Method and device for determining temperature inside battery, and electronic device

Abstract

The application provides a battery internal temperature determination method and device and electronic equipment, a target battery is determined, a battery longitudinal thermal model corresponding to the target battery is constructed, and a heat transfer formula corresponding to each battery grid contained in the battery longitudinal thermal model is determined to obtain a plurality of heat transfer formulas, wherein the battery longitudinal thermal model contains a plurality of battery grids with equal heights; the plurality of heat transfer formulas are processed according to a Kalman filtering algorithm to obtain a discretization model corresponding to the target battery; and the temperature of a target battery grid is determined according to the discretization model, and the temperature of the target battery grid is determined as the internal temperature of the target battery, wherein the target battery grid is a battery grid located at a middle position of the battery longitudinal thermal model, and the technical problem that the internal temperature cannot be directly collected by a contact type temperature sensor in the related art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery temperature estimation, and more specifically, to a method, apparatus, and electronic device for determining the internal temperature of a battery. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, during battery use, factors such as high current and bottom heating can cause uneven battery temperature distribution (as shown in the paper "Experimental Analysis of Bottom Heating of Electric Vehicle Battery Packs," where a heating rate of 0.15°C / min results in a 7°C temperature difference between the bottom and top temperature sampling sensors; however, the heating capacity of current electric vehicles is generally >0.5°C / min, and the longitudinal temperature difference is mainly due to bottom heating). As a complex electrochemical system, the battery's power state, lifespan degradation, and over-temperature protection are all closely related to its internal temperature. Whether it's a hard-shell battery or a pouch battery, the internal active materials and electrolyte need to be completely encapsulated, making it impossible to directly collect the internal temperature using contact temperature sensors. Related technologies include embedding fiber optic sensors inside the battery core to collect temperature, but cost, safety, and stress changes during battery aging prevent the practical application of this technology.

[0003] In summary, there is currently no mature technology for determining the internal temperature of a battery. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this application is to provide a method, apparatus, and electronic device for determining the internal temperature of a battery, so as to at least solve the technical problem in the related art that the internal temperature cannot be directly collected by a contact temperature sensor.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of this application, a method for determining the internal temperature of a battery is provided, specifically comprising: determining a target battery; constructing a longitudinal thermal model of the target battery; and determining a heat transfer formula corresponding to each battery grid in the longitudinal thermal model to obtain multiple heat transfer formulas, wherein the longitudinal thermal model contains multiple battery grids of equal height; processing the multiple heat transfer formulas using a Kalman filter algorithm to obtain a discretized model corresponding to the target battery; determining the temperature of the target battery grid based on the discretized model, and determining the temperature of the target battery grid as the internal temperature of the target battery, wherein the target battery grid is a battery grid located in the middle position of the longitudinal thermal model.

[0006] Further, the target battery is determined, and a longitudinal thermal model of the target battery is constructed, including: determining the target battery and the corresponding battery model, performing longitudinal meshing of the battery model to obtain multiple battery meshes, wherein the battery model is a model with the same volume as the target battery; and constructing a longitudinal thermal model of the battery based on the multiple battery meshes.

[0007] Furthermore, the heat transfer formula corresponding to each battery grid in the longitudinal thermal model of the battery is determined to obtain multiple heat transfer formulas, including: obtaining the basic simulation information of the target battery, which includes at least the following information: the longitudinal thermal conductivity of the target battery, the grid height of each battery grid, the bottom area of ​​the target battery, the specific heat capacity of the target battery, and the grid mass of each target battery; and constructing the heat transfer formula corresponding to each battery grid based on the basic simulation information.

[0008] Furthermore, given that the multiple battery grids include a first grid, a second grid, and a third grid, with one end of the third grid in contact with one end of the second grid, the other end of the second grid in contact with one end of the first grid, and the other end of the first grid in contact with the coolant, based on basic simulation information, a heat transfer formula is constructed for each battery grid, including: The first heat transfer formula for the first grid is as follows: Where, λ cell The vertical thermal conductivity is given by T0, the coolant temperature is given by T1, the target cell temperature is given by T2, the target cell temperature is given by T1, the target cell temperature is given by T2, Δl is the grid height, S is the base area, Cp is the specific heat capacity, and m is the grid mass. The second heat transfer formula corresponding to the second grid is as follows: Where, λ cell The vertical thermal conductivity is given by T1, the target cell temperature at the first grid, T2, and T3, respectively. Δl is the grid height, S is the base area, Cp is the specific heat capacity, and m is the grid mass. The third heat transfer formula corresponding to the second grid is as follows: Where, λ cell T1 is the longitudinal thermal conductivity, T2 is the temperature of the target cell at the second grid, T3 is the temperature of the target cell at the third grid, Δl is the grid height, S is the base area, Cp is the specific heat capacity, and m is the grid mass.

[0009] Furthermore, multiple heat transfer formulas are processed using the Kalman filter algorithm to obtain a discretized model corresponding to the target battery. This includes: determining the thermal resistance and specific heat of the battery grid based on basic simulation information; obtaining the open-circuit voltage and terminal voltage of the target battery, and determining the self-generated heat of the target battery based on the open-circuit voltage and terminal voltage; and processing multiple heat transfer formulas using the Kalman filter algorithm based on the thermal resistance, specific heat, and self-generated heat of the target battery to obtain a discretized model.

[0010] Furthermore, if the multiple battery grids include a first grid, a second grid, and a third grid, and one end of the third grid is in contact with one end of the second grid, the other end of the second grid is in contact with one end of the first grid, and the other end of the first grid is in contact with the coolant, then the discretized model is:

[0011]

[0012] Where T1(k) is the battery temperature at the first grid at time k, T2(k) is the battery temperature at the second grid at time k, T3(k) is the battery temperature at the third grid at time k, T1(k-1) is the battery temperature at the first grid at time k-1, T2(k-1) is the battery temperature at the second grid at time k-1, T3(k-1) is the battery temperature at the third grid at time k-1, Δt is the simulation time interval between time k and time k-1, and C mesh For specific heat, R mesh Let Q(k) be the thermal resistance, Q(k) be the self-generated heat, and T0(k) be the coolant temperature at time k.

[0013] Furthermore, based on the basic simulation information, the thermal resistance and specific heat of the battery grid are determined, including: obtaining the specific heat capacity and grid mass of the target battery, and calculating the specific heat of the battery grid using Formula 1, which is: C mesh =Cp×m, C mesh Let Cp be the specific heat, Cp be the specific heat capacity, and m be the mesh mass. Obtain the mesh height, longitudinal thermal conductivity, and bottom area for each mesh. Calculate the thermal resistance using Formula 2, which is: R mesh λ is the thermal resistance, Δl is the mesh height, and λ is the lattice height. cell Where is the longitudinal thermal conductivity and S is the bottom area.

[0014] Furthermore, based on the discretization model, the temperature of the target battery grid is determined, including: when the first grid is the target battery grid, the temperature of the target battery corresponding to the first grid is calculated using the discretization model. When the second grid is the target battery grid, the temperature of the target battery at the second grid is calculated using the discretized model:

[0015] According to another aspect of this application, a device for determining the internal temperature of a battery is provided, specifically comprising: a first determining unit, configured to determine a target battery, construct a longitudinal thermal model of the target battery, and determine a heat transfer formula corresponding to each battery grid contained in the longitudinal thermal model of the battery to obtain multiple heat transfer formulas, wherein the longitudinal thermal model of the battery contains multiple battery grids of equal height; a first processing unit, configured to process the multiple heat transfer formulas according to a Kalman filter algorithm to obtain a discretized model corresponding to the target battery; and a second determining unit, configured to determine the temperature of the target battery grid according to the discretized model, and determine the temperature of the target battery grid as the internal temperature of the target battery, wherein the target battery grid is a battery grid located at the middle position of the longitudinal thermal model of the battery.

[0016] According to another aspect of this application, a processor is provided for an electronic device, comprising: one or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and the one or more programs include a method for performing a method for determining the internal temperature of a battery.

[0017] By applying the technical solution of this application, a target battery is identified, a longitudinal thermal model of the target battery is constructed, and a heat transfer formula corresponding to each battery grid in the longitudinal thermal model is determined to obtain multiple heat transfer formulas. The longitudinal thermal model contains multiple battery grids of equal height. These multiple heat transfer formulas are processed using a Kalman filter algorithm to obtain a discretized model corresponding to the target battery. Based on the discretized model, the temperature of the target battery grid is determined and used as the internal temperature of the target battery. The target battery grid is the battery grid located in the middle of the longitudinal thermal model. This solves the technical problem in related technologies where the internal temperature cannot be directly collected using a contact temperature sensor. By estimating the internal temperature of the battery through the longitudinal thermal model and using the internal temperature to estimate the battery's power / current characteristics, the technical effect of reducing battery life degradation is achieved. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 A hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal for a method of determining the internal temperature of a battery according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a method for determining the internal temperature of a battery according to an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a longitudinal thermal model of a battery provided in this application;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a device for determining the internal temperature of a battery according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0023] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this application described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0026] As described in the background section, there is a technical problem in the related art that the internal temperature cannot be directly collected by a contact temperature sensor. In order to solve the above problem, the embodiments of this application provide a method, apparatus, and electronic device for determining the internal temperature of a battery.

[0027] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] The methods and embodiments provided in this application can be executed on a mobile terminal, computer terminal, or similar computing device. Taking running on a mobile terminal as an example, Figure 1 This is a hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal for a method of determining the internal temperature of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1As shown, a mobile terminal may include one or more ( Figure 1 Only one is shown in the diagram. A processor 102 (which may include, but is not limited to, a microprocessor MCU or a programmable logic device FPGA, etc.) and a memory 104 for storing data are also shown. The mobile terminal may further include a transmission device 106 for communication functions and an input / output device 108. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 1 The structure shown is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the structure of the mobile terminal described above. For example, the mobile terminal may also include components that are more... Figure 1 The more or fewer components shown, or having the same Figure 1 The different configurations shown.

[0029] The memory 104 can be used to store computer programs, such as application software programs and modules, like the computer program corresponding to the device information display method in this embodiment of the invention. The processor 102 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the computer program stored in the memory 104, thereby implementing the above-described method. The memory 104 may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some instances, the memory 104 may further include memory remotely located relative to the processor 102, and these remote memories can be connected to the mobile terminal via a network. Examples of the aforementioned networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof. The transmission device 106 is used to receive or send data via a network. Specific examples of the aforementioned networks may include wireless networks provided by the mobile terminal's communication provider. In one example, the transmission device 106 includes a network interface controller (NIC), which can be connected to other network devices via a base station to communicate with the Internet. In one example, the transmission device 106 may be a radio frequency (RF) module, which is used to communicate with the Internet wirelessly.

[0030] This embodiment provides a method for determining the internal temperature of a battery, which operates on a mobile terminal, computer terminal, or similar computing device. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining the internal temperature of a battery according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0032] Step S201: Determine the target battery, construct the battery longitudinal thermal model corresponding to the target battery, and determine the heat transfer formula corresponding to each battery grid in the battery longitudinal thermal model to obtain multiple heat transfer formulas. The battery longitudinal thermal model contains multiple battery grids with equal height.

[0033] Specifically, the longitudinal thermal model of the battery in this application is a battery thermal model established by longitudinally meshing the battery.

[0034] Step S202: Process multiple heat transfer formulas according to the Kalman filter algorithm to obtain the discretized model corresponding to the target battery.

[0035] Specifically, Kalman filtering is the optimal observer of the internal state of a linear system. By using Kalman filtering to process the heat transfer formula, a discretized model corresponding to the target battery can be obtained. The real-time value of the internal temperature of the battery model can be estimated through the discretized model.

[0036] Step S203: Based on the discretized model, determine the temperature of the target battery grid and define the temperature of the target battery grid as the internal temperature of the target battery, wherein the target battery grid is the battery grid located in the middle of the longitudinal thermal model of the battery.

[0037] Specifically, by discretizing the model, the temperature of the internal battery grid in the longitudinal thermal model of the battery is determined, and the temperature of the internal battery grid is determined as the internal temperature of the battery.

[0038] In this embodiment, by establishing a longitudinal thermal model and using Kalman filtering to estimate the real-time internal temperature of the battery, the battery's power / current characteristics can be estimated using the internal temperature, thus mitigating the battery's lifespan degradation process and providing a strong basis for battery over-temperature protection judgment and thermal management control.

[0039] In specific implementation, step S201 can be achieved through the following steps: determining the target battery and the corresponding battery model; performing vertical meshing on the battery model to obtain multiple battery meshes, wherein the battery model is a model with the same volume as the target battery; and constructing a vertical thermal model of the battery based on the multiple battery meshes. In an optional embodiment provided in this application, the vertical meshing model corresponding to the target battery includes three vertical meshes as an example, as detailed below. Figure 3As shown in the figure, the vertical thermal model includes three battery grids, namely the first grid, the second grid, and the third grid. One end of the third grid is in contact with one end of the second grid, the other end of the second grid is in contact with one end of the first grid, and the other end of the first grid is in contact with the coolant. The battery temperature corresponding to the first grid is T1, the battery temperature corresponding to the second grid is T2, the battery temperature corresponding to the third grid is T3, and T0 is the collected coolant temperature.

[0040] The heat transfer formulas corresponding to each battery grid constructed in step S201 of this application can also be implemented through the following steps: obtaining basic simulation information of the target battery, which includes at least the following information: the longitudinal thermal conductivity of the target battery, wherein, since this application establishes a longitudinal thermal model of the battery, the longitudinal (y-axis) thermal conductivity of the battery is typically λ. cell =20W / (m*K), where the grid height Δl of each battery grid, the bottom area of ​​the target battery, the specific heat capacity of the target battery, and the grid mass of each target battery are all considered. Based on the basic simulation information, the heat transfer formula corresponding to each battery grid is constructed.

[0041] In this design, the height of each battery grid in the vertical thermal model of the battery is the same.

[0042] Where H is the height of the target battery, and the height of each battery grid is Δl = H / number of battery grids.

[0043] Where m is the mass of each battery grid, and the bottom area of ​​the target battery is S = W * Δl.

[0044] The first heat transfer formula corresponding to the construction of the first grid is: Where, λ cell T0 is the longitudinal thermal conductivity, T1 is the temperature of the coolant, T2 is the temperature of the target battery at the first grid, T1 is the temperature of the target battery at the second grid, Δl is the grid height, S is the bottom area, Cp is the specific heat capacity, and m is the grid mass.

[0045] The second heat transfer formula corresponding to the construction of the second grid is: Where, λ cell T1 is the longitudinal thermal conductivity, T2 is the temperature of the target battery at the first grid, T3 is the temperature of the target battery at the second grid, Δl is the grid height, S is the bottom area, Cp is the specific heat capacity, m is the grid mass, and Q is the self-heating heat of the target battery.

[0046] The third heat transfer formula corresponding to the construction of the second grid is: Where, λ cellT1 is the longitudinal thermal conductivity, T2 is the temperature of the target cell at the second grid, T3 is the temperature of the target cell at the third grid, Δl is the grid height, S is the base area, Cp is the specific heat capacity, and m is the grid mass.

[0047] This method constructs a longitudinal thermal model of the battery, which includes multiple heat transfer formulas corresponding to multiple battery grids, by using basic simulation information such as the heat transfer coefficient, heat capacity, and size of the target battery. This can achieve the effect of basic simulation of the target battery.

[0048] It should also be noted that the number of battery grids included in the longitudinal thermal model of the battery in this application varies, depending on the specific circumstances.

[0049] Furthermore, the longitudinal thermal model of the battery is transformed using a Kalman filter, and then converted into a discretized model. The resulting discretized model is as follows:

[0050]

[0051] Where T1(k) is the battery temperature at the first grid at time k, T2(k) is the battery temperature at the second grid at time k, T3(k) is the battery temperature at the third grid at time k, T1(k-1) is the battery temperature at the first grid at time k-1, T2(k-1) is the battery temperature at the second grid at time k-1, T3(k-1) is the battery temperature at the third grid at time k-1, Δt is the simulation time interval between time k and time k-1, and C mesh For specific heat, R mesh Let Q(k) be the thermal resistance, Q(k) be the self-generated heat, T0(k) be the coolant temperature at time k, and C be the thermal resistance. mesh = Cp × m, where Cp is the specific heat capacity and m is the mass of the battery grid. R mesh Let λ be the battery thermal resistance, Δl be the height of each battery grid, and λ be the... cell Let S be the longitudinal thermal conductivity of the battery, and S be the bottom area of ​​the target battery.

[0052] It should be noted that the above discretized model is equivalent to a linear system corresponding to a Kalman filter, where the state variables are: The measured quantity is y(k) = T1(k) or y(k) = T2(k), and the input quantity is: Kalman filtering is the optimal observer of the internal state of a linear system. It can be used to estimate the real-time values ​​of the internal temperature T1 or T2 of a battery model.

[0053] The Kalman filter is described below:

[0054] The state variables of a linear system are xk The measured quantity is y k The input quantity is μ k ω s Let ω0 and ωb be the variances of the process error and measurement error, respectively, both of which must follow a Gaussian distribution. Then, for the system process, the measurement formula is:

[0055] x k =Ax k-1 +Bμ k +ω s

[0056] y k =Cx k +ω0

[0057] Assume P k-1 For x k-1 Given y1-y k-1 Covariance over time;

[0058] P k / k-1 For x k Given y1-y k-1 Covariance over time;

[0059] Q s For ω s Covariance of the process;

[0060] Q o For ω o Covariance of the process;

[0061] K k For Kalman gain.

[0062] The following is the iterative formula for Kalman filtering:

[0063] P kk-1 =AP K-1 A T +Q s

[0064] P k =P k / k-1 -P k / k-1 C T (CP k / k-1 C T +Q o ) -1 CP k / k-1

[0065] P k =P k / k-1 C T (CP k / k-1 C T +Q o ) -1Kalman gain;

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] For example, the optimal operating temperature for a ternary lithium battery is generally 20°C. However, during the heating process of a certain battery while driving, when the internal temperature reaches 20°C, the temperature collected at the top is only 16°C. If the collected temperature is used as the heating stop temperature, it means that it is necessary to wait for another 5 minutes to heat up, which wastes time and reduces the driving range.

[0069] In the case where the first grid is the target battery grid, the temperature of the target battery at the first grid is calculated using the discretization model: When the second grid is the target battery grid, the temperature of the target battery at the second grid is calculated using the discretized model:

[0070] It should also be noted that the real-time temperature corresponding to T3 can be estimated through the discretization model.

[0071] In this application, a longitudinal thermal model corresponding to the battery is constructed, and then the longitudinal thermal model is converted into a discretized model through Kalman filtering. The internal temperature of the battery is estimated through the discretized model, and then the power / current characteristics of the battery are determined through the estimated internal temperature, thereby achieving the technical effect of reducing battery life degradation.

[0072] This application also provides a device for determining the internal temperature of a battery. It should be noted that this device can be used to execute the method for determining the internal temperature of a battery provided in this application. This device is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred embodiments; details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that performs a predetermined function. Although the device described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0073] The following describes a device for determining the internal temperature of a battery provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0074] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a battery internal temperature determination device according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 4As shown, the device includes: a first determining unit 401, used to determine the target battery, construct a longitudinal thermal model of the battery corresponding to the target battery, and determine the heat transfer formula corresponding to each battery grid in the longitudinal thermal model of the battery to obtain multiple heat transfer formulas, wherein the longitudinal thermal model of the battery contains multiple battery grids of equal height; a first processing unit 402, used to process the multiple heat transfer formulas according to the Kalman filter algorithm to obtain a discretized model corresponding to the target battery; and a second determining unit 403, used to determine the temperature of the target battery grid according to the discretized model, and determine the temperature of the target battery grid as the internal temperature of the target battery, wherein the target battery grid is the battery grid located in the middle position of the longitudinal thermal model of the battery.

[0075] As an optional solution, the first determining unit 401 includes: a first determining subunit, used to determine the target battery and the battery model corresponding to the target battery, and to perform vertical meshing processing on the battery model to obtain multiple battery meshes, wherein the battery model is a model with the same volume as the target battery; and a first constructing subunit, used to construct a vertical thermal model of the battery based on the multiple battery meshes.

[0076] In one optional scheme, the first determining unit 401 includes: a first acquiring subunit, used to acquire basic simulation information of the target battery, the basic simulation information including at least the following information: the longitudinal thermal conductivity of the target battery, the grid height of each battery grid, the bottom area corresponding to the target battery, the specific heat capacity of the target battery, and the grid mass of each target battery; and a second constructing subunit, used to construct the heat transfer formula corresponding to each battery grid based on the basic simulation information.

[0077] In one optional embodiment, multiple battery grids include a first grid, a second grid, and a third grid, with one end of the third grid contacting one end of the second grid, the other end of the second grid contacting one end of the first grid, and the other end of the first grid contacting the coolant. In this configuration, the second building subunit includes: a first building module, used to build the first heat transfer formula corresponding to the first grid as follows: Where, λ cell The vertical thermal conductivity is given by T0, the coolant temperature is given by T1, the target battery temperature is given by T2, the target battery temperature is given by T1, the grid height is given by T2, the base area is given by S, the specific heat capacity is given by Cp, and the grid mass is given by m. The second building module is used to build the second heat transfer formula corresponding to the second grid. Where, λ cellThe vertical thermal conductivity is given by T1, the target cell temperature at the first grid, T2, and T3, respectively. Δl is the grid height, S is the base area, Cp is the specific heat capacity, and m is the grid mass. The third building module is used to construct the third heat transfer formula corresponding to the second grid. Where, λ cell T1 is the longitudinal thermal conductivity, T2 is the temperature of the target cell at the second grid, T3 is the temperature of the target cell at the third grid, Δl is the grid height, S is the base area, Cp is the specific heat capacity, and m is the grid mass.

[0078] In one optional scheme, the first processing unit 402 includes: a second determining subunit, used to determine the thermal resistance and specific heat of the battery grid based on basic simulation information; a third determining subunit, used to obtain the open-circuit voltage and terminal voltage of the target battery, and determine the self-generating heat of the target battery based on the open-circuit voltage and terminal voltage; and a first processing subunit, used to process multiple heat transfer formulas using a Kalman filter algorithm based on the thermal resistance, specific heat, and self-generating heat of the target battery to obtain a discretized model.

[0079] In one alternative scheme, multiple battery grids include a first grid, a second grid, and a third grid, where one end of the third grid contacts one end of the second grid, the other end of the second grid contacts one end of the first grid, and the other end of the first grid contacts the coolant. The discretized model is as follows:

[0080]

[0081] Where T1(k) is the battery temperature at the first grid at time k, T2(k) is the battery temperature at the second grid at time k, T3(k) is the battery temperature at the third grid at time k, T1(k-1) is the battery temperature at the first grid at time k-1, T2(k-1) is the battery temperature at the second grid at time k-1, T3(k-1) is the battery temperature at the third grid at time k-1, Δt is the simulation time interval between time k and time k-1, and C mesh For specific heat, R mesh Let Q(k) be the thermal resistance, Q(k) be the self-generated heat, and T0(k) be the coolant temperature at time k.

[0082] In one optional scheme, the second determining sub-unit includes: a first acquisition module, used to acquire the specific heat capacity and mesh quality of the target battery, and calculate the specific heat of the battery mesh using Formula 1, where Formula 1 is: C mesh =Cp×m, C meshCp is the specific heat capacity, and m is the mesh mass; the second acquisition module is used to acquire the mesh height, longitudinal thermal conductivity, and bottom area of ​​each mesh, and calculate the thermal resistance using Formula 2, which is: R mesh λ is the thermal resistance, Δl is the mesh height, and λ is the lattice height. cell Where is the longitudinal thermal conductivity and S is the bottom area.

[0083] In one optional scheme, the second determining unit 403 includes: a first calculation subunit, used to calculate the temperature of the target battery at the first grid location by means of a discretized model, when the first grid is the target battery grid. The second computational sub-unit is used to calculate the temperature of the target battery at the second grid location by using a discretized model, when the second grid is the target battery grid:

[0084] A device for determining the internal temperature of a battery includes a processor and a memory. The aforementioned first determining unit 401, etc., are all stored as program units in the memory. The processor executes these program units stored in the memory to achieve the corresponding functions. All of the above modules are located in the same processor; alternatively, the modules may be located in different processors in any combination.

[0085] The processor contains a kernel, which retrieves the corresponding program units from memory. One or more kernels can be configured, and adjusting kernel parameters can address the technical challenge of directly acquiring internal temperature using contact temperature sensors.

[0086] The memory may include non-permanent memory in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM, and the memory includes at least one memory chip.

[0087] This invention provides a computer-readable storage medium including a stored program, wherein, when the program is executed, it controls the device containing the computer-readable storage medium to perform a method for determining the internal temperature of a battery.

[0088] Specifically, a method for determining the internal temperature of a battery includes:

[0089] Step S201: Determine the target battery, construct the battery longitudinal thermal model corresponding to the target battery, and determine the heat transfer formula corresponding to each battery grid in the battery longitudinal thermal model to obtain multiple heat transfer formulas. The battery longitudinal thermal model contains multiple battery grids with equal height.

[0090] Specifically, the longitudinal thermal model of the battery in this application is a battery thermal model established by longitudinally meshing the battery.

[0091] Step S202: Process multiple heat transfer formulas according to the Kalman filter algorithm to obtain the discretized model corresponding to the target battery.

[0092] Specifically, Kalman filtering is the optimal observer of the internal state of a linear system. By using Kalman filtering to process the heat transfer formula, a discretized model corresponding to the target battery can be obtained. The real-time value of the internal temperature of the battery model can be estimated through the discretized model.

[0093] Step S203: Based on the discretized model, determine the temperature of the target battery grid and define the temperature of the target battery grid as the internal temperature of the target battery, wherein the target battery grid is the battery grid located in the middle of the longitudinal thermal model of the battery.

[0094] Optionally, the target battery is determined, and a longitudinal thermal model of the target battery is constructed, including: determining the target battery and the corresponding battery model, performing longitudinal meshing on the battery model to obtain multiple battery meshes, wherein the battery model is a model with the same volume as the target battery; and constructing a longitudinal thermal model of the battery based on the multiple battery meshes.

[0095] Optionally, the heat transfer formula corresponding to each battery grid in the longitudinal thermal model of the battery is determined to obtain multiple heat transfer formulas, including: obtaining basic simulation information of the target battery, which includes at least the following information: the longitudinal thermal conductivity of the target battery, the grid height of each battery grid, the bottom area of ​​the target battery, the specific heat capacity of the target battery, and the grid mass of each target battery; and constructing the heat transfer formula corresponding to each battery grid based on the basic simulation information.

[0096] Optionally, the multiple battery grids include a first grid, a second grid, and a third grid, with one end of the third grid in contact with one end of the second grid, the other end of the second grid in contact with one end of the first grid, and the other end of the first grid in contact with the coolant. Based on basic simulation information, a heat transfer formula is constructed for each battery grid, including: constructing a first heat transfer formula for the first grid as follows: Where, λ cell The vertical thermal conductivity is given by T0, the coolant temperature is given by T1, the target cell temperature is given by T2, the target cell temperature is given by T1, the target cell temperature is given by T2, Δl is the grid height, S is the base area, Cp is the specific heat capacity, and m is the grid mass. The second heat transfer formula corresponding to the second grid is as follows: Where, λ cellThe vertical thermal conductivity is given by T1, the target cell temperature at the first grid, T2, and T3, respectively. Δl is the grid height, S is the base area, Cp is the specific heat capacity, and m is the grid mass. The third heat transfer formula corresponding to the second grid is as follows: Where, λ cell T1 is the longitudinal thermal conductivity, T2 is the temperature of the target cell at the second grid, T3 is the temperature of the target cell at the third grid, Δl is the grid height, S is the base area, Cp is the specific heat capacity, and m is the grid mass.

[0097] Optionally, multiple heat transfer formulas are processed using the Kalman filter algorithm to obtain a discretized model corresponding to the target battery, including: determining the thermal resistance and specific heat of the battery grid based on basic simulation information; obtaining the open-circuit voltage and terminal voltage of the target battery, and determining the self-generated heat of the target battery based on the open-circuit voltage and terminal voltage; and processing multiple heat transfer formulas using the Kalman filter algorithm based on the thermal resistance, specific heat, and self-generated heat of the target battery to obtain a discretized model.

[0098] Optionally, the multiple battery grids include a first grid, a second grid, and a third grid, where one end of the third grid contacts one end of the second grid, the other end of the second grid contacts one end of the first grid, and the other end of the first grid contacts the coolant. In this case, the discretized model is:

[0099]

[0100] Where T1(k) is the battery temperature at the first grid at time k, T2(k) is the battery temperature at the second grid at time k, T3(k) is the battery temperature at the third grid at time k, T1(k-1) is the battery temperature at the first grid at time k-1, T2(k-1) is the battery temperature at the second grid at time k-1, T3(k-1) is the battery temperature at the third grid at time k-1, Δt is the simulation time interval between time k and time k-1, and C mesh For specific heat, R mesh Let Q(k) be the thermal resistance, Q(k) be the self-generated heat, and T0(k) be the coolant temperature at time k.

[0101] Optionally, based on basic simulation information, the thermal resistance and specific heat of the battery grid are determined, including: obtaining the specific heat capacity and grid mass of the target battery, and calculating the specific heat of the battery grid using Formula 1, which is: C mesh =Cp×m, C mesh Let Cp be the specific heat, Cp be the specific heat capacity, and m be the mesh mass. Obtain the mesh height, longitudinal thermal conductivity, and bottom area for each mesh. Calculate the thermal resistance using Formula 2, which is: R mesh λ is the thermal resistance, Δl is the mesh height, and λ is the lattice height. cell Where is the longitudinal thermal conductivity and S is the bottom area.

[0102] Optionally, the temperature of the target battery grid is determined based on the discretization model, including: when the first grid is the target battery grid, the temperature of the target battery at the first grid is calculated using the discretization model. When the second grid is the target battery grid, the temperature of the target battery at the second grid is calculated using the discretized model:

[0103] This invention provides a processor for running a program, wherein the program executes a method for determining the internal temperature of a battery.

[0104] Specifically, a method for determining the internal temperature of a battery includes:

[0105] Step S201: Determine the target battery, construct the battery longitudinal thermal model corresponding to the target battery, and determine the heat transfer formula corresponding to each battery grid in the battery longitudinal thermal model to obtain multiple heat transfer formulas. The battery longitudinal thermal model contains multiple battery grids with equal height.

[0106] Specifically, the longitudinal thermal model of the battery in this application is a battery thermal model established by longitudinally meshing the battery.

[0107] Step S202: Process multiple heat transfer formulas according to the Kalman filter algorithm to obtain the discretized model corresponding to the target battery.

[0108] Specifically, Kalman filtering is the optimal observer of the internal state of a linear system. By using Kalman filtering to process the heat transfer formula, a discretized model corresponding to the target battery can be obtained. The real-time value of the internal temperature of the battery model can be estimated through the discretized model.

[0109] Step S203: Based on the discretized model, determine the temperature of the target battery grid and define the temperature of the target battery grid as the internal temperature of the target battery, wherein the target battery grid is the battery grid located in the middle of the longitudinal thermal model of the battery.

[0110] Optionally, the target battery is determined, and a longitudinal thermal model of the target battery is constructed, including: determining the target battery and the corresponding battery model, performing longitudinal meshing on the battery model to obtain multiple battery meshes, wherein the battery model is a model with the same volume as the target battery; and constructing a longitudinal thermal model of the battery based on the multiple battery meshes.

[0111] Optionally, the heat transfer formula corresponding to each battery grid in the longitudinal thermal model of the battery is determined to obtain multiple heat transfer formulas, including: obtaining basic simulation information of the target battery, which includes at least the following information: the longitudinal thermal conductivity of the target battery, the grid height of each battery grid, the bottom area of ​​the target battery, the specific heat capacity of the target battery, and the grid mass of each target battery; and constructing the heat transfer formula corresponding to each battery grid based on the basic simulation information.

[0112] Optionally, the multiple battery grids include a first grid, a second grid, and a third grid, with one end of the third grid in contact with one end of the second grid, the other end of the second grid in contact with one end of the first grid, and the other end of the first grid in contact with the coolant. Based on basic simulation information, a heat transfer formula is constructed for each battery grid, including: constructing a first heat transfer formula for the first grid as follows: Where, λ cell The vertical thermal conductivity is given by T0, the coolant temperature is given by T1, the target cell temperature is given by T2, the target cell temperature is given by T1, the target cell temperature is given by T2, Δl is the grid height, S is the base area, Cp is the specific heat capacity, and m is the grid mass. The second heat transfer formula corresponding to the second grid is as follows: Where, λ cell The vertical thermal conductivity is given by T1, the target cell temperature at the first grid, T2, and T3, respectively. Δl is the grid height, S is the base area, Cp is the specific heat capacity, and m is the grid mass. The third heat transfer formula corresponding to the second grid is as follows: Where, λ cell T1 is the longitudinal thermal conductivity, T2 is the temperature of the target cell at the second grid, T3 is the temperature of the target cell at the third grid, Δl is the grid height, S is the base area, Cp is the specific heat capacity, and m is the grid mass.

[0113] Optionally, multiple heat transfer formulas are processed using the Kalman filter algorithm to obtain a discretized model corresponding to the target battery, including: determining the thermal resistance and specific heat of the battery grid based on basic simulation information; obtaining the open-circuit voltage and terminal voltage of the target battery, and determining the self-generated heat of the target battery based on the open-circuit voltage and terminal voltage; and processing multiple heat transfer formulas using the Kalman filter algorithm based on the thermal resistance, specific heat, and self-generated heat of the target battery to obtain a discretized model.

[0114] Optionally, the multiple battery grids include a first grid, a second grid, and a third grid, where one end of the third grid contacts one end of the second grid, the other end of the second grid contacts one end of the first grid, and the other end of the first grid contacts the coolant. In this case, the discretized model is:

[0115]

[0116] Where T1(k) is the battery temperature at the first grid at time k, T2(k) is the battery temperature at the second grid at time k, T3(k) is the battery temperature at the third grid at time k, T1(k-1) is the battery temperature at the first grid at time k-1, T2(k-1) is the battery temperature at the second grid at time k-1, T3(k-1) is the battery temperature at the third grid at time k-1, Δt is the simulation time interval between time k and time k-1, and C mesh For specific heat, R mesh Let Q(k) be the thermal resistance, Q(k) be the self-generated heat, and T0(k) be the coolant temperature at time k.

[0117] Optionally, based on basic simulation information, the thermal resistance and specific heat of the battery grid are determined, including: obtaining the specific heat capacity and grid mass of the target battery, and calculating the specific heat of the battery grid using Formula 1, which is: C mesh =Cp×m, C mesh Let Cp be the specific heat, Cp be the specific heat capacity, and m be the mesh mass. Obtain the mesh height, longitudinal thermal conductivity, and bottom area for each mesh. Calculate the thermal resistance using Formula 2, which is: R mesh λ is the thermal resistance, Δl is the mesh height, and λ is the lattice height. cell Where is the longitudinal thermal conductivity and S is the bottom area.

[0118] Optionally, the temperature of the target battery grid is determined based on the discretization model, including: when the first grid is the target battery grid, the temperature of the target battery at the first grid is calculated using the discretization model. When the second grid is the target battery grid, the temperature of the target battery at the second grid is calculated using the discretized model:

[0119] This invention provides a device, which includes a processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it performs at least the following steps: Step S201, determining a target battery, constructing a longitudinal thermal model of the target battery, and determining the heat transfer formula corresponding to each battery grid in the longitudinal thermal model of the battery to obtain multiple heat transfer formulas, wherein the longitudinal thermal model of the battery contains multiple battery grids of equal height.

[0120] Specifically, the longitudinal thermal model of the battery in this application is a battery thermal model established by longitudinally meshing the battery.

[0121] Step S202: Process multiple heat transfer formulas according to the Kalman filter algorithm to obtain the discretized model corresponding to the target battery.

[0122] Specifically, Kalman filtering is the optimal observer of the internal state of a linear system. By using Kalman filtering to process the heat transfer formula, a discretized model corresponding to the target battery can be obtained. The real-time value of the internal temperature of the battery model can be estimated through the discretized model.

[0123] Step S203: Based on the discretized model, determine the temperature of the target battery grid and define it as the internal temperature of the target battery. The target battery grid is the battery grid located in the middle of the battery's longitudinal thermal model. The devices mentioned in this article can be servers, PCs, tablets, mobile phones, etc.

[0124] Optionally, the target battery is determined, and a longitudinal thermal model of the target battery is constructed, including: determining the target battery and the corresponding battery model, performing longitudinal meshing on the battery model to obtain multiple battery meshes, wherein the battery model is a model with the same volume as the target battery; and constructing a longitudinal thermal model of the battery based on the multiple battery meshes.

[0125] Optionally, the heat transfer formula corresponding to each battery grid in the longitudinal thermal model of the battery is determined to obtain multiple heat transfer formulas, including: obtaining basic simulation information of the target battery, which includes at least the following information: the longitudinal thermal conductivity of the target battery, the grid height of each battery grid, the bottom area of ​​the target battery, the specific heat capacity of the target battery, and the grid mass of each target battery; and constructing the heat transfer formula corresponding to each battery grid based on the basic simulation information.

[0126] Optionally, the multiple battery grids include a first grid, a second grid, and a third grid, with one end of the third grid in contact with one end of the second grid, the other end of the second grid in contact with one end of the first grid, and the other end of the first grid in contact with the coolant. Based on basic simulation information, a heat transfer formula is constructed for each battery grid, including: constructing a first heat transfer formula for the first grid as follows: Where, λ cell The vertical thermal conductivity is given by T0, the coolant temperature is given by T1, the target cell temperature is given by T2, the target cell temperature is given by T1, the target cell temperature is given by T2, Δl is the grid height, S is the base area, Cp is the specific heat capacity, and m is the grid mass. The second heat transfer formula corresponding to the second grid is as follows: Where, λ cellThe vertical thermal conductivity is given by T1, the target cell temperature at the first grid, T2, and T3, respectively. Δl is the grid height, S is the base area, Cp is the specific heat capacity, and m is the grid mass. The third heat transfer formula corresponding to the second grid is as follows: Where, λ cell T1 is the longitudinal thermal conductivity, T2 is the temperature of the target cell at the second grid, T3 is the temperature of the target cell at the third grid, Δl is the grid height, S is the base area, Cp is the specific heat capacity, and m is the grid mass.

[0127] Optionally, multiple heat transfer formulas are processed using the Kalman filter algorithm to obtain a discretized model corresponding to the target battery, including: determining the thermal resistance and specific heat of the battery grid based on basic simulation information; obtaining the open-circuit voltage and terminal voltage of the target battery, and determining the self-generated heat of the target battery based on the open-circuit voltage and terminal voltage; and processing multiple heat transfer formulas using the Kalman filter algorithm based on the thermal resistance, specific heat, and self-generated heat of the target battery to obtain a discretized model.

[0128] Optionally, the multiple battery grids include a first grid, a second grid, and a third grid, where one end of the third grid contacts one end of the second grid, the other end of the second grid contacts one end of the first grid, and the other end of the first grid contacts the coolant. In this case, the discretized model is:

[0129]

[0130] Where T1(k) is the battery temperature at the first grid at time k, T2(k) is the battery temperature at the second grid at time k, T3(k) is the battery temperature at the third grid at time k, T1(k-1) is the battery temperature at the first grid at time k-1, T2(k-1) is the battery temperature at the second grid at time k-1, T3(k-1) is the battery temperature at the third grid at time k-1, Δt is the simulation time interval between time k and time k-1, and C mesh For specific heat, R mesh Let Q(k) be the thermal resistance, Q(k) be the self-generated heat, and T0(k) be the coolant temperature at time k.

[0131] Optionally, based on basic simulation information, the thermal resistance and specific heat of the battery grid are determined, including: obtaining the specific heat capacity and grid mass of the target battery, and calculating the specific heat of the battery grid using Formula 1, which is: C mesh =Cp×m, C mesh Let Cp be the specific heat, Cp be the specific heat capacity, and m be the mesh mass. Obtain the mesh height, longitudinal thermal conductivity, and bottom area for each mesh. Calculate the thermal resistance using Formula 2, which is: R mesh λ is the thermal resistance, Δl is the mesh height, and λ is the lattice height. cell Where is the longitudinal thermal conductivity and S is the bottom area.

[0132] Optionally, the temperature of the target battery grid is determined based on the discretization model, including: when the first grid is the target battery grid, the temperature of the target battery at the first grid is calculated using the discretization model. When the second grid is the target battery grid, the temperature of the target battery at the second grid is calculated using the discretized model:

[0133] This application also provides a computer program product, which, when executed on a data processing device, is suitable for executing an initialization program having at least the following method steps: Step S201, determining a target battery, constructing a battery longitudinal thermal model corresponding to the target battery, and determining the heat transfer formula corresponding to each battery grid contained in the battery longitudinal thermal model to obtain multiple heat transfer formulas, wherein the battery longitudinal thermal model contains multiple battery grids of equal height.

[0134] Specifically, the longitudinal thermal model of the battery in this application is a battery thermal model established by longitudinally meshing the battery.

[0135] Step S202: Process multiple heat transfer formulas according to the Kalman filter algorithm to obtain the discretized model corresponding to the target battery.

[0136] Specifically, Kalman filtering is the optimal observer of the internal state of a linear system. By using Kalman filtering to process the heat transfer formula, a discretized model corresponding to the target battery can be obtained. The real-time value of the internal temperature of the battery model can be estimated through the discretized model.

[0137] Step S203: Based on the discretized model, determine the temperature of the target battery grid and define the temperature of the target battery grid as the internal temperature of the target battery, wherein the target battery grid is the battery grid located in the middle of the longitudinal thermal model of the battery.

[0138] Optionally, the target battery is determined, and a longitudinal thermal model of the target battery is constructed, including: determining the target battery and the corresponding battery model, performing longitudinal meshing on the battery model to obtain multiple battery meshes, wherein the battery model is a model with the same volume as the target battery; and constructing a longitudinal thermal model of the battery based on the multiple battery meshes.

[0139] Optionally, the heat transfer formula corresponding to each battery grid in the longitudinal thermal model of the battery is determined to obtain multiple heat transfer formulas, including: obtaining basic simulation information of the target battery, which includes at least the following information: the longitudinal thermal conductivity of the target battery, the grid height of each battery grid, the bottom area of ​​the target battery, the specific heat capacity of the target battery, and the grid mass of each target battery; and constructing the heat transfer formula corresponding to each battery grid based on the basic simulation information.

[0140] Optionally, the multiple battery grids include a first grid, a second grid, and a third grid, with one end of the third grid in contact with one end of the second grid, the other end of the second grid in contact with one end of the first grid, and the other end of the first grid in contact with the coolant. Based on basic simulation information, a heat transfer formula is constructed for each battery grid, including: constructing a first heat transfer formula for the first grid as follows: Where, λ cell The vertical thermal conductivity is given by T0, the coolant temperature is given by T1, the target cell temperature is given by T2, the target cell temperature is given by T1, the target cell temperature is given by T2, Δl is the grid height, S is the base area, Cp is the specific heat capacity, and m is the grid mass. The second heat transfer formula corresponding to the second grid is as follows: Where, λ cell The vertical thermal conductivity is given by T1, the target cell temperature at the first grid, T2, and T3, respectively. Δl is the grid height, S is the base area, Cp is the specific heat capacity, and m is the grid mass. The third heat transfer formula corresponding to the second grid is as follows: Where, λ cell T1 is the longitudinal thermal conductivity, T2 is the temperature of the target cell at the second grid, T3 is the temperature of the target cell at the third grid, Δl is the grid height, S is the base area, Cp is the specific heat capacity, and m is the grid mass.

[0141] Optionally, multiple heat transfer formulas are processed using the Kalman filter algorithm to obtain a discretized model corresponding to the target battery, including: determining the thermal resistance and specific heat of the battery grid based on basic simulation information; obtaining the open-circuit voltage and terminal voltage of the target battery, and determining the self-generated heat of the target battery based on the open-circuit voltage and terminal voltage; and processing multiple heat transfer formulas using the Kalman filter algorithm based on the thermal resistance, specific heat, and self-generated heat of the target battery to obtain a discretized model.

[0142] Optionally, the multiple battery grids include a first grid, a second grid, and a third grid, where one end of the third grid contacts one end of the second grid, the other end of the second grid contacts one end of the first grid, and the other end of the first grid contacts the coolant. In this case, the discretized model is:

[0143]

[0144] Where T1(k) is the battery temperature at the first grid at time k, T2(k) is the battery temperature at the second grid at time k, T3(k) is the battery temperature at the third grid at time k, T1(k-1) is the battery temperature at the first grid at time k-1, T2(k-1) is the battery temperature at the second grid at time k-1, T3(k-1) is the battery temperature at the third grid at time k-1, Δt is the simulation time interval between time k and time k-1, and C mesh For specific heat, R mesh Let Q(k) be the thermal resistance, Q(k) be the self-generated heat, and T0(k) be the coolant temperature at time k.

[0145] Optionally, based on basic simulation information, the thermal resistance and specific heat of the battery grid are determined, including: obtaining the specific heat capacity and grid mass of the target battery, and calculating the specific heat of the battery grid using Formula 1, which is: C mesh =Cp×m, C mesh Let Cp be the specific heat, Cp be the specific heat capacity, and m be the mesh mass. Obtain the mesh height, longitudinal thermal conductivity, and bottom area for each mesh. Calculate the thermal resistance using Formula 2, which is: R mesh λ is the thermal resistance, Δl is the mesh height, and λ is the lattice height. cell Where is the longitudinal thermal conductivity and S is the bottom area.

[0146] Optionally, the temperature of the target battery grid is determined based on the discretization model, including: when the first grid is the target battery grid, the temperature of the target battery at the first grid is calculated using the discretization model. When the second grid is the target battery grid, the temperature of the target battery at the second grid is calculated using the discretized model:

[0147] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented using general-purpose computing devices. They can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. They can be implemented using computer-executable program code, and thus can be stored in a storage device for execution by a computing device. In some cases, the steps shown or described can be performed in a different order than those described herein, or they can be fabricated as separate integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps can be fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0148] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0149] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0150] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0151] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0152] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0153] Memory may include non-persistent memory in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of computer-readable media.

[0154] Computer-readable media includes both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can store information using any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, magnetic magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transferable medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transient computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0155] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0156] As can be seen from the above description, the embodiments of this application achieve the following technical effects:

[0157] 1) This application estimates the internal temperature of the battery using a longitudinal thermal model and uses the internal temperature to estimate the power / current characteristics of the battery, thereby achieving the technical effect of reducing battery life degradation.

[0158] 2) The method for determining the internal temperature of the battery in this application can improve the accuracy of determining the internal temperature of the battery.

[0159] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for determining the internal temperature of a battery, characterized in that, include: A target battery is identified, a longitudinal thermal model of the target battery is constructed, and a heat transfer formula corresponding to each battery grid in the longitudinal thermal model is determined to obtain multiple heat transfer formulas. The longitudinal thermal model of the battery contains multiple battery grids of equal height. The heat transfer formulas are processed using the Kalman filter algorithm to obtain a discretized model corresponding to the target battery. Based on the discretized model, the temperature of the target battery grid is determined, and the temperature of the target battery grid is determined as the internal temperature of the target battery, wherein the target battery grid is the battery grid located in the middle position of the longitudinal thermal model of the battery; The process of processing multiple heat transfer formulas using the Kalman filter algorithm to obtain a discretized model corresponding to the target battery includes: determining the thermal resistance and specific heat of the battery grid based on basic simulation information, wherein the basic simulation information includes at least the following: the longitudinal thermal conductivity of the target battery, the grid height of each battery grid, the bottom area of ​​the target battery, the specific heat capacity of the target battery, and the grid mass of each target battery; obtaining the open-circuit voltage and terminal voltage of the target battery, and determining the self-generating heat of the target battery based on the open-circuit voltage and the terminal voltage; and processing multiple heat transfer formulas using the Kalman filter algorithm based on the thermal resistance, specific heat, and self-generating heat of the target battery to obtain the discretized model. The plurality of battery grids include a first grid, a second grid, and a third grid, wherein one end of the third grid is in contact with one end of the second grid, the other end of the second grid is in contact with one end of the first grid, and the other end of the first grid is in contact with the coolant. In this case, the discretization model is: ; in, Let k be the battery temperature at the first grid point. Let k be the battery temperature at the second grid. Let k be the battery temperature at the third grid point. Let K be the battery temperature at the first grid at time k-1. Let K be the battery temperature at the second grid at time k-1. The battery temperature at the third grid point at time k-1 is... The simulation time interval between time k and time k-1 is... For the specific heat, For the aforementioned thermal resistance, The self-heating heat, The temperature of the coolant at time k is the temperature of the coolant. Based on basic simulation information, the thermal resistance and specific heat of the battery grid are determined, including: obtaining the specific heat capacity and grid mass of the target battery, and calculating the specific heat of the battery grid using Formula 1, where Formula 1 is: , For the specific heat, The specific heat capacity is... The quality of the grid is determined; the grid height, longitudinal thermal conductivity, and bottom area of ​​each grid are obtained, and the thermal resistance is calculated using Formula 2, which is: , For the aforementioned thermal resistance, The height of the grid is... The longitudinal thermal conductivity is... The area of ​​the base is denoted as .

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determine the target battery and construct the corresponding longitudinal thermal model of the battery, including: The target battery is determined, and the battery model corresponding to the target battery is determined. The battery model is then vertically meshed to obtain multiple battery meshes, wherein the battery model is a model with the same volume as the target battery. A longitudinal thermal model of the battery is constructed based on multiple battery grids.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determine the heat transfer formula corresponding to each battery grid in the battery longitudinal thermal model to obtain multiple heat transfer formulas, including: Obtain the basic simulation information of the target battery; Based on the basic simulation information, the heat transfer formula corresponding to each of the battery grids is constructed.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The plurality of battery grids include a first grid, a second grid, and a third grid, wherein one end of the third grid is in contact with one end of the second grid, the other end of the second grid is in contact with one end of the first grid, and the other end of the first grid is in contact with the coolant. Based on the basic simulation information, the heat transfer formula corresponding to each battery grid is constructed, including: The first heat transfer formula corresponding to the first grid is as follows: ,in, The longitudinal thermal conductivity is... The temperature of the coolant is the temperature corresponding to the coolant. The target battery temperature at the first grid point, The temperature of the target battery at the second grid. The height of the grid is... The area of ​​the base is [area]. The specific heat capacity is... The quality of the mesh; The second heat transfer formula corresponding to the second grid is: ,in, The longitudinal thermal conductivity is... The target battery temperature at the first grid point, The temperature of the target battery at the second grid. The temperature of the target battery at the third grid. The height of the grid is... The area of ​​the base is [area]. The specific heat capacity is... Let Q be the mesh quality, and Q be the self-heating heat of the target battery. The third heat transfer formula corresponding to the construction of the second grid is: ,in, The longitudinal thermal conductivity is... The temperature of the target battery at the second grid. The temperature of the target battery at the third grid. The height of the grid is... The area of ​​the base is [area]. The specific heat capacity is... The quality of the mesh is [value].

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the discretized model, the temperature of the target battery grid is determined, including: When the first grid is the target battery grid, the temperature of the target battery corresponding to the first grid is calculated using the discretization model: , This represents the discretized model; When the second grid is the target battery grid, the temperature of the target battery at the second grid is calculated using the discretization model: .

6. A device for determining the internal temperature of a battery, characterized in that, include: The first determining unit is used to determine the target battery, construct the battery longitudinal thermal model corresponding to the target battery, and determine the heat transfer formula corresponding to each battery grid contained in the battery longitudinal thermal model, so as to obtain multiple heat transfer formulas, wherein the battery longitudinal thermal model contains multiple battery grids with equal height. The first processing unit is used to process multiple heat transfer formulas according to the Kalman filter algorithm to obtain the discretized model corresponding to the target battery. The second determining unit is used to determine the temperature of the target battery grid based on the discretized model, and to determine the temperature of the target battery grid as the internal temperature of the target battery, wherein the target battery grid is the battery grid located in the middle of the longitudinal thermal model of the battery; The first processing unit includes: a second determining subunit, used to determine the thermal resistance and specific heat of the battery grid based on basic simulation information, wherein the basic simulation information includes at least the following: the longitudinal thermal conductivity of the target battery, the grid height of each battery grid, the bottom area corresponding to the target battery, the specific heat capacity of the target battery, and the grid mass of each target battery; a third determining subunit, used to obtain the open-circuit voltage and terminal voltage of the target battery, and determine the self-generating heat of the target battery based on the open-circuit voltage and the terminal voltage; and a first processing subunit, used to process multiple heat transfer formulas using the Kalman filter algorithm based on the thermal resistance, specific heat, and self-generating heat of the target battery to obtain the discretized model. The plurality of battery grids include a first grid, a second grid, and a third grid, wherein one end of the third grid is in contact with one end of the second grid, the other end of the second grid is in contact with one end of the first grid, and the other end of the first grid is in contact with the coolant. In this case, the discretization model is: ; in, Let k be the battery temperature at the first grid point. Let k be the battery temperature at the second grid. Let k be the battery temperature at the third grid point. Let K be the battery temperature at the first grid at time k-1. Let K be the battery temperature at the second grid at time k-1. The battery temperature at the third grid point at time k-1 is... The simulation time interval between time k and time k-1 is... For the specific heat, For the aforementioned thermal resistance, The self-heating heat, The temperature of the coolant at time k is the temperature of the coolant. The second determining subunit includes: a first acquisition module, used to acquire the specific heat capacity and the mesh quality of the target battery, and to calculate the specific heat of the battery mesh using Formula 1, wherein Formula 1 is: , For the specific heat, The specific heat capacity is... The second acquisition module is used to acquire the grid height, the longitudinal thermal conductivity, and the bottom area of ​​each grid, and calculate the thermal resistance using Formula 2, which is: , For the aforementioned thermal resistance, The height of the grid is... The longitudinal thermal conductivity is... The area of ​​the base is denoted as .

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein, when the program is executed, it controls the device containing the computer-readable storage medium to perform a method for determining the internal temperature of a battery as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A processor, characterized in that, The processor is used to run a program, wherein the program executes a method for determining the internal temperature of a battery as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including methods for performing a method for determining the internal temperature of a battery as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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