Point load lifting forks for lifting and erecting formwork

Abstract

The present invention provides an apparatus for lifting a template member, the apparatus comprising: an elongated horizontal element including a first end and a second end, and at least a first attachment point and a second attachment point for attaching to a lifting device, wherein the horizontal element includes a weight element at the first end; a vertical element disposed in the second end of the horizontal member, wherein the vertical member includes an upper end and a lower end and protrudes downward from the horizontal member; and a hook-shaped body disposed in the lower end of the vertical member, the hook-shaped body protruding a distance relative to the first end of the horizontal member such that the attachment point is centered between the first attachment point and the second attachment point.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a point-loaded lifting fork for lifting vertical template components. Background Technology

[0002] Formwork and formwork systems are commonly used when constructing modern buildings and structures made of concrete or with concrete foundations. Traditional steel formwork systems are difficult to operate, primarily due to their immense weight and inconvenient dimensions. For the same reason, all assembly is performed using cranes. Formwork equipment scattered unnecessarily over large areas on a construction site reveals poor storage practices. Clutter on a construction site makes it difficult to understand the overall condition of the equipment, and the first impression of the construction site will be poor.

[0003] The disadvantage of crane transport associated with formwork installation is that parts are typically lifted / transported in small packages using only one size of formwork component at a time. On construction sites, formwork components and panels are frequently transported over long distances. Transporting formwork in small units over long distances using cranes is time-consuming and often must be done at the expense of other work. A lack of crane capacity on construction sites leads to reduced schedules and increased costs. The transport of formwork components constitutes a significant cost because: externally, formwork is frequently transported long distances to and from the construction site, and internally, on the construction site, formwork equipment is transported in small packages using cranes for intermediate storage, assembly, disassembly, and truck loading.

[0004] Norwegian patents 321441 and 337204 describe a pallet system for transporting upright formwork components, and a method for lifting such pallets by means of a belt having two or more attachment points for the upright formwork components. This results in manual work of attaching the belt device to the upright formwork components, requiring the movement of one formwork component at a time. Due to the considerable height, attaching the lifting belt to the upright components is not an advantageous solution. Selecting and manipulating components during the work cycle quickly constitutes a significant amount of work time for the work team. Document CN 110668308 A shows an unbalanced lifting device for lifting formwork shutters, comprising a crossbeam with fastening clamps, the crossbeam being designed as an elongated horizontal element with a first end and a second end. A vertical component is located at the other end of the horizontal component and is provided with a nut to clamp the object. Document DD253989A1 shows a lifting device in which a lifting fork is inserted into a recess in the formwork component. The lifting fork has two mechanisms: one mechanism allows lifting from one of the long sides of the formwork hatch, and the other mechanism allows lifting from the upper part of the formwork hatch. Document DE 202019001296 U1 illustrates a design for a walkway that can be connected to the formwork hatch, and document D2 202012003497 U1 illustrates railings for the walkway to the formwork hatch.

[0005] More simply, compared to using known systems, the solution according to the invention enables a completely new, safer, faster, and simpler transport of formwork components from pallets to predetermined locations, for example, because the formwork panels can be transported from their upright positions on pallets without the need for complex fastening systems, and lifted and transported by cranes, trucks, and forklifts. The upright formwork components can better utilize storage space, and furthermore, they can then be more fully integrated with associated scaffold base plates, scaffold supports, and frames for corner components. Using formwork panels—which have scaffold base plates permanently attached to all main components—a formwork system with fewer parts can be achieved, and this system can then be constructed and dismantled more quickly. With each formwork panel having one scaffold base plate and two scaffold supports, considerable volume savings are achieved in terms of storage, transport and assembly, reduction, and maintenance.

[0006] Therefore, a lifting fork is needed that can quickly access the recessed attachment points of the upright formwork components and, of course, can be easily and securely attached to a tray with the upright formwork components. Additionally, a formwork component with a scaffold base plate permanently attached to the formwork is also needed.

[0007] However, the above-mentioned disadvantages and limitations can be avoided by using the point-loaded lifting fork of the present invention as described herein, and other advantages can be obtained by using the present invention as described below and in the claims. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present invention provides an apparatus for lifting a template member, the apparatus comprising: an elongated horizontal element including a first end and a second end, and at least a first attachment point and a second attachment point for attaching to a lifting device, wherein the horizontal element includes a weight element at its first end; a vertical element disposed in the second end of the horizontal member, wherein the vertical member includes an upper end and a lower end and protrudes downward from the horizontal member; and a hook-shaped body disposed in the lower end of the vertical member, the hook-shaped member protruding a distance relative to the first end of the horizontal member such that the attachment point is centered between the first attachment point and the second attachment point.

[0009] In one embodiment of the invention, the lifting device is a belt, rope, wire or other suitable elongated body for lifting, said elongated body being attached at one end to a means for providing lifting.

[0010] In another embodiment, the device for providing lifting is a hoisting crane, a lifting crane, a crane car, or a winch.

[0011] In another embodiment, the lifting device is divided into a first part and a second part at its lower end relative to the lifting fork, and wherein the elongated horizontal element includes a first attachment point and a second attachment point for attaching to the first part and the second part of the lifting device, respectively.

[0012] In another embodiment, the weight element can be moved and attached along the length of the horizontal element to change the center of gravity of the lifting fork.

[0013] A second aspect of the invention relates to a system for lifting an upright template member using a point-loaded lifting fork according to any embodiment of the invention, wherein the upright template member includes a central vertical profile, the central vertical profile being an elongated channel profile or a support, and wherein the vertical profile includes a recess that is adapted to an attachment point of the lifting fork located on a hook-shaped body.

[0014] In a second aspect of the invention, the present invention relates to a template component, the template component further comprising a scaffolding system, wherein the scaffolding system includes: a scaffolding base plate mounted on an upper portion of the template shell; and railing supports attached to pivotable retainers recessed in vertical profiles of the template component, the pivotable retainers being capable of pivoting to a suitable position.

[0015] In another embodiment of the second aspect, the scaffolding system of the present invention further includes a horizontal railing element attached to at least one railing support.

[0016] In another embodiment of the second aspect, the present invention relates to at least one horizontally extending profile incorporated in at least one railing element for adjusting the width of the railing. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To better understand the invention, a set of accompanying drawings is included. The same reference numerals in the different drawings describe the same features.

[0018] Figure 1 The image shows an upright template component on a tray.

[0019] Figure 2 The template of the template component is shown.

[0020] Figure 3 The template lifting fork is shown.

[0021] Figure 4 The image shows the upright template component being lifted from the pallet in a vertical position.

[0022] Figure 5 The lifting fork attached to the template component is shown.

[0023] Figure 6 The lifting fork is shown inserted into the template member from the side.

[0024] Figure 7 This shows a section of a formwork with a two-part scaffolding base plate on the top formwork.

[0025] Figure 8 The template with a two-part scaffold is shown as viewed from above.

[0026] Figure 9 The diagram shows a three-module railing with two supports positioned at a distance of two modules.

[0027] Figure 10 The three-module railing is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Figure 1 The main formwork component 1 is shown. The main formwork component 1 is provided with locking profiles 2 at intervals of one module, two modules, and one module, measured from the top. The locking profiles 2 have support holes and recessed formwork component locks. The main formwork component 1 is three module wide. Vertical beams, such as vertical profiles 3, are continuously spaced one module apart. The scaffold base plate 8 has the same width and length as the main component 1 and is permanently attached to all component dimensions. To provide easy lifting of the main formwork component 1, box-shaped vertical profiles 4, V-shaped profiles, and channel-type profiles are centered on the flat side of the main formwork component 1. The channel-type profiles include recessed openings 5 ​​for inserting lifting forks 9.

[0029] Figure 2 Two main formwork components 1 are shown, which are connected together using a detachable horizontal channel profile, an H-shaped profile 6 spanning three vertical profiles 3, and a plate component joint 7. The H-shaped profile 6 eliminates the need for a central row of support holes in the main formwork components 1 and reduces the number of necessary support rows.

[0030] Figure 3 A lifting fork 9 for a template is shown. The lifting fork 9 includes an elongated horizontal element 10, which is fastened to a lifting belt 11 at a first fastening point 12a and a second fastening point 12b. The lifting belt 11 is divided at its lower end at the lifting fork into a first end 13a and a second end 13b for attachment to the lifting fork 9 to the first attachment point 12a and the second attachment point 12b, respectively.

[0031] The horizontal element 10 includes a first end and a second end. A weight element 14 is included at the first end of the horizontal element 10, and a vertical element 15 protruding downwards from the other end of the horizontal element 10 is included. A hook-shaped body 16 is provided at the lower end of the vertical element, protruding a certain distance toward the first end of the horizontal element 10 such that a fastening point 17 on the hook-shaped body and a lifting belt 11 are located on a vertical line 23, with the lifting belt 11 centered between a first fastening point 12a and a second fastening point 12b. The lifting belt 11 can be a belt, rope, wire, or other suitable elongated body suitable for lifting.

[0032] To ensure that the lifting fork 9 is balanced approximately horizontally under load, i.e., under the attached template member, and without load, the attachment point 17 and the lifting belt 11 are located on the vertical line 23, and the torque generated by the weight element 14 is equal to the torque generated by the vertical element 15 and the hook body 16. To achieve this, assuming the horizontal element 10 is in equilibrium based on the lifting belt 11, the horizontal distance from the center between the first attachment point 12a and the second attachment point 12b to the center of mass of the weight element 14, multiplied by the weight of the weight element 14, must be equal to the distance from the center between the first attachment point 12a and the second attachment point 12b to the center of mass of the vertical element 15 and the hook body 16, multiplied by the weight of the vertical element 15 and the hook body 16. In one embodiment of the invention, the distance from the line of the lifting belt to the vertical element 15 of the horizontal element 10 is shorter than the distance from the line of the lifting belt to the weight element 14. In this embodiment, the remaining elements must compensate for the reduced torque from one side. In this way, lifting fork 9 will always be in the correct position.

[0033] The upright main template component, which stands on the pallet along with other main template components, will be hooked in the recess 5 of the main component by the attachment point 17 of the hook-shaped body 16, so that any weight becomes a point load acting on the same vertical line 23 as the lifting belt.

[0034] Figure 4 The pallet with the upright main formwork component 1 is shown as viewed from the side. The suspended main formwork component 1 is lifted in a vertical position at the center of gravity of the frame 1, located on the back of the vertical profile 4, using a point-loaded lifting fork 9. With the channel-shaped vertical profile 4 and ropes or straps 11 attached to the lifting fork 9, the component can then be quickly loaded and unloaded using the lifting fork 9. The use of the lifting fork 9 is a prerequisite for the formwork component to have a fixed scaffold base plate 8.

[0035] The point-loaded lifting fork 9, associated with conventional cable suspension, ensures that the suspended template component remains in the correct position during loading and assembly, even if the weight distribution of the template component changes due to the attachment of loose parts. The attachment point 17 of the hook-shaped body is fixed in the recess 5 of the central vertical profile 4 of the main template component 1, which serves as a channel profile. This simplifies the process of suspending and attaching another component to the lifting fork.

[0036] Figure 5A lifting fork 9 is shown attached to a template member of the type 1 main template member, wherein the hook-shaped body 16 of the lifting fork 9 passes through a recess 5. A retaining body 25 is attached to a vertical profile 4 and adapted to receive an attachment point 17, since the retaining body 25 and the attachment point 17 include corresponding contact surfaces when joined. These corresponding contact surfaces are connected to each other by lifting to create a connection, for example, because the fastening point 17 includes a surface shaped in a form-fit manner and the retaining body 25 includes a surface having a shape opposite to that of the fastening point 17. In one embodiment, the lifting fork 9 includes a guide strap 26 disposed on the lifting fork 9 to pass through the fastening point arranged on the vertical element 15. The guide strap 26 controls the rotation of the lifting fork 9 from the ground about a vertical line 23, and is an important tool for quick turning and retrieving template members standing on a tray. The guide strap 26 includes a free end at the end opposite to the end attached to the lifting fork 9, which the user can use to manipulate the position of the lifting fork 9 from the ground.

[0037] Figure 6 The main template member 1 is shown, wherein a lifting fork 9 is inserted from the side of the main template member 1. This application of the lifting fork 9 is advantageous, for example, when a damaged template member 1 needs to be removed or inserted between two or more template members seated on a tray having upright template members.

[0038] In order to enable the lifting fork 9 as described herein to be used on formwork components with scaffolding, it is advantageous to provide a formwork component with a fixed scaffolding base plate 8. Figure 7 A section of a formwork with a two-part scaffold base plate 8 is shown, where two opposing formwork members 1 have their scaffold base plates 8 fixedly fastened to their top portions with secure fasteners. The scaffold base plate 8 is adapted to the width and thickness of the formwork members and is permanently attached to all main formwork members 1. Handrail supports 18 are attached to pivotable retainers 19 recessed in vertical profiles 3, which are adapted to receive the handrail supports 18. The pivotable retainers 19 are capable of rotating about attachment point 20 such that the retainers 19 are pivoted to an upright position when not in use, so that the retainers 19 do not protrude beyond the edge of the scaffold base plate 8. Attachment point 20 may be a through-bolt that passes through a hole in the retainer 19 on one or both sides. Inside the formwork members, one of the formwork plates 24 is illustrated. The formwork with the two-part scaffold 8 provides a good working position for operators who will later stand directly on the formwork. This two-part formwork prevents the formwork from being contaminated by concrete and creates a more comfortable working position for receiving concrete.

[0039] Figure 8The diagram shows a formwork system with a two-part scaffolding base plate 8 as seen from above. The two-part scaffolding base plate, extending from one corner to the other on the inner side, simplifies passageways from one wall length to another (without cost / additional equipment), except where the scaffolding then has an entrance at each corner without railings.

[0040] Figure 9 Three modules are shown, wherein the railing element 21 is attached to two railing supports 18 at a distance of two modules. Figure 10 A three-module long railing with railing elements 21 is shown, each railing element 21 having a pull-out profile 22 for adjusting the railing with unsuitable component sizes.

[0041] The system described herein, among other things, enables the creation of very simple railings by having retainers 19 for the support member 18 recessed into the vertical profile 3 of the formwork. This formwork, with its built-in scaffolding and railings, allows the operator to place their feet on the two wall sides while filling the mold provided by the formwork. This invention also enables formwork systems without unsecured scaffold supports and unsecured scaffold base plates, and it occupies less space and is easier to move and construct than conventional known solutions. The absence of supports on the scaffold base plate simplifies the storage and handling of all formwork materials.

[0042] Although specific embodiments of the invention have been described and illustrated herein, it is known that modifications and alterations can be readily made by those skilled in the art, and therefore the claims are intended to cover such modifications and equivalents.

[0043] List of reference numerals

[0044] 1. Main formwork components

[0045] 2 Locking profile

[0046] 3. Vertical profiles, V-shaped profiles, vertical positioning beams, and channel-type profiles

[0047] 4. Box-shaped vertical profiles

[0048] 5. Recesses in the box-shaped vertical profile for lifting forks

[0049] 6. Horizontal profiles, H-shaped profiles, and detachable horizontal channel profiles.

[0050] 7. Joints between plate components, joints between two template plates

[0051] 8. Scaffold base plate

[0052] 9 Lifting Fork

[0053] 10. Elongated horizontal body

[0054] 11. Lifting belt

[0055] The first attachment point and the second attachment point on the horizontal body of 12a and 12b

[0056] The first and second end portions of the lifting belts 13a and 13b

[0057] 14. Weight components

[0058] 15 Vertical components

[0059] 16 Hook-shaped part

[0060] 17. Attachment point of the hook-shaped part

[0061] 18. Railing support components

[0062] 19. Guardrail retainer

[0063] 20 Rotation points, fasteners

[0064] 21. Railing components

[0065] 22 Pull-out profiles

[0066] 23 Vertical lines

[0067] 24 Template Panels

[0068] 25. Maintain the original body

[0069] 26 guide belts

Claims

1. A system for lifting an upright template member (1) using a point-loaded lifting fork (9), the point-loaded lifting fork (9) comprising: An elongated horizontal element (10) includes a first end and a second end, and at least a first fastening point (12a) and a second fastening point (12b) for fastening the lifting device (11), wherein the horizontal element (10) includes a weight element (14) at the first end of the horizontal element (10); A vertical element (15) is disposed on the second end of the horizontal element (10), wherein the vertical element (15) includes an upper end and a lower end and protrudes downward from the horizontal element (10); A hook-shaped body (16) is disposed in the lower end of the vertical element (15), wherein the hook-shaped body (16) protrudes a distance relative to the first end of the horizontal element (10), such that the attachment point (17) on the hook-shaped body (16) and the lifting device (11) are located on the vertical line (23), and the lifting device (11) is centered between the first fastening point (12a) and the second fastening point (12b). The upright template component (1) includes a centrally located first vertical profile (4), which is a channel-type profile, and the channel-type profile includes a recess (5) that corresponds to the attachment point (17) of the point-loaded lifting fork located on the hook-shaped body (16). The template component further includes a scaffolding system, which comprises: Scaffold base plate (8), which is installed on the upper part of the template component (1); A railing support (18) is attached to a pivotable retainer (19) which is recessed in a second vertical profile (3), which is a vertically positioned beam on the template member (1). The pivotable retainer (19) rotates about a rotation point (20) so that the retainer (19) can pivot to an upright position.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The lifting device (11) is a belt, rope, wire or other suitable elongated body for lifting, which is attached at one end to a device for providing lifting.

3. The system according to claim 2, wherein, The device used to provide lifting is a hoisting crane, lifting crane, crane car, or winch.

4. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The lifting device (11) is divided into a first part (13a) and a second part (13b) at the lower end of the lifting device (11) toward the point-loaded lifting fork, and wherein the elongated horizontal element (10) includes a first fastening point (12a) and a second fastening point (12b) for attaching to the first part (13a) and the second part (13b) of the lifting device (11) respectively.

5. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The weight element (14) is movable and secured along the length of the horizontal element (10) to change the center of gravity of the point-loaded lifting fork (9).

6. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The scaffolding system also includes a horizontal railing element (21) attached to at least one railing support (18).

7. The system according to claim 6, wherein, The scaffolding system also includes at least one horizontal pull-out profile (22) which is incorporated into at least one railing element (21) for adjusting the width of the railing element (21).

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