Integral bladed disk welding positioning fixture and its usage method

Abstract

This invention provides a welding positioning fixture for an integral bladed disk and its usage method. The integral bladed disk welding positioning fixture includes an upper base, a blade fixture, a lower base, and a wheel fixture. The upper base is used to connect with an upper pressure head. The blade fixture is connected to the upper base and has a receiving cavity for accommodating the blade, with grooves at both ends of the receiving cavity. The lower base is used to connect with a lower pressure head. The wheel fixture includes a shaft fixedly connected to the wheel and a support base connected to the shaft. The support base is connected to the lower base. The shaft is coaxial with the wheel, and the wheel has multiple indexing holes along its circumference, each indexing hole corresponding to the welding position of each blade. This invention achieves high-precision welding between the blades and the wheel through the cooperation of the above components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of integral bladed disk welding technology, and more specifically, to the welding positioning fixture for integral bladed disks and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Reducing component weight, increasing engine operating temperature, and enhancing component load capacity are effective ways to improve engine thrust-to-weight ratio (power-to-weight ratio) and increase thrust. As a result, more and more aero-engines both domestically and internationally are adopting integral structures. In terms of engine bladed disk structures, connecting the blades and disk as a single unit to form an integral bladed disk structure, replacing the tenon / mortise joint connection, can reduce the thickness of the disk area and avoid the weakening effect of the tenon / mortise joint on the turbine disk in traditional structures. This results in a significant weight reduction of up to 30%, simplifies the structure, improves reliability, and plays a crucial role in promoting the development of high thrust-to-weight ratio (power-to-weight ratio) engines. Integral bladed disks (IBDs) are widely used in the fans and compressors of high thrust-to-weight ratio (power-to-weight ratio) engines. Depending on the operating characteristics and load conditions of the blades and disk, IBDs can employ a dual-alloy structure. As high-speed rotating rotor components, IBDs require high operating temperatures and good fatigue performance in the blade section, while the disk section bears significant stress loads. Conventional metal materials cannot meet the strength requirements of this area. Based on the operating load characteristics of different parts of the blades and disk, powder metallurgy high-temperature alloys with high yield strength and good low-cycle fatigue life are selected as the disk material. Single-crystal materials are chosen to meet the blade's requirements for durability and creep performance. Then, the single-crystal blades and powder metallurgy disk are welded together to form a dual-alloy turbine IBD, thus fully utilizing the material properties.

[0003] Based on their structural and technological characteristics, the main manufacturing methods for integral bladed disks are currently integral machining, fusion welding, linear friction welding, and thermo-pressure diffusion welding. Each method has its own drawbacks and limitations, as detailed below:

[0004] (1) The integral machining increases the size and weight of the forging blank material, resulting in low material utilization, increased processing difficulty, low product qualification rate, high production cost, and the ability to manufacture integral bladed disks of the same material.

[0005] (2) The structure of the fusion welded joint is a cast structure, which is prone to defects such as porosity, slag inclusion, incomplete welding, and coarse structure. The joint performance and structure consistency are poor, resulting in low joint reliability and low product qualification rate.

[0006] (3) Linear friction welding is a high-efficiency, easy-to-operate, and can produce integral bladed disks of the same or different materials, but it cannot produce integral bladed disks with cooling channels on the blades.

[0007] (4) Hot pressure diffusion welding can prepare integral bladed disks with complex structures, but it involves heating the entire disk. When preparing heterogeneous integral bladed disks, it is difficult to simultaneously achieve the welding process that matches the two materials. The welding time is long and the performance of the base material is greatly lost.

[0008] Electro-plasma diffusion welding is a solid-state welding technology that produces high-quality joints. It allows blades to be sequentially welded onto the rotor disk to form a monolithic bladed disk assembly without increasing component weight, resulting in high material utilization and low production costs. Because the heat is highest at the weld seam, the thermal impact of heat input on the rotor disk and blade substrate materials is reduced. A pulsed high-current localized heating diffusion welding method is used to weld individual blades step by step. However, controlling the welding precision between the blades and the rotor disk during the welding process is extremely difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0009] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is that it is very difficult to control the welding accuracy between the blade and the disk during the electric discharge plasma diffusion welding process.

[0011] (II) Technical Solution

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0013] In a first aspect, a welding and positioning fixture for an integral bladed disk is provided for welding blades to a disk. The fixture comprises an upper base, a blade fixture, a lower base, and a disk fixture. The upper base is used to connect with an upper pressure head. The blade fixture is connected to the upper base and has a receiving cavity for accommodating the blade, with grooves at both ends of the receiving cavity. The lower base is used to connect with a lower pressure head. The disk fixture includes a shaft fixedly connected to the disk and a support seat connected to the shaft. The support seat is connected to the lower base. The shaft is coaxial with the disk. The disk has multiple indexing holes along its circumference, each indexing hole corresponding to the welding position of each blade.

[0014] Preferably, the wheel tooling further includes a positioning plate, which has a first positioning hole and a second positioning hole. The first positioning hole is used to connect with the indexing hole pin, and the second positioning hole is used to connect with the limiting hole pin of the shaft.

[0015] Preferably, the support base includes a first support block connected to the lower base and a second support block connected to the lower base, the first support block and the second support block being disposed opposite to each other, and the two ends of the shaft being rotatably connected to the first support block and the second support block, respectively.

[0016] Preferably, the second support block includes an upper support block and a lower support block, the upper support block and the lower support block are connected by a pin, and the upper support block and the lower support block cooperate to form a placement hole, in which the shaft is rotatably connected, and the volume of the first support block is larger than the volume of the second support block.

[0017] Preferably, the blade tooling is an integrally formed structure, and the integrally formed structure is provided with the receiving cavity; or, the blade tooling includes a first mold and a second mold respectively connected to the upper base, and the first mold and the second mold cooperate to form the receiving cavity.

[0018] Preferably, the integral bladed disk welding positioning fixture further includes a distance adjustment device. The blade fixture is slidably connected to the upper base. The distance adjustment device is connected to the upper base and its end abuts against the blade fixture. The distance adjustment device is used to adjust the gap width between the inner wall of the groove and the blade.

[0019] Preferably, the distance adjustment device includes a plurality of first screws threaded to the upper base and a plurality of second screws threaded to the upper base, wherein the ends of the first screws abut against the long side of the blade fixture and the ends of the second screws abut against the short side of the blade fixture.

[0020] Preferably, the blade tooling is made of graphite material, and the gap R between the inner wall of the groove and the blade satisfies the following formula: R = (θ 叶片 -θ 石墨 )×T×d / 2+A; The depth h of the groove satisfies the following formula: h=(θ 叶片 -θ 石墨 )×T×h 叶片 +h 叶片 +A; where θ 叶片 θ is the coefficient of thermal expansion of the blade material; 石墨 Where is the coefficient of thermal expansion of graphite material, T is the welding temperature, d is the blade thickness, and A ranges from 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm.

[0021] Preferably, the shaft, the lower base, and the first support block are an integral structure.

[0022] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for using the integral bladed disk welding positioning fixture described in any of the above technical solutions, the method comprising the following steps:

[0023] S10. Assemble the wheel onto the shaft, place the lower base into the furnace body, and connect the lower base with the lower pressure head.

[0024] S20. Assemble the blade into the receiving cavity of the blade tooling;

[0025] S30. Place the upper base inside the furnace body and connect the upper base with the upper pressure head;

[0026] S40. Start the upper pressure head. The upper pressure head drives the blades to move towards the wheel. The upper pressure head applies a preset pressure to fix the blades to the wheel.

[0027] S50. Adjust the width of the gap between the inner wall of the groove and the blade;

[0028] S60. Seal the furnace body and perform a vacuuming operation. Once the vacuum level reaches below the preset value, perform discharge plasma diffusion welding at the preset temperature and preset welding pressure, and hold for the preset time.

[0029] S70. Drive the wheel to rotate at a preset angle, and repeat the above steps S20 to S60 until all blades are welded and fixed to the wheel to form an integral bladed disk.

[0030] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0031] The above-mentioned technical solution of the present invention has at least the following advantages: The blade fixture is provided with a receiving cavity for accommodating the blade. The blade is placed in the receiving cavity to achieve positioning between the blade and the blade fixture. The blade fixture is connected to the upper base, and the upper base is connected to the upper pressure head to achieve positioning between the blade and the upper pressure head. The wheel is connected to the wheel fixture to achieve positioning between the wheel and the wheel fixture. The wheel fixture is connected to the lower base, and the lower base is connected to the lower pressure head to achieve positioning between the wheel and the lower pressure head. Since the positional relationship between the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head is fixed, positioning between the blade and the wheel is achieved. The wheel has multiple indexing holes, each indexing hole corresponding one-to-one with the welding position of each blade. Driving the indexing holes to rotate can switch the welding position of the wheel, thereby welding each blade to the corresponding welding position on the wheel, achieving high-precision welding. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the integral bladed disk welding positioning fixture provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the distance adjustment device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the blade tooling provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the wheel tooling provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 5 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the wheel tooling provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 6 This is the third structural schematic diagram of the wheel tooling provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 7 This is the fourth structural schematic diagram of the wheel tooling provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the blade structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the upper base provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] The labels for the attached figures are as follows:

[0043] 100. Integral bladed disk welding and positioning fixture; 200. Blade; 210. Process table; 300. Wheel; 310. Indexing hole; 400. Upper pressure head; 500. Lower pressure head;

[0044] 1. Upper base; 2. Blade fixture; 3. Lower base; 4. Wheel fixture; 5. Distance adjustment device; 11. Mounting hole; 12. Pin hole; 21. Receiving cavity; 22. First mold; 23. Second mold; 41. Shaft; 42. First support block; 43. Second support block; 44. Positioning plate; 51. First screw; 52. Second screw; 211. Groove; 411. Limiting hole; 431. Upper support block; 432. Lower support block; 441. First positioning hole; 442. Second positioning hole. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0046] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be located directly on or indirectly on the other component. When a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other component.

[0047] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0048] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating relative importance or the number of technical features. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. The specific implementation of this invention will be described in more detail below with reference to specific embodiments:

[0049] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an integral bladed disk welding positioning fixture 100 for welding blades 200 to a disk 300. It includes an upper base 1, a blade fixture 2, a lower base 3, and a disk fixture 4. The upper base 1 is used to connect with an upper pressure head 400. The blade fixture 2 is connected to the upper base 1 and has a receiving cavity 21 for accommodating the blades 200. The receiving cavity 21 has grooves 211 at both ends. The lower base 3 is used to connect with a lower pressure head 500. The disk fixture 4 includes a shaft 41 fixedly connected to the disk 300 and a support seat connected to the shaft 41. The support seat is connected to the lower base 3. The shaft 41 is coaxially arranged with the disk 300. The disk 300 has multiple indexing holes 310 along its circumference, each indexing hole 310 corresponding to the welding position of each blade 200.

[0050] Understandably, the integral bladed disk welding positioning fixture 100 provided in this embodiment is suitable for use in conjunction with a discharge plasma diffusion welding device. The discharge plasma diffusion welding device includes a vacuum chamber, an upper pressure head 400 and a lower pressure head 500 located within the vacuum chamber and capable of vertical movement. The upper pressure head 400 and lower pressure head 500 apply pressure to the component to be welded located between them. The upper pressure head 400 and lower pressure head 500 are electrically connected to a pulsed current power supply. The upper pressure head 400 and lower pressure head 500 must be made of a conductive material. A DC pulsed current is applied between the upper pressure head 400 and lower pressure head 500 to generate discharge plasma, achieving rapid diffusion welding of the blade 200 and the disk 300 under impact pressure, Joule heat, and an electric field. Figure 9As shown, the upper base 1 has a mounting hole 11, the shape of which matches the shape of the upper pressure head 400. Multiple pin holes 12 are arranged circumferentially around the mounting hole 11. Pins passing through the pin holes 12 connect and fix the upper base 1 to the upper pressure head 400, achieving positioning between them. Similarly, the lower base 3 and the lower pressure head 500 can also be connected and positioned using the same method.

[0051] The blade fixture 2 is preferably made of graphite, while the blade 200 is generally made of metal. The blade fixture 2 employs a "contour-following" design, meaning that the internal receiving cavity 21 of the blade fixture 2 is machined according to the shape of the blade 200 to be welded, so that the shape of the receiving cavity 21 is the same as that of the blade 200. During the welding process, heat is generated at both ends of the blade 200, and heat conduction causes the temperature of the blade 200 to rise. Due to thermal expansion, the size of the blade 200 increases, and the temperature of the blade fixture 2 also rises. However, the coefficient of thermal expansion of metal is greater than that of graphite. Therefore, the dimensional change of the blade 200 made of metal is greater than that of the blade fixture 2 made of graphite. Thus, grooves 211 should be provided at both ends of the receiving cavity 21 of the blade fixture 2 to ensure a certain axial and circumferential gap between the inner wall of the groove 211 and the blade 200.

[0052] Specifically, the shaft 41 is provided with a wheel positioning surface perpendicular to the axis of the shaft 41. The wheel positioning surface can abut against the end face of the wheel 300. The shaft 41 is provided with a protrusion. The width of the protrusion is the same as the thickness of the wheel 300, thereby ensuring the positional accuracy of the wheel 300 during the assembly process.

[0053] It should be noted that the temperature is highest at the weld seam during welding, and the temperature near the weld seam will further increase with the extension of the holding time. According to the preliminary test results, the temperature is relatively high within the range of 0-10mm of the weld seam. Therefore, the indexing hole 310 of the wheel 300 should not be too close to the weld seam. However, if the distance is too far, the positioning accuracy of the indexing hole 310 will be insufficient. Therefore, a distance of 10-20mm between the indexing hole 310 and the weld seam is more suitable. At the same time, in order to ensure that the wheel tooling 4 does not shift during the rotation of the wheel 300, the center of gravity of the wheel tooling 4 is designed to be located at the center of the wheel tooling 4 for easy operation.

[0054] By adopting the above technical solution, the blade fixture 2 is provided with a receiving cavity 21 for accommodating the blade 200. The blade 200 is disposed in the receiving cavity 21, which can realize the positioning between the blade 200 and the blade fixture 2. The blade fixture 2 is connected to the upper base 1, and the upper base 1 is connected to the upper pressure head 400 to realize the positioning between the blade 200 and the upper pressure head 400. The wheel 300 is connected to the wheel fixture 4 to realize the positioning between the wheel 300 and the wheel fixture 4. The wheel fixture 4 is connected to the lower base 3, and the lower base 3 is connected to the lower pressure head 500 to realize the positioning between the wheel 300 and the lower pressure head 500. Since the positional relationship between the upper pressure head 400 and the lower pressure head 500 is fixed, the positioning between the blade 200 and the wheel 300 is thus realized. The wheel 300 is provided with multiple indexing holes 310, each indexing hole 310 corresponding to the welding position of each blade 200. By driving the indexing holes 310 to rotate, the welding position of the wheel 300 can be switched, thereby welding each blade 200 to the corresponding welding position on the wheel 300, achieving high-precision welding.

[0055] like Figure 6 As shown, in one optional embodiment of this invention, the wheel fixture 4 further includes a positioning plate 44. The positioning plate 44 has a first positioning hole 441 and a second positioning hole 442. The first positioning hole 441 is used to connect with the indexing hole 310 of the wheel 300 by a pin, and the second positioning hole 442 is used to connect with the limiting hole 411 of the shaft 41 by a pin. The pin passes through the first positioning hole 441 and the indexing hole 310 to fix the wheel 300 to the positioning plate 44; the pin passes through the second positioning hole 442 and the limiting hole 411 to fix the wheel 300 to the shaft 41, thereby achieving a fixed connection between the wheel 300 and the shaft 41.

[0056] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 7 As shown, in one optional embodiment of this invention, the support base includes a first support block 42 connected to the lower base 3 and a second support block 43 connected to the lower base 3. The first support blocks 42 are arranged opposite to each other, and the shaft 41 is coaxially arranged with the wheel 300. The two ends of the shaft 41 are rotatably connected to the first support block 42 and the second support block 43, respectively. The second support block 43 is used to ensure the stability of the entire integral bladed disk welding positioning fixture 100 during the welding process, and at the same time, it provides support force to the shaft 41 during the welding process to ensure that the shaft 41 does not bend.

[0057] In one optional embodiment of this invention, the second support block 43 includes an upper support block 431 and a lower support block 432. The upper support block 431 and the lower support block 432 are connected by a pin, and the upper support block 431 and the lower support block 432 cooperate to form a placement hole. A shaft 41 is rotatably connected in the placement hole. The volume of the first support block 42 is larger than the volume of the second support block 43. During the welding process, current will pass through the first support block 42 and the second support block 43. Since the wheel 300 needs to be installed on the shaft 41, the second support block 43 needs to be designed as a detachable structure. The second support block 43 is composed of the upper support block 431 and the lower support block 432. There is a connection interface between the upper support block 431 and the lower support block 432. If current passes through this connection interface, a large amount of heat will be generated, which will cause the second support block 43 to deform and thus affect the stability of the welding process. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the resistance value of the first support block 42 is less than the resistance value of the second support block 43 to ensure that the current mainly passes through the first support block 42. Since the resistance is inversely proportional to the volume of the component, the volume of the first support block 42 must be greater than the volume of the second support block 43.

[0058] like Figure 3 As shown, in one optional embodiment of this invention, the blade fixture 2 is a one-piece molded structure with a receiving cavity 21. In another embodiment, the blade fixture 2 includes a first mold 22 and a second mold 23 respectively connected to the upper base 1, with the first mold 22 and the second mold 23 cooperating to form the receiving cavity 21. The blade fixture 2 can be a one-piece structure or a split structure. When a split structure is used, the first mold 22 and the second mold 23 are precisely positioned using multiple positioning pins.

[0059] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in one optional embodiment of this invention, the integral bladed disk welding positioning fixture 100 further includes a distance adjustment device 5. The blade fixture 2 is slidably connected to the upper base 1, and the distance adjustment device 5 is connected to the upper base 1 with its end abutting against the blade fixture 2. The distance adjustment device 5 is used to adjust the gap width between the inner wall of the groove 211 and the blade 200. In some embodiments, the distance adjustment device 5 can be an electric push rod, which is fixedly connected to the upper base 1, and the output end of the electric push rod is connected to the blade fixture 2.

[0060] In one optional embodiment of this invention, the distance adjustment device 5 includes a plurality of first screws 51 threaded to the upper base 1 and a plurality of second screws 52 threaded to the upper base 1. The ends of the first screws 51 abut against the long side of the blade fixture 2, and the ends of the second screws 52 abut against the short side of the blade fixture 2. The first screws 51 are used to adjust the width of the groove 211 between the long side of the blade fixture 2 and the blade 200, and the second screws 52 are used to adjust the width of the groove 211 between the short side of the blade fixture 2 and the blade 200. In use, the blade fixture 2 is first brought into contact with one side of the blade 200 to reach a reference position; then the first screws 51 and the second screws 52 are adjusted to finally position the blade fixture 2 in the designed position, achieving precise positioning of the blade 200 and the blade fixture 2. For example, when it is necessary to adjust the gap distance of the groove 211 to 0.3mm, firstly, make the side of the blade fixture 2 away from the first screw 51 close to the edge of the blade 200, that is, the gap distance of the groove 211 on the side of the blade fixture 2 close to the first screw 51 is 0.6mm. Then, adjust the first screw 51 to push the blade fixture 2 to move. By controlling the number of turns of the first screw 51, the circumferential gap distance of the groove 211 is adjusted to 0.3mm.

[0061] As one optional implementation of this embodiment, the blade tooling 2 is made of graphite material, such as... Figure 8As shown, the bottom of the blade 200 is provided with a process table 210. The process table 210 is used to connect with the wheel 300. The process table 210 replaces the blade body and directly contacts the wheel 300, increasing the area to be welded. It can be used as a welding connection material. During welding, the process table 210 contacts the end face of the blade tooling 2, which makes it convenient for the blade tooling 2 to apply pressure and fix it. During the electro-plasma diffusion welding process, the temperature at the weld seam of blade 200 is the highest, and the temperature at the tip is the lowest. As the holding time increases, the temperature near the weld seam of blade 200 gradually rises, approaching the weld seam temperature. To ensure no circumferential interference between blade fixture 2 and blade 200 during welding, groove 211 needs to have a certain width. However, the cross-sectional area of ​​groove 211 determines the pressure area exerted by blade fixture 2 on process table 210; that is, the larger the cross-sectional area of ​​groove 211, the smaller the pressure area. During diffusion welding, there are requirements for the size of the pressure area; the larger the pressure area, the better. Therefore, the smaller the cross-sectional area of ​​groove 211, the better. Thus, the gap R between the inner wall of groove 211 and blade 200 should not be too large. Simultaneously, during welding, heat at the weld seam is transferred to the blade body of blade 200 through heat conduction. Since the blade body and blade fixture 2 are not in contact, heat transfer can only occur through thermal radiation. To prevent excessively high temperatures at the blade body, the width of groove 211 should not be too large to reduce the area of ​​thermal radiation. Based on theoretical calculations and experimental verification, the gap R between the inner wall of groove 211 and blade 200 and the depth h of groove 211 are suitable to be increased by 0.2mm to 0.4mm from their minimum values. That is, the gap R between the inner wall of groove 211 and blade 200 and the depth h of groove 211 should satisfy the following formulas: The gap R between the inner wall of groove 211 and blade 200 satisfies the following formula: R=(θ 叶片 -θ 石墨 )×T×d / 2+A; The depth h of groove 211 satisfies the following formula: h=(θ 叶片 -θ 石墨 )×T×h 叶片 +h 叶片 +A; where θ 叶片 θ is the coefficient of thermal expansion of the blade material; 石墨 Where is the coefficient of thermal expansion of graphite material, T is the welding temperature, d is the blade thickness, and A ranges from 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm.

[0062] In one optional embodiment of this invention, the shaft 41, lower base 3, and first support block 42 are an integral structure. Since electro-plasma diffusion welding achieves its purpose of increasing welding temperature by generating heat through resistance of current, it is necessary to ensure that the resistance values ​​of other components are lower than the resistance value at the weld, thereby maximizing the temperature at the weld. If there are connection interfaces between components, a large amount of heat will be generated when current flows through the connection interface. Therefore, the shaft 41, lower base 3, and first support block 42 are preferably an integral structure to reduce the number of connection interfaces.

[0063] The present invention also provides a method for using any of the integral bladed disk welding positioning fixtures described in the above embodiments, the method comprising the following steps:

[0064] S10. Assemble the wheel 300 onto the shaft 41, place the lower base 3 into the vacuum chamber furnace, and connect the lower base 3 with the lower pressure head 500; the wheel 300 is preferably formed by powder high-temperature alloy processing.

[0065] S20. The blade 200 is assembled into the receiving cavity 21 of the blade tooling 2; the blade 200 is preferably formed by processing a single crystal material.

[0066] S30. Place the upper base 1 inside the vacuum chamber furnace and connect the upper base 1 with the upper pressure head 400. Before operation, clean and dry the overall bladed disk welding positioning fixture 100, blades 200 and wheel 300.

[0067] S40. Start the upper pressure head 400. The upper pressure head 400 drives the blade 200 to move toward the wheel 300. The upper pressure head 400 applies a preset pressure to fix the blade 200 and the wheel 300. Specifically, the preset pressure is 0.5t.

[0068] S50. Adjust the width of the gap between the inner wall of the groove 211 and the blade 200; the width of the gap is preferably 0.3 mm.

[0069] S60. Seal the vacuum chamber furnace body and perform a vacuuming operation. Once the vacuum level reaches below a preset value, perform discharge plasma diffusion welding at a preset temperature and preset welding pressure, and hold for a preset time; specifically, the preset value is 10... -2 Pa, preset temperature is 900-980℃, preset welding pressure is 5MPa-35MPa, preset time is 15-60min.

[0070] S70, drive the wheel 300 to rotate a preset angle, and repeat the above steps S20 to S60 until all blades 200 are welded and fixed to the wheel 300 to form an integral bladed disk. Specifically, the preset angle is 360° / S, where S is the number of indexing holes 310.

[0071] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding and positioning fixture for an integral bladed disk, used for welding multiple blades to a disk, characterized in that, include: The upper base is used to connect and mate with the upper pressure head. A blade fixture is connected to the upper base. The blade fixture is provided with a receiving cavity for accommodating the blade, and the receiving cavity has grooves at both ends. The lower base is used to connect with the lower pressure head; A wheel fixture, comprising a shaft fixedly connected to the wheel and a support base connected to the shaft, the support base being connected to the lower base, the shaft being coaxially arranged with the wheel, and the wheel having a plurality of indexing holes along its circumference, each indexing hole corresponding one-to-one with the welding position of each blade; The blade tooling is made of graphite material, and the gap R between the inner wall of the groove and the blade satisfies the following formula: R = (θ) 叶片 -θ 石墨 )×T×d / 2+A; The depth h of the groove satisfies the following formula: h=(θ 叶片 -θ 石墨 )×T×h 叶片 +h 叶片 +A; where θ 叶片 θ is the coefficient of thermal expansion of the blade material; 石墨 Where is the coefficient of thermal expansion of graphite material, T is the welding temperature, d is the blade thickness, and A ranges from 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm.

2. The integral bladed disk welding positioning fixture as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The wheel tooling also includes a positioning plate, which has a first positioning hole and a second positioning hole. The first positioning hole is used to connect with the indexing hole pin, and the second positioning hole is used to connect with the shaft's limiting hole pin.

3. The integral bladed disk welding positioning fixture as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The support base includes a first support block connected to the lower base and a second support block connected to the lower base. The first support block and the second support block are arranged opposite to each other, and the two ends of the shaft are rotatably connected to the first support block and the second support block, respectively.

4. The integral bladed disk welding positioning fixture as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The second support block includes an upper support block and a lower support block. The upper support block and the lower support block are connected by a pin, and the upper support block and the lower support block cooperate to form a placement hole. The shaft is rotatably connected in the placement hole. The volume of the first support block is larger than the volume of the second support block.

5. The integral bladed disk welding positioning fixture as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The blade tooling is an integrally molded structure, and the integrally molded structure is provided with the receiving cavity; Alternatively, the blade tooling includes a first mold and a second mold respectively connected to the upper base, the first mold and the second mold cooperating to form the receiving cavity.

6. The integral bladed disk welding positioning fixture as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The integral bladed disk welding positioning fixture also includes a distance adjustment device. The blade fixture is slidably connected to the upper base. The distance adjustment device is connected to the upper base and its end abuts against the blade fixture. The distance adjustment device is used to adjust the gap width between the inner wall of the groove and the blade.

7. The integral bladed disk welding positioning fixture as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The distance adjustment device includes a plurality of first screws threaded to the upper base and a plurality of second screws threaded to the upper base. The ends of the first screws abut against the long side of the blade fixture, and the ends of the second screws abut against the short side of the blade fixture.

8. The integral bladed disk welding positioning fixture as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The shaft, the lower base, and the first support block are an integral structure.

9. A method of using the integral bladed disk welding positioning fixture as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The method of use includes the following steps: S10. Assemble the wheel onto the shaft, place the lower base into the furnace body, and connect the lower base with the lower pressure head. S20. Assemble the blade into the receiving cavity of the blade tooling; S30. Place the upper base inside the furnace body and connect the upper base with the upper pressure head; S40. Start the upper pressure head. The upper pressure head drives the blades to move toward the wheel. The upper pressure head applies a preset pressure to fix the blades to the wheel. S50. Adjust the width of the gap between the inner wall of the groove and the blade; S60. Seal the furnace body and perform a vacuuming operation. Once the vacuum level reaches below the preset value, perform discharge plasma diffusion welding at the preset temperature and preset welding pressure, and hold for the preset time. S70. Drive the wheel to rotate at a preset angle, and repeat the above steps S20 to S60 until all blades are welded and fixed to the wheel to form an integral bladed disk.

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