float

Abstract

The float comprises: a tank capable of selectively storing liquefied carbon dioxide and liquefied gases other than liquefied carbon dioxide; a first safety valve for releasing gas from the tank to the outside by activating a first pilot valve; a first pressure inlet line for transmitting the pressure from the tank to the first pilot valve; a second safety valve for discharging gas from the tank to the outside by activating the second pilot valve; a vertical ventilation pipe, separately configured from the second safety valve, for discharging gas to the outside; a connecting pipe for guiding gas from the second safety valve to the vertical ventilation pipe; a second pressure inlet line for transmitting the pressure from the tank to the second pilot valve; and a switching valve for selectively switching the destination of the pressure transmission from the tank between the first pilot valve and the second pilot valve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a buoyancy body.

[0002] This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2020-188463, filed on November 12, 2020, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Background Technology

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses structures for using the tanks of existing gas transport vessels for both the transport of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and liquefied carbon dioxide, and structures for using the tanks of existing gas transport vessels for both the transport of liquefied ammonia and liquefied carbon dioxide.

[0004] Previous technical documents

[0005] Patent documents

[0006] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2004-125039 Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the invention

[0008] The tank with the structure described above is equipped with a safety valve, which is used to release the pressure inside the tank to the outside of the tank if the pressure inside the tank exceeds the design pressure.

[0009] When flammable liquefied gases such as liquefied petroleum gas are stored in tanks, a safety valve is connected to a vertical ventilation duct via piping. When the safety valve is opened to release the liquefied gas from the tank, the liquefied gas is not released directly into the atmosphere from the valve's outlet. Instead, it is guided from the safety valve through the piping to the vertical ventilation duct. The liquefied gas is then released into the atmosphere from the outlet of the vertical ventilation duct, which is located at a high position.

[0010] On the other hand, when the tank contains liquefied carbon dioxide, opening the safety valve releases the vaporized carbon dioxide outside the tank. Outside the tank is atmospheric pressure, causing a pressure drop in the carbon dioxide. This pressure drop can cause the carbon dioxide to condense and potentially form dry ice. If a pipe leading to a vertical ventilation duct is connected to the outlet of the safety valve, the pipe may become clogged with the generated dry ice.

[0011] That is, when using a tank that can select either liquefied carbon dioxide or liquefied gases other than liquefied carbon dioxide as containers, the following operations are required: install safety valves for liquefied carbon dioxide and safety valves for liquefied gases respectively, and switch the release destination according to the container.

[0012] However, if the wrong destination for the container is released, it may cause problems such as blockage in the piping. Therefore, close attention is required when changing the destination for the container release, as it may increase the workload of the operator.

[0013] The present invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its object is to provide a float that can easily and safely switch the release destination of the tank contents released from the safety valve.

[0014] means for solving technical problems

[0015] To address the aforementioned issues, the float of the present invention comprises a float body, a tank, a first safety valve, a first pressure inlet pipe, a second safety valve, a vertical ventilation pipe, a connecting pipe, a second pressure inlet pipe, and a switching valve. The tank is disposed on the float body. The tank is capable of selectively storing liquefied carbon dioxide and liquefied gases other than liquefied carbon dioxide. The first safety valve includes a first pilot valve that operates when the pressure inside the tank reaches a predetermined set pressure. The first safety valve releases the gas inside the tank to the outside by activating the first pilot valve. The first pressure inlet pipe transmits the pressure inside the tank to the first pilot valve. The second safety valve includes a second pilot valve that operates when the pressure inside the tank reaches a predetermined set pressure. The second safety valve delivers the gas inside the tank to the outside by activating the second pilot valve. The vertical ventilation pipe is separately disposed from the second safety valve. The vertical ventilation pipe releases the gas to the outside. The connecting pipe connects the second safety valve and the vertical ventilation pipe. The connecting pipe guides the gas delivered from the second safety valve to the vertical ventilation pipe. The second pressure inlet line transmits the pressure inside the tank to the second pilot valve. The switching valve selectively switches the destination of the pressure transmission from the tank between the first pilot valve and the second pilot valve.

[0016] The float of this invention comprises a float body, a tank, a safety valve, a vertical ventilation pipe, and a connecting pipe. The tank is disposed on the float body. The tank can selectively store liquefied carbon dioxide and liquefied gases other than liquefied carbon dioxide. When the pressure inside the tank reaches a predetermined set pressure, the safety valve releases the gas inside the tank to the outside. The vertical ventilation pipe is disposed separately from the safety valve. The vertical ventilation pipe releases the gas to the outside. The connecting pipe connects the safety valve and the vertical ventilation pipe. The connecting pipe comprises a loading / unloading pipe and a connecting pipe body. The loading / unloading pipe constitutes a part of the connecting pipe in the direction in which the connecting pipe extends. The connecting pipe body constitutes the remaining part of the connecting pipe. The loading / unloading pipe is configured to be detachable relative to the connecting pipe body.

[0017] Invention Effects

[0018] According to the float of the present invention, the release destination of the tank contents released from the safety valve can be easily and safely switched. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a plan view showing the schematic structure of a ship that is a floating body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the tank and safety valve system installed on a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is along... Figure 1 A sectional view cut by arrow II-II.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view showing the schematic structure of the first safety valve and the second safety valve of the safety valve system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the state of storing liquefied carbon dioxide in a tank within the safety valve system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the state of liquefied gas stored in a tank within the safety valve system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the state of storing liquefied gas in a tank in a safety valve system according to a variation of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the state of storing liquefied carbon dioxide in a tank in a safety valve system according to a variation of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the state of storing liquefied gas in a tank within a safety valve system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a diagram showing the state of storing liquefied carbon dioxide in a tank within a safety valve system according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] <First Implementation>

[0029] The following is for reference. Figures 1-9 The buoy involved in the embodiments of the present invention will be described.

[0030] (Ship structure)

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the vessel 1A, which serves as the float, has at least a hull 2, which serves as the main body of the float, and a tank equipment 10.

[0032] (Structure of the ship's hull)

[0033] The hull 2 ​​has a pair of side panels 3A and 3B, a bottom (not shown), and an upper deck 5 that constitute its outer shell. Side panels 3A and 3B have a pair of side platings forming the port and starboard sides, respectively. The bottom (not shown) has a bottom plating connecting these side panels 3A and 3B. Through these side panels 3A and 3B and the bottom (not shown), the outer shell of the hull 2 ​​forms a U-shape in a cross section orthogonal to the bow-stern direction Da. In this embodiment, the upper deck 5 is an exposed, full-length deck. In the hull 2, a superstructure 7 with a living area is formed on the upper deck 5 on the stern 2b side. Furthermore, the location of the superstructure 7 is only one example; for example, it could also be located on the bow 2a side of the hull 2.

[0034] A cargo-carrying section (cargo hold) 8 is formed within the hull 2.

[0035] A vertical ventilation pipe 9, described later, is installed on the upper deck 5 of the hull 2. Alternatively, the vertical ventilation pipe 9 can be configured as one example, or multiple safety valve connection pipes of tanks 11 can be connected to a single vertical ventilation pipe 9.

[0036] (Structure of tank equipment)

[0037] Multiple tank equipment 10s are arranged along the bow-stern direction Da within the cargo loading section 8. In this embodiment, two tank equipment 10s are arranged at intervals along the bow-stern direction Da.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, the tank equipment 10 includes at least a tank 11, a loading piping 13, an unloading piping 14, and a safety valve system 20A.

[0039] In this embodiment, the tank 11 is disposed on the hull 2. The tank 11 is, for example, a cylindrical shape extending in the horizontal direction. In addition, the tank 11 is not limited to a cylindrical shape; the tank 11 can also be spherical, square, etc.

[0040] Tank 11 is capable of selectively storing liquefied carbon dioxide L1 and liquefied gas L2 other than liquefied carbon dioxide L1. Examples of liquefied gas L2 other than liquefied carbon dioxide L1 include liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), liquefied natural gas (LNG), and ammonia. In the following description, unless it is necessary to distinguish between liquefied carbon dioxide L1 and liquefied gas L2, the liquefied carbon dioxide L1 and liquefied gas L2 stored in tank 11 are sometimes simply referred to as stored gas L.

[0041] Loading pipe 13 loads storage gas L supplied from onshore equipment into tank 11. Loading pipe 13 extends from the outside of tank 11 through the top of tank 11 and into the interior of tank 11. The end of loading pipe 13 opens inside tank 11.

[0042] The unloading pipe 14 discharges the stored gas L from tank 11 to the outside of the ship. The unloading pipe 14 extends from the outside of tank 11 through the top of tank 11 and into the interior of tank 11. A pump (not shown) is installed at the end of the unloading pipe 14. The pump draws in the stored gas L from tank 11. The unloading pipe 14 discharges the stored gas L drawn in by the pump to the outside of tank 11 (outside the ship).

[0043] (Structure of a safety valve system)

[0044] The safety valve system 20A mainly includes a first safety valve 21, a second safety valve 31, a connecting pipe 45, a vertical ventilation pipe 9, a first pressure inlet pipe 41, a second pressure inlet pipe 42, and a switching valve 43.

[0045] The first safety valve 21 is located at the top of the tank 11. The first safety valve 21 is configured to function when liquefied carbon dioxide L1 is stored in the tank 11. When the pressure of the gas phase (gas) inside the tank 11 reaches a predetermined set pressure, the first safety valve 21 releases the pressure inside the tank 11. Figure 3 As shown, the first safety valve 21 is a so-called pilot-operated type and includes a main valve 22 and a first pilot valve 23.

[0046] The main valve 22 is disposed within the main valve body 24. An inlet 24a and an outlet 24b are formed on the main valve body 24. The inlet 24a communicates with the interior of the tank 11. The outlet 24b opens to the outside of the tank 11, i.e., it is open to the atmosphere. The main valve 22 is configured to be able to contact and separate from the inlet 24a. If the inlet 24a is closed by the main valve 22, the first safety valve 21 is in the closed state. The pressure inside the tank 11 acts on the main valve 22 from the inlet 24a side. The main valve body 24 has a back pressure chamber 24d on the side opposite to the inlet 24a side of the main valve 22.

[0047] The first pilot valve 23 applies pilot pressure to apply force to the main valve 22 in the closing direction. The first pilot valve 23 includes a cylindrical cylinder 25, a valve body 26, and a force-applying component 27.

[0048] The valve body 26 is configured to reciprocate within the cylinder 25. A force-applying component 27 is positioned on one side relative to the direction of reciprocation of the valve body 26. The force-applying component 27 applies force to the valve body 26 on the other side within the cylinder 25. Within the cylinder 25, a pressure inlet chamber 25s is formed on the other side (opposite to the force-applying component 27) relative to the valve body 26. The pressure within the tank 11 is transmitted to the pressure inlet chamber 25s via the first pressure inlet conduit 41 (described later). In other words, the pressure inlet chamber 25s is configured to communicate with the tank 11 via the first pressure inlet conduit 41, and when communicating with the tank 11, its interior and the gas phase within the tank 11 are at the same pressure. This pressure inlet chamber 25s is connected to the back pressure chamber 24d of the main valve body 24 via a connecting conduit 28.

[0049] The valve body 26 of this first pilot valve 23 typically applies force to the pressure inlet chamber 25s via the force-applying component 27. If the pressure inside the tank 11 rises, the pressure inside the pressure inlet chamber 25s also rises accordingly. Then, if the pressure inside the pressure inlet chamber 25s exceeds the force applied by the force-applying component 27, the valve body 26 moves within the cylinder 25 against the force applied by the force-applying component 27. Then, if the pressure inside the pressure inlet chamber 25s reaches a predetermined set pressure, the pressure in the pressure inlet chamber 25s is released to the atmosphere, for example, and the pressure inside the pressure inlet chamber 25s decreases. This pressure decrease in the pressure inlet chamber 25s is transmitted to the back pressure chamber 24d via the connecting pipe 28. As a result, a pressure difference is generated between the inlet 24a side and the back pressure chamber 24d side across the main valve 22, and the main valve 22 moves away from the inlet 24a. As a result, the first safety valve 21 is set to the open state, so that the inlet 24a is connected to the outlet 24b. Therefore, the gas produced by the vaporization of liquefied carbon dioxide L1 in tank 11 is released from outlet 24b.

[0050] The second safety valve 31 is disposed at the top of the tank 11. The second safety valve 31 is configured to function when liquefied gas L2 is stored in the tank 11. When the pressure of the gas phase in the tank 11 reaches a predetermined set pressure, the second safety valve 31 releases the pressure in the tank 11. The second safety valve 31 has a main valve 32 and a second pilot valve 33 with the same structure as the first safety valve 21.

[0051] The main valve 32 is disposed within the main valve body 34. An inlet 34a and an outlet 34b are formed on the main valve body 34. The inlet 34a communicates with the inside of the tank 11. Figure 2As shown, a connecting pipe 45 (described later) is connected to the discharge port 34b. The main valve 32 is configured to be able to contact or separate from the inlet 34a. If the inlet 34a is closed by the main valve 32, the second safety valve 31 is in the closed state. The pressure inside the tank 11 acts on the main valve 32 from the inlet 34a side. The main valve body 34 has a back pressure chamber 34d on the side opposite to the inlet 34a side of the main valve 32.

[0052] The second pilot valve 33 applies pilot pressure to apply force to the main valve 32 in the closing direction. The second pilot valve 33 has the same structure as the first pilot valve 23 and includes a cylindrical cylinder 35, a valve body 36, and a force-applying component 37.

[0053] The valve body 36 is configured to reciprocate within the cylinder 35. A force-applying member 37 is positioned on one side relative to the direction of reciprocating motion of the valve body 36. The force-applying member 37 applies force to the valve body 36 on the other side within the cylinder 35. Within the cylinder 35, a pressure inlet chamber 35s is formed on the other side (opposite to the force-applying member 37) relative to the valve body 36. The pressure within the tank 11 is transmitted to the pressure inlet chamber 35s via the second pressure inlet conduit 42 (described later). In other words, the pressure inlet chamber 35s is configured to communicate with the tank 11 via the second pressure inlet conduit 42, and when communicating with the tank 11, its interior and the gas phase within the tank 11 are at the same pressure. This pressure inlet chamber 35s is connected to the back pressure chamber 34d via a connecting conduit 38.

[0054] Then, similarly to the valve body 26 of the first pilot valve 23, the valve body 36 of the second pilot valve 33 normally applies force to the pressure inlet chamber 35s via the force-applying member 37. If the pressure inside the tank 11 rises, the pressure inside the pressure inlet chamber 35s also rises accordingly. Then, if the pressure inside the pressure inlet chamber 35s exceeds the force applied by the force-applying member 37, the valve body 36 moves within the cylinder 35 against the force applied by the force-applying member 37. Then, if the pressure inside the pressure inlet chamber 35s reaches a predetermined set pressure, the pressure inlet chamber 35s is released to the atmosphere, for example, and the pressure inside the pressure inlet chamber 35s drops. The pressure drop inside the pressure inlet chamber 35s is transmitted to the back pressure chamber 34d via the connecting pipe 38. As a result, a pressure difference is generated between the inlet 34a side and the back pressure chamber 34d side across the main valve 32, and the main valve 32 moves away from the inlet 34a. As a result, the second safety valve 31 is set to the open state, so that the inlet 34a is connected to the outlet 34b. Therefore, the gas (gas) produced by the vaporization of liquefied gas L2 in tank 11 is sent from outlet 34b to connecting pipe 45.

[0055] like Figure 2As shown, a vertical ventilation pipe 9 is connected to the second safety valve 31. More specifically, the vertical ventilation pipe 9 is connected to the second safety valve 31 via a connecting pipe 45. This vertical ventilation pipe 9 is separately configured from the second safety valve 31 and releases the vaporized liquefied gas L2 delivered from the second safety valve 31 to the outside (in other words, the atmosphere). The connecting pipe 45 connects the second safety valve 31 and the vertical ventilation pipe 9, and guides the gas delivered from the outlet 34b of the second safety valve 31 to the vertical ventilation pipe 9.

[0056] The first pressure inlet line 41 is a piping that transmits pressure from the tank 11 to the first pilot valve 23. The second pressure inlet line 42 is a piping that transmits pressure from the tank 11 to the second pilot valve 33. The first pressure inlet line 41 and the second pressure inlet line 42 are connected to the tank 11 via a switching valve 43. In this embodiment, the switching valve 43 is connected to the tank 11 via a pressure supply line 44. The switching valve 43 is a so-called three-way valve, capable of selecting either the first pressure inlet line 41 or the second pressure inlet line 42 to connect to the pressure supply line 44. The switching valve 43 connects the gas phase in the tank 11 to either the first pressure inlet line 41 or the second pressure inlet line 42 via the pressure supply line 44. The switching valve 43 can selectively switch the destination of pressure transmission within the tank 11 between the first pilot valve 23 and the second pilot valve 33.

[0057] like Figure 4 As shown, when liquefied carbon dioxide L1 is stored in tank 11, the switching valve 43 connects the first pressure inlet pipe 41 on the side of the first safety valve 21 with the gas inside tank 11. On the other hand, as... Figure 5 As shown, when liquefied gas L2 is stored in tank 11, switching valve 43 connects the second pressure inlet pipe 42 on the side of the second safety valve 31 to the gas in tank 11. Furthermore, the switching operation of switching valve 43 can be performed manually by the operator or automatically.

[0058] The switching valve 43 includes a detection unit 43s that detects the destination of pressure transmission within the tank 11. The detection unit 43s includes limit switches and the like that that detect the switching state of the switching switch or similar mechanism of the switching valve 43. An information output unit 43m is connected to the switching valve 43, which outputs information indicating the destination of pressure transmission detected by the detection unit 43s to the outside. This information, indicating the destination of pressure transmission, may be used to indicate, for example, whether the destination is the side of the first safety valve 21 or the side of the second safety valve 31. The information output unit 43m can output this information, for example, by illuminating a light indicating the destination of pressure transmission or displaying text information indicating the destination of pressure transmission.

[0059] (Effects)

[0060] In the ship 1A described above, when liquefied carbon dioxide L1 is stored in tank 11, the first safety valve 21 is activated. The first safety valve 21 transmits the pressure inside tank 11 to the first pilot valve 23 via the first pressure inlet pipe 41. If the pressure of the gas phase inside tank 11 reaches a predetermined set pressure, the first pilot valve 23 is activated. When the first pilot valve 23 is activated, the gas (liquefied carbon dioxide L1) inside tank 11 is released to the outside of tank 11 through the first safety valve 21.

[0061] On the other hand, when liquefied gas L2 other than liquefied carbon dioxide L1 is stored in tank 11, the second safety valve 31 is activated. The second safety valve 31 transmits the pressure inside tank 11 to the second pilot valve 33 via the second pressure inlet pipe 42. If the pressure of the gas phase inside tank 11 reaches a predetermined set pressure, the second pilot valve 33 is activated. By activating the second pilot valve 33, the second safety valve 31 sends the gas (the vaporized gas of liquefied gas L2) inside tank 11 to the outside of tank 11. Then, the gas sent from tank 11 is sent to the vertical ventilation pipe 9 via the connecting pipe 45. Afterwards, the gas guided to the vertical ventilation pipe 9 is released to the outside from the vertical ventilation pipe 9.

[0062] Thus, the vaporized liquefied gas L2 is released from the vertical ventilation pipe 9, which is separate from the second safety valve 31, while the vaporized liquefied carbon dioxide L1 is released directly from the first safety valve 21. Unlike the second safety valve 31, the first safety valve 21 is not connected to both the connecting pipe 45 and the vertical ventilation pipe 9. Therefore, even if dry ice is generated when the vaporized liquefied carbon dioxide L1 is released from the first safety valve 21, it is possible to prevent the connecting pipe 45 from being blocked by the generated dry ice.

[0063] Furthermore, the switching valve 43 can selectively switch the destination of pressure transmission within the tank 11 between the first pilot valve 23 and the second pilot valve 33. That is, the switching valve 43 can be switched as follows: when liquefied carbon dioxide L1 is stored in the tank 11, the pressure within the tank 11 is transmitted to the first safety valve 21; when liquefied gas L2 is stored, the pressure within the tank 11 is transmitted to the second safety valve 31. Thus, the appropriate safety valve (first safety valve 21, second safety valve 31) can be selected and activated according to the contents stored in the tank 11. Therefore, the destination of the release of the contents of the tank 11 can be easily and safely switched.

[0064] Furthermore, in the vessel 1A described above, information indicating the destination of pressure transmission within the tank 11 of the switching valve 43, as detected by the detection unit 43s, is output to the outside via the information output unit 43m. Therefore, based on the information output from the information output unit 43m, the operator can easily determine the destination of pressure transmission within the tank 11 of the switching valve 43. That is, in the event that the type of contents contained within the tank 11 differs from the safety valve that functions to transmit pressure within the tank 11, the operator can easily identify and address the situation.

[0065] (A variation of the first embodiment)

[0066] In the above embodiments, the structure can be as shown below.

[0067] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the connecting pipe 45 includes: a loading / unloading pipe 49, forming a part of the connecting pipe 45; and a connecting pipe body 48, forming the remaining part of the connecting pipe 45 excluding the loading / unloading pipe 49. The loading / unloading pipe 49 forms a part of the connecting pipe 45 in the direction in which the connecting pipe 45 extends. The loading / unloading pipe 49 is configured to be detachable from the connecting pipe body 48. In this modified example, the loading / unloading pipe 49 is disposed on the side of the connecting pipe 45 near the second safety valve 31. More specifically, the loading / unloading pipe 49 is installed in a manner that allows communication between the connecting pipe body 48, which is the remaining part of the connecting pipe 45, and the second safety valve 31, for example, by connecting it to the flange of the connecting pipe body 48. In this structure, typically, as... Figure 6 As shown, the loading / unloading pipe 49 is pre-installed as part of the connecting pipe 45. Thus, similar to the above embodiment, if the second safety valve 31 is activated when liquefied gas L2 is stored in the tank 11, the vaporized gas from the liquefied gas L2 is guided from the second safety valve 31 through the connecting pipe 45 to the vertical ventilation pipe 9 and released to the outside.

[0068] In this structure, for example, if the first safety valve 21 fails to function properly for some reason while liquefied carbon dioxide L1 is stored in tank 11, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the loading / unloading pipe 49 is disconnected from the connecting pipe 45. This opens the outlet 34b of the second safety valve 31 to the atmosphere, allowing the gas discharged from the outlet 34b to be immediately released into the atmosphere. In the switching valve 43, even when liquefied carbon dioxide L1 is stored in the tank 11, the pressure transmission destination within the tank 11 is set to the second pressure inlet pipe 42 on the side of the second safety valve 31. Thus, the second safety valve 31 functions, releasing the vaporized gas from the liquefied carbon dioxide L1 within the tank 11 to the outside (atmosphere) via the second safety valve 31 if the pressure within the tank 11 rises and exceeds a predetermined set pressure.

[0069] At this time, in preparation for the formation of dry ice from the carbon dioxide gas released from the second safety valve 31, the loading / unloading pipe 49 is set to the unloaded state. Therefore, the discharge port 34b of the second safety valve 31 is in a state close to being directly open to the atmosphere, thereby preventing the connecting pipe 45 from being blocked by the generated dry ice even if dry ice is formed from the carbon dioxide gas discharged from the discharge port 34b when the second safety valve 31 is operating.

[0070] Furthermore, in the above-described modification, the loading / unloading pipe 49 is positioned in the connecting pipe 45 near the second safety valve 31, but this is not a limitation. The loading / unloading pipe 49 can be positioned anywhere in the connecting pipe 45.

[0071] <Second Implementation>

[0072] Next, a second embodiment of the float according to the present invention will be described. In the second embodiment described below, only the structure of the safety valve system differs from that of the first embodiment. Therefore, the parts that are the same as those in the first embodiment will be described using the same symbols, and repeated descriptions will be omitted.

[0073] like Figure 8 As shown, in this second embodiment, the vessel 1B, which serves as a float, has at least a safety valve system 20B in the tank equipment 10.

[0074] In this second embodiment, tank 11 can selectively store liquefied carbon dioxide L1 and liquefied gas L2 other than liquefied carbon dioxide L1 inside it. Examples of liquefied gas L2 other than liquefied carbon dioxide L1 include liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), liquefied natural gas (LNG), and ammonia.

[0075] Loading pipe 13 loads storage gas L supplied from onshore equipment into tank 11. Loading pipe 13 extends from the outside of tank 11 through the top of tank 11 and into the interior of tank 11. The end of loading pipe 13 opens inside tank 11.

[0076] The unloading pipe 14 discharges the stored gas L from tank 11 to the outside of the ship. The unloading pipe 14 extends from the outside of tank 11 through the top of tank 11 and into the interior of tank 11. A pump (not shown) is installed at the end of the unloading pipe 14. The pump draws in the stored gas L from tank 11. The unloading pipe 14 discharges the stored gas L drawn in by the pump to the outside of tank 11 (outside the ship).

[0077] (Structure of a safety valve system)

[0078] The safety valve system 20B mainly includes a safety valve 51, a connecting pipe 55, and a vertical ventilation pipe 9.

[0079] Safety valve 51 is disposed at the top of tank 11. When the pressure of the stored gas L in tank 11 reaches a predetermined set pressure, safety valve 51 releases the pressure in tank 11. Furthermore, similar to the first embodiment, safety valve 51 can be pilot-operated.

[0080] The vertical ventilation duct 9 is configured separately from the safety valve 51. The vertical ventilation duct 9 releases the vaporized liquefied gas L2 delivered from the safety valve 51 to the outside. The vertical ventilation duct 9 is connected to the safety valve 51 via a connecting pipe 55.

[0081] The connecting pipe 55 connects the safety valve 51 to the vertical ventilation pipe 9. The connecting pipe 55 is connected to the outlet 54b of the safety valve 51. A portion of the connecting pipe 55 includes a detachable loading / unloading pipe 59. Similar to the loading / unloading pipe 49 of the first embodiment, the loading / unloading pipe 59 is connected to the connecting pipe body 58, which constitutes the remainder of the connecting pipe 55, for example, by a flange. Furthermore, in this second embodiment, the loading / unloading pipe 59 is positioned on the side of the connecting pipe 55 closest to the safety valve 51, between the connecting pipe body 58 and the safety valve 51. However, the loading / unloading pipe 59 is not limited to the side of the connecting pipe 55 closest to the safety valve 51 and can be positioned at any location.

[0082] In this safety valve system 20B, when liquefied gas L2 is stored in tank 11, a loading / unloading pipe 59 is pre-connected as part of the connecting pipe 55. When the safety valve 51 is activated to release the vaporized liquefied gas L2 from tank 11 to the outside, the vaporized liquefied gas L2 is guided from the safety valve 51 through the connecting pipe 55 to the vertical ventilation pipe 9 and released to the outside.

[0083] On the other hand, such as Figure 9 As shown, when liquefied carbon dioxide L1 is stored in tank 11, the loading / unloading pipe 59 is disconnected from the connecting pipe 55. At this time, the connecting pipe 55 is positioned between the safety valve 51 and the connecting pipe body 58. Therefore, with the loading / unloading pipe 59 disconnected, the discharge port 54b of the safety valve 51 is in a state close to being directly open to the atmosphere.

[0084] Therefore, even if the pressure inside the tank 11 rises and exceeds the specified set pressure, causing the safety valve 51 to operate so that the gas after the liquefied carbon dioxide L1 in the tank 11 is vaporized is discharged from the outlet 54b and dry ice is generated from the carbon dioxide gas, the connection pipe 55 can be prevented from being blocked by the generated dry ice.

[0085] (Effects)

[0086] According to the second embodiment of the ship 1B described above, when liquefied carbon dioxide L1 is stored in tank 11, the loading / unloading pipe 59, which is part of the connecting pipe 55, can be opened to the atmosphere near the outlet 54b of the safety valve 51. Therefore, even if dry ice is generated from the carbon dioxide gas discharged from the outlet 54b when the safety valve 51 is operating, the connection pipe 55 can be prevented from being blocked by the generated dry ice. Furthermore, when liquefied gas L2 is stored in tank 11, the vaporized gas from the liquefied gas L2 discharged from the safety valve 51 when the safety valve 51 is operating can be guided through the connecting pipe 55 to the vertical ventilation pipe 9 and released to the outside.

[0087] Thus, while liquefied carbon dioxide L1 and liquefied gas L2 share the safety valve 51, the release method from the safety valve 51 can be appropriately selected based on the type of contents within the tank 11, simply by loading and unloading the loading / unloading pipe 59. The operator can then easily identify the state in which the loading / unloading pipe 59 is detached. Therefore, the release destination of the contents of the tank 11 released from the safety valve 51 can be easily and safely switched. Furthermore, since liquefied carbon dioxide L1 and liquefied gas L2 can share the safety valve 51, equipment costs can be reduced.

[0088] (Other implementation methods)

[0089] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the specific structure is not limited to this embodiment and may include design changes that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention.

[0090] For example, in the above embodiments, each of the first safety valve 21, second safety valve 31, and safety valve 51 is provided, but it is not limited to this. Multiple first safety valves 21, second safety valves 31, and safety valves 51 may also be provided. When multiple first safety valves 21, second safety valves 31, and safety valves 51 are provided, the set pressure of the first safety valves 21, second safety valves 31, and safety valves 51 can be made different in stages.

[0091] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the structure is provided with two tanks 11, but it is not limited to this. It may also have one or more tanks 11.

[0092] Furthermore, in the above embodiments, vessels 1A and 1B are exemplified as floating bodies, but the embodiments are not limited to this. The floating body can be a marine floating body device without a propulsion mechanism.

[0093] <Postscript>

[0094] The floats 1A and 1B described in each embodiment are as follows.

[0095] (1) The floats 1A and 1B involved in the first method include: a float body 2; a tank 11 disposed on the float body 2 and capable of selectively storing liquefied carbon dioxide L1 and liquefied gas L2 other than liquefied carbon dioxide L1; a first safety valve 21 having a first pilot valve 23 that operates when the pressure inside the tank 11 reaches a predetermined set pressure, and releasing the pressure inside the tank 11 to the outside of the tank 11 by operating the first pilot valve 23; a first pressure inlet pipe 41 that transmits the pressure inside the tank 11 to the first pilot valve 23; and a second safety valve 31 having a first pressure inlet pipe 41 that transmits the pressure inside the tank 11 to the first pilot valve 23 when the pressure inside the tank 11 reaches a predetermined set pressure. The system includes a second pilot valve 33 that operates under certain conditions, and a vertical ventilation pipe 9 that is separate from the second safety valve 31 and releases the gas to the outside; a connecting pipe 45 that connects the second safety valve 31 and the vertical ventilation pipe 9 and guides the gas from the second safety valve 31 to the vertical ventilation pipe 9; a second pressure inlet pipe 42 that transmits the pressure inside the tank 11 to the second pilot valve 33; and a switching valve 43 that selectively switches the destination of the pressure transmission inside the tank 11 between the first pilot valve 23 and the second pilot valve 33.

[0096] Examples of floats 1A and 1B include ships or marine floating structures. Examples of float bodies 2 include ship hulls or the main body of marine floating structures.

[0097] Examples of liquefied gases (L2) include liquefied petroleum gas, liquefied natural gas, and ammonia.

[0098] When liquefied carbon dioxide L1 is stored in tank 11, the floats 1A and 1B activate the first safety valve 21. The first safety valve 21 transmits the pressure inside tank 11 to the first pilot valve 23 via the first pressure inlet pipe 41. If the pressure inside tank 11 reaches the set pressure, the first pilot valve 23 is activated. When the first pilot valve 23 is activated, the gas inside tank 11 (the gas produced by the vaporization of liquefied carbon dioxide L1) can be released to the outside of tank 11 by the first safety valve 21.

[0099] When liquefied gas L2 other than liquefied carbon dioxide L1 is stored in tank 11, the second safety valve 31 is activated. The second safety valve 31 transmits the pressure inside tank 11 to the second pilot valve 33 via the second pressure inlet pipe 42. If the pressure inside tank 11 reaches a set pressure, the second pilot valve 33 is activated. By activating the second pilot valve 33, the second safety valve 31 discharges the gas (the vaporized gas of liquefied gas L2) from tank 11 to the outside of tank 11. The gas discharged from the second safety valve 31 is sent to the vertical ventilation pipe 9 via the connecting pipe 45. This gas is released to the outside from the vertical ventilation pipe 9. Thus, the vaporized gas of liquefied gas L2 is released from the vertical ventilation pipe 9, which is separate from the second safety valve 31, while the vaporized gas of liquefied carbon dioxide L1 is released directly from the first safety valve 21. Therefore, even if dry ice is generated when carbon dioxide is released from the first safety valve 21, the connection pipe 45 can be prevented from being blocked by the generated dry ice.

[0100] The switching valve 43 selectively switches the destination of pressure transmission within the tank 11 between the first pilot valve 23 and the second pilot valve 33. Specifically, the switching valve 43 can be switched such that when liquefied carbon dioxide L1 is stored in the tank 11, the pressure within the tank 11 is transmitted to the first safety valve 21; when liquefied gas L2 is stored, the pressure within the tank 11 is transmitted to the second safety valve 31. Thus, the appropriate safety valves 21 and 31 can be activated depending on the contents stored in the tank 11. Therefore, the destination of the contents of the tank 11 released from the safety valves 21 and 31 can be easily and safely switched.

[0101] (2) The floats 1A and 1B involved in the second method are the floats 1A and 1B of (1), which further include: a detection unit 43s, which detects the destination of the pressure in the tank 11 in the switching valve 43; and an information output unit 43m, which outputs information indicating the destination detected by the detection unit 43s to the outside.

[0102] Therefore, information indicating the destination of pressure transmission within the tank 11 of the switching valve 43, as detected by the detection unit 43s, is output to the outside via the information output unit 43m. Thus, based on the information output from the information output unit 43m, the operator can easily determine the destination of pressure transmission within the tank 11 of the switching valve 43.

[0103] (3) The floats 1A and 1B involved in the third method are floats 1A and 1B of (1) or (2), wherein the connecting pipe 45 has a loading and unloading pipe 49 that constitutes part of the connecting pipe 45 in the direction in which the connecting pipe 45 extends and a connecting pipe body 48 that constitutes the remaining part of the connecting pipe 45, wherein the loading and unloading pipe 49 is configured to be detachable relative to the connecting pipe body 48.

[0104] Therefore, by disconnecting the loading / unloading pipe 49, which is part of the connecting pipe 45 connected to the second safety valve 31, the gas discharged from the outlet 34b of the second safety valve 31 is immediately released into the atmosphere. Thus, even if the first safety valve 21 cannot function properly while liquefied carbon dioxide L1 is stored in the tank 11, by disconnecting the connecting pipe 45, even if dry ice is generated from the carbon dioxide gas discharged from the outlet 34b when the second safety valve 31 is operating, the connection pipe 45 can be prevented from being blocked by the generated dry ice.

[0105] (4) The floats 1A and 1B involved in the fourth method include: a float body 2; a tank 11 disposed on the float body 2 and capable of selectively storing liquefied carbon dioxide L1 and liquefied gas L2 other than liquefied carbon dioxide L1; a safety valve 51 that, when the pressure in the tank 11 reaches a predetermined set pressure, sends the pressure in the tank 11 to the outside of the tank 11; a vertical ventilation pipe 9 disposed separately from the safety valve 51 and releases the gas to the outside; and a connecting pipe 55 that connects the safety valve 51 and the vertical ventilation pipe 9 and guides the gas sent from the safety valve 51 to the vertical ventilation pipe 9. The connecting pipe 55 includes a loading and unloading pipe 59 that forms part of the connecting pipe 55 in the direction in which the connecting pipe 55 extends and a connecting pipe body 58 that forms the remaining part of the connecting pipe 55. The loading and unloading pipe 59 is configured to be detachable relative to the connecting pipe body 58.

[0106] Therefore, when liquefied carbon dioxide L1 is stored in tank 11, by disconnecting a portion of the connecting pipe 55, the gas discharged from the outlet 54b of the safety valve 51 can be immediately released into the atmosphere. Thus, even if dry ice is generated from the carbon dioxide gas discharged from the outlet 54b when the safety valve 51 is operating, the connection pipe 55 can be prevented from being blocked by the generated dry ice.

[0107] Furthermore, when liquefied gas L2 is stored in tank 11, the vaporized liquefied gas L2 delivered from safety valve 51 is released to the outside through connecting pipe 55 and vertical ventilation pipe 9 when safety valve 51 is activated. Thus, while liquefied carbon dioxide L1 and liquefied gas L2 share safety valve 51, the release method from safety valve 51 can be appropriately selected according to the type of contents contained in tank 11. Then, the operator can easily identify the state of the unloading pipe 59 being removed. Therefore, the release destination of the contents of tank 11 released from safety valve 51 can be easily and safely switched. Furthermore, since liquefied carbon dioxide L1 and liquefied gas L2 can share safety valve 51, equipment costs can be reduced.

[0108] Industrial availability

[0109] According to the float of the present invention, the release destination of the tank contents released from the safety valve can be easily and safely switched.

[0110] Symbol Explanation

[0111] 1A, 1B - Ship (floating body), 2 - Hull (main body of floating body), 2a - Bow, 2b - Stern, 3A, 3B - Side, 5 - Upper deck, 7 - Superstructure, 8 - Cargo loading area, 9 - Vertical ventilation pipe, 10 - Tank equipment, 11 - Tank, 13 - Loading piping, 14 - Unloading piping, 20A, 20B - Safety valve system, 21 - First safety valve, 22 - Main valve, 23 - First pilot valve, 24 - Main valve body, 24a - Inlet, 24b - Outlet, 24d - Back pressure chamber, 25 - Cylinder, 25s - Pressure inlet chamber, 26 - Valve body, 27 - Force application component, 28 - Connecting pipeline, 31 - Second safety valve, 32 - Main valve, 33 - Second pilot valve, 34- Main valve body, 34a- Inlet, 34b- Outlet, 34d- Back pressure chamber, 35- Cylinder body, 35s- Pressure inlet chamber, 36- Valve body, 37- Force application component, 38- Connecting pipeline, 41- First pressure inlet pipeline, 42- Second pressure inlet pipeline, 43- Switching valve, 43m- Information output unit, 43s- Detection unit, 44- Pressure supply pipe, 45- Connecting pipe, 48- Connecting pipe body, 49- Loading / unloading pipe, 51- Safety valve, 53- Pilot valve, 54b- Outlet, 55- Connecting pipe, 58- Connecting pipe body, 59- Loading / unloading pipe, L- Stored gas, L1- Liquefied carbon dioxide, L2- Liquefied gas.

Claims

1. A floating body, comprising: floating body main body; A tank, configured on the main body of the float, is capable of selectively storing liquefied carbon dioxide and liquefied gases other than liquefied carbon dioxide; The first safety valve has a first pilot valve that operates when the pressure inside the tank reaches a predetermined set pressure, and releases the gas inside the tank directly to the outside atmosphere by activating the first pilot valve. The first pressure inlet line transmits the pressure inside the tank to the first pilot valve; The second safety valve has a second pilot valve that operates when the pressure inside the tank reaches a predetermined set pressure, and discharges the gas inside the tank to the outside of the tank by activating the second pilot valve. A vertical ventilation duct, separately configured from the second safety valve, releases the gas to the outside; A connecting pipe connects the second safety valve to the vertical ventilation pipe and guides the gas delivered from the second safety valve to the vertical ventilation pipe; The second pressure inlet line transmits the pressure inside the tank to the second pilot valve; and A switching valve selectively switches the destination of pressure transmission within the tank between the first pilot valve and the second pilot valve.

2. The float according to claim 1, further comprising: The detection unit detects the destination of the pressure transmission within the tank in the switching valve; and The information output unit outputs information indicating the destination detected by the detection unit to the outside.

3. The buoy according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The connecting pipe includes an loading / unloading pipe that forms part of the connecting pipe in the direction in which the connecting pipe extends, and a connecting pipe body that forms the remaining part of the connecting pipe. The loading and unloading pipe is configured to be detachable from the main body of the connecting pipe.

4. A floating body, comprising: floating body main body; A tank, configured on the main body of the float, is capable of selectively storing liquefied carbon dioxide and liquefied gases other than liquefied carbon dioxide; A safety valve, which, when the pressure inside the tank reaches a predetermined set pressure, discharges the gas inside the tank to the outside of the tank; A vertical ventilation duct, separately configured from the safety valve, releases the gas to the outside; and A connecting pipe connects the safety valve to the vertical ventilation pipe, and guides the gas delivered from the safety valve to the vertical ventilation pipe. The connecting pipe includes an loading / unloading pipe that forms part of the connecting pipe in the direction in which the connecting pipe extends, and a connecting pipe body that forms the remaining part of the connecting pipe. The loading and unloading pipe is configured to be detachable from the main body of the connecting pipe.

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