High-efficiency cleaning type biomass pellet combustion furnace

Abstract

This invention relates to a high-efficiency, clean biomass pellet combustion furnace, comprising a furnace body. A combustion chamber is located at the upper part of the furnace body, and a gasification chamber is located at the lower part. A narrow combustion port is provided at the connection between the gasification chamber and the combustion chamber. The furnace uses a biomass pellet feeder to deliver biomass pellets into the gasification chamber for gasification. A blower blows air into the gasification chamber to provide the necessary gasification conditions, ensuring complete gasification of the biomass pellets. A baffle plate in the gasification chamber ensures even distribution of the biomass pellets on the grate. Combined with an air cap structure, this allows for sufficient contact between the biomass pellets and air, improving gas-solid mixing efficiency. The narrow combustion port increases the gasification gas flow rate, and the tangential air intake structure further enhances mixing efficiency, resulting in more complete combustion. This, in turn, reduces emissions of particulate matter and nitrogen oxides, thus benefiting the environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of small biomass combustion furnaces, specifically relating to a high-efficiency and clean biomass pellet combustion furnace. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass pellets are an excellent clean energy source, and my country possesses abundant biomass energy resources. Their effective utilization is increasingly attracting attention. Combustion furnaces that burn biomass pellets are environmentally friendly, low-cost, and enable carbon recycling. However, in the actual use of traditional small-scale civilian biomass combustion furnaces, direct combustion is typically employed, burning biomass within a fixed furnace. This results in low fuel utilization, low combustion efficiency, easy coking, easy ash accumulation, incomplete solid combustion, and significant pollutant emissions, leading to low biomass energy utilization and high pollution levels. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-efficiency and clean biomass pellet combustion furnace to solve the above-mentioned problems. This furnace is characterized by its cleanliness and high efficiency, effectively improving the biomass combustion rate and achieving the requirements of cost saving, energy reduction, and pollution emission reduction.

[0004] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A high-efficiency, clean biomass pellet combustion furnace includes a furnace body and further includes:

[0006] The combustion chamber is located at the upper end of the furnace body, and the gasification chamber is located at the lower end. A narrow combustion port is provided at the connection between the gasification chamber and the combustion chamber. A tangential air inlet pipe structure is provided on the four sides of the combustion port.

[0007] Several vertical pipes for air intake are installed on the bottom surface of the gasification chamber. The top of each vertical pipe has an air outlet, and the top of the vertical pipe is surrounded by a wind cap. The side surface of the wind cap has several side holes for air outlet.

[0008] As a further optimization of the present invention, the outer end of the tangential air intake pipe structure is connected to an annular pipe. Both the annular pipe and the vertical pipe are supplied with air by a blower. The blower can form a high-speed airflow, which, together with the annular pipe, allows the tangential air intake pipe structure to enter the airflow, facilitating thorough mixing with the vaporized gas.

[0009] As a further optimization of the present invention, the blower's air outlet is provided with a first air supply pipe and a second air supply pipe, wherein the first air supply pipe is connected to an annular pipe and the second air supply pipe is connected to several vertical pipes, and the air supply requirement is achieved through one blower and two air supply pipes.

[0010] As a further optimization of the present invention, the gasification chamber sidewall of the furnace body is provided with a feed inlet, wherein a biomass pellet feeder is provided in the middle section of the feed inlet.

[0011] As a further optimization of the present invention, a chimney is provided at the top of the furnace body and an ash chamber is provided at the bottom. A grate structure for ash discharge is provided between the ash chamber and the gasification chamber.

[0012] As a further optimization of the present invention, the grate surface is provided with several guide plates with different angles and heights, so that the biomass particles are evenly distributed on the grate, while increasing the turbulence of the gas and promoting full contact and mixing between the air and the biomass particles.

[0013] As a further optimization of the present invention, the wind cap is slidably connected to the vertical pipe, and a limiting flange is provided on the inner side of the bottom end of the wind cap. When the wind cap slides upward, the side hole is exposed; otherwise, the side hole is blocked by the outer wall of the vertical pipe, further preventing the possibility of biomass particles entering the interior of the wind cap.

[0014] As a further optimization of the present invention, the side holes are located on the side surface of the hood in a tangentially divergent shape, which increases the coverage of the air outlet of the side holes and makes the air supply more uniform.

[0015] As a further optimization of the present invention, the height of the side hole is higher on the inside and lower on the outside, and tilts downward, which can eliminate the dead angle of air supply at the bottom of the wind cap, and at the same time prevent ash from entering the side hole.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention uses a biomass pellet feeder to send materials into a gasification chamber for gasification treatment. A blower blows air into the gasification chamber to provide an oxidizing atmosphere, allowing the pellets to be fully gasified. The guide plate in the gasification chamber, combined with the air cap structure, ensures that the biomass pellets are evenly distributed on the grate and fully contact the air, improving the gas-solid mixing efficiency. The narrow combustion port is set to increase the gasification gas flow rate, and the tangential air inlet pipe further improves the mixing efficiency, making combustion more complete. At the same time, it reduces the emission of particulate matter and nitrogen oxides, which is beneficial to the environment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the vaporization chamber of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a top view of the combustion port and air intake structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hood in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the wind cap in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a top sectional view of the hood in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a front view of the wind cap in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; in the figure: 1, furnace body; 101, gasification chamber; 102, combustion chamber; 103, feed inlet; 104, feeder; 105, chimney; 106, ash chamber; 2, combustion port; 201, tangential air inlet pipe structure; 202, annular pipe; 3, blower; 301, first air supply pipe; 302, second air supply pipe; 303, vertical pipe; 4, wind cap; 401, limiting flange; 402, side hole; 5, guide plate; 6, grate. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a high-efficiency and clean biomass pellet combustion furnace includes a furnace body 1. The upper part of the furnace body 1 is provided with a combustion chamber 102, and the lower part of the furnace body 1 is provided with a gasification chamber 101. A narrow combustion port 2 is provided at the connection between the gasification chamber 101 and the combustion chamber 102. A tangential air inlet pipe structure 201 is provided on the four sides of the combustion port 2. A number of vertical pipes 303 for air intake are provided on the bottom surface of the gasification chamber 101. The top of the vertical pipe 303 is provided with an air outlet, and the top of the vertical pipe 303 is fixedly connected to an air cap 4. A number of side holes 402 for air outlet are opened on the side surface of the air cap 4 to evenly spray the airflow from the vertical pipe 303 to the surrounding area.

[0027] During operation, biomass pellets enter the gasification chamber 101 for gasification. Air enters through multiple air caps 4 and several side holes 402 distributed on the sides of the air caps 4, allowing the air to mix thoroughly with the biomass pellets. The gasified gas rises and its flow velocity increases as it passes through the narrow combustion port 2, where it mixes thoroughly with the air entering through the tangential air intake structure 201, forming a rotating airflow and thus improving the mixing efficiency. The mixed gas then enters the combustion chamber 102 for combustion. Under the air supply conditions of the air caps 4, the biomass pellets can be partially burned and fully gasified in the gasification chamber 101. The gasified gas has an increased flow velocity as it passes through the narrow combustion port 2, which, in conjunction with the tangential air intake structure 201, further mixes the gasified gas with air before combustion, improving combustion efficiency.

[0028] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the tangential air intake pipe structure 201 and the air cap 4 discharge air evenly, an annular pipe 202 is connected to the outer end of the tangential air intake pipe structure 201. Both the annular pipe 202 and the vertical pipe 303 are supplied with air by the blower 3. The air outlet of the blower 3 is provided with a first air supply pipe 301 and a second air supply pipe 302. The first air supply pipe 301 is connected to the annular pipe 202, and the second air supply pipe 302 is connected to several vertical pipes 303. The air force of the blower 3 enters the vertical pipes 303 and the annular pipe 202 through the air supply pipes, and is then evenly sprayed out from the air cap 4 and the tangential air intake pipe structure 201.

[0029] In order to increase the uniform distribution of biomass pellets on the grate 6 in the gasification chamber 101 and promote sufficient disturbance between the airflow and the biomass pellets, several guide plates 5 with different angles and heights are installed on the grate 6 in the gasification chamber 101.

[0030] As a complete biomass pellet combustion furnace, a chimney 105 is also required at the top of the furnace body 1 to facilitate the discharge of smoke and dust. An ash chamber 106 is provided at the bottom of the gasification chamber 101, and a grate 6 for ash discharge is provided between the ash chamber 106 and the gasification chamber 101.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] like Figure 5-7 As shown, this embodiment presents a high-efficiency, clean biomass pellet combustion furnace. Unlike Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the air cap 4 and the vertical pipe 303 are slidably connected. Figure 5 As shown, a limiting flange 401 is provided on the inner side of the bottom end of the hood 4. Correspondingly, a structure corresponding to the limiting flange 401 is provided at the top of the vertical tube 303. When the hood 4 slides upward, the side hole 402 is exposed. Conversely, when the hood 4 is at the bottom end, the side hole 402 is blocked by the outer wall of the vertical tube 303.

[0033] During operation, the wind pressure at the top of the vertical pipe 303 pushes the wind cap 4 upward, allowing air to escape through the side hole 402. That is, when no gas flows out, the side hole 402 is in a closed state, preventing biomass particles from entering the vertical pipe 303, thus providing a protective function.

[0034] Furthermore, to increase the coverage area of ​​the wind cap 4, the side holes 402 are located on the side surface of the wind cap 4 and are tangentially divergent. When the airflow is ejected from the side holes 402, such as Figure 6 As shown, the side-hole vent cap 4 rotates under the reaction force, so that the side hole 402 can cover the entire range.

[0035] Among them, there may be dead angles at the root of the guide plate 5 and the vertical pipe 303. Therefore, the height of the side hole 402 is higher inside and lower outside, so that the blown air is obliquely downward, thereby eliminating dead angles at the root and edge corners.

[0036] Working Principle: Biomass pellets enter through inlet 103 and, after passing through biomass pellet feeder 104, enter gasification chamber 101. Gasification chamber 101 gasifies the biomass pellets. Blower 3 blows air into gasification chamber 101 to provide the oxygen required for gasification, ensuring complete pellet gasification. Guide plates 5 in gasification chamber 101 evenly distribute the pellets on grate 6, enhancing gas-particle contact. The fully gasified pellets form combustible biogas. The gasified gas is then thoroughly mixed with air again through combustion port 2 and enters combustion chamber 102 for combustion. The resulting smoke is discharged from chimney 10. Opening grate 6 causes ash in gasification chamber to fall into ash chamber for easy slag cleaning. The above embodiments only illustrate several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency, clean biomass pellet combustion furnace, comprising a furnace body (1), characterized in that: Also includes: The combustion chamber (102) and the gasification chamber (101) are located at the upper end of the furnace body (1). A narrow combustion port (2) is provided at the connection between the gasification chamber (101) and the combustion chamber (102). A tangential air inlet pipe structure (201) is provided on the four sides of the combustion port (2). Several vertical pipes (303) for air intake are provided on the bottom surface inside the gasification chamber (101). The top of the vertical pipe (303) is provided with an air outlet, and the top of the vertical pipe (303) is surrounded by a wind cap (4). Several side holes (402) for air outlet are provided on the side surface of the wind cap (4). The top of the furnace body (1) is provided with a chimney (105) and the bottom is provided with an ash chamber (106). A grate (6) for ash discharge is provided between the ash chamber (106) and the gasification chamber (101). The wind cap (4) is slidably connected to the vertical pipe (303), and a limiting flange (401) is provided on the inner side of the bottom end of the wind cap (4). When the wind cap (4) slides upward, the side hole (402) is exposed; otherwise, the side hole (402) is blocked by the outer wall of the vertical pipe (303). The side hole (402) is located on the side surface of the wind cap (4) in a tangentially divergent shape. The height of the side hole (402) is higher inside and lower outside, and it is inclined downward.

2. The high-efficiency clean biomass pellet combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer end of the tangential air intake structure (201) is connected to an annular pipe (202), and both the annular pipe (202) and the vertical pipe (303) are supplied with air by a blower (3).

3. The high-efficiency clean biomass pellet combustion furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The blower (3) has a first air supply pipe (301) and a second air supply pipe (302) at its air outlet. The first air supply pipe (301) is connected to the annular pipe (202), and the second air supply pipe (302) is connected to several vertical pipes (303).

4. The high-efficiency clean biomass pellet combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gasification chamber (101) of the furnace body (1) is provided with a feed inlet (103) on its side wall, wherein a biomass pellet feeder (104) is provided in the middle section of the feed inlet (103).

5. The high-efficiency clean biomass pellet combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the grate (6) is provided with several guide plates (5) with different angles and heights.

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