An antenna and communication device

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application relates to the technical field of antennas, and discloses an antenna, which comprises a substrate, a feed module and an antenna module, the substrate is provided with opposite first and second surfaces, the feed module comprises a feed gap and a feed source, the feed gap is arranged on the first surface, and the feed source is located between the first and second surfaces, the antenna module comprises a first radiation unit and two second radiation units, the first radiation unit covers the feed gap, the two second radiation units are arranged on the two sides of the first radiation unit respectively, a first distance and a second distance are formed between the two second radiation units and the first radiation unit respectively, and the two second radiation units can move relative to the first radiation unit. According to the embodiment of the present application, the two second radiation units are moved, the first distance and the second distance are changed, the coupling effect between the first radiation unit and the two second radiation units is changed, the working frequency and the gain of the antenna module are adjusted, and the structure is simplified and the cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna and a communication device. Background Technology

[0002] A dielectric resonant antenna is an antenna that uses a dielectric resonator as its radiating element. A dielectric resonator is a dielectric material with a high dielectric constant and low loss. By selecting dielectric resonators of different shapes, sizes, and materials, radiation and matching across different frequency bands can be achieved. Dielectric resonant antennas have advantages such as small size, light weight, high radiation efficiency, and stable operation, and are widely used in mobile communications, satellite communications, radar, and wireless local area networks.

[0003] Reconfigurability is a research hotspot in dielectric resonant antennas. Reconfigurable dielectric resonant antennas can change their operating frequency, polarization direction, or radiation characteristics according to specific application requirements, thus adapting to complex system needs and changing transmission environments. Currently, to adjust the operating frequency of a dielectric resonant antenna, it is usually achieved through active methods, i.e., using active devices such as variable capacitors, variable inductors, or diodes to adjust the resonant frequency. This results in complex structures and high costs for dielectric resonant antennas.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an antenna that can adjust its operating frequency passively, that is, without the need for external energy input, by changing the antenna's own structure, thereby simplifying the structure and reducing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main technical problem solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an antenna and communication device that can adjust the operating frequency of the antenna in a passive manner, thereby simplifying the structure and reducing the cost.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, one technical solution adopted in this embodiment of the invention is: an antenna, including a substrate, a feeding module, and an antenna module; the substrate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other; the feeding module includes a feeding slot and a feed source, the feeding slot is disposed on the first surface, the feed source is embedded in the substrate, the feed source is located between the first surface and the second surface, the feeding slot and the feed source are coupled and together form a feeding structure; the antenna module includes a first radiating element and two second radiating elements, both the first radiating element and the two second radiating elements are disposed on the first surface, the first radiating element covers the feeding slot, the two second radiating elements are respectively disposed on both sides of the first radiating element, a first distance and a second distance are respectively formed between the two second radiating elements and the first radiating element, both second radiating elements can move relative to the first radiating element, and both second radiating elements are fed through coupling with the first radiating element.

[0007] Optionally, the substrate is provided with a plurality of first through holes and a plurality of second through holes. The plurality of first through holes are spaced apart on one side of the power feeding gap, and the plurality of second through holes are spaced apart on the other side of the power feeding gap. A second radiating unit is inserted into a first through hole, and another second radiating unit is inserted into a second through hole. When a second radiating unit is inserted into a first through hole, a first distance is formed between the second radiating unit and the first radiating unit. When another second radiating unit is inserted into a second through hole, a second distance is formed between the second radiating unit and the first radiating unit.

[0008] Optionally, the first through holes are spaced at the same interval, and / or the second through holes are spaced at the same interval.

[0009] Optionally, the second radiating unit includes a radiator and a fixing member; the radiator is disposed on the first surface, the radiator is offset from the first through hole or the second through hole, the radiator is provided with a notch, one end of the fixing member is inserted into the notch, and the other end of the fixing member is used to be inserted into the first through hole or the second through hole.

[0010] Optionally, the fastener includes a radiating part and an insulating part; one end of the radiating part is inserted into the notch, and the other end of the radiating part is connected to the insulating part. The radiating part and the radiating body together form a second radiating unit, and the insulating part is inserted into a first through hole or a second through hole.

[0011] Optionally, the radiating part and the radiating body have the same dielectric constant.

[0012] Optionally, it also includes a fixing base with a socket. The height of the radiating part is equal to the height of the radiator, and the height of the insulating part is greater than the height of the first through hole or the second through hole. The socket is used to allow the insulating part to be inserted and fixed when it passes through the first through hole or the second through hole.

[0013] Optionally, the notch is located in the middle of one side of the radiator.

[0014] Optionally, the first distance and the second distance are the same.

[0015] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted in the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a communication device, including the antenna described above.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Unlike the prior art, this invention changes the coupling between the first radiating element and the two second radiating elements by moving the two second radiating elements, thereby adjusting the operating frequency and gain of the antenna module. This achieves the purpose of adjusting the antenna operating frequency in a passive manner, effectively simplifying the antenna structure and reducing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in specific embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the antenna in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the antenna in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna module structure in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna module structure in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing member and fixing base in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing member and fixing base in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the first and second distances in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the first and second distances in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a graph showing the relationship between the first distance and the second distance in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1 substrate, 10 first surface, 11 second surface, 12 first through hole, 13 second through hole, 2 feed module, 20 feed gap, 21 feed source, 3 antenna module, 30 first radiating element, 31 second radiating element, 310 radiator, 310a notch, 311 fixing piece, 311a radiating part, 311b isolation part, 4 mounting base, 40 socket. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more detailed description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. When an element is described as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. The terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "vertical," "horizontal," etc., used in this specification indicate orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0031] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0032] Please see Figures 1 to 7 An antenna includes a substrate 1, a feeding module 2, and an antenna module 3. The substrate 1 has a first surface 10 and a second surface 11 facing each other. The feeding module 2 includes a feeding slot 20 and a feed source 21. The feeding slot 20 is disposed on the first surface 10, and the feed source 21 is embedded in the substrate 1. The feed source 21 is located between the first surface 10 and the second surface 11. The feeding slot 20 and the feed source 21 are coupled and together form a feeding structure. The antenna module 3 includes a first radiating element 30 and two second radiating elements 31. The first radiating element 30 and the two second radiating elements 31 are both disposed on the first surface 10. The first radiating element 30 covers the feeding slot 20. The two second radiating elements 31 are respectively disposed on both sides of the first radiating element 30. A first distance and a second distance are respectively formed between the two second radiating elements 31 and the first radiating element 30. Both second radiating elements 31 can move relative to the first radiating element 30. Both second radiating elements 31 are fed through coupling with the first radiating element 30.

[0033] In one embodiment, the overall structure of the antenna is as follows: the substrate 1 is a rectangular substrate 1 with a dielectric layer, the first surface 10 and the second surface 11 are respectively located on both sides of the dielectric layer, the feed gap 20 is a rectangular feed gap 20 located on the first surface 10, the first radiating element 30 and the two second radiating elements 31 are both rectangular dielectric resonators, when the first radiating element 30 and the two second radiating elements 31 are disposed on the first surface 10, the two second radiating elements 31 are respectively located on both sides of the first radiating element 30, and the first radiating element 30 and the two second radiating elements 31 are located on the same straight line.

[0034] The specific operation of the antenna described above is as follows: First, the signal source transmits power to the port of the feed source 21. Then, the power is transmitted to the feed slot 20 through coupling between the feed source 21 and the feed slot 20. Next, the power is transmitted to the first radiating element 30 through coupling between the feed slot 20 and the first radiating element 30. Simultaneously, the power is transmitted to the two second radiating elements 31 through coupling between the first radiating element 30 and the two second radiating elements 31. Ultimately, the first radiating element 30 and the two second radiating elements 31 receive the power and radiate normally. Since there is a distance between the first radiating element 30 and the two second radiating elements 31, namely a first distance and a second distance, the coupling effect between the first radiating element 30 and the two second radiating elements 31 can be changed by moving the two second radiating elements 31, thereby changing the first distance and the second distance. This changes the operating frequency and gain of the antenna module 3, meeting different user needs and adapting to complex system requirements and changing transmission environments.

[0035] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 7 For the feed source 21 of the above antenna, the feed source 21 is specifically the wireless feed substrate 1 integrated waveguide feed.

[0036] In one embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 5For the two second radiating elements 31 of the aforementioned antenna, the two second radiating elements 31 have identical structures, and the distances between the two second radiating elements 31 and the first radiating element 30 are the same, i.e., the first distance and the second distance are the same. Since the two second radiating elements 31 form a parasitic relationship with the first radiating element 30, by setting two second radiating elements 31 with identical structures and setting the first distance and the second distance to be the same, the coupling effect between the two second radiating elements 31 and the first radiating element 30 can be made the same, that is, the two second radiating elements 31 have the same effect on the first radiating element 30, including operating frequency, gain effect, bandwidth, impedance matching, etc., thereby making the overall radiation effect of the antenna module 3 better. For example, increasing the total radiating area of ​​the antenna module 3 can increase the antenna gain, enhancing the coupling effect of the antenna module 3 can expand the antenna bandwidth, and adjusting the coupling effect of the antenna module 3 can change the antenna operating frequency, etc. It should be noted that the structures of the two second radiating elements 31 may be different, as may the first distance and the second distance. Considering the need to simplify the structure, facilitate manufacturing, and improve the overall radiation effect of the antenna module 3, the two second radiating elements 31 are preferably the same, and the first distance and the second distance are also preferably the same.

[0037] In one embodiment, please refer to Figures 8 to 10 When the first distance and the second distance are the same, the first distance and the second distance between the first radiating element 30 and the second radiating element 31 are both defined as d. The figure shows the relationship between the change of d and the change of the operating frequency and gain of the antenna module 3. As can be seen from the figure, when d changes from 0 mm to 5 mm, the gain of the antenna module 3 continuously decreases; when d changes from 0 mm to 3 mm, the operating frequency of the antenna module 3 continuously decreases; when d changes from 3 mm to 5 mm, the operating frequency of the antenna module 3 first increases and then remains constant. Users can adjust the operating frequency and gain of the antenna module 3 by changing the first distance or the second distance d according to different application requirements, that is, to adjust the operating frequency and gain of the antenna.

[0038] For further details, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 The substrate 1 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 12 and a plurality of second through holes 13. The plurality of first through holes 12 are spaced apart on one side of the power supply gap 20, and the plurality of second through holes 13 are spaced apart on the other side of the power supply gap 20. A second radiation unit 31 is inserted into a first through hole 12, and another second radiation unit 31 is inserted into a second through hole 13. When a second radiation unit 31 is inserted into a first through hole 12, a first distance is formed between the second radiation unit 31 and the first radiation unit 30. When another second radiation unit 31 is inserted into a second through hole 13, a second distance is formed between the other second radiation unit 31 and the first radiation unit 30.

[0039] In one embodiment, please refer to Figures 7 to 9 Both the first through-hole 12 and the second through-hole 13 are rectangular through-holes, and both second radiating elements 31 are rectangular radiating elements. When the two second radiating elements 31 are identical, the spacing between the first through-holes 12 and the spacing between the second through-holes 13 are the same, and the first through-holes 12 and the second through-holes 13 are identical. The first through-holes 12 and the second through-holes 13 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the feed slot 20. When the two second radiating elements 31 are respectively inserted into the first through-holes 12 and the second through-holes 13, the two second radiating elements 31 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first radiating element 30, thereby improving the radiation effect of the antenna module 3. It should be noted that when the two second radiating elements 31 are not identical, the first through-holes 12 and the second through-holes 13 may be different, and the first through-holes 12 and the second through-holes 13 may be asymmetrically distributed on the feed slot 20.

[0040] Furthermore, regarding the second radiating element 31 mentioned above, please refer to... Figures 1 to 6 The second radiation unit 31 includes a radiator 310 and a fixing member 311. The radiator 310 is disposed on the first surface 10. The radiator 310 is offset from the first through hole 12 or the second through hole 13. The radiator 310 is provided with a notch 310a. One end of the fixing member 311 is inserted into the notch 310a, and the other end of the fixing member 311 is used to be inserted into the first through hole 12 or the second through hole 13. By offsetting the radiator 310 from the first through hole 12 or the second through hole 13, the first through hole 12 or the second through hole 13 can be avoided from affecting the radiation effect of the radiator 310, thereby improving the radiation stability of the radiator 310.

[0041] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 The radiator 310 is a rectangular radiator 310, and a rectangular notch 310a is provided on one side of the radiator 310. The fastener 311 is an F-shaped rectangular fastener 311. When one end of the fastener 311 is inserted into the notch 310a, the top end face of the fastener 311 is on the same plane as the top end face of the radiator 310, so as to avoid the top end face of the fastener 311 protruding out of the notch 310a, thereby avoiding affecting the radiation of the radiator 310.

[0042] In one embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 6A plurality of first through holes 12 or a plurality of second through holes 13 are distributed on both sides of the radiator 310. Two notches 310a and two fixing members 311 are respectively provided. The two notches 310a are located on two opposite sides of the radiator 310. One end of each fixing member 311 is inserted into one of the two notches 310a, and the other end is inserted into one of the first through holes 12 or the second through holes 13 distributed on both sides of the radiator 310. The provision of the two fixing members 311 helps to improve the stability of the radiator 310, thereby improving the stability of the second radiating unit 31. Furthermore, the provision of the two fixing members 311 and the two notches 310a ensures that the second radiating unit 31 forms a symmetrical structure, avoiding any adverse effects on the radiation of the second radiating unit 31.

[0043] Furthermore, regarding the aforementioned fastener 311, please refer to... Figures 3 to 6 The fastener 311 includes a radiating part 311a and an isolating part 311b. One end of the radiating part 311a is inserted into the notch 310a, and the other end of the radiating part 311a is connected to the isolating part 311b. The radiating part 311a and the radiator 310 together form the second radiating unit 31. The isolating part 311b is inserted into the first through hole 12 or the second through hole 13.

[0044] In one embodiment, both the radiating part 311a and the isolating part 311b are rectangular. The volume of the radiating part 311a is larger than that of the isolating part 311b. The rectangular radiating part 311a and the rectangular isolating part 311b together form a rectangular F-shaped fastener 311. When the radiating part 311a is inserted into the notch 310a, one end of the radiating part 311a is received in the notch 310a, and the other end of the radiating part 311a protrudes out of the notch 310a. The other end of the radiating part 311a protruding out of the notch 310a is connected to the isolating part 311b. That is, the other end of the radiating part 311a and the isolating part 311b both protrude out of one side of the radiator 310. Both the other end of the radiating part 311a and the isolating part 311b protrude from one side of the radiator 310. When the fixing member 311 fixes the radiator 310 to the first through hole 12 or the second through hole 13, the radiator 310 can be offset from the first through hole 12 or the second through hole 13, thus avoiding the first through hole 12 or the second through hole 13 from affecting the radiation of the radiator 310. In addition, in order to enhance the radiation effect of the second radiation unit 31, both the radiating part 311a and the radiator 310 are used for radiation, and the radiating part 311a and the radiator 310 together form the second radiation unit 31, effectively enhancing the radiation effect of the second radiation unit 31. Meanwhile, when the isolation part 311b is inserted into the first through hole 12 or the second through hole 13, the isolation part 311b comes into contact with the dielectric layer of the substrate 1. In order to avoid the contact between the isolation part 311b and the dielectric layer of the substrate 1 from affecting the radiating part 311a and the radiator 310, a metal layer is provided on the surface of the isolation part 311b. The metal layer serves as an isolation layer, thereby preventing the energy of the radiation generated by the radiating part 311a and the radiator 310 from dissipating into the dielectric layer of the substrate 1, thus preventing the reduction of the antenna radiation energy.

[0045] In one embodiment, the surface of the isolation portion 311b is formed with a metal plating layer by electroplating, and the material of the metal plating layer is copper.

[0046] Furthermore, regarding the aforementioned radiating section 311a and radiator 310, please refer to... Figures 3 to 6The radiating part 311a and the radiator 310 have the same dielectric constant. This shared dielectric constant gives them similar electrical properties, simplifying and unifying the design of the second radiating element 31. It eliminates the need to consider the coupling and influence between materials with different dielectric constants, effectively reducing the structural complexity of the second radiating element 31, thus simplifying the antenna module 3 and further reducing costs. Furthermore, the shared dielectric constant improves the stability and reliability of the second radiating element 31, avoiding performance fluctuations and instabilities caused by differences in the properties of materials with different dielectric constants. Simultaneously, the shared dielectric constant reduces edge effects, minimizing reflection and scattering, thus improving the efficiency and performance of the second radiating element 31, and consequently, the antenna module 3.

[0047] For further details, please refer to Figures 3 to 6 It also includes a fixing base 4, which has a socket 40. The height of the radiating part 311a is equal to the height of the radiator 310, and the height of the isolating part 311b is greater than the height of the first through hole 12 or the second through hole 13. The socket 40 is used to allow the isolating part 311b to be inserted and fixed when it passes through the first through hole 12 or the second through hole 13.

[0048] In one embodiment, the fixing base 4 is a rectangular fixing base 4, and the shape of the socket 40 is the same as the shape of the first through hole 12 or the second through hole 13. There are several sockets 40, and several sockets 40 correspond one-to-one with several first through holes 12 or several second through holes 13. When the isolation part 311b penetrates the first through hole 12 or the second through hole 13, the part of the isolation part 311b that protrudes from the first through hole 12 or the second through hole 13 is received in the socket 40, thereby further fixing the isolation part 311b, thereby further strengthening the fixing member 311 and improving the overall stability of the second radiation unit 31.

[0049] Furthermore, regarding the aforementioned gap 310a, please refer to... Figure 3 The notch 310a is located in the middle of one side of the radiator 310.

[0050] In one embodiment, the radiator 310 is a regular cuboid or cube, therefore, the radiator 310 has four adjacent side surfaces, and a notch 310a is provided in two opposite side surfaces. The side surface is rectangular, and the notch 310a is located in the middle of the rectangular side surface, i.e., along the vertical central axis of the rectangular side surface. It should be noted that when the radiator 310 is another regular cube or cylinder, the notch 310a is located in the middle of two opposite sides, i.e., on the two vertical central axes of the opposite sides.

[0051] This invention, by moving two second radiating elements 31, changes the first distance and the second distance, thereby altering the coupling between the first radiating element 30 and the two second radiating elements 31, thus adjusting the operating frequency and gain of the antenna module 3. This achieves the purpose of adjusting the antenna operating frequency in a passive manner, effectively simplifying the antenna structure and reducing costs.

[0052] The present invention also provides an embodiment of a communication device, which includes the antenna described above. For the specific structure and function of the antenna, please refer to the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0053] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that, include: A substrate has opposing first and second surfaces, and the substrate has a plurality of first through holes and a plurality of second through holes; A power supply module includes a power supply gap and a feed source. The power supply gap is disposed on the first surface, and the feed source is embedded in the substrate. The feed source is located between the first surface and the second surface. The power supply gap and the feed source are coupled and together form a power supply structure. A plurality of first through holes are spaced apart on one side of the power supply gap, and a plurality of second through holes are spaced apart on the other side of the power supply gap. An antenna module includes a first radiating element and two second radiating elements. The first radiating element and the two second radiating elements are all disposed on a first surface. The first radiating element covers the feed gap. The two second radiating elements are respectively disposed on both sides of the first radiating element. A first distance and a second distance are respectively formed between the two second radiating elements and the first radiating element. The second radiating element includes a radiator and a fixing member. The radiator is disposed on the first surface and has a notch. One end of the fixing member is inserted into the notch, and the other end of the fixing member is used to be inserted into a first through hole or a second through hole. By inserting the other end of the fixing member into different first through holes or second through holes, both second radiating elements can be moved relative to the first radiating element. Both second radiating elements are fed through coupling with the first radiating element.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, One of the second radiation units is inserted into one of the first through holes, and another of the second radiation units is inserted into one of the second through holes; When one of the second radiation units is inserted into one of the first through holes, a first distance is formed between the second radiation unit and the first radiation unit. When another second radiation unit is inserted into one of the second through holes, a second distance is formed between the other second radiation unit and the first radiation unit.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first through holes are spaced at the same intervals, and / or the second through holes are spaced at the same intervals.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fastener includes a radiating part and an insulating part; One end of the radiating part is inserted into the notch, and the other end of the radiating part is connected to the isolation part. The radiating part and the radiating body together form the second radiating unit, and the isolation part is inserted into the first through hole or the second through hole.

5. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The radiating part and the radiating body have the same dielectric constant.

6. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a fixing base, which has a socket. The height of the radiating part is equal to the height of the radiator, and the height of the isolation part is greater than the height of the first through hole or the second through hole. The socket is used to allow the isolation part to be inserted and fixed when the isolation part passes through the first through hole or the second through hole.

7. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The notch is located in the middle of one side of the radiator.

8. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first distance and the second distance are the same.

9. A communication device, characterized in that, Including the antenna as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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