A decoupled loop antenna array

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of microwave communication technology and discloses a decoupling loop antenna array, comprising: antenna elements, the number of which is n; and antenna connection parts, the number of which is m, with adjacent antenna elements connected by two antenna connection parts, each antenna connection part including several inductor elements; wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 2; and m is an integer greater than or equal to 1. This invention, through the construction of an embedded decoupling loop, features high integration. The capacitor and inductor elements can adjust the impedance and resonance of the decoupling loop, which is beneficial for optimizing antenna isolation and provides strong adjustability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microwave communication technology, and in particular to a decoupled ring antenna array. Background Technology

[0002] With the promotion and popularization of 5G communication technology, massive MIMO antenna technology has become one of the key technologies for improving transmission rates and reducing communication latency. This requires more antenna elements to be arrayed, thereby achieving massive MIMO and beamforming.

[0003] In traditional array antennas, in order to ensure the isolation between antenna elements and reduce interference between them, the distance between antenna elements must be greater than half a wavelength, making it difficult to achieve integrated and miniaturized array design.

[0004] In order to achieve the integration and miniaturization of array antennas, some scholars have proposed to reduce the distance between antenna elements and improve the isolation by using matching networks and decoupling structures. However, this method of reducing the distance between antenna elements and improving the isolation by using matching networks and decoupling structures can only reduce the distance to a certain extent and still makes it difficult to achieve a high degree of integration of the array.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a highly integrated antenna array is a problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a decoupled ring antenna array, which can significantly improve the isolation between antenna elements and significantly reduce the spacing between antenna elements.

[0007] To provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosed embodiments, a brief summary is given below. This summary is not intended as a general commentary, nor is it intended to identify key / important components or to describe the scope of protection of these embodiments. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simple form as a prelude to the detailed description that follows.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a decoupled ring antenna array is provided.

[0009] In one embodiment, the decoupled loop antenna array includes: antenna elements, the number of which is n; and antenna connection parts, the number of which is m, wherein adjacent antenna elements are connected by two antenna connection parts, each antenna connection part including a plurality of inductive elements, and a decoupling loop is formed between two antenna connection parts; wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 2; and m is an even number greater than or equal to 2.

[0010] In one embodiment, the antenna unit includes: a ground plane, a patch antenna located above the ground plane, and a feed structure, one end of which is connected to an RF port and the other end of which is connected to the patch antenna.

[0011] In one embodiment, the feeding method of the feeding structure is direct feeding. In direct feeding, one end of the feeding structure is connected to the radio frequency port, and the other end of the feeding structure is connected to the patch antenna.

[0012] In one embodiment, the feeding method of the feeding structure is coupled feeding. In coupled feeding, one end of the feeding structure is connected to the radio frequency port, and the other end of the feeding structure is separated from the patch antenna.

[0013] In one embodiment, the antenna connection is composed of an inductor.

[0014] In one embodiment, the antenna connection portion is composed of two or more inductive elements connected end to end.

[0015] In one embodiment, the antenna connection portion further includes a capacitor element connected between two adjacent antenna elements and located at the center of the line connecting the two antenna connections portions.

[0016] In one embodiment, the shape of the antenna element includes: rectangular, elongated, circular, and / or triangular.

[0017] In one embodiment, the inductive components of the inductor include: chip inductors, chip resistors, wires, and / or coils.

[0018] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention may include the following beneficial effects:

[0019] This invention significantly reduces the spacing between antenna elements and the size of the antenna array by using inductive components to interconnect the antenna elements. The inductive connection method offers adjustability and reconfigurability, allowing for the construction of antenna arrays with different functions. Simultaneously, the constructed embedded decoupling loop features high integration. Capacitive and inductive components can adjust the impedance and resonance of the decoupling loop, which is beneficial for optimizing antenna isolation and provides strong adjustability.

[0020] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an elongated antenna element according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rectangular antenna element according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a triangular antenna element according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding method of an antenna element feeding structure according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding method of an antenna element feeding structure according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a rectangular decoupled loop dual-antenna array according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a rectangular decoupled loop dual-antenna array according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a rectangular decoupled loop dual antenna array having inductive and capacitive elements, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a simulated S-parameter diagram of a rectangular decoupled loop dual-antenna array according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0031] Figure label:

[0032] 1. Antenna element; 100. Ground plane; 101. Patch antenna; 102. Feed structure; 2. Antenna connection part; 3. Capacitor element; 4. Inductor element. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The following description and accompanying drawings fully illustrate specific embodiments described herein to enable those skilled in the art to practice them. Some embodiments may include or substitute parts and features of other embodiments. The scope of the embodiments herein encompasses the entire scope of the claims and all available equivalents thereof. Throughout this document, the terms “first,” “second,” etc., are used only to distinguish one element from another without requiring or implying any actual relationship or order between the elements. Indeed, a first element can also be referred to as a second element, and vice versa. Furthermore, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a structure, apparatus, or device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a structure, apparatus, or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase “comprising one…” does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the structure, apparatus, or device that includes said element. The various embodiments described herein are presented in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments; similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably.

[0034] The terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer" used in this document to indicate orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used solely for the convenience of describing the document and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. In the description herein, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two elements; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] In this document, unless otherwise stated, the term "multiple" means two or more.

[0036] In this article, the character " / " indicates that the objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B means: A or B.

[0037] In this article, the term "and / or" describes an association between objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B means: A or B, or A and B.

[0038] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowchart are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order constraint on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the diagram may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0039] The modules in the apparatus or system of this application can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in a computer device in hardware form, or stored in the memory of a computer device in software form, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to each module.

[0040] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0041] Figure 1-3 An embodiment of the antenna element of the present invention is shown. In this alternative embodiment, the antenna element includes: a ground plane 100, a patch antenna 101 located above the ground plane 100; and a feed structure 102, one end of which is connected to an RF port and the other end of which is connected to the patch antenna 101.

[0042] like Figure 4-5 As shown, the feeding structure 102 can be fed in a direct feeding manner, in which one end of the feeding structure 102 is connected to the radio frequency port and the other end of the feeding structure 102 is connected to the patch antenna 101; or it can be fed in a coupled feeding manner, in which one end of the feeding structure 102 is connected to the radio frequency port and a gap is left between the other end of the feeding structure 102 and the patch antenna 101.

[0043] Figure 6-8 Several embodiments of the antenna array of the present invention are shown. In the present invention, the antenna array includes antenna elements 1, the number of which is n; antenna connection parts 2, the number of which is m, and adjacent antenna elements 1 are connected by two antenna connection parts 2. The antenna connection parts 2 include a plurality of inductor elements 4; wherein, n is an integer greater than or equal to 2; and m is an even number greater than or equal to 2.

[0044] In one embodiment, to achieve high integration, optimize antenna isolation, and enhance antenna tunability, it is also possible to... Figure 6-8 As shown, two adjacent antenna elements 1 are connected by two symmetrically arranged antenna connection parts 2, forming a decoupling loop between the two antenna connection parts 2, and each antenna connection part 2 is composed of an inductor element 4. Alternatively, two adjacent antenna elements 1 can be connected by two symmetrically arranged antenna connection parts 2, forming a decoupling loop between the two antenna connection parts 2, and each antenna connection part 2 can be composed of two or more inductor elements 4 connected end-to-end. Additionally, a capacitor element 3 can be connected between two adjacent antenna elements 1 at the center of the line connecting the two antenna connection parts 2.

[0045] Specifically, Figure 6 The structure of a rectangular decoupling ring dual-antenna array is shown. This array includes two antenna elements 1 and two antenna connection parts 2. The two antenna elements 1 are rectangular and arranged parallel to each other, forming a 1×2 antenna array. The opposite corners of the two antenna elements 1 are connected by the antenna connection parts 2. This connection introduces a decoupling ring (shown as a dotted line in the figure) composed of inductor elements 4 between the two antenna elements 1. The impedance and resonance characteristics of this decoupling ring can be adjusted by the inductance value or equivalent inductance value of the two inductor elements 4, thereby changing the coupling between the two antenna elements 1 and achieving decoupling. The size and impedance characteristics of the decoupling ring can also be adjusted by changing the connection position of the two inductor elements 4. This method is simple, effective, and highly adjustable. By introducing an embedded decoupling ring, the distance between antenna elements is greatly shortened, which is beneficial for antenna integration.

[0046] Figure 7 Another structure of a rectangular decoupling loop dual antenna array is shown. In this structure, both inductor elements 4 are made of wires. The equivalent inductance of the two inductor elements 4 is adjusted by adjusting the size of the wires, thereby achieving impedance adjustment of the decoupling loop to meet different application scenarios.

[0047] Figure 8 The structure of a rectangular decoupled loop dual antenna array with inductors and capacitors is shown. In this structure, the decoupled loop dual antenna array includes two antenna elements 1, two inductors 4, and one capacitor 3. The capacitor 3 is connected in the middle of the two antenna elements 1.

[0048] In use, the impedance characteristics of the decoupling ring formed by the two inductor elements 4 can be adjusted not only by the inductance value or equivalent inductance value of the two inductor elements 4, but also by the capacitance value or equivalent capacitance value of the capacitor element 3. This not only improves the flexibility of debugging, but also helps to reduce the heat loss caused by the inductor elements and improve the antenna performance.

[0049] Figure 9The simulated S-parameters of a rectangular decoupling ring dual-antenna array are shown. In this figure, curve 6a represents the reflection coefficient generated by the first antenna element and the second antenna element, and represents the resonance and operating frequency of the antenna. Curve 6b represents the transmission coefficient between the two antenna elements and represents the isolation between the antenna ports. It can be seen that the isolation between the antenna elements is higher than 15dB. Therefore, this invention has advantages such as compact structure, high isolation, adjustability and versatility, and is suitable for antenna array requirements. It can form a highly integrated large-scale antenna array.

[0050] In addition, in practical applications, the miniaturization and diversification of antennas can be achieved by using methods such as slotting, chamfering, and bending.

[0051] Therefore, this invention significantly reduces the spacing between antenna elements and the size of the antenna array by using inductive components to interconnect the antenna elements. Furthermore, the inductive connection method offers adjustability and reconfigurability, allowing for the construction of antenna arrays with different functions. Simultaneously, the constructed embedded decoupling loop exhibits high integration. The capacitors and inductors can adjust the impedance and resonance of the decoupling loop, which is beneficial for optimizing antenna isolation and provides strong adjustability.

[0052] This invention is not limited to the structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A decoupled ring antenna array, characterized by, include: Antenna elements, wherein the number of antenna elements is n; The antenna connection section comprises m antenna connection sections, with adjacent antenna elements connected by two antenna connection sections. Each antenna connection section includes several inductor elements, and a decoupling loop is formed between two antenna connection sections. The two antenna connection sections between adjacent antenna elements are symmetrically arranged. Each antenna connection section is composed of one inductor element, or two or more inductor elements connected end-to-end. In addition, each antenna connection section also includes a capacitor element, which is connected between adjacent antenna elements and located at the center of the line connecting the two antenna connection sections. Where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2; m is an even number greater than or equal to 2.

2. A decoupled ring antenna array according to claim 1, wherein, The antenna element includes: Flooring The patch antenna is located above the ground plane; A power feeding structure, one end of which is connected to the radio frequency port and the other end of which is connected to the patch antenna.

3. A decoupled ring antenna array according to claim 2, wherein, The feeding method of the feeding structure is direct feeding. In direct feeding, one end of the feeding structure is connected to the radio frequency port, and the other end of the feeding structure is connected to the patch antenna.

4. The decoupled ring antenna array of claim 2, wherein, The feeding method of the feeding structure is coupled feeding. In coupled feeding, one end of the feeding structure is connected to the radio frequency port, and the other end of the feeding structure is left with a gap between it and the patch antenna.

5. The decoupled ring antenna array of claim 1, wherein, The shape of the antenna element includes: rectangular, strip-shaped, circular, and / or triangular.

6. The decoupled ring antenna array of claim 1, wherein, The inductive components of the inductor include: chip inductors, chip resistors, wires, and / or coils.

Images