Positioning loading tool for testing torque of ball bearing and using method thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of application test of starting torque and rotating torque of bearings, and particularly relates to a positioning and loading tool for testing torque of ball bearings and a use method thereof, which comprises an inner ring clamp and an outer ring clamp, the inner ring clamp comprises an upper inner ring clamp and a lower inner ring clamp clamped on the upper and lower sides of the inner ring, the lower inner ring clamp is provided with a lower positioning conical surface, the center of the lower positioning conical surface is provided with a hollow hole structure with internal threads, the upper inner ring clamp comprises a gland and a connecting screw rod arranged on the gland, the connecting screw rod is connected with the internal threads of the hollow hole structure in a matched mode, and the gland is provided with a rotating shaft interface; the outer ring clamp comprises a positioning support for mounting a bearing outer ring, a plurality of positioning screw holes are formed in the positioning support, a plurality of half-threaded bolts can be selectively assembled in the positioning screw holes, and the half-threaded bolts are used for positioning the bearing outer ring in a radial direction. The application can completely position the bearings during the torque test of bearings with different outer diameters, inner diameters and widths in a certain size range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of application testing technology for bearing starting torque and rotation torque, specifically relating to a positioning loading fixture for testing ball bearing torque and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Rolling bearings are widely used in various sectors of the national economy. They are crucial mechanical components, and starting torque and rotating torque are vital performance characteristics of bearings. These torques are influenced by factors such as bearing structure, temperature, and lubrication conditions. Therefore, testing these torques requires consideration of factors including bearing installation, positioning, loading, and temperature. Currently, bearing positioning is a critical consideration in torque testing. For ball bearing torque testing, existing testing structures are insufficient to meet the requirements for bearing positioning and loading. Considering factors such as different bearing inner diameters, outer diameters, widths, and axial and radial positioning, a positioning and loading fixture for testing ball bearing torque, along with its application method, is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on the aforementioned prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a positioning and loading fixture for testing the torque of ball bearings and its usage method, addressing the issues of bearing positioning and loading during the testing of bearing starting torque and rotational torque. The device enables axial and radial positioning of the bearing during the pre-test installation process, ensuring concentricity between the bearing and the rotating shaft. Furthermore, from an energy-saving and environmentally friendly perspective, it achieves versatility for bearings of different sizes.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a positioning and loading fixture for testing the torque of a ball bearing, comprising an inner ring fixture and an outer ring fixture. The inner ring fixture includes an upper inner ring fixture and a lower inner ring fixture clamping the upper and lower sides of the inner ring. The lower inner ring fixture is provided with a lower positioning conical surface that mates with the inner hole of the bearing inner ring. The center of the lower positioning conical surface is set as a hollow hole structure with internal threads. The upper inner ring fixture includes a pressure cap that mates with the end face of the bearing inner ring and a connecting screw provided on the pressure cap. The connecting screw is connected to the internal thread of the hollow hole structure of the lower inner ring fixture. The pressure cap is provided with a rotating shaft interface for connecting a rotating shaft. The outer ring fixture includes a positioning bracket for mounting and positioning the outer ring of the bearing. The positioning bracket has several positioning screw holes, and semi-threaded bolts can be selectively fitted into the several positioning screw holes. The semi-threaded bolts position the outer ring of the bearing radially.

[0005] Furthermore, the positioning and loading fixture also includes a mounting base, on which mounting positioning pins for positioning the inner ring clamp or the outer ring clamp are provided.

[0006] Furthermore, the lower inner ring clamp extends to form a flat seat on the outer periphery of the lower positioning cone surface, which is adapted to the mounting base. The flat seat is provided with mounting positioning holes that match the mounting positioning pins on the mounting base. The lower inner ring clamp is assembled onto the mounting base through the mounting positioning holes.

[0007] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the positioning bracket is provided with mounting positioning holes that match the mounting positioning pins on the mounting base, and the positioning bracket is assembled onto the mounting base through the mounting positioning holes. The bottom surface of the positioning bracket is also provided with a central threaded hole that mates with the connecting screw of the clamp on the inner ring.

[0008] Furthermore, the mounting base includes an inner ring mounting base and an outer ring mounting base, which can be used independently.

[0009] Furthermore, an upper positioning cone surface that mates with the inner hole of the bearing inner ring is provided on one side end face of the pressure cap, a connecting screw is connected to the upper positioning cone surface, and a handle is provided on the side end face of the pressure cap away from the upper positioning cone surface.

[0010] Furthermore, the positioning bracket includes a bottom bracket and three sets of longitudinally arranged threaded hole brackets mounted on the bottom bracket. The three sets of threaded hole brackets are evenly distributed along the circumference, and each threaded hole bracket has several positioning screw holes arranged at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction. The positioning screw holes on the three sets of threaded hole brackets are set one-to-one.

[0011] Furthermore, each threaded hole bracket has nine positioning screw holes arranged at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom of the positioning bracket is connected to a force gauge via a steel wire, and the force gauge and the bottom of the positioning bracket are on the same horizontal plane.

[0013] The method for using the positioning loading fixture for testing ball bearing torque is as follows: Install the lower inner ring clamp onto the mounting locating pin of the inner ring mounting base. Place the bearing to be tested on the lower locating cone surface of the lower inner ring clamp. The connecting screw of the upper inner ring clamp passes through the inner hole of the bearing to be tested and connects with the internal thread of the hollow hole structure of the lower inner ring clamp. After tightening, remove the assembly formed by the upper inner ring clamp, the bearing to be tested, and the lower inner ring clamp. Connect the positioning bracket to the mounting locating pin of the outer ring mounting base. Install the assembly formed by the upper inner ring clamp, the bearing to be tested, and the lower inner ring clamp into the positioning bracket. Connect the lower inner ring clamp to the mounting locating hole. The outer ring mounting base is positioned by connecting the mounting pins. The inner ring clamp is connected to the center threaded hole of the positioning bracket. The positioning screw hole in the height direction of the bearing outer ring is selected, and the three half-threaded bolts are installed and tightened to the outer diameter surface of the bearing to ensure radial positioning of the bearing. The outer ring mounting base is removed, and the inner ring clamp is installed on the rotating shaft through the rotating shaft interface. The bottom bracket of the positioning bracket is connected to the force gauge through a steel wire, ensuring that the force gauge is fixed and on the same horizontal plane as the bottom bracket. The rotating shaft is started, and the rotational torque and starting torque of the bearing under test are measured by the reading of the force gauge.

[0014] Furthermore, the product of the force gauge reading and the radius of the bottom support is the bearing's rotational torque, and the rotational torque of the bearing when it starts is the starting torque.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The tooling of this invention enables complete bearing positioning during the testing of starting torque and rotational torque for bearings with different outer diameters, inner diameters, and widths within a certain size range. The versatility of this tooling reduces the time and material waste caused by designing separate tooling for bearings with different sizes, saving testing costs and shortening the testing cycle. This tooling can be used on a dedicated testing platform or on general-purpose equipment such as a four-ball testing machine by changing the interface. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping structure on the inner ring; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the inner ring lower clamp structure; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the inner ring mounting base structure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning bracket structure; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the outer ring mounting base structure; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a semi-threaded bolt structure; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure for mounting and positioning the ball bearing under test using an inner ring clamp; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure for mounting and positioning the ball bearing under test using an outer ring clamp; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the force measurement structure for the ball bearing under test. In the diagram: 1. Inner ring upper clamp, 2. Pressure cap, 3. Connecting screw, 4. Upper positioning cone surface, 5. Rotary shaft interface, 6. Handle, 7. Inner ring lower clamp, 8. Lower positioning cone surface, 9. Flat seat, 10. Mounting positioning hole, 11. Inner ring mounting base, 12. Mounting positioning pin, 13. Positioning bracket, 14. Bottom bracket, 15. Threaded hole bracket, 16. Positioning screw hole, 17. Outer ring mounting base, 18. Half-threaded bolt, 19. Ball bearing to be tested, 20. Center threaded hole; A. Connect to the rotating shaft; B. Connect to the force gauge. Detailed Implementation To make the structure and function of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] See appendix Figure 1-9 The positioning and loading fixture for testing the torque of ball bearings includes an inner ring fixture and an outer ring fixture. The bearing under test is positioned axially and radially by the inner ring fixture and the outer ring fixture, and a load is applied to detect the rotational torque and starting torque.

[0018] Specifically, the inner ring clamp includes an upper inner ring clamp 1 and a lower inner ring clamp 7 clamping the upper and lower sides of the inner ring. The lower inner ring clamp 7 is provided with a lower positioning cone surface 8 that mates with the inner hole of the bearing inner ring. The center of the lower positioning cone surface is set as a hollow hole structure with internal threads. The lower inner ring clamp 7 is positioned and installed by an inner ring mounting base 11. The inner ring mounting base 11 is provided with a mounting positioning pin 12 for positioning the lower inner ring clamp 7. The lower inner ring clamp 7 is provided with a mounting positioning hole 10 that mates with the mounting positioning pin 12. The upper inner ring clamp 1 includes a pressure cap 2 that mates with the end face of the bearing inner ring. One end face of the pressure cap 2 is provided with an upper positioning cone surface 4 that mates with the inner hole of the bearing inner ring. A connecting screw 3 is provided on the positioning cone surface 4. A handle 6 is provided on the end face of the pressure cap 2 away from the upper positioning cone surface 4. The connecting screw 3 is connected to the hollow hole structure of the lower inner ring clamp 7 with internal threads. The pressure cap 2 is provided with a rotating shaft interface 5 for connecting a rotating shaft.

[0019] Furthermore, the lower inner ring clamp 7 extends to form a flat seat 9 on the outer periphery of the lower positioning cone surface 8, which is adapted to the inner ring mounting base 11. The flat seat 9 is provided with mounting positioning holes 10 that match the mounting positioning pins 12 on the inner ring mounting base 11. The lower inner ring clamp 7 is assembled on the inner ring mounting base 11 through the mounting positioning holes 10.

[0020] Furthermore, the inner ring mounting base 11 forms an annular sidewall around its outer periphery, making the inner ring mounting base 11 a barrel-shaped structure. The diameter of the inner ring mounting base 11 matches the diameter of the outer ring clamp, so as to limit the diameter of the ball bearing 19 to be tested.

[0021] Furthermore, the inner ring mounting base 11 has three mounting positioning pins 12 and three mounting positioning holes 10 for the inner ring lower clamp 7, which prevent circumferential rotation when the connecting screw 3 is tightened after installation.

[0022] Inner ring positioning method: Install the inner ring lower clamp 7 on the inner ring mounting base 11 through the mounting positioning hole 10 and the mounting positioning pin 12. Place the bearing to be tested 19 on the lower positioning cone surface 8 of the inner ring lower clamp 7. The inner ring upper clamp 1 is connected to the inner ring lower clamp 7 through the internal thread of the connecting screw 3. After tightening, take it out and place it in the outer ring clamp for positioning and locking.

[0023] The outer ring fixture includes a positioning bracket 13 for mounting the outer ring of the positioning bearing and an outer ring mounting base 17 connecting the positioning bracket 13. The positioning bracket 13 includes a bottom bracket 14 and three sets of longitudinally arranged threaded hole brackets 15 mounted on the bottom bracket 14. The three sets of threaded hole brackets 15 are evenly spaced circumferentially, and each threaded hole bracket 15 has several positioning screw holes 16 evenly spaced longitudinally. The positioning screw holes 16 on the three sets of threaded hole brackets 15 are arranged one-to-one. Half-threaded bolts 18 are fitted into the positioning screw holes 16 at the corresponding heights of the three threaded hole brackets 15 and the ball bearing 19 to be tested. The half-threaded bolts 18 radially position the outer ring of the bearing. The outer ring mounting base 17 is provided with a mounting positioning pin 12. The bottom bracket 14 of the positioning bracket 13 is provided with a mounting positioning hole 10 that mates with the mounting positioning pin 12 and a central threaded hole 20 that mates with the connecting screw 3 of the inner ring upper fixture 1. The outer ring mounting base 17 connects the positioning bracket 13 and the inner ring lower fixture 7 through the mounting positioning pin 12.

[0024] Furthermore, each threaded hole bracket 15 has nine positioning screw holes 16 arranged at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction.

[0025] Furthermore, the outer ring mounting base 17 has three mounting positioning pins 12 and the positioning bracket 13 has three mounting positioning holes 10.

[0026] Outer ring positioning method: Connect the outer ring mounting base 17 to the positioning bracket 13 via the mounting positioning pin 12 and the mounting positioning hole 10. Install the installed inner ring fixture and the bearing to be tested into the positioning bracket 13. Position the bearing using the mounting positioning pin 12 of the outer ring mounting base 17 and the mounting positioning hole 10 of the inner ring lower fixture 7. Select the positioning screw hole 16 near the center of the bearing's outer ring height direction, install the semi-threaded bolt 18, and tighten it to ensure radial positioning of the bearing. Remove the outer ring mounting base 17 to form the component to be tested.

[0027] Furthermore, the bottom of the positioning bracket is connected to a force gauge via a steel wire, and the force gauge and the bottom of the positioning bracket are on the same horizontal plane.

[0028] Force measurement method: The assembled component to be tested is mounted on the rotating shaft via the rotating shaft interface 5 on the inner ring clamp 1. The bottom bracket 14 at the bottom of the outer positioning bracket 13 is connected to the force gauge via a steel wire, ensuring that the force gauge is fixed and on the same horizontal plane as the bottom bracket 14. The rotating shaft is started, and the product of the force gauge reading and the radius of the fixed base is the rotational torque of the bearing. The rotational torque of the bearing when it starts is the starting torque.

[0029] During the testing of bearing starting torque and rotational torque, the bearing positioning must be considered. During the installation process before testing, the bearing needs to be axially and radially positioned to ensure concentricity between the bearing and the rotating shaft. Furthermore, from an energy-saving and environmental protection perspective, the device should be compatible with bearings of different sizes.

[0030] Considering the aforementioned issues, this fixture is designed with a pair of universal conical clamps for the inner ring, adaptable to ball bearings of different inner diameters within a certain size range. An additional rubber coating increases friction with the inner ring. The outer ring clamp features multiple rows of threaded holes in the radial direction, using three bolts to achieve radial positioning of bearings of different widths within a certain size range. This fixture enables complete bearing positioning during the testing of starting torque and rotational torque for bearings with different outer, inner, and width dimensions within a certain size range. Its versatility reduces the time and material waste associated with designing separate fixtures for bearings of different sizes, saving testing costs and shortening the testing cycle. This fixture can be used on dedicated testing platforms or, by modifying the interface, on general-purpose equipment such as four-ball testing machines.

[0031] The method of using the positioning and loading fixture for testing the torque of ball bearings according to this invention is as follows: Install the lower inner ring clamp onto the mounting positioning pin of the inner ring mounting base. Place the bearing to be tested on the lower positioning cone surface of the lower inner ring clamp. The connecting screw of the upper inner ring clamp passes through the inner hole of the bearing to be tested and connects with the internal thread of the hollow hole structure of the lower inner ring clamp. After tightening, remove the assembly formed by the upper inner ring clamp, the bearing to be tested, and the lower inner ring clamp. Connect the positioning bracket to the mounting positioning pin of the outer ring mounting base. Install the assembly formed by the upper inner ring clamp, the bearing to be tested, and the lower inner ring clamp into the positioning bracket. The lower inner ring clamp is then used for positioning. The outer ring mounting base is positioned by connecting the mounting pin to the locating hole. The inner ring clamp is connected to the center threaded hole of the positioning bracket via a connecting screw. The locating screw hole in the height direction of the bearing's outer ring is selected, and three half-threaded bolts are installed and tightened to the bearing's outer diameter surface to ensure radial positioning. The outer ring mounting base is removed, and the inner ring clamp is installed on the rotating shaft via the rotating shaft interface. The bottom bracket of the positioning bracket is connected to the force gauge via a steel wire, ensuring the force gauge is fixed and on the same horizontal plane as the bottom bracket. The rotating shaft is started, and the rotational torque and starting torque of the bearing are measured using the force gauge reading. The product of the force gauge reading and the radius of the bottom bracket is the bearing's rotational torque, and the rotational torque when the bearing starts is the starting torque.

[0032] The above examples are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and many variations are possible. All variations that can be directly derived or conceived by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for using a positioning loading fixture for testing the torque of a ball bearing, characterized in that: The positioning and loading fixture includes an inner ring clamp and an outer ring clamp. The inner ring clamp includes an upper inner ring clamp and a lower inner ring clamp that hold the upper and lower sides of the inner ring. The lower inner ring clamp is provided with a lower positioning cone surface that mates with the inner hole of the bearing inner ring. The center of the lower positioning cone surface is set as a hollow hole structure with internal threads. The upper inner ring clamp includes a pressure cap that mates with the end face of the bearing inner ring and a connecting screw provided on the pressure cap. The connecting screw is connected to the internal thread of the hollow hole structure of the lower inner ring clamp. The pressure cap is provided with a rotating shaft interface for connecting a rotating shaft. The outer ring clamp includes a positioning bracket for mounting and positioning the outer ring of the bearing. The positioning bracket has several positioning screw holes. Semi-threaded bolts can be selectively fitted into the several positioning screw holes. The semi-threaded bolts position the outer ring of the bearing radially. It also includes a mounting base, on which mounting positioning pins are provided for positioning the inner ring clamp or the outer ring clamp; The inner ring lower clamp extends to form a flat seat on the outer periphery of the lower positioning cone surface, which is adapted to the mounting base. The flat seat is provided with mounting positioning holes that match the mounting positioning pins on the mounting base. The inner ring lower clamp is assembled on the mounting base through the mounting positioning holes. The bottom surface of the positioning bracket is provided with mounting positioning holes that match the mounting positioning pins on the mounting base. The positioning bracket is assembled onto the mounting base through the mounting positioning holes. The method of use is as follows: Install the lower inner ring clamp onto the mounting positioning pin of the inner ring mounting base. Place the bearing to be tested on the lower positioning cone surface of the lower inner ring clamp. The connecting screw of the upper inner ring clamp passes through the inner hole of the bearing to be tested and connects with the internal thread of the hollow hole structure of the lower inner ring clamp. After tightening, remove the assembly formed by the upper inner ring clamp, the bearing to be tested, and the lower inner ring clamp. Connect the positioning bracket to the mounting positioning pin of the outer ring mounting base. Install the assembly formed by the upper inner ring clamp, the bearing to be tested, and the lower inner ring clamp into the positioning bracket. The lower inner ring clamp... Connect the mounting positioning hole to the mounting positioning pin of the outer ring mounting base for positioning. Select the positioning screw hole in the height direction of the bearing outer ring, install the three semi-threaded bolts and tighten them to the outer diameter surface of the bearing to ensure radial positioning of the bearing. Remove the outer ring mounting base, install the clamp on the inner ring onto the rotating shaft through the rotating shaft interface, and connect the bottom bracket of the positioning bracket to the force gauge through a steel wire to ensure that the force gauge is fixed and on the same horizontal plane as the bottom bracket. Start the rotating shaft and measure the rotational torque and starting torque of the bearing under test by reading the force gauge.

2. The method of using the positioning and loading fixture for testing the torque of a ball bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting base includes an inner ring mounting base and an outer ring mounting base, which can be used independently.

3. The method of using the positioning and loading fixture for testing ball bearing torque according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end face of the pressure cap is provided with an upper positioning cone surface that mates with the inner hole of the bearing inner ring. The connecting screw is connected to the upper positioning cone surface, and a handle is provided on the end face of the pressure cap away from the upper positioning cone surface.

4. The method of using the positioning and loading fixture for testing ball bearing torque according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning bracket includes a bottom bracket and three sets of longitudinally arranged threaded hole brackets mounted on the bottom bracket. The three sets of threaded hole brackets are evenly distributed along the circumference, and each threaded hole bracket has several positioning screw holes arranged at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction. The positioning screw holes on the three sets of threaded hole brackets are set one-to-one.

5. The method of using the positioning and loading fixture for testing ball bearing torque according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the positioning bracket is connected to the force gauge via a steel wire, and the force gauge and the bottom of the positioning bracket are on the same horizontal plane.

6. The method of using the positioning and loading fixture for testing ball bearing torque according to claim 1, characterized in that: The product of the force gauge reading and the radius of the bottom support is the bearing's rotational torque, and the bearing's rotational torque when it starts is the starting torque.

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