A welding electrode dressing tool and a welding electrode dressing tool

Abstract

The application discloses a welding electrode dressing tool, which comprises a plurality of cutting parts extending outward from a rotating center, and the cutting parts rotate to form a dressing surface, wherein the cutting parts comprise a plurality of main cutting edges, at least one section of the main cutting edges is provided with a secondary cutting edge, and the relief angle of the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge is smaller as the distance from the rotating center is farther. During use, the welding electrode dressing tool can make the cutting edges of the center and the outer side wear uniformly, prolong the service life of the dressing tool, and improve the dressing quality. The application further provides a welding electrode dressing tool.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of welding, and specifically relates to a welding electrode grinding tool and a welding electrode grinding instrument. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing popularity of lightweight automotive design, aluminum alloy spot welding technology is being used more and more in automobile manufacturing. Due to the inherent physical properties of aluminum alloys, flat-head or arc-head electrodes are prone to problems such as low strength, poor surface quality, severe spatter, and electrode adhesion during welding, resulting in the overall performance of aluminum alloy spot welded joints being inferior to riveted joints. Patent CN110369848A discloses an electrode cap with annular raised and recessed textures on the welding surface, which can improve the strength and overall performance of aluminum alloy spot welded joints and avoid spatter, bubbles, and surface deformation. However, since the raised textures on the electrode cap always contact the substrate to be welded before other parts, and always bear the main welding current in the initial stage of welding, the raised and recessed textures on the electrode cap are prone to adhesion, ablation, or wear, requiring a special grinding tool for refinishing. When refining electrode caps with such complex surface features, existing grinding tools are prone to uneven wear in different areas after long-term use, leading to a decrease in precision, premature scrapping of the grinding tool, or even damage to the electrode. Therefore, providing a durable shaving tool is of great practical value in saving maintenance costs for welding equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a welding electrode grinding tool with a longer service life for complex surface features. This invention also provides a welding electrode grinding tool.

[0004] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a welding electrode grinding tool is provided, comprising a plurality of cutting portions extending outward from a rotation center, each cutting portion comprising a plurality of main cutting edges, at least one of the main cutting edges being provided with a secondary cutting edge, the main cutting edges and the secondary cutting edges rotating around the rotation center to form a grinding surface, wherein the rake angle of the main cutting edges and / or the secondary cutting edges farther away from the rotation center is smaller.

[0005] For a welding electrode with a relatively complex welding surface structure, when grinding the tool, a structure matching the welding surface needs to be designed. However, a tool grinder with a complex structure often becomes scrapped prematurely due to uneven wear. Through a large amount of research and experiments, the inventor found that the reason for the uneven wear of the tool grinder is that the working conditions in different regions during the grinding process are different: in the region close to the rotation center, the grinding speed of the cutting edge is slower and the relative machining travel is shorter, while in the region far from the rotation center, the grinding speed of the cutting edge is faster and the relative machining travel is longer. Therefore, the cutting edge far from the rotation center is prone to significant wear first, resulting in a decrease in accuracy. By setting the clearance angle of the cutting edge at different positions, making the wear of the cutting edge close to the rotation center relatively faster and the wear of the cutting edge far from the rotation center relatively slower, the overall wear of the tool grinder can occur at a relatively uniform speed, thereby extending the service life of the tool grinder.

[0006] Further, for the main cutting edge or secondary cutting edge at a distance of x mm from the rotation center, its clearance angle f(x) in degrees satisfies:

[0007] g2(x) < f(x) < g1(x), where

[0008] g1(x) = -0.025x 2 -0.64x + 9.1,

[0009] g2(x) = 0.008x 2 -0.4x + 6.

[0010] The inventor found that: the larger the clearance angle, the sharper the cutting edge, and the faster the cutting wear. However, an overly large clearance angle will increase the risk of the cutting edge cracking; the smaller the clearance angle, the duller the cutting edge, and the slower the cutting wear. However, an overly small clearance angle will reduce the cutting efficiency and accuracy of the cutting edge. Therefore, a reasonable design of the clearance angle of the cutting edge is required. Through a large amount of theoretical analysis and experiments, the inventor calculated the above numerical relationship. The cutting edge that satisfies the above numerical relationship can obtain a uniform wear speed during service while having good cutting ability, thereby enabling the tool grinder to maintain a high accuracy for a long time.

[0011] Further, multiple secondary cutting edges form a groove-shaped or棱状forming part. The groove-shaped forming part is used to grind the convex annular ridge on the electrode surface, and the棱状forming part is used to grind the groove on the electrode surface.

[0012] Further, the edge line length of the main cutting edge is 1 mm - 15 mm, and the edge line length of the secondary cutting edge is 0.1 mm - 1 mm. The edge line length is adapted to the surface structure size of the electrode.

[0013] Furthermore, a recessed clearance area is provided on the rear side of the secondary cutting edge along the rotation direction. The clearance area can prevent the flank face of the cutting edge from interfering with the annular ridge structure of the electrode being cut during the rotation of the cutting edge.

[0014] Furthermore, adjacent primary cutting edges, adjacent secondary cutting edges, and the junctions between primary and secondary cutting edges are provided with rounded corners, the radius of which is 0.04mm-2mm. The rounded corners reduce stress concentration on the cutting edges, preventing cracking or chipping.

[0015] Furthermore, each cutting section is provided with 2-9 primary cutting edges and 2-15 secondary cutting edges. The number of cutting edges matches the surface structure of the welding electrode to be refurbished.

[0016] Furthermore, the included angle between the cutting edges of adjacent secondary cutting edges is 90°-160°. If the included angle is too large, the cutting efficiency is low; if the included angle is too small, the cutting edge will wear out quickly.

[0017] Furthermore, the welding electrode grinding tool has two sets of cutting sections at each of its axial ends. These two sets of cutting sections, positioned at opposite ends of the welding electrode grinding tool's axial direction, allow for simultaneous grinding of the upper and lower electrodes of a welding device, improving efficiency while ensuring coaxiality and precision during grinding. Depending on the electrode structure, the two sets of cutting sections at both ends can have identical or different structures.

[0018] According to another aspect of the present invention, a welding electrode grinding tool is provided, the tool including a grinding blade and a mounting base, wherein the grinding blade is mounted in the mounting base, and wherein the grinding blade is the welding electrode grinding blade of any of the foregoing embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the welding electrode grinding tool structure in one embodiment;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a top view of the cutting part in one embodiment;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of a portion of region A in the middle;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the BB section structure;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the welding electrode grinding tool structure in another embodiment;

[0024] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the installation state of the welding electrode grinding tool in one embodiment;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the electrode structure after grinding in one embodiment.

[0026] The purpose of the above-described drawings is to provide a detailed description of the invention so that those skilled in the art can understand the technical concept of the invention, and not to limit the invention. For the sake of brevity, the above-described drawings only schematically depict the structures related to the technical features of the invention, and do not depict the complete structure and all details strictly according to actual scale. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0028] The term "embodiment" as used herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment herein. The phrase appearing in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it limited to mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments herein can be combined with other embodiments without causing structural conflicts.

[0029] In this description, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the technical terms "installation," "connection," "joining," etc., should be interpreted broadly, referring to movable connections, fixed connections, or integration. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in the embodiments of this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] In this description, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "lateral," "longitudinal," "height," "length," and "width," which indicate orientation or positional relationships, are intended to accurately describe the embodiments and simplify the description, rather than limiting the parts or structures involved to have a specific orientation, or to be installed or operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments in this document.

[0031] In this description, terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating relative importance or limiting the number, specific order, or primary / secondary relationship of the described technical features. In this description, "multiple" means at least two.

[0032] An embodiment of one aspect of the present invention provides a method such as Figure 1 The electrode grinding tool 1 shown is used for processing such as Figure 7The electrode grinding tool 1 is shown as a welding electrode. The electrode grinding tool 1 includes two blades 1a and 1b, which are connected together at the rotation axis 15 of the grinding tool 1 to form a whole, using methods such as welding or integral molding. In other embodiments, the connection method can also be detachable. The blades 1a and 1b are symmetrically arranged relative to the rotation axis 15 and have the same structure (the same structure at the same position on 1a and 1b is not distinguished by reference numerals in the accompanying drawings). Two cutting sections 11a and 11b are provided at one end of the blades 1a and 1b, each including three main cutting edges 111, 112, and 113. When in use, the electrode grinding tool 1 rotates in the direction shown by arrow 10, with each cutting edge positioned on the side of the cutting sections 11a and 11b facing the electrode to be ground. The top view of the end face of the electrode grinding tool 1 is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the straight main cutting edge 111 is inclined and used to form or grind the inclined surface 31 of the edge of the welding electrode, while also serving a guiding function; the straight or arc-shaped main cutting edge 112 is used to form or grind the main working surface 32 of the electrode end face; the arc-shaped main cutting edge 113 is located near the rotation axis 15 of the electrode grinding tool 1 and is used to form or grind the recessed structure 33 at the center of the welding electrode end face. The main cutting edge 111 is provided with a chip-breaking groove 13 to cut off the chips formed during the forming or grinding process to avoid affecting the machining. Three recessed forming parts 14a, 14b, and 14c are provided in region A of the main cutting edge 112 for forming or grinding a convex ring structure on the welding electrode end face. Combined with... Figure 3 The forming part 14a includes secondary cutting edges 141 and 142 arranged in a V-shape for grinding the convex ring 321; the forming part 14b includes secondary cutting edges 144 and 145 arranged in a V-shape for grinding the convex ring 322; and the forming part 14c includes secondary cutting edges 147 and 148 arranged in a V-shape for grinding the convex ring 323. Secondary cutting edge 143 is used to grind the groove 324 located between the convex rings 321 and 322, and secondary cutting edge 146 is used to grind the groove 325 located between the convex rings 322 and 323. The connection point of the plane where adjacent secondary cutting edges are located is set with a rounded corner 140. Depending on the structural dimensions and material, the radius of the rounded corner 140 is set to 0.04mm-2mm, and in a preferred embodiment, it is set to 0.06mm-1mm. The same rounded corner structure is also provided between adjacent primary cutting edges and between primary cutting edges and secondary cutting edges.

[0033] The inventor recognized that during the process of grinding the welding electrode while the grinding tool rotates around the rotation axis 15, the rotational linear velocities of different cutting edges are different. The cutting edge on the outer side has a higher linear velocity, and during the grinding process, the machining distance is longer, and the wear is more significant. The non-uniformity of the wear degree at different positions seriously affects the service life of the grinding tool for the welding electrode. Therefore, in the embodiment, the flank angles of each cutting edge of the grinding tool 1 are specially designed. The farther the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge are from the rotation axis 15, the smaller the value of their flank angle.

[0034] Specifically, in the preferred embodiment, taking the midpoint position of the cutting edge line as the measurement reference, when the distance between the cutting edge and the rotation axis 15 of the grinding tool 1 is x mm, its flank angle f(x) in degrees should satisfy:

[0035] g2(x) < f(x) < g1(x), where

[0036] g1(x) = -0.025x 2 -0.64x + 9.1,

[0037] g2(x) = 0.008x 2 -0.4x + 6.

[0038] In the embodiment, the flank angles of each main cutting edge or secondary cutting edge are the same. In some embodiments, the flank angles at different positions along the cutting edge line of the same cutting edge can also be set to decrease as the distance from the rotation axis 15 increases.

[0039] According to actual tests and fitting calculations, the flank angle values should satisfy the above relationship. Otherwise, if the flank angle value is too small, the cutting efficiency is too low, and if the flank angle value is too large, the cutting edge is prone to chipping or wear. Since the rotational linear velocity is proportional to the radius, the above numerical relationship of the flank angle is applicable to grinding tools for welding electrodes of different sizes. Taking Figure 3 the secondary cutting edge 143 as an example, the cross-sectional structure of the midpoint position of its cutting edge line B - B is as Figure 4 shown. The distance of this cross-sectional position from the rotation axis 15 of the grinding tool 1 is 4.0 mm, and its flank angle α, that is, the angle between the flank face and the cutting plane, is approximately between 4.5° - 7°, specifically set to 6° in the embodiment; for comparison, the distance of the midpoint position of the main cutting edge 111 from the rotation axis 15 is 8 mm, and it is calculated that its flank angle should be between 3.3° - 5.5°, specifically set to 4° in the embodiment; the distance of the midpoint position of the main cutting edge 113 from the rotation axis 15 is 0.7 mm, and it is calculated that the flank angle should be between 5.7° - 8.7°, specifically set to 8° in the embodiment. The flank angle settings of all cutting edges are shown in Table 1.

[0040] Cutting edge Distance from the axis of rotation / mm Knife clearance angle / ° Main cutting edge 111 8.0 4 Main cutting edge 112 5.0 5 Secondary cutting edge 141 4.2 5 Secondary cutting edge 142 4.0 6 Secondary cutting edge 143 3.5 5 Secondary cutting edge 144 2.9 6 Secondary cutting edge 145 2.3 7 Secondary cutting edge 146 1.8 8 Secondary cutting edge 147 1.7 8 Secondary cutting edge 148 1.6 8 Main cutting edge 113 0.7 8

[0041] Table 1. Cutting edge rake angle data

[0042] The shape and arrangement of each primary and secondary cutting edge should match the morphology of the welded electrode end face to be refurbished, so that the refurbished surface formed by the rotation of the cutting part is consistent with the preset shape of the electrode surface to be refurbished. In general embodiments, the cutting edge length of the primary cutting edge is 1mm-15mm, and in preferred embodiments it is set to 1mm-8mm, with 2-9 primary cutting edges on each cutting part; in general embodiments, the cutting edge length of the secondary cutting edge is 0.1mm-1mm, and in preferred embodiments it is set to 0.2mm-1mm, with 2-15 secondary cutting edges on each cutting part. The included angle between the cutting edges of adjacent secondary cutting edges (i.e., the included angle between the edges of the cutting edges at the front end along the rotation direction, for example...) Figure 3 The blade angle β shown is set to 80°-160°. If the blade angle is too large, it will not be conducive to the forming part playing its forming role, while if the blade angle is too small, it will easily lead to rapid wear.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, to prevent the structure formed by the front cutting during the rotation of the shaving tool 1 from interfering with other structures on the shaving tool 1 during the rotation of the tool head, which would cause the structure formed by shaving to be destroyed, a clearance area 151, 152, 153 is provided on the rear side of the secondary cutting edge in the rotation direction.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the grinding tool 1 has cutting parts 11a and 11b at one end, and cutting parts 11c and 11d at the opposite end along the rotation axis 15. Cutting parts 11c and 11d have the same structure as cutting parts 11a and 11b. While cutting parts 11a and 11b grind the upper electrode, cutting parts 11c and 11d can grind the lower electrode, improving grinding efficiency while ensuring coaxial accuracy during grinding. Figure 5 In another embodiment shown, one end of the grinding tool 1' is provided with cutting portions 11'a and 11'b, each having five main cutting edges and nine secondary cutting edges, the dimensional parameters of which are shown in Table 2. The other end of the grinding tool 1' is provided with cutting portions 11'c and 11'd, which employ ordinary arc-shaped and straight cutting edges, respectively, enabling the grinding of ordinary flat-head welding electrodes. This is suitable for grinding welding devices where the upper electrode has a convex ring structure and the lower electrode is a flat-head electrode. In other embodiments, the cutting portions 11a and 11b and the secondary cutting portions 11c and 11d of the grinding tool 1 can also be configured as main and secondary cutting edges with different sizes to grind welding devices with asymmetrical electrodes.

[0045]

[0046]

[0047] Table 2. Cutting edge rake angle data

[0048] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a welding electrode grinding tool, such as Figure 6 As shown, the grinding tool includes a grinding blade 1 and a mounting base 2. The mounting base 2 has a ring-shaped structure and two locking blocks 21 inside. The grinding blade 1 is inserted into the mounting base 2 and abuts against the front end face of the locking blocks 21 in the direction of rotation. A fixing bolt 22 is inserted into the mounting hole 12 of the grinding blade 1 to fix the grinding blade 1 and the mounting base 2 together. By installing the mounting base 2 on the grinding equipment, the welding electrode can be ground. In other embodiments, the grinding blade 1 can also be configured to have an interference fit with the mounting base 2. The grinding blade 1 can be replaced by removing the fixing bolt 22. In a preferred embodiment, the grinding blade 1 is installed through the mounting base 2, so that the cutting portions 11a, 11b and 11c, 11d at both ends of the grinding blade 1 are exposed. By connecting the mounting base 2 to the driving device, the mounting base 2 can be driven to rotate the grinding blade 1. The upper and lower electrodes to be ground are brought closer to and abutted against the rotating grinding blade from both ends of the welding electrode grinding tool along the axial direction, thus realizing the grinding of the welding electrode.

[0049] In other embodiments, the grinding tool in the electrode grinding tool may be provided with three or more grinding parts. For example, three or more blades may be arranged radially around the rotation center and fixed. Alternatively, it may be manufactured as a one-piece grinding tool 1 with multiple grinding parts by processing methods such as stamping or cutting. Correspondingly, the number of locking blocks 21 should also match the number of grinding parts.

[0050] The purpose of the above embodiments is to provide a more detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can understand the technical concept of the present invention. Optimization or equivalent substitution of the involved part structure within the scope of the claims of the present invention, as well as combinations of implementation methods from different embodiments without causing structural or principle conflicts, all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding electrode grinding tool, comprising a plurality of cutting portions extending outward from a center of rotation, wherein the cutting portions rotate about the center of rotation to form a grinding surface, characterized in that, Each of the cutting portions includes multiple segments of main cutting edges, and at least one segment of the main cutting edges is provided with secondary cutting edges. The flank angle of the main cutting edge and / or the secondary cutting edge farther away from the rotation center is smaller; For the main cutting edge or the secondary cutting edge at a distance of x mm from the rotation center, its flank angle f(x) in degrees satisfies: g2(x) < f(x) < g1(x), where g1(x)=-0.025x 2 -0.64x+9.1, g2(x)=0.008x 2 -0.4x+6。 2. The welding electrode grinding tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple secondary cutting edges form a groove-shaped or棱-shaped profiling portion.

3. The welding electrode grinding tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The edge line length of the main cutting edge is 1 mm - 15 mm, and the edge line length of the secondary cutting edge is 0.1 mm - 1 mm.

4. The welding electrode grinding tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, A relief area is provided on the rear side of the secondary cutting edge along the rotation direction.

5. The welding electrode grinding tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, Round corners are provided at the joints of adjacent main cutting edges, adjacent secondary cutting edges, and the connection between the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge. The radius of the round corner is 0.04 mm - 2 mm.

6. The welding electrode grinding tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the cutting portions is provided with 2 - 9 main cutting edges and 2 - 15 secondary cutting edges.

7. The welding electrode grinding tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The included angle between the edge lines of adjacent secondary cutting edges is 80° - 160°.

8. The welding electrode grinding tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two sets of the cutting portions are respectively provided at the axial two ends of the welding electrode sharpening tool.

9. A welding electrode grinding tool, comprising a grinding blade and a mounting base, wherein the grinding blade is mounted in the mounting base, characterized in that, The sharpening tool uses the welding electrode sharpening tool as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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