Antenna and electronic device

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides an antenna and an electronic device, which comprise a feeding element and a plurality of radiators, the plurality of radiators comprising a first radiator, a second radiator and a third radiator which are arranged side by side and spaced apart in a first direction on the same plane, one end of the feeding element being connected to a feeding connection point of the first radiator and the other end being connected to a feeding point; the antenna further comprises a first ground element, a second ground element, a third ground element and a fourth ground element which are arranged spaced apart in the first direction; a first gap is formed between the second radiator and the first radiator, and a second gap is formed between the third radiator and the first radiator, the antenna disclosed by the application can generate two radiation zeros outside the working frequency band of the antenna, which is helpful for the antenna to realize the filtering function without changing the radiation characteristics of the antenna, and further improves the isolation between the different frequency antennas in the electronic device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antennas, and in particular to an antenna and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the advancement of electronic devices, multiple antennas operating at different frequencies are typically required to achieve various signal transmission and reception functions. Due to limited space within these devices, achieving adequate isolation between these antennas is challenging, especially for those operating at adjacent frequencies, where mutual interference is even more severe. For example, in mobile phones, antennas operating at GSM1800 / 1900 MHz cause spurious interference to the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), making it difficult for cellular communication systems and Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) communication technologies to coexist. When operating simultaneously, mutual interference is a significant issue. Therefore, the coexistence of cellular communication systems and WiFi systems has become a persistent problem in the industry.

[0003] In existing technologies, interference between antennas operating at different frequencies (such as cellular communication systems and WiFi systems) can generally be resolved by using hardware (e.g., high-suppression coexistence filters) to block or avoid channels. For example, the Band 7 / Band 41 frequency bands of cellular communication systems may interfere with high-frequency WiFi channels. Therefore, in practical applications, a high-suppression coexistence filter can be used to block high-frequency channels to resolve the interference problem, depending on the interference situation.

[0004] However, since channel blocking is likely to affect the working status of other components in electronic devices, causing some components or functions to become unusable, it will affect the normal use of electronic devices.

[0005] It is evident that existing technologies suffer from poor isolation between antennas operating at different frequencies in electronic devices. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to solve the problem of poor isolation between different frequency antennas in existing electronic devices. Therefore, this embodiment provides an antenna and an electronic device, and constructs a brand-new antenna structure. This antenna can generate two radiation nulls outside the antenna's operating frequency band, which helps the antenna to achieve filtering function without changing its own radiation characteristics, thereby improving the isolation between different frequency antennas in the electronic device and helping to improve the anti-interference capability of the electronic device.

[0007] This application provides an antenna, including:

[0008] Multiple radiators, including a first radiator, a second radiator, and a third radiator located on the same plane and arranged side by side and spaced apart in a first direction, wherein the second radiator and the third radiator are respectively located on both sides of the first radiator, a first gap is formed between the second radiator and the first radiator, and a second gap is formed between the third radiator and the first radiator; the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator are all spaced apart from the ground and arranged opposite to each other in a second direction.

[0009] A power supply component, one end of which is connected to the power supply connection point of the first radiator, and the other end of which is connected to the power supply point;

[0010] A first grounding element, a second grounding element, a third grounding element, and a fourth grounding element are spaced apart in a first direction; one end of the first grounding element is connected to the first grounding point of the first radiator, and the other end is grounded; one end of the second grounding element is connected to the second grounding point of the first radiator, and the other end is grounded; and both the first and second grounding elements are spaced apart from the power supply element in a third direction; one end of the third grounding element is connected to the grounding point of the second radiator, and the other end is grounded; one end of the fourth grounding element is connected to the grounding point of the third radiator, and the other end is grounded.

[0011] The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other, with the first direction parallel to the width direction of the first radiator and the third direction parallel to the length direction of the first radiator.

[0012] In this embodiment, a novel antenna structure is constructed by arranging a first radiator, a second radiator, and a third radiator in parallel and spaced apart, and by connecting a first grounding element, a second grounding element, a third grounding element, a fourth grounding element, and a feed element to the corresponding radiators. This allows for the simultaneous formation of hybrid coupling of electrical and magnetic coupling between the radiators. This helps to change the proportion of electrical and magnetic coupling in the total coupling by using the first and second gaps, while ensuring that the total coupling strength of the antenna remains constant. Consequently, the antenna can generate two radiation null points (or points with very low antenna efficiency) outside the operating frequency band, thereby achieving filtering function without changing its own radiation characteristics. This helps to improve the isolation between antennas of different frequencies in electronic devices and lays the foundation for improving the anti-interference capability of electronic devices.

[0013] Furthermore, the antenna in this application embodiment has the characteristics of simple feeding structure, compact antenna structure and small size, which can help to make electronic devices smaller and thinner when applied to electronic devices.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first gap enables the electrical coupling strength between the first radiator and the second radiator to be the first target strength at the first target frequency, and the second gap enables the electrical coupling strength between the first radiator and the third radiator to be the second target strength at the second target frequency.

[0015] The antenna operates between the first target frequency and the second target frequency.

[0016] In some embodiments, the antenna has a radiation null point at the first target frequency and the second target frequency.

[0017] In this embodiment, the first gap and the second gap enable the antenna to generate a radiation null point (or a point with very low antenna efficiency) at each of the two target frequencies while maintaining a constant total coupling strength. When the frequency of the radio frequency signal received by the antenna is at the frequency of the radiation null point or outside the antenna's operating frequency band, the antenna efficiency is very low and it cannot work properly. Since the operating frequency band of the antenna in this embodiment is located between the two target frequencies, the antenna in this embodiment can achieve higher efficiency within its own operating frequency band and lower efficiency outside its own operating frequency band. This results in higher edge selectivity of the antenna efficiency, realizing a filtering function, which helps to improve the isolation between antennas of different frequencies in electronic devices, thereby improving the anti-interference capability of electronic devices.

[0018] In some embodiments, the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator are all strip-shaped.

[0019] In some possible embodiments, at least one of the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator is provided with at least one widening portion and / or at least one narrowing portion.

[0020] In some possible embodiments, a widening portion is provided on the side of the first end and the second end of the first radiator near the second radiator.

[0021] In some possible embodiments, a narrowing portion is provided at the second end of the first radiator near the side of the third radiator.

[0022] In some possible embodiments, widening portions are provided on both sides of the radiator segment where the first grounding point and the second grounding point are located in the first radiator.

[0023] In some possible embodiments, the radiator segment of the second radiator located on the grounding point side of the second radiator and near the feed point has a narrowing section on the side near the first radiator.

[0024] In some possible embodiments, the radiator segment of the third radiator located on the side of the grounding point of the third radiator and close to the feed point has a narrowing section on the side near the first radiator.

[0025] In some possible embodiments, the first radiator includes a first radiator segment, a main radiator segment, a second radiator segment, a third radiator segment, and a fourth radiator segment connected sequentially along its length; a first grounding point and a second grounding point are located in the second radiator segment, and a power supply connection point is located in the third radiator segment;

[0026] Using a plane parallel to the cross-section of the first radiator as the first projection plane, the projection of the main radiator segment on the first projection plane lies within the projection of the second radiator segment on the first projection plane. The projection of the third radiator segment on the first projection plane covers the projection of the main radiator segment on the first projection plane and lies within the projection of the second radiator segment on the first projection plane. The projection of the first radiator segment on the first projection plane covers the projection of the main radiator segment on the first projection plane and lies within the projection of the second radiator segment on the first projection plane. In the projection of the fourth radiator segment on the first projection plane, part of the projection lies within the projection of the main radiator segment on the first projection plane, and the remaining part of the projection lies outside the projection of the main radiator segment on the first projection plane. The centerlines of the main radiator segment, the second radiator segment, and the third radiator segment coincide. The centerlines of the first radiator segment and the fourth radiator segment are both located between the centerline of the main radiator segment and the second radiator.

[0027] The second radiator includes a main radiator segment and a secondary radiator segment connected sequentially along its length, and the grounding point of the second radiator is located at the main radiator segment of the second radiator;

[0028] The projection of the secondary radiator segment of the second radiator on the first projection plane is located within the projection of the primary radiator segment of the second radiator on the first projection plane, and the centerline of the secondary radiator segment of the second radiator is located on the side of the centerline of the primary radiator segment of the second radiator away from the first radiator.

[0029] The third radiator includes a main radiator segment and a secondary radiator segment connected sequentially along its length, and the grounding point of the third radiator is located at the main radiator segment of the third radiator;

[0030] The projection of the secondary radiator segment of the third radiator on the first projection plane is located within the projection of the primary radiator segment of the third radiator on the first projection plane, and the centerline of the secondary radiator segment of the third radiator is located on the side of the centerline of the primary radiator segment of the third radiator away from the first radiator.

[0031] In some possible embodiments, the grounding point of the second radiator is located in the radiator segment of the main radiator segment of the second radiator that is close to the secondary radiator segment of the second radiator; the grounding point of the third radiator is located in the radiator segment of the main radiator segment of the third radiator that is close to the secondary radiator segment of the third radiator.

[0032] In some possible embodiments, the plane parallel to the longitudinal section of the first radiator is used as the second projection plane. The projection of the main radiator segment of the third radiator on the second projection plane is located within the projection of the main radiator segment of the second radiator on the second projection plane. The projection of the secondary radiator segment of the third radiator on the second projection plane is located within the projection of the secondary radiator segment of the second radiator on the second projection plane. The projection of the first radiator segment of the first radiator on the second projection plane is located outside the projection of the main radiator segment of the third radiator on the second projection plane. The projection of the fourth radiator segment on the second projection plane is partially located within the projection of the secondary radiator segment of the third radiator on the second projection plane, and the remaining part is located outside the projection of the secondary radiator segment of the third radiator on the second projection plane.

[0033] In some possible embodiments, the projections of the main radiator segment of the first radiator and the second radiator segment on the second projection plane are located within the projection of the main radiator segment of the third radiator on the second projection plane.

[0034] In some embodiments, along a third direction, both ends of the second radiator are located between the two ends of the first radiator, and both ends of the third radiator are located between the two ends of the second radiator.

[0035] In some embodiments, each of the plurality of radiators can generate at least two resonances, and the resonant frequencies corresponding to the at least two resonances generated by each radiator are located in different operating frequency bands of the antenna.

[0036] In some embodiments, the first resonant frequency of each of the plurality of radiators is located in the first operating frequency band of the antenna.

[0037] In some embodiments, the second resonant frequency of each of the plurality of radiators is located in the second operating frequency band of the antenna.

[0038] In some embodiments, in a third-party direction, the radiator segments located on both sides of the feed connection point in the first radiator are respectively used to generate the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency of the first radiator.

[0039] In the third direction, the radiator segments located on both sides of the grounding point of the second radiator are used to generate the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency of the second radiator, respectively.

[0040] In the third direction, the radiator segments located on both sides of the grounding point of the third radiator are used to generate the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency of the third radiator, respectively.

[0041] The first resonant frequency of the first radiator, the first resonant frequency of the second radiator, and the first resonant frequency of the third radiator are all located in the first operating frequency band of the antenna.

[0042] The second resonant frequency points of the first radiator, the second resonant frequency point of the second radiator, and the second resonant frequency point of the third radiator are all located in the second operating frequency band of the antenna.

[0043] In some embodiments, in the third direction, the electrical length of the radiator segment located on one side of the feed connection point in the first radiator is 1 / 4 of the operating wavelength corresponding to the first resonant frequency of the first radiator, and the electrical length of the radiator segment located on the other side of the feed connection point is 1 / 4 of the operating wavelength corresponding to the second resonant frequency of the first radiator.

[0044] In the third direction, the electrical length of the radiator segment located on the side of the grounding point of the second radiator is 1 / 4 of the operating wavelength corresponding to the first resonant frequency of the second radiator; the electrical length of the radiator segment located on the other side of the grounding point of the second radiator is 1 / 4 of the operating wavelength corresponding to the second resonant frequency of the second radiator.

[0045] In the third direction, the electrical length of the radiator segment located on one side of the grounding point of the third radiator is 1 / 4 of the operating wavelength corresponding to the first resonant frequency of the third radiator; the electrical length of the radiator segment located on the other side of the grounding point of the third radiator is 1 / 4 of the operating wavelength corresponding to the second resonant frequency of the third radiator.

[0046] In some possible embodiments, the antenna is a dual-band WiFi antenna, with the first operating frequency band of the antenna being 2.4GHz to 2.52GHz and the second operating frequency band being 5GHz to 5.88GHz.

[0047] In some possible embodiments, the feed connection point is located at 1 / 3 of the length of the first radiator.

[0048] In some possible embodiments, both the first grounding point and the second grounding point are located at 1 / 3 of the length of the first radiator.

[0049] In some possible embodiments, along a third direction, the grounding point of the first grounding point, the grounding point of the second grounding body, and the grounding point of the third grounding body are all located on the same side of the power supply grounding point.

[0050] In some embodiments, along the first direction, the first grounding point is located between the second grounding point and the grounding point of the second radiator, and the distance between the first grounding point and the second grounding point, the distance between the first grounding point and the grounding point of the second radiator, and the distance between the second grounding point and the grounding point of the third radiator are all less than or equal to 10 mm.

[0051] In some embodiments, along the first direction, the distance d1 between the first grounding point and the second grounding point is: 0.4mm≤d1≤4.4mm, the distance d2 between the first grounding point and the grounding point of the second radiator is: 0.6mm≤d2≤4.6mm, and the distance d3 between the second grounding point and the grounding point of the third radiator is: 0.5mm≤d3≤4.5mm.

[0052] In some embodiments, along a third direction, the distance between the first grounding point and the second grounding point, the distance between the grounding point of the second radiator and the first grounding point, and the distance between the grounding point of the third radiator and the second grounding point are all less than or equal to 10 mm.

[0053] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the first grounding element, the second grounding element, the third grounding element, and the fourth grounding element are offset upwards from the third grounding element.

[0054] In some possible embodiments, the first grounding element and the second grounding element are aligned upwards on the third side.

[0055] In some possible embodiments, the third and fourth grounding elements are aligned upwards.

[0056] In some embodiments, the antenna height h0 is: 4mm≤h0≤6mm.

[0057] In some possible embodiments, the antenna height h0 is 5 mm.

[0058] In some embodiments, the power supply element, the first grounding element, the second grounding element, the third grounding element, and the fourth grounding element all extend along a second direction.

[0059] In some possible embodiments, the cross-sections of the power supply element, the first grounding element, the second grounding element, the third grounding element, and the fourth grounding element are all circular or rectangular.

[0060] This application provides an electronic device including the antenna provided in any of the above embodiments or any possible embodiments.

[0061] In some possible embodiments, the antenna is located at the edge of the floor of the electronic device.

[0062] In some embodiments, the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator are all formed from conductive components within the electronic device;

[0063] The power supply component, the first grounding component, the second grounding component, the third grounding component, and the fourth grounding component are all formed from conductive parts of the electronic equipment.

[0064] In some possible embodiments, the electronic device also includes a bracket, through which the antenna is supported and fixed within the electronic device. Attached Figure Description

[0065] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the antenna in the embodiments of this application;

[0066] Figure 2a This is a top view of the antenna structure in an embodiment of this application;

[0067] Figure 2b This is a partially enlarged top view of the antenna structure in an embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the antenna in the electronic device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0069] Figure 4 The S11 parameter curve and antenna efficiency curve are obtained when performing simulation effect tests on the antenna of the embodiment of this application;

[0070] Figures 5a-5c This is an antenna current distribution diagram obtained during a simulation test of the antenna in the first operating frequency band according to an embodiment of this application.

[0071] Figures 6a-6c This is an antenna current distribution diagram obtained during a simulation test of the antenna in the second operating frequency band according to an embodiment of this application.

[0072] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a monopole antenna in a reference design;

[0073] Figure 8 The graph shows the effect curves of the S11 parameters compared when the simulation effect test was performed on the monopole antenna and the antenna of the embodiment of this application, respectively.

[0074] Figure 9 The above is a graph showing the comparison of antenna efficiency obtained when the simulation effect test was performed on the monopole antenna and the antenna of the embodiment of this application, respectively.

[0075] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a monopole antenna and a main antenna arranged on a shark fin floor in an electronic device.

[0076] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the antenna and main antenna arranged on a shark fin floor in an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0077] Figure 12The comparison curves of S11 parameters of each antenna in the electronic device and the comparison curves of isolation between each antenna are obtained by conducting simulation effect tests on electronic devices using monopole antennas and electronic devices using antennas according to the embodiments of this application, respectively.

[0078] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the antenna according to an embodiment of this application, wherein the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator are located on at least two planes;

[0079] Figure 14 This is a side view of the antenna structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0080] Figure 15 This is a top view of the antenna structure according to an embodiment of this application, wherein the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator are located on at least two planes;

[0081] Figure 16 The S11 parameter curve and antenna efficiency curve are obtained from the simulation effect analysis of the antenna in the embodiment of this application;

[0082] Figures 17a-17c The antenna current distribution diagram is obtained by performing simulation effect analysis on the antenna of the embodiment of this application;

[0083] Figures 18a-18c These are schematic diagrams illustrating the structural principles of the antennas for the first, second, and third reference designs, respectively.

[0084] Figure 19 The above are comparison curves of antenna efficiency obtained from simulation tests of the antennas of the embodiments of this application and the antennas of three reference designs.

[0085] Figure 20 The graph shows the effect curves of S11 parameters compared by performing simulation effect tests on the antenna and monopole antenna of the embodiments of this application, respectively.

[0086] Figure 21 The graphs show the comparison of antenna efficiency obtained from simulation tests of the antenna and monopole antenna in the embodiments of this application, respectively.

[0087] Figure 22 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram illustrating the implementation of dual-band WiFi functionality in an electronic device using an antenna according to an embodiment of this application.

[0088] Figure 23 The above is a comparison curve of S11 parameters obtained from simulation tests of electronic devices that implement dual-band WiFi using monopole antennas and electronic devices that implement dual-band WiFi using antennas according to the embodiments of this application.

[0089] Figure 24 The figure shows a comparison of antenna efficiency curves obtained from simulation tests of electronic devices that implement dual-band WiFi using monopole antennas and electronic devices that implement dual-band WiFi using antennas according to embodiments of this application.

[0090] Figure 25 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the antenna and main antenna arranged on a shark fin floor in an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0091] Figure 26 The above is a comparison curve of the S11 parameters and antenna efficiency of each antenna in the electronic device obtained by conducting simulation effect tests on electronic devices using monopole antennas as dual-band WiFi antennas and electronic devices using antennas according to the embodiments of this application as dual-band WiFi antennas.

[0092] Figure 27a This is a front layout diagram of a WiFi antenna and a communication antenna in an electronic device in a reference design, wherein the WiFi antenna is a loop antenna;

[0093] Figure 27b This is a schematic diagram of the rear layout of a WiFi antenna and a communication antenna in an electronic device in a reference design, wherein the WiFi antenna is a loop antenna;

[0094] Figure 27c This is a schematic diagram of the front layout structure of the WiFi antenna and communication antenna of the electronic device in the embodiments of this application, wherein the WiFi antenna adopts the antenna of the embodiments of this application;

[0095] Figure 27d This is a schematic diagram of the rear layout structure of the WiFi antenna and communication antenna of the electronic device in the embodiments of this application, wherein the WiFi antenna adopts the antenna of the embodiments of this application;

[0096] Figure 28 This is a comparison curve of the isolation between the WiFi antenna and the communication antenna in an electronic device obtained by conducting simulation effect tests on an electronic device that uses a loop antenna as a WiFi antenna and an electronic device that uses the embodiment of this application as a WiFi antenna, respectively.

[0097] Figure 29 To analyze the simulation effects of electronic devices using different types of antennas as WiFi antennas, a comparison curve of the isolation between WiFi antennas and communication antennas in the electronic devices was obtained.

[0098] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0099] 1: Antenna;

[0100] 11: First radiator; 110: Main radiator segment; 111: First radiator segment; 112: Second radiator segment; 113: Third radiator segment; 114: Fourth radiator segment; 12: Second radiator; 121: Main radiator segment; 122: Secondary radiator segment; 13: Third radiator; 131: Main radiator segment; 132: Secondary radiator segment;

[0101] 101: First gap; 102: Second gap; 14: First grounding component; 15: Second grounding component; 16: Third grounding component; 17: Fourth grounding component; 18: Power supply component;

[0102] A0: Power supply connection point; B1: First grounding point; B2: Second grounding point; B3: Grounding point; B4: Grounding point;

[0103] E1, E2, E3, E4: Widened sections; F1, F2, F3: Narrowed sections;

[0104] 2: Electronic devices;

[0105] 20: PCB board; 21: Bracket; 22: Shark fin floor; 23: Outer shell; 24: Main antenna;

[0106] C1: First projection plane; C2: Second projection plane;

[0107] S1: First region; S2: Second region; S3: Third region; S4: Fourth region;

[0108] 1A: Antenna;

[0109] 11A: First radiator; 111A: Main radiator segment; 112A: Secondary radiator segment; 12A: Second radiator;

[0110] 121A: Primary radiator segment; 122A: Secondary radiator segment; 13A: Tertiary radiator; 131A: Primary radiator segment; 132A: Secondary radiator segment;

[0111] 101A: First gap; 102A: Second gap; 103A: Third gap; 15A: First grounding component; 16A: Second grounding component; 18A: Power supply component; 181A: First stub; 182A: Second stub; RF: Radio frequency source;

[0112] 20A: PCB board; 201A: Dielectric substrate; 202A: Grounding metal layer; 21A: Support; 211A: Support body; 212A: Connecting part; 213A: Connecting part; 22A: Shark fin ground plane; 24A: Main antenna;

[0113] W: First direction; H: Second direction; L: Third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0114] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this application from the content disclosed in this specification. Although the description of this application will be presented in conjunction with some embodiments, this does not mean that the features of this application are limited to this embodiment. On the contrary, the purpose of describing the application in conjunction with embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that may be derived based on the claims of this application. To provide a thorough understanding of this application, many specific details will be included in the following description. This application may also be implemented without using these details. Furthermore, to avoid confusion or obscuring the focus of this application, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0115] It should be noted that in this specification, similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0116] The following explains the terms that may appear in the embodiments of this application.

[0117] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0118] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0119] Relative arrangement: This can be understood as being arranged face-to-face or having at least partial overlap along a certain direction. In one embodiment, two radiators arranged relative to each other are adjacent and there are no other radiators between them.

[0120] Coupling can be understood as direct coupling and / or indirect coupling. "Coupled connection" can be understood as a direct coupling connection and / or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be called "electrical connection," which can be understood as physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as the form of connection between different components in a circuit structure through physical lines that can transmit electrical signals, such as copper foil or wires on a printed circuit board (PCB). "Indirect coupling" can be understood as electrical conduction between two conductors through a gap / non-contact method. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be called capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by forming an equivalent capacitance through coupling between the gaps between two conductive parts.

[0121] The coupling in this application may include electrical coupling, i.e., capacitive coupling, such as signal transmission achieved by forming an equivalent capacitance through coupling between the gaps between two conductive components; it may also include magnetic coupling, i.e., electromagnetic coupling, also known as mutual inductance coupling, which occurs when there is mutual inductance between two circuits, causing current changes in one circuit to affect the other circuit through mutual inductance. There is a close coordination and mutual influence between the inputs and outputs of two or more circuit elements or electrical networks, and signal transmission is achieved through this interaction.

[0122] Ground / Plug: This can broadly refer to at least a portion of any grounding layer, ground plane, or grounding metal layer within an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), or at least a portion of any combination of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding components. "Ground / Plug" can be used for grounding components within an electronic device. In one embodiment, "Ground / Plug" can be the grounding layer of a circuit board in an electronic device, or a grounding metal layer formed by a ground plane formed within the frame of the electronic device or a metal film formed beneath the screen. In one embodiment, the circuit board can be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12-14-layer board with 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or components separated and electrically insulated by dielectric or insulating layers such as fiberglass or polymers. In one embodiment, the circuit board includes a dielectric substrate, a ground layer, and a trace layer, with the trace layer and ground layer electrically connected via vias. In one embodiment, components such as displays, touchscreens, input buttons, transmitters, processors, memory, batteries, charging circuits, and system-on-chip (SoC) architectures can be mounted on or connected to a circuit board; or electrically connected to trace layers and / or ground layers in the circuit board. For example, an RF source is disposed on a trace layer.

[0123] Any of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding metal layers are made of conductive materials. In one embodiment, the conductive material may be any of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil on an insulating substrate and tin-plated copper, graphite-impregnated cloth, graphite-coated substrates, copper-plated substrates, brass-plated substrates, and aluminum-plated substrates. Those skilled in the art will understand that grounding layers / ground planes / grounding metal layers may also be made of other conductive materials.

[0124] Electrical length: can be expressed as the ratio of physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) to the ratio of the time it takes for an electrical or electromagnetic signal to travel in a medium to the time required for that signal to travel a distance in free space equal to the physical length of the medium. Electrical length can be expressed by the following formula:

[0125]

[0126] Where L is the physical length, a is the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the transmission time in free space.

[0127] Alternatively, electrical length can also refer to the ratio of physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave propagating in the medium. Electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0128]

[0129] Where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0130] The terms collinearity, coaxiality, coplanarity, symmetry (e.g., axial symmetry, or central symmetry), parallelism, perpendicularity, and similarity (e.g., same length, same width, etc.) mentioned in the embodiments of this application are all relative to the current technological level, and not absolute and strict mathematical definitions. For two collinear radiating stubs or two antenna elements, there may be a deviation of less than a predetermined threshold (e.g., 1 mm, 0.5 m, or 0.1 mm) in the line width direction between their edges. For two coplanar radiating stubs or two antenna elements, there may be a deviation of less than a predetermined threshold (e.g., 1 mm, 0.5 m, or 0.1 mm) in the direction perpendicular to their coplanar plane. For two parallel or perpendicular antenna elements, there may be a deviation of a predetermined angle (e.g., ±5°, ±10°).

[0131] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0132] The technical solutions provided in this application are applicable to electronic devices having one or more of the following communication technologies: Bluetooth (BT) communication technology, Global Positioning System (GPS) communication technology, Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) communication technology, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) technology, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) communication technology, Long Term Evolution (LTE) communication technology, 5G communication technology, Sub-6G communication technology, and other future communication technologies. The electronic devices in the embodiments of this application can be mobile phones, tablets, laptops, smart home devices, smart bracelets, smartwatches, smart helmets, smart glasses, devices in vehicle antenna systems (e.g., car shark fins), etc. Electronic devices can also be handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, vehicle-mounted devices, electronic devices in 5G networks, or electronic devices in future evolved public land mobile networks (PLMNs), wireless routers, or Customer Premise Equipment (CPE), etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited thereto.

[0133] Please see Figures 1 to 2b , Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the antenna in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2a This is a top view of the antenna structure in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2b This is a partially enlarged top view of the antenna structure in an embodiment of this application.

[0134] like Figure 1 As shown, the antenna 1 provided in this application includes a feed element 18 and a plurality of radiators. The plurality of radiators include a first radiator 11, a second radiator 12 and a third radiator 13 located in the same plane (e.g., coplanar) and arranged side by side at intervals in a first direction W. The first radiator 11, the second radiator 12 and the third radiator 13 are all arranged at intervals opposite to the ground in a second direction H.

[0135] Please see Figure 1 and combined Figure 2aIt is understood that one end of the power supply component 18 is connected to the power supply connection point A0 of the first radiator 11, and the other end is connected to the power supply point (not shown in the figure). The power supply point can be understood as a signal output terminal of the radio frequency source, such as the output pin of the radio frequency chip, or the output terminal of the signal transmission line used to connect the radio frequency source. As long as it can be electrically connected to the radio frequency source and receive radio frequency signals through the power supply point, it does not deviate from the scope of this embodiment.

[0136] In the first direction W, the second radiator 12 and the third radiator 13 are located on both sides of the first radiator 11, and a first gap 101 is formed between the second radiator 12 and the first radiator 11, and a second gap 102 is formed between the third radiator 13 and the first radiator 11.

[0137] The first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12 can be electrically coupled through the first gap 101 to transmit energy, and the first radiator 11 and the third radiator can be electrically coupled through the second gap 102 to transmit energy.

[0138] The antenna also includes a first grounding element 14, a second grounding element 15, a third grounding element 16, and a fourth grounding element 17 spaced apart in the first direction W. One end of the first grounding element 14 is connected to the first grounding point B1 of the first radiator 11, and the other end is grounded (e.g., PCB board 20). One end of the second grounding element 15 is connected to the second grounding point B2 of the first radiator 11, and the other end is grounded. Both the first grounding element 14 and the second grounding element 15 are spaced apart from the feed element 18 in the third direction L.

[0139] One end of the third grounding component 16 is connected to the grounding point B3 of the second radiator 12, and the other end is grounded. One end of the fourth grounding component 17 is connected to the grounding point B4 of the third radiator 13, and the other end is grounded.

[0140] Among them, the first direction W, the second direction H and the third direction L are perpendicular to each other, and the first direction W is parallel to the width direction of the first radiator 11, and the third direction L is parallel to the length direction of the first radiator 11.

[0141] The structure in which the first radiator 11 is connected to the feed point A0 through the feed element 18 and grounded through the first ground element 14 and the second ground element 15 can be understood as similar to the structure of a planar inverted F-shaped antenna (or PIFA antenna).

[0142] In one embodiment, the power supply component 18, the first grounding component 14, the second grounding component 15, the third grounding component 16, and the fourth grounding component 17 all extend along the second direction H. The power supply component 18 can be a metal pillar or a hollow metal pillar formed through a metal through-hole in a bracket 21 (which can be a dielectric block). The first grounding component 14, the second grounding component 15, the third grounding component 16, and the fourth grounding component 17 can be metal pillars or hollow metal pillars formed through metal through-holes in the bracket 21.

[0143] In one embodiment, the ground may be formed by a grounding metal layer in the PCB board 20, and the first grounding element 14, the second grounding element 15, the third grounding element 16, and the fourth grounding element 17 are connected to the grounding metal layer in the PCB board 20 through metal vias. In other embodiments, the ground may also be formed by a metal plate in the electronic device.

[0144] The second direction H can be understood as the direction parallel to the thickness of the first radiator 11. Therefore, the power supply component 18, the first grounding component 14, the second grounding component 15, and the third grounding component 16 can be understood as being set perpendicular to the corresponding radiator.

[0145] In one embodiment, the cross-sections of the power supply component 18, the first grounding component 14, the second grounding component 15, the third grounding component 16, and the fourth grounding component 17 are all circular. The cross-sectional dimensions of the power supply component 18 and each grounding component are not limited. For another embodiment, please refer to... Figure 2a The cross-sectional radius R1 of the first grounding member 14 can be 0.35 mm, the cross-sectional radius R2 of the fourth grounding member 17 can be 0.25 mm, the inner wall radius Rf1 of the power supply member 18 (hollow metal column) can be 0.25 mm, the outer wall radius Rf2 can be 0.5 mm, and other alternative embodiments can also have other dimensions.

[0146] In other alternative embodiments, the cross-sections of the power supply component 18 and each grounding component may be rectangular, or partially circular with the remaining portion rectangular, or may be other shapes, which are not limited in this application.

[0147] The first grounding element 14, the second grounding element 15, the third grounding element 16, and the fourth grounding element 17 can be either staggered or aligned in the third direction L.

[0148] In one embodiment, at least some of the first grounding element 14, the second grounding element 15, the third grounding element 16, and the fourth grounding element 17 are offset in the third direction L. In one example, the first grounding element 14 and the second grounding element 16 are aligned in the third direction L, the third grounding element 16 and the fourth grounding element 17 are aligned in the third direction L, and the first grounding element 14 and the third grounding element 16 are offset in the third direction L. In other examples, all four grounding elements may be offset in the third direction L.

[0149] Furthermore, the antenna height in this application embodiment is not limited. The antenna height h0 can be understood as the distance between the upper surface of the radiator farthest from the floor and the ground. In one embodiment, the antenna height h0 is: 4mm≤h0≤6mm, for example, the antenna height h0 can be 5mm.

[0150] After the antenna is connected to the radio frequency source, it can excite a current with a sine and cosine distribution on the first radiator 11, the second radiator 12 and the third radiator 13. Since the first radiator 11, the second radiator 12 and the third radiator 13 are all set perpendicular to the corresponding radiator, the changing current on the radiator can generate a corresponding magnetic field around the feed element 18, the first ground element 14, the second ground element 15, the third ground element 16 and the fourth ground element 17, thereby generating a mixed coupling of electrical coupling and magnetic coupling between the radiators.

[0151] As can be seen, the embodiments of this application construct a novel antenna structure by using a first radiator 11, a second radiator 12, and a third radiator 13 arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and a first grounding element 14, a second grounding element 15, a third grounding element 16, a fourth grounding element 17, and a feed element 18 connected to the corresponding radiators. This allows for the simultaneous formation of hybrid coupling of electrical and magnetic coupling between the radiators, generating a third-order Chebyshev bandpass filter response. This helps to change the proportion of electrical and magnetic coupling in the total coupling by using the first and second gaps, while ensuring that the total coupling strength of the antenna remains unchanged. This allows the antenna to generate two radiation nulls (or points with very low antenna efficiency) outside the operating frequency band, thereby achieving the filtering function without changing its own radiation characteristics. This helps to improve the isolation between antennas of different frequencies in electronic devices and lays the foundation for improving the anti-interference capability of electronic devices.

[0152] Furthermore, the antenna in this application embodiment has the characteristics of simple feeding structure, compact antenna structure and small size, which can help to make electronic devices smaller and thinner when applied to electronic devices.

[0153] In one embodiment, the first gap 101 enables the electrical coupling strength between the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12 to be the first target strength at the first target frequency, and the second gap 102 enables the electrical coupling strength between the first radiator 11 and the third radiator 13 to be the second target strength at the second target frequency, so that the antenna can generate two radiation nulls at the first target frequency and the second target frequency.

[0154] The antenna operates between the first target frequency and the second target frequency.

[0155] It should be noted that the antenna in the embodiments of this application can be a single-frequency antenna or a multi-frequency antenna, such as a dual-frequency antenna. That is, the antenna can operate on one frequency band or multiple frequency bands, and this application does not limit this.

[0156] The first target frequency can be understood as a frequency point at the upper edge of the passband, or a frequency point lower than the lower limit of the antenna's operating frequency band. The second target frequency can be understood as a frequency point at the lower edge of the passband, or a frequency point higher than the upper limit of the antenna's operating frequency band. (For details, please refer to the following text.) Figure 4 (Related description and understanding). In the embodiments of this application, both the first target strength and the second target strength can be understood as very low electrical coupling strength. Under this coupling strength, the antenna efficiency is very poor and it cannot work normally. The specific values ​​of the first target strength and the second target strength can be the same or different.

[0157] Since the antenna of this embodiment can simultaneously form a hybrid coupling of electrical and magnetic coupling on each radiator when connected to a radio frequency source, the electrical coupling strength between the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12, as well as between the first radiator 11 and the third radiator 13, can be adjusted by reasonably setting the size of the first gap 101 and the second gap 102. At a frequency point (i.e., the first target frequency point) at the upper edge of the current operating frequency band of the antenna, a point with an electrical coupling strength of the first target strength (i.e., very low electrical coupling strength) can be formed, and at a frequency point (i.e., the second target frequency point) at the lower edge of the current operating frequency band of the antenna, a point with an electrical coupling strength of the second target strength (i.e., very low electrical coupling strength) can be formed. At the same time, the electromagnetic hybrid coupling generated between the radiators by the corresponding magnetic fields generated by the feed element 18, the first ground element 14, the second ground element 15, the third ground element 16, and the fourth ground element 17 can ensure that the total coupling strength between each radiator (e.g., the first radiator 11, the second radiator 12, and the third radiator 13) remains unchanged, thereby ensuring that the radiation characteristics of the antenna are not affected.

[0158] As can be seen, in this embodiment, the first gap 101 and the second gap 102 enable the antenna to generate a radiation null point (or a point with very low antenna efficiency) at each of the two target frequencies while maintaining a constant total coupling strength. When the frequency of the radio frequency signal received by the antenna is at the frequency of the radiation null point or outside the antenna's operating frequency band, the antenna efficiency is very low and it cannot function properly. Since the operating frequency band of the antenna in this embodiment is located between the two target frequencies, the antenna in this embodiment achieves higher efficiency within its own operating frequency band and lower efficiency outside its own operating frequency band. In other words, the antenna in this embodiment can receive radio frequency signals within its operating frequency band and suppress radio frequency signals outside its operating frequency band. This results in high edge selectivity for antenna efficiency, achieving a filtering function, which helps improve the isolation between antennas of different frequencies in electronic devices, thereby improving the anti-interference capability of electronic devices.

[0159] The shape of the radiator is not limited; it can be triangular, square-ringed, circular, fan-shaped, etc. In one embodiment, such as... Figures 1 to 2b As shown, the first radiator 11, the second radiator 12, and the third radiator 13 are all strip-shaped.

[0160] Please see Figure 2b In one embodiment, the first radiator 11, the second radiator 12, and the third radiator 13 are each provided with at least one widening portion and / or at least one narrowing portion. In one embodiment, the first end and the second end of the first radiator 11 are each provided with a widening portion (e.g., widening portion E1 and widening portion E2) on the side near the second radiator 12.

[0161] In one embodiment, a narrowing portion F1 is provided on the side of the second end of the first radiator 11 near the third radiator 13. In one embodiment, widening portions (e.g., widening portions E3 and widening portions E4) are provided on both sides of the radiator segment of the first radiator 11 where the first grounding point B1 and the second grounding point B2 are located. In one embodiment, a narrowing portion F2 is provided on the side of the second radiator 12 located on the grounding point B3 side of the second radiator and near the feed point A0, near the first radiator 11. In one embodiment, a narrowing portion F3 is provided on the side of the third radiator 13 located on the grounding point B4 side of the third radiator and near the feed point A0, near the first radiator 11.

[0162] In one implementation, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2aUnderstandably, the first radiator 11 comprises a first radiator segment 111, a main radiator segment 110, a second radiator segment 112, a third radiator segment 113, and a fourth radiator segment 114 connected sequentially along its length direction (parallel to the third direction L). A first grounding point B1 and a second grounding point B2 are located on the second radiator segment 112, and a power supply connection point A0 is located on the third radiator segment 113.

[0163] Taking the plane parallel to the cross-section of the first radiator 11 as the first projection plane C1, the projection of the main radiator segment 110 on the first projection plane C1 is located within the projection of the second radiator segment 112 on the first projection plane C1. The projection of the third radiator segment 113 on the first projection plane C1 covers the projection of the main radiator segment 110 on the first projection plane C1 and is located within the projection of the second radiator segment 112 on the first projection plane C1. The projection of the first radiator segment 111 on the first projection plane C1 covers the projection of the main radiator segment 110 on the first projection plane C1 and is located within the projection of the second radiator segment 112 on the first projection plane C1. In the projection of the fourth radiator segment 114 on the first projection plane C1, part of the projection is located within the projection of the main radiator segment 110 on the first projection plane C1, and the remaining part of the projection is located outside the projection of the main radiator segment 110 on the first projection plane C1. In one embodiment, the center lines of the main radiator segment 110, the second radiator segment 112, and the third radiator segment 113 coincide, and the center lines of the first radiator segment 111 and the fourth radiator segment 114 are both located between the center line of the main radiator segment 110 and the second radiator 12.

[0164] In other alternative embodiments, the centerlines of the main radiator segment 110, the second radiator segment 112, and the third radiator segment 113 may not coincide. For example, the centerline of the second radiator segment 112 may be offset relative to the centerline of the main radiator segment 110 towards the second radiator 12, or offset away from the second radiator 12. The centerlines of the first radiator segment 111 and the fourth radiator segment 114 may also be located between the centerline of the main radiator segment 110 and the third radiator 13, or they may coincide with the centerline of the main radiator segment 110. Specifically, the design can be adjusted to match the length of the radiator and the operating frequency band of the antenna. This application does not limit this, as long as the shape of the first radiator 11 can make the first gap 101 meet the coupling strength requirements of the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12, and the first radiator 11 and the third radiator 13, it does not depart from the scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0165] The second radiator 12 includes a main radiator segment 121 and a secondary radiator segment 122 connected sequentially along its length. The grounding point B3 of the second radiator 12 is located in the main radiator segment 121 of the second radiator 12. In one embodiment, the grounding point B3 of the second radiator is located in the main radiator segment 121 of the second radiator 12, near the secondary radiator segment 122 of the second radiator 12. The grounding point B4 of the third radiator is located in the main radiator segment 131 of the third radiator 13, near the secondary radiator segment 132 of the third radiator 13.

[0166] In one embodiment, the projection of the secondary radiator segment 122 of the second radiator 12 onto the first projection plane C1 lies within the projection of the primary radiator segment 121 of the second radiator 12 onto the first projection plane C1, and the centerline of the secondary radiator segment 122 is located on the side of the centerline of the primary radiator segment 121 away from the first radiator 11. In other alternative embodiments, the centerline of the secondary radiator segment 122 may also be located on the side of the centerline of the primary radiator segment 121 closer to the first radiator 11, or it may coincide with the centerline of the primary radiator segment 121. Specifically, the design can be adjusted to match the length of the radiator and the operating frequency band of the antenna. This application does not limit this, as long as the shape of the second radiator 12 allows the first gap 101 to meet the coupling strength requirements of the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12, it does not depart from the scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0167] The third radiator 13 includes a main radiator segment 131 and a secondary radiator segment 132 connected sequentially along its length. The grounding point B4 of the third radiator is located at the main radiator segment 131 of the third radiator 13.

[0168] The projection of the secondary radiator segment 132 of the third radiator 13 onto the first projection plane C1 lies within the projection of the main radiator segment 131 of the third radiator 13 onto the first projection plane C1, and the centerline of the secondary radiator segment 132 of the third radiator 13 lies on the side of the centerline of the main radiator segment 131 of the third radiator 13 away from the first radiator 11. In other alternative embodiments, the centerline of the secondary radiator segment 132 may also be located on the side of the centerline of the main radiator segment 131 closer to the first radiator 11, or it may coincide with the centerline of the main radiator segment 131. Specifically, the design can be adjusted to match the length of the radiator and the operating frequency band of the antenna. This application does not limit this, as long as the shape of the third radiator 13 can make the second gap 102 meet the coupling strength requirements of the first radiator 11 and the third radiator 13, it does not depart from the scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0169] In one embodiment, along a third direction L, both ends of the second radiator 12 are located between the two ends of the first radiator 11, and both ends of the third radiator 13 are located between the two ends of the second radiator 12.

[0170] Those skilled in the art should understand that the term "end" in the context of the radiating unit mentioned herein is not limited to a single end face of the radiator, but can also refer to a portion of the radiator that includes that end face, such as a 5mm or 2mm region within the end face of the radiator.

[0171] In one embodiment, the plane parallel to the longitudinal section of the first radiator 11 is designated as the second projection plane C2. The projection of the main radiator segment 131 of the third radiator 13 on the second projection plane C2 is located within the projection of the main radiator segment 121 of the second radiator 12 on the second projection plane C2. The projection of the secondary radiator segment 132 of the third radiator 13 on the second projection plane C2 is located within the projection of the secondary radiator segment 122 of the second radiator 12 on the second projection plane C2. The projection of the first radiator segment 111 of the first radiator 11 on the second projection plane C2 is located outside the projection of the main radiator segment 131 of the third radiator 13 on the second projection plane C2. The projection of the fourth radiator segment 114 on the second projection plane C2 is partially located within the projection of the secondary radiator 132 of the third radiator 13 on the second projection plane C2, and the remaining portion is located outside the projection of the secondary radiator 132 of the third radiator 13 on the second projection plane C2.

[0172] In one embodiment, the projections of the main radiator segment 110 and the second radiator segment 112 of the first radiator 11 on the second projection plane C2 are located within the projection of the main radiator segment 131 of the third radiator 13 on the second projection plane C2.

[0173] This application, through the above structure, can form as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2a The irregularly shaped first gap 101 and second gap 102 shown can be understood as follows: the width of the first gap 101 is non-uniform, and the width of the second gap 102 is also non-uniform. The width of the gap can be understood as the dimension of the gap along the first direction W. Thus, by adjusting the electrical coupling strength between the corresponding radiators through the non-uniform widths of the first gap 101 and second gap 102, two radiation null points (or points with very low antenna efficiency) are generated outside the antenna's operating frequency band. Those skilled in the art will understand that in this application, the number of radiators is not limited; it can be three or more, and the first gap 101 and second gap 102 are not limited to... Figure 1 and Figure 2aThe shape of the first radiator 11, the second radiator 12, and the third radiator 13, and their positional relationships are not limited to the above-described structure. As long as multiple radiators (e.g., the first radiator 11, the second radiator 12, and the third radiator 13), the gaps between multiple radiators (e.g., the first gap 101 and the second gap 102), and the feed member 18, the first ground member 14, the second ground member 15, the third ground member 16, and the fourth ground member 17 disposed perpendicular to the radiators, thereby generating two or more corresponding radiation null points outside the operating frequency band of the antenna, it does not depart from the scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0174] In one embodiment, each of the plurality of radiators is capable of generating at least two resonances, and the resonant frequencies corresponding to the at least two resonances generated by each radiator are respectively located in different operating frequency bands of the antenna. Here, a corresponding resonant frequency can be understood as: the radiator can generate a corresponding resonance at that resonant frequency. In one embodiment, the first resonant frequency of each of the plurality of radiators is located in the first operating frequency band of the antenna. In one embodiment, the second resonant frequency of each of the plurality of radiators is located in the second operating frequency band of the antenna.

[0175] For example, in one embodiment, each of the multiple radiators of the antenna is capable of generating two resonances; or, as can be understood, the antenna is a dual-band antenna. Please refer to the specific structure for details. Figure 2a In the third direction L, the electrical length of the radiator segment located on one side of the feed connection point A0 in the first radiator 11 is 1 / 4 of the operating wavelength corresponding to the first resonant frequency of the first radiator 11, and the electrical length of the radiator segment located on the other side of the feed connection point A0 is 1 / 4 of the operating wavelength corresponding to the second resonant frequency of the first radiator.

[0176] On the third direction L, the electrical length of the radiator segment located on one side of the grounding point B3 of the second radiator 12 is 1 / 4 of the operating wavelength corresponding to the first resonant frequency of the second radiator 12; the electrical length of the radiator segment located on the other side of the grounding point B3 of the second radiator 12 is 1 / 4 of the operating wavelength corresponding to the second resonant frequency of the second radiator 12.

[0177] On the third direction L, the electrical length of the radiator segment of the third radiator 13 located on one side of the grounding point B4 of the third radiator 13 is 1 / 4 of the operating wavelength corresponding to the first resonant frequency of the third radiator 13; the electrical length of the radiator segment located on the other side of the grounding point B4 of the third radiator 13 is 1 / 4 of the operating wavelength corresponding to the second resonant frequency of the third radiator 13.

[0178] It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the physical length of the radiator can be (1±10%) times its electrical length. For example, the physical length of the radiator segment located on the side of the feed connection point A0 in the first radiator 11 can be (1±10%) times 1 / 4 of the operating wavelength corresponding to the first resonant frequency point of the first radiator 11.

[0179] The first resonant frequency of the first radiator 11, the first resonant frequency of the second radiator 12, and the first resonant frequency of the third radiator 13 are all located in the first operating frequency band of the antenna.

[0180] The second resonant frequency points of the first radiator 11, the second resonant frequency point of the second radiator 12, and the second resonant frequency point of the third radiator 13 are all located in the second operating frequency band of the antenna. The second operating frequency band and the first operating frequency band are different operating frequency bands and do not overlap. In one embodiment, the antenna is a dual-band WiFi antenna, with the first operating frequency band being 2.4GHz to 2.52GHz, applicable to the WiFi 2.4GHz band, and the second operating frequency band being 5GHz to 5.88GHz, applicable to the WiFi 5GHz band.

[0181] Furthermore, the location of the power supply connection point A0 and the multiple grounding points is not limited. In one embodiment, the power supply connection point A0 is located at 1 / 3 of the length of the first radiator 11.

[0182] The first grounding point B1 and the second grounding point B2 can also be located at 1 / 3 of the length of the first radiator 11 (in this case, the power supply connection point A0 is not located at 1 / 3 of the length of the first radiator 11, but is spaced apart from the first grounding point B1 and the second grounding point B2 in the length direction of the first radiator 11).

[0183] In one embodiment, along the third direction L, the first grounding point B1, the second grounding point B2, the grounding point B3 of the second radiator, and the grounding point B4 of the third radiator are all located on the same side of the feed connection point A0. For example, they are all located on the side of the feed connection point A0 closer to the main radiator segment 110, or they can be located on the side of the feed connection point A0 away from the main radiator segment 110. In other examples, the first grounding point B1, the second grounding point B2, the grounding point B3 of the second radiator, and the grounding point B4 of the third radiator may also be partially located on one side of the feed connection point A0, and the remaining parts are located on the other side of the feed connection point A0.

[0184] In one implementation method, please refer to Figure 2b , Figure 2bThis is a partially enlarged top view of the antenna structure in an embodiment of this application. Along the first direction W, the first grounding point B1 is located between the second grounding point B2 and the grounding point B3 of the second radiator. The distance d1 between the first grounding point B1 and the second grounding point B2, the distance d2 between the first grounding point B1 and the grounding point B3 of the second radiator, and the distance d3 between the second grounding point B2 and the grounding point B4 of the third radiator are all less than or equal to 10 mm.

[0185] In one embodiment, along the first direction W, the distance d1 between the first grounding point B1 and the second grounding point B2 is: 0.4mm ≤ d1 ≤ 4.4mm, for example, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 2.5mm, etc.; the distance d2 between the first grounding point B1 and the grounding point B3 of the second radiator is: 0.6mm ≤ d2 ≤ 4.6mm, for example, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 2.7mm, etc.; and the distance d3 between the second grounding point B2 and the grounding point B4 of the third radiator is: 0.5mm ≤ d3 ≤ 4.5mm, for example, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 2.5mm, etc. Other alternative embodiments may use other values.

[0186] In one embodiment, along the third direction L, the distance d4 between the first grounding point B1 and the second grounding point B2, the distance d5 between the grounding point B3 of the second radiator and the first grounding point B1, and the distance d6 between the grounding point B4 of the third radiator and the second grounding point B2 are all less than or equal to 10 mm.

[0187] In one embodiment, along the third direction L, the distance d4 between the first grounding point B1 and the second grounding point B2 is: 0.4mm ≤ d4 ≤ 4.4mm, for example, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 2.5mm, etc.; the distance d5 between the first grounding point B1 and the grounding point B3 of the second radiator is: 0.6mm ≤ d5 ≤ 4.6mm, for example, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 2.7mm, etc.; and the distance d6 between the second grounding point B2 and the grounding point B4 of the third radiator is: 0.5mm ≤ d6 ≤ 4.5mm, for example, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 2.5mm, etc. Other alternative embodiments may use other values.

[0188] This application provides an antenna parameter selection reference value that can meet the usage requirements of a specific operating frequency band, as shown in Table 1 below (please refer to Table 1 for details). Figure 2a and Figure 2b (Understood)

[0189] Table 1

[0190]

[0191]

[0192] It should be noted that the above is only an example of parameter selection for a dual-band WiFi antenna. When the antenna in this embodiment is used as other antennas or is applicable to other operating frequency bands, the parameter selection can be adjusted according to the actual application scenario of the antenna. This application does not limit this.

[0193] In this embodiment, the radiator segment of the first radiator 11 that is located on the side of the feed connection point A0 and has a longer length (i.e., Figure 2a The first radiator 11 shown in the diagram has a radiator segment located to the left of the feed connection point A0, and the second radiator 12 has a longer radiator segment located on the side of the grounding point B3 (i.e., Figure 2a The second radiator 12 shown is the radiator segment located to the left of the feed connection point A0, and the third radiator 13 is the longer radiator segment located on the side of the grounding point B4. Figure 2a The third radiator 13 shown is located on the left side of the feed connection point A0 and operates in the first operating frequency band of the antenna, 2.4 GHz to 2.52 GHz. Therefore, the above structure can be understood as the low-frequency part of the three radiators.

[0194] The shorter radiator segment of the first radiator 11 located on the other side of the feed connection point A0 (i.e. Figure 2a The first radiator 11 shown in the diagram has a radiator segment located to the right of the feed connection point A0, and the second radiator 12 has a shorter radiator segment located on the other side of the grounding point B3 (i.e., Figure 2a The second radiator 12 shown is the radiator segment located to the right of the feed connection point A0, and the third radiator 13 is the shorter radiator segment located on the other side of the grounding point B4 (i.e., Figure 2a The third radiator 13 shown is located in the radiator segment to the right of the feed connection point A0. It also operates in the second operating frequency band of the antenna, 5GHz to 5.88GHz. Therefore, the above structure can be understood as the high-frequency part of the three radiators.

[0195] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the antenna in the electronic device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0196] like Figure 3 As shown, this application embodiment also provides an electronic device 2, including the antenna 1 involved in any of the above embodiments. The electronic device also includes a housing 23, a bracket 21 disposed in the housing 23 and a shark fin floor 22. The antenna is supported and fixed in the electronic device 2 by the bracket 21. The shark fin floor 22 serves as ground and can be formed by a PCB board or a grounded metal plate.

[0197] In one embodiment, the support 21 is fixed to the shark fin floor 22. The support 21 may be formed of a dielectric substrate and serve as a support structure for the antenna 1. Its dielectric constant and size affect the performance of the antenna. The dielectric substrate may be, for example, a substrate based on a low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) process (e.g., the material of the substrate may be FerroA6m material provided by Ferro Corporation, with a dielectric constant of 5.9 and a thickness of 0.094 mm per dielectric layer). In another embodiment, the support 21 may also be a substrate formed using other processes, such as a substrate formed by PCB process, HDI (High Density Interconnector, such as micro-blind via technology) process, etc.

[0198] In one embodiment, antenna 1 of this application can serve as a WiFi antenna for electronic device 2. It should be understood that a WiFi antenna is used to transmit and receive wireless signals, thereby enabling the electronic device to connect to a wireless local area network (WLAN). In one embodiment, antenna 1 is located at the edge of the electronic device 2, and thus close to the edge of the electronic device housing 23, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the antenna can be located at the head of the shark fin floor 22. In other embodiments, the antenna 1 can also be located at other positions on the shark fin floor 22 and at other positions on the electronic device.

[0199] In one implementation method, please refer to Figure 1 Understandably, the first radiator 11, the second radiator 12, and the third radiator 13 of antenna 1 can be formed from conductive components within electronic device 2. For example, they can be formed from a PCB board, a flexible printed circuit (FPC), or using LDS (Laser Direct Structuring) technology. They can also be formed from other metal structural components, such as strip-shaped patches attached to the surface of the support. The first grounding component 14, the second grounding component 15, the third grounding component 16, the fourth grounding component 17, and the feed component 18 can be formed from conductive components within electronic device 2. For example, they can be metal pillars or hollow metal pillars formed through metal through-holes in the support 21. They can also be other metal structural components, such as metal conductive pillars independently positioned relative to the support 21.

[0200] The antenna provided in this embodiment was simulated and analyzed using HFSS simulation software, and the results were as follows: Figure 4 The effect curve shown is used to obtain... Figure 4The simulation data for the curves shown are presented in Table 1 above.

[0201] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 The S11 parameter curve and antenna efficiency curve are obtained when performing simulation effect tests on the antenna of the embodiment of this application.

[0202] exist Figure 4 In the diagram, the horizontal axis represents frequency in GHz, the left vertical axis represents the S11 amplitude in dB, and the right vertical axis represents antenna efficiency (i.e., system efficiency) in dB. S11 is one of the S-parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, which characterizes the antenna's transmission efficiency. Specifically, the smaller the S11 value, the lower the antenna return loss, meaning less energy is reflected back from the antenna, and more energy actually enters the antenna.

[0203] It should be noted that in engineering, an S11 value of -6dB is generally used as the standard. When the S11 value of an antenna is less than -6dB, the antenna can be considered to be working normally, or the antenna can be considered to have good transmission efficiency.

[0204] System efficiency is the actual efficiency after considering antenna port matching; that is, the system efficiency of an antenna is its actual efficiency (i.e., effectiveness). Those skilled in the art will understand that efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, and there is a corresponding conversion relationship between efficiency and dB. The closer the efficiency is to 0 dB, the better the antenna's efficiency.

[0205] from Figure 4 As can be seen, the antenna has two operating frequency bands, namely the first operating frequency band of 2.4GHz to 2.52GHz and the second operating frequency band of 5GHz to 5.88GHz. The S11 value of the antenna in both operating frequency bands is less than -10dB.

[0206] When the antenna is in its first operating frequency band, the low-frequency components of the antenna's three radiators (please refer to the previous text for understanding) operate at 2.4GHz, 2.46GHz, and 2.5GHz, respectively. Simultaneously, the antenna generates a radiation null at a frequency point on the upper edge of the current operating frequency band, namely the first target frequency point G1 = 2.32GHz (antenna efficiency less than -20dB), and a radiation null at a frequency point on the lower edge of the first operating frequency band, namely the second target frequency point G2 = 2.58GHz (antenna efficiency less than -20dB). Furthermore, within the antenna's first operating frequency band, the efficiency curve is flat and the efficiency is relatively high. Outside the antenna's first operating frequency band, the efficiency curve has a steep edge, and the antenna efficiency drops sharply. The out-of-band rejection efficiency is greater than -20dB, thus achieving the filtering function.

[0207] When the antenna is in its second operating frequency band, the high-frequency components of the antenna's three radiators (please refer to the previous text for understanding) operate at 5.05 GHz, 5.35 GHz, and 5.8 GHz, respectively. Simultaneously, the antenna generates a radiation null at a frequency point on the upper edge of the current operating frequency band, namely the first target frequency point G3 = 4.9 GHz (antenna efficiency less than -10 dB), and a radiation null at a frequency point on the lower edge of the current operating frequency band, namely the second target frequency point G4 = 6.05 GHz (antenna efficiency less than -7 dB). Furthermore, within the antenna's second operating frequency band, the efficiency curve is flat and the efficiency is relatively high. Outside the antenna's second operating frequency band, the efficiency curve has a steep edge, and the antenna efficiency drops sharply. The out-of-band suppression effect is greater than -7 dB, thus achieving the filtering function.

[0208] Please see Figures 5a to 6c , Figures 5a-5c This is an antenna current distribution diagram obtained during a simulation test of the antenna in the first operating frequency band according to an embodiment of this application. Figures 6a-6c This is an antenna current distribution diagram obtained during a simulation test of the antenna in the second operating frequency band according to an embodiment of this application.

[0209] The arrows indicate the direction of the current on the radiating element of the antenna. Figures 5a-5c As can be seen, when the antenna is in the first operating frequency band of 2.4GHz to 2.52GHz, the low-frequency components of the three radiators operate simultaneously. Figures 6a-6c It can be seen that when the antenna is in the second operating frequency band of 5GHz to 5.88GHz, the high-frequency components of the three radiators work simultaneously.

[0210] Please see Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a monopole antenna in a reference design.

[0211] Simulation software was used to analyze the simulation effects of the antenna in this embodiment and a monopole antenna in a reference design, and the results were as follows: Figure 8 , Figure 9 The effect curve shown is shown. Figure 8 The graph shows the effect curves of the S11 parameters compared when the simulation effect test was performed on the monopole antenna and the antenna of the embodiment of this application, respectively. Figure 9 The graph shows the comparison of antenna efficiency obtained from simulation tests of a monopole antenna and the antenna of the embodiment of this application.

[0212] Among them, obtaining Figure 8 , Figure 9 The simulation data of the antenna of the embodiment of this application shown in the curve is shown in Table 1 above, and the simulation data of the monopole antenna is shown in Table 2 below;

[0213] Table 2

[0214] from Figure 8 and Figure 9 As can be seen, compared with a monopole antenna, the antenna of this embodiment can form a radiation null point (or can be understood as a point with very low antenna efficiency) at the upper and lower edges outside the first operating frequency band of the antenna, and at the upper and lower edges outside the second operating frequency band of the antenna. The antenna of this embodiment can exhibit good edge selectivity in both operating frequency bands of the antenna.

[0215] Please see Figure 10 and Figure 11 , Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a monopole antenna and a main antenna arranged on a shark fin floor in an electronic device. Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the antenna and main antenna arranged on a shark fin floor in an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0216] The main antenna can be understood as the antenna in an electronic device used to receive and transmit radio electromagnetic waves.

[0217] In this embodiment, the antenna of this application is a WiFi antenna in an electronic device and is located at the head of the shark fin base plate 22 in the electronic device. The main antenna 24 is located at the tail of the shark fin base plate 22.

[0218] Figure 10 The structure of the electronic device shown is basically the same as that of the embodiment in this application, except that... Figure 10 The electronic device shown uses a monopole antenna as its WiFi antenna.

[0219] Using simulation software Figure 10 The electronic devices shown and Figure 11 The simulation effects of the electronic equipment were analyzed, and the results were as follows: Figure 12 The effect curve shown is as follows: Figure 12 To obtain the comparison curves of S11 parameters of each antenna in the electronic device and the comparison curves of isolation between each antenna, obtained from simulation effect tests of electronic devices using monopole antennas and electronic devices using antennas according to embodiments of this application; wherein, obtaining Figure 12 The simulation data of the antenna of the embodiment of this application shown in the graph is shown in Table 1 above, and the simulation data of the monopole antenna is shown in Table 2 above.

[0220] from Figure 12As can be seen, in the WiFi frequency band, such as the 5GHz to 5.88GHz band, the S11 parameter of the antenna in this application embodiment is less than -6dB, and the isolation from the main antenna is relatively high. However, outside this frequency band, the isolation from the main antenna in this application embodiment shows a sharp downward trend. Furthermore, compared with a monopole antenna, this application embodiment can greatly improve the isolation from the main antenna without affecting normal operation.

[0221] Please see Figures 13-15 , Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the antenna according to an embodiment of this application, wherein the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator are located on at least two planes. Figure 14 This is a side view of the antenna structure according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 15 This is a top view of the antenna structure according to an embodiment of this application, wherein the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator are located on at least two planes.

[0222] like Figure 13 As shown, antenna 1A includes a first radiator 11A, a second radiator 12A and a third radiator 13A, a first grounding element 15A and a second grounding element 16A.

[0223] The first radiator 11A includes a main radiator segment 111A and a secondary radiator segment 112A connected in sequence. The second radiator 12A includes a main radiator segment 121A and a secondary radiator segment 122A connected in sequence. The third radiator 13A includes a main radiator segment 131A and a secondary radiator segment 132A connected in sequence.

[0224] The main radiator segment 111A of the first radiator 11A and the main radiator segment 121A of the second radiator 12A are located on the same plane and are spaced apart along the first direction W, forming a first gap 101A.

[0225] The first end of the main radiator segment 111A of the first radiator 11A is connected to the first end of the secondary radiator segment 112A, the second end of the main radiator segment 111A is connected to the first end of the first grounding component 15A, and the second end of the first grounding component 15A is grounded.

[0226] The first end of the main radiator segment 121A of the second radiator 12A is connected to the first end of the secondary radiator segment 122A, the second end of the main radiator segment 121A is connected to the first end of the second grounding component 16A, and the second end of the second grounding component 16A is grounded.

[0227] In one embodiment, both the first grounding element 15A and the second grounding element 16A extend along the second direction H, and the second ends of both the first grounding element 15A and the second grounding element 16A are short-circuited to ground through metal vias. In one embodiment, the cross-sections of both the first grounding element 15A and the second grounding element 16A are circular; in other alternative embodiments, they may be rectangular or other shapes.

[0228] Furthermore, the shape of each radiator is not limited; it can be triangular, square-ringed, circular, fan-shaped, etc.

[0229] The first end of the main radiator segment 131A of the third radiator 13A is connected to the first end of the secondary radiator segment 132A, and the second end of the secondary radiator segment 132A is grounded. Furthermore, the secondary radiator segments 112A, 122A, and 132A all extend along the second direction H.

[0230] The main radiator segment 131A of the third radiator 13A is disposed at a distance from the first radiator 11A and the second radiator 12A in the second direction H, forming a second gap 102A.

[0231] In the second direction H, the second ends of the secondary radiator segment 112A of the first radiator 11A and the second ends of the secondary radiator segment 122A of the second radiator 12A are both coupled to the second end of the main radiator segment 131A of the third radiator 13A through the second gap 102A. Specifically, the second end of the secondary radiator segment 112A of the first radiator 11A is coupled to the second end of the main radiator segment 131A of the third radiator 13A primarily through the gap between it and the second end of the main radiator segment 131A of the third radiator 13A, and the second end of the secondary radiator segment 122A of the second radiator 12A is coupled to the second end of the main radiator segment 131A of the third radiator 13A primarily through the gap between it and the second end of the main radiator segment 131A of the third radiator 13A. In this embodiment, the third radiator 13A serves as the main radiator of the antenna 1A, or can be understood as the radiator with the strongest radiation intensity. In one embodiment, both the main radiator segment 111A and the main radiator segment 121A are L-shaped.

[0232] Antenna 1A also includes a feed element 18A, which is located on the same plane as the main radiator segment 111A of the first radiator 11A and spaced apart along the first direction W, forming a third gap 103A. The feed element 18A is used to connect to the radio frequency source RF, and enables the first radiator 11A to couple and receive the feed signal through the third gap 103A.

[0233] In one embodiment, the power supply element 18A includes a first stub 181A and a second stub 182A connected in sequence, with the first stub 181A connected to a radio frequency (RF) source. In one embodiment, the first stub 181A is strip-shaped, and the second stub 182A is L-shaped. In one embodiment, the power supply element 18A may employ a non-resonating node (NRN) structure.

[0234] The radio frequency (RF) source can be an RF chip or other RF device capable of transmitting RF signals.

[0235] Using a plane parallel to the first direction W and the third direction L as the projection plane, the projections of the first radiator 11A, the second radiator 12A, and the power supply component 18A on the projection plane are all located within the projection of the third radiator 13A on the projection plane.

[0236] like Figure 15 As shown, with the plane parallel to the longitudinal section of the first radiator 11A as the projection plane, the projections of the first radiator 11A and the feeder 18A on the projection plane are both located within the projection of the second radiator 12A on the projection plane. The projection of the feeder 18A on the projection plane is partially located within the projection of the first radiator 11A on the projection plane, and the remaining portion is located outside the projection of the first radiator 11A on the projection plane.

[0237] In one embodiment, the first end of the main radiator segment 111A of the first radiator 11A and the first end of the main radiator segment 121A of the second radiator 12A are aligned in a third direction L.

[0238] In one embodiment, at least a portion of the radiator segment of the first radiator 11A, at least a portion of the radiator segment of the second radiator 12A, and at least a portion of the radiator segment of the third radiator 13A are disposed on the bracket 21A of the electronic device.

[0239] In one embodiment, the PCB board 20A in the electronic device includes a dielectric substrate 201A and a ground metal layer 202A located on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 201A, wherein the ground metal layer 202A serves as the ground in the embodiments of this application.

[0240] In one embodiment, the support 21A is U-shaped and includes a support body 211A and connecting portions 212A and 213A connected to both ends of the support body 211A. The secondary radiator segments 112A of the first radiator 11A and 122A of the second radiator 12A are both etched on the side surface of the connecting portion 212A away from the support body 211A. The main radiator segments 111A of the first radiator 11A and 121A of the second radiator 12A are both etched on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 201A of the PCB board 20A. The power supply component 18A is also etched on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 201A of the PCB board 20A. It should be noted that the support 21A can be a dielectric block.

[0241] The main radiator segment 131A of the third radiator 13A is etched on the upper surface of the support body 211A away from the PCB board 20A, and the secondary radiator segment 132A of the third radiator 13A is etched on the side surface of the connecting portion 213A away from the support body 211A. In other alternative embodiments, each radiator may also be disposed on other surfaces of the support 21A by other processing techniques, and this application is not limited thereto. The shape of the support 21A may also be other shapes, such as an arch, etc.

[0242] Furthermore, the antenna height in this application embodiment is not limited. The antenna height can be understood as the distance between the upper surface of the radiator farthest from the floor (e.g., the third radiator 13A) and the ground. In one embodiment, the antenna height is: 4mm ≤ antenna height ≤ 6mm, for example, the antenna height can be 5mm.

[0243] The antenna implemented in this application has a compact and small structure. One example antenna has a size of 21mm*6mm*5.4mm. Of course, when the antenna of this application embodiment is applied in different electronic devices and is suitable for different operating frequency bands, the size of the antenna can also be other sizes.

[0244] This embodiment of the application constructs a novel antenna structure by using a first radiator 11A, a second radiator 12A, and a third radiator 13A spaced apart, a feed element 18A, and a first grounding element 15A and a second grounding element 16A connected to the corresponding radiators. This structure enables the radiators to simultaneously form a hybrid coupling of electrical and magnetic coupling, generating a third-order Chebyshev bandpass filter response. The third radiator 13A can be considered as the last resonator of the third-order Chebyshev filter, thus constructing an antenna with filtering function. This antenna can generate two radiation nulls (or points with very low antenna efficiency) outside the operating frequency band without changing its own radiation characteristics. This allows the antenna of this embodiment to receive radio frequency signals within the operating frequency band and suppress radio frequency signals outside the operating frequency band, achieving out-of-band filtering. This helps to improve the isolation between antennas of different frequencies in electronic devices, thereby improving the anti-interference capability of electronic devices.

[0245] Furthermore, the antenna in this application embodiment has the characteristics of simple feeding structure, compact antenna structure and small size, which can help to make electronic devices smaller and thinner when applied to electronic devices.

[0246] In one embodiment, the antenna of this application can be used as a WiFi antenna in an electronic device. Below is a reference value for antenna parameter selection that can meet the requirements of a specific operating frequency band, as shown in Table 3 below (please refer to Table 3 for details). Figures 13-15 (Understood)

[0247] Table 3

[0248]

[0249] It should be noted that the above is only an example of parameter selection for a 2.4GHz WiFi antenna. When the antenna in this embodiment is used as other antennas or is applicable to other operating frequency bands, the parameter selection can be adjusted according to the actual application scenario of the antenna. This application does not limit this.

[0250] This application also provides an electronic device including the antenna 1A described in any of the above embodiments.

[0251] In one implementation method, please refer to Figure 13 To understand, in one implementation method, please refer to... Figure 1Understandably, the feed element 18A, first radiator 11A, second radiator 12A, and third radiator 13A of antenna 1A can be formed from conductive components within the electronic device. For example, they can be formed from a PCB board, a flexible printed circuit (FPC), or using LDS (Laser Direct Structuring) technology. They can also be formed from other metal structural components, such as strip-shaped patch structures attached to the surface of a support. The first grounding element 15A and the second grounding element 16A can be formed from conductive components within the electronic device, such as metal pillars or hollow metal pillars formed through metal vias in the dielectric substrate 201A of PCB board 20A. They can also be other metal structural components, such as independently installed metal conductive pillars.

[0252] The antenna provided in this embodiment was simulated and analyzed using HFSS simulation software, and the results were as follows: Figure 16 The effect curve shown is used to obtain... Figure 16 The simulation data for the curves shown are presented in Table 3 above.

[0253] from Figure 16 As can be seen, the antenna operates in the frequency band of 2.35GHz to 2.6GHz, and the S11 value of the antenna in the operating frequency band is less than -10dB.

[0254] The antenna's three radiators generate three resonant frequencies of 2.36 GHz, 2.46 GHz, and 2.56 GHz, respectively. Simultaneously, the antenna generates a radiation null at the upper edge of its operating frequency band, i.e., the first target frequency G5 = 2.28 GHz (antenna efficiency less than -20 dB), and another radiation null at the lower edge of the first operating frequency band, i.e., the second target frequency G6 = 2.66 GHz (antenna efficiency less than -20 dB). Within the operating frequency band, the antenna exhibits a flat efficiency curve and high efficiency. Outside the operating frequency band, the efficiency curve shows a steep edge, with a drastic drop in antenna efficiency. The out-of-band suppression effect is greater than -17.5 dB, achieving the filtering function.

[0255] Please see Figures 17a-17c , Figures 17a-17c The image shows the antenna current distribution obtained from a simulation analysis of the antenna in an embodiment of this application. Figures 17a-17c It can be seen that the first radiator 11A, the second radiator 12A, and the third radiator 13A operate at 2.36GHz, 2.46GHz, and 2.56GHz, respectively. The current at the resonant frequency is mainly concentrated on the feeder 18A, the first radiator 11A, and the second radiator 12A, while the current intensity on the third radiator 13A is relatively weak.

[0256] Please see Figures 18a-18c , Figures 18a-18c These are schematic diagrams illustrating the structural principles of the antennas for the first, second, and third reference designs, respectively.

[0257] Using simulation software Figures 18a-18c The antennas of the three reference designs shown and the antenna of the embodiment of this application were simulated and tested, and the results were as follows: Figure 19 The simulation effect curve is shown below. Figure 19 The above are comparison curves of antenna efficiency obtained from simulation tests of the antennas of the embodiments of this application and the antennas of three reference designs.

[0258] from Figure 19 As can be seen, the antennas of the first and second reference designs can only form a radiation null at the upper edge of the antenna operating frequency band, the antenna of the third reference design can only form a radiation null at the lower edge of the antenna operating frequency band, while the antenna of the present application embodiment can generate a radiation null at both the upper and lower edges of the antenna operating frequency band, thus achieving the filtering function.

[0259] Simulation software was used to analyze the simulation effects of the antenna in this embodiment and a monopole antenna in a reference design, and the results were as follows: Figure 20 , Figure 21 The effect curve shown is as follows: Figure 20 The graph shows the effect curves of S11 parameters compared by performing simulation effect tests on the antenna and monopole antenna of the embodiments of this application, respectively. Figure 21 The graphs show the antenna efficiency comparison obtained from simulation tests of the antenna and monopole antenna of the embodiments of this application, respectively. The simulation parameters of the antenna in the embodiments of this application are shown in Table 3 above, and the structure of the monopole antenna is shown in [reference needed]. Figure 7 And understand Table 2 above.

[0260] from Figure 20 , Figure 21 As can be seen, compared with a monopole antenna, the antenna in this embodiment of the application can form a radiation null point (or can be understood as a point with very low antenna efficiency) at the upper and lower edges outside the antenna operating frequency band, thus exhibiting better edge selectivity.

[0261] In one embodiment, the antenna of this application can also be applied to dual-band WiFi antenna application scenarios. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 22 , Figure 22This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the antenna used in this application embodiment to realize dual-band WiFi function in an electronic device; two antennas 1A of this application embodiment are arranged side by side at intervals on the PCB board 20A of the electronic device. In one embodiment, one antenna operates in the WiFi 2.4GHz band, and the other antenna operates in the WiFi 5GHz band, thereby meeting the different functional requirements of the electronic device.

[0262] Simulation software was used to analyze the simulation effects of the antenna used in this embodiment as a dual-band WiFi antenna and the monopole antenna used as a dual-band WiFi antenna, and the results were as follows. Figure 23 , Figure 24 The effect curve shown is as follows: Figure 23 The above is a comparison curve of S11 parameters obtained from simulation tests of electronic devices that implement dual-band WiFi using monopole antennas and electronic devices that implement dual-band WiFi using antennas according to the embodiments of this application. Figure 24 The diagram shows the comparison of antenna efficiency obtained from simulation tests of electronic devices that implement dual-band WiFi using monopole antennas and electronic devices that implement dual-band WiFi using antennas according to embodiments of this application.

[0263] from Figure 23 and Figure 24 As can be seen from the embodiments of this application, the antennas can generate two radiation nulls at the upper and lower edges of the operating frequency band, thereby enabling the antennas to achieve filtering functions in both operating frequency bands.

[0264] Please see Figure 25 , Figure 25 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the antenna and main antenna arranged on a shark fin floor in an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0265] In this embodiment, the antenna of this application is used as a WiFi antenna in an electronic device, and there are two antennas. The two antennas are arranged side by side at a distance from each other at the head of the shark fin base plate 22A in the electronic device. The shark fin base plate 22A serves as ground, and the main antenna 24A is located at the tail of the shark fin base plate 22A.

[0266] Using simulation software Figure 10 The electronic devices shown and Figure 25 The simulated effects of the electronic device shown were analyzed, and the results were as follows: Figure 26 The effect curve shown is as follows: Figure 26 The above is a comparison curve of the S11 parameters and antenna efficiency of each antenna in the electronic device obtained by conducting simulation effect tests on electronic devices using monopole antennas as dual-band WiFi antennas and electronic devices using antennas according to the embodiments of this application as dual-band WiFi antennas.

[0267] Among them, obtaining Figure 26 The simulation data for the monopole antenna, shown in Table 2 above, is obtained from the effect curves. Figure 26 The simulation data for the antenna applied to the WiFi 2.4GHz band in the embodiments of this application, as shown in the graphs, are shown in Table 3 above. The simulation data for the antenna applied to the WiFi 5GHz band are shown in Table 4 below (please refer to Table 4 for details). Figures 13-15 (This is understood.)

[0268] Table 4

[0269]

[0270]

[0271] from Figure 26 As can be seen, in the WiFi frequency band, such as the WiFi 5GHz band, the S11 parameter of the antenna in this application embodiment is less than -6dB and the isolation from the main antenna is high. However, outside this operating frequency band, the isolation from the main antenna in this application embodiment shows a sharp downward trend. Therefore, it can be seen that, compared with the monopole antenna, this application embodiment can greatly improve the isolation from the main antenna without affecting normal operation.

[0272] Please see Figures 27a-27d , Figure 27a , Figure 27b These are front and rear layout diagrams of a WiFi antenna and a communication antenna in an electronic device in a reference design, respectively. The WiFi antenna is a loop antenna (or Loop antenna). Figure 27c , Figure 27d These are front and rear layout diagrams of the WiFi antenna and communication antenna of the electronic device in this application embodiment, respectively, wherein the WiFi antenna adopts the antenna of this application embodiment.

[0273] Among them, such as Figure 27c As shown, the communication antenna (or Long Term Evolution, LTE antenna) of the electronic device is located in the first region S1 and the second region S2 of the PCB board 20A. The communication antenna is a printed coupled antenna. In this embodiment, the antenna is used as a WiFi antenna and is disposed on the PCB board 20A of the electronic device. The PCB board 20A serves as the ground of this embodiment. The electronic device includes two WiFi antennas, located in the third region S3 and the fourth region S4 of the PCB board 20A, respectively. In addition, as... Figure 27d As shown, the antenna in this embodiment has a metal ground formed by a PCB board on its back side.

[0274] Figure 27aThe electronic devices shown are Figure 27c The electronic devices shown have basically the same structure and spatial dimensions for the layout of each antenna; the difference lies in that... Figure 27a The WiFi antenna uses a loop antenna (or can be called a loop antenna). Furthermore, such as... Figure 27b As shown, the back of the loop antenna is completely empty.

[0275] Using simulation software to simulate electronic devices with WiFi antennas that use loop antennas (such as...) Figure 27a and Figure 27b (as shown) and electronic devices using the antennas of embodiments of this application for WiFi antennas (such as...). Figure 27c and Figure 27d Simulation results were analyzed (as shown), and the following were obtained: Figure 14 The effect curve shown is shown.

[0276] Please see Figure 28 , Figure 28 This is a comparison curve of the isolation between the WiFi antenna and the communication antenna in an electronic device, obtained by conducting simulation effect tests on an electronic device using a loop antenna as the WiFi antenna and an electronic device using the embodiment of this application as the WiFi antenna.

[0277] exist Figure 28 In the diagram, dashed lines represent the isolation between loop antennas located in different regions of the electronic device and communication antennas located in different regions of the electronic device. For example, S3,1 represents the isolation between the loop antenna located in the third region S3 and the communication antenna located in the first region S1; S3,2 represents the isolation between the loop antenna located in the third region S3 and the communication antenna located in the second region S2; and S4,1 and S4,2 are similar to S3,1 and S3,2, and will not be described in detail here. Solid lines represent the isolation between antennas of the present application embodiment located in different regions of the electronic device and communication antennas located in different regions of the electronic device. For example, S3,1 represents the isolation between the antenna of the present application embodiment located in the third region S3 and the communication antenna located in the first region S1; and S3,2 represents the isolation between the antenna of the present application embodiment located in the third region S3 and the communication antenna located in the second region S2; and S4,1 and S4,2 are similar to S3,1 and S3,2, and will not be described in detail here.

[0278] from Figure 28As can be seen, compared to a loop antenna, the isolation between the antenna and the communication antenna in this embodiment is significantly improved. For example, the isolation between the antenna of this embodiment located in the third region S3 and the communication antenna located in the first region S1 is improved by approximately 15 dB at 2.3 GHz outside the operating frequency band and by approximately 8 dB at 2.4 GHz. The isolation between the antenna of this embodiment located in the fourth region S4 and the communication antenna located in the second region S2 is improved by approximately 15 dB at 2.3 GHz outside the operating frequency band and by approximately 3 dB at 2.4 GHz.

[0279] In addition, it should be noted that, Figure 28 The image only shows the performance curves for the WiFi 2.4GHz band; the performance curves for the WiFi 5GHz band are similar to those for the WiFi 2.4GHz band.

[0280] Please see Figure 29 , Figure 29 To analyze the simulation effects of electronic devices using different types of antennas as WiFi antennas, a comparison curve of the isolation between WiFi antennas and communication antennas in the electronic devices was obtained.

[0281] In addition to the loop antenna and the antenna in the embodiment of this application mentioned above, the different types of antennas also include a slot antenna (or a Slot antenna), a first planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA - Feed far), and a second planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA - Feed near). The first planar inverted-F antenna can be understood as a planar inverted-F antenna where the feed connection point on the radiator is far from the LTE communication antenna, and the second planar inverted-F antenna can be understood as a planar inverted-F antenna where the feed connection point on the radiator is close to the LTE communication antenna. Figure 29 In the diagram, the arrow indicates the isolation between the PIFA-Feed far antenna in the fourth region S4 of the electronic device and the communication antenna in the second region S2 of the electronic device. The arrow also indicates the isolation between the slot antenna in the third region S3 of the electronic device and the communication antenna in the first region S1 of the electronic device. The interpretation of the other curves is similar to the example above, and will not be repeated here.

[0282] from Figure 29 As can be seen, compared with other different types of antennas, the isolation between the antenna and the communication antenna in this embodiment of the application is significantly improved.

[0283] As can be seen, using the antenna of this application embodiment as a WiFi antenna can significantly improve the isolation between the WiFi antenna and the communication antenna, especially in frequency bands far from the edge frequency points (or can be understood as the target frequency points mentioned above). The isolation between different frequency antennas can be improved by up to about 15dB, which helps to solve the coexistence problem of WiFi antennas and communication antennas. In particular, for application scenarios where there is no guard band between the B40 band (2300MHz~2400MHz) and the WiFi / BT band (2400MHz~2483.5MHz), or in application scenarios where there is only a 16MHz guard band between the B7 / B40 (2500MHz~2570MHz) and the WiFi / BT band (2400MHz~2483.5MHz), it can effectively solve the problem of poor isolation between WiFi antennas and communication antennas, improve the anti-interference capability of WiFi systems and LTE systems (or can be understood as communication systems) in electronic devices, and thus improve the anti-interference capability of electronic devices.

[0284] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that, include: A plurality of radiators, comprising a first radiator, a second radiator, and a third radiator arranged side-by-side and spaced apart in a first direction, wherein the second radiator and the third radiator are respectively located on opposite sides of the first radiator, a first gap is formed between the second radiator and the first radiator, and a second gap is formed between the third radiator and the first radiator; the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator are all spaced apart from and opposite to the ground in a second direction; A power supply component, one end of which is connected to the power supply connection point of the first radiator, and the other end of which is connected to the power supply point; A first grounding element, a second grounding element, a third grounding element, and a fourth grounding element are spaced apart in the first direction; one end of the first grounding element is connected to the first grounding point of the first radiator, and the other end is grounded; one end of the second grounding element is connected to the second grounding point of the first radiator, and the other end is grounded; the first grounding element and the second grounding element are spaced apart from the power supply element in the third direction; one end of the third grounding element is connected to the grounding point of the second radiator, and the other end is grounded; one end of the fourth grounding element is connected to the grounding point of the third radiator, and the other end is grounded; the first radiator has only two grounding points, namely the first grounding point and the second grounding point; the second radiator has only one grounding point; and the third radiator has only one grounding point. Wherein, the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other, and the first direction is parallel to the width direction of the first radiator, and the third direction is parallel to the length direction of the first radiator. The first gap allows the electrical coupling strength between the first radiator and the second radiator to be the first target strength at the first target frequency, and the second gap allows the electrical coupling strength between the first radiator and the third radiator to be the second target strength at the second target frequency; the operating frequency band of the antenna is located between the first target frequency and the second target frequency; the antenna has a radiation null point at the first target frequency and the second target frequency.

2. The antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator are all strip-shaped.

3. The antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Along the third direction, both ends of the second radiator are located between the two ends of the first radiator, and both ends of the third radiator are located between the two ends of the second radiator.

4. The antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the plurality of radiators is capable of generating at least two resonances, and the resonant frequencies corresponding to the at least two resonances generated by each radiator are respectively located in different operating frequency bands of the antenna.

5. The antenna as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The first resonant frequency of each of the plurality of radiators is located in the first operating frequency band of the antenna.

6. The antenna as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The second resonant frequency of each of the plurality of radiators is located in the second operating frequency band of the antenna.

7. The antenna as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, In the third direction, the radiator segments located on both sides of the feed connection point in the first radiator are respectively used to generate the first resonant frequency point and the second resonant frequency point of the first radiator. In the third direction, the radiator segments located on both sides of the grounding point of the second radiator are respectively used to generate the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency of the second radiator. In the third direction, the radiator segments located on both sides of the grounding point of the third radiator are respectively used to generate the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency of the third radiator. The first resonant frequency of the first radiator, the first resonant frequency of the second radiator, and the first resonant frequency of the third radiator are all located in the first operating frequency band of the antenna. The second resonant frequency of the first radiator, the second resonant frequency of the second radiator, and the second resonant frequency of the third radiator are all located in the second operating frequency band of the antenna.

8. The antenna as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that, In the third direction, the electrical length of the radiator segment located on one side of the feed connection point of the first radiator is 1 / 4 of the operating wavelength corresponding to the first resonant frequency of the first radiator, and the electrical length of the radiator segment located on the other side of the feed connection point is 1 / 4 of the operating wavelength corresponding to the second resonant frequency of the first radiator. In the third direction, the electrical length of the radiator segment located on one side of the grounding point of the second radiator is 1 / 4 of the operating wavelength corresponding to the first resonant frequency of the second radiator; the electrical length of the radiator segment located on the other side of the grounding point of the second radiator is 1 / 4 of the operating wavelength corresponding to the second resonant frequency of the second radiator. In the third direction, the electrical length of the radiator segment located on one side of the grounding point of the third radiator is 1 / 4 of the operating wavelength corresponding to the first resonant frequency of the third radiator; the electrical length of the radiator segment located on the other side of the grounding point of the third radiator is 1 / 4 of the operating wavelength corresponding to the second resonant frequency of the third radiator.

9. The antenna as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the first grounding point is located between the second grounding point and the grounding point of the second radiator, and the distance between the first grounding point and the second grounding point, the distance between the first grounding point and the grounding point of the second radiator, and the distance between the second grounding point and the grounding point of the third radiator are all less than or equal to 10 mm.

10. The antenna as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the distance d1 between the first grounding point and the second grounding point is: 0.4mm≤d1≤4.4mm, the distance d2 between the first grounding point and the grounding point of the second radiator is: 0.6mm≤d2≤4.6mm, and the distance d3 between the second grounding point and the grounding point of the third radiator is: 0.5mm≤d3≤4.5mm.

11. The antenna as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, Along the third direction, the distance between the first grounding point and the second grounding point, the distance between the grounding point of the second radiator and the first grounding point, and the distance between the grounding point of the third radiator and the second grounding point are all less than or equal to 10 mm.

12. The antenna as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, At least a portion of the first grounding element, the second grounding element, the third grounding element, and the fourth grounding element are offset upwards from the third grounding element.

13. The antenna as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The height h0 of the antenna is: 4mm≤h0≤6mm.

14. The antenna as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply component, the first grounding component, the second grounding component, the third grounding component, and the fourth grounding component all extend along the second direction.

15. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes the antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 14.

16. The electronic device as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that: The first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator are all formed from conductive components within the electronic device; The power supply component, the first grounding component, the second grounding component, the third grounding component, and the fourth grounding component are all formed from conductive components of the electronic device.

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