A bistable vacuum high-voltage isolating switch and a railway locomotive

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of bistable vacuum high-voltage disconnectors and rail locomotives, including vacuum switch tube (2), the vacuum switch tube has a static contact and a moving contact, the moving contact connects the end of insulated operating lever (4), the other end of insulated operating lever (4) is connected with the transmission shaft (8) of bistable drive mechanism (6);The bistable drive mechanism includes drive source (12), transmission shaft (8), transmission support (7) and elastic component (9), the driving rod of drive source is connected with the end of transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is slidably installed on the transmission support, and the elastic component is symmetrically installed on the two sides of the transmission shaft, one end of the elastic component is connected with the transmission support, and the other end is hinged with the transmission shaft, the drive source drives the moving contact of the vacuum switch tube by the transmission shaft, insulated operating lever, so that the vacuum switch tube realizes stable closing or opening.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to high-voltage systems for rail locomotives and rolling stock, and in particular to a bistable vacuum high-voltage disconnect switch and a rail locomotive. Background Technology

[0002] High-voltage electrical boxes have become the preferred solution for high-voltage systems in electric locomotives and EMUs because they can significantly reduce the daily maintenance costs of high-voltage insulation, effectively prevent conductive pollution from the environment from accumulating on high-voltage insulators, reduce environmental stress on independent electrical components inside the box, and improve the reliability of high-voltage independent electrical components.

[0003] Traditional indoor high-voltage disconnect switches have long and narrow high-voltage conductive parts, often exceeding 400mm, to achieve insulation between the contacts when disconnected. Furthermore, the conductive blades need to be opened at a large angle when the switch is open. Simultaneously, the high-voltage electrical box enclosure needs to be made of metal and grounded, requiring at least 310mm of electrical clearance in all directions between it and the high-voltage conductive parts of the high-voltage disconnect switch installed inside. This results in a large and heavy high-voltage electrical box enclosure.

[0004] On the other hand, traditional high-voltage disconnect switches currently rely entirely on pressure cylinders for opening and closing, and solenoid valves for control. The control of solenoid valves is susceptible to interference, leading to malfunctions or system failures that can cause the switch to remain in an intermediate state, potentially resulting in vehicle operational malfunctions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a bistable vacuum high-voltage disconnector and a railcar that can stably remain in the closed or open state, in order to address the shortcomings of traditional indoor high-voltage disconnectors.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A bistable vacuum high-voltage disconnector includes a vacuum switch tube having a stationary contact and a moving contact, the moving contact being connected to one end of an insulated operating rod, wherein:

[0008] The other end of the insulated control lever is connected to the drive shaft of the bistable drive mechanism;

[0009] The bistable drive mechanism includes a drive source, a drive shaft, a drive bracket, and elastic components. The drive rod of the drive source is connected to one end of the drive shaft. The drive shaft is slidably mounted on the drive bracket, and the elastic components are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the drive shaft. One end of the elastic component is connected to the drive bracket, and the other end is hinged to the drive shaft. The drive source drives the moving contact of the vacuum switch tube through the drive shaft and the insulating operating rod, so that the vacuum switch tube can be closed or opened.

[0010] During the closing operation, as the drive source drives the moving contact of the vacuum switch tube to approach the stationary contact via the drive shaft, the elastic members on both sides of the drive shaft are compressed by the drive shaft and form a first V-shaped angle. This provides support force through the elastic members after the vacuum switch tube is closed, ensuring the drive shaft is in a first stable position and the vacuum switch tube is in a stable closed state. During the opening operation, as the drive source drives the moving contact of the vacuum switch tube to move away from the stationary contact via the drive shaft, the elastic members on both sides of the drive shaft are compressed by the drive shaft and form a second V-shaped angle. This provides support force through the elastic members after the vacuum switch tube is opened, ensuring the drive shaft is in a second stable position and the vacuum switch tube is in a stable open state.

[0011] To ensure reliable insulation between the vacuum switch tube and the insulating operating rod, the vacuum switch tube and the insulating operating rod are installed in an insulator.

[0012] In one specific embodiment, the insulator is an integral insulator with a high-voltage input flange pre-embedded at the upper end, a high-voltage output flange pre-embedded in the middle, and an insulator mounting position at the lower end.

[0013] In one specific embodiment, the insulating control lever and the transmission shaft are perpendicularly connected via a hinge shaft. The transmission bracket is sleeved on the transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is provided with a slanted groove. The slanted groove and the axis of the transmission shaft have a third included angle. The transmission bracket is provided with a first connecting hole for the insulating control lever to pass through and a second connecting hole for the hinge shaft to pass through. The second connecting hole is an elongated hole extending along the axial direction of the insulating control lever. The axis of the first connecting hole and the axis of the second connecting hole are located in the same plane and intersect perpendicularly at the same point. The hinge shaft passes through the slanted groove and the second connecting hole. The insulating control lever passes through the first connecting hole and extends into the first slanted groove to connect with the hinge shaft.

[0014] In one specific embodiment, the other end of the drive shaft is connected to the elastic member.

[0015] Preferably, the elastic member is a spring or a flexible beam with elasticity.

[0016] In one specific embodiment, the bistable drive mechanism and the insulator are respectively mounted on both sides of the base plate assembly, and the insulating control rod passes through the base plate assembly and is hinged to the drive shaft.

[0017] Preferably, the driving source is a compressed gas power source, an electromagnetic force power source, or an electric motor power source.

[0018] Preferably, the bistable drive mechanism is further equipped with a micro switch for providing feedback signals to the vehicle.

[0019] Based on the same concept, the present invention also provides a rail locomotive, which includes the aforementioned bistable vacuum high-voltage disconnect switch.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] (1) The present invention uses vacuum as the insulating medium between the poles of the high voltage disconnect switch, which shortens the insulation distance between the poles from the original 310mm to 16mm or less. On the one hand, it solves the problem that the energized part between the poles of the traditional high voltage disconnect switch is too large and inconvenient to use indoors. On the other hand, it also provides more options for the design of the drive mechanism.

[0022] (2) This invention designs a bistable drive mechanism. Under the action of the elastic member, the bistable drive mechanism can reliably keep the high-voltage disconnecting switch in the closed or open position and continuously provide holding force. On the one hand, it solves the problem of weak anti-interference capability of traditional high-voltage disconnecting switches. On the other hand, because it does not require a continuous power supply, it only needs to provide force for a short time under the control of the command to change the direction of the force on the elastic member. The change in the potential energy of the elastic member itself is minimal, and the energy saving effect is obvious. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is an external view of an embodiment of the bistable vacuum high-voltage disconnector of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a top view of an embodiment of the bistable vacuum high-voltage disconnector of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view A-A.

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 2 B-B sectional view.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the bistable drive mechanism of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a front view structural diagram of the bistable drive mechanism of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A-A sectional view.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a top view of the bistable drive mechanism of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 9 for Figure 8 B-B sectional view.

[0033] In the diagram: 1-Insulator; 2-Vacuum switch tube; 3-Flexible connecting wire; 4-Insulated operating lever;

[0034] 5-Base plate assembly; 6-Bistable drive mechanism; 7-Transmission bracket; 8-Elastic component; 9-Drive shaft; 10-Bearing;

[0035] 11-Hinge; 12-Drive source. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific preferred embodiments, but this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] For ease of description, the relative positions of the components, such as top, bottom, left, right, etc., are described according to the layout direction of the accompanying drawings and do not limit the structure of this patent.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, one embodiment of the bistable vacuum high-voltage disconnecting switch for rail locomotives of the present invention includes a vacuum switch tube 2, an insulating operating lever 4, and a bistable drive mechanism 6.

[0039] The vacuum switch tube 2 and the insulating operating rod 4 are installed inside the insulator 1. The insulator 1 is an integral insulator that provides insulation between poles and to ground. A high-voltage input flange 101 is pre-embedded at the upper end, a high-voltage output flange 102 is pre-embedded in the middle, and the lower end is set as an insulator mounting position 103. The mounting components of the high-voltage input flange 101, the high-voltage output flange 102, and the insulator mounting position 103 are respectively embedded in the insulating body of the insulator 1.

[0040] The vacuum switch tube 2 has a rated current of 1000A and a short-time withstand current of 16kA for 2s. The vacuum switch tube 2 has a stationary contact 21 and a moving contact 22. The stationary contact 21 is fixedly connected to the high-voltage input flange 101, and the moving contact 22 is connected to one end of the insulated operating rod 4. At the same time, the moving contact 22 is connected to the high-voltage output flange 102 through the flexible connecting wire 3.

[0041] The insulator 1 is mounted on the upper surface of the base plate assembly 5. The base plate assembly 5 is designed with mounting holes, grounding points, nameplates, markings, and lifting rings. A transmission bracket 7 for the bistable drive mechanism 6 is mounted on the lower surface of the base plate assembly 5. The other end of the insulating operating lever 4 passes through the base plate assembly 5 and is connected to the transmission shaft 9 of the bistable drive mechanism 6. The bistable drive mechanism 6 transmits the driving force and holding force of the moving contact 22 through the insulating operating lever 4 and provides inter-pole insulation to ground.

[0042] The bistable drive mechanism 6 includes a drive source 12, a hinge shaft 11, a transmission shaft 9, a transmission bracket 7, and an elastic member 8. The drive source 12 has a drive rod connected to one end of the transmission shaft 9, and the other end of the transmission shaft 9 is hinged to the elastic member 8. The elastic members 8 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the transmission shaft 9. The transmission shaft 9 is slidably mounted within the transmission bracket 7. One end of the elastic member 8 is hinged to the end of the transmission shaft 9, and the other end is connected to the transmission bracket 7.

[0043] In this embodiment, the drive source 12 is driven by compressed gas, that is, a pressure cylinder provides power and a two-position five-way solenoid valve controls it. By controlling the flow rate of compressed gas input to the pressure cylinder, the speed at which the moving contact of the vacuum switch tube closes and opens can be controlled. Obviously, the drive source 12 can also be an electromagnetic power source, a motor power source, etc.

[0044] The transmission bracket 7 is a hollow bracket. The transmission shaft 9 passes through the transmission bracket 7 and is connected to the transmission bracket 7 via a bushing. Under the drive of the drive source 12, the transmission shaft 8 can perform linear reciprocating motion relative to the transmission bracket 7. The transmission bracket 7 is provided with a first connecting hole 71 for the insulating operating rod 4 to pass through and a second connecting hole 72 for the hinge shaft 11 to pass through. The second connecting hole 72 is an elongated hole extending along the axial direction of the insulating operating rod 4. The first connecting hole 71 and the second connecting hole 72 communicate with each other, and the axis of the first connecting hole 71 and the axis of the second connecting hole 72 are located in the same plane and intersect perpendicularly at the same point. The transmission shaft 9 is provided with a groove 91 and a third connecting hole 92 for the insulating operating rod 4 to pass through. The groove 91 and the axis of the transmission shaft 9 have a third included angle not equal to 90 degrees. The third connecting hole 92 is an elongated hole extending along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 9 and is connected to the groove 91. The drive shaft 9 has an inclined groove 91. A hinge shaft 11 is mounted in the inclined groove 91 via a bearing 10. Both ends of the hinge shaft 11 pass through the second connecting hole 72 and are secured by nuts. The insulating operating rod 4 passes through the first connecting hole 71 and the third connecting hole 92, and extends into the inclined groove 91 to connect with the hinge shaft 11. The insulating operating rod 4 is perpendicularly connected to the drive shaft 9. In this way, by cooperating with the vertically oriented insulating operating rod 4, the horizontal movement of the drive shaft 8 can be converted into the vertical movement of the insulating operating rod 4.

[0045] The tangent of the third included angle is 0.5, corresponding to an opening distance of 16mm for the vacuum switch tube 2 and a stroke of 32mm for the drive shaft 9. There are four bearings 10 in total, which are installed on the hinge shaft 11. The two outer bearings 10 are placed in the second connecting hole 72 to control the hinge shaft 11 to move linearly only along the second connecting hole 72. The two inner bearings 10 are placed in the inclined groove 91 so that the hinge shaft 11 can only slide along the inclined groove 91 of the drive shaft 9.

[0046] During the closing operation of this invention, while the drive source 12 drives the moving contact 22 of the vacuum switch tube 2 to approach the stationary contact 21 via the drive shaft 9, the elastic members 8 on both sides of the drive shaft 9 are further compressed by the drive shaft 9 as the drive shaft 9 moves, forming a first V-shaped angle. After the vacuum switch tube 2 is closed, the component of the restoring force of the elastic members 8 along the axis of the drive shaft provides a holding force for the closing position, so that the drive shaft 9 is in a first steady-state position and the vacuum switch tube 2 is in a stable closed state. During the opening operation, while the drive source 12 drives the moving contact 22 of the vacuum switch tube 2 to leave the stationary contact 21 via the drive shaft 9, the elastic members 8 on both sides of the drive shaft 9 are further compressed by the drive shaft 9 as the drive shaft 9 moves, forming a second V-shaped angle. After the vacuum switch tube 2 is opened, the component of the restoring force of the elastic members 8 along the axis of the drive shaft provides a supporting force for the opening position, so that the drive shaft 9 is in a second steady-state position and the vacuum switch tube 2 is in a stable open state.

[0047] The bistable drive mechanism 6 employs two symmetrically distributed elastic members 8 to provide holding force for the closed and open positions, ensuring that the rated current can reliably pass through the vacuum switch tube 2 without additional force when it is in the closed state. If it is necessary to change the closed or open state of the moving contact 22 and the stationary contact 21 of the vacuum switch tube 2, it is necessary to overcome the elastic force of the elastic members 8. Therefore, the elastic members 8 of this invention can greatly improve the anti-interference capability of the high-voltage disconnector.

[0048] This invention relates to a bistable vacuum high-voltage disconnector switch, in which insulator 1 and vacuum switch tube 2 provide insulation between the poles. The vacuum switch tube 2 is directly installed in air with stable pressure, with a rated voltage of 31.5kV, a rated current of 1000A, a power frequency withstand voltage of 85kV between poles, a power frequency withstand voltage of 100kV to ground, and a lightning impulse withstand voltage of 185kV between poles and to ground.

[0049] The bistable drive mechanism 6 is also equipped with two microswitches (not shown in the figure) and provides four microswitch mounting interfaces. The microswitches are located on both sides of the elastic member 8 and are used to detect the open and closed states, and are connected to the vehicle's control circuit to provide open and closed feedback signals to the vehicle.

[0050] The elastic member 8 can be a spring as shown in the illustration, or it can be a flexible beam with elasticity.

[0051] In the above embodiment, the transmission shaft 9 intersects the insulating control lever 4 perpendicularly. Therefore, it is necessary to convert the horizontal movement of the transmission shaft 9 into the vertical movement of the insulating control lever 4. Obviously, the present invention can also make the axis of the transmission shaft 9 and the axis of the insulating control lever 4 directly into a linear drive bistable drive mechanism.

[0052] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention, or modify it into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bistable vacuum high-voltage disconnector, comprising a vacuum switch tube (2), the vacuum switch tube having a stationary contact and a moving contact, the moving contact being connected to one end of an insulating operating rod (4), characterized in that: The other end of the insulating control lever (4) is connected to the drive shaft (9) of the bistable drive mechanism (6); The bistable drive mechanism includes a drive source (12), a transmission shaft (9), a transmission bracket (7), and an elastic member (8). The drive rod of the drive source is connected to one end of the transmission shaft. The transmission shaft is slidably mounted on the transmission bracket, and the elastic member is symmetrically mounted on both sides of the transmission shaft. One end of the elastic member is connected to the transmission bracket, and the other end is hinged to the transmission shaft. The drive source drives the moving contact of the vacuum switch tube through the transmission shaft and the insulating operating rod, so that the vacuum switch tube can be closed or opened. The insulating control lever is perpendicularly connected to the transmission shaft via a hinge (11). The transmission bracket is sleeved on the transmission shaft. The transmission shaft is provided with a sloping groove (91). The sloping groove and the axis of the transmission shaft have a third included angle. The transmission bracket is provided with a first connecting hole (71) for the insulating control lever to pass through and a second connecting hole (72) for the hinge to pass through. The second connecting hole is an elongated hole extending along the axial direction of the insulating control lever. The axis of the first connecting hole and the axis of the second connecting hole are located in the same plane and intersect perpendicularly at the same point. The hinge passes through the sloping groove and the second connecting hole. The insulating control lever passes through the first connecting hole and extends into the sloping groove to connect with the hinge. During the closing operation, as the drive source drives the moving contact of the vacuum switch tube to approach the stationary contact via the drive shaft, the elastic members on both sides of the drive shaft are compressed by the drive shaft and form a first V-shaped angle, so that the drive shaft is in a first steady-state position. During the opening operation, as the drive source drives the moving contact of the vacuum switch tube to leave the stationary contact via the drive shaft, the elastic members on both sides of the drive shaft are compressed by the drive shaft and form a second V-shaped angle, so that the drive shaft is in a second steady-state position.

2. The bistable vacuum high-voltage disconnector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum switch tube and the insulating operating rod are installed in the insulator (1).

3. The bistable vacuum high-voltage disconnector according to claim 2, characterized in that, The insulator is an integral insulator with a high-voltage input flange pre-embedded at the upper end, a high-voltage output flange pre-embedded in the middle, and an insulator mounting position at the lower end.

4. The bistable vacuum high-voltage disconnector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The other end of the drive shaft is connected to the elastic member.

5. The bistable vacuum high-voltage disconnector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic component is a spring or a flexible beam with elasticity.

6. The bistable vacuum high-voltage disconnector according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bistable drive mechanism and the insulator are respectively installed on both sides of the base plate assembly (5), and the insulating control rod passes through the base plate assembly and is hinged to the drive shaft.

7. The bistable vacuum high-voltage disconnector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving source is a compressed gas power source, an electromagnetic force power source, or an electric motor power source.

8. The bistable vacuum high-voltage disconnector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bistable drive mechanism is also equipped with a microswitch for providing feedback signals to the vehicle.

9. A rail locomotive, characterized in that, The bistable vacuum high-voltage disconnect switch includes any one of claims 1-8.

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