Multifunctional measuring instrument and measuring method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a multifunctional measuring instrument and a measuring method thereof, and relates to the technical field of measuring equipment. The multifunctional measuring instrument comprises a main body, a display screen and control buttons arranged on the main body, a same-amplitude different-direction rotating mechanism connected to the main body and used for measuring the distance between two end points of a measured object, a height measuring mechanism connected to the outer side of the main body and used for measuring the convex height, a depth measuring mechanism connected to the height measuring mechanism and used for measuring the concave depth, and a PLC connected to the main body and electrically connected with the display screen, the control buttons, the same-amplitude different-direction rotating mechanism, the height measuring mechanism and the depth measuring mechanism. The multifunctional measuring instrument can measure the length, the height, the depth, the inner diameter, the outer diameter and the circumference of an object, and is convenient to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of measuring equipment technology, and specifically to a multifunctional measuring instrument and its measuring method. Background Technology

[0002] In industries such as product manufacturing, inspection and testing, and repair, it is often necessary to measure the length, height, depth, inner diameter, outer diameter, and circumference of products. This usually requires 3-4 measuring tools, such as rulers and vernier calipers. This means that workers need to carry many tools, which is inconvenient.

[0003] Furthermore, special equipment is prone to deformation defects such as bulges and dents. After defects occur, it is necessary to measure the length, width, height, depth, diameter, and circumference of the bulge or dent, as well as the deformation at the location of the defect. The deformation also needs to be assessed and monitored to determine whether the special equipment still meets the specifications. Currently, various measuring tools are required for defect measurement, but these tools are numerous, inconvenient to use, and there is a lack of instruments and equipment that can simultaneously measure length, width, height, depth, diameter, and circumference.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a multifunctional measuring instrument and its measurement method that integrates the functions of measuring length, width, height, depth, diameter, perimeter, etc. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a multifunctional measuring instrument and its measuring method to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A multi-functional measuring instrument, comprising:

[0008] The main body is equipped with a display screen and control buttons.

[0009] A same-amplitude, opposite-directional rotation mechanism is connected to the main body and is used to measure the distance between two relative endpoints of the object to be measured.

[0010] A height measuring mechanism is connected to the outside of the main body and is used to measure the height of the protrusion.

[0011] A depth measuring mechanism is connected to the height measuring mechanism, and the depth measuring mechanism is used to measure the depth of concavity;

[0012] The PLC is connected to the main body and is electrically connected to the display screen, the control buttons, the same-width opposite-direction rotation mechanism, the height measuring mechanism, and the depth measuring mechanism.

[0013] Furthermore, the same-width, opposite-direction rotation mechanism includes a first same-width wheel, a second same-width wheel, a first length measuring component, a second length measuring component, and a rotational displacement sensor. The first and second same-width wheels are rotatably connected to the interior of the protrusion and are drive-connected. The first length measuring component is connected to the first same-width wheel, and the second length measuring component is connected to the second same-width wheel. The rotational displacement sensor is connected to the main body and is used to detect the rotation angle of the first or second length measuring component.

[0014] Furthermore, the same-amplitude opposite-directional rotation mechanism also includes a third locking bolt, the main body sidewall is provided with a third threaded hole, the third locking bolt is threadedly connected to the third threaded hole, and one end of the third locking bolt extending into the main body abuts against the first length measuring component.

[0015] Furthermore, the end of the first length measuring member near the protrusion is a first fixed rotating part, and the end of the second length measuring member near the protrusion is a second fixed rotating part. The first fixed rotating part includes a first ring and a first sector block. The first sector block is connected to the outside of the first ring and is tangentially connected to the first same-width wheel. The second fixed rotating part includes a second ring and a second sector block. The second sector block is connected to the outside of the second ring and is tangentially connected to the second same-width wheel. The first fixed rotating part and the second fixed rotating part are offset from each other. The first ring and the second ring are coaxially arranged, and both the first ring and the second ring are rotatably connected to the main body.

[0016] Furthermore, the ends of the first length measuring member and the second length measuring member away from the protrusion are curved ends, and the bottom ends of the curved ends of the two abut against each other, with the abutment position located directly below the central axis of the first ring.

[0017] Furthermore, the height measuring mechanism includes a first sliding rod, a height displacement sensor, and a first locking bolt. A sliding block is provided on one side of the main body, and a first sliding groove is provided inside the sliding block. The first sliding rod is slidably connected to the first sliding groove. The height displacement sensor is connected to the sliding block and is used to detect the displacement of the first sliding rod. A first threaded hole is provided on one side of the sliding block, and the first locking bolt is threadedly connected to the first threaded hole. One end of the first locking bolt passes through the first threaded hole and abuts against the first sliding rod. A horizontal bar is connected to the bottom end of the first sliding rod.

[0018] Furthermore, the cross-section of the first groove is convex.

[0019] Furthermore, the depth measuring mechanism includes a second slide rod, a depth displacement sensor, and a second locking bolt. The first slide rod is provided with a second slide groove, and the side wall of the second slide groove is provided with a side slide rail. The second slide rod is slidably connected to the side slide rail. The depth displacement sensor is installed on the first slide rod and is used to detect the displacement of the second slide rod. The second slide rod is provided with a second threaded hole, and the second locking bolt is threadedly connected to the second threaded hole. One end of the second locking bolt passes through the second slide rod and abuts against the first slide rod.

[0020] Furthermore, the protrusion is hollow inside.

[0021] A measurement method for a multifunctional measuring instrument includes a length measurement method, a height measurement method, a depth measurement method, and an inner and outer diameter measurement method;

[0022] The length measurement method includes the following steps:

[0023] A1. Align the bent ends of the first and second length measuring pieces, press the power button to turn on the machine, and press the zeroing button to reset the measurement value to zero.

[0024] A2. Place the bent ends of the first length measuring piece and the second length measuring piece at the two ends of the object to be measured, respectively, and press the L key to read the length value;

[0025] The length measurement method is as follows:

[0026] L = 2Tsinθ,

[0027] Where L is the measured length value, T is the distance from the bent end to the rotation center of the first length measuring piece, and θ is the amount of rotation of the bent end;

[0028] The height measurement method includes the following steps:

[0029] B1: Connect the bent ends of the first length measuring piece and the second length measuring piece, and make the bottom of the horizontal rod flush with the bottom of the bent end. Press the power button to turn on the machine, and press the zeroing button to return the measurement value to zero.

[0030] B2: Place the two curved ends on both sides of the object to be measured, and adjust the height of the first slider so that the bottom of the horizontal bar is at the highest point of the object to be measured. Press the H key to read the height value.

[0031] The height measurement method is as follows:

[0032] H = PF = P - (T - Tcosθ),

[0033] Where T is the distance from the bent end to the rotation center of the first length measuring component, θ is the amount of rotation of the bent end, and P is the amount of height displacement measured by the height displacement sensor.

[0034] The depth measurement method includes the following steps:

[0035] C1: Connect the bent ends of the first length measuring piece and the second length measuring piece, and slide the second slide rod relative to the first slide rod so that the bottom of the second slide rod is flush with the bottom of the bent end. Tighten the second locking bolt to fix the second slide rod, press the power button to turn on the machine, and press the zeroing button to reset the measurement value to zero.

[0036] C2: Adjust the bent ends of the first and second length measuring parts to be placed on both sides of the object to be measured, and move the second slider so that its bottom end is at the lowest point of the object to be measured. Press the V key to read the depth value.

[0037] The depth measurement method is as follows:

[0038] When P < 0, V = |P| + F = |P| + (T - Tcosθ) = T - Tcosθ - P.

[0039] When P = 0, V = F = T - Tcosθ.

[0040] When P > 0, V = FP = T - Tcosθ - P.

[0041] Where V is the measured depth, T is the distance from the bent end to the rotation center of the first length measuring piece, θ is the rotation amount of the bent end, and P is the height displacement measured by the height displacement sensor. When the first slide rod slides upward, it is a positive displacement and P takes a positive value; when it slides downward, it is a negative displacement and P takes a negative value.

[0042] The method for measuring outer diameter includes the following steps:

[0043] D1: Connect the bent ends of the first length measuring piece and the second length measuring piece, and make the bottom of the horizontal rod flush with the bottom of the bent end. Press the power button to turn on the machine, and press the zeroing button to return the measurement value to zero.

[0044] D2: Place the bent ends of the first length measuring piece and the second length measuring piece at two points on the circle to be measured, place the horizontal bar on the circle to be measured, press the hold key to lock the screen value, press the D1 key to read the outer diameter value, press the H key to read the fixed chord height value, and press the L key to read the fixed chord length value.

[0045] The method for measuring the outer diameter is as follows:

[0046] When H < L / 2

[0047] D1 = 2R = H + L 2 / (4H)=[P-(T-Tcosθ)]+(Lsinθ) 2 / [4P-4(T-Tcosθ)],

[0048] When H = L / 2

[0049] D1 = L = 2Tsinθ,

[0050] When H > L / 2

[0051] D1 = 2R = L 2 / (4H)+H 2 =(Lsinθ) 2 / [4P-4(T-Tcosθ)]+[P-(T-Tcosθ)] 2 ,

[0052] Where D1 is the inner diameter measurement value, T is the distance from the bending end to the rotation center of the first length measuring piece, θ is the rotation amount of the bending end, and P is the height displacement measured by the height displacement sensor.

[0053] The method for measuring the inner diameter includes the following steps:

[0054] E1: Connect the bent ends of the first length measuring piece and the second length measuring piece, and slide the second slide bar relative to the first slide bar so that the bottom of the second slide bar is flush with the bottom of the bent end. Press the power button to turn on the machine, and press the zeroing button to reset the measurement value to zero.

[0055] E2: Place the bent ends of the first length measuring piece and the second length measuring piece at two points on the circle to be measured, and move the second slide rod so that its bottom end contacts the circle to be measured. Press the D2 key to read the inner diameter value, press the V key to read the fixed chord depth value, and press the L key to read the fixed chord length value.

[0056] The method for measuring the inner diameter is as follows:

[0057] When P < 0

[0058] D² = 2R = L 2 / (4V)+V=(2Tsinθ) 2 / [4(T-Tcosθ+|P|)]+T-Tcosθ+|P|,

[0059] D2=(4T 2 sin 2 θ) / [4(T-Tcosθ-P)]+T-Tcosθ-P,

[0060] When P = 0

[0061] D2 = 2T,

[0062] When P > 0

[0063] D2=L 2 / (4V)+V=(2Tsinθ) 2 / [4(T-Tcosθ-P)]+T-Tcosθ-P,

[0064] D2=(4T 2 sin 2 θ) / [4(T-Tcosθ-P)]+T-Tcosθ-P,

[0065] Where D2 is the inner diameter measurement value, T is the distance from the bending end to the rotation center of the first length measuring piece; θ is the rotation amount of the bending end; P is the height displacement measured by the height displacement sensor. When the first slide rod slides upward, it is a positive displacement, and P takes a positive value. When it slides downward, it is a negative displacement, and P takes a negative value.

[0066] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0067] The present invention discloses a multifunctional measuring instrument that, by setting up a rotating mechanism with the same amplitude but opposite directions, a height measuring mechanism, and a depth measuring mechanism and having them work together, enables the device to measure multiple dimensions such as length, height, depth, inner diameter, outer diameter, and circumference, making it more convenient to use. Attached Figure Description

[0068] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a multifunctional measuring instrument according to the present invention.

[0069] Figure 2 This is another three-dimensional schematic diagram of a multifunctional measuring instrument according to the present invention.

[0070] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of a multifunctional measuring instrument according to the present invention.

[0071] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the main body of a multifunctional measuring instrument according to the present invention.

[0072] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the same-amplitude, opposite-direction rotating mechanism of a multifunctional measuring instrument according to the present invention.

[0073] Figure 6 This is another perspective view of the same amplitude and opposite direction rotation mechanism of a multifunctional measuring instrument according to the present invention.

[0074] Figure 7 This is a side view of the same-amplitude, opposite-direction rotating mechanism of a multifunctional measuring instrument according to the present invention.

[0075] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state for measuring length.

[0076] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the length measurement process.

[0077] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state for measuring height.

[0078] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the height measurement process.

[0079] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state for depth measurement.

[0080] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the depth measurement process when P < 0.

[0081] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the depth measurement process when P = 0.

[0082] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the depth measurement process when P > 0.

[0083] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state for measuring the outer diameter.

[0084] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the outer diameter measurement process when H < L / 2.

[0085] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the outer diameter measurement process when H = L / 2.

[0086] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the outer diameter measurement process when H > L / 2.

[0087] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state for measuring the inner diameter.

[0088] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the inner diameter measurement process when P < 0.

[0089] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the inner diameter measurement process when P = 0.

[0090] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the inner diameter measurement process when P > 0.

[0091] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram for measuring the dent on the outer shell of a cryogenic insulated gas cylinder.

[0092] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram for measuring the bulge on the boiler shell.

[0093] Wherein, 1-main body; 11-protrusion; 12-slide seat; 121-first slide groove; 2-same-width opposite-direction rotation mechanism; 21-first same-width wheel; 22-second same-width wheel; 23-first length measuring component; 231-first fixed rotating part; 2311-first ring; 2312-first sector block; 24-second length measuring component; 241-second fixed rotating part; 2411-second ring; 2412-second sector block; 25-third locking bolt; 3-height measuring mechanism; 31-first slide rod; 311-second slide groove; 32-first locking bolt; 4-depth measuring mechanism; 41-second slide rod; 42-second locking bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0094] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0095] Example 1

[0096] This invention discloses a multifunctional measuring instrument, such as... Figure 1-7 As shown, the device includes a main body 1, a same-amplitude, opposite-directional rotation mechanism 2, a height measuring mechanism 3, a depth measuring mechanism 4, and a PLC. The main body 1 has a protrusion 11 at its top, and the protrusion 11 is hollow inside. One end of the same-amplitude, opposite-directional rotation mechanism 2 is connected to the protrusion 11. The height measuring mechanism 3 is connected to the outside of the main body 1, and the depth measuring mechanism 4 is connected to the height measuring mechanism 3. The PLC is connected to the main body 1 and is electrically connected to the same-amplitude, opposite-directional rotation mechanism 2, the height measuring mechanism 3, and the depth measuring mechanism 4. The same-amplitude, opposite-directional rotation mechanism 2 is used to measure the distance between two relative endpoints of the object being measured. The height measuring mechanism 3 is used to measure the height of the protrusion, and the depth measuring mechanism 4 is used to measure the depth of the concavity.

[0097] In this embodiment, the main body 1 is equipped with a display screen, control buttons, and a signal transmitting device. The PLC is electrically connected to the display screen and the control buttons. The control buttons include an ON / OFF button, a B button, an O button, an L button for length measurement, a H button for height measurement, a V button for depth measurement, a D button for diameter measurement, a C button for circumference measurement, a HOLD button, and a SEND button for sending data. The signal transmitting device can send data information. In this embodiment, the main body 1 may be equipped with an external power plug or have an internal battery to power the device.

[0098] The same-width, opposite-direction rotating mechanism 2 includes a first same-width wheel 21, a second same-width wheel 22, a first length measuring element 23, a second length measuring element 24, and a rotational displacement sensor. The first same-width wheel 21 and the second same-width wheel 22 are rotatably connected to the inside of the protrusion 11 via a rotating shaft. The first same-width wheel 21 and the second same-width wheel 22 are provided with the same meshing teeth on the same plane. They are connected by meshing and perform same-width, opposite-direction motion, that is, they rotate at the same angle but in opposite directions. The first length measuring element 23 is connected to the first same-width wheel 21, and the second length measuring element 24 is connected to the second same-width wheel 22. The rotational displacement sensor is connected to the main body 1 and is used to detect the rotation angle of the first length measuring element 23 or the second length measuring element 24.

[0099] The same-amplitude opposite-directional rotation mechanism 2 also includes a third locking bolt 25. The side wall of the main body 1 is provided with a third threaded hole. The third locking bolt 25 is threadedly connected to the third threaded hole. One end of the third locking bolt 25 extending into the interior of the main body 1 abuts against the first length measuring member 23, thereby restricting the rotation of the first length measuring member 23. In some other embodiments, the position of the third threaded hole may also correspond to the second length measuring member 24, thereby restricting the rotation of the second length measuring member 24.

[0100] The first length measuring member 23 has a first fixed rotating part 231 at one end near the protrusion 11, and the second length measuring member 24 has a second fixed rotating part 241 at one end near the protrusion 11. The first fixed rotating part 231 includes a first ring 2311 and a first sector block 2312. The first sector block 2312 is connected to the outside of the first ring 2311. The first sector block 2312 is tangentially disposed with the first same-pitch wheel 21 and the two are connected by a meshing transmission. The second fixed rotating part 241 includes... The second ring 2411 and the second sector block 2412 are connected to the outside of the second ring 2411. The second sector block 2412 is tangentially arranged with the second same-width wheel 22 and the two are connected by transmission. The transmission method is a meshing transmission. In this embodiment, the first sector block 2312 and the second sector block 2412 have the same size, the first ring 2311 and the second ring 2411 have the same size, and the transmission ratio of the first sector block 2312 and the first same-width wheel 21 is equal to the transmission ratio of the second sector block 2412 and the second same-width wheel 22.

[0101] Furthermore, the first fixed rotating part 231 and the second fixed rotating part 241 are offset from each other. A transmission wheel is provided on the first wheel 21 and the second wheel 22 of the same width. The two transmission wheels are offset from each other and are tangential to the first fixed rotating part 231 and the second fixed rotating part 241 respectively, and are engaged in transmission connection, so that the first length measuring member 23 and the second length measuring member 24 do not interfere with each other when rotating. The first ring 2311 and the second ring 2411 are coaxially arranged, and the first ring 2311 and the second ring 2411 are rotatably connected to the main body through a rotating shaft.

[0102] The ends of the first length measuring member 23 and the second length measuring member 24 away from the protrusion 11 are curved ends, and the bottom ends of the curved ends of the two abut against each other. The abutment position is located directly below the central axis of the first ring 2311. In this embodiment, the two curved ends have the same thickness, which facilitates the abutment between the two and corresponds to the opposite sides of the object to be measured.

[0103] The height measuring mechanism 3 includes a first slide rod 31, a height displacement sensor, and a first locking bolt 32. A slide block 12 is provided on one side of the main body 1. A first slide groove 121 is provided inside the slide block 12. The first slide rod 31 is slidably connected to the first slide groove 121. The height displacement sensor is connected to the slide block 12 and is used to detect the displacement of the first slide rod 31. A first threaded hole is provided on one side of the slide block 12. The first locking bolt 32 is threadedly connected to the first threaded hole. One end of the first locking bolt 32 passes through the first threaded hole and abuts against the first slide rod 31. A horizontal bar is connected to the bottom end of the first slide rod 31. When it is necessary to move the first slide rod 31, the first locking bolt 32 can be loosened.

[0104] In this embodiment, the cross-section of the first slide groove 121 is convex, so that the first locking bolt 32 can slide into the first slide groove 121 without being blocked by the slide block 12.

[0105] The depth measuring mechanism 4 includes a second slide rod 41, a depth displacement sensor, and a second locking bolt 42. The first slide rod 31 is provided with a second slide groove 311, and the side wall of the second slide groove 311 is provided with a side slide rail. The second slide rod 41 is slidably connected to the side slide rail. The depth displacement sensor is installed on the first slide rod 31 and is used to detect the displacement of the second slide rod 41. The second slide rod 41 is provided with a second threaded hole, and the second locking bolt 42 is threadedly connected to the second threaded hole. One end of the second locking bolt 42 passes through the second slide rod 41 and abuts against the first slide rod 31, thereby fixing the second slide rod 41 relative to the first slide rod 31.

[0106] In this embodiment, the second slide rod 41 has a T-shaped structure, and the bottom end of the slide block 12 is provided with a through hole for the tip of the second slide rod 41 to extend out.

[0107] The multifunctional measuring instrument disclosed in this invention, by setting up a same-amplitude opposite-directional rotation mechanism, a height measuring mechanism, and a depth measuring mechanism and having them work together, enables the device to measure multiple dimensions such as length, height, depth, inner diameter, outer diameter, and circumference, making it more convenient to use.

[0108] Meanwhile, the device is suitable for the development of measurement, evaluation, and monitoring systems for bulges and dents in special equipment. It meets the needs of measurement, evaluation, and monitoring simultaneously. Measurement is convenient, efficient, and highly accurate; evaluation can be performed immediately after measurement, and can be completed on-site, greatly improving the efficiency of evaluation and defect handling. The monitoring function enables continuous monitoring of deformation, allowing for the understanding of changing trends, which is beneficial to the safety of special equipment.

[0109] Example 2

[0110] A measurement method for a multifunctional measuring instrument includes a length measurement method, a height measurement method, a depth measurement method, an inner and outer diameter measurement method, and a perimeter measurement method.

[0111] For specific measurement methods, please refer to the appendix. Figure 8-23 .

[0112] The length measurement method includes the following steps:

[0113] A1. Align the bent ends of the first and second length measuring pieces, press the power button to turn on the machine, and press the zeroing button to reset the measurement value to zero.

[0114] A2. Place the bent ends of the first length measuring piece and the second length measuring piece at the two ends of the object to be measured, respectively, and press the L key to read the length value;

[0115] The length measurement method is as follows:

[0116] L = 2Tsinθ,

[0117] Where L is the measured length value, T is the distance from the bent end to the rotation center of the first length measuring piece, and θ is the amount of rotation of the bent end;

[0118] The height measurement method includes the following steps:

[0119] B1: Connect the bent ends of the first length measuring piece and the second length measuring piece, and make the bottom of the horizontal rod flush with the bottom of the bent end. Press the power button to turn on the machine, and press the zeroing button to return the measurement value to zero.

[0120] B2: Place the two curved ends on both sides of the object to be measured, and adjust the height of the first slider so that the bottom of the horizontal bar is at the highest point of the object to be measured. Press the H key to read the height value.

[0121] The height measurement method is as follows:

[0122] H = PF = P - (T - Tcosθ),

[0123] Where T is the distance from the bent end to the rotation center of the first length measuring component, θ is the amount of rotation of the bent end, and P is the amount of height displacement measured by the height displacement sensor.

[0124] The depth measurement method includes the following steps:

[0125] C1: Connect the bent ends of the first length measuring piece and the second length measuring piece, and slide the second slide rod relative to the first slide rod so that the bottom of the second slide rod is flush with the bottom of the bent end. Tighten the second locking bolt to fix the second slide rod, press the power button to turn on the machine, and press the zeroing button to reset the measurement value to zero.

[0126] C2: Adjust the bent ends of the first and second length measuring parts to be placed on both sides of the object to be measured, and move the second slider so that its bottom end is at the lowest point of the object to be measured. Press the V key to read the depth value.

[0127] The depth measurement method is as follows:

[0128] When P < 0, V = |P| + F = |P| + (T - Tcosθ) = T - Tcosθ - P.

[0129] When P = 0, V = F = T - Tcosθ.

[0130] When P > 0, V = FP = T - Tcosθ - P.

[0131] Where V is the measured depth, T is the distance from the bent end to the rotation center of the first length measuring piece, θ is the rotation amount of the bent end, and P is the height displacement measured by the height displacement sensor. When the first slide rod slides upward, it is a positive displacement and P takes a positive value; when it slides downward, it is a negative displacement and P takes a negative value.

[0132] The method for measuring outer diameter includes the following steps:

[0133] D1: Connect the bent ends of the first length measuring piece and the second length measuring piece, and make the bottom of the horizontal rod flush with the bottom of the bent end. Press the power button to turn on the machine, and press the zeroing button to return the measurement value to zero.

[0134] D2: Place the bent ends of the first length measuring piece and the second length measuring piece at two points on the circle to be measured, place the horizontal bar on the circle to be measured, press the hold key to lock the screen value, press the D1 key to read the outer diameter value, press the H key to read the fixed chord height value, and press the L key to read the fixed chord length value.

[0135] The method for measuring the outer diameter is as follows:

[0136] When H < L / 2

[0137] D1 = 2R = H + L 2 / (4H)=[P-(T-Tcosθ)]+(Lsinθ) 2 / [4P-4(T-Tcosθ)],

[0138] When H = L / 2

[0139] D1 = L = 2Tsinθ,

[0140] When H > L / 2

[0141] D1 = 2R = L 2 / (4H)+H 2 =(Lsinθ) 2 / [4P-4(T-Tcosθ)]+[P-(T-Tcosθ)] 2 ,

[0142] Where D1 is the inner diameter measurement value, T is the distance from the bending end to the rotation center of the first length measuring piece, θ is the rotation amount of the bending end, and P is the height displacement measured by the height displacement sensor.

[0143] The method for measuring the inner diameter includes the following steps:

[0144] E1: Connect the bent ends of the first length measuring piece and the second length measuring piece, and slide the second slide bar relative to the first slide bar so that the bottom of the second slide bar is flush with the bottom of the bent end. Press the power button to turn on the machine, and press the zeroing button to reset the measurement value to zero.

[0145] E2: Place the bent ends of the first length measuring piece and the second length measuring piece at two points on the circle to be measured, and move the second slide rod so that its bottom end contacts the circle to be measured. Press the D2 key to read the inner diameter value, press the V key to read the fixed chord depth value, and press the L key to read the fixed chord length value.

[0146] The method for measuring the inner diameter is as follows:

[0147] When P < 0

[0148] D² = 2R = L 2 / (4V)+V=(2Tsinθ) 2 / [4(T-Tcosθ+|P|)]+T-Tcosθ+|P|,

[0149] D2=(4T 2 sin 2 θ) / [4(T-Tcosθ-P)]+T-Tcosθ-P,

[0150] When P = 0

[0151] D2 = 2T,

[0152] When P > 0

[0153] D2=L 2 / (4V)+V=(2Tsinθ) 2 / [4(T-Tcosθ-P)]+T-Tcosθ-P,

[0154] D2=(4T 2 sin 2 θ) / [4(T-Tcosθ-P)]+T-Tcosθ-P,

[0155] Where D2 is the inner diameter measurement value, T is the distance from the bending end to the rotation center of the first length measuring piece; θ is the rotation amount of the bending end; P is the height displacement measured by the height displacement sensor. When the first slide rod slides upward, it is a positive displacement, and P takes a positive value. When it slides downward, it is a negative displacement, and P takes a negative value.

[0156] The method for measuring the circumference is as follows:

[0157] C = πD.

[0158] After the measuring instrument completes the numerical measurement, press the "HOLD" key to lock the screen value, press the corresponding keys to select the corresponding measurement value, and press the "SEND" key to send the selected value to the software. The software will receive and recognize the data and participate in the evaluation and monitoring.

[0159] Example 3

[0160] Bulging and denting deformations seriously endanger the safety of special equipment. Safety technical specifications for pressure vessels, boilers, and other special equipment have clear regulations regarding the amount of bulging and denting deformation. GB / T34347-2017 "Periodic Inspection and Evaluation of Low-Temperature Insulated Gas Cylinders" 4.4b) stipulates that defects with a dent depth greater than or equal to 12mm and a dent length greater than or equal to 13% of the outer shell circumference are considered unqualified. The "Periodic Inspection Rules for Boilers" stipulates that deformation of pressure-bearing components can be monitored if the following conditions are met; otherwise, repair (resetting, patching, replacement) is required: the deformation height of the cylinder does not exceed 1.5% of the original diameter and is not greater than 20mm.

[0161] To assess whether the bulges and dents in special equipment meet the required specifications and to continuously monitor whether the deformation exceeds the limits, a system for measuring, evaluating, and monitoring bulge and dent deformation in special equipment has been developed. This system consists of two parts: a multi-functional measuring instrument and evaluation and monitoring software. The multi-functional measuring instrument can measure length, height, depth, outer diameter, inner diameter, and circumference. The measurement, evaluation, and monitoring software is installed on a mobile terminal, and data transmission between the multi-functional measuring instrument and the software terminal is via a Type-C data cable or Bluetooth. The measurement, evaluation, and monitoring software includes modules for measuring, evaluating, and monitoring dents on the outer shell of cryogenic insulated gas cylinders and modules for measuring, evaluating, and monitoring deformation of boiler shells.

[0162] like Figure 24 As shown, the dent on the outer shell of the cryogenic insulated gas cylinder is measured, evaluated, and monitored. After the multi-functional measuring instrument completes the measurement of the perimeter, length, and depth, press the "HOLD" key to lock the screen value, press the "C", "L", and "V" keys to select the perimeter, length, and depth values ​​respectively, and press the "SEND" key to send the selected values ​​to the software. The software will receive and recognize the data and participate in the evaluation and monitoring.

[0163] The measured perimeter of the outer shell is 1570mm, the recess length L is 25mm, the recess depth is 10mm, and the ratio of the recess length to the perimeter of the outer shell is 1.6%. The recess depth and the ratio of the recess length to the perimeter of the outer shell both meet the requirements, and the part is deemed qualified based on the overall evaluation.

[0164] like Figure 25 As shown, for measuring, evaluating, and monitoring boiler shell deformation, after the multi-functional measuring instrument completes the diameter and height measurements, press the "HOLD" key to lock the screen value, press the "D" and "H" keys to select the diameter and height values ​​respectively, and press the "SEND" key to send the selected values ​​to the software. The software will receive and recognize the data and participate in the evaluation and monitoring.

[0165] The measured diameter of the boiler shell is 2000mm, the bulge height H is 19mm, and the ratio of the bulge length to the perimeter of the outer shell is 1.3%. The bulge height, the ratio of the bulge length to the perimeter of the outer shell all meet the requirements, and the part is deemed qualified based on the overall evaluation.

[0166] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any minor modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional measuring instrument, characterized in that, include: The main body is equipped with a display screen and control buttons, and a protrusion is provided at the top of the main body; A same-amplitude, opposite-directional rotation mechanism is connected to the main body and is used to measure the distance between two relative endpoints of the object to be measured. A height measuring mechanism is connected to the outside of the main body and is used to measure the height of the protrusion. A depth measuring mechanism is connected to the height measuring mechanism, and the depth measuring mechanism is used to measure the depth of concavity; The PLC is connected to the main body and is electrically connected to the display screen, the control buttons, the same-width opposite-direction rotation mechanism, the height measuring mechanism and the depth measuring mechanism respectively. The same-width, opposite-direction rotation mechanism includes a first same-width wheel, a second same-width wheel, a first length measuring component, a second length measuring component, and a rotational displacement sensor. The first and second same-width wheels are rotatably connected to the interior of the protrusion and are drive-connected. The first length measuring component is connected to the first same-width wheel, and the second length measuring component is connected to the second same-width wheel. The rotational displacement sensor is connected to the main body and is used to detect the rotation angle of the first or second length measuring component. The first length measuring component has a first fixed rotating part at one end near the protrusion, and the second length measuring component has a second fixed rotating part at one end near the protrusion. The first fixed rotating part includes a first ring and a first sector block. The first sector block is connected to the outside of the first ring and is tangentially connected to the first wheel of the same width. The second fixed rotating part includes a second ring and a second sector block. The second sector block is connected to the outside of the second ring and is tangentially connected to the second wheel of the same width. The first fixed rotating part and the second fixed rotating part are offset from each other. The first ring and the second ring are coaxially arranged, and both the first ring and the second ring are rotatably connected to the main body. The height measuring mechanism includes a first slide rod, a height displacement sensor, and a first locking bolt. A slide block is provided on one side of the main body, and a first slide groove is provided inside the slide block. The first slide rod is slidably connected to the first slide groove. The height displacement sensor is connected to the slide block and is used to detect the displacement of the first slide rod. A first threaded hole is provided on one side of the slide block, and the first locking bolt is threadedly connected to the first threaded hole. One end of the first locking bolt passes through the first threaded hole and abuts against the first slide rod. A horizontal bar is connected to the bottom end of the first slide rod. The depth measuring mechanism includes a second slide rod, a depth displacement sensor, and a second locking bolt. The first slide rod has a second slide groove, and the side wall of the second slide groove has a side slide rail. The second slide rod is slidably connected to the side slide rail. The depth displacement sensor is installed on the first slide rod and is used to detect the displacement of the second slide rod. The second slide rod has a second threaded hole, and the second locking bolt is threadedly connected to the second threaded hole. One end of the second locking bolt passes through the second slide rod and abuts against the first slide rod.

2. The multifunctional measuring instrument as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The same-amplitude, opposite-directional rotation mechanism also includes a third locking bolt. The main body sidewall is provided with a third threaded hole. The third locking bolt is threadedly connected to the third threaded hole. One end of the third locking bolt extending into the main body abuts against the first length measuring component.

3. The multifunctional measuring instrument as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ends of the first length measuring member and the second length measuring member away from the protrusion are curved ends, and the bottom ends of the curved ends of the two abut each other, with the abutment position located directly below the central axis of the first ring.

4. A multifunctional measuring instrument as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of the first groove is convex.

5. A multifunctional measuring instrument as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The protrusion is hollow inside.

6. The measurement method of a multifunctional measuring instrument as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, This includes methods for measuring length, height, depth, and inner and outer diameters; The length measurement method includes the following steps: A1. Align the bent ends of the first and second length measuring pieces, press the power button to turn on the machine, and press the zeroing button to reset the measurement value to zero. A2. Place the bent ends of the first length measuring piece and the second length measuring piece at the two ends of the object to be measured, respectively, and press the L key to read the length value; The length measurement method is as follows: ， Where L is the measured length value, and T is the distance from the bent end to the center of rotation of the first length measuring component. This represents the amount of rotation at the bent end; The height measurement method includes the following steps: B1: Connect the bent ends of the first length measuring piece and the second length measuring piece, and make the bottom of the horizontal rod flush with the bottom of the bent end. Press the power button to turn on the machine, and press the zeroing button to return the measurement value to zero. B2: Place the two curved ends on both sides of the object to be measured, and adjust the height of the first slider so that the bottom of the horizontal bar is at the highest point of the object to be measured. Press the H key to read the height value. The height measurement method is as follows: ， Where T is the distance from the bent end to the center of rotation of the first length measuring component. P represents the rotation of the bent end, and P represents the height displacement measured by the height displacement sensor. The depth measurement method includes the following steps: C1: Connect the bent ends of the first length measuring piece and the second length measuring piece, and slide the second slide rod relative to the first slide rod so that the bottom of the second slide rod is flush with the bottom of the bent end. Tighten the second locking bolt to fix the second slide rod, press the power button to turn on the machine, and press the zeroing button to reset the measurement value to zero. C2: Adjust the bent ends of the first and second length measuring parts to be placed on both sides of the object to be measured, and move the second slider so that its bottom end is at the lowest point of the object to be measured. Press the V key to read the depth value. The depth measurement method is as follows: When P < 0 , When P=0 , When P > 0 , Where V is the measured depth, and T is the distance from the bent end to the center of rotation of the first length measuring piece. P is the rotation of the bent end, and P is the height displacement measured by the height displacement sensor. When the first slider slides upward, it is a positive displacement and P takes a positive value; when it slides downward, it is a negative displacement and P takes a negative value. The method for measuring outer diameter includes the following steps: D1: Connect the bent ends of the first length measuring piece and the second length measuring piece, and make the bottom of the horizontal rod flush with the bottom of the bent end. Press the power button to turn on the machine, and press the zeroing button to return the measurement value to zero. D2: Place the bent ends of the first length measuring piece and the second length measuring piece at two points on the circle to be measured, place the horizontal bar on the circle to be measured, press the hold key to lock the screen value, press the D1 key to read the outer diameter value, press the H key to read the fixed chord height value, and press the L key to read the fixed chord length value. The method for measuring the outer diameter is as follows: When H < L / 2 ， When H = L / 2 ， When H > L / 2 ， in, The inner diameter is the measured value, and T is the distance from the bent end to the center of rotation of the first length measuring piece. P represents the rotation of the bent end, and P represents the height displacement measured by the height displacement sensor. The method for measuring the inner diameter includes the following steps: E1: Connect the bent ends of the first length measuring piece and the second length measuring piece, and slide the second slide bar relative to the first slide bar so that the bottom of the second slide bar is flush with the bottom of the bent end. Press the power button to turn on the machine, and press the zeroing button to reset the measurement value to zero. E2: Place the bent ends of the first length measuring piece and the second length measuring piece at two points on the circle to be measured, and move the second slide rod so that its bottom end contacts the circle to be measured. Press the D2 key to read the inner diameter value, press the V key to read the fixed chord depth value, and press the L key to read the fixed chord length value. The method for measuring the inner diameter is as follows: When P < 0 ， ， When P=0 ， When P > 0 ， ， in, The inner diameter is the measured value, and T is the distance from the bent end to the rotation center of the first length measuring piece; P is the rotation of the bent end; P is the height displacement measured by the height displacement sensor. When the first slider slides upward, it is a positive displacement, and P takes a positive value. When it slides downward, it is a negative displacement, and P takes a negative value.

Images