Chemical fiber vacuum filter and filtering process

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of polyester pre-spinning, in particular to a chemical fiber vacuum filtering device and a filtering process, which comprises a negative pressure water removing device and a filtering device arranged in sequence; the negative pressure water removing device comprises a vacuum box, a feeding port and a discharging port are formed in the vacuum box, the discharging port is connected with the filtering device, a negative pressure port is arranged on the vacuum box, the negative pressure port is connected with a vacuum pump, and a stirring assembly and a heating assembly are further arranged in the vacuum box; an electric control box electrically connected with the negative pressure water removing device and the filtering device is arranged. The application has the effects of filtering water in a molten body, guaranteeing the toughness of subsequent spinning and improving the filtering efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of polyester spinning pre-spinning, and in particular to a chemical fiber vacuum filter and filtration process. Background Technology

[0002] The polyester spinning process mainly includes polymerization, melting, filtration, fiber collection, and fiber drawing. Details are as follows: 1. Polymerization: The process of dehydrating and polymerizing polyester chips under high temperature and pressure to form polyester melt. Commonly used polymerization methods include direct transesterification, prepolymerization, and diesterization. 2. Melting: The polymerized polyester melt is melted at high temperature to give it a certain fluidity, which is beneficial for subsequent filtration and spinning processes. Commonly used melt processing equipment includes polyester melt tanks, melt filtration systems, and melt delivery pipes. 3. Filtration: The molten polyester melt is passed through a metal wire mesh or ceramic filter to remove impurities. A uniform and stable melt is obtained to ensure spinning quality. 4. Fiber Searching: The filtered polyester melt is passed through the small holes of a fiber search plate to form a uniform filamentous melt flow. This is called "fiber searching." Its function is to organize the turbulent flow of the polyester melt and ensure a consistent flow direction, which is beneficial for fiber drawing. 5. Drawing: The uniform filamentous melt obtained from the drawing process is drawn into ultra-fine polyester fibers from the surface of a high-speed rotating fabric or rod under centrifugal force. This process is called "drawing". 6. Twisting: During the drawing process or after leaving the fabric, the fibers are twisted in two or more directions to impart the necessary strength and elasticity. 7. Post-treatment: The spun polyester fibers undergo finishing processes such as fabric fabric preparation and dyeing to improve their appearance and impart the necessary strength and effects.

[0003] However, polyester chips are currently hygroscopic, and even at high temperatures during the melting process, the moisture cannot be completely removed. Currently available filtration devices, whether metal mesh or ceramic, can only filter solid impurities and cannot filter moisture, which leads to insufficient toughness and easy breakage during subsequent spinning. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a chemical fiber vacuum filter, which has the advantage of filtering moisture from the melt, thereby ensuring the toughness of subsequent spinning.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A chemical fiber vacuum filter includes a negative pressure dewatering device and a filtration device arranged sequentially. The negative pressure dewatering device includes a vacuum chamber with an inlet and an outlet. The outlet is connected to a filter. The vacuum chamber has a negative pressure port connected to a vacuum pump. The vacuum chamber also contains a stirring assembly and a heating assembly. It also includes an electrical control box that is electrically connected to the filter of the negative pressure dewatering device.

[0006] The above technical solution enables the vacuum pump to create a vacuum inside the vacuum chamber, forming a negative pressure. This allows the water adsorbed in the melt to easily vaporize and be extracted after entering the vacuum chamber from the feed inlet due to the reduced pressure, thereby reducing the moisture content of the melt. It also removes carbonized impurities and dust, improving the purity of the melt and ensuring the toughness and strength of subsequent spinning. Furthermore, the heating and stirring components make it easier for the water trapped inside the melt to be discharged.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of this application, the stirring assembly includes a stirring shaft rotatably mounted thereon, a stirring element mounted on the stirring shaft for stirring and propelling the melt forward, and a motor mounted on the vacuum chamber for driving the stirring shaft to rotate.

[0008] The above technical solution enables the motor to drive the stirring shaft and the stirring blades on the stirring shaft to rotate, thereby stirring the melt and exposing the water vapor trapped inside the melt. This water vapor is then adsorbed out by a vacuum pump, thereby further improving the dryness of the melt and ensuring the toughness of the subsequent spinning.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of this application, the stirring component includes a plurality of stirring rods spirally arranged along the stirring shaft, and spiral stirring blades are connected between the ends of the plurality of stirring rods, the spiral stirring blades being fitted into the inner wall of the vacuum chamber.

[0010] The above technical solution enables the agitator to push the melt forward while stirring it, so that the melt is pushed from the feed port to the discharge port and then discharged, thereby ensuring the orderly feeding of the melt and the sufficient stirring.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of this application, the heating assembly includes a heating tube spirally wound inside the wall of a vacuum chamber. The heating tube is connected to a heating box via a pipe. A heating agent is placed inside the heating box. A heating rod is placed inside the heating box. A pump for supplying the heating agent to the heating tube is installed on the connecting pipe between the heating box and the heating tube. The outlet of the heating tube is connected to the heating box via a pipe.

[0012] The above technical solution allows the heating agent, heated by the heating rod, to be supplied into the heating tube, thereby heating the melt inside the vacuum chamber. The outlet of the heating tube is connected to the heating chamber via a pipe, allowing the heating agent to flow back into the heating chamber, thus achieving heating agent recycling; and during the heating process, the moisture can be more easily vaporized so that it can be extracted by the vacuum pump, thereby ensuring the dehydration rate.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of this application, a temperature sensor is installed inside the vacuum chamber, and the temperature sensor and the heating rod are electrically connected to the electrical control box.

[0014] The above technical solution enables the electrical control box to control the heating rod to heat the heating agent when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature inside the vacuum chamber is too low. Then, the hot heating agent is supplied to the heating tube by the pump, thereby automatically heating the vacuum chamber.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of this application, the filtration device includes a distributor, which includes a main inlet pipe and a plurality of outlet branch pipes. Each outlet branch pipe is connected to a filter element, and each outlet branch pipe is equipped with a pressure pump.

[0016] The above technical solution enables the molten material to pass through the filter element under a certain pressure under the action of the pressurizing pump, thereby ensuring the filtration effect. When the filter element becomes clogged, the pressure sensor detects the pressure increase, thereby controlling the pressurizing pump of the current filter element to stop working, and then starting a new pressurizing pump, so that the molten material can enter the new filter element for filtration, thereby ensuring the integrity of the filtration effect.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of this application, a positive displacement pump is provided on the feed manifold.

[0018] The above technical solution enables the molten material to enter the new filter element for filtration, thereby ensuring the integrity of the filtration effect.

[0019] This application also provides a chemical fiber vacuum filtration process, which adopts the following technical solution: The chemical fiber vacuum filtration process includes the following steps: S1. Negative pressure dehydration: The molten polyester extruded from the screw extruder is fed into the negative pressure dehydration device from the feed port for dehydration. During the dehydration process, the vacuum chamber is kept at 60-80 kPa by a vacuum pump, and the temperature is controlled at 280-305°C by a heating component. Then, it is discharged from the outlet and sent to the filter device. S2. Distribution filtration: The dehydrated melt is automatically distributed to the normal filter elements by starting and stopping the pressure pump on the electronic controller and distributor, and the pressure pump is set to output pressure of 3MPa.

[0020] To achieve the above technical solution, S1, the molten polyester extruded by the screw extruder is fed into the negative pressure dehydration device from the feed port for dehydration. Then, the vacuum chamber is kept at 60-80 kPa by a vacuum pump, and the temperature is controlled at 280-305°C by a heating component to ensure dehydration efficiency. Then, it is discharged from the discharge port and sent to the filtration device.

[0021] S2. Distribution Filtration: The dehydrated melt is automatically distributed to the normal filter elements by starting and stopping the pressurization pump on the controller and distributor. The pressurization pump is set to output pressure of 3MPa to ensure the filtration effect of the subsequent filter elements. When the filter elements are clogged, the pressurization pump can be started and stopped by the controller to achieve the effect of automatically switching filter elements without manual monitoring, thereby improving filtration efficiency.

[0022] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The vacuum pump can create a vacuum inside the vacuum chamber, forming a negative pressure. This causes the water adsorbed in the melt to easily vaporize and be extracted as the pressure decreases after the melt enters the vacuum chamber from the feed port. This reduces the moisture content of the melt and removes carbonized impurities and dust, improving the purity of the melt and ensuring the toughness and strength of subsequent spinning. Furthermore, the heating and stirring components further facilitate the removal of moisture trapped inside the melt. 2. When the filter element is clogged, the controller can control the start and stop of the pressure pump, thereby achieving the effect of automatically switching the filter element without manual monitoring, thus improving filtration efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heating tube structure in an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Reference numerals: 1. Negative pressure dewatering device; 11. Support frame; 12. Vacuum box; 13. Negative pressure port; 14. Vacuum pump; 15. Pressure detector; 16. Stirring assembly; 161. Stirring shaft; 162. Stirring rod; 163. Spiral stirring blade; 164. Motor; 17. Heating assembly; 171. Heating tube; 172. Heating box; 173. Heating rod; 2. Filtering device; 21. Pipe body; 22. Main feed pipe; 23. Branch discharge pipe; 24. Pressure sensor; 25. Filter element; 26. Pressurization pump; 27. Positive displacement pump; 3. Electrical control box. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1 to 3 This application will be described in further detail.

[0029] This application discloses a synthetic fiber vacuum filter. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The chemical fiber vacuum filter includes a negative pressure dewatering device 1 and a filtration device 2 arranged sequentially along the melt conveying direction. The negative pressure dewatering device 1 includes a support 11, on which a vacuum box 12 is fixed. The vacuum box 12 consists of a vacuum box and a box cover that is bolted to the vacuum box via a flange. A mechanical seal is provided between the box cover and the vacuum box to ensure the airtightness of the vacuum box 12. The modular vacuum box 12 is easy for personnel to disassemble and maintain.

[0030] The vacuum chamber 12 is equipped with an inlet and an outlet. The outlet is connected to the filter device 2, allowing the molten material to enter the vacuum chamber 12 from the inlet and then be sent to the filter device 2 from the outlet. The vacuum chamber 12 is also equipped with a negative pressure port 13, which is connected to a vacuum pump 14. This allows the vacuum pump 14 to create a vacuum inside the vacuum chamber 12, resulting in a negative pressure. Consequently, when the molten material enters the vacuum chamber 12 from the inlet, the reduced pressure causes the moisture adsorbed in the molten material to easily vaporize and be extracted, thus reducing the moisture content. Furthermore, it can remove carbonized impurities and dust, improving the purity of the molten material and ensuring the toughness and strength of subsequent spinning. A pressure detector 15 is installed on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber 12, and an electrical control box 3 is installed on the bracket 11. The vacuum pump 14 and the pressure detector 15 are both electrically connected to the electrical control box 3. When the pressure detector 15 detects that the pressure inside the vacuum chamber 12 is too high, the electrical control box 3 can automatically control the vacuum pump 14 to work, thereby ensuring the vacuum level of the vacuum chamber 12.

[0031] To extract moisture from the melt, a stirring device is installed inside the vacuum chamber 12. This device includes a stirring shaft 161 rotatably mounted on the vacuum chamber, with stirring elements installed on the portion of the shaft extending into the chamber 12. A motor 164 is mounted on the outer wall of the vacuum chamber 12, and its output shaft is connected to the stirring shaft 161. This allows the motor to rotate the stirring shaft 161 and its blades, thereby agitating the melt and exposing any trapped moisture. This moisture is then adsorbed by the vacuum pump 14, further improving the melt's dryness and ensuring the toughness of the subsequent spinning process. The agitator includes several agitator rods 162 mounted on a stirring shaft 161. The agitator rods 162 are spirally coiled around the stirring shaft 161, and the ends of the agitator rods 162 are connected to spiral stirring blades 163. The spiral stirring blades 163 are fitted against the inner wall of the vacuum chamber 12, so that the agitator can push the melt forward while stirring the melt, thereby pushing the melt from the feed port to the discharge port and being discharged, thus ensuring the orderly feeding of the melt and the sufficient stirring.

[0032] To prevent the increased viscosity of the melt during stirring and vacuuming from causing blockage of the outlet due to impaired stirring, a heating assembly 17 is installed inside the wall of the vacuum chamber 12. The heating assembly 17 includes a heating tube 171 spirally wound inside the wall of the vacuum chamber 12. The heating tube 171 is connected to a heating box 172 via a pipe. The heating box 172 contains a heating agent and a heating rod 173. A pump is installed on the connecting pipe between the heating box 172 and the heating tube 171 to supply the heating agent to the heating tube 171, thereby heating the melt inside the vacuum chamber 12. The outlet of the heating tube 171 is connected to the heating box 172 via a pipe, allowing the heating agent to flow back into the heating box 172, thus achieving heating agent recycling. A temperature sensor is also installed on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber 12. The temperature sensor, heating rod 173, and pump are all connected to the electrical control box 3. When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature inside the vacuum chamber 12 is too low, the electrical control box 3 can control the heating rod 173 to heat the heating agent. Then, the pump supplies the hot heating agent into the heating tube 171, thereby automatically heating the vacuum chamber 12. During the heating process, moisture is more easily vaporized so that it can be extracted by the vacuum pump 14, thus ensuring a high dehydration rate.

[0033] The filtration device 2 includes a distributor, which comprises a pipe body 21. The pipe body 21 is equipped with a main feed pipe 22 and several branch discharge pipes 23. Each branch discharge pipe 23 is connected to a filter element 25. The filter element 25 can be a commercially available filtration device such as a metal wire mesh or ceramic filter. Each filter element 25 is equipped with a pressure sensor 24 to detect whether it is clogged. Each branch discharge pipe 23 is equipped with a pressure pump 26, allowing the molten material to pass through the filter element 25 at a certain pressure under the action of the pressure pump 26, thus ensuring the filtration effect. The pressure sensor 24 and the pressure pump 26 are both connected to the electrical control box 3. When the filter element 25 becomes clogged, the pressure sensor 24 detects an increase in pressure, thereby stopping the pressure pump 26 of the current filter element 25 and starting a new pressure pump 26, allowing the molten material to enter the new filter element 25 for filtration, thus ensuring the integrity of the filtration effect. The clogged filter element 25 can be cleaned and maintained by personnel, thus ensuring production efficiency. Furthermore, no personnel are required to monitor the condition of the filter element 25, ensuring filtration efficiency. Simultaneously, a positive displacement pump 27 is installed on the feed main pipe 22, allowing the molten material to pass quantitatively through the filter element 25 under the action of the positive displacement pump 27, thereby ensuring the filtration and spinning effect. The pressure sensor 24 and the pressurization pump 26 are both connected to the electrical control box 3. When the filter element 25 becomes clogged, the pressure sensor 24 detects an increase in pressure, thereby stopping the pressurization pump 26 for the current filter element 25 and starting a new pressurization pump 26, allowing the molten material to enter the new filter element 25 for filtration, thus ensuring the integrity of the filtration effect.

[0034] The implementation principle of a chemical fiber vacuum filter according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: Before filtration, the melt needs to pass through a vacuum chamber 12. In the vacuum chamber 12, a negative pressure is created by the vacuum pump 14, causing the moisture in the melt to vaporize and be discharged, thus ensuring the dryness of the melt. Simultaneously, the melt is stirred and conveyed forward within the vacuum chamber 12, ensuring that the moisture inside the melt is exposed, thereby guaranteeing the dehydration effect. After the melt has been dehydrated, it is quantitatively fed into the filter device 2 by a volumetric pump. Then, the filter element 25 is switched in real time by the electrical control box 3, ensuring the continuity of filtration, thereby guaranteeing filtration efficiency and saving labor.

[0035] This application also provides a chemical fiber vacuum filtration process that applies the chemical fiber vacuum filter from the above embodiments, which includes the following specific steps: S1. The molten polyester extruded from the screw extruder is fed into the negative pressure dehydration device 1 through the feed port for dehydration. Then, the vacuum pump 14 keeps the vacuum chamber 12 at 60-80 kPa, and the heating component 17 controls the temperature at 280-305°C to ensure dehydration efficiency and prevent melt degradation due to excessive temperature. Finally, it is discharged from the discharge port and sent to the filter device 2.

[0036] S2. Distribution Filtration: The pressurization pump 26 on the distributor automatically distributes the dehydrated molten material to the normal filter elements 25 via the start and stop of the controller and the pressurization pump 26. The output pressure of the pressurization pump 26 is set to 3MPa to ensure the filtration effect of the subsequent filter elements 25. When the filter elements 25 are clogged, the start and stop of the pressurization pump 26 can be controlled by the controller to achieve the effect of automatically switching the filter elements 25 without manual monitoring, thereby improving filtration efficiency.

[0037] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A chemical fiber vacuum filter, characterized in that: It includes a negative pressure dewatering device (1) and a filtration device (2) arranged in sequence; The negative pressure dewatering device (1) includes a vacuum chamber (12), which has an inlet and an outlet. The outlet is connected to the filter device (2). The vacuum chamber (12) is provided with a negative pressure port (13), which is connected to a vacuum pump (14). The vacuum chamber (12) is also provided with a stirring assembly (16) and a heating assembly (17). It also includes an electrical control box (3) that is electrically connected to the negative pressure dewatering device (1) and the filter device (2).

2. The chemical fiber vacuum filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring assembly (16) includes a stirring shaft (161) rotatably mounted, a stirring element for stirring and propelling the melt forward on the stirring shaft (161), and a motor (164) for driving the stirring shaft (161) to rotate on the vacuum box (12).

3. The chemical fiber vacuum filter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stirring component includes several stirring rods (162) spirally arranged along the stirring shaft (161), and spiral stirring blades (163) are connected between the ends of the several stirring rods (162). The spiral stirring blades (163) are fitted against the inner wall of the vacuum chamber (12).

4. The chemical fiber vacuum filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating assembly (17) includes a heating tube (171) spirally wound inside the wall of the vacuum chamber (12). The heating tube (171) is connected to a heating chamber (172) via a pipe. A heating agent is provided inside the heating chamber (172). A heating rod (173) is provided inside the heating chamber (172). A pump for supplying the heating agent to the heating tube (171) is provided on the connecting pipe between the heating chamber (172) and the heating tube (171). The outlet of the heating tube (171) is connected to the heating chamber (172) via a pipe.

5. The chemical fiber vacuum filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: A temperature sensor is installed inside the vacuum chamber (12), and the temperature sensor and the heating rod (173) are electrically connected to the electrical control box (3).

6. The chemical fiber vacuum filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filtration device (2) includes a distributor, which includes a feed main pipe (22) and several discharge branch pipes (23). Each discharge branch pipe (23) is connected to a filter element (25), and each discharge branch pipe (23) is equipped with a pressure pump (26).

7. The chemical fiber vacuum filter according to claim 6, characterized in that: A positive displacement pump (27) is installed on the feed manifold (22).

8. The chemical fiber vacuum filter according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes an electrical control box (3), in which a pressure detector is provided, and the pressure sensor (24) and the pressurizing pump (26) are electrically connected to the electrical control box (3).

9. A chemical fiber vacuum filtration process, characterized in that: The application of the chemical fiber vacuum filter as described in any one of claims 6-8 includes the following steps: S1. Negative pressure dewatering: The molten polyester extruded by the screw extruder is fed into the negative pressure dewatering device (1) from the feed port for dewatering. During the dewatering process, the vacuum box (12) is kept at 60-80KPa by the vacuum pump (14), and the temperature is controlled at 280-305℃ by the heating component (17). Then it is discharged from the discharge port and sent to the filter device (2). S2. Distribution filtration: The dehydrated melt is automatically distributed to the normal filter element (25) by starting and stopping the pressure pump (26) on the controller and distributor, and the pressure pump (26) is set to output pressure of 3MPa.

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