Construction machine

Abstract

The invention relates to a construction machine (10) having an upper structure (12), a lower structure (14) having a running gear (16) and on which the upper structure (12) is mounted in a manner rotatable about a vertical axis (18), and a supply arm (40) for at least one energy line (50) by means of which energy can be fed to the construction machine (10) from outside, wherein the supply arm (40) is adjustably mounted at the upper structure (12). According to the invention, at least one drive (61, 62) for actively adjusting the supply arm (40) relative to the upper structure (12) is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a construction machinery having: an upper structure; a lower structure having a traveling mechanism (or chassis, i.e., Fahrwerk), and the upper structure being supported on the lower structure in a manner rotatable about a vertical axis; and a supply arm for at least one energy line through which energy can be supplied to the construction machinery from the outside, wherein the supply arm is adjustablely supported at the upper structure. Background Technology

[0002] This type of construction machinery is known from WO 2013 / 162448 A1.

[0003] Especially for environmental protection reasons and to reduce noise, construction machinery is partially or even entirely electrically driven. Due to high energy demand, energy, particularly electric current, is supplied to mobile construction machinery via power lines. In construction machinery with a substructure and an upper structure rotatably supported on the substructure, there are issues regarding safe energy delivery. When supplying energy to the substructure via power lines, there is a higher risk of damage caused by the traveling mechanism because the power lines are guided relatively close to the ground.

[0004] When supplying energy to a rotatable superstructure, there is a risk that undesirable overstretching of the energy line may occur during changes in rotational position, resulting in damage or even breakage of the energy line. To mitigate this risk, a swingably supported supply arm is provided on the upper side of the superstructure, as is known, for example, from the aforementioned WO 2013 / 162448 A1. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of this invention is to provide a construction machinery in which the line supply to the construction machinery is particularly secure.

[0006] This objective is achieved by a construction machinery according to the invention. The invention has several preferred embodiments.

[0007] The construction machinery according to the invention is characterized by having at least one drive device for actively adjusting the supply arm relative to the superstructure.

[0008] The basic idea of ​​this invention is to provide at least one drive device, i.e., a motor or motor-driven actuator, with or without a transmission component, by which the supply arm can be actively adjusted relative to the upper structure. The transmission component may include gears, levers, or ropes. Especially when the upper structure is twisted, by actively adjusting the supply arm, the load on the energy line and, particularly, the tensile stress at the energy line, can be specifically avoided or effectively reduced. Thus, it is not necessary to apply a force to swing the supply arm through movement of the upper structure and therefore through mechanical stress between the supply arm and the energy line. Instead, the supply arm can be adjusted specifically and actively. This reduces the load on the energy line caused by mechanical forces. This also reduces the risk of energy line breakage during operation, which could lead to work interruption. This improvement in work protection is particularly evident when supplying current. The energy line does not necessarily or only needs to be configured for current. The energy line can also be configured to guide hydraulic fluid, compressed air, etc., as well as data.

[0009] A preferred embodiment of the invention includes a control device capable of detecting the position of the upper structure relative to the lower structure, and configured to manipulate at least one drive device based on the detected change in the position of the upper structure. Here, the position of the upper structure relative to the lower structure can be determined via a corresponding sensor, particularly a rotation angle sensor. If, during building operation, the upper structure is oscillated relative to the lower structure from an initial position (wherein preferably the lower and upper structures are oriented identically in the foundation arrangement), the oscillation angle can be detected and transmitted to the control device. The control device can manipulate at least one drive device based on the detected angle change, thereby adjusting the supply arm and energy lines relative to the upper structure in a desired manner.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the control device is configured to manipulate at least one drive device such that the supply arm is stationary or as stationary as possible relative to the externally supplied energy line. This can significantly or almost completely reduce the transmission of mechanical forces to the energy line due to movement of the upper structure. One or more drive devices may be provided, configured to rotate, swing, move vertically, or move longitudinally within the components of the supply arm.

[0011] A particularly effective improvement according to the invention is that the supply arm is supported on the upper side of the superstructure in a manner that allows it to swing about a swing axis. Here, the supply arm can be configured as a cantilever that extends radially from the swing axis beyond the outer dimensions of the superstructure or construction machinery. This arrangement allows for particularly good supply and replenishment of energy lines.

[0012] According to an improvement of the invention, it is particularly advantageous that the swing axis of the supply arm is oriented parallel to and / or arranged in the region of the vertical axis of the superstructure. The vertical axis should be understood as a substantially vertically oriented axis perpendicular to the horizontal ground plane. The closer the swing axis of the supply arm is to the region of the vertical axis of the superstructure, the better the energy circuitry compensates for rotational movements of the superstructure. The swing axis can be formed by a vertically oriented handle, at which a laterally oriented cantilever is arranged to form the supply arm. The handle can be a rotatably supported shaft, which itself is a fixed component of the supply arm. Alternatively, the handle can be fixedly mounted to the superstructure, wherein the supply arm is rotatably supported at the handle.

[0013] A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention involves arranging the swing axis of the supply arm coaxial with the vertical axis of the superstructure. Thus, the vertical axis and the swing axis form a common axis of rotation. This significantly reduces the occurrence of mechanical stress in the energy lines during the swinging of the superstructure.

[0014] Furthermore, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the supply arm is radially oriented relative to the vertical axis of the upper structure and configured to have a certain length, wherein the supply arm laterally protrudes beyond the upper structure in each swing axis. In particular, the supply arm can be configured such that the energy line abuts against the upper structure in a non-slip manner, thereby avoiding frictional wear on the outer side of the energy line.

[0015] A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is that the length of the supply arm is adjustable, especially according to the swing position of the supply arm relative to the upper structure. In this case, the supply arm can have a variable length in the radial direction and be adjusted longitudinally via a corresponding drive device. In particular, the supply arm can be extended or retracted in the radial direction, wherein the length of the supply arm is sufficient during swinging, depending on the swing angle and the generally roughly rectangular upper structure. This ensures that the energy lines do not slip on the upper structure, even when extending over the corner regions, and that the supply arm does not overhang too far radially beyond the upper structure, even in other rotational positions. The length of the supply arm can be set by a control device according to the swing angle of the upper structure and the position of the supply arm.

[0016] According to another design variation of the invention, particularly good adjustment can be achieved by the supply arm comprising at least two arm segments adjustable relative to each other. Three or more arm segments may also be provided. Here, the arm segments are linearly movable relative to each other and / or oscillatingly supported relative to each other via corresponding swing hinges. Preferably, the arm segments can be selectively adjusted relative to each other via one or more drive devices, wherein the drive devices can be individually controlled by a control device.

[0017] Another possible design according to the invention is particularly suitable in which at least two arm segments are pivotally connected to each other via at least one hinge. In this case, the axis of the pivoting hinge can be oriented parallel to the vertical axis or also transverse to the vertical axis. This allows for desired two-dimensional or three-dimensional adjustments of the supply arm relative to the superstructure in space.

[0018] A particularly advantageous aspect of another embodiment of the invention is that the supply arm is height-adjustable along the axial direction of the swing shaft. Thus, for example, the supply arm can be pulled in for transport purposes and then pulled back to a retracted position, preferably into a corresponding notch in the upper structure. In this case, pull-back or folding in the radial direction is also possible. During operation, the supply arm can then be driven from the retracted position to the operating position, in which at least the radial section of the supply arm is arranged spaced apart from the upper structure. In this case, the handle of the swing shaft can be particularly telescopically adjustable and via a drive mechanism.

[0019] Preferably, the control device is configured to detect the structural condition of the construction machine, with or without sensors, particularly whether additional components, such as concrete pumps or counterweights, are installed on the superstructure. Based on the detected condition, the control device can set the appropriate dimensions of the supply arm.

[0020] Another preferred embodiment of the invention includes an alarm device that can detect the position of the supply arm relative to the superstructure and / or to other components of the construction machinery and / or to obstacles in the environment, and can confirm potential collisions with the supply arm. The alarm device can display information (especially alarm signals) to the machine operator acoustically, optically, and / or otherwise. Additionally or alternatively, the swing range of the superstructure can be limited, or the movement of the superstructure can be stopped by the alarm device. For this purpose, the alarm device is connected to a control device for controlling the actuators of the superstructure.

[0021] Here, a preferred improvement to this embodiment is provided by arranging one or more sensor devices, particularly camera units, for detecting obstacles. In principle, the sensor devices can be constructed in any suitable manner. In particular, ultrasonic sensors, radar units, or other non-contact sensors can also be used to detect components or obstacles within the range of motion of the supply arm. In principle, contact sensor devices with contact elements can also be provided. Upon contact with an obstacle, the contact element can trigger a corresponding contact signal.

[0022] Furthermore, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the energy line is guided along the supply arm at a variable length. In this case, guiding the energy line along the supply arm in this way allows for seamless changes in the length of the supply arm and adjustments to the links within the supply arm.

[0023] Particularly preferred here is the arrangement of cable reels, cable chains, and / or cable tensioning devices for the energy lines at the superstructure. Additional energy lines can be deployed from the cable reels at the superstructure as needed. In this case, the cable reels can also be configured such that an energy line of up to 100 meters or more is pre-installed within the construction machinery itself, allowing for easy connection to the corresponding local energy source. The cable chains form an arc-shaped arrangement along the supply arm, having one or more arc segments, for the energy lines, thereby compensating for variations in the length of the supply arm.

[0024] Alternatively or additionally, a line tensioning device may be provided, which, for example, allows the spirally arranged energy line to be flexibly driven out and re-tensioned in order to compensate for changes in length at the supply arm.

[0025] Preferably, a plug device is provided in the area of ​​the supply arm, which allows for a releasable connection between the external energy line and the internal energy line in the upper structure. Mating plugs are arranged at the corresponding ends of the opposing energy lines. The plugs are, in particular, universal plug connectors for three-phase or high-current applications, and preferably have a locking mechanism.

[0026] Another preferred embodiment of the invention includes an emergency disconnect device in the area of ​​the supply arm, which allows for the automatic or manual disconnection of the energy supply via the energy line in specific emergency situations. Specifically, the emergency disconnect device may include a hubelement that can pull the plugs of the provided connectors apart. This enables reliable mechanical disconnection and interruption of the energy line.

[0027] Emergency disconnect devices can be connected in particular to machine controllers and / or alarm devices at construction machinery. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The invention will now be further described with reference to preferred embodiments illustrated schematically in the accompanying drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 A schematic side view of a construction machinery (especially an underground machinery) according to the present invention is shown.

[0029] Figure 2 It shows Figure 1 A top view of the construction machinery. Detailed Implementation

[0030] According to the figure, the construction machine 10 according to the invention has an upper structure 12 and a lower structure 14, the lower structure including a traveling mechanism 16, particularly a tracked traveling mechanism. The upper structure 12 is supported on and driven by the lower structure 14 in a manner rotatable about a generally central, vertically oriented vertical axis 18. At the front of the upper structure 12, a substantially vertically oriented mast 20 is adjustablely mounted via an adjusting mechanism 22, along which a ground treatment tool 30 is adjustablely supported. For example, the ground treatment tool 30 may be a drilling tool, or, as shown, a milling device for drilling holes in the ground.

[0031] In addition, a compartment 13 for machine operators is arranged at the superstructure 12. Preferably, a control device 60 is arranged in the compartment 13, and the control device is preferably generally configured to control the construction machinery 10.

[0032] Regardless of the operating mode of the construction machinery 10, a counterweight 24 is releasably mounted on the superstructure 12 at the rear side opposite the front side having the mast 20. The number and size of the counterweight 24 can be varied and are preferably detected by the control device 60 via a sensor (not shown). For example, the counterweight may be equipped with a transponder that can be read in a sensor-like manner to transmit information related to design dimensions.

[0033] In order to supply energy to the construction machinery 10 from the outside, especially to supply electrical energy, an energy line 50 is provided. The energy line 50 has an external first energy line 50a, which is connected to a second energy line 50b inside the equipment via a releasable plug connector 54.

[0034] According to the present invention, the second energy line 50b inside the device is guided and held along the supply arm 40 arranged on the upper side of the upper structure 12.

[0035] Here, the supply arm 40 has a swing shaft 42 with a handle oriented parallel to the vertical axis 18 of the upper structure 12. In the illustrated embodiment, the swing shaft 42 is arranged at a certain radial distance from the vertical axis 18, but the swing shaft may also extend coaxially with the vertical axis. At the upper end of the swing shaft 42 (which may be located, for example, 5 to 50 cm above the upper side of the upper structure 12), a cantilever 44 of the supply arm 40 is mounted, oriented generally radially or horizontally. In the illustrated embodiment, the cantilever 44 is formed by a first arm link 45 and a second arm link 46, which are pivotally connected to each other via a swing hinge 47. The hinge axis of the swing hinge 47 is preferably oriented parallel to the swing shaft 42 and the vertical axis 18. Meanwhile, the first arm link 45 and / or the second arm link 46 may be configured to be telescopic, thereby allowing for additional length variations of the horizontally oriented cantilever 44.

[0036] Here, the cantilever 44 is preferably configured by the control device 60 such that it reliably extends rearward beyond the outer periphery of the upper structure 12 (including the counterweight 24) in order to avoid slip contact between the energy line 50 and the upper structure 12 or the counterweight 24.

[0037] To allow for active, motor-driven adjustment of the supply arm 40, a first drive unit 61 is provided at the swing shaft 42. This first drive unit allows the swing shaft 42 to swing and / or its height to be adjusted in the axial direction. In the accompanying drawings, the supply arm 40 is shown in its upward-moving operating position. For example, for transport purposes, the supply arm 40 can also be moved downwards from this operating position or folded back to its retracted position.

[0038] Similarly, the first arm link 45 arranged in the swing shaft 42 can be actively adjusted relative to the second arm link 46 via the second drive device 62 at the hinge 47.

[0039] To ensure sufficient length variation, especially in the horizontal direction, the second energy line 50b connected to the device is supported along the lower side of the supply arm 40 in multiple arc segments along a longitudinal guide (not shown), thereby allowing for length compensation as the supply arm 40 moves out or in.

[0040] In the illustrated embodiment, schematic arrows indicate the corresponding possible movements of the supply arm 40. At the free end of the supply arm 40, a plug for the energy line 50 may be provided, which can be movably or adjustably supported, so that the energy line enters the supply arm 40 at as similar positions as possible when the supply arm 40 is adjusted.

[0041] The machine operator can actively adjust the supply arm 40 in a desired manner via the control device 60. Preferably, the control device 60 includes an automatic mechanism that adjusts the supply arm 40 relative to the superstructure 12 according to its movement during construction. In particular, in this case, the first energy line 50a and energy line 50b maintain the same relationship relative to each other, thereby minimizing or even avoiding mechanical stress on the entire energy line 50 and slippage of the energy line 50 at the ground. In this way, the construction machine 10 can be operated particularly safely when delivering energy via the external energy line 50 using the arrangement mechanism according to the invention. The automatic mechanism may also include a swing limiter to prevent collisions.

Claims

1. A construction machinery, said construction machinery having: - Upper structure (12); - A lower structure (14) having a travel mechanism (16) and the upper structure (12) being supported on the lower structure in a manner rotatable about a vertical axis (18); and - A supply arm (40) for at least one energy line (50), through which energy can be supplied from the outside to the construction machinery (10). - wherein, The supply arm (40) is adjustablely supported on the upper structure (12). Its features are, At least one drive device (61, 62) is provided for actively adjusting the supply arm (40) relative to the upper structure (12), and, A control device (60) is provided, wherein the control device (60) is configured to manipulate the at least one drive device (61, 62) such that the supply arm (40) is actively adjusted to reduce the load at the energy line (50).

2. The construction machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control device (60) can detect the position of the upper structure (12) relative to the lower structure (14), and the control device (60) is configured to operate the at least one drive device (61, 62) according to the detected change in the position of the upper structure (12).

3. The construction machinery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control device (60) is configured to manipulate the at least one drive device (61, 62) such that the supply arm (40) is stationary relative to the energy line (50) supplied from the outside.

4. The construction machinery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The supply arm (40) is supported on the upper side of the upper structure (12) in a manner that allows it to swing about a swing axis (42).

5. The construction machinery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The swing axis (42) of the supply arm (40) is oriented parallel to the vertical axis (18) of the upper structure (12) and / or arranged in the region of the vertical axis (18).

6. The construction machinery according to claim 5, characterized in that, The swing axis (42) of the supply arm (40) is arranged to be coaxial with the vertical axis (18) of the upper structure (12).

7. The construction machinery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The supply arm (40) is radially oriented relative to the vertical axis (18) of the upper structure (12) and is configured to have a certain length, wherein the supply arm (40) protrudes laterally beyond the upper structure (12) in each swing position.

8. The construction machinery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The length of the supply arm (40) can be adjusted.

9. The construction machinery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The length of the supply arm (40) can be adjusted according to the swing position of the supply arm (40) relative to the upper structure (12).

10. The construction machinery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The supply arm (40) includes at least two arm segments (45, 46) that are adjustable relative to each other.

11. The construction machinery according to claim 10, characterized in that, The at least two arm segments (45, 46) are oscillatingly connected to each other via at least one hinge (47).

12. The construction machinery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The supply arm (40) can be height adjusted along the axial direction of the swing shaft (42).

13. The construction machinery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, An alarm device is provided, which can detect the position of the supply arm (40) relative to the components of the construction machine (10) and / or relative to obstacles in the environment, and can confirm possible collisions with the supply arm (40).

14. The construction machinery according to claim 13, characterized in that, One or more sensor devices (70) are arranged for detecting obstacles.

15. The construction machinery according to claim 14, characterized in that, The sensor device (70) is a camera unit.

16. The construction machinery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The energy line (50) is guided along the supply arm (40) at a variable length.

17. The construction machinery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, A line reel, cable chain and / or line tensioning device for the energy line (50) are arranged at the upper structure (12).

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