An environmental monitoring and conditioning system for a laser processing apparatus

Abstract

The application discloses an environment monitoring and adjusting system for a laser processing device, which comprises a PLC controller, an environment signal acquisition unit and an air duct. The air duct with two open ends is divided into an electric heating wire air duct in which electric heating wires are arranged and an inner machine air duct in which an air conditioner inner machine is arranged by a partition plate. Bottoms of the electric heating wire air duct and the inner machine air duct are respectively provided with fans capable of being reversely rotated. Above open ends of the air duct, air purification devices comprising filter elements, air ducts and electric air valves are respectively arranged. The filter elements are embedded in through holes at the top of a protective house, and the filter elements and the electric air valves are located at two ends of the corresponding air ducts. The electric air valves can close the corresponding air ducts, or open the corresponding air ducts and close the end opening of the air duct, so that the corresponding regions of the air duct and the air duct are isolated or communicated. The PLC controller is electrically connected with the environment signal acquisition unit, the electric heating wires, the fans, the electric air valves and an air conditioner outer machine. The environment monitoring and adjusting system can adjust temperature and humidity and air quality to reach the standard.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser processing equipment technology, specifically to an environmental monitoring and control system for laser processing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in laser processing equipment, to create a better operating environment for the laser, it is usually placed in a closed protective room, such as... Figure 11 As shown, existing protective rooms are typically equipped with ordinary air conditioners, including indoor and outdoor units 52, to regulate the ambient temperature. To prevent condensation on the optical lenses in the laser, the humidity in the protective room should not be too high. However, ordinary air conditioners cannot effectively regulate humidity. When the environmental monitoring system detects excessive humidity in the protective room, the only solution is usually to use the air conditioner to dehumidify by cooling. However, this cooling and dehumidification often leads to over-cooling or over-dehumidification, which is detrimental to the energy-efficient operation of the equipment. Furthermore, because the protective room is a closed environment, particulate matter accumulates continuously as laser processing continues, resulting in increasingly poor air quality. Abnormal temperature, humidity, and particulate matter levels in the processing environment can cause condensation and particulate matter adsorption on the surface of the optical lenses in the laser, thereby affecting the normal operation of the laser, the product yield of the laser processing equipment, and even the health of relevant personnel. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the prior art by providing an environmental monitoring and control system for laser processing equipment. This system can monitor the temperature, humidity, and particulate matter content inside the protective room of the laser processing equipment and adjust these parameters to ensure that the temperature, humidity, and air quality inside the protective room meet the standards.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] An environmental monitoring and control system for laser processing equipment is characterized by the following: the system includes a PLC controller, an environmental signal acquisition unit located next to the laser, and air ducts located on the upper part of a protective enclosure. The air ducts, open at both ends, are divided by partitions into independent heating wire ducts and indoor unit ducts. Heating wires are arranged inside the heating wire ducts, and an indoor air conditioning unit is arranged inside the indoor unit ducts. Fans capable of forward and reverse rotation are respectively arranged at the bottom of the heating wire ducts and the indoor unit ducts. An air purification device comprising a filter element, an air duct, and an electric air valve is arranged above the open ends of each air duct. The filter element is embedded in a through-hole in the top of the protective enclosure, and the filter element and the electric air valve are located at opposite ends of the corresponding air duct. The electric air valve can close the corresponding air duct or open the corresponding air duct and close the corresponding end opening of the air duct, thus isolating or connecting the corresponding areas of the air duct and the air duct. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the environmental signal acquisition unit, the heating wire, the fan, the electric air valve, and the outdoor unit of the air conditioner located above the protective enclosure.

[0006] The air purification device includes a first purification device and a second purification device. The first purification device is arranged above the open end of the heating wire duct and the second purification device is arranged above the open end of the indoor unit duct, or the second purification device is arranged above the open end of the heating wire duct and the first purification device is arranged above the open end of the indoor unit duct.

[0007] The first purification device includes a first filter element, a first vertical air duct, and a first electric air valve. The first filter element is embedded in a corresponding through hole in the top of the protective room, allowing air from outside the protective room to enter the protective room after being filtered by the first filter element, or air from inside the protective room to be discharged outside the protective room after being filtered by the first filter element. Below the first filter element is a first vertical air duct, and the bottom opening of the first vertical air duct is located above the opening of the corresponding electric heating wire duct or the opening of the corresponding indoor unit duct. A first electric air valve, which can be in a horizontal or vertical position, is installed at the bottom opening of the first vertical air duct. The first electric air valve is electrically connected to a PLC controller, and the PLC controller controls the position of the first electric air valve. When the first electric air valve is in the horizontal position, the first vertical air duct is isolated from the corresponding electric heating wire duct or indoor unit duct, preventing air from flowing through the first vertical air duct inside and outside the protective room. When the first electric air valve is in the vertical position, the first vertical air duct is connected to the corresponding electric heating wire duct or indoor unit duct, allowing air from inside and outside the protective room to flow through the first vertical air duct.

[0008] The second purification device includes a second filter element, a second vertical air duct, and a second electric air valve. The second filter element is embedded in a corresponding through hole in the top of the protective room, allowing air from outside the protective room to enter the protective room after being filtered by the second filter element, or air from inside the protective room to be discharged outside the protective room after being filtered by the second filter element. Below the second filter element is a second vertical air duct, and the bottom opening of the second vertical air duct is located above the opening of the corresponding electric heating wire duct or the opening of the corresponding indoor unit duct. A second electric air valve, which can be in a horizontal or vertical position, is installed at the bottom opening of the second vertical air duct. The second electric air valve is electrically connected to a PLC controller, and the PLC controller controls the position of the second electric air valve. When the second electric air valve is in the horizontal position, the second vertical air duct is isolated from the corresponding electric heating wire duct or indoor unit duct, preventing air from flowing through the second vertical air duct inside and outside the protective room. When the second electric air valve is in the vertical position, the second vertical air duct is connected to the corresponding electric heating wire duct or indoor unit duct, allowing air from inside and outside the protective room to flow through the second vertical air duct.

[0009] An air conditioner consists of an indoor unit installed in the indoor air duct and an outdoor unit installed on the top of the protective room. The indoor and outdoor units are connected by refrigerant pipes and wires to form a cooling and heating circuit for the air conditioner. The indoor unit includes an expansion valve and an indoor unit converter arranged in the indoor air duct. The outdoor unit includes a compressor and an outdoor unit converter. The compressor is electrically connected to a PLC controller, and the PLC controller controls the compressor's start-up, shutdown, cooling, and heating.

[0010] The air duct is horizontally suspended below the ceiling of the protective room using suspension rods; an electric heating wire fan is arranged at the bottom of the electric heating wire air duct, located below the electric heating wire, and the electric heating wire fan is electrically connected to a PLC controller, which controls the start, stop, forward rotation, or reverse rotation of the electric heating wire fan; an indoor unit fan is arranged at the bottom of the indoor unit air duct, located below the indoor unit of the air conditioner, and the indoor unit fan is electrically connected to a PLC controller, which controls the start, stop, forward rotation, or reverse rotation of the indoor unit fan.

[0011] When the humidity and PM2.5 levels inside the protective room are normal but the temperature is too high, or when the PM2.5 level is normal but the temperature and humidity are too high, the air duct of the air purification device is closed. The PLC controller stops the operation of the heating wire and the fan at its bottom, and controls the compressor of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner to start and cool, thus lowering the outlet air temperature of the indoor unit. The PLC controller also controls the indoor unit fan at the bottom of the duct to start and blow air downwards. At this time, the airflow inside the protective room forms a state where the indoor unit fan at the bottom of the duct blows air downwards and the duct opening returns air. The circulating airflow cools down through the indoor unit, and the water vapor in the circulating airflow condenses into liquid water and flows out of the protective room, thereby reducing the temperature inside the protective room or simultaneously reducing both the temperature and humidity inside the protective room to a normal level.

[0012] When the humidity and PM2.5 levels inside the protective room are normal, but the temperature is too low, the air duct of the air purification device is closed. The PLC controller stops the operation of the heating wire and its bottom fan, and starts the compressor of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner to heat the room, raising the outlet temperature of the indoor unit. The PLC controller also starts the indoor unit fan at the bottom of the duct and blows air downwards. At this time, the airflow inside the protective room is in a state where the indoor unit fan at the bottom of the duct blows air downwards and the duct opening returns air. The circulating airflow raises the temperature of the indoor unit, thus raising the temperature inside the protective room to a normal level. Alternatively, the PLC controller stops the operation of the compressor of the outdoor unit and the indoor unit fan at the bottom of the duct, and starts the heating wire and its bottom fan, with the heating wire fan blowing air downwards. At this time, the airflow inside the protective room is in a state where the heating wire fan at the bottom of the duct blows air downwards and the duct opening returns air. The circulating airflow raises the temperature of the heating wire, thus raising the temperature inside the protective room to a normal level.

[0013] When the temperature and humidity levels inside the protective room are normal, but the PM2.5 level is too high, the air duct of the air purification device opens and the electric damper closes the duct opening, connecting the duct with the corresponding heating wire duct and indoor unit duct. The PLC controller stops the compressor of the heating wire and the outdoor unit of the air conditioner, stops the heating wire fan at the bottom of the heating wire, and starts the indoor unit fan at the bottom of the indoor unit duct, blowing air downwards. At this time, the airflow in the protective room is formed by the indoor unit fan blowing downwards from the bottom of the indoor unit duct, returning air through the filter embedded in the roof of the protective room above the indoor unit duct, and then passively exchanging air with the outside through the heating wire fan at the bottom of the heating wire and the filter embedded in the roof of the protective room above the heating wire duct. The circulating airflow becomes clean air through the filter above the indoor unit duct and enters the protective room. The air in the protective room with excessive PM2.5 is filtered by the filter above the heating wire duct. The PM2.5 levels inside the protective room are reduced to normal levels by expelling the pollutants outside. Alternatively, the PLC controller can stop the compressors of the heating element and outdoor unit, stop the indoor unit fan at the bottom of the duct, and start the heating element fan at the bottom of the heating element to blow downwards. In this case, the airflow inside the protective room is formed by the heating element fan blowing downwards, the filter embedded in the roof of the protective room above the heating element duct returning the air, and then the airflow passively exchanging air to the outside through the indoor unit fan at the bottom of the duct and the filter embedded in the roof of the protective room above the indoor unit duct. The circulating airflow becomes clean air after passing through the filter above the heating element duct and enters the protective room. The air in the protective room with excessive PM2.5 is filtered by the filter above the indoor unit duct and discharged outside the protective room, thereby reducing the PM2.5 level inside the protective room to normal levels.

[0014] When the humidity level inside the protective room is normal, but the temperature and PM2.5 levels are too high, the air duct of the air purification device opens and the electric damper closes the duct opening, connecting the duct to the corresponding heating wire duct and indoor unit duct. The PLC controller stops the heating wire and its bottom fan, and starts the compressor of the outdoor unit to cool, lowering the outlet air temperature of the indoor unit. The PLC controller then starts the indoor unit fan at the bottom of the duct and blows air downwards. At this time, the airflow inside the protective room is formed by the indoor unit fan blowing air downwards from the bottom of the duct. The air conditioner operates in a passive ventilation system where the air is returned through a filter embedded in the roof panel of the protective enclosure above the indoor unit's duct. The airflow then passes through the electric heating wire fan at the bottom of the heating wire and back to the filter embedded in the roof panel above the heating wire duct, resulting in clean air entering the protective enclosure. Air in the protective enclosure containing excessive PM2.5 levels is filtered and discharged outside the enclosure. Simultaneously, the recirculated airflow passes through the indoor unit of the air conditioner to lower the temperature, thereby reducing both the temperature and PM2.5 levels inside the protective enclosure to normal levels.

[0015] When the humidity level inside the protective room is normal, the temperature is too low, and the PM2.5 level is too high, the air duct of the air purification device opens and the electric air valve closes the duct opening, connecting the duct to the corresponding heating wire duct and indoor unit duct. The PLC controller stops the heating wire and its bottom fan, and starts the compressor of the outdoor unit to heat, raising the outlet air temperature of the indoor unit. The PLC controller then starts the indoor unit fan at the bottom of the indoor unit duct and blows air downwards. At this time, the airflow inside the protective room is formed by the indoor unit fan blowing downwards, the filter embedded in the protective room roof above the indoor unit duct returning air, and then the airflow passively exchanging air to the outside through the heating wire fan at the bottom of the heating wire and the filter embedded in the protective room roof above the heating wire duct. The circulating airflow becomes clean air after passing through the filter above the indoor unit duct and enters the protective room. Air with excessive PM2.5 in the protective room is filtered and discharged by the filter above the heating wire duct. Outside the protective room, the circulating airflow simultaneously raises the temperature through the indoor unit of the air conditioner, thereby increasing the temperature inside the protective room and reducing the PM2.5 level to normal. Alternatively, the PLC controller controls the heating wire and its bottom fan to start, with the heating wire fan blowing downwards, and controls the compressor of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner to stop running. In this case, the airflow inside the protective room forms a passive air exchange state where the airflow is passively exchanged to the outside through the filter element embedded in the protective room roof above the heating wire duct, the airflow becomes clean air after passing through the filter element above the heating wire duct, and the air inside the protective room with excessive PM2.5 is filtered and discharged outside the protective room. At the same time, the circulating airflow raises the temperature through the heating wire, thereby increasing the temperature inside the protective room and reducing the PM2.5 level to normal.

[0016] When the temperature and PM2.5 levels inside the protective room are normal, but the humidity is too high, the air duct of the air purification device is closed. The PLC controller stops the operation of the heating wire and the fan at its bottom, stops the operation of the fan at the bottom of the indoor unit's air duct, and controls the compressor of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner to start and cool, so that the outlet air temperature of the indoor unit of the air conditioner becomes lower. At this time, the water vapor in the air inside the protective room condenses into liquid water and flows out of the protective room, thereby reducing the humidity inside the protective room to a normal level.

[0017] When the temperature inside the protective room is normal, but the humidity and PM2.5 levels are too high, the air duct of the air purification device opens and the electric damper closes the duct opening, connecting the duct to the corresponding heating wire duct and indoor unit duct. The PLC controller stops the heating wire and its bottom fan, and starts the compressor of the outdoor unit to cool, lowering the temperature of the indoor unit. The PLC controller then starts the indoor unit fan at the bottom of the duct and blows air upwards. At this point, the airflow in the protective room is formed by the indoor unit fan blowing air upwards from the bottom of the duct, with the duct embedded in the roof of the protective room. The airflow exits from the filter element in the panel, and then flows from the filter element embedded in the roof panel above the heating wire duct to the heating wire fan at the bottom of the heating wire, passively exchanging air into the room. The circulating airflow becomes clean air after passing through the filter element embedded in the roof panel above the heating wire duct and enters the protective room. The air in the protective room with excessive PM2.5 is filtered and discharged outside the protective room by the filter element embedded in the roof panel above the indoor unit duct. In addition, the water vapor in the circulating airflow condenses into liquid water upon cooling and is guided outside the protective room, thereby reducing the humidity and PM2.5 index in the protective room to normal levels.

[0018] When the PM2.5 level in the protective room meets the standard, the temperature is too low, and the humidity is too high, the air duct of the air purification device is closed. The PLC controller controls the operation of the heating wire and the heating wire fan at its bottom, with the heating wire fan blowing downwards. It also controls the compressor of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner to start and cool, and controls the indoor unit fan at the bottom of the indoor unit's air duct to stop running. At this time, the water vapor in the air inside the protective room condenses into liquid water and flows out of the protective room. The airflow inside the protective room forms a state where the heating wire fan at the bottom of the heating wire blows downwards and the opening of the heating wire air duct returns air. The airflow passes through the hot heating wire and the temperature rises, thereby reducing the humidity and raising the temperature inside the protective room to a normal level.

[0019] Furthermore, the laser is connected to a water chiller (not shown) via a circulating water pipeline. The water chiller is located outside the protective room. The water chiller is used to regulate the temperature of heat-generating components in the laser, such as optical lenses, heat exchangers, switching power supplies, and mechanical shutters, and can keep the operating temperature of the heat-generating components in the laser stable. The temperature of the circulating cooling water in the water chiller is generally set in the range of 20℃ to 26℃, preferably 22±1℃.

[0020] When the environmental monitoring and control system is used, the relative humidity (RH) range of the environment in the protective room is divided into multiple relative humidity intervals. When the dew point temperature (Td) in each relative humidity interval is less than the lower limit of the working temperature of the optical lens of the laser, the corresponding upper limit of temperature control, i.e., the target maximum temperature (Tmax), is calculated using the dew point temperature (Td) calculation formula. Then, dew point temperature control and PM2.5 mass concentration control are performed before the laser is turned on, during the laser's operation, and before and after the laser is turned off.

[0021] The control method for the laser before it is turned on is as follows:

[0022] A.1 PM2.5 concentration control

[0023] A.1.1 The PM2.5 mass concentration ρ in the protective room is collected by the environmental signal acquisition unit and fed back to the PLC controller. The PLC controller compares the measured PM2.5 mass concentration ρ with the set value of PM2.5 mass concentration, and selects to perform the following operations based on the comparison result:

[0024] A.1.1.1 When ρ < set value, the power-on conditions are met, and no adjustment is needed.

[0025] A.1.1.2 When ρ ≥ the set value, the PM2.5 concentration needs to be adjusted to ρ < the set value through the environmental monitoring and control system;

[0026] A.2 Dew point temperature Td control

[0027] After controlling the PM2.5 concentration to ρ < the set value and resetting the environmental monitoring and control system, the environmental temperature and humidity data in the protective room are collected by the environmental signal acquisition unit to confirm whether the dew point temperature control requirements are met. If not, the environmental temperature and humidity must be adjusted until the requirements are met before starting the system. Before starting the system, the environmental temperature and humidity in the protective room should meet one of the following two conditions:

[0028] Condition 1: The ambient temperature Ta is higher than the minimum operating temperature of the laser and lower than the minimum value of the optimal operating temperature range of the laser's optical lenses;

[0029] Condition 2: The ambient dew point temperature Td is lower than the minimum value of the optimal operating temperature range of the laser's optical lens or a set value that is lower than the minimum value of the optimal operating temperature range of the laser's optical lens.

[0030] The specific steps for monitoring and adjusting the ambient temperature and humidity during dew point temperature Td control are as follows:

[0031] A.2.1 Ambient Temperature Monitoring: The ambient temperature Ta is collected by the environmental signal acquisition unit and fed back to the PLC controller. The PLC controller compares the measured ambient temperature Ta with the control range of ambient temperature Ta, and selects to perform the following operations based on the comparison result:

[0032] A.2.1.1 When the ambient temperature Ta ≤ the lower limit of the control range of the ambient temperature Ta, the ambient temperature Ta is too low and needs to be adjusted to the control range before the machine can be turned on.

[0033] A.2.1.2 When the ambient temperature Ta is within its control range, the start-up conditions are met, the water chiller is turned on, and the circulating water output by the water chiller raises the temperature of the optical lens in the laser to the optimal operating temperature range and keeps the operating temperature of the optical lens within this optimal operating temperature range. At this time, the operating temperature of the optical lens is higher than the ambient temperature Ta, and there will be no condensation. The laser is then turned on.

[0034] A.2.1.3 When the ambient temperature Ta ≥ the upper limit of the control range of the ambient temperature Ta, the ambient temperature Ta is higher than the minimum value of the optimal operating temperature of the optical lens. It is necessary to further combine temperature and humidity data to comprehensively determine whether the start-up conditions are met. The determination steps are as follows:

[0035] A.2.1.3.1 Ambient relative humidity data acquisition: The ambient relative humidity (RH) inside the protective room is acquired through the environmental signal acquisition unit and fed back to the PLC controller;

[0036] A.2.1.3.2 Comparison of relative humidity data: The PLC controller compares the measured relative humidity RH with the preset range of measured RH to determine the segment range in which the measured RH is located, and determines the corresponding target maximum temperature Tmax based on the segment range;

[0037] A.2.1.3.3 Ambient Temperature Data Acquisition: The ambient temperature Ta inside the protective room is acquired through the environmental signal acquisition unit and fed back to the PLC controller;

[0038] A.2.1.3.4 Ambient Temperature Data Comparison: The PLC controller compares the measured ambient temperature Ta with the target maximum temperature Tmax, and selects to perform the following operations based on the comparison result:

[0039] A.2.1.3.4.1 When Ta≤Tmax and the ambient dew point temperature Td<minimum of the optimal operating temperature of the laser's optical lens or a set value that is less than the minimum of the optimal operating temperature range of the laser's optical lens, the start-up requirements are met. First, turn on the water chiller to keep the operating temperature of the optical lens in the laser within the optimal operating temperature range, and then turn on the laser 3.

[0040] A.2.1.3.4.2 When Ta > Tmax, and the ambient dew point temperature Td ≥ the minimum value of the optimal operating temperature of the laser's optical lens or a set value that is less than the minimum value of the optimal operating temperature range of the laser's optical lens, the start-up requirements are not met. The ambient temperature and humidity need to be adjusted to meet the start-up conditions before the laser is turned on.

[0041] A.2.1.3.5 During the adjustment process, the ambient temperature Ta gradually decreases, and the humidity also decreases dynamically. During this adjustment process, the steps from A.2.1.3.1 to A.2.1.3.4 are executed repeatedly until the ambient temperature Ta meets the condition of A.2.1.3.4.1, at which point the power-on operation in A.2.1.3.4.1 can be performed.

[0042] The control method for the operation of the laser is as follows:

[0043] B.1 Dew Point Temperature Control

[0044] During the operation of the laser, the monitoring and control process of this system is as follows:

[0045] B.1.1 Ambient humidity data acquisition: The relative humidity (RH) inside the protective room is acquired through the environmental signal acquisition unit and fed back to the PLC controller;

[0046] B.1.2 Comparison of ambient humidity data: The PLC controller compares the measured relative humidity RH with the preset range of measured RH to determine the segment range in which the measured RH is located, and determines the corresponding target maximum temperature Tmax based on the segment range.

[0047] B.1.3 Ambient Temperature Data Acquisition: The ambient temperature Ta is acquired through the environmental signal acquisition unit and fed back to the PLC controller;

[0048] B.1.4 Ambient Temperature Data Comparison: The PLC controller compares the measured ambient temperature Ta with the target maximum temperature Tmax, and selects to perform the following operations based on the comparison result:

[0049] B.1.4.1 When Ta≤Tmax, there is no need to regulate the ambient temperature and humidity;

[0050] B.1.4.2 When Ta > Tmax, the ambient temperature and humidity need to be adjusted to meet the operating conditions of the laser;

[0051] B.2 PM2.5 concentration control

[0052] B.2.1 The PM2.5 mass concentration ρ in the protective room is collected by the environmental signal acquisition unit and fed back to the PLC controller. The PLC controller compares the measured PM2.5 mass concentration ρ with the set value of PM2.5 mass concentration, and selects to perform the following operations based on the comparison result:

[0053] B.2.1.1 When ρ < set value, the operating conditions of the laser are met, and no adjustment is required.

[0054] B.2.1.2 When ρ ≥ the set value, the PM2.5 mass concentration needs to be adjusted to ρ < the set value through the environmental monitoring and control system.

[0055] The control methods for the laser before and after shutdown are as follows:

[0056] C.1 Dew Point Temperature Control

[0057] Before turning off the laser, it should be confirmed whether the ambient temperature and humidity in the protective room meet the dew point temperature Td control requirements. If they do, there is no need to adjust the dew point temperature Td in the protective room after the laser is turned off. When the laser needs to be shut down, the laser should be turned off first, and the chiller should be turned off after a period of time.

[0058] C.2 PM2.5 Mass Concentration Control

[0059] Even after the laser is turned off, the PM2.5 concentration in the protective room must be continuously monitored and controlled.

[0060] The present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0061] The environmental monitoring and control system of the present invention can divide the air duct into zones and configure air purification devices in each zone. The electric air valve in the air purification device can close the opening of the air duct. The structural combination is interconnected and realizes the coordinated use of the control function. This allows the environmental monitoring and control system to achieve both internal control and internal and external linkage control, realizing the three-in-one control of temperature and humidity and air quality.

[0062] The environmental monitoring and control system of the present invention adopts a three-in-one sensor for temperature, humidity and particulate matter, transforming the control from single temperature and humidity control to the linkage control of temperature, humidity and PM2.5.

[0063] The environmental monitoring and control system of the present invention decomposes the indoor unit of a traditional air conditioner into an indoor unit including an expansion valve and an indoor unit converter, and an indoor unit fan arranged on the air duct. The indoor unit fan is transformed from a single blowing fan into a dual blowing and suction fan, thereby separating heating and dehumidification to ensure that the temperature and humidity in the laser protective room meet the standards.

[0064] The environmental monitoring and control system of this invention introduces fresh external air by installing a filter element, so that the air quality in the protective room of the five-axis robot laser meets the set requirements, effectively ensuring the cleanliness of the laser optical path system, avoiding the adhesion of polluting particles to the surface of the optical lens and affecting the lens performance, and improving the air quality in the protective room is more beneficial to the health of equipment maintenance personnel.

[0065] The environmental monitoring and control system of this invention precisely regulates the temperature and humidity in the protective room, keeping the dew point temperature below the optimal operating temperature of the optical lenses. This effectively prevents condensation on the optical lenses in the laser, while also avoiding excessive cooling or dehumidification, thus ensuring energy-efficient operation of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0066] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the environmental monitoring and control system for laser processing equipment according to the present invention;

[0067] Appendix Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the adjustment of the environmental monitoring and control system of the present invention when the temperature or humidity is too high.

[0068] Appendix Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the environmental monitoring and control system of the present invention adjusting when the temperature is too low;

[0069] Appendix Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first adjustment scheme of the environmental monitoring and adjustment system of the present invention when PM2.5 is too high;

[0070] Appendix Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the adjustment of the environmental monitoring and control system of the present invention when the temperature and PM2.5 are too high;

[0071] Appendix Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the adjustment of the environmental monitoring and control system of the present invention when the temperature is too low and the PM2.5 level is too high.

[0072] Appendix Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the adjustment of the environmental monitoring and control system of the present invention when the humidity is too high;

[0073] Appendix Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the adjustment of the environmental monitoring and control system of the present invention when humidity and PM2.5 are too high;

[0074] Appendix Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the adjustment of the environmental monitoring and control system of the present invention when the temperature is too low and the humidity is too high.

[0075] Appendix Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the second adjustment scheme of the environmental monitoring and adjustment system of the present invention when PM2.5 is too high.

[0076] Appendix Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a temperature control device in existing laser processing equipment.

[0077] The components are as follows: 1—PLC controller; 2—Environmental signal acquisition unit; 3—Laser; 4—Air duct; 41—Hanging rod; 42—Partition; 5—Temperature and humidity control device; 51—Indoor air conditioner unit; 511—Expansion valve; 512—Indoor unit converter; 52—Outdoor air conditioner unit; 521—Compressor; 522—Outdoor unit converter; 53—Heating wire; 54—Heating wire fan; 55—Indoor unit fan; 6—Air purification device; 61—First purification device; 611—First filter element; 612—First vertical air duct; 613—First electric air valve; 62—Second purification device; 621—Second filter element; 622—Second vertical air duct; 623—Second electric air valve; 7—Protective room. Detailed Implementation

[0078] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0079] like Figure 1-9 The system depicts an environmental monitoring and control system for laser processing equipment. The system includes a PLC controller 1, an environmental signal acquisition unit 2 located beside the laser 3, and an air duct 4 located above a protective enclosure 7. The air duct 4, open at both ends, is divided by a partition 42 into an independent heating wire air duct and an indoor unit air duct. The air duct 4 is horizontally suspended below the top of the protective enclosure 7 by suspension rods 41. Heating wires 53 are arranged inside the heating wire air duct, and an indoor air conditioning unit 51 is arranged inside the indoor unit air duct. Reversible fans are installed at the bottom of both the heating wire air duct and the indoor unit air duct. An air purification device, including a filter, air duct, and electric damper, is installed above the open ends of the air duct 4. The filter element is embedded in the through hole at the top of the protective room 7, and the filter element and the electric air valve are located at both ends of the corresponding air duct. The electric air valve can close the corresponding air duct or open the corresponding air duct and close the corresponding end opening of the air duct 4, so that the corresponding areas of the air duct and the air duct are isolated or connected. The air conditioner indoor unit 51 installed in the indoor air duct and the air conditioner outdoor unit 52 installed at the top of the protective room 7 constitute an air conditioner. The air conditioner indoor unit 51 and the air conditioner outdoor unit 52 are connected by refrigerant pipes and wires to form the cooling and heating circuit of the air conditioner. The PLC controller 1 is electrically connected to the environmental signal acquisition unit 2, the heating wire 53, the fan, the electric air valve and the air conditioner outdoor unit 52 installed above the protective room 7.

[0080] The following section will further elaborate on the environmental monitoring and control system for laser processing equipment provided by this invention through a modular description.

[0081] like Figure 1As shown, an environmental monitoring and control system for laser processing equipment is disclosed. The system includes a PLC controller 1, an environmental signal acquisition unit 2, and an environmental control execution unit. The PLC controller 1 receives and processes the data collected by the environmental signal acquisition unit 2 and controls the environmental control execution unit to execute environmental control commands. The environmental signal acquisition unit 2 collects temperature, humidity, and PM2.5 particulate matter content data in the environment inside the protective room 7 and transmits them to the PLC controller 1. The environmental control execution unit receives the environmental control commands from the PLC controller 1 to restore the environment inside the protective room 7 to a normal level.

[0082] The PLC controller 1 is placed in a dedicated environmental monitoring and control cabinet. The PLC controller 1 includes common components such as a CPU module, a digital input module, a digital output module, and an analog input module.

[0083] The environmental signal acquisition unit 2 is a three-in-one sensor for temperature, humidity and particulate matter. The three-in-one sensor is installed on the inner wall of the protective room 7 at the same position as the laser 3. It is used to collect data on temperature, humidity and PM2.5 particulate matter content in the environment, and transmits the data to the PLC controller 1 in real time via wires and MODBUS communication protocol.

[0084] The environmental control unit includes an air duct 4, a temperature and humidity control device 5, and an air purification device. The air duct 4 is suspended below the top plate of the protective room 7 by a suspension rod 41 and is roughly parallel to the top plate of the protective room 7. There is a partition 42 in the air duct 4 that divides the air duct 4 into two non-communicating sections, namely the heating wire air duct and the indoor unit air duct.

[0085] Specifically, the temperature and humidity control device 5 includes an indoor air conditioner unit 51, an outdoor air conditioner unit 52, and a heating element 53. The indoor air conditioner unit 51 and the heating element 53 are installed in the air duct 4 and located on both sides of the partition 42. The outdoor air conditioner unit 52 is installed above the top of the protective room 7. The indoor air conditioner unit 51 includes an expansion valve 511 and an indoor unit converter 512 arranged in the indoor unit air duct. The outdoor air conditioner unit 52 includes a compressor 521 and an outdoor unit converter 522. The indoor air conditioner unit 51 and the outdoor air conditioner unit 52 are connected by refrigerant pipes and wires to form a cooling and heating circuit. The expansion valve 511 and the indoor unit converter 512 in the indoor air conditioner unit 51 are arranged side by side in the air duct 4. An indoor unit fan 55 is installed on the bottom wall of the air duct 4 directly below the indoor air conditioner unit 51. The indoor unit fan 55 can rotate forward or reverse to push the air in the air duct 4 into the protective room 7, or to push the air in the protective room 7 into the protective room 7. Air is drawn into the duct 4 and then discharged outside the protective room 7. The indoor unit fan 55 is connected to the PLC controller 1, and the PLC controller 1 controls the start, stop, forward or reverse rotation of the indoor unit fan 55. The compressor 521 of the outdoor unit 52 is connected to the PLC controller 1, and the PLC controller controls the start, stop, cooling and heating of the compressor in the outdoor unit. The heating wire 53 is installed in the duct 4. The heating wire fan 54 is installed on the bottom wall of the duct 4 directly below the heating wire 53. The heating wire fan 54 can push the air in the duct 4 into the protective room 7 or draw the air in the protective room 7 into the duct 4 and then discharge it outside the protective room 7 by rotating forward or reverse. The heating wire fan 54 and the heating wire 53 are respectively connected to the PLC controller 1. The PLC controller 1 controls the start, stop, forward or reverse rotation of the heating wire fan 54 and controls whether the heating wire 53 is heated.

[0086] The aforementioned temperature and humidity control device 5 can regulate the humidity inside the protective room 7. Since laser cutting equipment is not suitable for operation in high humidity environments, the temperature and humidity control device 5 is usually used to reduce the humidity inside the protective room 7. When the environmental signal acquisition unit 2 detects that the humidity inside the protective room is too high, the water vapor inside the protective room 7 can be condensed by cooling the pipes of the air conditioner indoor unit 51, thereby reducing the water vapor concentration and achieving the effect of reducing humidity. The aforementioned temperature and humidity control device 5 can also regulate the temperature inside the protective room 7. When the environmental signal acquisition unit 2 detects that the temperature inside the protective room is too high or too low, the temperature is regulated by the cooling and heating circuit formed between the air conditioner indoor unit 51 and the air conditioner outdoor unit 52. When the humidity is reduced by using the cooling circuit, the temperature will also decrease at the same time. If it is necessary to increase the temperature while reducing the humidity, the heating wire 53 can be activated simultaneously to keep the temperature unchanged or increase the temperature when the humidity inside the protective room 7 decreases. The heating wire 53 can also be used alone when heating is required.

[0087] The aforementioned air purification device includes a first purification device 61 and a second purification device 62 configured identically. The first purification device 61 includes a first filter element 611, a first vertical air duct 612, and a first electric air valve 613. The second purification device 62 includes a second filter element 621, a second vertical air duct 622, and a second electric air valve 623. The first filter element 611 in the first purification device 61 is embedded in the through hole at the top of the protective room 7. Air outside the protective room 7 enters the protective room 7 after being filtered by the first filter element 611, and air inside the protective room 7 is discharged outside the protective room 7 after being filtered by the first filter element 611. Below the first filter element 611 is the first vertical air duct 612, which is connected to the horizontally arranged air duct 4 below. The first electric air valve 613 is installed at the opening of the first vertical air duct 612. The first electric air valve 613 can be in either a horizontal or vertical position. When it is in the horizontal position, the first vertical air duct 612 is isolated from the air duct 4, and air inside and outside the protective room 7 cannot flow through the first vertical air duct 612. When the first electric air valve 613 is in the vertical position, the first vertical air duct 612 is connected to the air duct 4, and air inside and outside the protective room 7 can flow through the first vertical air duct 612. The second purification device 62 includes a second filter element 621, a second vertical air duct 622, and a second electric air valve 623. The second filter element 621 is embedded in a corresponding through hole in the top of the protective room 7, so that air outside the protective room 7 is filtered by the second filter element 621 before entering the protective room 7, or air inside the protective room 7 is filtered by the second filter element 621 before being discharged outside the protective room 7. Below the second filter element 621 is the second vertical air duct 622, and the bottom opening of the second vertical air duct 622 is located above the opening of the corresponding electric heating wire air duct or the opening of the corresponding indoor unit air duct. The bottom opening of the second vertical air duct 622 is provided with... A second electric air valve 623 is capable of being in a horizontal or vertical position. The second electric air valve 623 is electrically connected to the PLC controller 1, and the PLC controller 1 controls the position state of the second electric air valve 623. When the second electric air valve 623 is in the horizontal position, the second vertical air duct 622 is isolated from the corresponding heating wire air duct or indoor unit air duct, preventing air from flowing through the second vertical air duct 622 inside and outside the protective room 7. When the second electric air valve 623 is in the vertical position, the second vertical air duct 622 is connected to the corresponding heating wire air duct or indoor unit air duct, allowing air to flow through the second vertical air duct 622 inside and outside the protective room 7.

[0088] Furthermore, the laser 3 is connected to a water chiller (not shown) via a circulating water pipeline. The water chiller is located outside the protective room 7. The water chiller is used to regulate the temperature of heat-generating components such as optical lenses, heat exchangers, switching power supplies, and mechanical shutters in the laser 3. The temperature of the circulating cooling water in the water chiller is generally set in the range of 20℃ to 26℃, preferably 22±1℃.

[0089] The environmental monitoring and regulation system for laser processing equipment provided by this invention has two different control methods. The first method is to perform real-time linkage control of temperature, humidity, and PM2.5 in the protective room 7. The second method is to perform segmented control of temperature and humidity in the protective room 7 based on dew point temperature Td, as well as control of PM2.5 mass concentration in the protective room 7. The segmented control of temperature and humidity in the protective room 7 based on dew point temperature Td is achieved by segmenting relative humidity RH. Each segment of relative humidity RH corresponds to a target maximum temperature Tmax. As long as the ambient temperature Ta is controlled below the target maximum temperature Tmax, the dew point temperature Td can be guaranteed to be lower than the set value, thereby ensuring that the optical lens does not condense.

[0090] 1. Temperature, humidity, and PM2.5 levels inside protective room 7 are controlled in a coordinated manner.

[0091] The following eight specific embodiments illustrate the working principle of the environmental monitoring and control system for laser processing equipment provided by the present invention.

[0092] Example 1: Adjustment of excessively high temperature or humidity

[0093] like Figure 2 As shown, when the environmental signal acquisition unit 2 detects that the humidity and PM2.5 levels in the protective room 7 are normal but the temperature is too high, or the PM2.5 level is normal but the temperature and humidity are too high, the PLC controller 1 activates the temperature and humidity adjustment device 5 to cool down and dehumidify.

[0094] PLC controller 1 controls the first electric air valve 613 and the second electric air valve 623 to rotate to the horizontal position, so that the first vertical air duct 612 and the second vertical air duct 622 are respectively isolated from the air duct 4.

[0095] PLC controller 1 stops the heating wire 53 and heating wire fan 54 from running, and controls the compressor 521 of the outdoor unit 52 of the air conditioner to start and cool, thereby lowering the temperature of the indoor unit converter 512. PLC controller 1 also controls the indoor unit fan 55 to start and blow air downwards. At this time, the airflow inside the protective room 7 is in a state where the indoor unit fan 55 blows air downwards and the air duct 4 returns air on the right side. The circulating airflow is cooled by the internal converter 512, and the water vapor in the circulating airflow condenses into liquid water and flows out of the protective room, thereby reducing the temperature inside the protective room 7 or simultaneously reducing the temperature and humidity inside the protective room 7 to a normal level.

[0096] Example 2: Temperature Adjustment for Excessively Low Temperature

[0097] like Figure 3As shown, when the environmental signal acquisition unit 2 detects that the humidity and PM2.5 levels in the protective room 7 are normal but the temperature is too low, the PLC controller 1 activates the temperature and humidity regulation device 5 to regulate the temperature.

[0098] PLC controller 1 controls the first electric air valve 613 and the second electric air valve 623 to rotate to the horizontal position, so that the first vertical air duct 612 and the second vertical air duct 622 are respectively isolated from the air duct 4.

[0099] PLC controller 1 controls the heating wire 53 and heating wire fan 54 to stop running. PLC controller 1 controls the compressor 521 of the outdoor unit 52 of the air conditioner to start and heat, so that the temperature of the indoor unit converter 512 rises. PLC controller 1 controls the indoor unit fan 55 to start and blow air downwards. At this time, the airflow in the protective room 7 forms a state where the indoor unit fan 55 blows air downwards and the air duct 4 returns air to the right. The circulating airflow rises in temperature through the indoor unit converter 512, thereby raising the temperature in the protective room 7 to a normal level.

[0100] Example 3: Adjustment of Excessive PM2.5

[0101] like Figure 4 As shown, when the environmental signal acquisition unit 2 detects that the temperature and humidity in the protective room 7 are normal but the PM2.5 level is too high, the PLC controller 1 activates the temperature and humidity adjustment device 5 to reduce the PM2.5 level.

[0102] PLC controller 1 controls the first electric air valve 613 and the second electric air valve 623 to rotate to the vertical position, so that the first vertical air duct 612 and the second vertical air duct 622 are respectively connected to the air duct 4.

[0103] PLC controller 1 controls the heating wire 53 and heating wire fan 54 to stop operating, PLC controller 1 controls the compressor 521 to stop operating, and PLC controller 1 controls the indoor unit fan 55 to start and blow air downwards. At this time, the airflow in the protective room 7 forms the indoor unit fan 55 blowing air downwards, and the airflow returns through the second filter 621 embedded in the top plate of the protective room 7, and then the airflow is passively exchanged to the outside through the heating wire fan 54 and the first filter 611. The circulating airflow becomes clean air through the second filter 621 and enters the protective room 7. The air in the protective room 7 with excessive PM2.5 is filtered by the first filter 611 and discharged outside the protective room 7, thereby reducing the PM2.5 index in the protective room 7 to a normal level.

[0104] Example 4: Regulation of excessively high temperature and PM2.5 levels

[0105] like Figure 5As shown, when the environmental signal acquisition unit 2 detects that the humidity index in the protective room 7 is normal, but the temperature and PM2.5 index are too high, the PLC controller 1 activates the temperature and humidity adjustment device 5 to reduce the temperature and PM2.5 index.

[0106] PLC controller 1 controls the first electric air valve 613 and the second electric air valve 623 to rotate to the vertical position, so that the first vertical air duct 612 and the second vertical air duct 622 are respectively connected to the air duct 4.

[0107] PLC controller 1 stops the operation of heating wire 53 and heating wire fan 54, and controls compressor 521 to run and cool, thus lowering the temperature of indoor unit converter 512. PLC controller 1 also controls indoor unit fan 55 to start and blow air downwards. At this time, the airflow in the protective room 7 forms a state where the indoor unit fan 55 blows air downwards, the air returns through the second filter 621 embedded in the top plate of the protective room 7, and the airflow is passively exchanged to the outside through heating wire fan 54 and first filter 611. The circulating airflow becomes clean air through the second filter 621 and enters the protective room 7. The air in the protective room 7 containing excessive PM2.5 is filtered by the first filter 611 and discharged outside the protective room 7. In addition, the temperature of the circulating airflow is lowered by the indoor unit converter 512, thereby simultaneously reducing the temperature and PM2.5 index in the protective room 7 to a normal level.

[0108] Example 5: Adjustment of excessively low temperature and excessively high PM2.5 levels

[0109] like Figure 6 As shown, when the environmental signal acquisition unit 2 detects that the humidity index in the protective room 7 is normal, the temperature is too low, and the PM2.5 index is too high, the PLC controller 1 activates the temperature and humidity adjustment device 5 to increase the temperature and decrease the PM2.5 index at the same time.

[0110] PLC controller 1 controls the first electric air valve 613 and the second electric air valve 623 to rotate to the vertical position, so that the first vertical air duct 612 and the second vertical air duct 622 are connected to the air duct 4.

[0111] PLC controller 1 stops the operation of heating wire 53 and heating wire fan 54, and controls compressor 521 to run and heat, causing the temperature of indoor unit converter 512 to rise. PLC controller 1 also controls indoor unit fan 55 to start and blow air downwards. At this time, the airflow in the protective room forms a state where indoor unit fan 55 blows air downwards, air returns through the second filter 621 embedded in the roof of the protective room, and the airflow is passively exchanged to the outside through heating wire fan 54 and first filter 611. The circulating airflow becomes clean air through the second filter 621 and enters the protective room 7. The air in the protective room 7 containing excessive PM2.5 is filtered by the first filter 611 and discharged outside the protective room 7. The temperature of the circulating airflow rises through indoor unit converter 512, thereby raising the temperature inside the protective room 7 and reducing the PM2.5 index to a normal level.

[0112] Example 6: Adjustment of excessive humidity

[0113] like Figure 7 As shown, when the environmental signal acquisition unit 2 detects that the temperature and PM2.5 levels inside the protective room 7 are normal, but the humidity is too high, the PLC controller 1 activates the temperature and humidity adjustment device 5 to reduce the humidity.

[0114] PLC controller 1 controls the first electric air valve 613 and the second electric air valve 623 to rotate to the horizontal position, so that the first vertical air duct 612 and the second vertical air duct 622 are respectively isolated from the air duct 4.

[0115] PLC controller 1 controls the heating wire 53, heating wire fan 54, and indoor unit fan 55 to stop running. PLC controller 1 controls the compressor 521 to start and cool. The indoor unit converter 512 becomes extremely cold. At this time, the water vapor in the air inside the protective room 7 condenses into liquid water and flows to the outside of the protective room 7, thereby reducing the humidity inside the protective room 7 to a normal level.

[0116] Example 7: Adjustment of excessively high humidity and PM2.5 levels

[0117] like Figure 8 As shown, when the environmental signal acquisition unit 2 detects that the temperature index inside the protective room 7 is normal, but the humidity and PM2.5 index are too high, the PLC controller 1 activates the temperature and humidity adjustment device 5 to reduce the humidity and PM2.5 index.

[0118] PLC controller 1 controls the first electric air valve 613 and the second electric air valve 623 to rotate to the vertical position, so that the first vertical air duct 612 and the second vertical air duct 622 are respectively connected to the air duct 4.

[0119] PLC controller 1 stops the operation of heating wire 53 and heating wire fan 54, and controls compressor 521 to start and cool. The temperature of indoor unit converter 512 becomes extremely low, and PLC controller 1 controls indoor unit fan 55 to start and blow air upwards. At this time, the airflow in the protective room 7 is formed by the indoor unit fan 55 blowing air upwards, the air outlet at the second filter 621 embedded in the top plate of the protective room 7, and the airflow then passively exchanges air into the room through the first filter 611 and the heating wire fan 54. The circulating airflow becomes clean air after passing through the first filter 611 and enters the protective room 7. The air in the protective room 7 with excessive PM2.5 is filtered by the second filter 621 and discharged outside the protective room 7. In addition, the water vapor in the circulating airflow condenses into liquid water when it is cooled and is guided to the outside of the protective room 7, thereby reducing the humidity and PM2.5 index in the protective room 7 to a normal level.

[0120] Example 8: Adjustment of excessively low temperature and excessively high humidity

[0121] like Figure 9 As shown, when the environmental signal acquisition unit 2 detects that the PM2.5 index in the protective room 7 meets the standard, the temperature is too low and the humidity is too high, the PLC controller 1 activates the temperature and humidity adjustment device 5 to increase the temperature and decrease the humidity.

[0122] PLC controller 1 controls the first electric air valve 613 and the second electric air valve 623 to rotate to the horizontal position, so that the first vertical air duct 612 and the second vertical air duct 622 are respectively isolated from the air duct 4.

[0123] PLC controller 1 controls the operation of heating wire 53, controls the operation of heating wire fan 54 to blow air downwards, controls compressor 521 to start and cool, and controls indoor fan 55 to stop running. At this time, water vapor in the air inside the protective room 7 condenses into liquid water and flows out of the protective room 7. The airflow inside the protective room 7 forms a state where the heating wire fan 54 blows air downwards and the air duct 4 returns air to the left. The airflow passes through the hot heating wire 53 and the temperature rises. This reduces the humidity and raises the temperature inside the protective room 7 to a normal level.

[0124] II. Segmented control of temperature and humidity in protective room 7 based on dew point temperature Td, and control of PM2.5 concentration in protective room 7.

[0125] Because the optical lenses used in laser 3 are sensitive to temperature, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of laser 3 is highest when the working temperature of the optical lenses is within the range of 22℃±1℃. Therefore, the environmental temperature and humidity control objective in this invention is to use a water chiller to control the working temperature of the optical lenses within the range of 22℃±1℃. By monitoring and adjusting the environmental temperature and humidity in the protective room 7, the dew point temperature Td in the environment is always lower than the working temperature of the optical lenses. This ensures that the optical lenses and lens mounts do not condense. If the dew point temperature Td in the environment is higher than the working temperature of the optical lenses, condensation will occur on the lens mounts around the optical lenses. The cooler condensate on the lens mounts will flow onto the hotter surface of the optical lenses, causing the lenses to crack. The laser 3 control system will immediately report an error and stop the machine, pausing the laser processing process. In an industrial production line, any unexpected stoppage of any process will affect the production efficiency of the entire production line and may even lead to serious consequences such as production stoppage. Therefore, it is necessary to minimize the risk of unexpected shutdown of laser 3 due to condensation on the optical lenses.

[0126] To more accurately control the dew point temperature (Td) of the environment within the ideal range, we use the lower limit of the optimal operating temperature of the optical lens (22±1℃) as a benchmark. We then implement segmented control of the ambient temperature and humidity. Using the dew point calculation formula, we calculate the upper limit of temperature control (i.e., the target maximum temperature Tmax) for each relative humidity range when the dew point temperature (Td) is less than 20℃. The calculated data is listed in Table 1. Column E of Table 1 represents the segmented ranges of relative humidity (RH), and column D in the same row represents the target maximum temperature Tmax within that range. For example, the humidity range in column E of row 5 is 68% < RH ≤ 73%, and the target maximum temperature Tmax in column D of the same row is 25℃. This means that when the relative humidity (RH) in the protective room is within the range of 68% < RH ≤ 73%, the ambient temperature (Ta) needs to be controlled below 25℃. This ensures that the dew point temperature (Td) under these environmental conditions is always lower than the operating temperature of the optical lens, preventing condensation and effectively preventing lens breakage.

[0127] The formula for calculating the dew point temperature Td is: In the formula: Td is the dew point temperature in the protective room; RH is the relative humidity in the protective room; Ta is the ambient temperature in the protective room; Tn and m are temperature-related constants, and their specific values ​​are as follows: when 0 < Ta ≤ 50℃, Tn = 243.12, m = 17.62.

[0128] Table 1. Comparison of Ambient Temperature, Relative Humidity, and Dew Point

[0129]

[0130] When the operating temperature of the optical lens is higher than the ambient temperature Ta or dew point temperature Td, the optical lens will not condense. Given that the optimal operating temperature range of the optical lens is 22℃±1℃, its lower limit is 21℃. To prevent condensation on the optical lens, the dew point temperature Td in the environment needs to be controlled below 21℃. This ensures that the operating temperature of the optical lens is always higher than the dew point temperature Td. Considering the actual situation and the error in temperature monitoring and control, to ensure that the optical lens does not condense, this invention proposes to control the ambient dew point temperature Td below 20℃, preferably within a range of 19.79±0.2℃. By dynamically adjusting the ambient temperature and humidity, the ambient dew point temperature Td can be controlled within this range, ensuring that the optical lens does not condense when operating within a temperature range of 22±1℃.

[0131] Without air conditioning, the indoor ambient temperature in most areas generally does not exceed 40℃. Therefore, the upper limit of the ambient temperature Ta control range of this environmental monitoring and control system is 40℃. Simultaneously, based on the relative humidity conditions in most areas, the control range for ambient relative humidity RH is selected as 30%–93%. Within the selected temperature and humidity range, temperature and humidity are controlled in a matched, segmented manner to ensure that the dew point temperature Td of the environment remains lower than the operating temperature of the optical lenses within each temperature and humidity control segment.

[0132] Because the optical lenses in laser 3 have certain requirements for environmental cleanliness, in addition to regulating the ambient temperature and humidity, it is also necessary to control the PM2.5 concentration within a certain range. This is to prevent excessive PM2.5 concentration in the protective room from causing excessive particulate matter to adhere to the surface of the optical lenses, reducing the reflectivity of the lenses to the laser and thus affecting the performance of laser 3. In the environmental monitoring and control system of this invention, the PM2.5 concentration is intended to be controlled at 75 μg / m³. 3 the following.

[0133] Based on the different working states of the laser 3, the environmental monitoring and control is divided into three stages based on the segmented control of temperature and humidity in the protective room 7 and the control of PM2.5 mass concentration in the protective room 7. Each stage is divided into two parts. The three stages are: before the laser 3 is turned on, when the laser 3 is running, and before and after the laser 3 is turned off. The two parts are: the dew point temperature control part and the PM2.5 mass concentration control part.

[0134] A. First stage: Environmental monitoring and adjustment before laser 3 is turned on, and start-up control of water chiller and laser 3.

[0135] A.1 First Phase, Part 1: PM2.5 Mass Concentration Control

[0136] Before laser 3 is turned on, the PM2.5 concentration in protective room 7 should be controlled at 75 μg / m³. 3 The specific monitoring and adjustment steps are as follows:

[0137] A.1.1 The PM2.5 mass concentration ρ in the protective room 7 is collected by the environmental signal acquisition unit 2 and fed back to the PLC controller 1. The PLC controller 1 compares the measured PM2.5 mass concentration ρ with 75 μg / m³. 3 Perform a comparison, and based on the comparison results, select the following operations:

[0138] A.1.1.1 When ρ < 75 μg / m 3 At this time, the power-on conditions are met, and no adjustment is needed.

[0139] A.1.1.2 When ρ≥75μg / m 3 At that time, it is necessary to adjust the PM2.5 mass concentration ρ to ρ < 75 μg / m³ through environmental monitoring and control systems. 3 There are two adjustment methods below; you can choose either one to perform.

[0140] Adjustment method 1: PLC controller 1 controls the first electric air valve 613 and the second electric air valve 623 to rotate to the vertical position, so that the first vertical air duct 612 and the second vertical air duct 622 are respectively connected to the air duct 4.

[0141] PLC controller 1 controls the indoor unit fan 55 to start and blow air downwards; at this time, the airflow in the protective room 7 forms the indoor unit fan 55 blowing downwards, and the airflow returns through the second filter 621 embedded in the top plate of the protective room 7, and then passively exchanges air with the first filter 611 to the outside through the electric heating wire fan 54; the circulating airflow becomes clean air after passing through the second filter 621 and enters the protective room 7, while the air in the protective room 7 with excessive PM2.5 concentration is filtered by the first filter 611 and discharged outside the protective room 7. This process is called external air circulation, which can reduce the PM2.5 concentration in the protective room 7 to ρ < 75 μg / m³. 3 Upon startup, the external air circulation is paused. PLC controller 1 controls the first electric damper 613 and the second electric damper 623 to rotate to a horizontal position. The first electric damper 613 closes the first vertical air duct 612, and the second electric damper 623 closes the second vertical air duct 622. Simultaneously, the corresponding air duct opening 4 is opened. PLC controller 1 then controls the indoor unit fan 55 to stop running. This adjustment method 1 can be adopted... Figure 4 The adjustment diagram is shown below.

[0142] Adjustment method 2: PLC controller 1 controls the first electric air valve 613 and the second electric air valve 623 to rotate to the vertical position, so that the first vertical air duct 612 and the second vertical air duct 622 are respectively connected to the air duct 4.

[0143] PLC controller 1 controls the electric heating wire fan 54 to start and blow air downwards; at this time, the airflow inside the protective room 7 forms the downward blowing air from the electric heating wire fan 54, and the airflow returns through the first filter element 611 embedded in the top plate of the protective room 7, and then passively exchanges air with the outside through the indoor fan 55 to the second filter element 621; the circulating airflow becomes clean air after passing through the first filter element 611 and enters the protective room 7, while the air with excessive PM2.5 concentration inside the protective room 7 is filtered by the second filter element 621 and discharged outside the protective room 7. This process is called external air circulation, which can reduce the PM2.5 concentration inside the protective room 7 to ρ < 75 μg / m³. 3 Upon startup, the external air circulation is paused. PLC controller 1 controls the first electric air valve 613 and the second electric air valve 623 to rotate to a horizontal position. The first electric air valve 613 closes the first vertical air duct 612, and the second electric air valve 623 closes the second vertical air duct 622. Simultaneously, the corresponding air duct 4 openings are opened. PLC controller 1 then controls the heating wire fan 54 to stop operating. This adjustment method 2 can be adopted... Figure 10 The adjustment diagram is shown below.

[0144] A.2 First Stage, Part Two: Dew Point Temperature Td Control

[0145] The PM2.5 concentration should be controlled at ρ < 75 μg / m³. 3 After pausing the external air circulation, the environmental temperature and humidity data in the protective room 7 are collected by the environmental signal acquisition unit 2 to confirm whether the dew point temperature control requirements are met. If not, the environmental temperature and humidity must be adjusted until the requirements are met before the machine can be turned on.

[0146] Before starting the machine, the ambient temperature and humidity in the protective room 7 should meet either of the following two conditions.

[0147] Condition 1: The ambient temperature Ta is higher than the minimum operating temperature of laser 3 by 15℃ and lower than the minimum optimal operating temperature of the optical lens by 21℃, i.e., 15℃ < Ta < 21℃.

[0148] Condition 2: The ambient dew point temperature Td is below 20℃, i.e., Td < 20℃.

[0149] The specific steps for monitoring and adjusting ambient temperature and humidity are as follows:

[0150] A.2.1 Ambient Temperature Monitoring: The ambient temperature Ta is collected by the ambient signal acquisition unit 2 and fed back to the PLC controller 1. The PLC controller 1 compares the measured ambient temperature Ta with the control range of ambient temperature Ta, 15℃ < Ta < 21℃, and selects to perform the following operations based on the comparison result:

[0151] A.2.1.1 When Ta≤15℃, the ambient temperature Ta is too low. The ambient temperature Ta needs to be adjusted to the range of 15℃<Ta<21℃ before the machine can be turned on. There are two methods for raising the temperature, and you can choose one to perform.

[0152] Heating Method 1: PLC controller 1 controls the compressor 521 of the outdoor unit 52 of the air conditioner to start and heat, thereby raising the outlet air temperature of the indoor unit 51. PLC controller 1 also controls the indoor unit fan 55 to start and blow air downwards. At this time, the airflow in the protective room 7 forms a state where the indoor unit fan 55 blows air downwards and the indoor unit duct opens to return air, referred to as heating internal circulation. The circulating airflow raises the temperature through the indoor unit, thereby raising the ambient temperature Ta in the protective room 7 to a temperature control range of 15℃ < Ta < 21℃. This heating method 1 can be used... Figure 2 The adjustment diagram is shown below.

[0153] Heating Method 2: PLC controller 1 controls the compressor 521 of the outdoor unit 52 and the indoor unit fan 55 to stop running, and controls the heating wire 53 and the heating wire fan 54 to start, with fan 54 blowing downwards. At this time, the airflow in the protective room 7 forms a state where the heating wire fan 54 blows downwards and the opening of the heating wire duct returns air, referred to as internal circulation for heating. The circulating airflow increases the temperature through the heating wire 53, thereby increasing the ambient temperature Ta in the protective room 7, making it reach the temperature control range of 15℃ < Ta < 21℃. This heating method 2 can be used... Figure 9 The adjustment diagram is shown below.

[0154] A.2.1.2 When 15℃<Ta<21℃, the start-up conditions are met, the water chiller is turned on, and the circulating water output by the water chiller raises the temperature of the optical lens in laser 3 to 22℃±1℃ and keeps the working temperature of the optical lens within this temperature range. At this time, the working temperature of the optical lens is higher than the ambient temperature Ta and there will be no condensation. Laser 3 is then turned on.

[0155] A.2.1.3 When the ambient temperature Ta ≥ 21℃, the ambient temperature Ta is higher than the minimum value of the optimal operating temperature of the optical lens. Under these environmental conditions, condensation may occur when laser 3 is turned on. It is necessary to further combine temperature and humidity data to comprehensively determine whether the start-up conditions are met. The determination steps are as follows:

[0156] A.2.1.3.1 Ambient relative humidity data acquisition: The ambient relative humidity (RH) inside the protective room 7 is acquired through the environmental signal acquisition unit 2 and fed back to the PLC controller 1;

[0157] A.2.1.3.2 Comparison of relative humidity data: PLC controller 1 compares the measured relative humidity RH with the measured RH range in column E of Table 1 to determine the segment interval of the measured RH in Table 1, and determines the target maximum temperature Tmax in column D based on the segment interval.

[0158] A.2.1.3.3 Ambient temperature data acquisition: The ambient temperature Ta is acquired through the ambient signal acquisition unit 2 and fed back to the PLC controller 1;

[0159] A.2.1.3.4 Ambient Temperature Data Comparison: PLC controller 1 compares the measured ambient temperature Ta with the target maximum temperature Tmax, and selects to perform the following operations based on the comparison result:

[0160] A.2.1.3.4.1 When Ta≤Tmax, the ambient dew point temperature Td<20℃, which meets the start-up requirements, first turn on the water chiller to keep the working temperature of the optical lens in laser 3 within the range of 22℃±1℃, and then turn on laser 3.

[0161] A.2.1.3.4.2 When Ta > Tmax, the ambient dew point temperature Td ≥ 20℃, which does not meet the start-up requirements. The ambient temperature and humidity need to be adjusted to meet the start-up conditions before starting the machine. The adjustment method is as follows:

[0162] The ambient temperature Ta in the protective room 7 is adjusted to decrease. The cooling adjustment method is as follows: PLC controller 1 controls the compressor 521 of the outdoor unit 52 of the air conditioner to start and cool, which lowers the temperature of the indoor unit converter 512. PLC controller 1 controls the indoor unit fan 55 to start and blow air downwards. At this time, the airflow in the protective room 7 forms a state where the indoor unit fan 55 blows air downwards and the air duct 4 returns air on the right side. The circulating airflow is cooled by the internal converter 512, which is referred to as internal cooling circulation. The water vapor in the circulating airflow condenses into liquid water and flows out of the protective room 7. Therefore, as the ambient temperature Ta gradually decreases, the humidity will also decrease dynamically. During this process, steps A.2.1.3.1 to A.2.1.3.4 are executed repeatedly until the ambient temperature Ta meets the condition of A.2.1.3.4.1, at which point the start-up operation in A.2.1.3.4.1 can be executed. This cooling adjustment method can be adopted. Figure 2 The adjustment diagram is shown below.

[0163] B. Second Phase: Environmental Monitoring and Adjustment During Laser Operation

[0164] B.1 Second Stage, Part 1: Dew Point Temperature Control

[0165] Laser 3 continuously generates heat during operation, causing the ambient temperature Ta inside protective chamber 7 to gradually rise. Simultaneously, the external ambient temperature and humidity also fluctuate. Therefore, under the combined influence of laser 3 operation and changes in external ambient temperature and humidity, the temperature and humidity inside protective chamber 7 will also fluctuate. Thus, during laser 3 operation, an environmental monitoring and control system is needed to continuously monitor and regulate the ambient temperature and humidity inside protective chamber 7 to ensure that the dew point temperature Td inside protective chamber 7 remains below 20℃. This prevents condensation on the optical lenses and achieves the control target. The monitoring and control process is as follows:

[0166] B.1.1 Ambient humidity data acquisition: The relative humidity (RH) inside the protective room 7 is acquired through the environmental signal acquisition unit 2 and fed back to the PLC controller 1;

[0167] B.1.2 Comparison of ambient humidity data: PLC controller 1 compares the measured relative humidity RH with the measured RH range in column E of Table 1 to determine the segment interval of the measured RH in Table 1, and determines the target maximum temperature Tmax in column D based on the segment interval.

[0168] B.1.3 Ambient temperature data acquisition: The ambient temperature Ta is acquired through the ambient signal acquisition unit 2 and fed back to the PLC controller 1;

[0169] B.1.4 Ambient Temperature Data Comparison: PLC controller 1 compares the measured ambient temperature Ta with the target maximum temperature Tmax, and selects to perform the following operations based on the comparison result:

[0170] B.1.4.1 When Ta≤Tmax, there is no need to regulate the ambient temperature and humidity;

[0171] B.1.4.2 When Ta > Tmax, the ambient temperature and humidity need to be adjusted to meet the optimal operating conditions of the laser.

[0172] Adjust the ambient temperature Ta in the protective room 7 to lower it, using the same method as described in A.2.1.3.4.2. As the ambient temperature gradually decreases, the humidity will also decrease dynamically. During this process, the control procedures from B.1.1 to B.1.4 are executed cyclically until the ambient temperature Ta meets the conditions of B.1.4.1, at which point the ambient temperature and humidity control can be paused. Continuously monitor the temperature and humidity data in the protective room. When the ambient temperature Ta reaches the index specified in B.1.4.2, immediately start the control procedures from B.1.1 to B.1.4.

[0173] B.2 Second Stage, Part Two: PM2.5 Mass Concentration Control

[0174] During the operation of laser 3, the PM2.5 concentration in protective room 7 will gradually increase. The monitoring and adjustment steps for the PM2.5 concentration in protective room 7 are as follows:

[0175] B.2.1 The PM2.5 mass concentration ρ is collected by the environmental signal acquisition unit 2 and fed back to the PLC controller 1. The PLC controller 1 compares the measured PM2.5 mass concentration ρ with 75 μg / m³. 3 Perform a comparison, and based on the comparison results, select the following operations:

[0176] B.2.1.1 When ρ < 75 μg / m 3 At this time, the laser's operating conditions are met, and no adjustment is required.

[0177] B.2.1.2 When ρ≥75μg / m 3 At that time, it is necessary to adjust the PM2.5 mass concentration ρ to ρ < 75 μg / m³ through environmental monitoring and control systems. 3 The adjustment method is the same as that described in A1.1.2, and will not be repeated here.

[0178] C. Third stage: Environmental monitoring and adjustment before and after laser shutdown, as well as shutdown control of water chiller and laser.

[0179] C.1 Third Stage, Part 1: Dew Point Temperature Control

[0180] Before turning off laser 3, it should be confirmed whether the ambient temperature and humidity in protective room 7 meet the dew point temperature Td control requirements in B.1. After laser 3 is turned off, it is not necessary to adjust the dew point temperature Td in protective room 7. When laser 3 needs to be shut down, laser 3 should be turned off first, and the chiller should be turned off after about 5 minutes.

[0181] C.2 Phase Three, Part Two: PM2.5 Mass Concentration Control

[0182] After laser 3 is turned off, the PM2.5 concentration in protective room 7 must be continuously monitored and controlled to prevent excessively high concentrations of pollutants in the environment from entering the optical path system of laser 3 and adhering to the surface of the optical lenses, thus degrading the optical performance of the lenses. The method for continuously monitoring and controlling the PM2.5 concentration in protective room 7 after laser 3 is turned off is the same as the method described in B.2, and will not be repeated here.

[0183] The environmental monitoring and control system of this invention ensures that the air quality inside the laser protective room 7 meets the set requirements, effectively guaranteeing the cleanliness of the optical path system of the laser 3 and preventing particulate matter from adhering to the surface of the optical lenses and affecting their performance. Improving the air quality inside the protective room 7 is also beneficial to the health of equipment maintenance personnel. Furthermore, by precisely controlling the temperature and humidity within the protective room 7, the dew point temperature is kept below the optimal operating temperature of the optical lenses, effectively preventing condensation on the optical lenses of the laser 3, while avoiding excessive cooling or dehumidification, thus ensuring energy-efficient operation of the equipment.

[0184] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made to the technical solutions based on the technical concept proposed in this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of this invention. Technologies not covered in this invention can be implemented using existing technologies.

Claims

1. An environmental monitoring and control system for laser processing equipment, characterized in that: The system includes a PLC controller (1), an environmental signal acquisition unit (2) located next to the laser (3), and an air duct (4) located on the upper part of the protective room (7). The air duct (4), which is open at both ends, is divided into an independent electric heating wire air duct and an indoor unit air duct by a partition (42). An electric heating wire (53) is arranged in the electric heating wire air duct, and an air conditioning indoor unit (51) is arranged in the indoor unit air duct. Fans capable of forward and reverse rotation are arranged at the bottom of the electric heating wire air duct and the indoor unit air duct, respectively. Above the open end of the air duct (4), a filter is arranged. The air purification device consists of a filter element, a duct, and an electric air valve. The filter element is embedded in the through hole at the top of the protective room (7), and the filter element and the electric air valve are located at the two ends of the corresponding duct. The electric air valve can close the corresponding duct and at the same time close the corresponding end opening of the air pipe (4), or open the corresponding duct, so that the corresponding areas of the duct and the air pipe are isolated or connected. The PLC controller (1) is electrically connected to the environmental signal acquisition unit (2), the heating wire (53), the fan, the electric air valve, and the air conditioner outdoor unit (52) set above the protective room (7). The air purification device includes a first purification device (61) and a second purification device (62). The first purification device (61) is arranged above the opening end of the heating wire duct and the second purification device (62) is arranged above the opening end of the indoor unit duct. The first purification device (61) includes a first filter element (611), a first vertical air duct (612), and a first electric air valve (613). The first filter element (611) is embedded in the corresponding through hole at the top of the protective room (7), so that air outside the protective room (7) is filtered by the first filter element (611) and enters the protective room (7), or air inside the protective room (7) is filtered by the first filter element (611) and discharged outside the protective room (7). Below the first filter element (611) is the first vertical air duct (612), and the bottom opening of the first vertical air duct (612) is set above the opening of the corresponding electric heating wire air duct. A first electric air valve (613) is installed at the opening, which can be in a horizontal or vertical position. The first electric air valve (613) is electrically connected to the PLC controller (1), and the PLC controller (1) controls the position state of the first electric air valve (613). When the first electric air valve (613) is in the horizontal position, the first vertical air duct (612) is isolated from the corresponding electric heating wire air duct, so that the air inside and outside the protective room (7) cannot flow through the first vertical air duct (612). When the first electric air valve (613) is in the vertical position, the first vertical air duct (612) is connected to the corresponding electric heating wire air duct, and the air inside and outside the protective room (7) can flow through the first vertical air duct (612). The second purification device (62) includes a second filter element (621), a second vertical air duct (622), and a second electric air valve (623). The second filter element (621) is embedded in the corresponding through hole at the top of the protective room (7), so that air outside the protective room (7) is filtered by the second filter element (621) and enters the protective room (7), or air inside the protective room (7) is filtered by the second filter element (621) and discharged outside the protective room (7). Below the second filter element (621) is the second vertical air duct (622), and the bottom opening of the second vertical air duct (622) is set above the opening of the corresponding indoor unit air duct. A second electric air valve (623) is installed at the opening, which can be in a horizontal or vertical position. The second electric air valve (623) is electrically connected to the PLC controller (1), and the PLC controller (1) controls the position of the second electric air valve (623). When the second electric air valve (623) is in the horizontal position, the second vertical air duct (622) is isolated from the corresponding indoor air duct, so that the air inside and outside the protective room (7) cannot flow through the second vertical air duct (622). When the second electric air valve (623) is in the vertical position, the second vertical air duct (622) is connected to the corresponding indoor air duct, and the air inside and outside the protective room (7) can flow through the second vertical air duct (622).

2. The environmental monitoring and control system for laser processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air conditioner is formed by an indoor unit (51) installed in the indoor air duct and an outdoor unit (52) installed above the protective room (7). The indoor unit (51) and the outdoor unit (52) are connected by refrigerant pipes and wires to form a cooling and heating circuit of the air conditioner. The indoor unit (51) includes an expansion valve (511) and an indoor unit converter (512) arranged in the indoor air duct. The outdoor unit (52) includes a compressor (521) and an outdoor unit converter (522). The compressor (521) is electrically connected to a PLC controller (1) and the PLC controller (1) controls the start-up, shutdown, cooling and heating of the compressor (521).

3. The environmental monitoring and control system for laser processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air duct (4) is horizontally suspended below the top plate of the protective room (7) by a suspension rod (41); the bottom of the heating wire air duct is provided with a heating wire fan (54) located below the heating wire (53), the heating wire fan (54) is electrically connected to the PLC controller (1) and the PLC controller (1) controls the start, stop, forward or reverse rotation of the heating wire fan (54); the bottom of the indoor unit air duct is provided with an indoor unit fan (55) located below the indoor unit (51), the indoor unit fan (55) is electrically connected to the PLC controller (1) and the PLC controller (1) controls the start, stop, forward or reverse rotation of the indoor unit fan (55).

4. The environmental monitoring and control system for laser processing equipment according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The environmental monitoring and control system also includes a water chiller. The water chiller, which is located outside the protective room (7), is connected to the laser (3) through a circulating water pipeline. The water chiller is used to regulate the temperature of the heat-generating components in the laser (3) and can keep the working temperature of the heat-generating components in the laser (3) stable.

5. The environmental monitoring and control system for laser processing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the environmental monitoring and control system is used, the relative humidity of the environment inside the protective room (7) will be monitored. RH The control range is divided into multiple relative humidity zones, and the dew point temperature is satisfied in each relative humidity zone. Td When the temperature is below the lower limit of the operating temperature of the optical lens of the laser (3), the dew point temperature is used. Td The calculation formula calculates the corresponding upper limit of temperature control, i.e., the target maximum temperature. Tmax Then, dew point temperature control and PM2.5 mass concentration control are performed before the laser (3) is turned on, during the operation of the laser (3), and before and after the laser (3) is stopped.

6. The environmental monitoring and control system for laser processing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control method for the laser (3) before it is turned on is as follows: A.1 PM2.5 concentration control A.1.1 The PM2.5 mass concentration in the protective room (7) is collected by the environmental signal acquisition unit (2). ρ And feed it back to the PLC controller (1), the PLC controller (1) will transmit the measured PM2.5 mass concentration ρ Compare the PM2.5 concentration with the set value, and perform the following operations based on the comparison results: A.1.1.1 When ρ If the set value is met, the power-on conditions are met, and no adjustment is needed. A.1.1.2 When ρ When the PM2.5 concentration is greater than or equal to the set value, the PM2.5 concentration needs to be adjusted to the set value through the environmental monitoring and control system. ρ <Set value; A.2 Dew point temperature Td control To control PM2.5 concentration at ρ <After the set value is set and the environmental monitoring and control system is reset, the environmental temperature and humidity data in the protective room (7) are collected by the environmental signal acquisition unit (2) to confirm whether the dew point temperature control requirements are met. If not, the environmental temperature and humidity must be adjusted until the requirements are met before the machine can be turned on. Before the machine is turned on, the environmental temperature and humidity in the protective room (7) should meet one of the following two conditions: Condition 1: Ambient temperature Ta Higher than the minimum operating temperature of the laser (3) and lower than the minimum of the optimal operating temperature range of the optical lens of the laser (3); Condition 2: Ambient dew point temperature Td The minimum value of the optimal operating temperature range of the optical lens of the laser (3).

7. The environmental monitoring and control system for laser processing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control method for the operation of the laser (3) is as follows: B.1 Dew Point Temperature Control During the operation of the laser (3), the monitoring and control process of the system is as follows: B.1.1 Ambient humidity data acquisition: The relative humidity inside the protective room (7) is collected through the environmental signal acquisition unit (2). RH And feedback is sent to the PLC controller (1); B.1.2 Comparison of ambient humidity data: The PLC controller (1) compares the measured relative humidity data. RH Compared with the preset actual measurement RH Compare the interval ranges to determine the actual measurement. RH The target maximum temperature is determined based on the segmented interval it is located in. Tmax ; B.1.3 Ambient temperature data acquisition: Ambient temperature is acquired through the environmental signal acquisition unit (2). Ta And feedback is sent to the PLC controller (1); B.1.4 Comparison of ambient temperature data: The PLC controller (1) compares the measured ambient temperature data. Ta With the target maximum temperature Tmax Perform a comparison, and based on the comparison results, select the following operations: B.1.4.1 When Ta ≤ Tmax At this time, there is no need to regulate the ambient temperature and humidity; B.1.4.2 When Ta > Tmax At this time, the ambient temperature and humidity need to be adjusted to meet the operating conditions of the laser (3); B.2 PM2.5 concentration control B.2.1 The PM2.5 mass concentration in the protective room (7) is collected by the environmental signal acquisition unit (2). ρ And feed it back to the PLC controller (1), the PLC controller (1) will transmit the measured PM2.5 mass concentration ρ Compare the PM2.5 concentration with the set value, and perform the following operations based on the comparison results: B.2.1.1 When ρ When the set value is less than the operating conditions of the laser (3), no adjustment is required. B.2.1.2 When ρ When the PM2.5 concentration is greater than or equal to the set value, the PM2.5 concentration needs to be adjusted to the set value through the environmental monitoring and control system. ρ <Setting value.

8. The environmental monitoring and control system for laser processing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control method for the laser (3) before and after shutdown is as follows: C.1 Dew Point Temperature Control Before shutting down the laser (3), confirm that the ambient temperature and humidity in the protective room (7) meet the dew point temperature requirements. Td If the control requirements are met, then after the laser (3) is turned off, there is no need to monitor the dew point temperature in the protective room (7). Td When the laser (3) needs to be shut down, the laser (3) should be turned off first, and the chiller should be turned off after a period of time. C.2 PM2.5 Mass Concentration Control After the laser (3) is turned off, the PM2.5 concentration in the protective room (7) should be continuously monitored and controlled.

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