Arc extinguishing device and direct current switch

Abstract

The application discloses an arc extinguishing device and a direct current switch. The arc extinguishing device comprises a first insulated gate field effect transistor, a driving circuit, a switch state acquisition circuit, an auxiliary power supply circuit and an arc extinguishing power supply circuit. The arc extinguishing power supply circuit is used for providing a first driving signal for the switch state acquisition circuit when the switch is in a conducting state. The switch state acquisition circuit supplies power for the driving circuit based on the first driving signal when the switch is in the conducting state. The auxiliary power supply circuit provides a second driving signal for the switch state acquisition circuit when the switch is in an open state. The switch state acquisition circuit also supplies power for the driving circuit based on the second driving signal when the switch is in the open state. The first insulated gate field effect transistor is used for maintaining a short conducting state to consume an arc when the switch is switched from the conducting state to the open state. The application solves the technical problems of a complex structure, high setting cost or poor arc extinguishing effect of a two-wire direct current switch arc extinguishing device in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of switch protection, and more specifically, to an arc extinguishing device and a DC switch. Background Technology

[0002] Due to the low cost of long-distance transmission and storage of direct current (DC), its application in household appliances is gradually becoming more widespread. Currently, research on two-wire DC arc-proof switches is limited. The biggest challenge facing DC switches and sockets is how to prevent arcing from burning the product. Under 400V DC input, a two-wire wall switch will exhibit an arcing phenomenon at the moment of disconnection, which will oxidize and corrode metal contacts, increase contact resistance, and generate additional heat, posing a safety hazard to the product and causing psychological fear for users.

[0003] Research on arc suppression via switches in related technologies mainly falls into three categories. One is the use of a three-wire arc-extinguishing switch. However, this scheme involves DC switches with both positive and negative inputs and outputs, resulting in complex wiring. Furthermore, this type of scheme typically employs a dual-switch design, leading to large size and making it uncommon. Another is DC arc suppression based on electronic switches. However, this method adds three contacts and uses resistors to discharge arcs in stages, resulting in a complex structure, low reliability, and no practical application. A third method utilizes relays for arc suppression. However, relays are large, costly, and have a time delay, making complete arc suppression impossible.

[0004] There is currently no effective solution to the problems of complex structure, high installation cost, or poor arc extinguishing effect of the two-wire DC switch arc extinguishing device mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an arc-extinguishing device and a DC switch, which at least solves the technical problems of complex structure, high installation cost, or poor arc-extinguishing effect of two-wire DC switch arc-extinguishing devices in related technologies.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, an arc-extinguishing device is provided, applied to a switch, one end of which is connected to a positive input terminal of a power supply, and the other end of which is connected to a positive output terminal of a power supply. The arc-extinguishing device includes: a first insulated-gate field-effect transistor (IGFET), a driving circuit, a switch state acquisition circuit, an auxiliary power supply circuit, and an arc-extinguishing power supply circuit. The first IGFET is connected in parallel with the switch. The driving circuit is connected to the first IGFET. The switch state acquisition circuit is connected to the positive output terminal of the power supply, the driving circuit, and a ground terminal. The auxiliary power supply circuit is connected to the positive input terminal of the power supply, the switch state acquisition circuit, and the ground terminal. The arc-extinguishing power supply circuit is connected to the positive output terminal of the power supply, the auxiliary power supply circuit, and the ground terminal. When the switch is closed, the first IGFET is open. The arc-extinguishing power supply circuit is used to... When the switch is in the ON state, a first drive signal is provided to the switch state acquisition circuit. The switch state acquisition circuit, when the switch is in the ON state, supplies power to the drive circuit based on the first drive signal, so that the drive circuit controls the first insulated-gate field-effect transistor (IGFET) to be in a pre-ON state. The auxiliary power supply circuit, when the switch is in the OFF state, provides a second drive signal to the switch state acquisition circuit. The switch state acquisition circuit is also used to supply power to the drive circuit based on the second drive signal when the switch is in the OFF state, so that the drive circuit controls the first IGFET to be in a pre-ON state. The first IGFET is used to switch from the pre-ON state to the ON state when the switch changes from the ON state to the OFF state, and to switch from the ON state to the OFF state when the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor in the switch state acquisition circuit is less than a preset energy threshold.

[0007] According to another aspect of the present invention, a DC switch is also provided, the DC switch including a switch, a positive input terminal of a power supply, a positive output terminal of a power supply, and any one of the above-mentioned arc extinguishing devices, one end of the switch being connected to the positive input terminal of the power supply, the other end of the switch being connected to the positive output terminal of the power supply, and the arc extinguishing device being connected in parallel with the switch.

[0008] In this embodiment of the invention, an arc-extinguishing device is provided for a switch. One end of the switch is connected to the positive input terminal of a power supply, and the other end of the switch is connected to the positive output terminal of a power supply. The arc-extinguishing device includes: a first insulated-gate field-effect transistor (IGFET), a driving circuit, a switch state acquisition circuit, an auxiliary power supply circuit, and an arc-extinguishing power supply circuit. The first IGFET is connected in parallel with the switch. The driving circuit is connected to the first IGFET. The switch state acquisition circuit is connected to the positive output terminal of the power supply, the driving circuit, and the ground terminal. The auxiliary power supply circuit is connected to the positive input terminal of the power supply, the switch state acquisition circuit, and the ground terminal. The arc-extinguishing power supply circuit is connected to the positive output terminal of the power supply, the auxiliary power supply circuit, and the ground terminal. When the switch is closed, the first IGFET is open. The arc-extinguishing power supply circuit provides a first driving signal to the switch state acquisition circuit when the switch is on. The switch state acquisition circuit provides a driving signal to the driving circuit based on the first driving signal when the switch is on. The circuit provides power to the drive circuit so that the first insulated gate field-effect transistor is in a pre-conducting state. The auxiliary power supply circuit provides a second drive signal to the switch state acquisition circuit when the switch is in the off state. The switch state acquisition circuit also provides power to the drive circuit based on the second drive signal when the switch is in the off state, so that the drive circuit controls the first insulated gate field-effect transistor to be in a pre-conducting state. The first insulated gate field-effect transistor is used to switch from the pre-conducting state to the conducting state when the switch changes from the conducting state to the off state, and to switch from the conducting state to the off state when the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor in the switch state acquisition circuit is less than a preset energy threshold. This achieves the purpose of absorbing residual current in the circuit by controlling the brief conduction of the bypass (first insulated gate field-effect transistor) at the moment the switch is opened, thus avoiding the occurrence of arc. This simplifies the structure of the DC switch arc extinguishing device while improving the arc extinguishing effect, thereby solving the technical problems of complex structure, high installation cost, or poor arc extinguishing effect of the two-wire DC switch arc extinguishing device in the related technology. Attached Figure Description

[0009] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an arc-extinguishing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the connection between an optional switch control circuit and an arc-extinguishing power supply circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an optional auxiliary power supply circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an optional driving circuit and a switch state acquisition circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an optional arc-extinguishing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a DC switch according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of an arc extinguishing device is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an arc-extinguishing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 1As shown, the arc-extinguishing device is applied to switch 10. One end of switch 10 is connected to the positive input terminal 11 of the power supply, and the other end of switch 10 is connected to the positive output terminal 12 of the power supply. The arc-extinguishing device includes: a first insulated-gate field-effect transistor 13, a driving circuit 14, a switch state acquisition circuit 15, an auxiliary power supply circuit 16, and an arc-extinguishing power supply circuit 17. The first insulated-gate field-effect transistor 13 is connected in parallel with switch 10; the driving circuit 14 is connected to the first insulated-gate field-effect transistor; the switch state acquisition circuit 15 is connected to the positive output terminal 12 of the power supply, the driving circuit 14, and the ground terminal; the auxiliary power supply circuit 16 is connected to the positive input terminal 11 of the power supply, the switch state acquisition circuit 15, and the ground terminal; the arc-extinguishing power supply circuit 17 is connected to the positive output terminal 12 of the power supply, the auxiliary power supply circuit 16, and the ground terminal. When switch 10 is closed, the first insulated-gate field-effect transistor 13 is open.

[0020] The arc-extinguishing power supply circuit 17 is used to provide a first driving signal to the switch state acquisition circuit 15 when the switch 10 is in the on state; the switch state acquisition circuit 15 is used to supply power to the drive circuit 14 based on the first driving signal when the switch 10 is in the on state, so that the drive circuit 14 controls the first insulated gate field-effect transistor 13 to be in the pre-on state; the auxiliary power supply circuit 16 is used to provide a second driving signal to the switch state acquisition circuit 15 when the switch 10 is in the off state; the switch state acquisition circuit 15 is also used to supply power to the drive circuit 14 based on the second driving signal when the switch 10 is in the off state, so that the drive circuit 14 controls the first insulated gate field-effect transistor 13 to be in the pre-on state; the first insulated gate field-effect transistor 13 is used to switch from the pre-on state to the on state when the switch 10 switches from the on state to the off state, and to switch from the on state to the off state when the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor in the switch state acquisition circuit 15 is less than a preset energy threshold. It can be understood that the aforementioned switch 10 is a two-wire DC switch, that is, it has only one positive power input terminal 11 and one positive power output terminal 12, and no ground terminal. The aforementioned first insulated gate field-effect transistor 13 (i.e., MOSFET Q1) is an N-type high-voltage, high-current semiconductor device, which only needs to be kept on briefly and only works during the arc suppression moment.

[0021] Optionally, both the arc-extinguishing power supply circuit 17 and the auxiliary power supply circuit 16 are used to provide drive signals to the switch state acquisition circuit 15. That is, the switch state acquisition circuit 15 can only work normally and provide energy to the drive circuit 14 when a drive signal is present and the power supply is available. The switch state acquisition circuit 15 includes an energy storage capacitor. Furthermore, the arc-extinguishing power supply circuit 17 only operates when the switch 10 is on, and the auxiliary power supply circuit 16 only operates when the switch 10 is off.

[0022] Optionally, in the arc-extinguishing device provided in this embodiment of the invention, the first insulated-gate field-effect transistor 13 is connected in parallel with the switch 10. It is only briefly turned on when the switch 10 changes from a closed state to an open state, so that the residual current in the circuit after the switch 10 is turned off is absorbed by the branch where the first insulated-gate field-effect transistor 13 is located, thereby avoiding the generation of an electric arc in the circuit and thus protecting the switch 10. The specific implementation process is as follows: When the switch 10 is in the closed state, the arc-extinguishing power supply circuit 17 provides a drive signal to the switch state acquisition circuit 15, so that the switch 10 maintains its normal operation while supplying power to the drive circuit 14. Under the action of the drive circuit 14, the first insulated-gate field-effect transistor 13 is in a pre-conducting state. When switch 10 changes from closed to open, the arc-extinguishing power supply circuit 17 is disconnected, the auxiliary power supply circuit 16 is turned on and begins to provide a drive signal to the switch state acquisition circuit 15. Simultaneously, due to the opening of switch 10, the power supply voltage gradually decreases. When it drops to a certain level (e.g., 390V), the first insulated-gate field-effect transistor 13 is turned on, and the energy storage capacitor in the switch state acquisition circuit 15 begins to discharge. When the voltage in the energy storage capacitor falls below the corresponding preset voltage threshold, the first insulated-gate field-effect transistor 13 is turned off, and the entire arc-extinguishing process ends. Through this method, the residual current in the circuit can be absorbed by briefly turning on the bypass (first insulated-gate field-effect transistor 13) at the moment switch 10 is opened, thus preventing the occurrence of an arc. This achieves the technical effect of simplifying the structure of the DC switch arc-extinguishing device while improving the arc-extinguishing effect, thereby solving the technical problems of complex structure, high installation cost, or poor arc-extinguishing effect in related two-wire DC switch arc-extinguishing devices.

[0023] In one alternative embodiment, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between an optional switch control circuit 18 and an arc-extinguishing power supply circuit 17 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2As shown, the arc-extinguishing device further includes a switch control circuit 18, and the arc-extinguishing power supply circuit 17 includes an operational amplifier circuit 171 and a first voltage regulator circuit 172. The switch control circuit 18 is connected to the operational amplifier circuit 171, and the operational amplifier circuit 171 is connected to the first voltage regulator circuit 172. The operational amplifier circuit 171 is used to provide a switch control signal to the switch control circuit 18 when the switch 10 is in the closed state. The switch control circuit 18 is used to control the first voltage regulator circuit 172 to output the first drive signal based on the switch control signal provided by the operational amplifier circuit 171.

[0024] Optionally, the aforementioned switch control circuit 18 includes a second insulated-gate field-effect transistor (IGFET) Q7. Based on the brief conduction effect of the second IGFET Q7, it is linked with the arc-extinguishing power supply circuit 17 to control the circuit, so that the arc-extinguishing power supply circuit 17 outputs a stable first drive signal to the aforementioned switch state acquisition circuit 15. Specifically, the arc-extinguishing power supply circuit 17 includes an operational amplifier circuit 171 and a first voltage regulator circuit 172. After the switch 10 starts to switch from the open state to the closed state, the switch control circuit 18 is not immediately powered on. The operational amplifier circuit 171 is powered on, and when the output voltage of the operational amplifier reaches a preset first voltage threshold, the switch control circuit 18 is controlled to conduct. After the switch control circuit 18 is turned on, the voltage across it will cause the input voltage of the operational amplifier circuit 171 to drop, which in turn causes the output voltage of the operational amplifier circuit 171 to drop. When the output voltage of the operational amplifier circuit 171 drops to a certain level, the switch control circuit 18 is turned off, and the operational amplifier circuit 171 returns to its initial power-on state. This process is repeated cyclically. It can be seen that the switch control circuit 18 is in a state of switching between closed and open when the switch 10 is closed. The switch control circuit 18 and the operational amplifier circuit 171 cooperate with each other and finally output a stable first drive signal after passing through the first voltage regulator circuit 172, thereby achieving the purpose of ensuring a stable first drive voltage signal output.

[0025] In an alternative embodiment, it remains as follows Figure 2 As shown, the switch control circuit 18 includes: a second insulated-gate field-effect transistor Q7, a first Zener diode ZD3, and a first resistor R15. The source of the second insulated-gate field-effect transistor Q7 (i.e., MOSFET Q7) is connected to the positive input terminal 11 of the power supply. The drain of the second insulated-gate field-effect transistor Q7 is connected to the ground terminal. The gate of the second insulated-gate field-effect transistor Q7 is connected to the anode of the first Zener diode ZD3 and one end of the first resistor R15. The cathode of the first Zener diode ZD3 is connected to the source of the second insulated-gate field-effect transistor Q7. The other end of the first resistor R15 is connected to the ground terminal.

[0026] Optionally, the cathode of the first Zener diode ZD3 and the source of the second insulated-gate field-effect transistor Q7 are connected by a diode D6.

[0027] Optionally, MOSFET Q7 is a low-voltage, high-current power transistor that draws power from the arc-extinguishing power supply circuit 17. It is small in size and, together with the arc-extinguishing power supply circuit 17, draws power from the switch state acquisition circuit 15. The first Zener diode ZD3 is a protective Zener diode for the drive electrode of MOSFET Q7. When the voltage of the first Zener diode ZD3 reaches 15V, MOSFET Q7 will be forced to conduct, thus protecting MOSFET Q7.

[0028] Optionally, the switch control circuit 18 consists of a second insulated-gate field-effect transistor (IGFET) Q7, a first Zener diode ZD3, and a first resistor R15. Due to the presence of the second IGFET Q7, the switch control circuit 18 does not immediately power on after the switch 10 begins to switch from the open state to the closed state. Utilizing the brief conduction effect of the IGFET, the switch control circuit 18 automatically switches between the on and off states when the switch 10 is closed. Combined with the operational amplifier circuit 171, this achieves a stable output of the second operational amplifier signal. The first Zener diode ZD3 and the first resistor R15 serve to stabilize and protect the circuit.

[0029] In an alternative embodiment, it remains as follows Figure 2As shown, the operational amplifier circuit 171 includes: a first capacitor C7, a second resistor R13, a first transistor Q8, a third resistor R16, a first operational amplifier U3, a fourth resistor R18, a fifth resistor R14, a sixth resistor R17, a first diode D5, a second diode D7, a second Zener diode ZD4, a second capacitor C9, and a first electrolytic capacitor EC2. One end of the first capacitor C7 is connected to the cathode of the first Zener diode ZD3, and the other end of the first capacitor C7 is connected to the ground terminal. One end of the second resistor R13 is connected to the gate of the second insulated-gate field-effect transistor Q7, and the other end of the second resistor R13 is connected to the third resistor R16 and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier U3. The other end of the third resistor R16 is connected to the base of the first transistor Q8, and the emitter of the first transistor Q8 is connected to the ground terminal. The collector of the first transistor Q8 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R18. The other end of the fourth resistor R18 is connected to the negative input terminal of the first operational amplifier U3 and one end of the fifth resistor R14. The positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier U3 is connected to one end of the sixth resistor R17, one end of the second capacitor C9, and the positive terminal of the second Zener diode ZD4. The other ends of the sixth resistor R17 and the second capacitor C9 are connected to the ground terminal. The negative terminal of the second Zener diode ZD4 is connected to the positive terminals of the first diode D5 and the second diode D7. The negative terminal of the first diode D5 is connected to the first voltage regulator circuit 172. The negative terminal of the second diode D7 is connected to the ground terminal. The other end of the fifth resistor R14 is connected to the auxiliary power supply circuit 16.

[0030] Optionally, the switch control circuit 18 receives a drive control signal from the operational amplifier circuit 171 through the gate of the second insulated-gate field-effect transistor Q7. The operational amplifier circuit 171 receives a drive control signal from the auxiliary power supply circuit 16 through the other end of the fifth resistor R14, which is used to provide power for the operation of the first operational amplifier U3.

[0031] Optional, such as Figure 2As shown, the operational amplifier circuit 171 in the arc extinguishing power supply circuit 17 mainly consists of a first operational amplifier U3 and a first transistor Q8. The voltage at point A continuously rises. When point A reaches 3.3 + 6.2 = 9.5V, that is, when point B reaches 3.3V, pin 4 of the first operational amplifier U3 outputs a high level, driving the MOSFET Q7 to conduct. At the instant the first operational amplifier U3 outputs a high level at pin 4, the first transistor Q8 also conducts, and at this time, pin 3 of the first operational amplifier U3 drops from 3.3V to 2V. When the MOSFET Q7 conducts, point B will also gradually decrease. As long as the voltage at point B is greater than the voltage at pin 3 of the first operational amplifier U3, pin 4 of the first operational amplifier U3 will output a high level. Finally, when the voltage at point B drops to below 2V, the first operational amplifier U3 outputs a low level at pin 4, the MOSFET Q7 stops conducting, and at this time, the voltage at pin 3 of the first operational amplifier U3 returns to 3.3V. Once the first operational amplifier U3 stops conducting, Point B starts to rise again. This cycle continues. During the conduction of MOSFET Q7, a 6V voltage is generated through the third operational amplifier U1 to provide conduction energy for the sixth transistor Q6, thus complementing the operation of the auxiliary power supply circuit 16.

[0032] Optionally, when switch 10 is closed, the auxiliary power supply circuit 16 stops working. Due to the freewheeling effect of the fourth electrolytic capacitor C2 and the sixth capacitor C3 in the auxiliary power supply circuit 16, the 10V reserve power supply for the drive circuit 14 of MOSFET Q1 is still present; the 3.3V reference voltage at pin 3 of the first operational amplifier U3 is also still present. When the voltage at pin 1 of the first operational amplifier U3, that is, the Point B voltage, reaches 3.3V, it drives MOSFET Q7 to conduct, which is higher than the output level of the first operational amplifier U3. At this time, the arc extinguishing power supply circuit 17 stops drawing power.

[0033] In an alternative embodiment, it remains as follows Figure 2 As shown, the first voltage regulator circuit 172 includes: a second electrolytic capacitor EC1, a first three-terminal voltage regulator U2, a third capacitor C8, and a third diode D4. The positive terminal of the second electrolytic capacitor EC1 is connected to the negative terminal of the first diode D5 and the input terminal of the first three-terminal voltage regulator U2. The output terminal of the first three-terminal voltage regulator U2 is connected to one end of the third capacitor C8 and the positive terminal of the third diode D4. The negative terminal of the third diode D4 is connected to the switch state acquisition circuit 15. The negative terminal of the second electrolytic capacitor EC1, the ground pin of the first three-terminal voltage regulator U2, and the other end of the third capacitor C8 are connected to the ground terminal.

[0034] Optionally, the negative terminal of the third diode D4 is connected to the nineteenth resistor R12 in the switch state acquisition circuit 15.

[0035] Optionally, the first voltage regulator circuit 172 includes a second electrolytic capacitor EC1, a first three-terminal regulator U2, a third capacitor C8, and a third diode D4. The voltage signal output by the operational amplifier circuit 171 can output a stable first voltage drive signal through the first voltage regulator circuit 172, which includes the above-mentioned components.

[0036] In one alternative embodiment, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an optional auxiliary power supply circuit 16 according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the auxiliary power supply circuit 16 includes a second voltage regulator circuit 161 and a third voltage regulator circuit 162. The second voltage regulator circuit 161 is connected to the switch state acquisition circuit 15. The second voltage regulator circuit 161 is also connected to the operational amplifier circuit 171. The second voltage regulator circuit 161 provides the second drive signal to the switch state acquisition circuit 15 when the switch 10 is in the open state. The third voltage regulator circuit 162 provides a regulated signal to the operational amplifier circuit 171 so that the operational amplifier circuit 171 can operate normally when the switch 10 is in the closed state.

[0037] Optionally, when switch 10 is in the open state, the second voltage regulator circuit 161 provides a second drive signal to the switch state acquisition circuit 15. At the same time, the second drive signal is passed through the third voltage regulator circuit 162 to output a stable voltage drive signal, which serves as the input of the operational amplifier circuit 171 and provides a drive signal to the operational amplifier circuit 171 to ensure that the operational amplifier in the operational amplifier circuit 171 can work normally.

[0038] In an alternative embodiment, it remains as follows Figure 3As shown, the second voltage regulator circuit 161 includes: a fourth capacitor C10, a fourth diode D2, a seventh resistor R8, an eighth resistor R1, a ninth resistor R4, a tenth resistor R9, a third Zener diode Z1, a second transistor Q4, and a third transistor Q3. One end of the fourth capacitor C10 is connected to the positive input terminal 11 of the power supply and the anode of the fourth diode D2. The cathode of the fourth diode D2 is connected to one end of the seventh resistor R8. The other end of the seventh resistor R8 is connected to one end of the ninth resistor R4, one end of the tenth resistor R9, and the third transistor Q3. The collector of Q3 is connected, the other end of the ninth resistor R4 is connected to the negative terminal of the third Zener diode Z1 and one end of the eighth resistor R1, the other end of the eighth resistor R1 is connected to the base of the second transistor Q4, the other end of the tenth resistor R9 is connected to the collector of the second transistor Q4, the emitter of the second transistor Q4 is connected to the base of the third transistor Q3, the emitter of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the third voltage regulator circuit 162, and the other end of the fourth capacitor C10 and the positive terminal of the third Zener diode Z1 are connected to the ground terminal.

[0039] Optionally, the emitter of the third transistor Q3 is specifically connected to the third electrolytic capacitor C1 in the second voltage regulator circuit, and the emitter of the third transistor Q3 and the third electrolytic capacitor C1 in the second voltage regulator circuit 161 are connected through a resistor R3.

[0040] Optionally, the auxiliary power supply circuit 16 can provide a 3.3V reference voltage to the arc-extinguishing power supply circuit 17, enabling it to operate in a stable state. The eighth resistor R1, the ninth resistor R4, the tenth resistor R9, the third Zener diode Z1, the second transistor Q4, and the third transistor Q3 can form a linear voltage regulator circuit to generate a 10V voltage in a low-power manner and provide energy for the conduction of the sixth transistor Q6 in the switch state acquisition circuit 15. This 10V voltage is stepped down by the three-terminal regulator U2 to generate a stable 3.3V voltage. The auxiliary power supply circuit 16 is bypassed and stops working after the switch 10 is turned on, and thus has no effect.

[0041] In an alternative embodiment, it remains as follows Figure 3As shown, the third voltage regulator circuit 162 includes: a third electrolytic capacitor C1, a fifth capacitor C4, a second three-terminal regulator U1, a fourth electrolytic capacitor C2, and a sixth capacitor C3. The positive terminal of the third electrolytic capacitor C1 is connected to the emitter of the third transistor Q3, one end of the fifth capacitor C4, and the input terminal of the second three-terminal regulator U1. The output terminal of the second three-terminal regulator U1 is connected to the positive terminal of the fourth electrolytic capacitor C2, one end of the sixth capacitor C3, and the operational amplifier circuit 171. The negative terminal of the third electrolytic capacitor C1, the other end of the fifth capacitor C4, the ground pin of the second three-terminal regulator U1, the negative terminal of the fourth electrolytic capacitor C2, and the other end of the sixth capacitor C3 are all connected to the ground terminal.

[0042] Optionally, the output of the second three-terminal regulator U1 is specifically connected to the fifth resistor R14 in the operational amplifier circuit 171 to provide power to the first operational amplifier U3, enabling the first operational amplifier U3 to operate normally. That is, the second drive signal output from the second voltage regulator circuit 161 will output a stable voltage drive signal through the second three-terminal regulator U1 in the third voltage regulator circuit 162, serving as the input to the operational amplifier circuit 171 and providing a drive signal to ensure that the operational amplifier in the operational amplifier circuit 171 can operate normally.

[0043] In one alternative embodiment, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an optional driving circuit and a switch state acquisition circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the driving circuit 14 includes: a fourth transistor Q5, an eleventh resistor R19, a twelfth resistor R20, a thirteenth resistor R10, a fourteenth resistor R21, a fifteenth resistor R6, a sixteenth resistor R5, a fifth transistor Q2, and a fourth Zener diode ZD1. The positive input terminal 11 of the power supply is connected to the collectors of the fourth transistor Q5 and the fifth transistor Q2, respectively. The positive output terminal 12 of the power supply is connected to one end of the sixteenth resistor R5 and the anode of the fourth Zener diode ZD1, respectively. The emitter of the fourth transistor Q5 is connected to the tenth resistor R21, the eleventh resistor R19, the eleventh resistor R20, the thirteenth resistor R10, the fourteenth resistor R21, the fifteenth resistor R6, the sixteenth resistor R5, a fifth transistor Q2, and a fourth Zener diode ZD1. One end of resistor R20 is connected to one end of the thirteenth resistor R10. The other end of the thirteenth resistor R10 is connected to the base of the fifth transistor Q2. The emitter of the fifth transistor Q2 is connected to one end of the fourteenth resistor R21 and one end of the fifteenth resistor R6. The other end of the fifteenth resistor R6 is connected to the gate of the first insulated gate field-effect transistor 13, the other end of the sixteenth resistor R5, and the cathode of the fourth Zener diode ZD1. The other ends of the twelfth resistor R20 and the fourteenth resistor R21 are connected to the ground terminal.

[0044] With the above settings, the MOSFET Q1 drive circuit 14 does not function when switch S1 (i.e., switch 10) is open, but only functions when switch S1 is closed. When S1 is closed, it provides a high-level drive signal to MOSFET Q1, putting the N-type MOSFET into a pre-conduction state. When switch S1 is closed, DC 400V drives the sixth transistor Q6 through the fifth diode D1, the seventeenth resistor R7, and the eighteenth resistor R11. The fourth transistor Q5 and the fifth transistor Q2 are also driven. At this time, MOSFET Q1 is in a pre-conduction state. Because the drive voltage is 0V, MOSFET Q1 will not conduct. When switch S1 is opened, the positive output terminal of the power supply 12400V+_OUT gradually decreases from 400V. When it drops to 390V, that is, when the drive voltage of MOSFET Q1 is 10V, MOSFET Q1 will conduct instantaneously. The load current flows through MOSFET Q1. At this time, the voltage difference across switch S1 is 0V, and no arc will be generated. The charge on the seventh capacitor C5 in the switch state acquisition circuit 15 acts as a delay drive. When the charge on the seventh capacitor C5 is depleted, the MOSFET Q1 will turn off and stop outputting. This completes the entire arc extinguishing process.

[0045] In an alternative embodiment, it remains as follows Figure 4 As shown, the switch state acquisition circuit 15 includes: a fifth diode D1, a seventeenth resistor R7, an eighteenth resistor R11, a nineteenth resistor R12, a twentieth resistor R22, a seventh capacitor C5, and a sixth transistor Q6. The anode of the fifth diode D1 is connected to the positive output terminal 12 of the power supply, and the cathode of the fifth diode D1 is connected to one end of the seventeenth resistor R7. The other end of the seventeenth resistor R7 is connected to one end of the eighteenth resistor R11 and one end of the seventh capacitor C5. The tenth... The other end of resistor R11 is connected to the collector of the sixth transistor Q6. The base of the sixth transistor Q6 is connected to one end of the nineteenth resistor R12. The other end of the nineteenth resistor R12 is connected to the auxiliary power supply circuit 16 and the arc extinguishing power supply circuit 17. The emitter of the sixth transistor Q6 is connected to the other end of the eleventh resistor R19 and one end of the twentieth resistor R22. The other ends of the nineteenth resistor R12 and the twentieth resistor R22 are connected to the ground terminal.

[0046] Optionally, the other end of the nineteenth resistor R12 is connected to the positive terminal of the third electrolytic capacitor C1 in the third voltage regulator circuit 162 of the auxiliary power supply circuit 16, and the negative terminal of the third diode D4 in the first voltage regulator circuit 172 of the arc-extinguishing power supply circuit 17. That is, the auxiliary power supply circuit 16 and the arc-extinguishing power supply circuit 17 provide a drive signal to the sixth transistor Q6 via the nineteenth resistor R12.

[0047] With the above settings, the switch state acquisition circuit 15 provides energy to the MOSFET Q1 drive circuit 14 when switch S1 (i.e., switch 10) is on. When switch S1 is off, and the MOSFET Q1 drive voltage reaches 15V, MOSFET Q1 turns on. After a short period of conduction (microseconds), the MOSFET Q1 drive circuit 14 also stops working because the energy in switch state acquisition circuit 15C5 is insufficient to maintain secondary conduction. That is, at the instant switch S1 is off, the positive output terminal of the power supply 12400V+_OUT gradually decreases from 400V. When it drops to 390V, i.e., the MOSFET Q1 drive voltage is 10V, MOSFET Q1 will turn on instantaneously, and the load current will flow through MOSFET Q1. At this time, the voltage difference across switch S1 is 0V, and no arc will be generated. The charge of the seventh capacitor C5 in the switch state acquisition circuit 15 will play a role in delaying the drive. When the charge of the seventh capacitor C5 is depleted, MOSFET Q1 will turn off and stop outputting. This completes the entire arc extinguishing process.

[0048] As an optional embodiment, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an optional arc-extinguishing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, including a drive circuit 14, a switch state acquisition circuit 15, an auxiliary power supply circuit 16, and an arc-extinguishing power supply circuit 17. The specific structures of each circuit and component are as follows: Figures 2 to 4 As shown, MOSFET Q1 is an N-type high-voltage, high-current semiconductor device that only needs to be briefly turned on and operates only during the arc suppression moment. The MOSFET Q1 driving circuit 14 consists of N-type transistors (Q2, Q5), a Zener diode (ZD1), surface-mount resistors (R5, R6, R10, R19, R20, R21), and a surface-mount capacitor (C6). The switch state acquisition circuit 15 consists of an N-type transistor (Q6), a diode (D1), surface-mount resistors (R7, R11, R12), and a surface-mount capacitor (C5). The auxiliary power supply circuit 16 mainly consists of N-type transistors (Q3, Q4), a diode (D2), a Zener diode (ZD1), a three-terminal voltage regulator (U1), surface-mount resistors (R1, R3, R4, R8, R9), surface-mount capacitors (C3, C4, C10), and electrolytic capacitors (C1, C2). The arc-extinguishing power supply circuit 17 mainly consists of an operational amplifier (U3), a three-terminal regulator (U2), a transistor (Q8), diodes (D4, D5, D6, D7), a Zener diode (ZD4), surface-mount resistors (R13, R14, R16, R17, R18), surface-mount capacitors (C7, C8, C9), and electrolytic capacitors (EC1, EC2). The specific arc-extinguishing control process and principle of switch 10 are as follows:

[0049] The MOSFET Q1 drive circuit 14 does not function when switch S1 (i.e., switch 10) is open, but only functions when switch S1 is on. When S1 is on, it provides a high-level drive signal to MOSFET Q1, causing the N-type MOSFET to enter a pre-conduction state.

[0050] The switch state acquisition circuit 15 provides energy to the MOSFET Q1 drive circuit 14 when switch S1 is on; when switch S1 is off, MOSFET Q1 turns on when the drive voltage of MOSFET Q1 reaches 15V. After a short period of conduction in microseconds, MOSFET Q1 drive circuit 14 will also stop working because the energy in the seventh capacitor C5 in the switch state acquisition circuit 15 is insufficient to maintain secondary conduction.

[0051] The auxiliary power supply circuit 16 provides a 3.3V reference voltage to the arc-extinguishing power supply circuit 17, ensuring its stable operation. The eighth resistor R1, the ninth resistor R4, the tenth resistor R9, the third Zener diode Z1, the second transistor Q4, and the third transistor Q3 form a linear voltage regulator circuit, generating a 10V voltage in a low-power manner and providing energy for the conduction of the sixth transistor Q6 in the switch state acquisition circuit 15. This 10V voltage is then stepped down by the three-terminal regulator U2 to produce a stable 3.3V voltage. The auxiliary power supply circuit 16 is bypassed and ceases operation after switch S1 is turned on, rendering it ineffective.

[0052] In the switch control circuit, MOSFET Q7 is a low-voltage, high-current power transistor that draws power from the arc-extinguishing power supply circuit 17. It is small in size and, together with the arc-extinguishing power supply circuit 17, provides power to the switch state acquisition circuit 15. The first Zener diode ZD3 is a protective Zener diode for the drive electrode of MOSFET Q7. When the voltage of the first Zener diode ZD3 reaches 15V, MOSFET Q7 will be forcibly turned on, thus protecting MOSFET Q7.

[0053] The arc-extinguishing power supply circuit 17 mainly consists of a first operational amplifier U3 and a first transistor Q8. The voltage at point A continuously rises. When Point A reaches 3.3 + 6.2 = 9.5V, meaning Point B reaches 3.3V, pin 4 of the first operational amplifier U3 outputs a high level, driving MOSFET Q7 to conduct. Simultaneously, when pin 4 of the first operational amplifier U3 outputs a high level, the first transistor Q8 also conducts, causing pin 3 of the first operational amplifier U3 to drop from 3.3V to 2V. After MOSFET Q7 conducts, Point B gradually decreases. As long as the voltage at Point B is greater than the voltage at pin 3 of the first operational amplifier U3, pin 4 of the first operational amplifier U3 will output a high level. Finally, when the voltage at Point B drops below 2V (the voltage at pin 3 of the first operational amplifier U3), pin 4 of the first operational amplifier U3 outputs a low level, MOSFET Q7 stops conducting, and the voltage at pin 3 of the first operational amplifier U3 returns to 3.3V. Once the first operational amplifier U3 stops conducting, Point B begins to rise again. This cycle continues continuously. During the conduction of MOSFET Q7, a 6V voltage is generated through the third operational amplifier U1 to provide conduction energy for the sixth transistor Q6, forming a complementary effect when the auxiliary power supply circuit 16 stops working.

[0054] It can be observed that when switch S1 is turned off, only the auxiliary power supply circuit 16 operates, obtaining a voltage of 3.3V as the reference voltage for pin 3 of the first operational amplifier U3 in the arc extinguishing power supply circuit 17. At the same time, the generated 10V voltage serves as a reserve power supply for the drive circuit 14 of MOSFET Q1.

[0055] When switch S1 is closed, the auxiliary power supply circuit 16 stops working. Due to the freewheeling effect of the fourth electrolytic capacitor C2 and the sixth capacitor C3 in the auxiliary power supply circuit 16, the 10V reserve power supply for the drive circuit 14 of MOSFET Q1 is still present; the 3.3V reference voltage at pin 3 of the first operational amplifier U3 is also still present. When the voltage at pin 1 of the first operational amplifier U3, that is, the Point B voltage, reaches 3.3V, it drives the MOSFET Q7 to conduct, which is higher than the output level of the first operational amplifier U3. At this time, the arc extinguishing power supply circuit 17 stops drawing power. When switch S1 is closed, the 400V DC current drives transistor Q6 through diode D1 (fifth), resistor R7 (seventeenth), and resistor R11 (eighteenth). Transistors Q5 (fourth) and Q2 (fifth) are also driven. At this time, MOSFET Q1 is in a pre-conducting state; because the drive voltage is 0V, MOSFET Q1 does not conduct. When switch S1 is opened, the positive output voltage 12400V+_OUT gradually decreases from 400V. When it drops to 390V, i.e., the drive voltage for MOSFET Q1 is 10V, MOSFET Q1 will momentarily conduct, and the load current will flow through it. At this point, the voltage difference across switch S1 is 0V, and no arc is generated. The charge on capacitor C5 acts as a delay driver; when capacitor C5 is depleted, MOSFET Q1 will cut off and stop outputting. This completes the entire arc-extinguishing process.

[0056] It should be noted that the arc-extinguishing device provided in this embodiment of the invention is powered by high-voltage DC. When the two-wire switch is open, it adaptively turns on and off without requiring manual or microcontroller unit (MCU) control, greatly improving dynamic response and effectively preventing arcing, thus achieving complete arc extinguishing. It is composed of small power devices, resulting in a small size and low cost. It does not require changes to the size, dimensions, or contact distance of existing switches to achieve the arc-extinguishing effect.

[0057] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment including the above-described arc-extinguishing device is also provided. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a DC switch according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 6 As shown, the DC switch includes a switch 10, a positive power input terminal 11, a positive power output terminal 12, and any one of the above-mentioned arc extinguishing devices 19. One end of the switch 10 is connected to the positive power input terminal 11, and the other end of the switch 10 is connected to the positive power output terminal 12. The arc extinguishing device 19 is connected in parallel with the switch 10.

[0058] Furthermore, it should be noted that the optional or preferred implementation methods of this embodiment can be found in the relevant descriptions in the embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0059] The sequence numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0060] In the above embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0061] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An arc-extinguishing device, characterized in that, An arc-extinguishing device is applied to a switch, one end of which is connected to the positive input terminal of a power supply, and the other end of which is connected to the positive output terminal of a power supply. The arc-extinguishing device includes: a first insulated-gate field-effect transistor (IGFET), a driving circuit, a switch state acquisition circuit, an auxiliary power supply circuit, and an arc-extinguishing power supply circuit. The first IGFET is connected in parallel with the switch. The driving circuit is connected to the first IGFET. The switch state acquisition circuit is connected to the positive output terminal of the power supply, the driving circuit, and a ground terminal. The auxiliary power supply circuit is connected to the positive input terminal of the power supply, the switch state acquisition circuit, and the ground terminal. The arc-extinguishing power supply circuit is connected to the positive output terminal of the power supply, the auxiliary power supply circuit, and the ground terminal. When the switch is closed, the first IGFET is open. The arc-extinguishing power supply circuit is used to provide a first drive signal to the switch state acquisition circuit when the switch is in the on state; The switch state acquisition circuit is used to supply power to the drive circuit based on the first drive signal when the switch is in the on state, so that the drive circuit controls the first insulated gate field-effect transistor to be in the pre-on state. The auxiliary power supply circuit is used to provide a second drive signal to the switch state acquisition circuit when the switch is in the off state; the switch state acquisition circuit is also used to supply power to the drive circuit based on the second drive signal when the switch is in the off state, so that the drive circuit controls the first insulated gate field-effect transistor to be in a pre-conduction state. The first insulated gate field-effect transistor is used to switch from a pre-conducting state to a conducting state when the switch changes from a conducting state to a disconnecting state, and to switch from a conducting state to a disconnecting state when the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor in the switch state acquisition circuit is less than a preset energy threshold.

2. The arc-extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arc-extinguishing device further includes a switch control circuit, and the arc-extinguishing power supply circuit includes an operational amplifier circuit and a first voltage regulator circuit. The switch control circuit is connected to the operational amplifier circuit, and the operational amplifier circuit is connected to the first voltage regulator circuit. The operational amplifier circuit is used to provide a switch control signal to the switch control circuit when the switch is in the closed state; The switch control circuit is used to control the first voltage regulator circuit to output the first drive signal based on the switch control signal provided by the operational amplifier circuit.

3. The arc-extinguishing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The switch control circuit includes: a second insulated-gate field-effect transistor, a first Zener diode, and a first resistor, wherein... The source of the second insulated-gate field-effect transistor is connected to the positive input terminal of the power supply, the drain of the second insulated-gate field-effect transistor is connected to the ground terminal, the gate of the second insulated-gate field-effect transistor is connected to the positive terminal of the first Zener diode and one end of the first resistor, the negative terminal of the first Zener diode is connected to the source of the second insulated-gate field-effect transistor, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to the ground terminal.

4. The arc-extinguishing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The operational amplifier circuit includes: a first capacitor, a second resistor, a first transistor, a third resistor, a first operational amplifier, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a first diode, a second diode, a second Zener diode, a second capacitor, and a first electrolytic capacitor, wherein... One end of the first capacitor is connected to the negative terminal of the first Zener diode, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected to the ground terminal. One end of the second resistor is connected to the gate of the second insulated-gate field-effect transistor, and the other end of the second resistor is connected to the third resistor and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier. The other end of the third resistor is connected to the base of the first transistor, and the emitter of the first transistor is connected to the ground terminal. The collector of the first transistor is connected to one end of the fourth resistor, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the negative input terminal of the first operational amplifier and one end of the fifth resistor. The positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to one end of the sixth resistor, one end of the second capacitor, and the positive terminal of the second Zener diode. The other end of the sixth resistor and the other end of the second capacitor are connected to the ground terminal. The negative terminal of the second Zener diode is connected to the positive terminal of the first diode and the positive terminal of the second diode. The negative terminal of the first diode is connected to the first voltage regulator circuit, and the negative terminal of the second diode is connected to the ground terminal. The other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the auxiliary power supply circuit.

5. The arc-extinguishing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first voltage regulator circuit includes: a second electrolytic capacitor, a second operational amplifier, a third capacitor, and a third diode, wherein, The positive terminal of the second electrolytic capacitor is connected to the negative terminal of the first diode and the input terminal of the second operational amplifier. The output terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected to one end of the third capacitor and the positive terminal of the third diode. The negative terminal of the third diode is connected to the switch state acquisition circuit. The negative terminal of the second electrolytic capacitor, the ground pin of the second operational amplifier, and the other end of the third capacitor are connected to the ground terminal.

6. The arc-extinguishing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The auxiliary power supply circuit includes a second voltage regulator circuit and a third voltage regulator circuit. The second voltage regulator circuit is connected to the switch state acquisition circuit, and the second voltage regulator circuit is also connected to the third voltage regulator circuit and the operational amplifier circuit. The second voltage regulator circuit is used to provide the second drive signal to the switch state acquisition circuit when the switch is in the open state; The third voltage regulator circuit is used to provide a voltage regulator signal to the operational amplifier circuit so that the operational amplifier circuit can operate normally when the switch is closed.

7. The arc-extinguishing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second voltage regulator circuit includes: a fourth capacitor, a fourth diode, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, a third Zener diode, a second transistor, and a third transistor, wherein... One end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the positive input terminal of the power supply and the positive terminal of the fourth diode. The negative terminal of the fourth diode is connected to one end of the seventh resistor. The other end of the seventh resistor is connected to one end of the ninth resistor, one end of the tenth resistor, and the collector of the third transistor. The other end of the ninth resistor is connected to the negative terminal of the third Zener diode and one end of the eighth resistor. The other end of the eighth resistor is connected to the base of the second transistor. The other end of the tenth resistor is connected to the collector of the second transistor. The emitter of the second transistor is connected to the base of the third transistor. The emitter of the third transistor is connected to the third voltage regulator circuit. The other end of the fourth capacitor and the positive terminal of the third Zener diode are connected to the ground terminal.

8. The arc-extinguishing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The third voltage regulator circuit includes: a third electrolytic capacitor, a fifth capacitor, a third operational amplifier, a fourth electrolytic capacitor, and a sixth capacitor, wherein... The positive terminal of the third electrolytic capacitor is connected to the emitter of the third transistor, one end of the fifth capacitor, and the input terminal of the third operational amplifier. The output terminal of the third operational amplifier is connected to the positive terminal of the fourth electrolytic capacitor, one end of the sixth capacitor, and the operational amplifier circuit. The negative terminal of the third electrolytic capacitor, the other end of the fifth capacitor, the ground pin of the third operational amplifier, the negative terminal of the fourth electrolytic capacitor, and the other end of the sixth capacitor are all connected to the ground terminal.

9. The arc-extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving circuit includes: a fourth transistor, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, a fourteenth resistor, a fifteenth resistor, a sixteenth resistor, a fifth transistor, and a fourth Zener diode, wherein... The positive input terminal of the power supply is connected to the collector of the fourth transistor and the collector of the fifth transistor, respectively. The positive output terminal of the power supply is connected to one end of the sixteenth resistor and the positive terminal of the fourth Zener diode, respectively. The emitter of the fourth transistor is connected to one end of the twelfth resistor and one end of the thirteenth resistor, respectively. The other end of the thirteenth resistor is connected to the base of the fifth transistor, respectively. The emitter of the fifth transistor is connected to one end of the fourteenth resistor and one end of the fifteenth resistor, respectively. The other end of the fifteenth resistor is connected to the gate of the first insulated-gate field-effect transistor, the other end of the sixteenth resistor, and the negative terminal of the fourth Zener diode, respectively. The other ends of the twelfth resistor and the fourteenth resistor are connected to the ground terminal, respectively.

10. The arc-extinguishing device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The switch state acquisition circuit includes: a fifth diode, a seventeenth resistor, an eighteenth resistor, a nineteenth resistor, a twentieth resistor, a seventh capacitor, and a sixth transistor, wherein... The anode of the fifth diode is connected to the positive output terminal of the power supply. The cathode of the fifth diode is connected to one end of the seventeenth resistor. The other end of the seventeenth resistor is connected to one end of the eighteenth resistor and one end of the seventh capacitor. The other end of the eighteenth resistor is connected to the collector of the sixth transistor. The base of the sixth transistor is connected to one end of the nineteenth resistor. The other end of the nineteenth resistor is connected to the auxiliary power supply circuit and the arc-extinguishing power supply circuit. The emitter of the sixth transistor is connected to the other end of the eleventh resistor and one end of the twentieth resistor. The other ends of the nineteenth resistor and the twentieth resistor are connected to the ground terminal.

11. A DC switch, characterized in that, The DC switch includes a switch, a positive power input terminal, a positive power output terminal, and an arc extinguishing device as described in any one of claims 1-10. One end of the switch is connected to the positive power input terminal, and the other end of the switch is connected to the positive power output terminal. The arc extinguishing device is connected in parallel with the switch.

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