A coal spontaneous combustion simulation system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of coal spontaneous combustion technology, and particularly to a coal spontaneous combustion simulation system. The coal spontaneous combustion simulation system includes a combustion furnace, a thermocouple device, a temperature analysis device, and a fire extinguishing device. The combustion furnace is used to hold the coal and to apply an adjustable temperature to the coal to induce spontaneous combustion. The thermocouple device includes a central unit and surrounding units. The central unit includes multiple thermocouple temperature measuring elements disposed within the coal and distributed along the axial direction of the combustion furnace. The surrounding units include multiple surrounding sub-units disposed within the coal and distributed along the axial direction of the combustion furnace, each sub-unit including multiple thermocouple temperature measuring elements arranged circumferentially around the combustion furnace. The temperature analysis device collects the temperature from each thermocouple temperature measuring element and determines whether to generate a fire extinguishing command based on the temperature collected by each thermocouple temperature measuring element. The fire extinguishing device is used to extinguish the spontaneous combustion of the coal according to the fire extinguishing command. The coal spontaneous combustion simulation system provided by this invention can comprehensively and accurately reflect the overall temperature change process within the combustion furnace.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal spontaneous combustion technology, and in particular to a coal spontaneous combustion simulation system. Background Technology

[0002] Spontaneous combustion of coal is one of the major hazards threatening safe production in coal mines. In my country, fires caused by spontaneous combustion of coal account for more than 90% of all mine fires, posing a significant threat to the health of mine workers and hindering safe and efficient coal mining. Therefore, research on spontaneous combustion of coal is crucial for preventing and controlling mine fires.

[0003] In existing technologies, simulated coal spontaneous combustion monitoring primarily relies on thermocouple temperature detection and thermal imaging temperature detection technologies. Thermocouple temperature detection typically involves inserting a thermocouple at the center of the combustion furnace to measure the temperature inside, reflecting the overall temperature change of the furnace through a single-point temperature change. Thermal imaging temperature detection involves placing an infrared thermal imager or infrared hot-wire probe on top of the combustion furnace and using a communication connection to detect changes in the surface temperature of the coal inside the furnace. However, neither of these methods can comprehensively and accurately reflect the overall temperature change process within the combustion furnace.

[0004] Therefore, to address the above shortcomings, it is necessary to provide a coal spontaneous combustion simulation system that can comprehensively and accurately reflect the overall temperature change process inside the combustion furnace. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a coal spontaneous combustion simulation system that can comprehensively and accurately reflect the overall temperature change process inside the combustion furnace.

[0006] This invention provides a coal spontaneous combustion simulation system, including a combustion furnace, a thermocouple device, a temperature analysis device, and a fire extinguishing device; The combustion furnace is used to hold the coal and to apply an adjustable temperature to the coal to induce spontaneous combustion. The thermocouple device includes a central unit and a surrounding unit. The central unit includes multiple thermocouple temperature measuring elements disposed in the coal body and distributed along the axial direction of the combustion furnace. The surrounding unit includes multiple surrounding sub-units disposed in the coal body and distributed along the axial direction of the combustion furnace. The surrounding sub-units include multiple thermocouple temperature measuring elements disposed along the circumference of the combustion furnace. The temperature analysis device is used to collect the temperature of each thermocouple measuring element and determine whether to generate a fire extinguishing command based on the temperature of each thermocouple measuring element. The fire extinguishing device is used to extinguish spontaneous combustion of coal according to the fire extinguishing command.

[0007] In one possible design, the fire extinguishing command is generated when all the thermocouples in the central unit collect temperatures higher than 150% of the coal's ignition point, and more than 90% of the thermocouples in the surrounding units collect temperatures higher than the coal's ignition point.

[0008] In one possible design, the thermocouple temperature measuring element of the surrounding unit is 1-2 mm away from the inner wall of the combustion furnace.

[0009] In one possible design, a thermal imaging device is also included, which is located on top of the combustion furnace.

[0010] In one possible design, the sidewall of the combustion furnace is provided with a high-temperature resistant glass window, and the coal spontaneous combustion simulation system also includes a laser emitter and a spectral analysis device. The laser emitter performs optical scattering on the surface of the coal body through the glass window to obtain the internal coal body signal, and the spectral analysis device obtains the temperature information and functional group information of the coal body. The functional group information is used to determine the different products formed at different combustion stages of the coal body.

[0011] In one possible design, a temperature field establishment device is also included, which is used to collect data acquired by the thermocouple device, the thermal imaging device and the spectral analysis device, and to establish a simulated temperature field of the coal body based on the acquired data.

[0012] In one possible design, a gas acquisition unit is also included, which comprises a gas sensor, a gas collection device, and a gas analysis device connected in sequence, and the gas acquisition unit is located at the upper furnace opening of the combustion furnace.

[0013] In one possible design, an air intake device is also included, which is connected to the combustion furnace via a retractable, heat-resistant, and pressure-resistant pipeline. The pipeline is equipped with a first numerically controlled valve, and the air intake device is used to release combustion-supporting gas into the combustion furnace.

[0014] In one possible design, the fire extinguishing device includes an inert gas cylinder connected to the combustion furnace via the pipeline, and the inert gas cylinder is equipped with a second digitally controlled valve.

[0015] In one possible design, the fire extinguishing device includes a foam generator, a signal receiver, and a foam nozzle. After receiving the fire extinguishing command, the signal receiver controls the foam generator to generate foam, which is then sprayed into the combustion furnace through the foam nozzle to extinguish the fire.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: A thermocouple device is installed within the coal seam to collect its temperature. This device includes a central unit with thermocouple sensors spaced along the combustion furnace axis, comprehensively capturing the temperature at the center of the coal seam. The device also includes a perimeter unit, comprising multiple sub-units distributed along the combustion furnace axis. Each sub-unit includes multiple thermocouple sensors spaced circumferentially around the coal seam, ensuring comprehensive temperature acquisition around the perimeter. By receiving temperatures from the thermocouple sensors in the central and perimeter units, the temperature analysis device comprehensively obtains the coal seam temperature. This device analyzes the entire coal seam temperature in real-time and accurately, enabling comprehensive and accurate monitoring of temperature changes from spontaneous combustion to extinguishing. The combustion furnace, capable of applying different temperatures, releases heat energy to the coal seam to control its spontaneous combustion. The temperature analysis device comprehensively and accurately acquires the overall coal seam temperature. When the coal seam temperature reaches the extinguishing condition, the device generates an extinguishing command, which the extinguishing device uses to extinguish the spontaneous combustion. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a coal spontaneous combustion simulation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a thermocouple device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a hollowed-out chassis provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] In the picture: 1. Air intake device; 2. Inert gas cylinder; 3. First CNC valve; 4. Second CNC valve; 5. Pipelines; 6. Foam generator; 7. Signal receiver; 8. Foam nozzle; 9. Thermal imaging device; 10. Smoke exhaust fan; 11. Gas sensor; 12. Gas collection device; 13. Gas analysis apparatus; 14. Combustion furnace; 15. Thermal insulation asbestos; 16. Hollowed-out base; 17. Movable pulleys; 18. Thermocouple apparatus; 19. Glass window; 20. Laser emitter; 21. Spectroscopic analysis apparatus; 22. Temperature analysis device; 23. Temperature field establishment device; 24. Shaping bracket; 25. Hole. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; unless otherwise specified or stated, the term "multiple" refers to two or more; the terms "connected," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] In this specification, it should be understood that the directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention are used to describe the angles shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, in the context, it should also be understood that when it is mentioned that one element is connected "upper" or "lower" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element "upper" or "lower," or indirectly connected to the other element "upper" or "lower" through an intermediate element.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a coal spontaneous combustion simulation system, including a combustion furnace 14, a thermocouple device 18, a temperature analysis device 22, and a fire extinguishing device; The combustion furnace 14 is used to hold the coal and to apply an adjustable temperature to the coal so that it can spontaneously combust. The thermocouple device 18 includes a central unit and a surrounding unit. The central unit includes multiple thermocouple temperature measuring elements disposed in the coal body and distributed along the axial direction of the combustion furnace 14. The surrounding unit includes multiple surrounding sub-units disposed in the coal body and distributed along the axial direction of the combustion furnace 14. The surrounding sub-units include multiple thermocouple temperature measuring elements disposed around the circumference of the combustion furnace 14. The temperature analysis device 22 is used to collect the temperature collected by each thermocouple measuring element and determine whether to generate a fire extinguishing command based on the temperature collected by each thermocouple measuring element. Fire extinguishing devices are used to extinguish spontaneous combustion of coal in accordance with fire extinguishing instructions.

[0024] A thermocouple device 18 is installed within the coal body to collect its temperature. The thermocouple device 18 includes a central unit with thermocouple temperature sensors spaced along the axis of the combustion furnace 14, comprehensively collecting the temperature at the center of the coal body. The thermocouple device 18 also includes a surrounding unit, comprising multiple sub-units distributed along the axis of the combustion furnace 14. Each sub-unit includes multiple thermocouple temperature sensors spaced circumferentially around the coal body, thus comprehensively collecting the temperature around the coal body. By receiving the temperatures from the thermocouple temperature sensors in the central and surrounding units, the temperature analysis device 22 can comprehensively acquire the temperature of the coal body. The temperature analysis device 22 analyzes the temperature of the entire coal body in real time and accurately, thereby enabling comprehensive and accurate monitoring of temperature changes in the coal body from spontaneous combustion to extinguishing. The combustion furnace 14, capable of applying different temperatures, can release heat energy to the coal body to control its spontaneous combustion. The temperature analysis device 22 can comprehensively and accurately obtain the overall temperature of the coal body. When the temperature of the coal body reaches the extinguishing condition, the temperature analysis device 22 generates a fire extinguishing command, and the fire extinguishing device extinguishes the spontaneous combustion of the coal body according to the received fire extinguishing command.

[0025] In this embodiment, the thermocouple temperature measuring element is mounted on a ring-shaped and / or longitudinally arranged fixed bracket 24, and the thermocouple temperature measuring element is connected to the temperature analysis device 22 through a heat-resistant transmission line.

[0026] In this embodiment, a flue gas fan 10 is provided at the top of the combustion furnace 14, and a perforated base plate 16 is provided at the bottom. The perforated base plate 16 can disperse the combustion-supporting gas and inert gas introduced into the combustion furnace 14, and can also control the particle size of the upper coal body and the foam residence time by designing the size of the holes 25.

[0027] In this embodiment, the combustion furnace 14 is also equipped with heat-insulating asbestos 15 and movable pulleys 17.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present invention, the fire extinguishing command is generated under the following conditions: the temperature collected by all thermocouples in the central unit is higher than 150% of the ignition point of the coal, and the temperature collected by more than 90% of the thermocouples in the surrounding units is higher than the ignition point of the coal.

[0029] In this embodiment, the coal is considered fully combusted only when the temperatures collected by the thermocouples in the central unit are all higher than 150% of the coal's ignition point, and the temperatures collected by more than 90% of the thermocouples in the surrounding units are higher than the coal's ignition point. Only then can a fire extinguishing command be generated. If the above conditions are not met, the coal is not fully combusted, and the extinguishing command will not be able to obtain data on the full combustion of the coal.

[0030] It should be noted that once the above conditions are met, a fire extinguishing command should be generated immediately to extinguish the fire. If the coal body is not extinguished and continues to burn, the state and temperature of the coal body will not change much, and continuing to burn will only waste energy.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present invention, the thermocouple temperature measuring element of the surrounding unit is 1-2 mm away from the inner wall of the combustion furnace 14.

[0032] In this embodiment, the thermocouple temperature measuring elements of the surrounding units need to be placed as close as possible to the edge of the inner wall of the combustion furnace 14, but not in contact with the inner wall. Therefore, the thermocouple temperature measuring elements are placed 1-2 mm away from the inner wall of the combustion furnace 14.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, a thermal imaging device 9 is also included, which is disposed on the top of the combustion furnace 14.

[0034] In this embodiment, the thermal imaging device 9 installed on top of the combustion furnace 14 can collect the temperature of the coal surface. It can collect the temperature and its changes on the coal surface throughout the entire process from spontaneous combustion to extinguishment.

[0035] It should be noted that when the coal surface is in the foam stage or a large amount of smoke and dust is generated during the fire extinguishing stage, the thermal imaging device 9 can also monitor the temperature of the foam and / or smoke and dust.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, the sidewall of the combustion furnace 14 is provided with a high-temperature resistant glass window 19, and the coal spontaneous combustion simulation system also includes a laser emitter 20 and a spectral analysis device 21. The laser emitter 20 performs optical scattering on the surface of the coal body through the glass window 19 to obtain the internal coal body signal, and the spectral analysis device 21 obtains the temperature information and functional group information of the coal body. The functional group information is used to determine the different products formed at different combustion stages of the coal body.

[0037] In this embodiment, the laser emitter 20 continuously analyzes the changes in multiple parameters of the coal surface activation energy throughout the entire process of heating and cooling via the spectral analysis device 21 through the high-temperature resistant glass window 19. The laser emitter 20 and the spectral analysis device 21 can collect the temperature of the coal body through the glass window 19, and can analyze the changes in substances within the coal body throughout the entire process of heating, spontaneous combustion, and extinction by analyzing functional groups. Specifically, these changes include reactants in the coal body before spontaneous combustion, products at different stages of spontaneous combustion, and products during the extinction process.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present invention, a temperature field establishment device 23 is also included. The temperature field establishment device 23 is used to collect data collected by the thermocouple device 18, the thermal imaging device 9 and the spectral analysis device 21, and to establish a simulated temperature field of the coal body based on the collected data.

[0039] In this embodiment, the temperature field establishment device 23 can establish a temperature field model of the coal body by collecting data from the thermocouple device 18, the thermal imaging device 9 and the spectral analysis device 21, which is beneficial for a comprehensive study of the temperature and composition changes during the entire process of coal spontaneous combustion.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, a gas acquisition unit is also included, which includes a gas sensor 11, a gas collection device 12 and a gas analysis device 13 connected in sequence, and the gas acquisition unit is disposed at the upper furnace opening of the combustion furnace 14.

[0041] In this embodiment, the gas acquisition unit can analyze the composition of the generated gas by collecting the gas discharged from the outlet of the combustion furnace 14, thereby deducing the reactions occurring within the coal. For example, the ratio of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide can be used to analyze factors such as whether the coal combustion is complete and the oxygen content.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present invention, an air intake device 1 is also included. The air intake device 1 is connected to the combustion furnace 14 via a retractable, heat-resistant, and pressure-resistant pipeline 5. The pipeline 5 is equipped with a first numerically controlled valve 3. The air intake device 1 is used to release combustion-supporting gas into the combustion furnace 14.

[0043] In this embodiment, the air intake device 1 and the first CNC valve 3 work together to control the amount of combustion-supporting gas entering the combustion furnace 14, thereby simulating the spontaneous combustion of coal under different oxygen contents. The combustion-supporting gas can be air or oxygen.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, the fire extinguishing device includes an inert gas cylinder 2, which is connected to the combustion furnace 14 via a pipeline 5, and the inert gas cylinder 2 is equipped with a second digitally controlled valve 4.

[0045] In this embodiment, the fire extinguishing device can be an inert gas cylinder 2. By cooperating with the second CNC valve 4, inert gas can be introduced into the combustion furnace 14 to extinguish the spontaneous combustion of coal.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present invention, the fire extinguishing device includes a foam generator 6, a signal receiver 7, and a foam nozzle 8. After receiving a fire extinguishing command, the signal receiver 7 controls the foam generator 6 to generate foam, and the foam is sprayed into the combustion furnace 14 through the foam nozzle 8 to extinguish the fire.

[0047] In this embodiment, the fire extinguishing device may include a foam generator 6, a signal receiver 7, and a foam nozzle 8, which extinguish the fire using foam. The signal receiver 7 can be used to receive fire extinguishing commands to achieve fully automatic fire extinguishing.

[0048] This invention also provides a method for extinguishing a coal spontaneous combustion system: Step 1: Preheated coal is placed in the main body of the combustion furnace 14, the air inlet device 1 is opened, the first numerical control valve 3 is adjusted, and air is introduced from the bottom. The air enters the coal furnace through the hollow bottom plate 16, which intensifies the combustion of coal and raises the temperature inside the combustion furnace 14. The thermocouple device 18, thermal imaging device 9 and laser emitter 20 are started. Step Two: During the temperature rise inside the combustion furnace 14 caused by the combustion air, the thermocouple device 18 continuously collects the temperature changes inside the combustion furnace 14. Combined with the thermal imaging device 9 and the spectral analysis device 21, the data is received and calculated by the program. A simulated temperature field is established through the temperature field establishment device. When the ambient temperature reaches the trigger condition, the generated fire extinguishing command is sent to the temperature signal receiver 7 and / or the second digitally controlled valve 4. Then, according to the experimental design, liquid foam fire extinguishing and / or inert gas fire extinguishing are activated. Specifically, in the foam extinguishing process, when the temperature analysis device 22 determines that the temperature inside the vessel has reached the extinguishing temperature T2 through the temperature field, the first numerical control valve 3 is closed first, and then the foam nozzle sensor 8 is triggered. The foam generator 6 generates foam and evenly spreads it on the surface of the burning coal at a predetermined speed v1. When the temperature analysis device 22 determines that the temperature field temperature is lower than the preset temperature T1, the extinguishing is completed and a extinguishing completion signal is issued.

[0049] Inert gas fire extinguishing procedure: First, close the first CNC valve 3, then trigger the second CNC valve 4 to release inert gas at a preset flow rate v2. When the temperature analysis device 22 determines that the temperature field temperature is lower than the preset temperature T1, the fire extinguishing is completed and a fire extinguishing completion signal is issued.

[0050] It should be noted that since the temperature field establishment device 23 acquires the data from the temperature analysis device 22, the temperature field establishment device 23 can also be used to issue fire extinguishing commands or fire extinguishing completion signals.

[0051] The gas detection system is constantly activated during the fire extinguishing process. The results of the analysis by the gas analysis device 13 ensure the monitoring and control of hazardous gases, and at the same time, the fire prevention and extinguishing effect is evaluated by the changes in the concentration of characteristic gases.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal spontaneous combustion simulation system, characterized in that, It includes a combustion furnace (14), a thermocouple device (18), a temperature analysis device (22), and a fire extinguishing device; The combustion furnace (14) is used to place the coal body and to apply an adjustable temperature to the coal body to make the coal body spontaneously combust; The thermocouple device (18) includes a central unit and a surrounding unit. The central unit includes a plurality of thermocouple temperature measuring elements disposed in the coal body and distributed along the axial direction of the combustion furnace (14). The surrounding unit includes a plurality of surrounding sub-units disposed in the coal body and distributed along the axial direction of the combustion furnace (14). The surrounding sub-units include a plurality of thermocouple temperature measuring elements disposed circumferentially along the combustion furnace (14). The temperature analysis device (22) is used to collect the temperature of each thermocouple measuring element and determine whether to generate a fire extinguishing command based on the temperature of each thermocouple measuring element. The fire extinguishing device is used to extinguish spontaneous combustion of coal according to the fire extinguishing command; The fire extinguishing command is generated under the following conditions: the temperature collected by all the thermocouple temperature measuring elements in the central unit is higher than 150% of the ignition point of the coal, and the temperature collected by more than 90% of the thermocouple temperature measuring elements in the surrounding units is higher than the ignition point of the coal. The thermocouple temperature measuring element of the surrounding unit is 1-2 mm away from the inner wall of the combustion furnace (14).

2. The coal spontaneous combustion simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a thermal imaging device (9), which is disposed on top of the combustion furnace (14).

3. The coal spontaneous combustion simulation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The side wall of the combustion furnace (14) is provided with a high-temperature resistant glass window (19). The coal spontaneous combustion simulation system also includes a laser emitter (20) and a spectral analysis device (21). The laser emitter (20) performs optical scattering on the surface of the coal body through the glass window (19) to obtain the internal coal body signal. The spectral analysis device (21) obtains the temperature information and functional group information of the coal body. The functional group information is used to determine the different products formed in different combustion stages of the coal body.

4. The coal spontaneous combustion simulation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a temperature field establishment device (23), which is used to collect data collected by the thermocouple device (18), the thermal imaging device (9) and the spectral analysis device (21), and establish a simulated temperature field of the coal body based on the collected data.

5. The coal spontaneous combustion simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a gas acquisition unit, which includes a gas sensor (11), a gas collection device (12) and a gas analysis device (13) connected in sequence. The gas acquisition unit is located at the upper furnace opening of the combustion furnace (14).

6. The coal spontaneous combustion simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an air intake device (1), which is connected to the combustion furnace (14) via a retractable heat-resistant and pressure-resistant pipeline (5). The pipeline (5) is equipped with a first numerically controlled valve (3). The air intake device (1) is used to release combustion-supporting gas into the combustion furnace (14).

7. The coal spontaneous combustion simulation system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing device includes an inert gas cylinder (2), which is connected to the combustion furnace (14) via the pipeline (5). The inert gas cylinder (2) is equipped with a second numerically controlled valve (4).

8. The coal spontaneous combustion simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing device includes a foam generator (6), a signal receiver (7), and a foam nozzle (8). After receiving the fire extinguishing command, the signal receiver (7) controls the foam generator (6) to generate foam, which is then sprayed into the combustion furnace (14) through the foam nozzle (8) to extinguish the fire.

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