A smart cable based on charging protocol and a connecting line thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a smart cable and its connecting wire based on a charging protocol. The smart cable is connected between a first connecting terminal and a second connecting terminal. The smart cable includes: a voltage conductor for transmitting the power voltage; a first data conductor for transmitting a first protocol signal; a first detection module configured to output a protocol voltage according to a preset first protocol table in response to the first protocol signal; a first reference module configured to output a first clamping voltage in response to the protocol voltage; and a first protection module disposed between the voltage conductors, configured to adjust the power voltage and control the voltage conductors to be on or off in response to the first clamping voltage. Through this method, this invention can adapt in real time to the protection requirements of different output voltages under different charging protocols, effectively protecting the backend equipment and achieving a restart without power loss while protecting the backend equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of charging protocols, and in particular to a smart cable based on a charging protocol and its connecting wire. Background Technology

[0002] Universal Serial Bus (USB) is a serial bus standard for connecting computer systems to external devices. It is also a technical specification for input / output interfaces and is widely used in information and communication products such as personal computers and mobile devices. It has also been extended to other related fields such as photographic equipment, digital televisions (set-top boxes), and game consoles.

[0003] Traditional USB is a commonly used interface with only four wires: two for power and two for signal transmission. The signal is transmitted serially, achieving speeds up to 480Mbps. It can meet various industrial and consumer needs. However, the maximum output voltage and current of a traditional USB interface are 5V 1.5A. With mobile devices demanding increasingly stringent requirements for transmission speed, charging power, and interface size, the next-generation USB interface, USB Type-C, emerged. USB Type-C, or Type-C for short, is a hardware interface specification for Universal Serial Bus (USB). The highlights of the new interface are a thinner design, faster transmission speeds (up to 80Gbps), and more powerful power delivery (up to 240W). Type-C supports reversible insertion, officially solving the global problem of "USB never being plugged in correctly," allowing insertion in either direction.

[0004] Meanwhile, to adapt to the increasing charging power demands of devices, both the charger and the device are gradually increasing the charging power, including the charging voltage and current. The USB Power Delivery (PD) protocol specifies support for a maximum output power of 240W, corresponding to USB cables capable of carrying 3A or 5A current, with a maximum output voltage of 48V. The interface also defines a dedicated channel for power transmission protocol communication, enabling intelligent adaptive charging adjustment between the charging and receiving devices, improving charging efficiency. The USB PD protocol specifies that the distinction between 3A and 5A USB cables lies in whether an electronic tag chip is built into the USB cable. Only when the charger identifies this chip will it broadcast a charging current greater than 3A to the device.

[0005] Besides the USB PD protocol, many device manufacturers have also developed their own charging methods that differ from USB PD. For example, they use USB 2's D+, D- lines, or other leads to send pre-defined signals, allowing the other party to identify the required voltage and current. However, in practical applications, many hosts do not strictly adhere to the specifications of various charging protocols or may malfunction. In cases where a handshake communication with the device fails, an unexpected voltage and current may be output, posing a significant safety hazard to the device. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, one technical solution adopted in this invention is: providing a smart cable based on a charging protocol, wherein the smart cable is connected between a first connection terminal and a second connection terminal, and when the power voltage can only be input from the first connection terminal, the smart cable includes: a voltage conductor for transmitting the power voltage; a first data conductor for transmitting a first protocol signal; a first detection module configured to output a protocol voltage according to a preset first protocol table in response to the first protocol signal; a first reference module configured to output a first clamping voltage in response to the protocol voltage; and a first protection module disposed between the voltage conductors and configured to adjust the power voltage and control the voltage conductors to be on or off in response to the first clamping voltage.

[0007] In some embodiments, the smart cable further includes: a second data conductor for transmitting a second protocol signal; and the first detection module is configured to output a protocol voltage according to a preset second protocol table in response to the second protocol signal.

[0008] In some embodiments, when the power voltage can be input from the first connection terminal or the second connection terminal, the smart cable further includes: a second detection module configured to output a protocol voltage according to the first protocol table or the second protocol table in response to the first protocol signal or the second protocol signal; a second reference module configured to output a second clamping voltage in response to the protocol voltage; and a second protection module disposed between the voltage conductors, located between the first protection module and the second connection terminal, configured to adjust the power voltage and control the voltage conductors to be turned on or off in response to the second clamping voltage.

[0009] In some embodiments, the smart cable further includes a temperature detection module configured to output a control signal to the first protection module in response to the temperature of the voltage conductor, so as to control the voltage conductor to be turned on or off.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first protection module includes an arithmetic unit and a control unit, wherein the arithmetic unit is configured to output a first control voltage in response to the first clamping voltage; and the control unit is configured to adjust the power voltage and control the voltage conductor to be turned on or off in response to the first control voltage.

[0011] In some embodiments, the control unit is a first switching transistor, the source of which is connected to a voltage line on the first connection terminal side; the drain of which is connected to a voltage line on the second connection terminal side; and the gate of which is connected to the output terminal of the arithmetic unit.

[0012] In some embodiments, the operational unit is a first operational amplifier, the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the drain of the first switching transistor; the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the output terminal of the first reference module; the positive power supply terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the source of the first switching transistor, and the negative power supply terminal of the first operational amplifier is grounded; the output terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the gate of the first switching transistor.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first detection module includes a first monitoring unit and a second monitoring unit, and the protocol voltage includes a first protocol voltage and a second protocol voltage. The first monitoring unit is configured to monitor the first protocol signal and output the first protocol voltage according to the first protocol table in response to the first protocol signal. The second monitoring unit is configured to monitor the second protocol signal and output the second protocol voltage according to the second protocol table in response to the second protocol signal.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first monitoring unit includes a first DC monitoring unit and a first protocol monitoring unit, the first protocol table includes a first standard protocol table and a first fast charging protocol table, and the first protocol voltage includes a first standard protocol voltage and a first fast charging protocol voltage. The first DC monitoring unit is configured to output the first standard protocol voltage according to the first standard protocol table in response to the protocol signal level of the first protocol signal; the first protocol monitoring unit is configured to output the first fast charging protocol voltage according to the first fast charging protocol table in response to the signal parsing result of the first protocol signal.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first protocol monitoring unit includes a first comparator and a first signal decoder, wherein the positive input terminal of the first comparator is connected to the side of the first data line near the first connection terminal; the output terminal of the first comparator is connected to the signal input terminal of the first signal decoder; and the output terminal of the first signal decoder is connected to the first signal input terminal of the first reference module.

[0016] In some embodiments, the second monitoring unit includes a second DC monitoring unit and a second protocol monitoring unit, the second protocol table includes a second standard protocol table and a second fast charging protocol table, and the second protocol voltage includes a second standard protocol voltage and a second fast charging protocol voltage. The second DC monitoring unit is configured to output the second standard protocol voltage according to the second standard protocol table in response to the protocol signal level of the second protocol signal; the second protocol monitoring unit is configured to output the second fast charging protocol voltage according to the second fast charging protocol table in response to the signal parsing result of the second protocol signal.

[0017] In some embodiments, the second protocol monitoring unit includes a second comparator, a third comparator, and a second signal decoder. The second data line includes a second positive data line and a second negative data line. The positive input terminal of the second comparator is connected to the side of the second positive data line near the first connection terminal. The output terminal of the second comparator is connected to the first signal input terminal of the second signal decoder. The positive input terminal of the second comparator is connected to the side of the second negative data line near the first connection terminal. The output terminal of the second comparator is connected to the second signal input terminal of the second signal decoder. The output terminal of the second signal decoder is connected to the second signal input terminal of the first reference module.

[0018] In some embodiments, the first reference module includes a comparison unit and a calculation unit, wherein the comparison unit is configured to receive the protocol voltage and output a reference voltage to the calculation unit, the reference voltage being the maximum value among the protocol voltages; and the calculation unit is configured to output a first clamping voltage in response to the reference voltage.

[0019] In some embodiments, the calculation unit calculates the first clamping voltage based on the reference voltage using the following formula:

[0020] V tgt ＝V ref ×k ,or

[0021] V tgt ＝V ref +V ofst,

[0022] in, V tgt is the first clamping voltage. V ref is the reference voltage. k The multiplication constant is a preset value. V ofst is a preset addition constant.

[0023] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted in the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a connection cable based on a charging protocol, the connection cable including: a first connection terminal and a second connection terminal for connecting an external interface, and a smart cable based on a charging protocol as described above, the smart cable being connected between the first connection terminal and the second connection terminal.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Unlike existing technologies, this invention can dynamically adjust the clamping voltage of the clamping power transistor, adapting in real time to the protection requirements of different output voltages under different charging protocols, thus effectively protecting the downstream equipment. Furthermore, this solution employs a voltage clamping method instead of directly disconnecting the charging voltage, enabling the entire system to restart without power loss when encountering a short-term overvoltage fault, while protecting the downstream equipment and improving the user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a common USB cable.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a USB connector cable with identification function;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a USB cable with temperature control function.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a resistance-temperature characteristic curve of a PTC resistor used for temperature control.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first type of smart cable provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second type of smart cable provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the third type of smart cable provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first protection module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9It is a graph showing the power voltage before and after passing the first protection module;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first detection module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first DC monitoring unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of another first DC monitoring unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first protocol monitoring unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second DC monitoring unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of another second DC monitoring unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second protocol monitoring unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first reference module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bidirectional smart cable provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a connecting line provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0044] In existing technical solutions, USB cables are typically straight-through cables; please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 , Figure 1The diagram shows the structure of a common USB cable. The VBUS power pins at the USB male / female connectors on both ends are directly connected via a single cable. The ground loop (GND) is connected in the same way. When the charger and device are connected together using this type of USB cable, the VBUS and GND power pins on the charger are directly connected to the device being charged. Different charging cables may use different internal communication cables. Some designs use the CC lead as a configuration line in Type-C, which can be used to establish a Type-C connection and perform USB PD protocol communication; some designs use the D+ and D- leads for signal negotiation to determine the charging protocol; and some designs combine both.

[0045] In some cables that need to carry current greater than 3A, there may also be an electronic tag chip used to store information such as the cable's current-carrying capacity. For example... Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a USB cable with identification function is shown.

[0046] This electronic tag chip is the identification chip specified in the protocol. It can reply to the host with specified information, such as manufacturer, current capacity, and voltage rating, via designated commands from USB PD. The host can then perform further processing based on the information replied by the electronic tag chip.

[0047] In addition to its identification function, this electronic tag chip may monitor its temperature and, upon over-temperature protection, modify the electrical properties of the CC pin to ultimately enable identification by the connected system. The CC pin is a dedicated channel configuration and communication signal in Type-C. VCONN1 or VCONN2 can provide operating power to the chip.

[0048] In addition, there is a USB cable with temperature control function, the structural diagram of which is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, with Figure 1 The commonly used USB cable shown is the same, and it also uses a CC or D+, D- cable direct connection for charging mode negotiation. The difference is that... Figure 3 The USB cable shown also includes a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) thermistor connected in series in the VBUS path. This resistor has very low impedance at low temperatures; however, as the temperature rises, especially when the actual temperature exceeds its Curie temperature, its equivalent impedance increases significantly, effectively blocking the circuit. The resistance-temperature characteristic of this PTC resistor is as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0049] It is not difficult to see that the existing solutions only address abnormal temperatures in the circuit to the greatest extent possible. They cannot provide protection when the host outputs an unexpected voltage and current (for example, the host outputs a 20V voltage due to a program malfunction, while its externally connected device is 5V), which poses a significant safety hazard to the device being charged.

[0050] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a smart cable based on a charging protocol, the structural diagram of which is shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the smart cable is connected between the first and second connection terminals. In this embodiment, both the first and second connection terminals are USB male connectors, and the hardware interface specification is USB Type-C as an example. It should be noted that the first and second connection terminals are not limited to USB male connectors; other types of connection terminals can be used in other application scenarios. Using other connection terminals to implement the smart cable described in this application is also within the scope of protection of this application.

[0051] In this embodiment, for a directional smart cable, that is, when the power voltage can only be input from one end and output from the other end, such as when the power voltage can only be input from the first connection terminal and output from the second connection terminal, the smart cable includes a first detection module 100, a first reference module 200, a first protection module 300, a voltage conductor 400, a first data conductor 500, and a ground wire 600.

[0052] Among them, voltage conductor 400 is used to transmit power voltage, namely the power line VBUS and ground line GND in the commonly used USB connector cable.

[0053] The first data conductor 500 is used to transmit the first protocol signal. In this embodiment, the connection line formed by the first connection terminal, the second connection terminal, and the smart cable establishes a USB Type-C connection. In the USB Type-C specification, there are multiple communication cables, and different communication cables may be used for different connection lines. In this embodiment, the communication cable (i.e., the first data conductor 500) is a CC cable, and the first protocol signal is a CC signal.

[0054] The CC cable is a communication cable in USB Type-C used to transmit CC signals. The CC cable is DC coupled and rated at 0-1.125V. The CC signal uses BMC (Bi-phase Mark Coding) encoding, and the encoding rules for the CC signal are as follows:

[0055] 1. A single phase change represents 0, and two phase changes represent 1;

[0056] 2. It adopts 4b / 5b encoding, with a transmission rate of 300Kbps and half-duplex mode.

[0057] The first detection module 100 is configured to output a protocol voltage according to a preset first protocol table in response to a first protocol signal. The signal input terminal of the first detection module 100 is connected to the first data line 500, and the signal output terminal of the first detection module 100 is connected to the signal input terminal of the first reference module 200.

[0058] Different devices may use different charging protocols. Even for the same charging protocol, the electrical signals used for signal transmission may differ. The first detection module 100 is used to detect the first protocol signal in the first data wire 500 to determine the current charging protocol status.

[0059] The first reference module 200 is configured to output a first clamping voltage in response to the protocol voltage, and the signal output terminal of the first reference module 200 is connected to the signal input terminal of the first protection module 300.

[0060] The first protection module 300 is disposed between the voltage conductors 400, that is, the first protection module 300 divides the voltage conductor 400 into two segments and connects between the two segments of the voltage conductor 400 to provide a connection for conduction. The first protection module 300 is configured to adjust the power voltage and control the voltage conductors to conduct or disconnect in response to the first clamping voltage.

[0061] Specifically, the first detection module 100 monitors the handshake of the charging protocol between the host and the slave device in real time. After judging the handshake protocol between the two parties in real time, it outputs the protocol result to the first reference module 200. The first reference module 200 outputs a reference voltage to the first protection module 300 based on the judged protocol result. This enables the first protection module 300 to dynamically adjust its internal overvoltage reference point. When the host device experiences an unexpected fault or a short-term voltage overshoot, it clamps the output to the voltage specified by the protocol used by the device, preventing overvoltage at the device end and allowing the device to continue operating.

[0062] During the above description, it is known that for the same charging protocol, the electrical signals used for signal transmission may be different. Therefore, in some embodiments, a second type of smart cable is also provided, the structural diagram of which is shown below. Figure 6 As shown above, in the above Figure 5 Based on the smart cable shown, the smart cable in this embodiment further includes a second data conductor 700, which is used to transmit a second protocol signal. In this embodiment, the second data conductor 700 is a CC cable, and the second protocol signal is a DPDM signal.

[0063] The DPDM cable is a communication cable in USB Type-C used to transmit DPDM signals. DPDM signals use DPDM encoding.

[0064] It should be noted that DPDM lines include positive data lines (i.e., D+ lines) and negative data lines (i.e., D- lines).

[0065] In this embodiment, the first detection module 100 is further configured to respond to the second protocol signal and output a protocol voltage according to a preset second protocol table. The signal input terminal of the first detection module 100 is also connected to the second data line 700.

[0066] Furthermore, over-temperature protection can also be achieved by adding a temperature detection module to the smart cable. Based on this, this invention proposes a smart cable capable of over-temperature protection, the structural diagram of which is shown below. Figure 7 As shown above, in the above Figure 5 or Figure 6 Based on the smart cable shown, the smart cable in this embodiment also includes a temperature detection module 800.

[0067] The input terminal of the temperature detection module 800 is connected to the voltage conductor 400, and its signal output terminal is connected to the first protection module 300. The temperature detection module 800 monitors the temperature of the voltage conductor 400 in real time, and when the temperature of the voltage conductor 400 exceeds a preset temperature threshold, it outputs an alarm signal to the first protection module 300, causing the first protection module 300 to shut down quickly, thereby disconnecting the power transmission of the voltage conductor 400.

[0068] Unlike existing technologies, the embodiments of this invention can dynamically adjust the clamping voltage of the clamping power transistor, adapting in real time to the protection requirements of different output voltages under different charging protocols, thus effectively protecting the downstream equipment. Furthermore, this solution employs a voltage clamping method, rather than directly disconnecting the charging voltage, enabling the entire system to restart without power loss when encountering a short-term overvoltage fault, while protecting the downstream equipment and improving the user experience.

[0069] In the above-described embodiment of the smart cable, the structural schematic diagram of the first protection module 300 is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the first protection module 300 includes a processing unit 320 and a control unit 310, wherein...

[0070] The arithmetic unit 320 is configured to output a first control voltage in response to the first clamping voltage.

[0071] The control unit 310 is configured to adjust the power voltage and control the voltage conductor to be turned on or off in response to the first control voltage.

[0072] In this embodiment of the application, the operation unit 320 adopts a first operational amplifier U1, and the control unit 310 adopts a first switching transistor Q1. The positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected to the drain of the first switching transistor, the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected to the drain of the first switching transistor Q1, the positive power supply terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected to the source of the first switching transistor Q1, and the negative power supply terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 is grounded.

[0073] The output of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected to the gate of the first switching transistor Q1, the drain of the first switching transistor Q1 is connected to the voltage wire on the second connection terminal side, and the gate of the first switching transistor Q1 is connected to the output of the operational unit.

[0074] In this embodiment, the first switch Q1 is a P-channel MOSFET. The first switch Q1 can also be an N-channel MOSFET; there is no limitation on the type of the first switch Q1.

[0075] The first operational amplifier U1 is powered by voltage line 400. When the first operational amplifier U1 is working normally, both the input voltage BVBUSA and the output voltage VBUSB of the voltage line are less than the first clamping voltage Vtgt. The first control voltage output by the first operational amplifier U1 is low, and the first switch Q1 remains in the on state. When BVBUSA rises, causing VBUSB to reach the first clamping voltage Vtgt, the output of the first operational amplifier U1 will become BVBUSA. At this time, the first switch Q1 will tend to clamp, suppressing the VBUSB voltage from rising further.

[0076] If the BVBUSA voltage remains higher than the first clamping voltage Vtgt, the first switch Q1 will always be in the clamped state. Once BVBUSA falls back below the first clamping voltage Vtgt, the first switch Q1 will return to the fully conducting state. Figure 9 The diagram shows the VBUSB output after the BVBUSA voltage exceeds 13V when the first clamping voltage Vtgt = 13V. The VBUSB output results show that the VBUSB level is consistently clamped at 13V, preventing connected devices from being threatened by high voltage and effectively protecting the charging equipment.

[0077] It should be noted that the inverting input terminal and the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 can also be connected to another operational amplifier to scale the first clamping voltage Vtgt and the voltage output voltage VBUSB of the voltage line proportionally before inputting them into the first operational amplifier U1.

[0078] In the above-described embodiment of the smart cable, the structural schematic diagram of the first detection module 100 is as follows: Figure 10As shown, the first detection module 100 includes a first monitoring unit 110 and a second monitoring unit 120, and the protocol voltage output by the first detection module 100 includes a first protocol voltage and a second protocol voltage, wherein,

[0079] The first monitoring unit 110 is used to monitor the first protocol signal and is configured to output a first protocol voltage according to the first protocol table in response to the first protocol signal.

[0080] In this embodiment, the first monitoring unit 110 is a CC signal monitoring module. The CC signal is a protocol handshake signal unique to the Type-C interface. When the cable uses this signal to perform protocol handshake, the first monitoring unit 110 monitors and parses the CC signal.

[0081] In some embodiments, the first monitoring unit 110 includes a first DC monitoring unit 111 and a first protocol monitoring unit 112, the first protocol table includes a first standard protocol table and a first fast charging protocol table, and the first protocol voltage includes a first standard protocol voltage and a first fast charging protocol voltage, wherein,

[0082] The first DC monitoring unit 111 is configured to output a first standard protocol voltage in response to the protocol signal level of the first protocol signal according to the first standard protocol table.

[0083] Specifically, the first DC monitoring unit 111 monitors and detects the DC level signal on the CC signal, compares the DC level of the CC signal with the preset CC reference voltage VCC1, and then further determines the charging protocol status through the first standard protocol table. According to the USB Type-C charging protocol, when the CC DC level is in different ranges, the protocol judgment result can be obtained in sequence. The first standard protocol table is as follows.

[0084] CC DC level Protocol judgment result Less than VCC1 5V connection status Greater than VCC1 Disconnected status

[0085] That is, when the DC level of CC is less than the reference voltage VCC1, the first protocol standard voltage output by the first DC monitoring unit 111 is 5V; when the DC level of CC is greater than the reference voltage VCC1, the first protocol standard voltage output by the first DC monitoring unit 111 is 0.

[0086] In this embodiment, the first DC monitoring unit 111 has two implementations, one of which uses a comparator, such as... Figure 11 As shown, the first DC monitoring unit 111 is composed of a comparator M4. The first protocol signal (i.e., the CC signal) is input to the positive input terminal of the comparator M4, the negative input terminal of the comparator M4 is supplied with a comparison voltage (i.e., the CC reference voltage VCC1), and the output terminal of the comparator M4 outputs the first protocol standard voltage.

[0087] Another implementation method is to use an analog-to-digital converter, such as... Figure 12 As shown, the first DC monitoring unit 111 is composed of an analog-to-digital converter M5. The first protocol signal (i.e., the CC signal) is input from the input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter M5, and the first protocol standard voltage is output from the output terminal of the analog-to-digital converter M5.

[0088] The first protocol monitoring unit 112 is configured to output the first fast charging protocol voltage according to the first fast charging protocol table in response to the signal parsing result of the first protocol signal.

[0089] In this embodiment, the structural schematic diagram of the first protocol monitoring unit 112 is as follows: Figure 13 As shown, the first protocol monitoring unit 112 includes a first comparator 1122 and a first signal decoder 1121, wherein,

[0090] The positive input terminal of the first comparator 1122 is connected to the side of the first data line 500 near the first connection terminal, and the output terminal of the first comparator 1122 is connected to the signal input terminal of the first signal decoder 1121. The output terminal of the first signal decoder 1121 is connected to the first signal input terminal of the first reference module 200. In this embodiment, it is known that the CC signal uses BMC encoding, therefore the first signal decoder 1121 is a BMC decoder.

[0091] The following is an example of how the first protocol monitoring unit 112 implements BMC monitoring:

[0092] The BMC signal in the CC signal will be parsed by the first signal decoder 1121. If there is a protocol negotiation result that meets the USB PD protocol in the parsed BMC signal sequence, the first fast charging protocol voltage (i.e., the signal parsing result) will be output according to the first fast charging protocol table. The first fast charging protocol table is as follows.

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] The second monitoring unit 120 is used to monitor the second protocol signal and is configured to output a second protocol voltage according to the second protocol table in response to the second protocol signal.

[0096] In this embodiment, the second monitoring unit 120 is a DPDM signal monitoring module. The D+ signal and the D- signal can be protocol handshake signals in the USB Type-C interface or protocol handshake signals in the USB A interface. When the cable uses this pair of signals for protocol handshake, the second monitoring unit 120 monitors and parses the D+ signal and the D- signal.

[0097] In some embodiments, the second monitoring unit 120 includes a second DC monitoring unit 121 and a second protocol monitoring unit 122, the second protocol table includes a second standard protocol table and a second fast charging protocol table, and the second protocol voltage includes a second standard protocol voltage and a second fast charging protocol voltage, wherein...

[0098] The first DC monitoring unit 111 is configured to output a first standard protocol voltage in response to the protocol signal level of the first protocol signal according to the first standard protocol table.

[0099] Specifically, the second DC monitoring unit 121 monitors and detects the DC level signals on the D+ and D- signals, and compares the DC levels of the D+ and D- signals with the preset D+ reference voltages VDP1 and VDP2 and D- reference voltages VDM1 and VDM2, respectively. Then, it further determines the charging protocol status through the second standard protocol table. According to the DPDM charging protocol, when the D+ DC level and D- signal level are in different ranges, the protocol judgment result can be judged in sequence. The second standard protocol table is as follows.

[0100]

[0101]

[0102] In this embodiment, the second DC monitoring unit 121 has two implementations, one of which uses a comparator, such as... Figure 14 As shown, the first DC monitoring unit 111 includes comparators M6, M7, M8, and M9. The D+ signal is input from the positive input terminals of comparators M6 and M7, respectively. A comparison voltage VDP1 is introduced to the negative input terminal of comparator M6, and a comparison voltage VDP2 is introduced to the negative input terminal of comparator M7. The D- signal is input from the positive input terminals of comparators M8 and M9, respectively. A comparison voltage VDM1 is introduced to the negative input terminal of comparator M8, and a comparison voltage VDM2 is introduced to the negative input terminal of comparator M9.

[0103] Another implementation method is to use an analog-to-digital converter, such as... Figure 15 As shown, the second DC monitoring unit 121 includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) M10 and an ADC M11. The D+ signal is input from the input terminals of the ADC M10 and the ADC M11, respectively.

[0104] The second protocol monitoring unit 122 is configured to output the second fast charging protocol voltage according to the second fast charging protocol table in response to the signal parsing result of the second protocol signal.

[0105] In this embodiment, the structural schematic diagram of the second protocol monitoring unit 122 is as follows: Figure 16As shown, the second protocol monitoring unit 122 includes a second comparator 1222, a third comparator 1223, and a second signal decoder 1221, wherein,

[0106] The positive input terminal of the second comparator 1222 is connected to the positive data line of the second data line 600 near the first connection terminal, and the positive input terminal of the third comparator 1223 is connected to the negative data line of the second data line 600 near the first connection terminal.

[0107] A preset comparison voltage VDP3 is introduced into the negative input terminal of the second comparator 1222, and a preset comparison voltage VDM3 is introduced into the negative input terminal of the third comparator 1223.

[0108] The outputs of the second comparator 1222 and the third comparator 1223 are both connected to the signal input of the second signal decoder 1221, and the output of the second signal decoder 1221 is connected to the second signal input of the first reference module 200. In this embodiment, the second signal decoder 1221 is a DPDM decoder.

[0109] The D+ and D- signals will be parsed by the second signal decoder 1221. If there is a protocol negotiation result that meets the DPDM protocol agreement in the parsed DPDM signal sequence, the second fast charging protocol voltage (i.e., the signal parsing result) will be output according to the second fast charging protocol table. The second fast charging protocol table is as follows.

[0110]

[0111] In this embodiment, the structural schematic diagram of the first reference module 200 is as follows: Figure 17 As shown, the first reference module 200 includes a comparison unit 210 and a calculation unit 220, wherein,

[0112] Comparison unit 210 is configured to receive a protocol voltage and output a reference voltage Vref to the calculation unit 220. The calculation unit 220 is configured to output a first clamping voltage Vtgt in response to the reference voltage Vref.

[0113] In this embodiment, the reference voltage Vref is the maximum value among the protocol voltages.

[0114] The calculation unit 220 calculates the first clamping voltage Vtgt based on the reference voltage Vref using the following formula:

[0115] V tgt ＝V ref ×k ,or

[0116] V tgt ＝Vref +V ofst,

[0117] in, k The multiplication constant is a preset value. V ofst is a preset addition constant.

[0118] That is, the calculation unit 220 can obtain the first clamping voltage Vtgt by multiplying the reference voltage Vref by a preset multiplication constant k, or by adding a preset addition constant Vofst to the reference voltage Vref.

[0119] In this embodiment, the multiplication constant k and the addition constant Vofst are both preset constants. In other embodiments, the control logic module can also dynamically adjust them according to preset conditions, such as different signal analysis results.

[0120] In addition, before the first detection module 100 outputs a valid protocol voltage, the first reference module 200 can output a preset fixed voltage as Vtgt.

[0121] All the above embodiments are based on directional smart cables. This application also provides a bidirectional smart cable, where power voltage can be input from both the first and second connection terminals, as shown in the schematic diagram below. Figure 18 As shown. The smart cable includes a first detection module 100, a first reference module 200, a first protection module 300, a voltage conductor 400, a first data conductor 500, a ground wire 600, a second detection module 900, a second reference module 1000, and a second protection module 1100.

[0122] The second detection module 900 is the same as the first detection module 100, the second reference module 1000 is the same as the first reference module 200, and the second protection module 1100 is the same as the first protection module 300. The specific connection relationship between the second detection module 900, the second reference module 1000, and the second protection module 1100 is mirror-symmetrical to that of the first detection module 100, the first reference module 200, and the first protection module 300, and will not be described in detail here.

[0123] Based on any of the smart cables described in the above embodiments, this application also provides a connecting cable, the structural diagram of which is shown below. Figure 19 As shown, the connecting cable includes a first connecting terminal 20, a second connecting terminal 30, and a smart cable 10, wherein...

[0124] Both the first connection terminal 20 and the second connection terminal 30 are used to connect to external interfaces. In this embodiment, both the first connection terminal 20 and the second connection terminal 30 are USB male connectors.

[0125] The intelligent cable 10 is connected between the first connection terminal 20 and the second connection terminal 30. The beneficial effects of this embodiment are: unlike existing technologies, this embodiment can dynamically adjust the clamping voltage of the clamping power transistor, adapting in real time to the protection requirements of different output voltages under different charging protocols, thus effectively protecting the downstream equipment. Simultaneously, this solution employs a voltage clamping method, rather than directly disconnecting the charging voltage, enabling the entire system to restart without power loss when encountering a short-term overvoltage fault, while protecting the downstream equipment, thus improving the user experience.

[0126] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart cable based on a charging protocol, the smart cable being connected between a first connection terminal and a second connection terminal, wherein when the power voltage can only be input from the first connection terminal, it is characterized in that, include: Voltage conductors used to transmit the power voltage; First data wire used for transmitting first protocol signals; A first detection module configured to output a protocol voltage according to a preset first protocol table in response to the first protocol signal; A first reference module configured to output a first clamping voltage in response to the protocol voltage; A first protection module disposed between the voltage conductors and configured to regulate the power voltage and control the voltage conductors to be turned on or off in response to the first clamping voltage; The first reference module includes a comparison unit and a calculation unit, wherein, The comparison unit is configured to receive the protocol voltage and output a reference voltage to the calculation unit, wherein the reference voltage is the maximum value among the protocol voltages; The computing unit is configured to output a first clamping voltage in response to the reference voltage; The calculation unit calculates the first clamping voltage based on the reference voltage using the following formula: V tgt = V ref × k, or V tgt = V ref + V ofst , Among them, V tgt V is the first clamping voltage. ref The reference voltage is V, k is a preset multiplication constant, and V is the reference voltage. ofst This is a preset addition constant.

2. The smart cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The second data wire used to transmit the second protocol signal; Furthermore, the first detection module is configured to respond to the second protocol signal and output a protocol voltage according to a preset second protocol table.

3. The smart cable according to claim 2, wherein when the power voltage can be input from the first connection terminal or the second connection terminal, is characterized in that, The smart cable also includes: A second detection module configured to output a protocol voltage according to the first protocol table or the second protocol table in response to the first protocol signal or the second protocol signal; A second reference module configured to output a second clamping voltage in response to the protocol voltage; The second protection module is disposed between the voltage conductors, between the first protection module and the second connection terminal, and is configured to regulate the power voltage and control the voltage conductors to be turned on or off in response to the second clamping voltage.

4. The intelligent cable according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: A temperature detection module is configured to output a control signal to the first protection module in response to the temperature of the voltage conductor, so as to control the voltage conductor to be turned on or off.

5. The intelligent cable according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first protection module includes a computing unit and a control unit, wherein, The arithmetic unit is configured to output a first control voltage in response to the first clamping voltage; The control unit is configured to adjust the power voltage and control the voltage conductor to be turned on or off in response to the first control voltage.

6. The smart cable according to claim 5, characterized in that, The control unit is a first switching transistor, and the source of the first switching transistor is connected to the voltage wire on the first connection terminal side; The drain of the first switching transistor is connected to the voltage wire on the second connection terminal side; The gate of the first switching transistor is connected to the output terminal of the arithmetic unit.

7. The intelligent cable according to claim 6, characterized in that, The operational unit is a first operational amplifier, and the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the drain of the first switching transistor. The inverting input of the first operational amplifier is connected to the output of the first reference module; The positive power supply terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the source of the first switching transistor, and the negative power supply terminal of the first operational amplifier is grounded. The output of the first operational amplifier is connected to the gate of the first switching transistor.

8. The smart cable according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first detection module includes a first monitoring unit and a second monitoring unit, and the protocol voltage includes a first protocol voltage and a second protocol voltage, wherein, The first monitoring unit is used to monitor the first protocol signal and is configured to output the first protocol voltage according to the first protocol table in response to the first protocol signal; The second monitoring unit is used to monitor the second protocol signal and is configured to output the second protocol voltage according to the second protocol table in response to the second protocol signal.

9. The intelligent cable according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first monitoring unit includes a first DC monitoring unit and a first protocol monitoring unit; the first protocol table includes a first standard protocol table and a first fast charging protocol table; and the first protocol voltage includes a first standard protocol voltage and a first fast charging protocol voltage. The first DC monitoring unit is configured to output the first standard protocol voltage according to the first standard protocol table in response to the protocol signal level of the first protocol signal; The first protocol monitoring unit is configured to output the first fast charging protocol voltage based on the signal parsing result of the first protocol signal and the first fast charging protocol table.

10. The smart cable according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first protocol monitoring unit includes a first comparator and a first signal decoder, wherein, The positive input terminal of the first comparator is connected to the side of the first data line near the first connection terminal; The output of the first comparator is connected to the signal input of the first signal decoder; The output of the first signal decoder is connected to the first signal input of the first reference module.

11. The smart cable according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second monitoring unit includes a second DC monitoring unit and a second protocol monitoring unit; the second protocol table includes a second standard protocol table and a second fast charging protocol table; and the second protocol voltage includes a second standard protocol voltage and a second fast charging protocol voltage. The second DC monitoring unit is configured to output the second standard protocol voltage according to the second standard protocol table in response to the protocol signal level of the second protocol signal; The second protocol monitoring unit is configured to output the second fast charging protocol voltage according to the second fast charging protocol table in response to the signal parsing result of the second protocol signal.

12. The smart cable according to claim 11, characterized in that, The second protocol monitoring unit includes a second comparator, a third comparator, and a second signal decoder. The second data line includes a second positive data line and a second negative data line. The positive input terminal of the second comparator is connected to the side of the second positive data line near the first connection terminal; The output of the second comparator is connected to the first signal input of the second signal decoder; The positive input terminal of the second comparator is connected to the side of the second negative data wire near the first connection terminal; The output of the second comparator is connected to the second signal input of the second signal decoder; The output of the second signal decoder is connected to the second signal input of the first reference module.

13. A connection cable based on a charging protocol, characterized in that, include: First and second connection terminals for connecting external interfaces, and A smart cable based on a charging protocol as described in any one of claims 1-12, wherein the smart cable is connected between the first connection terminal and the second connection terminal.

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