Method and system for communication broadband allocation for remote sensing satellite constellation

Abstract

The application discloses a communication bandwidth allocation method for a remote sensing satellite constellation, and comprises the following steps: responding to a bandwidth configuration request; determining a target load working mode according to a preset task of the remote sensing constellation; acquiring and confirming a single target data volume and a data generation period according to the target load working mode; tracking the current target and analyzing the data volume generated by the current target, and configuring a corresponding link process, and statistically outputting a data volume and a data rate of multiple satellite concurrent working; determining multiple satellite instantaneous data rates and average flows according to channel coding efficiency and frame efficiency configured in a satellite communication link, and calculating a satellite communication bandwidth, so as to calculate a data volume and a time actually generated by the load, determine a total data rate of the load in an application period, and analyze flow parameters, and then the optimization allocation of the satellite communication bandwidth is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of satellite communication technology, and in particular to a communication broadband allocation method and system for remote sensing satellite constellations. Background Technology

[0002] With the enhancement of satellite detection payload capabilities, the acquired data images can achieve higher spatial resolution, finer spectral bands, and wider image frames, all of which facilitate more refined applications. However, higher quality images mean greater satellite communication bandwidth is required. Currently, due to limitations in the existing frequency system of ground data transmission stations and the construction cycle of new stations, the data volume required for full-state payload operation cannot be fully met. To maximize the transmission and distribution of remote sensing satellite image data with limited ground station resources, it is necessary to propose a communication bandwidth allocation method for remote sensing satellite constellations to achieve the highest data transmission cost-effectiveness ratio. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a communication bandwidth allocation method and system for remote sensing satellite constellations, which enables payload data backhaul with minimal resource consumption and provides a secure, reliable and economical data transmission channel.

[0004] This invention provides a communication bandwidth allocation method for remote sensing satellite constellations, comprising:

[0005] In response to a bandwidth configuration request;

[0006] The target load working mode is determined based on the preset mission of the remote sensing constellation;

[0007] The amount of data for a single target and the period of data generation are acquired and confirmed according to the target load working mode.

[0008] The target is tracked and the amount of data generated by the target is analyzed. The corresponding link process is configured and the data volume and data rate of multi-satellite concurrent operation are statistically output.

[0009] Based on the channel coding efficiency and frame efficiency configured in the satellite communication link, the instantaneous data rate and average traffic of multiple satellites are determined, the satellite communication bandwidth is calculated, and the actual amount of data and time generated by the payload are calculated. The total data rate of the payload in an application cycle is determined and the traffic parameters are analyzed, thereby realizing the optimized allocation of satellite communication bandwidth.

[0010] As an optimization, the target load working modes include a search and discovery mode, a load autonomous planning mode, a trajectory tracking mode, and an identification and confirmation mode. That is, the optical load images a designated area to form a target search and discovery mode, autonomously plans the load, and identifies and confirms the searched targets. During the search process, the generated target data and echo data are transmitted to the ground station to complete the search, discovery, identification and confirmation of the target of interest and form a series of target modes.

[0011] As an optimization, the link process includes a first transmission link between constellations and a second transmission link between satellite and ground, the paths of which are determined by the constellation configuration and the distribution of ground data stations.

[0012] As an optimization, the satellite communication bandwidth includes inter-satellite transmission bandwidth and satellite-to-ground transmission bandwidth, and each transmission bandwidth needs to be determined in combination with link flow and data rate.

[0013] Ideally, the instantaneous data rate of the multi-satellite system is the data rate at which multiple satellites are transmitted concurrently and aggregated into a single satellite, and its average value is greater than the maximum data rate in any of the target payload operating modes.

[0014] As an optimization, the process of tracking the current target, analyzing the amount of data generated by the current target, configuring the corresponding link process, and statistically outputting the data volume and data rate of multi-satellite concurrent operation includes:

[0015] Calculate the amount of data for a single satellite operation:

[0016] Analyzing the amount of data generated by search discovery patterns:

[0017] Based on the imaging mode of 50m×500m / 200km×200km, the target data generation rate is 2Gbps, the time is 3s / time, a total of 2 times, and the search data volume is 12Gb.

[0018] Analyze the amount of data generated by the identification and confirmation pattern:

[0019] Imaging mode 50m / 40km×40km, target data generation data rate 0.5Gbps, time 4s / shot, total 1 shot, imaging data volume 2Gb;

[0020] Analyze the target data volume:

[0021] The target data volume generated by a single satellite in a single access is 1Mb, the data generation period is 20s, and the average target data rate of a single satellite is 50kbps.

[0022] As an optimization, in the preset mission of the remote sensing constellation, the data rate of the echo data generated in the search and discovery mode is equal to the data rate of the target data generated in the imaging mode * the search and discovery mission data generation cycle time * the interval time.

[0023] As an optimization, in the preset tasks of the remote sensing constellation, the data rate of the echo data generated in the identification and confirmation mode is equal to the data rate of the target data generated in the imaging mode * the data generation cycle time of the identification and confirmation task * the interval time.

[0024] As an optimization, the channel coding efficiency and frame efficiency are calculated at 80% of their respective efficiencies.

[0025] This invention provides a communication broadband allocation system for remote sensing satellite constellations, comprising:

[0026] The response module is used to respond to bandwidth configuration requests;

[0027] The mode confirmation module is used to determine the target payload working mode based on the preset mission of the remote sensing constellation.

[0028] The data acquisition module is used to acquire and confirm the data volume and data generation cycle of a single target according to the target load working mode, track the current target and analyze the data volume generated by the current target, configure the corresponding link process, and statistically output the data volume and data rate of multiple satellites working concurrently.

[0029] The results output module is used to determine the instantaneous data rate and average flow of multiple satellites based on the channel coding efficiency and frame efficiency configured in the satellite communication link, calculate the satellite communication bandwidth, thereby calculating the actual amount of data and time generated by the payload, determining the total data rate of the payload in an application cycle and analyzing the flow parameters, and thus realizing the optimized allocation of satellite communication bandwidth.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] This invention specifically addresses bandwidth conservation by optimizing the overall communication bandwidth allocation of a satellite constellation based on the operational modes of individual satellites and the concurrent data volume of multiple satellites. According to the mission planning of the remote sensing constellation, the specific application process of the payloads is determined, the actual data volume and time generated by the payloads are calculated, the total data rate of the payloads in an application cycle is determined, and peak and average traffic are analyzed. Based on this analysis, the satellite communication bandwidth is optimized for allocation, saving valuable frequency resources. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for allocating communication bandwidth for a remote sensing satellite constellation, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the application process and total data rate analysis of the load steady-state detection and tracking target provided in this embodiment of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] The primary task of the remote sensing satellite constellation involved in this invention is to image a designated area using optical payloads, enabling the search and detection of targets such as vehicles, ships, and aircraft. The payload then autonomously plans and identifies and confirms the detected targets. During this process, the generated target data and echo data need to be promptly transmitted to ground stations to complete the search, detection, and identification of targets of interest. Therefore, the communication bandwidth of the remote sensing satellite constellation needs to be configured according to the above application scenario envelope to achieve payload data backhaul with minimal resource consumption, providing a secure, reliable, and economical data transmission channel.

[0036] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the present invention provides a communication bandwidth allocation method for a remote sensing satellite constellation, comprising:

[0037] S1: Responding to a bandwidth configuration request;

[0038] S2: Determine the target payload's operating mode based on the preset tasks of the remote sensing constellation. In this embodiment, the preset tasks of the remote sensing constellation employ a payload application process, which includes search and discovery, autonomous payload planning, trajectory tracking, and identification confirmation. The duration of each of these payload application processes—search and discovery, autonomous payload planning, trajectory tracking, and identification confirmation—is determined by the payload's field of view area, spatial resolution, and onboard computer performance. The onboard computer performance determines the time required for autonomous payload planning, thus affecting the overall payload application process time and data rate.

[0039] S3: Acquire and confirm the amount of data for a single target and the period of data generation according to the target load working mode;

[0040] S4: Track the target and analyze the amount of data generated by the target, configure the corresponding link process, and output the data volume and data rate of multiple satellites working concurrently; the link process includes the transmission link between constellations and the transmission link between satellites and ground, and the specific path is determined by the constellation configuration and the distribution of ground data stations.

[0041] S5: Determine the instantaneous data rate and average throughput of multiple satellites based on the channel coding efficiency and frame efficiency configured in the satellite communication link. Calculate the satellite communication bandwidth, thereby calculating the actual data volume and time generated by the payload. Determine the total data rate of the payload in one application cycle and analyze the throughput parameters to achieve optimized allocation of satellite communication bandwidth. Combine data format overhead and coding efficiency to determine the instantaneous data rate of multiple satellites; the data format overhead and coding efficiency are determined by the actual link usage and can generally be calculated as 80%.

[0042] Satellite communication bandwidth is calculated using the following formula: Communication bandwidth = Data line width * Transmission line clock frequency * Number of data transmissions per clock pulse / 8. This satellite communication bandwidth includes inter-satellite transmission bandwidth and satellite-to-ground transmission bandwidth; the specific bandwidth needs to be determined in conjunction with the link flow and data rate. The link flow includes transmission links between constellations and transmission links between satellites and ground stations; the specific paths are determined by the constellation configuration and the distribution of ground data stations.

[0043] In one embodiment, the multi-satellite instantaneous data rate is the data rate at which multiple satellites are transmitted concurrently and aggregated into a single satellite, and its average value is greater than the maximum data rate in any of the target payload operating modes.

[0044] In this embodiment of the invention, the application process of payload steady-state detection and target tracking is taken as an example. Based on the analysis of the amount of tracking data for a single target, the link process is given: Assuming there are 5 satellites in the constellation with an inter-satellite distance of 20,000 km, when a single satellite is working, it first searches and discovers the target to achieve the discovery and classification of the target. Then, a high-resolution urban and rural model is used to identify and confirm the classified target.

[0045] The data volume for a single satellite operation will be calculated first.

[0046] Search findings and data volume analysis:

[0047] Based on the imaging mode of 50m×500m / 200km×200km, data rate of 2Gbps, time of 3s / time, for a total of 2 times, the search data volume is 12Gb;

[0048] Identification and confirmation data volume analysis:

[0049] Imaging mode 50m / 40km×40km, 0.5Gbps, time 4s / shot, 1 shot in total, imaging data volume 2Gb.

[0050] Target data volume analysis:

[0051] The target data volume generated by a single satellite in a single access is approximately 1Mb, the data generation period is 20s, and the average target data rate of a single satellite is 50kbps.

[0052] Next, calculate the amount of data generated by multiple stars working concurrently.

[0053] The total amount of raw echo data generated by a single satellite in a single visit is approximately 14Gb. Ignoring the target data volume, redundant coverage is performed later. The data generation cycle is 20s, with an average data rate of 0.7Gbps. The total amount of echo data generated by 5 satellites concurrently is approximately 70Gb, so the total echo data rate is 3.5Gbps.

[0054] Finally, the actual satellite communication bandwidth is calculated.

[0055] For a 5-satellite ring network, at most one satellite can be visible within the territory at any given time. This satellite is responsible for data transmission, carrying out data routed from itself and other satellites to the territory. Assume the inter-satellite link communication bandwidth is x Gbps, and the satellite-to-ground data transmission channel bandwidth is y Gbps, where y > x, to ensure all data can be transmitted back. Considering that the echo data generated by the satellite can be directly transmitted downlink, occupying 0.7 Gbps, there is still y - 0.7 Gbps remaining for forwarding data from other satellites. Considering an inter-satellite transmission distance of 20,000 km, a transmission delay of 0.7 / x, a space propagation delay of 0.67 s, and adding the forwarding processing delay, the estimated total single-hop transmission delay is 0.7 / x + 0.8 s. With a maximum of two backhauls to the territory under the 5-satellite topology, the transmission delay is 2 * (0.7 / x + 0.8) s. The satellite-to-ground data transmission delay is 0.7 * 4 / (y - 0.7) s, and the propagation delay, calculated by dividing the orbital altitude by the speed of light, can be estimated as 1 s. In engineering practice, it is generally considered that inter-satellite transmission delay and satellite-to-ground transmission delay need to be less than 5 seconds to achieve near real-time transmission. Therefore, there are

[0056] 2·(0.7 / x+0.8)+0.7*4 / (y-0.7)+1<5

[0057] The engineering application requirements for inter-satellite link bandwidth and data transmission bandwidth can be obtained from the above formulas. For example, if x = 1 and y = 3.5, then the inter-satellite link bandwidth is 1Gbps and the data transmission channel bandwidth is 3.5Gbps.

[0058] Furthermore, channel coding and frame format overhead need to be considered when using satellite communication links. For high-speed echo links, 7 / 8LDPC or 5 / 6LDPC channel coding is generally used, with a coding efficiency of up to 83%. Echo data is mainly in long frames, and the overhead of frame headers and parity bits is negligible. The overall frame efficiency can be estimated at 80%. Therefore, the inter-satellite link bandwidth can be set to 1.25Gbps, and the data transmission channel bandwidth to 4.4Gbps.

[0059] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, a method for allocating satellite communication bandwidth based on payload application process is provided. Based on the specific application mode of the probe payload, the actual amount of data and time generated by the payload are accurately calculated, the total data rate of the payload in an application cycle is calculated, and then the satellite communication bandwidth is accurately allocated accordingly, saving valuable frequency resources.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for allocating communication bandwidth for remote sensing satellite constellations, characterized in that, include: In response to a bandwidth configuration request; The target load working mode is determined based on the preset mission of the remote sensing constellation; According to the target load working mode, the amount of data and the period of data generation of a single target are acquired and confirmed. The target load working mode includes a search and discovery mode, a load autonomous planning mode, a trajectory tracking mode and an identification and confirmation mode. That is, the optical load images a specified area to form a target search and discovery, autonomous planning of the load, identification and confirmation of the searched target, and during the search process, the generated target data and echo data are transmitted to the ground station to complete the search, discovery and identification of the target of interest and form a series of target modes. The target is tracked, the amount of data generated by the target is analyzed, the corresponding process flow is configured, and the data volume and data rate of multiple satellites working concurrently are statistically output, including: Calculate the amount of data for a single satellite operation: Analyzing the amount of data generated by search discovery patterns: Based on the imaging mode of 50m×500m / 200km×200km, the target data generation rate is 2Gbps, the time is 3s / time, a total of 2 times, and the search data volume is 12Gb. Analyze the amount of data generated by the identification and confirmation pattern: Imaging mode 50m / 40km×40km, target data generation data rate 0.5Gbps, time 4s / shot, total 1 shot, imaging data volume 2Gb; Analyze the target data volume: The target data volume generated by a single satellite in a single access is 1Mb, the data generation period is 20s, and the average target data rate of a single satellite is 50kbps. The link process includes a first transmission link between constellations and a second transmission link between satellite and ground. The paths of the first transmission link and the second transmission link are determined by the constellation configuration and the distribution of ground data stations. Based on the channel coding efficiency and frame efficiency configured in the satellite communication link, the instantaneous data rate and average traffic of multiple satellites are determined, the satellite communication bandwidth is calculated, and the actual amount of data and time generated by the payload are calculated. The total data rate of the payload in an application cycle is determined and the traffic parameters are analyzed, thereby realizing the optimized allocation of satellite communication bandwidth.

2. The communication broadband allocation method for remote sensing satellite constellations as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The satellite communication bandwidth includes inter-satellite transmission bandwidth and satellite-to-ground transmission bandwidth, and each transmission bandwidth needs to be determined in conjunction with the link process and data rate.

3. The communication broadband allocation method for remote sensing satellite constellations as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The instantaneous data rate of the multi-satellite system is the data rate at which multiple satellites transmit concurrently and aggregate to a single satellite, and its average value is greater than the maximum data rate in any of the target payload operating modes.

4. The communication broadband allocation method for remote sensing satellite constellations as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The channel coding efficiency and frame efficiency are calculated as 80% of their own efficiency.

5. A communication broadband allocation system for a remote sensing satellite constellation, characterized in that, Implementing the communication bandwidth allocation method for remote sensing satellite constellations as described in claims 1 to 4, comprising: The response module is used to respond to bandwidth configuration requests; The mode confirmation module is used to determine the target payload working mode based on the preset mission of the remote sensing constellation. The data acquisition module is used to acquire and confirm the data volume and data generation cycle of a single target according to the target load working mode, track the current target and analyze the data volume generated by the current target, configure the corresponding link process, and statistically output the data volume and data rate of multiple satellites working concurrently. The results output module is used to determine the instantaneous data rate and average flow of multiple satellites based on the channel coding efficiency and frame efficiency configured in the satellite communication link, calculate the satellite communication bandwidth, thereby calculating the actual amount of data and time generated by the payload, determining the total data rate of the payload in an application cycle and analyzing the flow parameters, and thus realizing the optimized allocation of satellite communication bandwidth.

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