Shovel and excavator

Abstract

The application provides a front shovel working device and a excavator. The front shovel working device is used for connecting with a platform of the excavator, and comprises a bucket, a dipper, an arm, a dipper hydraulic cylinder and an arm hydraulic cylinder. The bucket, the dipper and the arm are sequentially connected, and the arm is connected with the platform. One end of the dipper hydraulic cylinder is hingedly connected with the bucket to form a first hinge point, and the other end is hingedly connected with the arm to form a second hinge point. One end of the arm hydraulic cylinder is hingedly connected with the arm to form a third hinge point, and the other end is hingedly connected with the platform to form a fourth hinge point. The first hinge point, the second hinge point, the third hinge point and the fourth hinge point are located in the same vertical plane region, and the arm side wall structure of the arm is overlapped in the vertical plane region. In this way, the problems of redundant structure design and short service life of components of the front shovel working device of the excavator in the prior art are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of engineering machinery technology, specifically to a front shovel working device and an excavator. Background Technology

[0002] The working device of an excavator is designed to load material into the bucket for efficient material transfer. This working device must be able to handle the load of the material and the digging force used to drive the hydraulic system. Currently, the working devices used on excavators are mainly divided into two types: front shovels and backhoes. Among them, front shovels are more commonly used in actual operations due to their greater digging force.

[0003] like Figure 1 As shown, in existing front shovel working devices, the hinge point of the hydraulic cylinder is usually located outside the boom side plate. In order to strengthen the structural strength, an auxiliary rocker arm is usually added, and even many reinforcing ribs need to be added to the basic structure of the boom to extend the working life of the working device. Not only is the structural design redundant and the manufacturing cost high, but the pin at the hinge point still has a bending moment, which will reduce the life of each component. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, this application provides a front shovel working device and an excavator to solve the problems of redundant structural design and short service life of components in the front shovel working device of the excavator in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A front shovel working device includes a bucket, a stick, a boom, a stick hydraulic cylinder, and a boom hydraulic cylinder; wherein,

[0007] The bucket, the stick, and the boom are connected in sequence, and the boom is connected to the platform;

[0008] One end of the boom hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the bucket to form a first hinge point, and the other end of the boom hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the boom to form a second hinge point;

[0009] One end of the boom hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the boom to form a third hinge point, and the other end of the boom hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the platform to form a fourth hinge point;

[0010] The first hinge point, the second hinge point, the third hinge point, and the fourth hinge point are located in the same vertical plane region, and the boom sidewall structure of the boom coincides with the vertical plane region.

[0011] Optionally, the bucket, the stick, the boom, and the platform are sequentially hinged to form a fifth hinge point, a sixth hinge point, and a seventh hinge point. The fifth hinge point, the sixth hinge point, and the seventh hinge point are all located in the vertical plane region, and the stick sidewall structure coincides with the vertical plane region.

[0012] Optionally, a support member is provided directly below the boom sidewall structure, and the stick, the stick hydraulic cylinder and the boom hydraulic cylinder are all hinged to the support member, with the stick hydraulic cylinder located below the stick and the boom hydraulic cylinder located below the boom.

[0013] Optionally, the support member is integrally cast or integrally forged.

[0014] Optionally, the support member has a weight-reducing recess on its wall surface.

[0015] Optionally, the boom includes the boom sidewall structure and the boom bottom surface structure fixed between the boom sidewall structures on opposite sides, and the support member is fixedly connected to both the boom sidewall structure and the boom bottom surface structure.

[0016] Optionally, the support member includes:

[0017] The main body is hinged to the stick, the stick hydraulic cylinder, and the boom hydraulic cylinder;

[0018] The side connection part is in contact with and fixed to the side wall structure surface of the boom;

[0019] The top connecting part is in contact with and fixed to the bottom structural surface of the boom, and is located inside the side connecting part;

[0020] The outer edge protrudes outward relative to the side connecting portion and, together with the top connecting portion, covers the upper part of the main body.

[0021] Optionally, the hinge hole of the support member includes:

[0022] The first hinge hole includes two holes that are axially opposite to each other and located on both sides of the connecting lug of the boom;

[0023] The second hinge hole includes a single hole located in the hinge seat of the boom hydraulic cylinder;

[0024] The third hinge hole includes a single hole located in the hinge seat of the boom hydraulic cylinder.

[0025] Optionally, the end of the boom that is hinged to the platform is a flat structure or a double-forked structure that is recessed along the length direction.

[0026] An excavator comprising the front shovel working device as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0027] The front shovel working device provided in this application is used to connect to the platform of an excavator, including a bucket, a stick, a boom, a stick hydraulic cylinder, and a boom hydraulic cylinder; wherein, the bucket, stick, and boom are connected in sequence, and the boom can be connected to the platform; one end of the stick hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the bucket to form a first hinge point, and the other end is hinged to the boom to form a second hinge point; one end of the boom hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the boom to form a third hinge point, and the other end can be hinged to the platform to form a fourth hinge point; the first hinge point, the second hinge point, the third hinge point, and the fourth hinge point are located in the same vertical plane region, and the boom sidewall structure coincides with the vertical plane region. With this configuration, when the boom hydraulic cylinder and arm hydraulic cylinder extend and retract to transmit power during the operation of the front shovel, all four hinge points are located in a vertical plane region, and the arm sidewall structure also falls within this vertical plane region. Therefore, the second, third, and fourth hinge points can all be directly facing the arm sidewall structure in the vertical direction and simultaneously exert force on it. This ensures that the force transmitted to the arm sidewall structure is transmitted along the extended plane of the sidewall structure, resulting in a more uniform force distribution. It prevents shearing forces on the boom and arm due to hinge point misalignment, avoids bending moments at the hinge pins, optimizes the overall mechanical structure, and extends the service life of each component. Moreover, the arm sidewall structure has a high overall strength and directly bears the hinge point force. Thus, while ensuring the overall structural strength of the front shovel, it avoids the need for additional reinforcement structures, solving the problems of redundant structural design and short service life of components in existing excavator front shovels. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a front shovel working device in the prior art;

[0030] Figure 2 An isometric view of the front shovel working device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0031] Figure 3 A bottom view of the front shovel working device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the boom and the support member provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support member provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0034] exist Figures 2-5 middle:

[0035] 1. Bucket; 2. Stick; 3. Boom; 4. Stick hydraulic cylinder; 5. Boom hydraulic cylinder; 6. Auxiliary hydraulic cylinder; 7. Support component; 8. First hinge point; 9. Second hinge point; 10. Third hinge point; 11. Fourth hinge point; 12. Fifth hinge point; 13. Sixth hinge point; 14. Seventh hinge point;

[0036] 201. Bucket sidewall structure;

[0037] 301. Boom sidewall structure; 302. Boom bottom structure; 303. Double fork structure;

[0038] 701. Main body; 702. Side connecting part; 703. Top connecting part; 704. Outer edge; 705. First hinge hole; 706. Second hinge hole; 707. Third hinge hole; 708. Weight reduction recess. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] like Figures 2-3 As shown, this application embodiment provides a front shovel working device for connecting to an excavator platform, including a bucket 1, a stick 2, a boom 3, a stick hydraulic cylinder 4, and a boom hydraulic cylinder 5; wherein, the bucket 1, stick 2, and boom 3 are connected in sequence, and the boom 3 can be connected to the platform; one end of the stick hydraulic cylinder 4 is hinged to the bucket 1 to form a first hinge point 8, and the other end is hinged to the boom 3 to form a second hinge point 9; one end of the boom hydraulic cylinder 5 is hinged to the boom 3 to form a third hinge point 10, and the other end can be hinged to the platform to form a fourth hinge point 11; the first hinge point 8, the second hinge point 9, the third hinge point 10, and the fourth hinge point 11 are located in the same vertical plane region, that is, the center lines of the stick hydraulic cylinder 4 and the boom hydraulic cylinder 5 are located in the same vertical plane region, and the boom sidewall structure 301 of the boom 3 coincides in the vertical plane region. The above description of the relationship between the boom sidewall structure 301 and the vertical plane region refers to the boom sidewall structure 301 on one side. Since the boom 3 has two opposing boom sidewall structures 301, the same applies to the other side; that is, the two vertical plane regions are parallel and the distance between them is approximately equal to the width of the boom 3. It should be noted that the hinge point is the center point of the hinge, where the force transmission is concentrated.

[0041] With this configuration, when the boom hydraulic cylinder 4 and boom hydraulic cylinder 5 extend and retract to transmit power during the operation of the front shovel working device, since all four hinge points are located in a vertical plane region, and the boom side wall structure 301 also falls within this vertical plane region, the second hinge point 9, the third hinge point 10, and the fourth hinge point 11 can all be directly facing the boom side wall structure 301 in the vertical direction, and simultaneously exert force on the boom side wall structure 301. This ensures that the force transmitted to the boom side wall structure 301 is transmitted along the extended plane of the side wall structure, resulting in a more uniform force distribution. This design prevents shearing forces on the boom 2 and boom 3 due to hinge point misalignment, avoids bending moments at the hinge point pin, optimizes the overall mechanical structure, and extends the service life of each component. Moreover, the boom side wall structure 301 has strong overall strength and directly bears the hinge point force. Thus, while ensuring the overall structural strength of the front shovel working device, it avoids the need for additional design reinforcement structures. This solves the problems of redundant structural design and short service life of components in the existing technology of front shovel working devices for excavators, and helps to reduce the weight and manufacturing cost of the working device.

[0042] The design of this application abandons the inherent design ideas of working device structure in this field. It does not require adding to the structure to achieve structural reinforcement, but cleverly re-layouts the structure. The structural strength can be maintained on the basic structure. It achieves outstanding technical effect through a completely different design idea, without the need for large investment and with strong practicality.

[0043] It should also be noted that an auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 6 is hinged between the stick 2 and the boom 3. This part is a conventional design in the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the bucket 1, stick 2, boom 3 and platform are sequentially hinged to form a fifth hinge point 12, a sixth hinge point 13 and a seventh hinge point 14. The fifth hinge point 12, the sixth hinge point 13 and the seventh hinge point 14 are all located in the vertical plane region, and the stick sidewall structure 201 of the stick 2 coincides with the vertical plane region.

[0045] This configuration optimizes the layout of other components in the front shovel working device, ensuring that the first hinge point 8 is vertically aligned with the stick sidewall structure 201. Specifically, from a bottom-up view, the first hinge point 8, the second hinge point 9, the third hinge point 10, the fourth hinge point 11, the fifth hinge point 12, the sixth hinge point 13, the seventh hinge point 14, the stick sidewall structure 201, and the boom sidewall structure 301 are all on the same straight line. This ensures that the hydraulic cylinder force and the pin reaction force at the hinge points are distributed across the area with the highest structural strength in the entire working device, resulting in a more uniform force distribution. This further optimizes and enhances the overall mechanical structure of the front shovel working device, thereby extending its service life.

[0046] In a more preferred embodiment, such as Figures 4-5 As shown, the boom sidewall structure 301 has a support member 7 fixedly connected to the bottom of the position near the stick 2. The support member 7 has a hinge hole. The stick 2, the stick hydraulic cylinder 4 and the boom hydraulic cylinder 5 are all hinged to the support member 7. The stick hydraulic cylinder 4 is located below the stick 2 and the boom hydraulic cylinder 5 is located below the boom 3.

[0047] With this configuration, since the boom 3 has multiple hinge points, and the support 7 serves as a connecting structure, its presence enhances the structural strength of the boom 3. In other words, the hinge points acting on the boom 3 are integrated at the point of strongest structural strength, which is beneficial to improving the structural lifespan.

[0048] Furthermore, the support component 7 is integrally cast or forged. This eliminates the traditional welded structure found in existing technologies, optimizing load-bearing capacity through an integrated structure.

[0049] In an optional embodiment, the support member 7 has a plurality of weight-reducing recesses 708 on its wall surface. The weight-reducing recesses 708 are specifically located on the wall surface between adjacent hinge holes, and the connection edges between the weight-reducing recesses 708 and the main body of the support member 7 are all arc-shaped. In this way, while meeting the structural strength requirements of the support member 7, weight reduction is achieved, and the arc-shaped connection design of the weight-reducing recesses 708 optimizes stress transmission and dispersion, avoiding stress concentration.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the boom 3 includes a boom sidewall structure 301 and a boom bottom structure 302 fixedly connected between the two opposite boom sidewall structures 301. Support members 7 are designed on both sides, and are fixedly connected to both the boom sidewall structure 301 and the boom bottom structure 302. Both the boom sidewall structure 301 and the boom bottom structure 302 can be plate-like structures as used in conventional designs. In this way, the support members 7 are connected to all structural components of the boom 3, strengthening the overall structural strength of the boom 3.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 5As shown, the support member 7 includes a main body 701, a side connecting part 702, a top connecting part 703, and an outer edge 704. The main body 701 has a hinge hole and is hinged to the boom 2, the boom hydraulic cylinder 4, and the boom hydraulic cylinder 5. The side connecting part 702 is in contact with and fixed to the boom side wall structure 301, specifically, it can be welded to the boom side wall structure 301. The top connecting part 703 is in contact with and fixed to the boom bottom surface structure 302, specifically, it can be welded to the boom bottom surface structure 302. The top connecting part 703 and the side connecting part 702 are at right angles or approximately right angles, and the top connecting part 703 is located inside the side connecting part 702. Here, the inside refers to the space between the two boom side wall structures 301. The outer edge 704 protrudes outward relative to the side connecting part 702 and, together with the top connecting part 703, covers the main body 701. In this way, the fixed connection is stable, the stress is evenly distributed, and the mechanical structure has good performance.

[0052] More specifically, the hinge holes of the support member 7 include a first hinge hole 705, a second hinge hole 706, and a third hinge hole 707; wherein, the first hinge hole 705 includes two holes that are axially opposite each other and located on both sides of the connecting lug of the stick 2, or in other words, the two first hinge holes 705 are U-shaped double holes, allowing the connecting lug of the stick 2 to extend into the support member 7 and be hinged; the second hinge hole 706 includes a single hole located in the hinge seat of the stick hydraulic cylinder 4, i.e. The second hinge hole 706 is inserted into the hinge seat of the boom hydraulic cylinder 4, or in other words, the hinge seat of the boom hydraulic cylinder 4 is located on both sides of the support member 7. The hinge seat of the boom hydraulic cylinder 4 can also be called a double lug. The third hinge hole 707 includes a single hole located in the hinge seat of the boom hydraulic cylinder 5. That is, the third hinge hole 707 is inserted into the hinge seat of the boom hydraulic cylinder 5, or in other words, the hinge seat of the boom hydraulic cylinder 5 is located on both sides of the support member 7. The hinge seat of the boom hydraulic cylinder 5 can also be called a double lug. The above description refers to one side of the support member 7, and the same applies to the other side. In this way, the single hole and the U-shaped double hole are reasonably configured. The single hole is conducive to strengthening the structural strength of the support member 7 itself, while the double hole is conducive to stable connection with the boom 2, thus optimizing the overall mechanical model.

[0053] In an optional embodiment, the end of the boom 3 that is hinged to the platform is either a flush structure or a double-forked structure 303 that is recessed along its length. The flush structure means that the end of the boom 3 is a traditional, non-rough-shaped structure, basically rectangular, which extends into the hinge structure of the platform when connected to it; while the double-forked structure 303 is U-shaped, and when connected to the platform, the space in the middle helps to avoid other structures on the platform.

[0054] In addition, the specific composition of the stick 2 is a conventional design, including the bottom structure of the stick and the side wall structure 201 of the stick located on opposite sides, which are also plate-shaped structures.

[0055] Based on the aforementioned front shovel working device, this application embodiment also provides an excavator, which includes a platform, a main unit mounted on the platform, and a front shovel working device connected to the platform. The front shovel working device is the aforementioned front shovel working device. Since this excavator has the aforementioned front shovel working device, the beneficial effects brought by the front shovel working device to the excavator are described above and will not be repeated here.

[0056] The basic principles of this application have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, benefits, and effects mentioned in this application are merely examples and not limitations, and should not be considered as essential features of each embodiment of this application. Furthermore, the specific details disclosed above are for illustrative and facilitative purposes only, and are not limitations. These details do not limit the application to the necessity of employing the aforementioned specific details for implementation.

[0057] The block diagrams of devices, apparatuses, devices, and systems involved in this application are merely illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, or configured in the manner shown in the block diagrams. As those skilled in the art will recognize, these devices, apparatuses, devices, and systems can be connected, arranged, and configured in any manner. Words such as “comprising,” “including,” “having,” etc., are open-ended terms meaning “including but not limited to,” and are used interchangeably with them. The terms “or” and “and” as used herein refer to the terms “and / or,” and are used interchangeably with them unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term “such as” as used herein refers to the phrase “such as but not limited to,” and is used interchangeably with it.

[0058] It should also be noted that in the apparatus, equipment, and methods of this application, the components or steps can be disassembled and / or recombined. These disassemblies and / or recombinations should be considered as equivalent solutions of this application.

[0059] The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but rather to be used within the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. It should be understood that the qualifying terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” “fifth,” and “sixth” used in the description of the embodiments of this application are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0060] The above description has been given for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of this application to the forms disclosed herein. Although numerous exemplary aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions, and sub-combinations thereof.

Claims

1. A front shovel working device, characterized in that, Includes bucket (1), stick (2), boom (3), stick hydraulic cylinder (4), and boom hydraulic cylinder (5); among which, The bucket (1), the stick (2) and the boom (3) are connected in sequence, and the boom (3) is connected to the platform; One end of the boom hydraulic cylinder (4) is hinged to the bucket (1) to form a first hinge point (8), and the other end of the boom hydraulic cylinder (4) is hinged to the boom (3) to form a second hinge point (9). One end of the boom hydraulic cylinder (5) is hinged to the boom (3) to form a third hinge point (10), and the other end of the boom hydraulic cylinder (5) is hinged to the platform to form a fourth hinge point (11). The bucket (1), the stick (2), the boom (3) and the platform are hinged in sequence to form the fifth hinge point (12), the sixth hinge point (13) and the seventh hinge point (14). Among them, the first hinge point (8), the second hinge point (9), the third hinge point (10) and the fourth hinge point (11) are located in the same vertical plane region, and the boom side wall structure (301) of the boom (3) coincides with the vertical plane region; the fifth hinge point (12), the sixth hinge point (13) and the seventh hinge point (14) are all located in the vertical plane region, and the stick side wall structure (201) of the stick (2) coincides with the vertical plane region.

2. The front shovel working device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A support member (7) is provided directly below the boom sidewall structure (301). The stick (2), the stick hydraulic cylinder (4) and the boom hydraulic cylinder (5) are all hinged to the support member (7). The stick hydraulic cylinder (4) is located below the stick (2) and the boom hydraulic cylinder (5) is located below the boom (3).

3. The front shovel working device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support component (7) is integrally cast or integrally forged.

4. The front shovel working device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support member (7) has a weight-reducing recess (708) on its wall surface.

5. The front shovel working device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The boom (3) includes the boom sidewall structure (301) and the boom bottom surface structure (302) fixed between the boom sidewall structures (301) on opposite sides. The support member (7) is fixed to both the boom sidewall structure (301) and the boom bottom surface structure (302).

6. The front shovel working device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The support member (7) includes: The main body (701) is hinged to the stick (2), the stick hydraulic cylinder (4) and the boom hydraulic cylinder (5); The side connection part (702) is in surface contact with and fixed to the boom side wall structure (301); The top connecting part (703) is in contact with and fixed to the bottom surface structure (302) of the boom, and is located inside the side connecting part (702); The outer edge portion (704) protrudes outward relative to the side connecting portion (702) and together with the top connecting portion (703) covers the body portion (701).

7. The front shovel working device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hinge hole of the support member (7) includes: The first hinge hole (705) includes two holes that are axially opposite to each other and located on both sides of the connecting lug of the stick (2); The second hinge hole (706) includes a single hole located in the hinge seat of the boom hydraulic cylinder (4); The third hinge hole (707) includes a single hole located in the hinge seat of the boom hydraulic cylinder (5).

8. The front shovel working device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The boom (3) is hinged to the platform at one end, which is either a flat structure or a double-forked structure (303) that is recessed along the length direction.

9. An excavator, characterized in that, Includes the front shovel working device as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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