Upper limb sports movement standard training device

Abstract

A movement standardization training device for upper limb sports, belonging to the technical field of sports training equipment, includes a support system, an upper limb swing training system, an end effector system, and an automatic ball loading system. The upper limb swing training system is mounted on the support system, the end effector system is installed at the front end of the upper limb swing training system, and the automatic ball loading system is installed on the support system below the upper limb swing training system. This invention uses a combination of linear and flexible drive systems to provide movement standardization training for different sports, adapting to learners of different heights; it has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and can achieve highly efficient movement standardization training in sports.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of sports training equipment technology, specifically relating to a movement standard training device for upper limb sports. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with economic and social development, people have placed significantly more emphasis on sports than before. Studies have shown that moderate physical exercise can not only bring joy and relaxation but also improve physical fitness. However, in actual sports teaching and training, most trainees make various mistakes in their movements. If these mistakes are not corrected in time, they will not only affect the learning effect but may also lead to injuries. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a movement standardization training device for upper limb sports. This device can accurately plan the trajectory of upper limb movements, correct students' incorrect movements, and shorten the teaching and training cycle for students.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] An upper limb sports movement standard training device includes a support system, an upper limb swing training system, an end effector system, and an automatic ball feeding system. The upper limb swing training system is installed on the support system, the end effector system is installed at the front end of the upper limb swing training system, and the automatic ball feeding system is installed on the support system below the upper limb swing training system.

[0006] The support system includes a base plate, with a column base at one end of the upper surface of the base plate. The bottom end of the column base is set on the base plate, and a column is installed on the column base. The top of the column is bent to connect with the upper limb swing training system. A ball seat is installed at the end of the upper surface of the base plate away from the column base. The ball seat is used to place a golf ball. A position sensor is installed on the top of the ball seat to detect whether there is a golf ball on the ball seat. Two through holes are opened in the base plate between the ball seat and the column base.

[0007] The upper limb swing training system includes an electric telescopic rod. The front end of the electric telescopic rod is connected to the end plate of the cylindrical joint seat. The ear plate of the cylindrical joint seat is driven by a variable frequency motor and rotated with the cylindrical joint. The cylindrical joint and the cylindrical joint are rotatedly connected by a variable frequency motor.

[0008] The cylindrical joint 1 includes a joint shell. A rotating shaft 1 and a motor base are welded to one end of the cylindrical wall of the joint shell. A rotating shaft 2 is welded to the motor base and faces the joint shell. The axis of the rotating shaft 1 and the axis of the rotating shaft 2 are collinear. A lug is symmetrically welded to the other end of the cylindrical wall of the joint shell. The lug is a pivot connecting multiple cylindrical joint 1s and one cylindrical joint 2. The line connecting two lugs is perpendicular to the line connecting the rotating shaft 1 and the rotating shaft 2.

[0009] The cylindrical joint 2 and cylindrical joint 1 have the same main structure, the difference being that the joint shell of cylindrical joint 2 is provided with a sealing plate at the end for connecting the upper limb swing training system.

[0010] The end effector system includes a club connector, which is rotatably connected to a second spring damper seat via a bearing. A golf club is installed in the through hole of the club connector, and the second spring damper seat is connected to the first spring damper seat via spring damping.

[0011] Rubber is installed inside the hole of the cue connector.

[0012] The automatic ball loading system includes a barrel-shaped outer shell. Flange 1 and Flange 2 are respectively located at the bottom and middle of the barrel-shaped outer shell. The automatic ball loading system passes through a through hole in the base plate and is fixed to the base plate by Flange 2. Flange 1 at the bottom of the barrel-shaped outer shell is bolted to the housing of the motor at the automatic ball loading point. A spiral blade is installed inside the barrel-shaped outer shell, with its bottom end connected to the output shaft end of the motor at the automatic ball loading point. A ball conveying pipe is installed on the side wall of the barrel-shaped outer shell between Flange 1 and Flange 2, communicating with the barrel-shaped outer shell. A ball storage funnel is located at the top of the ball conveying pipe. A ball outlet is opened at the top of the barrel-shaped outer shell, and a ball inlet groove is provided at the bottom of the ball outlet, with the end of the ball inlet groove connecting to a ball seat.

[0013] The ball-receiving groove consists of an inclined section and a horizontal section. One end of the inclined section is welded to the barrel-shaped outer shell, and the other end of the inclined section is welded to the horizontal section. The horizontal section reduces the sliding speed of the golf ball, allowing it to land slowly and accurately on the tee.

[0014] The output end of the displacement sensor is connected to the input end of the microcomputer, and the output end of the microcomputer is connected to the input ends of the automatic ball loading motor, the electric telescopic rod, the variable frequency motor one, and the variable frequency motor two, respectively.

[0015] The technical effects of this invention are as follows:

[0016] This invention employs a combination of linear drive and flexible drive systems to create a motion training device for different sports, adaptable to learners of varying heights. It features a simple structure, ease of operation, and high-efficiency motion training for various sports.

[0017] This trainer combines a linear drive system with a flexible drive system to achieve precise control of the end effector system across multiple degrees of freedom. It allows for the modification of movement specifications for different sports by changing the end effector system to match the sport. Furthermore, by altering the travel of the electric telescopic rod and the swing angles of the two variable frequency motors, the trainer can change the trajectory of the end effector system to accommodate learners of different heights. The trainer is simple in structure and easy to operate, while simultaneously enabling highly efficient training in sports movements. By standardizing the learner's swing trajectory and correcting errors, it helps develop muscle memory and conditioned reflexes in a short time, allowing learners to master the key points of different sports movements. It achieves high-efficiency training at a relatively low cost, saving economic resources and enabling learners to quickly achieve their desired training results. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the movement standard training device for upper limb sports of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 Front view of the movement standard training device for upper limb sports of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the support system for the upper limb sports movement standard training device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the upper limb swing training system of the upper limb sports movement standard training device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4.1 A schematic diagram of the cylindrical joint of the upper limb swing training system of the upper limb sports movement standard training device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the end effector system of the upper limb sports movement standard training device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the automatic ball loading system of the upper limb sports movement standard training device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the spiral blades of the upper limb sports movement standard training device of the present invention;

[0026] 1. Support system, 1-1 base plate, 1-2 ball seat, 1-3 column base, 1-4 column, 2. Upper limb swing training system, 2-1 electric telescopic rod, 2-2 cylindrical joint seat, 2-3 variable frequency motor one, 2-4 motor connecting disc one, 2-5 cylindrical joint one, 2-6 cylindrical joint two, 2-7 motor connecting disc two, 2-8 variable frequency motor two, 2.5-1 joint shell, 2.5-2 ear seat, 2.5-3 rotating shaft one, 2.5-4 electric... Base, 2.5-5-Rotating Shaft II, 3-End Actuation System, 3-1 Spring Damping Seat I, 3-2 Spring Damping, 3-3 Spring Damping Seat II, 3-4 Club Connector, 3-5 Golf Club, 3-6 Golf Ball, 4 Automatic Ball Loading System, 4-1 Ball Storage Funnel, 4-2 Ball Transport Pipeline, 4-3 Flange I, 4-4 Automatic Ball Loading Motor, 4-5 Flange II, 4-6 Spiral Blade, 4-7 Ball Discharge Groove, 4-8 Barrel-shaped Housing. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a movement standard training device for upper limb sports includes a support system 1, an upper limb swing training system 2, an end effector system 3, and an automatic ball feeding system 4. The upper limb swing training system 2 is installed on the support system 1, the end effector system 3 is installed at the front end of the upper limb swing training system 2, and the automatic ball feeding system 4 is installed on the support system 1 below the upper limb swing training system 2.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, the support system 1 includes a base plate 1-1, a ball seat 1-2, a column base 1-3, and a column 1-4. The base plate 1-1 serves to connect and support the entire training device. A column base 1-3 is located at one end of the upper surface of the base plate 1-1. The large bottom area of ​​the column base 1-3 allows it to better fit the base plate 1-1 and withstand the large overturning torque from the column 1-4. The vertical hole in the column base 1-3 connects to the square column portion at the bottom of the column 1-4 and is fixed with bolts. The column 1-4 is located at the base of the column. The outer part of the base 1-3 has a circular cross-section, and its top is bent. In this embodiment, the bending angle is 90°, which is used to connect with the upper limb swing training system 2 and to support the upper limb swing training system 2. A ball seat 1-2 is installed on the upper surface of the base plate 1-1 away from the column base 1-4. The ball seat 1-2 is used to place golf balls 3-6. A position sensor is installed on the top of the ball seat 1-2 to detect whether there are golf balls on the ball seat 1-2. Two through holes are opened on the base plate 1-1 between the ball seat 1-2 and the column base 1-3.

[0030] During installation, place the base plate 1-1 on a horizontal surface, and weld the ball seat 1-2 and the column base 1-3 to the corresponding positions on the base plate 1-1. Slide one end of the column 1-4, which has a square cross-section, vertically into the bottom of the column base 1-3 and fix it with bolts.

[0031] like Figure 4 As shown, the upper limb swing training system 2 includes an electric telescopic rod 2-1, a cylindrical joint seat 2-2, a variable frequency motor 2-3, a motor connecting disc 2-4, a cylindrical joint 2-5, a cylindrical joint 2-6, a motor connecting disc 2-7, and a variable frequency motor 2-8.

[0032] like Figure 4.1 As shown, the cylindrical joint 2-5 includes a joint shell 2.5-1, an ear seat 2.5-2, a rotating shaft 2.5-3, and a motor seat 2.5-4. The rotating shaft 2.5-3 and the motor seat 2.5-4 are welded to one end of the cylindrical wall of the joint shell 2.5-1. A second rotating shaft 2.5-5 is welded to the motor seat 2.5-4, facing the joint shell 2.5-1, and the axis of the first rotating shaft 2.5-3 is collinear with the axis of the second rotating shaft 2.5-5. The other end of the shell 2.5-1 is symmetrically welded with lugs 2.5-4. Lugs 2.5-2 are the hubs connecting multiple cylindrical joints 2-6 and 2-5. The line connecting the two lugs 2.5-4 is perpendicular to the line connecting the first rotating shaft 2.5-3 and the second rotating shaft 2.5-5. The symmetrically arranged rotating shafts 2.5-3 allow the joint shell 2.5-1 to swing around them. The motor mount 2.5-4 can easily install the variable frequency motor 2-3.

[0033] The cylindrical joint 2-6 and cylindrical joint 1-5 have the same main structure, the difference being that the joint shell of cylindrical joint 2-6 is provided with a sealing plate for connecting the upper limb swing training system.

[0034] The electric telescopic rod 2-1 provides horizontal freedom for the upper limb swing training system 2. The front end of the electric telescopic rod 2-1 is connected to the end plate of the cylindrical joint seat 2-2. The ear plate of the cylindrical joint seat 2-2 is rotatably mounted to the rotating shaft 2.5-3 and rotating shaft 2.5-5 on the cylindrical joint 2-5. The inner side of the ear plate connecting the cylindrical joint seat 2-2 to the rotating shaft 2.5-5 is connected to the connecting disc 2-4 at the end of the output shaft of the variable frequency motor 2-3. The housing end 2-3 is connected to the motor mount 2.5-4 of the cylindrical joint 2-5, providing swing motion for the cylindrical joint 2-5. Similarly, one end of the variable frequency motor 2-8 is connected to the ear mount 2.5-2 of the cylindrical joint 2-5 through the motor connecting disc 2-7, and the other end is connected to the motor mount of the cylindrical joint 2-6, which can provide swing motion perpendicular to the movement trajectory of the cylindrical joint 2-5, thereby realizing precise control of the end effector system 3.

[0035] Before installation, assemble cylindrical joint 2-5 and cylindrical joint 2-6 by sequentially welding ear seat 2.5-2, rotating shaft 1 2.5-3, rotating shaft 2 2.5-5, and motor seat 2.5-4 onto the joint housing 2.5-1. Fix cylindrical joint seat 2-2 to one end of the push rod of electric telescopic rod 2-1 with screws. Install the ear plate of cylindrical joint seat 2-2 with the corresponding rotating shaft 1 2.5-3 and rotating shaft 2 2.5-5. Connect the housing end of variable frequency motor 2-3 to the motor seat 2.5-4 of cylindrical joint 2-5 with screws. The motor shaft of variable frequency motor 2-3 is connected through... The motor connecting disc 2-4 is connected to the ear plate of the cylindrical joint seat 2-2 away from the motor seat 2.5-4. The motor connecting disc 2-4 and the ear plate on the cylindrical joint seat 2-2 are fixed with screws. At this time, the cylindrical joint 2-5 and the cylindrical joint seat 2-2 are installed. In this embodiment, the cylindrical joint 2-5 and the cylindrical joint 2-6 are one each. The cylindrical joint 2-5 and the cylindrical joint 2-6 are assembled in the same way. The electric telescopic rod 2-1 base plate of the upper limb swing training system 2 after assembly is welded to the bent end face of the column 1-4 of the support frame system 1.

[0036] like Figure 5As shown, the end effector 3 includes a spring damping seat 3-1, a spring damper 3-2, a spring damping seat 3-3, a club connector 3-4, a golf club 3-5, and a golf ball 3-6. This trainer is designed with scientific training and safety as its primary principles. The club connector 3-4 and the spring damping seat 3-3 are rotatably connected via bearings, allowing the club connector 3-4 to rotate freely around the spring damping seat 3-3. This effectively prevents physical injury to the trainee caused by stiff upper limb swing training system 2 movements during training. The golf club 3-5 is installed inside the through hole of the club connector 3-4, and the hole contains rubber, allowing the golf club 3-5 to fit tightly against the club connector 3-4. The spring damping seat 3-3 and the spring damping seat 3-1 are connected via the spring damper 3-2.

[0037] During installation, the threaded end of the spring damper seat 3-1 is connected to the end of the cylindrical joint 2-6 of the upper limb swing training system 2, and the other end is connected to one end of the spring damper 3-2. The other end of the spring damper 3-2 is connected to the spring damper seat 3-3. Then, the spring damper seat 3-3 is connected to the club connector 3-4 through a bearing, allowing the club connector 3-4 to rotate freely around the spring damper seat 3-3. The golf club 3-5 is then inserted into the club connector 3-4 to secure it firmly.

[0038] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the automatic ball loading system 4 includes a ball storage funnel 4-1, a ball transport pipe 4-2, a first flange 4-3, an automatic ball loading motor 4-4, a second flange 4-5, a spiral blade 4-6, a ball inlet trough 4-7, and a barrel-shaped outer shell 4-8. To enable trainees to use the motion standardization training device efficiently and simulate the real hitting effect, the device has an automatic ball loading system 4. The bottom and middle parts of the barrel-shaped outer shell 4-8 are respectively provided with a first flange 4-3 and a second flange 4-5. The automatic ball loading system 4 passes through a through hole on the base plate 1-1 and is fixed to the base plate 1-1 by the second flange 4-5. The bottom of the barrel-shaped outer shell 4-8... The housings of flange 4-3 and the automatic ball-loading motor 4-4 are fixedly installed with bolts. A spiral blade 4-6 is installed inside the barrel-shaped housing 4-8, and the bottom end of the spiral blade 4-6 is connected to the output shaft end of the automatic ball-loading motor 4-4. A ball transport pipe 4-2 is installed on the side wall of the barrel-shaped housing 4-8 between flange 4-3 and flange 4-5, communicating with the barrel-shaped housing 4-8. A ball storage funnel 4-1 is installed at the top of the ball transport pipe 4-2. A ball outlet is opened at the top of the barrel-shaped housing 4-8, and a ball-returning groove 4-7 is provided on the bottom end of the barrel-shaped housing 4-8 at the ball outlet. The end of the ball-returning groove 4-7 is connected to the ball seat 1-2. In this embodiment, the ball-returning groove 4-7 consists of an inclined section and a horizontal section. One end of the inclined section is welded to the barrel-shaped housing 4-8, and the other end is welded to the horizontal section. The horizontal section reduces the sliding speed of the golf ball, allowing it to land slowly and accurately on the ball seat 1-2.

[0039] During installation, the ball transport pipe 4-2, ball storage funnel 4-1, barrel-shaped outer shell 4-8, and ball-pouring trough 4-7 are all welded to the barrel-shaped outer shell 4-8. Flange 2 4-5 is fitted onto the barrel-shaped outer shell 4-8 and welded. Flange 1 4-3 is welded to one end of the barrel-shaped outer shell 4-8. The spiral blade 4-6 is threaded to the output shaft end of the automatic ball-loading motor 4-4. The automatic ball-loading motor 4-4 with the spiral blade 4-6 is vertically placed into the barrel-shaped outer shell 4-8 from one end of flange 1 4-3, and flange 1 4-3 and the automatic ball-loading motor 4-4 housing are fixed with bolts. The base plate 1-1 of the support frame system 1 and flange 2 4-5 are fixed with bolts. Simultaneously, the ball-pouring trough 4-7 is aligned with the ball seat 1-2 so that the golf ball 3-6 lands precisely on the ball seat 1-2 during automatic ball loading.

[0040] The output of the displacement sensor is connected to the input of the microcomputer. The output of the microcomputer is connected to the inputs of the automatic ball-loading motor 4-4, the electric telescopic rod 2-1, the variable frequency motor 2-3, and the variable frequency motor 2-8, respectively. The specific position sensor is a capacitive position sensor. The capacitive position sensor works on the principle of infrared reflection. When there is a golf ball 3-6 at the ball seat 1-2, the golf ball 3-6 is within the infrared range. The infrared light emitted by the infrared emitter is reflected by the golf ball 3-6 to the infrared receiver. The microcomputer sends the processed signal to the automatic ball-loading motor 4-4. After receiving the signal, the automatic ball-loading motor 4-4 shuts down according to the specified command. When the golf ball 3-6 leaves the infrared sensing range, the automatic ball-loading motor 4-4 does not receive a signal and starts running according to the specified command, always keeping the golf ball 3-6 at the ball seat 1-2.

[0041] This invention relates to a movement standardization trainer for upper limb sports. This trainer can precisely plan the trajectory of upper limb movements, correct incorrect movements, and shorten the training cycle. Golf, in particular, engages the entire body's muscles during a swing, and its moderate intensity makes it suitable for most people. Therefore, the following explanation uses golf as an example; the movement standardization for other sports is similar.

[0042] The method of using a movement standardization training device for a sport includes the following steps:

[0043] The support frame system 1 has a capacitive position sensor at the ball seat 1-2. When there is no golf ball 3-6 at the ball seat 1-2, that is, when the golf ball 3-6 is out of the infrared sensing range, the automatic ball loading motor 4-4 does not receive a signal and starts according to the specified command. With the automatic ball loading motor 4-4 running, the golf ball 3-6 is first transferred from the ball storage funnel 4-1 and through the ball transport pipe 4-2 to the spiral blade 4-6. The rotation of the automatic ball loading motor 4-4 then drives the spiral blade 4-6 to rotate, and the golf ball 3-6 is then transferred through the spiral blade 4-6 to the curved ball return groove 4-7, finally being transferred to the ball seat 1-2 via the ball return groove 4-7, thus achieving the fully automatic ball loading function. When there is a golf ball 3-6 at the ball seat 1-2, the golf ball 3-6 is within the infrared range. The infrared light emitted by the infrared emitter is reflected by the golf ball 3-6 and transmitted to the infrared receiver, which is then processed by the microcomputer. The processed signal is sent to the automatic ball-loading motor 4-4. Upon receiving the signal, the automatic ball-loading motor 4-4 shuts down according to the specified command. Simultaneously, the microcomputer sends the action specifications to the electric telescopic rod 2-1, variable frequency motor 1 2-3, and variable frequency motor 2-8 to drive the upper limb swing training system 2 to complete the swing motion and strike the ball with the golf club 3-5. Throughout the entire movement of the upper limb swing training system 2, the trainee always holds the golf club 3-5 of the end effector system 3. The upper limb swing training system 2 drives the golf club 3-5 to move precisely, which can correct the trainee's incorrect movements. Repeated training forms muscle memory, achieving the expected training effect. If an emergency occurs while the trainee is holding the golf club 3-5, they can release the golf club 3-5 in time to avoid injury during training.

[0044] The technical features described in the above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of patent protection of this invention. Any equivalent implementations or modifications that do not depart from the scope of this invention should be considered as being within the scope of this specification.

[0045] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of implementation methods of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A movement standardization training device for upper limb sports, characterized in that, It includes a support system, an upper limb swing training system, an end effector system, and an automatic ball loading system. The upper limb swing training system is installed on the support system, the end effector system is installed at the front end of the upper limb swing training system, and the automatic ball loading system is installed on the support system below the upper limb swing training system. The upper limb swing training system includes an electric telescopic rod. The front end of the electric telescopic rod is connected to the end plate of the cylindrical joint seat. The ear plate of the cylindrical joint seat is driven by a variable frequency motor and rotatedly installed with the cylindrical joint. The cylindrical joint and the cylindrical joint are rotatedly connected by a variable frequency motor. The cylindrical joint 1 includes a joint shell. A rotating shaft 1 and a motor base are welded to one end of the cylindrical wall of the joint shell. A rotating shaft 2 is welded to the motor base and is positioned facing the joint shell. The axis of the rotating shaft 1 and the axis of the rotating shaft 2 are collinear. A lug is symmetrically welded to the other end of the cylindrical wall of the joint shell. The lug is a pivot connecting multiple cylindrical joint 1s and one cylindrical joint 2. The line connecting two lugs is perpendicular to the line connecting the rotating shaft 1 and the rotating shaft 2. The end effector system includes a club connector, which is rotatably connected to a second spring damper seat via a bearing. A golf club is installed in the through hole of the club connector, and the second spring damper seat is connected to the first spring damper seat via spring damping.

2. The movement standardization training device for upper limb sports according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support system includes a base plate, with a column base at one end of the upper surface of the base plate. The bottom end of the column base is set on the base plate, and a column is installed on the column base. The top of the column is bent to connect with the upper limb swing training system. A ball seat is installed at the end of the upper surface of the base plate away from the column base. The ball seat is used to place a golf ball. A position sensor is installed on the top of the ball seat to detect whether there is a golf ball on the ball seat. Two through holes are opened in the base plate between the ball seat and the column base.

3. The movement standardization training device for upper limb sports according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical joint 2 and cylindrical joint 1 have the same main structure, the difference being that the joint shell of cylindrical joint 2 is provided with a sealing plate at the end for connecting the upper limb swing training system.

4. The movement standardization training device for upper limb sports according to claim 1, characterized in that: Rubber is installed inside the hole of the cue connector.

5. The movement standardization training device for upper limb sports according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic ball loading system includes a barrel-shaped outer shell. Flange 1 and Flange 2 are respectively located at the bottom and middle of the barrel-shaped outer shell. The automatic ball loading system passes through a through hole in the base plate and is fixed to the base plate by Flange 2. Flange 1 at the bottom of the barrel-shaped outer shell is bolted to the housing of the motor at the automatic ball loading point. A spiral blade is installed inside the barrel-shaped outer shell, with its bottom end connected to the output shaft end of the motor at the automatic ball loading point. A ball conveying pipe is installed on the side wall of the barrel-shaped outer shell between Flange 1 and Flange 2, communicating with the barrel-shaped outer shell. A ball storage funnel is located at the top of the ball conveying pipe. A ball outlet is opened at the top of the barrel-shaped outer shell, and a ball inlet groove is provided at the bottom of the ball outlet, with the end of the ball inlet groove connecting to a ball seat.

6. The movement standardization training device for upper limb sports according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ball-receiving groove consists of an inclined section and a horizontal section. One end of the inclined section is welded to the barrel-shaped outer shell, and the other end of the inclined section is welded to the horizontal section. The horizontal section reduces the sliding speed of the golf ball, allowing it to land slowly and accurately on the tee.

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