process, the mounting tube 10 and the sliding column 11 can continuously slide relative to each other, thereby causing the cooling pipe 1 to vibrate, making the concrete around the cooling pipe 1 vibrate and compact, reducing the gaps between the concrete, and improving the concrete quality. While enhancing strength, it also facilitates the cooling of the concrete by the water flow in the cooling pipe 1, improving heat transfer efficiency. By setting up the movable plate 26 and expansion strip 27, during concrete pouring, the expansion strip 27 absorbs a small amount of moisture from the concrete, causing it to expand and push the movable plate 26 away from the annular shell 18. This allows the movable plate 26 to pull the limiting pin 22 out of the limiting hole 21, enabling the movable ball 19 to be automatically released during concrete pouring, improving the practicality of the device and simplifying operation without excessive manual intervention. By setting up the fixed shaft 28, collar 29, and fan blades 30, when cooling water flows into the cooling pipe 1, the water flow drives multiple fan blades 30 to rotate. The rotating fan blades 30 agitate the water, forming a spiral water flow, increasing the turbulence of the water flow and facilitating heat transfer, thus improving the heat exchange efficiency between the water and the concrete.

[0065] The terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "top," and "bottom" all refer to the figures in the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 Based on the perspective of the observer, the side of the device facing the observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and so on.

[0066] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0067] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A temperature control system for the concrete structure of an arch dam in a hydropower station, characterized in that: It includes an analysis module, a cooling module, and a control module; The analysis module establishes a finite element model of the hydropower station arch dam and uses finite element numerical calculation to solve for the temperature stress of the arch dam and the range of values ​​for the height of the same cold zone. The cooling module is used to cool and reduce the temperature of the concrete structure of the arch dam; the cooling module includes a water supply pump, a safety valve and a cooling pipe (1); the cooling pipe (1) is fixedly connected to the surface of the steel reinforcement inside the concrete; The control module precisely controls the water supply status of the water pump and dynamically regulates the concrete cooling process based on the results calculated by the analysis module. A connecting sleeve (2) is provided on the outside of the cooling pipe (1); a retaining ring (3) is provided on one side of the connecting sleeve (2), and the retaining ring (3) is made of elastic metal material; an opening is provided on the side of the retaining ring (3) away from the connecting sleeve (2) and a retaining plate one (4) and a retaining plate two (5) are fixedly connected thereto; an insertion hole (6) is provided on the surface of the retaining plate one (4); a pin (7) is fixedly connected to the surface of the retaining plate two (5); a set of elastic plates (8) are evenly distributed on the surface of the pin (7); A set of rollers (9) are rotatably connected to the inner side of the connecting sleeve (2), and the rollers (9) are in contact with the surface of the cooling pipe (1); an installation tube (10) is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting sleeve (2) near the retaining ring (3); a sliding column (11) is slidably connected inside the installation tube (10); one end of the sliding column (11) is fixedly connected to the retaining ring (3), and a tension spring (12) is fixedly connected between the other end and the connecting sleeve (2); An annular shell (18) is fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting tube (10); a movable ball (19) is slidably connected inside the annular shell (18); a spring-loaded spring (20) is provided inside the annular shell (18); the spring-loaded spring (20) is spiral-shaped, and the inner end of the spring-loaded spring (20) is fixedly connected to the mounting tube (10), and the outer end of the spring-loaded spring (20) is fixedly connected to the movable ball (19); the spring-loaded spring (20) is in a tightened state; a limiting hole (21) is opened on the surface of the movable ball (19); a limiting pin (22) is provided inside the limiting hole (21), and the limiting pin (22) passes through. The annular shell (18) has a side wall; a pulling mechanism is provided on the surface of the annular shell (18), and the pulling mechanism is used to pull out the limiting pin (22) from the limiting hole (21); a retaining ring (23) is fixedly connected to the surface of the sliding column (11); a set of arc-shaped spring pieces (24) are evenly distributed on the circumference of the side of the annular shell (18) near the retaining ring (23); a pressure rod (25) is fixedly connected to the concave surface of the arc-shaped spring piece (24); the pressure rod (25) passes through the side wall of the annular shell (18) and is slidably connected to it, and the end of the pressure rod (25) abuts against the surface of the retaining ring (23); the cooling pipe (1) is made of elastic material; The pulling mechanism includes a movable plate (26), and the movable plate (26) is fixedly connected to one end of the limiting pin (22) extending outside the annular shell (18); a set of expansion strips (27) are fixedly connected between the movable plate (26) and the annular shell (18); the expansion strips (27) are made of water-swellable material.

2. The temperature control system for the concrete structure of a hydropower station arch dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: A set of elastic corrugated tubes (13) are evenly distributed on the inner circumference of the connecting sleeve (2); a rubber pad (14) is fixedly connected to one end of the corrugated tube (13) near the axis of the connecting sleeve (2); a rubber ring (15) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the retaining ring (3); a cavity is provided inside the rubber ring (15), and air is stored inside the rubber ring (15); the rubber ring (15) and the corrugated tube (13) are connected by a conduit (16).

3. The temperature control system for the concrete structure of a hydropower station arch dam according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rubber pad (14) is fixedly connected to a guide rod (17) on the side near the bellows (13); the guide rod (17) passes through the side wall of the connecting sleeve (2) and is slidably connected to it.

4. The temperature control system for the concrete structure of a hydropower station arch dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling pipe (1) is fixedly connected to a fixed shaft (28); a collar (29) is rotatably connected to the outside of the fixed shaft (28); a set of fan blades (30) are evenly distributed on the circumference of the collar (29).

5. A method for temperature control of concrete structures in arch dams of hydropower stations, wherein the method employs the temperature control system for concrete structures in arch dams of hydropower stations as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: S1: Establish a finite element model of the arch dam of the hydropower station, use finite element numerical calculation to solve the temperature stress of the arch dam and the range of values ​​for the height of the same cold zone, and determine the installation density of the cooling pipe (1) inside the concrete. S2: Before concrete pouring, the cooling pipe (1) is fixed to the surface of the reinforcing bar according to the set density. The opening between the first clamp (4) and the second clamp (5) is separated. The connecting sleeve (2) is slid to the position aligned with the reinforcing bar through the set roller (9). The clamp (3) is put on the outside of the reinforcing bar. Then the first clamp (4) and the second clamp (5) are pinched so that the pin (7) passes through the insertion hole (6). When it passes through, the elastic piece (8) is squeezed by the insertion hole (6) and deforms. Then the elastic piece (8) is exposed on the surface of the insertion hole (6) and is stuck on the surface of the first clamp (4). Then the concrete is poured. When the concrete is poured, the expansion strip (27) will absorb the water inside the concrete. Then the expansion strip (27) expands and elongates after absorbing water, pushing the movable plate (26) to move away from the annular shell (18). Then the movable plate (26) will limit the movement. The pin (22) is pulled out of the limiting hole (21), causing the movable ball (19) to lose its fixing effect. Then the spring (20) generates a rotational torque, which drives the movable ball (19) to make a circular motion inside the annular shell (18). During the movement of the movable ball (19), it will intermittently squeeze the arc-shaped spring (24), which will deform and reduce the degree of bending, pushing the pressure rod (25) outward. Then the pressure rod (25) squeezes the retaining ring (23), which drives the slide column (11) to slide inside the mounting tube (10). After the movable ball (19) is separated from the arc-shaped spring (24), the arc-shaped spring (24) resets and retracts the pressure rod (25). At this time, the tension spring (12) pulls the slide column (11) back into the mounting tube (10). During this process, the mounting tube (10) and the slide column (11) slide relative to each other continuously. S3: Open the safety valve, and let the water flow into the cooling pipe (1) through the water supply pump. The water supply status of the water supply pump is precisely controlled by the control module to achieve dynamic adjustment of water pressure and flow rate.

6. The method for temperature control of concrete structures in arch dams of hydropower stations according to claim 5, characterized in that: Step S2 also includes: when the retaining ring (3) is placed on the surface of the steel bar, it squeezes the rubber ring (15), and the air inside the rubber ring (15) enters the corrugated pipe (13) through the conduit (16), causing the corrugated pipe (13) to expand and elongate, pressing the rubber pad (14) tightly on the surface of the cooling pipe (1), so that the connecting sleeve (2) and the cooling pipe (1) can no longer slide relative to each other.

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