A comprehensive method for treating copper smelting dust

Abstract

This invention provides a method for the comprehensive treatment of copper smelting dust, comprising the following steps: (1) mixing copper smelting dust and carbon-containing powder, granulating to obtain roasted material; (2) roasting the roasted material obtained in step (1) once to obtain liquid crude lead, primary roasting slag, and primary flue gas; (3) mixing hydrochloric acid and the primary roasting slag obtained in step (2), and then performing secondary roasting to obtain secondary roasting slag and secondary flue gas. This invention treats copper smelting dust using a two-stage roasting method, achieving the safe disposal and comprehensive utilization of metallurgical hazardous waste copper smelting dust. The staged roasting temperature is lower than conventional roasting, saving energy and reducing consumption, thus lowering the cost of copper smelting dust treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of non-ferrous metallurgy and solid waste resource recycling technology, and relates to a method for comprehensive treatment of copper smelting dust, particularly a process for separating arsenic, lead, and zinc and enriching copper through graded roasting of copper smelting dust. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, copper production has gradually increased, and copper consumption and the demand for raw materials have also been rising. Due to the shortage of high-grade copper ore, the recovery and utilization of copper smelting dust is essential, and its efficient disposal has become a key issue for the sustainable development of copper smelting.

[0003] Copper smelting fumes contain large amounts of highly toxic arsenic compounds and valuable metals such as lead and zinc. They must be separated and recycled separately to ensure their reuse in the copper smelting process. Existing inventions utilize pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical, and combined pyrometallurgical-hydrometallurgical processes to treat copper smelting fumes in a harmless and resource-efficient manner.

[0004] CN 111676374A discloses a clean production method for copper smelting fumes and lead-containing secondary materials. This method involves adding silicon- and calcium-containing oxides, iron-containing oxides, and a binder to the copper smelting fumes and / or lead-containing secondary materials, and then mixing them with coke in a blast furnace to complete preheating, reduction, smelting separation, and stratified recovery of the various metals. CN 115198114A discloses a system for recovering elemental arsenic from copper smelting fumes. This system includes a rotary kiln, a gas conveying device, and a heating device. The rotary kiln is divided into a heating section, a reduction section, and a collection section, allowing for continuous feeding and continuous production, achieving automated arsenic recovery and the harmless treatment of copper smelting fumes. CN 114990341A discloses a method for mixed leaching of zinc oxide and copper white dust. Zinc oxide, copper white dust, and waste electrolyte are mixed and subjected to neutral leaching. The neutral leaching residue is then subjected to acidic leaching with sulfuric acid. Zinc oxide and zinc powder are added sequentially to the acid leaching solution to obtain copper slag and a dechlorinated copper precipitate. The dechlorinated copper precipitate is then subjected to oxygen pressure precipitation to remove arsenic, yielding ferric arsenate slag, thus improving the separation efficiency of copper and arsenic. CN 107779607A discloses a method for efficient separation of copper and arsenic from copper smelting dust. Copper smelting dust is slurried using an appropriate amount of water, dilute sulfuric acid solution, or a two-stage leaching solution, followed by atmospheric pressure leaching. Metal oxides and salts such as arsenic, copper, iron, zinc, and cadmium in the dust are leached into the solution, while sulfides such as arsenic and copper, which are difficult to leach, remain in the slag. The leaching residue is further subjected to pressure leaching to improve the leaching rate of arsenic and copper, achieving efficient removal and recovery of copper and arsenic from the dust. CN 110669941A discloses a method for selective arsenic removal and valuable metal recovery from white smoke dust. The method involves mixing arsenic-containing white smoke dust from copper smelting, sulfuric acid, and additives in a specific ratio, then acidifying the mixture. The acidified material is then calcined at 250-600℃ for 1-6 hours, causing the arsenic in the white smoke dust to volatilize into the smoke dust as arsenic trioxide, while the valuable metals are added to the slag as sulfates, thus achieving arsenic removal. The calcined slag is then leached with water, and copper and zinc are recovered from the filtrate, while other metals are recovered from the filter residue.

[0005] Analysis of the methods provided by the above patents shows that: pyrometallurgical roasting has high temperature and high energy consumption, and can only remove arsenic or lead, while metals such as zinc need to be removed by other methods; while wet method separates elements by adding a variety of reagents, which consumes a lot of reagents and generates a large amount of wastewater.

[0006] Therefore, providing a treatment method with low energy consumption, low reagent consumption, simple process and low cost has become one of the urgent problems to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a comprehensive method for treating copper smelting fumes. This invention solves the problems of high energy consumption, large reagent consumption, complex processes, and high overall costs in the harmless treatment and resource utilization of copper smelting fumes by employing a staged roasting method.

[0008] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] This invention provides a method for comprehensively treating copper smelting fumes, the method comprising the following steps:

[0010] (1) Mix copper smelting dust and carbon-containing powder, and then granulate to obtain roasting material;

[0011] (2) The roasting material obtained in step (1) is roasted once to obtain liquid crude lead, primary roasting residue and primary flue gas;

[0012] (3) Mix hydrochloric acid and the primary roasting residue obtained in step (2), and then perform secondary roasting to obtain secondary roasting residue and secondary flue gas.

[0013] This invention separates arsenic and lead from copper smelting fumes through a primary roasting process and separates copper and zinc from copper smelting fumes through a secondary roasting process. Both the primary and secondary roasting processes are carried out in an air atmosphere, with the primary roasting process conducted in a smelting furnace and the secondary roasting process conducted in a fluidized bed furnace. In step (2), the liquid crude lead obtained is discharged from the bottom, the primary flue gas is discharged from the top of the furnace, and the primary roasting slag is discharged from the lower middle slag outlet; in step (3), the secondary roasting slag obtained is discharged from the bottom, and the secondary flue gas is discharged from the top of the furnace.

[0014] In step (3) of this invention, the hydrochloric acid reacts with the oxides of elements such as lead, zinc, copper, and iron in the primary roasting material to generate metal chlorides.

[0015] The granulation in step (1) of this invention includes: mixing copper smelting dust, carbon-containing powder, water and binder, and preparing calcined material by granulation machine.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the carbon-containing powder in step (1) includes coke powder, coal powder or activated carbon powder. Typical but non-limiting combinations include: a combination of coke powder and coal powder, a combination of coke powder and activated carbon powder, a combination of coal powder and activated carbon powder, or a combination of coke powder, coal powder and activated carbon powder.

[0017] Preferably, the average particle size of the carbon-containing powder is 2 to 4 mm, for example, it can be 2 mm, 2.5 mm, 3 mm, 3.5 mm or 4 mm, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable.

[0018] Preferably, the average particle size of the copper smelting dust is 4 to 8 mm, for example, it can be 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm or 8 mm, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable.

[0019] Preferably, the molar ratio of carbon in the carbon-containing powder to lead and arsenic in the copper smelting dust is C:(As+Pb)=(1.2~2):1, for example, it can be 1.2:1, 1.4:1, 1.6:1, 1.8:1 or 2:1, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable.

[0020] It is worth noting that the carbon powder in this invention is used as a reducing agent and to provide heat. If its content is too high, it will lead to the reduction of oxides of lead, zinc, copper and iron, as well as high temperature and high energy consumption. If its content is too low, it will lead to insufficient reduction of arsenic pentoxide to arsenic trioxide and excessively low temperature.

[0021] Preferably, the particle size of the calcined material in step (1) is 10-20 mm, for example, it can be 10 mm, 12 mm, 14 mm, 16 mm, 18 mm or 20 mm, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the temperature of the first roasting in step (2) is 400-550°C, for example, it can be 400°C, 420°C, 440°C, 460°C, 480°C, 500°C, 520°C or 540°C, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable.

[0023] It is worth noting that the temperature of the first roasting in this invention is 400-550°C. If the first roasting temperature is too high, the lead and zinc materials in the roasting material will volatilize, and if the temperature is too low, the arsenic oxides will not volatilize completely.

[0024] Preferably, the roasting time in step (2) is 1 to 2 hours, for example, 1 hour, 1.2 hours, 1.4 hours, 1.6 hours, 1.8 hours or 2 hours, but not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable.

[0025] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the primary flue gas in step (2) is arsenic-containing flue gas.

[0026] Preferably, the arsenic-containing flue gas contains As2O3.

[0027] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, step (3) further includes cooling treatment of the primary roasting residue before mixing.

[0028] Preferably, the endpoint of the cooling treatment is: the temperature of the primary calcined slag is ≤100℃, for example, it can be 80℃, 70℃, 60℃, 50℃, 40℃ or 30℃, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable.

[0029] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the concentration of hydrochloric acid in step (3) is 1 to 5 mol / L, for example, it can be 1 mol / L, 2 mol / L, 3 mol / L, 4 mol / L or 5 mol / L, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable.

[0030] Preferably, the molar ratio of Cl in the hydrochloric acid to Zn and Cu in the primary roasting residue is Cl:(Zn+Cu) = 2.1 to 2.5, for example, it can be 2.1, 2.15, 2.2, 2.25, 2.3, 2.35, 2.4 or 2.45, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable.

[0031] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the temperature of the secondary roasting in step (3) is 700-850°C, for example, it can be 720°C, 740°C, 760°C, 780°C, 800°C, 820°C or 840°C, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable.

[0032] It is worth noting that the secondary roasting temperature of this invention is 700-850℃. If the secondary roasting temperature is too high, copper chloride in the primary roasting residue will volatilize, and if the temperature is too low, zinc chloride will not volatilize completely.

[0033] Preferably, the secondary roasting time in step (3) is 0.5 to 1 hour, for example, it can be 0.55 hours, 0.6 hours, 0.7 hours, 0.8 hours, 0.9 hours or 0.95 hours, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable.

[0034] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the secondary roasting slag in step (3) is copper-rich roasting slag.

[0035] Preferably, the Cu content in the copper-rich roasted slag is 12-18 wt%, for example, it can be 12 wt%, 14 wt%, 16 wt% or 18 wt%, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable.

[0036] Preferably, the secondary flue gas in step (3) is zinc-containing flue gas.

[0037] Preferably, the zinc-containing flue gas contains ZnCl2.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes: post-treatment processes for primary flue gas and secondary flue gas respectively.

[0039] Preferably, the post-processing includes sequential cooling and recycling processes.

[0040] Preferably, the endpoint of the cooling process is a temperature ≤ 200°C, such as 190°C, 180°C, 160°C, 150°C, 140°C, 120°C or 100°C, but not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable.

[0041] Preferably, the recycling process includes collection and recycling using a high-efficiency dust collector.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for comprehensive treatment of copper smelting dust provided by the present invention includes the following steps:

[0043] (1) Mix copper smelting dust with an average particle size of 4-8 mm and carbon-containing powder with an average particle size of 2-4 mm, and granulate to obtain calcined material with a particle size of 10-20 mm; the molar ratio of carbon element in the carbon-containing powder to lead and arsenic elements in copper smelting dust is C:(As+Pb)=(1.2~2):1;

[0044] (2) The calcined material obtained in step (1) is calcined at 400-550°C for 1-2 hours to obtain liquid crude lead, primary calcined slag and primary flue gas containing As2O3; the primary flue gas is collected and recovered by a high-efficiency dust collector after being cooled to below 200°C.

[0045] (3) Mix hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 1-5 mol / L and primary roasting residue cooled to below 100℃, and then perform secondary roasting at 700-850℃ for 0.5-1h to obtain copper-rich roasting residue and secondary flue gas containing ZnCl2.

[0046] The molar ratio of Cl in the hydrochloric acid to Zn and Cu in the primary roasting slag is Cl:(Zn+Cu)=2.1~2.5; the secondary flue gas is collected and recovered by a high-efficiency dust collector after being cooled to below 200℃.

[0047] The numerical range described in this invention includes not only the point values ​​listed above, but also any point values ​​within the numerical ranges not listed above. Due to space limitations and for the sake of brevity, this invention will not exhaustively list all the specific point values ​​included in the range.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0049] (1) Based on conventional primary roasting, this invention controls the roasting temperature to achieve the stratified recovery of gaseous arsenic, liquid lead and solid slag, and achieves the harmless treatment of copper smelting dust.

[0050] (2) This invention achieves the conversion of elements such as zinc and copper into low-boiling-point chlorides by hydrochloric acid treatment of primary roasting slag, and removes and recovers zinc chloride through secondary roasting and boiling, resulting in copper-rich slag that can be used as copper concentrate, thus realizing the resource utilization of multiple metals.

[0051] (3) The method for comprehensive treatment of copper smelting dust provided by the present invention has a shorter process flow, lower energy consumption, higher recovery efficiency and lower cost compared with the combined pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical processes or the hydrometallurgical process. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method for comprehensively treating copper smelting dust provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments described are merely illustrative of the present invention and should not be considered as specific limitations thereof.

[0054] The metal element content in copper smelting dust in the following examples and comparative examples is shown in Table 1:

[0055] Table 1

[0056] Content / % 9.55 17.75 4.65 8.15 59.90

[0057] Example 1

[0058] This embodiment provides a method such as Figure 1 The method for comprehensively treating copper smelting fumes shown includes the following steps:

[0059] (1) A mixture of copper smelting dust with an average particle size of 4 mm and coke powder with an average particle size of 2 mm is granulated to obtain a roasted material with a particle size of 10 mm; the molar ratio of carbon in the coke powder to lead and arsenic in copper smelting dust is C:(As+Pb)=1.4:1; the coke powder contains 95% carbon, and the mass ratio of coke powder to copper smelting dust is 2.85%;

[0060] (2) The calcined material obtained in step (1) is calcined at 450°C for 1.5 hours to obtain liquid crude lead, primary calcined slag and primary flue gas containing As2O3; the primary flue gas is collected and recovered by a high-efficiency dust collector after being cooled to below 200°C.

[0061] (3) Mix hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 2 mol / L and primary roasting residue cooled to below 100℃, and then perform secondary roasting at 750℃ for 0.5 h to obtain copper-rich roasting residue and secondary flue gas containing ZnCl2.

[0062] The molar ratio of Cl in the hydrochloric acid to Zn and Cu in the primary roasting slag is Cl:(Zn+Cu)=2.1; the secondary flue gas is collected and recovered by a high-efficiency dust collector after being cooled to below 200℃.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] This embodiment provides a method for comprehensively treating copper smelting fumes, the method comprising the following steps:

[0065] (1) Mix copper smelting dust with an average particle size of 8 mm and coke powder with an average particle size of 4 mm, and granulate to obtain roasted material with a particle size of 20 mm; the molar ratio of carbon in the coke powder to lead and arsenic in copper smelting dust is C:(As+Pb)=2:1; the coke powder contains 95% carbon.

[0066] (2) The calcined material obtained in step (1) is calcined at 400°C for 2 hours to obtain liquid crude lead, primary calcined slag and primary flue gas containing As2O3; the primary flue gas is collected and recovered by a high-efficiency dust collector after being cooled to below 150°C.

[0067] (3) Mix hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 1 mol / L and primary roasting residue cooled to below 90°C, and then perform secondary roasting at 700°C for 1 hour to obtain copper-rich roasting residue and secondary flue gas containing ZnCl2.

[0068] The molar ratio of Cl in the hydrochloric acid to Zn and Cu in the primary roasting slag is Cl:(Zn+Cu)=2.5; the secondary flue gas is collected and recovered by a high-efficiency dust collector after being cooled to below 200℃.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] This embodiment provides a method for comprehensively treating copper smelting fumes, the method comprising the following steps:

[0071] (1) Mix copper smelting dust with an average particle size of 6 mm and coke powder with an average particle size of 3 mm, and granulate to obtain a roasted material with a particle size of 15 mm; the molar ratio of carbon element in the carbon-containing powder to lead and arsenic elements in copper smelting dust is C:(As+Pb)=1.2:1.

[0072] (2) The calcined material obtained in step (1) is calcined at 550°C for 1 hour to obtain liquid crude lead, primary calcined slag and primary flue gas containing As2O3; the primary flue gas is collected and recovered by a high-efficiency dust collector after being cooled to below 180°C.

[0073] (3) Mix hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 10 mol / L and primary roasting residue cooled to below 80°C, and then perform secondary roasting at 850°C for 0.5 h to obtain copper-rich roasting residue and secondary flue gas containing ZnCl2.

[0074] The molar ratio of Cl in the hydrochloric acid to Zn and Cu in the primary roasting slag is Cl:(Zn+Cu)=2.3; the secondary flue gas is collected and recovered by a high-efficiency dust collector after being cooled to below 150℃.

[0075] Example 4

[0076] This embodiment provides a method for comprehensively treating copper smelting fumes, the only difference between this method and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0077] In this embodiment, the molar ratio of carbon in the carbon-containing powder to lead and arsenic in the copper smelting dust is modified to C:(As+Pb)=1.6:1;

[0078] The temperature of the first roasting in step (2) was changed to 500℃ and the time was changed to 1.5h.

[0079] Example 5

[0080] This embodiment provides a method for comprehensively treating copper smelting fumes, the only difference between this method and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0081] In this embodiment, the molar ratio of Cl in hydrochloric acid to Zn and Cu in the primary roasting residue in step (3) is modified to: Cl:(Zn+Cu)=2.3;

[0082] The temperature of the secondary roasting in step (3) was changed to 800℃ and the time was changed to 40min.

[0083] Example 6

[0084] This embodiment provides a method for comprehensively treating copper smelting fumes, and the only difference between this method and Embodiment 4 is that:

[0085] In this embodiment, the coke powder mentioned in step (1) is modified to coal powder.

[0086] Example 7

[0087] This embodiment provides a method for comprehensively treating copper smelting fumes, and the only difference between this method and Embodiment 4 is that:

[0088] In this embodiment, the temperature of the first roasting in step (2) is modified to 380℃.

[0089] Example 8

[0090] This embodiment provides a method for comprehensively treating copper smelting fumes, and the only difference between this method and Embodiment 4 is that:

[0091] In this embodiment, the temperature of the first roasting in step (2) is modified to 560℃.

[0092] Example 9

[0093] This embodiment provides a method for comprehensively treating copper smelting fumes, and the only difference between this method and Embodiment 4 is that:

[0094] In this embodiment, the temperature of the secondary roasting in step (3) is modified to 680℃.

[0095] Example 10

[0096] This embodiment provides a method for comprehensively treating copper smelting fumes, and the only difference between this method and Embodiment 4 is that:

[0097] In this embodiment, the temperature of the secondary roasting in step (3) is modified to 870℃.

[0098] Comparative Example 1

[0099] This comparative example provides a method for treating copper smelting fumes, the method comprising the following steps:

[0100] (1) A mixture of copper smelting dust with an average particle size of 4 mm and coke powder with an average particle size of 2 mm is granulated to obtain a roasted material with a particle size of 10 mm; the molar ratio of carbon in the coke powder to lead and arsenic in copper smelting dust is C:(As+Pb)=1.4:1; the coke powder contains 95% carbon, and the mass ratio of coke powder to copper smelting dust is 2.85%;

[0101] (2) The calcined material obtained in step (1) is calcined at 1000℃ for 2 hours to obtain a mixture containing elemental lead, zinc, copper and lead-zinc-copper oxides, and the material is sintered into a block.

[0102] Comparative Example 2

[0103] This comparative example provides a method for comprehensively treating copper smelting fumes, the only difference between this method and Example 4 is that:

[0104] In this comparative example, the hydrochloric acid mentioned in step (3) is replaced with sulfuric acid, and the molar ratio of sulfate ions in sulfuric acid to Zn and Cu in the primary roasting slag is modified to 1.2.

[0105] The copper-rich roasted slag obtained by the methods provided in Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-2 contains As, Pb, Zn and Cu, and their contents are shown in Table 2. The recovery rates of As, Pb and Zn obtained by the methods provided in Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-2 are shown in Table 2.

[0106] Table 2

[0107]

[0108]

[0109] Analysis of Table 2 shows that:

[0110] (1) Analysis of Examples 4 and 6 shows that the selection of carbon-containing powder will affect the carbon content of the raw materials, and thus affect the reduction reaction rate.

[0111] (2) Analysis of Examples 4 and 7-8 shows that the temperature during the first roasting process affects the reduction reaction of arsenic, lead, zinc and copper and the arsenic volatilization rate, which in turn affects the recovery rate of arsenic, lead and copper.

[0112] (3) Analysis of Examples 4 and 9-10 shows that the temperature during the secondary roasting process affects the volatilization rate of zinc and copper.

[0113] (4) Analysis of Example 4 and Comparative Example 1 shows that the graded roasting process provided by the present invention can recover arsenic, lead and zinc in stages. Compared with single roasting, it can improve the recovery rate of zinc and reduce the volatilization of copper.

[0114] (5) Analysis of Example 4 and Comparative Example 2 shows that hydrochloric acid can improve the recovery rate of zinc. Although sulfuric acid can provide an acidic environment, the boiling point of sulfate is too high, and the volatilization of zinc sulfate is lower than that of zinc chloride.

[0115] In summary, this invention achieves the safe disposal and comprehensive utilization of copper smelting dust by using a two-stage roasting method. The staged roasting temperature is lower than that of conventional roasting, saving energy and reducing consumption, thus lowering the cost of copper smelting dust treatment.

[0116] The applicant declares that the detailed structural features of the present invention are illustrated through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed structural features, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above detailed structural features to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvements to the present invention, equivalent substitutions for the components selected in the present invention, additions of auxiliary components, selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

[0117] The applicant declares that the detailed process flow of this invention is illustrated by the above embodiments, but this invention is not limited to the above detailed process flow, that is, it does not mean that this invention must rely on the above detailed process flow to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvements to this invention, equivalent substitutions of raw materials for the product of this invention, addition of auxiliary components, and selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for comprehensively treating copper smelting fumes, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: (1) Mix copper smelting dust and carbon-containing powder, and then granulate to obtain roasting material; (2) The roasting material obtained in step (1) is roasted once to obtain liquid crude lead, primary roasting residue and primary flue gas; the temperature of the primary roasting is 400~550℃; the primary flue gas is arsenic-containing flue gas; (3) Mix hydrochloric acid and the primary roasting residue obtained in step (2), and then perform secondary roasting to obtain secondary roasting residue and secondary flue gas; The temperature of the secondary roasting is 700~850℃; Both the primary and secondary roasting processes are carried out in an air atmosphere.

2. The method for comprehensively treating copper smelting dust according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon-containing powder in step (1) includes any one or a combination of at least two of coke powder, coal powder or activated carbon powder.

3. The method for comprehensively treating copper smelting dust according to claim 1, characterized in that, The average particle size of the carbon-containing powder is 2~4 mm.

4. The method for comprehensively treating copper smelting dust according to claim 1, characterized in that, The average particle size of the copper smelting dust is 4-8 mm.

5. The method for comprehensively treating copper smelting dust according to claim 1, characterized in that, The molar ratio of carbon in the carbon-containing powder to lead and arsenic in the copper smelting dust is C:(As+Pb)=(1.2~2):

1.

6. The method for comprehensively treating copper smelting dust according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size of the roasting material in step (1) is 10~20mm.

7. The method for comprehensively treating copper smelting dust according to claim 1, characterized in that, The roasting time in step (2) is 1~2 hours.

8. The method for comprehensively treating copper smelting dust according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arsenic-containing flue gas contains As2O3.

9. The method for comprehensively treating copper smelting dust according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step (3) also includes cooling the primary roasting residue before mixing.

10. The method for comprehensively treating copper smelting dust according to claim 9, characterized in that, The endpoint of the cooling process is: the temperature of the primary roasted slag ≤ 100℃.

11. The method for comprehensively treating copper smelting dust according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of hydrochloric acid in step (3) is 1~5 mol / L.

12. The method for comprehensively treating copper smelting dust according to claim 1, characterized in that, The molar ratio of Cl in the hydrochloric acid to Zn and Cu in the primary roasting slag is: Cl:(Zn+Cu)=2.1~2.

5.

13. The method for comprehensively treating copper smelting dust according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second roasting time in step (3) is 0.5~1h.

14. The method for comprehensively treating copper smelting dust according to claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary roasting residue mentioned in step (3) is copper-rich roasting residue.

15. The method for comprehensively treating copper smelting dust according to claim 14, characterized in that, The Cu content in the copper-rich roasted slag is 12-18 wt%.

16. The method for comprehensively treating copper smelting dust according to claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary flue gas mentioned in step (3) is zinc-containing flue gas.

17. The method for comprehensive treatment of copper smelting dust according to claim 16, characterized in that, The zinc-containing flue gas contains ZnCl2.

18. The method for comprehensively treating copper smelting dust according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes post-treatment processes for primary and secondary flue gas, respectively.

19. The method for comprehensive treatment of copper smelting dust according to claim 18, characterized in that, The post-processing includes sequential cooling and recycling.

20. The method for comprehensively treating copper smelting dust according to claim 19, characterized in that, The endpoint of the cooling process is: temperature ≤ 200℃.

21. The method for comprehensively treating copper smelting dust according to claim 19, characterized in that, The recycling process includes collecting and recycling using a high-efficiency dust collector.

22. The method for comprehensively treating copper smelting dust according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: (1) Mix copper smelting dust with an average particle size of 4~8mm and carbon-containing powder with an average particle size of 2~4mm, and granulate to obtain calcined material with a particle size of 10~20mm; the molar ratio of carbon element in the carbon-containing powder to lead and arsenic elements in copper smelting dust is C:(As+Pb)=(1.2~2):1; (2) The calcined material obtained in step (1) is calcined at 400~550℃ for 1~2 hours to obtain liquid crude lead, primary calcined slag and primary flue gas containing As2O3; the primary flue gas is collected and recovered by a high-efficiency dust collector after being cooled to below 200℃. (3) Mix hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 1~5 mol / L and primary roasting residue cooled to below 100℃, and then perform secondary roasting at 700~850℃ for 0.5~1h to obtain copper-rich roasting residue and secondary flue gas containing ZnCl2. The molar ratio of Cl in the hydrochloric acid to Zn and Cu in the primary roasting slag is Cl:(Zn+Cu)=2.1~2.5; the secondary flue gas is collected and recovered by a high-efficiency dust collector after being cooled to below 200℃.

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