Liquid crystal display and display device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of liquid crystal display, and discloses a liquid crystal display and a display device. The liquid crystal display comprises a liquid crystal box, a backlight source, a collimating layer, an adjusting layer and a driving mechanism. The collimating layer is arranged between the liquid crystal box and the backlight source, the collimating layer is provided with a light shielding area and a plurality of light transmission areas defined by the light shielding area; the adjusting layer is arranged between the collimating layer and the liquid crystal box, the adjusting layer is provided with a plurality of diffuse reflection units; the driving mechanism is connected with the adjusting layer and is used for driving the adjusting layer to move, so that the diffuse reflection units on the adjusting layer are located in the light transmission areas or the light shielding area on the collimating layer. Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme can effectively reduce the difficulty and cost of the peep-proof control of the liquid crystal display.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of liquid crystal display technology, and in particular to a liquid crystal display and display device. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of display technology, the viewing angle of display panels is getting wider and wider, but this also makes the displayed screen easier for others to spy on, causing inconvenience to users. At present, a switchable privacy effect is often achieved by adding PDLC to the backlight and using a privacy film. In actual manufacturing, it is necessary to control the liquid crystal molecules in the PDLC through an electric field to achieve different light diffusion effects, which increases the control difficulty and cost. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the technical problems of high difficulty and high cost in controlling the privacy process of liquid crystal displays, the main purpose of this application is to provide a liquid crystal display and display device that is easy to control and low in cost.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] According to one aspect of this application, a liquid crystal display is provided, including a liquid crystal cell, a backlight, a collimation layer, an adjustment layer, and a driving mechanism;

[0006] The collimation layer is disposed between the liquid crystal cell and the backlight, and the collimation layer is provided with a light-shielding area and a plurality of light-transmitting areas defined by the light-shielding area;

[0007] The adjustment layer is disposed between the collimation layer and the liquid crystal cell, and the adjustment layer is provided with a plurality of diffuse reflection units;

[0008] The driving mechanism is connected to the adjustment layer and is used to drive the adjustment layer to move so that the diffuse reflection unit on the adjustment layer is in the light-transmitting area or the light-blocking area on the collimation layer.

[0009] According to one embodiment of this application, the diffuse reflection unit has a diffuse reflection surface, which is a protruding surface that protrudes relative to the adjustment layer, or a recessed surface that is recessed relative to the adjustment layer.

[0010] According to one embodiment of this application, the diffuse reflection unit includes a plurality of reflective particles, the reflective particles being transparent particles or microlenses, and the plurality of reflective particles being distributed on the diffuse reflection surface.

[0011] According to one embodiment of this application, the adjustment layer includes a substrate, and a plurality of diffuse reflection units are spaced apart on the surface of the substrate, wherein the refractive index of the substrate is equal to the refractive index of the diffuse reflection units.

[0012] According to one embodiment of this application, the substrate is made of a high-transmittance material.

[0013] According to one embodiment of this application, the light-shielding area includes a plurality of first light-shielding portions and a plurality of second light-shielding portions. The plurality of first light-shielding portions are arranged at equal intervals along a first direction, and the plurality of second light-shielding portions are arranged at equal intervals along a second direction, so as to restrict the plurality of light-transmitting areas to be distributed in a rectangular array on the collimation layer.

[0014] According to one embodiment of this application, in the top-view orthographic projection direction, the spacing width between adjacent diffuse reflection units is A, the width of the diffuse reflection unit is B, the width of the light-transmitting area is C, and the width of the light-blocking area is D, wherein: A≥C, D≥B.

[0015] According to one embodiment of this application, it includes: a frame, the collimation layer fixed within the frame, an interval zone between the outer periphery of the adjustment layer and the inner side of the frame, and a driving mechanism disposed between the adjustment layer and the frame to drive the adjustment layer to move relative to the frame within the interval zone.

[0016] According to one embodiment of this application, the driving mechanism includes:

[0017] A magnetic suction element is disposed on the adjustment layer;

[0018] An electromagnetic component, disposed on the frame, is used to attract or release the magnetic component.

[0019] According to one embodiment of this application, the plurality of light-transmitting areas within the collimation layer are arranged in a grating structure.

[0020] According to another aspect of this application, a display device is provided, including the liquid crystal display.

[0021] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the advantages and positive effects of the liquid crystal display and display device of this application are as follows:

[0022] When the driving mechanism drives the adjustment layer to move, the light-transmitting area aligns with the diffuse reflection unit. Light from the backlight passes through the light-transmitting area to the position of the diffuse reflection unit. The light undergoes diffuse reflection in the diffuse reflection unit, spreading outwards and reaching the liquid crystal cell for display, forming a shared state. When the diffuse reflection area is in the light-shielding area, the light passes through the light-transmitting area and reaches the adjustment layer. Since the diffuse reflection unit is not active at this time, the light propagation path does not change. The light reaching the liquid crystal cell is in a privacy state due to the influence of the light-shielding area and the light-transmitting area within the collimation layer. The driving mechanism then switches the liquid crystal display between the privacy state and the shared state. Compared with existing technologies, this design is simple and effectively reduces control difficulty and cost. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a liquid crystal display provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of an adjustment layer in a liquid crystal display provided in this application.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the adjustment layer in a liquid crystal display provided in this application.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of a first embodiment of an adjustment layer in a liquid crystal display provided in this application.

[0029] Figure 5 This application provides a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal display in a privacy mode.

[0030] Figure 6 This is another schematic diagram of a liquid crystal display in a privacy mode, provided as an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a structure in a shared state in a liquid crystal display provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another structure in a shared state in a liquid crystal display provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a collimation layer in a liquid crystal display provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 10 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a collimation layer in a liquid crystal display, viewed from above in the orthographic projection direction.

[0035] Figure 11 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a liquid crystal display in the top-view orthographic projection direction, as provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 12 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment layer in a liquid crystal display in the top-view orthographic projection direction, as provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal display in a privacy-protected state when viewed from above in a top-view orthographic projection direction, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal display in a shared state when viewed from above in a top-view orthographic projection direction, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0039] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of another structure of a liquid crystal display in a shared state when viewed from above in the orthographic projection direction, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0040] Figure 16 This application provides another schematic diagram of a liquid crystal display in a privacy-protected state when viewed from above in a top-view orthographic projection direction;

[0041] Figure 17 This is another schematic diagram of a liquid crystal display in a privacy-protected state when viewed from above in a top-view orthogonal projection direction, provided as an embodiment of this application.

[0042] in,

[0043] 10. LCD cell; 20. Backlight;

[0044] 30. Collimation layer; 31. Shading area; 311. First shading section; 312. Second shading section; 32. Transmitting area;

[0045] 40. Adjustment layer; 41. Diffuse reflection unit; 411. Reflective particles; 42. Light transmission unit; 43. Substrate;

[0046] 50. Drive mechanism; 51. Magnetic suction component; 52. Electromagnetic component; 53. Elastic component;

[0047] 60. First direction; 70. Second direction; 80. Substrate; 90. Frame; 91. Spacer area. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0049] With the continuous development of display technology, the viewing angle of display panels is getting wider and wider, but this also makes the displayed image easier for others to spy on, causing inconvenience to users. Currently, a common method to achieve switchable privacy effects is to add PDLC to the backlight and combine it with a privacy film. In actual manufacturing, it is necessary to control the liquid crystal molecules in the PDLC through an electric field to achieve different light diffusion effects, which increases the control difficulty and cost. Conventional adjustment layers using PDLC material 40 require setting electrodes to form an electric field between two electrodes to adjust the liquid crystal molecules in the PDLC to achieve a switchable privacy effect. The PDLC surface is prone to pitting, and there is a tendency for PDLC and privacy film to adhere to each other, resulting in poor privacy effect. In addition, the high cost of privacy film and PDLC and the complex control structure greatly limit the use of this type of privacy LCD.

[0050] To address the technical problems of high difficulty and high cost in controlling the privacy process of liquid crystal displays in the prior art, according to one aspect of this application, a liquid crystal display is provided, including a liquid crystal cell 10, a backlight 20, a collimation layer 30, an adjustment layer 40, and a driving mechanism 50.

[0051] The collimation layer 30 is disposed between the liquid crystal cell 10 and the backlight 20. The collimation layer 30 is provided with a light-shielding area 31 and a plurality of light-transmitting areas 32 defined by the light-shielding area 31.

[0052] The adjustment layer 40 is disposed between the collimation layer 30 and the liquid crystal cell 10, and the adjustment layer 40 is provided with a plurality of diffuse reflection units 41;

[0053] The driving mechanism 50 is connected to the adjustment layer 40 and is used to drive the adjustment layer 40 to move so that the diffuse reflection unit 41 on the adjustment layer 40 is located in the light-transmitting area 32 or the light-blocking area 31 on the collimation layer 30.

[0054] When the driving mechanism 50 drives the adjustment layer 40 to move, the light-transmitting area 32 aligns with the diffuse reflection unit 41. Light from the backlight 20 is transmitted through the light-transmitting area 32 to the position of the diffuse reflection unit 41. The light undergoes diffuse reflection in the diffuse reflection unit 41, spreading outwards and reaching the liquid crystal cell 10 for display, forming a shared state. When the diffuse reflection area is in the light-shielding area 31, the light passes through the light-transmitting area 32 and is transmitted to the adjustment layer 40. Since the diffuse reflection unit 41 does not function at this time, the propagation path of the light does not change. The light transmitted to the liquid crystal cell 10 is in a privacy state due to the influence of the light-shielding area 31 and the light-transmitting area 32 in the collimation layer 30. Thus, the driving mechanism 50 achieves the switching between the privacy state and the shared state of the liquid crystal display. Compared with the prior art, the structure is simple and effectively reduces the control difficulty and cost.

[0055] Currently, privacy displays achieve switchable privacy effects by adding PDLC backlighting and a privacy film. However, this method suffers from defects such as pitting and adhesion, and is also costly. Another approach is to add an SVC cell with a collimated light source (the privacy effect is poor without collimated light). However, the reverse prism collimated light has problems such as reddish tint at wide viewing angles, and its privacy effect is also poor. If a privacy film is used instead, the cost will increase significantly. Both of these solutions use electronic control to switch between privacy and sharing modes, which increases both cost and power consumption. In addition, the existing solutions can only achieve privacy from one side of the view in a strict sense. In privacy mode, it can only provide privacy in the left and right directions, and has no privacy effect in the up and down directions.

[0056] refer to Figure 1 and Figures 5-8 As shown, as an example, in the privacy mode, the light emitted by the backlight 20 passes through the collimation layer 30, and the light-shielding area 31 absorbs the light, blocking the light from propagating from the light-shielding area 31, so that the light can only be transmitted through the positions of the multiple light-transmitting areas 32 defined by the light-shielding area 31. At this time, the diffuse reflection unit 41 is located at the position of the light-shielding area 31. Therefore, the light does not undergo diffuse reflection and passes directly through the adjustment layer 40. The adjustment layer 40 is a high light-transmitting material, such as PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), and the light is collimated and propagates to the liquid crystal cell 10, so that the liquid crystal cell 10 has a privacy effect when it is displayed to the outside.

[0057] The light-shielding area 31 can be distributed in parallel slits of equal width and interval on the collimation layer 30 so that the liquid crystal cell 10 has a privacy protection effect in the vertical or horizontal direction when displaying.

[0058] The driving mechanism 50 can drive the adjustment layer 40 to move, so that the adjustment layer 40 moves by a set distance, so that the diffuse reflection unit 41 can correspond to the light-transmitting area 32 in the shared state and correspond to the light-shielding area 31 in the privacy state. When the light-shielding areas 31 are distributed in parallel slits of equal width and equal intervals on the collimation layer 30, the driving mechanism 50 can drive the adjustment layer 40 to move the interval width of adjacent light-shielding areas 31, so as to facilitate the adjustment and control of the position of the diffuse reflection unit 41, further simplify the control cost, and reduce the manufacturing cost in actual use.

[0059] As an example, the smaller the difference in refractive index between the adjustment layer 40 and the collimation layer 30, the more intact the light remains during propagation, propagating as collimated light or undergoing diffuse reflection through the diffuse reflection unit 41 at a set angle, so as to facilitate the control of the privacy angle and the shared orientation after diffuse reflection.

[0060] As an example, the drive mechanism 50 includes an electric actuator, one end of which is connected to the adjustment layer 40. The extension and retraction of the electric actuator are controlled by the system to move the adjustment layer 40 relative to the collimation layer 30, thereby adjusting the position of the diffuse reflection unit 41 between the light-shielding area 31 and the light-transmitting area 32, so as to realize the switching of the liquid crystal display between the privacy mode and the sharing mode.

[0061] According to one embodiment of this application, the diffuse reflection unit 41 has a diffuse reflection surface, which is a protruding surface that protrudes relative to the adjustment layer 40, or a recessed surface that is concave relative to the adjustment layer 40.

[0062] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, as an example, the diffuse reflection unit 41 can be configured as a protruding structure relative to the adjustment layer 40, and the diffuse reflection surface is the protruding surface outside the protruding structure. The diffuse reflection unit 41 can be formed by roughening the surface of the adjustment layer 40 or by coating with optical ink. When light passes through the light-transmitting area 32 and the diffuse reflection unit 41, diffuse reflection is generated so that the light can propagate to the area of ​​the liquid crystal cell 10 corresponding to the light-shielding area 31, so as to realize the shared state of the liquid crystal display.

[0063] According to one embodiment of this application, the plurality of light-transmitting areas 32 within the collimation layer 30 are arranged in a grating structure. As an example, the grating structure is such that the light-blocking area 31 restricts the light-transmitting areas 32 to be equally spaced, equally wide, and parallel light-transmitting slits, so as to facilitate the driving mechanism in processing the position of the adjustment layer 40 and improve the accuracy of position control of the diffuse reflection unit 41.

[0064] As an example, the diffuse reflection unit 41 can be configured as a recessed structure relative to the adjustment layer 40, and the diffuse reflection surface is the outer side of the recessed structure. The diffuse reflection unit 41 can be roughened on the surface of the adjustment layer 40 so that diffuse reflection is generated after light passes through the light-transmitting area 32 and the diffuse reflection unit 41, so that the light can propagate to the area of ​​the liquid crystal cell 10 corresponding to the light-shielding area 31, thereby realizing the shared state of the liquid crystal display.

[0065] Furthermore, while existing methods using PDLC with a privacy film to add backlighting can achieve a switchable privacy effect, the liquid crystal cell 10 suffers from pitting during manufacturing, and there is a problem of adhesion between the PDLC and the liquid crystal cell 10 mating surface, which is also costly. In this application, diffuse reflection units 41 are provided on the surface of the adjustment layer 40, such as raised or recessed diffuse reflection units 41. The diffuse reflection units 41 face the side of the liquid crystal cell 10, which can effectively reduce the adhesion between the adjustment layer 40 and the liquid crystal cell 10, thereby improving the overall display effect of the liquid crystal display. The spacing between multiple diffuse reflection units 41 forms a certain space that can accommodate small foreign objects during the manufacturing process, thereby preventing foreign objects from affecting the structural distribution of the adjustment layer 40, thus avoiding pitting defects caused by foreign objects, improving the yield rate of the liquid crystal display, and saving manufacturing costs.

[0066] As an example, refer to Figures 1-8 As shown, the diffuse reflection unit 41 can be configured as a protruding structure that gradually shrinks from the adjustment layer 40 toward the liquid crystal cell 10, or the diffuse reflection unit 41 can be configured as a recessed structure that gradually shrinks from the adjustment layer 40 toward the backlight 20, so as to improve the diffuse reflection effect of light with the gradually shrinking diffuse reflection surface.

[0067] According to one embodiment of this application, the diffuse reflection unit 41 includes a plurality of reflective particles 411, the reflective particles 411 being transparent particles or microlenses, and the plurality of reflective particles 411 being distributed on the diffuse reflection surface.

[0068] refer to Figure 4 As shown, the reflective particles 411 can be configured as transparent particles or microlenses to enhance the diffuse reflection effect of the diffuse reflection surface, thereby providing the slow reflection effect of the diffuse reflection unit 41. As an example, the reflective particles can be configured as transparent ink.

[0069] According to one embodiment of this application, the adjustment layer 40 includes a substrate 43, and a plurality of diffuse reflection units 41 are spaced apart on the surface of the substrate 43. The refractive index of the substrate 43 is equal to the refractive index of the diffuse reflection units 41. As an example, the refractive indices of the substrate 43 and the diffuse reflection units 41 can be approximately equal, or the difference between the refractive indices of the substrate 43 and the diffuse reflection units 41 can be less than 0.1. Light maintains its integrity during propagation, propagating as collimated light or undergoing diffuse reflection at a set angle through the diffuse reflection units 41, thus facilitating control of the privacy angle and the shared orientation after diffuse reflection. Furthermore, it can effectively prevent total internal reflection of light at large angles between the adjustment layer and the diffuse reflection surface due to inconsistent refractive indices. Preferably, the adjustment layer and the diffuse reflection units can be made of the same material.

[0070] The adjustment layer 40 includes light-transmitting units 42, which are disposed between adjacent diffuse reflection units 41, for reference. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in the privacy mode, collimated light is formed between the light-transmitting unit 42 and the light-transmitting area 32, and the light-transmitting unit 42 corresponds to the light-transmitting area 32 to improve the privacy effect of the liquid crystal display.

[0071] refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in the shared state, the diffuse reflection unit 41 moves to the position corresponding to the light-transmitting area 32, thereby improving the diffuse reflection effect of the adjustment layer 40.

[0072] refer to Figure 14 As shown, in the shared state, the light-transmitting unit 42 and multiple diffuse reflection units 41 can all correspond to the light-transmitting area 32. The multiple diffuse reflection units 41 are spaced apart and positioned close to the light-shielding area 31 so that the light can better cover the light-shielding area 31 and the liquid crystal cell 10 after being diffusely reflected by the diffuse reflection units 41.

[0073] According to one embodiment of this application, the substrate 43 is made of a high-transmittance material. The substrate 43 has a certain thickness, and the transmittance of the high-transmittance material is greater than 85%. The high-transmittance material can be PC or PMMA, and the thickness of the substrate 43 is set to be greater than 300 μm, which can further improve the collimation of light propagation within the substrate 43. This eliminates the need for PDLC materials and complex control of liquid crystal molecules within the material using electrodes and electric fields, effectively reducing control costs, simplifying the process of switching between privacy and shared states, and lowering manufacturing costs.

[0074] According to one embodiment of this application, the light-shielding area 31 includes a plurality of first light-shielding portions 311 and a plurality of second light-shielding portions 312. The plurality of first light-shielding portions 311 are equally spaced along a first direction 60, and the plurality of second light-shielding portions 312 are equally spaced along a second direction 70, so as to restrict the plurality of light-transmitting areas 32 to be distributed in a rectangular array on the collimation layer 30.

[0075] refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the first direction 60 and the second direction 70 can be set at an angle. For example, the first direction 60 and the second direction 70 are perpendicular to each other. The first light-shielding part 311 extends along the second direction 70, and the second light-shielding part 312 extends along the first direction 60. When the first light-shielding parts 311 are set at equal intervals and equal widths along the first direction 60, in the privacy state, the first light-shielding parts 311 can effectively prevent privacy in the direction of the liquid crystal cell 10 corresponding to the first direction 60. For example, if the first direction 60 is the direction of the left and right sides of the liquid crystal cell 10, the first light-shielding parts 311 can prevent privacy in the viewing angles of the left and right sides of the liquid crystal display.

[0076] Meanwhile, the second light-shielding parts 312 can be equally spaced and equally wide along the second direction 70. Thus, in the privacy mode, the second light-shielding parts 312 can effectively prevent privacy in the direction of the liquid crystal cell 10 corresponding to the second direction 70. For example, if the second direction 70 is the direction of the upper and lower sides of the liquid crystal cell 10, the second light-shielding parts 312 can prevent privacy in the upper and lower sides of the liquid crystal display. Furthermore, the first light-shielding part 311 and the second light-shielding part 312 absorb light from the upper, lower, left, and right sides. In the prior art, the privacy layer is a venetian blind structure, which can only achieve privacy in the left and right sides. However, in the privacy mode, light passes through the privacy layer and forms collimated light. Since the microstructure corresponds exactly to the black matrix, the collimated light is not affected, thus achieving the privacy mode.

[0077] The first light-shielding part 311 and the second light-shielding part 312 restrict multiple light-transmitting areas 32 to be distributed in a rectangular array on the adjustment layer 40. In the privacy-proof state, in the top-view orthographic projection direction, reference Figure 13 As shown, the driving mechanism 50 drives multiple diffuse reflection units 41 to be positioned on the first light-shielding part 311 and the second light-shielding part 312 respectively. In the shared state, the driving mechanism 50 drives multiple diffuse reflection units 41 to move to multiple light-transmitting areas 32, so that the light emitted by the backlight 20 can cover the liquid crystal cell 10 area corresponding to the first light-shielding part 311 and the second light-shielding part 312 after diffuse reflection by multiple diffuse reflection units 41, thereby achieving a wide viewing angle sharing. Preferably, refer to Figure 14As shown, in the shared state, the adjustment layer 40 can be moved by the driving mechanism 50, so that the multiple diffuse reflection units 41 are positioned close to the light-shielding area 31. This allows the light to better cover the light-shielding area 31 and the liquid crystal cell 10 after diffuse reflection by the diffuse reflection units 41. As an example, the liquid crystal display has a rectangular structure, and the adjustment layer 40, liquid crystal cell 10, and collimation layer 30 are all rectangular structures. The driving mechanism 50 can move the adjustment layer 40 from the diagonal direction. (Refer to...) Figure 14 As shown, the multiple diffuse reflection units 41 are positioned in the light-transmitting area 32 or the blocking area, so that after the adjustment layer 40 moves to a small position, the diffuse reflection unit 41 is positioned in the first transmission area and close to the boundary of the light-blocking area 31, so as to better achieve the sharing effect.

[0078] According to one embodiment of this application, in the top-view orthographic projection direction, the spacing width between adjacent diffuse reflection units 41 is A, the width of the diffuse reflection unit 41 is B, the width of the light-transmitting area 32 is C, and the width of the light-blocking area 31 is D, wherein: A≥C, D≥B. (Reference) Figures 1-10 As shown, the diffuse reflection unit 41 can move to the area corresponding to the light-transmitting area 32 in the shared state, while in the privacy state, the diffuse reflection unit 41 can be completely in the light-blocking area 31, and the diffuse reflection unit 41 does not affect the collimated light, thus improving the privacy effect.

[0079] According to one embodiment of this application, it includes:

[0080] A frame 90 is provided, within which the substrate 80 is fixed. A gap 91 is provided between the outer periphery of the adjustment layer 40 and the inner side of the frame 90. A driving mechanism 50 is disposed between the substrate 80 and the frame 90, driving the adjustment layer 40 to move relative to the frame 90 within the gap 91. (Reference) Figures 11-17 As shown, the collimation layer 30 has a substrate 80 with a set thickness. For example, the thickness of the collimation layer 30 is greater than 300 μm to improve the collimation during light propagation.

[0081] The interval 91 is the active area of ​​the adjustment layer 40, providing sufficient space for the drive mechanism 50 to move the diffuse reflection unit 41 between the light-transmitting area 32 and the light-shielding area 31. The area of ​​the interval 91 and the width of the frame 90 and the outer periphery of the adjustment layer 40 under top-view orthographic projection can be adjusted according to actual use and product structure to meet actual use requirements. This application will not elaborate further on this.

[0082] According to one embodiment of this application, the drive mechanism 50 includes:

[0083] Magnetic suction element 51 is disposed on the adjustment layer 40;

[0084] Electromagnetic component 52 is disposed on the frame 90 and is used to attract or release the magnetic component.

[0085] The magnetic attractor 51 can be a metal block, a magnet, etc., and the electromagnetic component 52 can be an electromagnet. The electromagnetic component 52 is connected to an external power source. When the electromagnetic component 52 is energized, it generates a magnetic attraction force that attracts or repels the magnetic attractor 51, thereby driving the adjustment layer 40 to move closer to the frame 90 or further away from the frame 90.

[0086] As an example, a fixing area is provided in the adjustment layer 40 for fixing the magnetic suction member 51. Multiple driving mechanisms 50 can be provided, and the multiple driving mechanisms 50 are respectively provided on the periphery of the adjustment layer 40 to facilitate the adjustment of the position of the adjustment layer 40 and improve the convenience and flexibility of use.

[0087] As an example, the fixing area is set at two opposite diagonal positions of the adjustment layer 40, and a chamfer is provided at one diagonal position of the adjustment layer 40. The electromagnetic component 52 is correspondingly set at the diagonal position of the frame 90. On the one hand, the stability of the adjustment layer 40 during movement can be improved by the chamfered fixing area, and the chamfer can help position the adjustment layer 40, which can effectively increase the bearing surface.

[0088] On the other hand, the liquid crystal display can be made into a rectangular structure, with the adjustment layer 40, liquid crystal cell 10, and collimation layer 30 all being rectangular structures. This allows the driving mechanism 50 to move the adjustment layer 40 from its diagonal direction. (Reference) Figure 14 As shown, the multiple diffuse reflection units 41 are positioned in the light-transmitting area 32 or the blocking area, so that after the adjustment layer 40 moves to a small position, the diffuse reflection unit 41 is positioned in the first transmission area and close to the boundary of the light-blocking area 31, so as to better achieve the sharing effect.

[0089] As an example, the open cell (equivalent to the liquid crystal cell 10) is a conventional liquid crystal display layer, mainly used for image display.

[0090] The microstructured optical layer (equivalent to adjustment layer 40) has a substrate 43 that can be a high-transmittance material, such as PC or PMMA, with a micro-optical structure (equivalent to diffuse reflection unit 41) on one side. (See reference...) Figure 2-3As shown, the surface of the micro-optical structure needs to be roughened or coated with optical ink to increase its diffuse reflection. The diffuse reflection unit 41 contains reflective particles 411 (brushed with optical ink), and the optical path reference of the reflective particles 411 is... Figure 4 As shown, in the top-view orthographic projection direction, the spacing width between the diffuse reflection units 41 is A, and the width of the diffuse reflection unit 41 is B. The substrate 43 of the adjustment layer 40 is made of PMMA, with a refractive index of 1.59. To maintain integrity, the refractive index of the diffuse reflection units 41 is the same as that of the substrate 43. The substrate 43 and the diffuse reflection units 41 can be formed by UV curing. The adjustment layer 40 is rectangular, and each diagonal position of the adjustment layer 40 is chamfered to form a chamfered surface. Two metal elements are embedded in each of the two opposite chamfered surfaces. Electromagnets are placed at corresponding positions on the frame (equivalent to frame 90). (Refer to...) Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown.

[0091] Collimation layer 30 can be made of high-transmittance materials, such as PET, etc. (See reference) Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, in order to ensure the collimation of light, the collimation layer 30 needs to have a certain thickness, which is greater than 300 μm. In the top-view orthographic projection direction, the width of the light-transmitting area 32 is C, which is between 40-60 μm, and the width of the light-blocking area 31 is D, which is about 10 μm, where A≥C and D≥B.

[0092] It should be noted that the light source in the LCD is a conventional backlight 20, which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0093] Working principle:

[0094] Shared state: Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, one of the electromagnets (equivalent to electromagnetic component 52) ​​on the frame is energized (for example, the lower left corner), generating magnetism and attracting the metal (equivalent to magnetic component 51) at the corresponding position on the adjustment layer 40, thus achieving a position change. At the same time, the elastic component 53 is disposed in the interval area 91, with one end abutting against the frame 90 and the other end abutting against the adjustment layer 40, playing an auxiliary fixing role. The light from the backlight 20 becomes collimated light after passing through the collimation layer 30. The diffuse reflection unit 41 on the adjustment layer 40 is just aligned with the light-transmitting area 32 of the collimation layer 30. The diffuse reflection unit 41 disrupts the collimated light, thereby achieving a sharing effect.

[0095] Privacy protection: Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the electromagnet at the lower left corner of the frame is de-energized, losing its magnetism, while the electromagnet at the upper right corner is energized, generating magnetism and attracting the metal at the corresponding position on the adjustment layer 40, thus achieving a positional change. This, along with the elastic element 53, provides auxiliary fixation. The light from the backlight 20 becomes collimated light after passing through the collimation layer 30. The diffuse reflection unit 41 is aligned with the light-shielding area 31 of the collimation layer 30. The diffuse reflection unit 41 does not diffuse the light; the collimated light passes directly through the substrate 43 of the adjustment layer 40 unaffected and continues to propagate as collimated light, thereby achieving the privacy protection effect.

[0096] The above methods of position change are not the only ones; other methods include:

[0097] Option 2: Reference Figures 15-16 As shown, in the privacy mode, the electromagnet is de-energized. The adjustment layer 40 is fixed by the spring sheet (equivalent to the elastic element 53) and the positioning post of the plastic frame. The plastic frame electromagnet conducts electricity and generates magnetism, attracting the metal at the corresponding position on the microstructure optical layer to achieve position change. At the same time, it plays an auxiliary fixing role and realizes the sharing mode switching.

[0098] Option 3: Reference Figure 17 As shown, in the privacy mode, the adjustment layer 40 cooperates with the frame under the action of the spring sheet and forms a positioning. The elastic element 53 includes a spring post and a spring sheet. The spring post is embedded in the frame. When the spring post protrudes outward, it will press against the adjustment layer 40 and cooperate with the spring sheet to form a positioning, realizing the switching between the shared mode and the privacy mode.

[0099] According to another aspect of this application, a display device is provided, including the liquid crystal display.

[0100] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0101] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A liquid crystal display, characterized in that, Includes a liquid crystal cell (10), a backlight (20), a collimation layer (30), and a conditioning layer. and drive mechanism (50); The collimation layer (30) is disposed between the liquid crystal cell (10) and the backlight (20), and the collimation layer (30) is provided with a light-shielding area (31) and a plurality of light-transmitting areas (32) defined by the light-shielding area (31); The adjustment layer (40) is disposed between the collimation layer (30) and the liquid crystal cell (10), and the adjustment layer (40) is provided with a plurality of diffuse reflection units (41); The driving mechanism (50) is connected to the adjustment layer (40) and is used to drive the adjustment layer (40) to move so that the diffuse reflection unit (41) on the adjustment layer (40) is located in the light-transmitting area (32) or the light-blocking area (31) on the collimation layer (30); The diffuse reflection unit can be configured as a protruding structure that gradually shrinks from the adjustment layer toward the liquid crystal cell, or the diffuse reflection unit can be configured as a recessed structure that gradually shrinks from the adjustment layer toward the backlight. The light-shielding area (31) includes a plurality of first light-shielding parts (311) and a plurality of second light-shielding parts (312). The plurality of first light-shielding parts (311) are equally spaced along a first direction (60), and the plurality of second light-shielding parts (312) are equally spaced along a second direction (70) to restrict the plurality of light-transmitting areas (32) to be distributed in a rectangular array on the collimation layer (30). The adjustment layer (40) includes a substrate (43), and a plurality of diffuse reflection units (41) are spaced apart on the surface of the substrate (43). The difference between the refractive index of the substrate (43) and the refractive index of the diffuse reflection unit (41) is less than 0.

1.

2. The liquid crystal display as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The diffuse reflection unit (41) has a diffuse reflection surface, which is a protruding surface that protrudes relative to the adjustment layer (40), or a recessed surface that is concave relative to the adjustment layer (40).

3. The liquid crystal display as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The diffuse reflection unit (41) includes a plurality of reflective particles (411), which are transparent particles or microlenses, and the plurality of reflective particles (411) are distributed on the diffuse reflection surface.

4. The liquid crystal display as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The refractive index of the substrate (43) is equal to that of the diffuse reflection unit (41).

5. The liquid crystal display as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The substrate (43) is made of a high light transmittance material.

6. The liquid crystal display as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, In the top-view orthographic projection direction, the spacing width between adjacent diffuse reflection units (41) is A, the width of the diffuse reflection unit (41) is B, the width of the light-transmitting area (32) is C, and the width of the light-blocking area (31) is D, where: A≥C, D≥B.

7. The liquid crystal display according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The system includes a frame (90), a collimation layer (30) fixed inside the frame (90), an interval (91) between the outer periphery of the adjustment layer (40) and the inner side of the frame (90), and a drive mechanism (50) disposed between the adjustment layer (40) and the frame (90) to drive the adjustment layer (40) to move relative to the frame (90) within the interval (91).

8. The liquid crystal display as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The driving mechanism (50) includes a magnetic suction element (51) disposed on the adjustment layer (40); An electromagnetic component (52) is disposed on the frame (90) for attracting or releasing the magnetic component (51).

9. The liquid crystal display according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The multiple light-transmitting areas (32) within the collimation layer (30) have a grating structure.

10. A display device, characterized in that, The liquid crystal display includes the liquid crystal display according to any one of claims 1-9.

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