A micro-grid day-ahead optimal scheduling method considering regional pollution and demand side response

Abstract

This invention discloses a day-ahead optimal scheduling method for microgrids that considers regional pollution and demand-side response, comprising: 1) calculating the pollutant emissions for optimal scheduling of the microgrid in islanded mode, with the minimum energy consumption of the microgrid as the objective function under the constraints of micro-power generation output and microgrid power balance; 2) proposing a regional pollution index based on the pollutant emissions, and establishing an energy consumption compensation mechanism based on regional pollution and an energy consumption compensation mechanism considering load reduction; 3) connecting the microgrid to the grid, adding the output power of the public grid and the microgrid through tie lines to the microgrid output matrix, adding microgrid tie line constraints and modifying the microgrid power balance constraints, and constructing a function with the objectives of minimizing microgrid energy consumption compensation for users and microgrid operation and maintenance energy consumption, based on the energy consumption compensation mechanism based on regional pollution and the energy consumption compensation mechanism considering load reduction, to solve for the optimal day-ahead scheduling of the microgrid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of day-ahead optimization dispatching of power systems, specifically a day-ahead optimization dispatching method for microgrids that considers regional pollution and demand-side response. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's economy and the soaring demand for energy, the development of new energy sources such as wind and solar power has gradually become an important part of the national energy strategy and sustainable development concept. On the one hand, pollutants generated by non-clean energy sources in the public grid and microgrids are difficult to completely eliminate on-site, requiring time and manpower for treatment. On the other hand, the large-scale integration of new energy sources poses a severe challenge to the stable operation of microgrid power systems. Therefore, fully tapping the dispatch potential of new energy sources such as wind and solar power in microgrids and demand-side dispatch is an important means to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid system and the development of new energy sources. This requires that the day-ahead dispatch of microgrids must ensure low energy consumption of the microgrid system while improving the absorption rate of clean energy and the participation of demand-side response in the day-ahead dispatch strategy of microgrids.

[0003] Current research has yielded some findings on day-ahead optimal dispatching for microgrids. While numerous day-ahead optimal dispatching methods exist, they primarily focus on reducing microgrid energy consumption, lacking research on demand-side response potential and pollutant production within microgrids. With the continuous improvement of the electricity market and the advancement of grid technology, some of the day-ahead optimal dispatching methods for microgrids proposed in existing studies have been applied in certain regions.

[0004] The above microgrid day-ahead optimization dispatching methods take into account the energy consumption of microgrids under the day-ahead dispatching strategy. However, this kind of microgrid day-ahead optimization dispatching mainly emphasizes the reduction of microgrid energy consumption. Users lack the initiative to actively shaving peaks, and the pressure of energy storage for peak shaving is relatively large. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a microgrid day-ahead optimization scheduling method that considers regional pollution and demand-side response. The aim is to reduce the energy consumption of microgrids, fully tap the scheduling potential of the microgrid demand side, reduce pollution of the region by non-clean energy sources, thereby improving the absorption rate of clean energy in microgrids and ensuring the safe and stable operation of microgrid power systems and the development of new energy sources.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] The present invention provides a microgrid day-ahead optimal scheduling method that considers regional pollution and demand-side response, characterized by the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Under the constraints of micro-power source output and microgrid power balance, calculate the pollutant emissions of the microgrid in islanded mode with the objective function of minimizing microgrid energy consumption in islanded mode.

[0009] Step 2: Based on the pollutant emissions of the microgrid under the islanded mode, propose a regional pollution index, and establish an energy consumption compensation mechanism based on the regional pollution level and an energy consumption compensation mechanism that considers the load that can be reduced.

[0010] Step 3: Connect the microgrid to the grid and add the power output of the public grid and the microgrid through the tie line to the microgrid output matrix. Add microgrid tie line constraints and modify microgrid power balance constraints. Based on the energy consumption compensation mechanism based on regional pollution degree and the energy consumption compensation mechanism considering load reduction, construct a function with the goal of minimizing microgrid energy consumption compensation for users and microgrid operation and maintenance energy consumption, and solve for the day-ahead optimal scheduling of the microgrid.

[0011] The microgrid day-ahead optimization scheduling method considering regional pollution and demand-side response described in this invention is also characterized in that step 1 includes:

[0012] Step 1.1: Suppose a microgrid contains N types of micro-sources and operates in islanded mode. Then, the output matrix of the microgrid is denoted as P = [P1, P2, ..., P...]. i ,…,P N ], P i P represents the output of the i-th micro-power source; and P i =[P i,1 ,P i,1 ,…,P i,t ,…P i,T ], P i,t Let represent the output of the i-th micro-power source at time t; T is the total scheduling period.

[0013] Step 1.2: Construct the power balance constraint at time t using equation (1):

[0014] P 1,t +P 2,t +…+P i,t …+P N,t =P LOAD,t -P curt,t,max (1)

[0015] In equation (1), P LOAD,t P represents the load of the microgrid at time t. curt,t,max Let t be the maximum load that the microgrid can reduce at time t;

[0016] Step 1.3: Construct the output constraints of each micro-power source at time t using equation (2):

[0017]

[0018] In equation (2), Let represent the minimum output constraint of the i-th micro-source at time t. This represents the maximum output constraint of the i-th micro-power source at time t.

[0019] Step 1.4: Use equation (3) to solve for the minimum energy consumption F of the microgrid in islanded mode. iland :

[0020]

[0021] In equation (3), N is the total number of types of micro-power sources, and C i This represents the energy consumption per unit output of the i-th micro-source in the microgrid output scheme; U is the total number of pollutant types, β i,u α is the coefficient for the generation of type u pollutants per unit output of the i-th micro-power source. u For pollutants of type u, the unit energy consumption is;

[0022] Step 1.5, let P iland,i,t The minimum energy consumption F of an islanded microgrid iland The output of the i-th micro-source at time t is calculated using equation (4), and the minimum energy consumption F of the microgrid in islanded mode is then determined. iland,min The total pollutant emissions PF under the corresponding microgrid output matrix iland :

[0023]

[0024] Step 2 includes:

[0025] Step 2.1: Construct the regional pollution index W according to equation (5);

[0026]

[0027] In equation (5), β GRID,u P is the coefficient of Class u pollutant generated by the power output of public network units. GRID,t For the power output of the public grid and microgrid interacting via the tie line at time t, P full,i,t P represents the output of the i-th micro-source in the microgrid at full load at time t. full,GRID,t This indicates the power output of the tie line at time t, which represents the maximum transmission power of the public grid and the microgrid through which they interact via the tie line.

[0028] Step 2.2: Construct an energy consumption compensation mechanism based on regional pollution index using equation (6):

[0029]

[0030] In equation (6), C W,t C represents the unit energy consumption compensation value at time t based on the regional pollution index W. basis,t Let t be the unit energy consumption compensation base value at time t, where Δ1 is a decimal between 0 and 1, Δ2 is a decimal greater than Δ1 and less than Δ3, Δ3 is a decimal greater than Δ2 and less than Δ4, Δ4 is ​​a decimal greater than Δ3 and less than Δ5, and Δ5 is a decimal greater than Δ4 and less than 1.

[0031] Step 2.3: Construct an energy consumption compensation mechanism that considers load reduction using equation (7):

[0032] C curt,t =α×C curtbasis,t (7)

[0033] In equation (7), C curt,t This represents the energy compensation value per unit of load reduction at time t, where α is a decimal between 0 and 1, and C curtbasis,t This represents the energy consumption compensation base value per unit of load reduction at time t.

[0034] Step 3 includes:

[0035] Step 3.1: Operate the microgrid in grid-connected mode and add the output power P for the interconnection between the public grid and the microgrid. GRID =[P GRID,1 ,P GRID,2 ,…,P GRID,t ,…P GRID,T This is incorporated into the microgrid output matrix, thus obtaining the microgrid output matrix P = [P1, P2, ..., P]. i ,…,P N ,P GRID ], where P GRID,t This represents the output power of the interconnection between the public grid and the microgrid at time t;

[0036] Step 3.2: Construct microgrid interconnection constraints using equation (8);

[0037] P connect min ≤P GRID,t ≤P connect max (8)

[0038] In equation (8), P connect min P is the minimum interaction force allowed by the connection line. connect max The maximum allowable force for the communication line;

[0039] Step 3.3: Construct the modified microgrid power balance constraint using equation (9);

[0040] P 1,t +P 2,t +…+Pi,t …+P N,t +P GRID,t =P LOAD,t -P curt,t (9)

[0041] In equation (9), P curt,t Let t be the amount of load that can be reduced in the microgrid at time t;

[0042] Step 3.4: Construct a function F using equation (10) with the objective of minimizing energy consumption compensation for users and energy consumption for microgrid operation and maintenance:

[0043]

[0044] In equation (10), δ is a variable of 0 and 1, when P GRID,t When it is greater than 0, let δ be 1, when P GRID,t When it is less than 0, let δ be 0;

[0045] Step 3.5: Solve the objective function F under the conditions of equations (8) and (9) to obtain the day-ahead optimal scheduling scheme for the microgrid.

[0046] The present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store a program that supports the processor in executing the microgrid day-ahead optimization scheduling method, and the processor is configured to execute the program stored in the memory.

[0047] The present invention discloses a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the microgrid day-ahead optimization scheduling method.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0049] 1. The regional pollution index proposed by the method of this invention comprehensively considers the impact of microgrid operation on the environment and the interaction between microgrid and public grid, fully leverages the scheduling potential of various micro-power sources in microgrid, and fully considers the operating characteristics of each micro-power source in microgrid within the scheduling cycle, which is conducive to the clean operation of microgrid under low energy consumption.

[0050] 2. The regional pollution level energy consumption compensation mechanism proposed in this invention takes into account the environmental impact of microgrid operation, ensures the interests of users and the degree of interaction between microgrid and public grid, and fully taps the scheduling potential of demand-side response in microgrid, improves the enthusiasm of users to actively participate in peak shaving, and reduces the peak shaving pressure on the grid side.

[0051] 3. The method of the present invention takes into account both the environmental impact of microgrid operation and the dispatch potential of the user side in the microgrid, reduces the pollution of the microgrid to the environment, and improves the absorption rate of clean energy in the microgrid. Compared with the unoptimized method, the method of the present invention reduces the environmental pollution of the microgrid, increases the enthusiasm of users to actively participate in peak shaving, reduces the peak shaving pressure on the grid side, and effectively ensures the stable operation of the microgrid power system. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0053] In this embodiment, to comprehensively consider pollutant treatment and the absorption rate of new energy sources, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of users to participate in microgrid dispatch, and reduce the peak-shaving pressure on the grid side, a microgrid day-ahead optimization dispatch method considering regional pollution and demand-side response is proposed, such as... Figure 1 As shown, specifically, it includes the following steps in sequence:

[0054] Step 1: Under the constraints of micro-power source output and microgrid power balance, calculate the pollutant emissions of the microgrid in islanded mode with the objective function of minimizing microgrid energy consumption in islanded mode.

[0055] Step 1.1: Assume a microgrid contains N types of micro-sources and operates in islanded mode. Then the output matrix of the microgrid is P = [P1, P2, ..., P...]. i ,…,P N ], P i P represents the output of the i-th micro-power source; and P i =[P i,1 ,P i,1 ,…,P i,t ,…P i,T ], P i，t Let represent the output of the i-th micro-power source at time t; T is the total scheduling period.

[0056] Step 1.2: Construct the power balance constraint at time t using equation (1):

[0057] P 1,t +P 2,t +…+P i,t …+P N,t =P LOAD,t -P curt,t,max (1)

[0058] In equation (1), P i，t P represents the output of the i-th micro-power source at time t; LOAD,t P represents the load of the microgrid at time t. curt,t,maxLet t be the maximum load that the microgrid can reduce at time t; the demand-side response is affected by the dispatch strategy. In step 1.2, it is assumed that the demand side can be fully dispatched within the dispatch cycle to reduce the operating cost of the microgrid, thereby reducing the load that can be reduced to the maximum extent to reduce the output requirements of each micro-power source.

[0059] Step 1.3: Construct the output constraints of each micro-power source at time t using equation (2):

[0060]

[0061] In equation (2), Let represent the minimum output constraint of the i-th micro-source at time t. This represents the maximum output constraint of the i-th micro-power source at time t. Considering the operating characteristics of different micro-power sources, such as the influence of installed capacity and light intensity on photovoltaic power generation, the constraint for photovoltaic power generation is that its output at each time cannot exceed its maximum allowable output.

[0062] Step 1.4: Use equation (3) to solve for the minimum energy consumption F of the microgrid in islanded mode. iland :

[0063]

[0064] In equation (3), N is the total number of types of micro-power sources, and C i This represents the energy consumption per unit output of the i-th micro-source in the microgrid output scheme; U is the total number of pollutant types, β i,u α is the coefficient for the generation of type u pollutants per unit output of the i-th micro-power source. u Let be the unit energy consumption of pollutant class u; by solving the minimum energy consumption of the microgrid in islanded mode, the output of each micro-power source in the microgrid in islanded mode can be obtained, and then the pollutant emissions corresponding to the minimum energy consumption of the microgrid in islanded mode can be calculated.

[0065] Step 1.5, let P iland,i,t The minimum energy consumption F of an islanded microgrid iland The output of the i-th micro-source at time t is calculated using equation (4), and the minimum energy consumption F of the microgrid in islanded mode is then determined. iland,min The total pollutant emissions PF under the corresponding microgrid output matrix iland :

[0066]

[0067] Step 2: Based on the pollutant emissions of the microgrid under the islanded mode, propose a regional pollution index, and establish an energy consumption compensation mechanism based on the regional pollution level and an energy consumption compensation mechanism that considers the load that can be reduced.

[0068] Step 2.1: Construct the regional pollution index W according to equation (5);

[0069]

[0070] In equation (5), β GRID,u P is the coefficient of Class u pollutant generated by the power output of public network units. GRID,t For the power output of the public grid and microgrid interacting via the tie line at time t, P full,i,t P represents the output of the i-th micro-source in the microgrid at full load at time t. full,GRID,t The power output of the public grid and the microgrid through the tie line at time t represents the maximum transmission power of the tie line. The regional pollution index is based on the difference between the amount of pollutants generated when the microgrid and tie line are fully loaded and the amount of pollutants generated when the microgrid is in islanded operation. By calculating the pollution index, a balance is sought between the output of non-clean power sources, the degree of interaction between the microgrid and the public grid, and the user environment.

[0071] Step 2.2: Construct an energy consumption compensation mechanism based on regional pollution index using equation (6):

[0072]

[0073] In the formula, C W,t C represents the unit energy consumption compensation value at time t based on the regional pollution level W. basis,t Let t be the unit energy consumption compensation base value at time t, where Δ1 is a decimal between 0 and 1, Δ2 is a decimal greater than Δ1 and less than Δ3, Δ3 is a decimal greater than Δ2 and less than Δ4, Δ4 is ​​a decimal greater than Δ3 and less than Δ5, and Δ5 is a decimal greater than Δ4 and less than 1.

[0074] Step 2.3: Construct an energy consumption compensation mechanism that considers load reduction using equation (7):

[0075] C curt,t =α×C curtbasis,t (7)

[0076] In equation (7), C curt,t This represents the energy compensation value per unit of load reduction at time t, where α is a decimal between 0 and 1, and C curtbasis,t The energy consumption compensation base value of the unit load that can be reduced at time t is represented; the demand-side response can be guided to participate in grid dispatch through an incentive-based guidance mechanism. This invention establishes an energy consumption compensation mechanism that considers the load that can be reduced, thereby reducing the demand-side load during peak hours, reducing the system peak-shaving pressure and the regional pollution generated by the system operation.

[0077] Step 3: Connect the microgrid to the grid and add the power output of the public grid and the microgrid through the tie line to the microgrid output matrix. Add microgrid tie line constraints and modify microgrid power balance constraints. Based on the energy consumption compensation mechanism based on regional pollution degree and the energy consumption compensation mechanism considering load reduction, construct a function with the goal of minimizing microgrid energy consumption compensation for users and microgrid operation and maintenance energy consumption, and solve for the day-ahead optimal scheduling of the microgrid.

[0078] Step 3.1: Operate the microgrid in grid-connected mode and add the output power P for the interconnection between the public grid and the microgrid. GRID =[P GRID,1 ,P GRID,2 ,…,P GRID,t ,…P GRID,T This is incorporated into the microgrid output matrix, thus obtaining the microgrid output matrix P = [P1, P2, ..., P]. i ,…,P N ,P GRID ], where P GRID,t This represents the output power of the interconnection between the public grid and the microgrid at time t. The microgrid has two modes: islanded and grid-connected. It can switch between the two modes through the interconnection line connected to the public grid. When the microgrid changes from islanded to grid-connected mode, we also need to consider the output power transmitted between the microgrid and the public grid through the interconnection line.

[0079] Step 3.2: Construct microgrid interconnection constraints using equation (8);

[0080] P connect min ≤P GRID,t ≤P connect max (8)

[0081] In the formula, P connect min P is the minimum interaction force allowed by the connection line. connect max The maximum allowable force for the communication line;

[0082] Step 3.3: Construct the modified microgrid power balance constraint using equation (9);

[0083] P 1,t +P 2,t +…+P i,t …+P N,t +P GRID,t =P LOAD,t -P curt,t (9)

[0084] In the formula, P curt,t Let t be the amount of load that can be reduced in the microgrid at time t; at this time, the power balance constraint of the microgrid also needs to consider the output power transmitted between the microgrid and the public grid through the tie line, so Equation (1) is modified accordingly.

[0085] Step 3.4: Construct a function using equation (10) with the objective of minimizing energy consumption compensation for users and energy consumption for microgrid operation and maintenance:

[0086]

[0087] In equation (10), δ is a variable of 0 and 1, when P GRID,t When it is greater than 0, let δ be 1, when P GRID,t When it is less than 0, let δ be 0; Equation (10) is the objective function for microgrid operation under the comprehensive consideration of regional pollution and demand response, which aims to ensure the interaction between the public grid and the microgrid while protecting the microgrid environment and minimizing the energy consumption of microgrid operation.

[0088] Step 3.5: Solve the objective function F under the conditions of equations (8) and (9) to obtain the day-ahead optimal scheduling scheme for the microgrid.

[0089] In this embodiment, an electronic device includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a program that supports the processor in executing the above-described method, and the processor is configured to execute the program stored in the memory.

[0090] In this embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which is executed by a processor to perform the steps of the above method.

Claims

1. A method for day-ahead optimal scheduling of microgrid considering regional pollution and demand side response, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Under the constraints of micro-power source output and microgrid power balance, calculate the pollutant emissions of the microgrid in islanded mode with the objective function of minimizing microgrid energy consumption in islanded mode. Step 1.1: Suppose a microgrid contains N types of micro-sources and operates in islanded mode, then the output matrix of the microgrid is denoted as... , This represents the output power of the i-th micro-power source; and , Let represent the output of the i-th micro-power source at time t; T is the total scheduling period. Step 1.2: Construct the power balance constraint at time t using equation (1): (1) In equation (1), This represents the load on the microgrid at time t. Let t be the maximum load that the microgrid can reduce at time t; Step 1.3: Construct the output constraints of each micro-power source at time t using equation (2): (2) In equation (2), Let represent the minimum output constraint of the i-th micro-source at time t. This represents the maximum output constraint of the i-th micro-power source at time t; Step 1.4: Use equation (3) to solve for the minimum energy consumption of the microgrid in islanded mode. : (3) In equation (3), N represents the total number of types of micro-power sources. This represents the energy consumption per unit output of the i-th micro-power source in the microgrid power output scheme; U is the total number of pollutant types. It is the coefficient for the generation of type u pollutants per unit output of the i-th type of micro-power source. For pollutants of type u, the unit energy consumption is; Step 1.5, let Indicates the minimum energy consumption of an islanded microgrid. The output of the i-th micro-source at time t is used to solve the minimum energy consumption of the microgrid in islanded mode using equation (4). The total pollutant emissions under the corresponding microgrid output matrix : (4) Step 2: Based on the pollutant emissions of the microgrid under the islanded mode, propose a regional pollution index, and establish an energy consumption compensation mechanism based on the regional pollution level and an energy consumption compensation mechanism that considers the load that can be reduced. Step 2.1: Construct the regional pollution index W according to equation (5); (5) In equation (5), It is the coefficient of Class u pollutants generated by the power output of public network units. The power output at time t is the interaction between the public grid and the microgrid via the tie line. This represents the output of the i-th micro-source in the microgrid at full load at time t. This indicates the power output of the tie line at time t, which represents the maximum transmission power of the public grid and the microgrid through which they interact via the tie line. Step 2.2: Construct an energy consumption compensation mechanism based on regional pollution index using equation (6): (6) In equation (6), This represents the unit energy consumption compensation value at time t based on the regional pollution index W. Let t be the unit energy consumption compensation base value. Decimals between 0 and 1 greater than Less than decimal, greater than Less than decimal, greater than Less than decimal, greater than Decimals less than 1; Step 2.3: Construct an energy consumption compensation mechanism that considers load reduction using equation (7): (7) In equation (7), This represents the energy compensation value for the unit load reduction at time t. Decimals between 0 and 1 This represents the energy consumption compensation base value per unit of load reduction at time t; Step 3: Connect the microgrid to the grid and add the output power of the public grid and the microgrid through the tie line to the microgrid output matrix. Add microgrid tie line constraints and modify microgrid power balance constraints. Based on the energy consumption compensation mechanism based on regional pollution degree and the energy consumption compensation mechanism considering load reduction, construct a function with the goal of minimizing microgrid energy consumption compensation for users and microgrid operation and maintenance energy consumption, and solve for the day-ahead optimal scheduling of the microgrid. Step 3.1: Operate the microgrid in grid-connected mode and add power output for the interconnection between the public grid and the microgrid. This is incorporated into the microgrid output matrix to obtain the microgrid output matrix. ,in, This represents the output power of the interconnection between the public grid and the microgrid at time t; Step 3.2: Construct microgrid interconnection constraints using equation (8); (8) In equation (8), The minimum amount of force required for the connection line to interact. The maximum allowable force for the communication line; Step 3.3: Construct the modified microgrid power balance constraint using equation (9); (9) In equation (9), Let t be the amount of load that can be reduced in the microgrid at time t; Step 3.4: Construct a function F using equation (10) with the objective of minimizing energy consumption compensation for users and energy consumption for microgrid operation and maintenance: (10) In equation (10), For variables of 0 and 1, when When it is greater than 0, let When it is 1, When less than 0, let =0; Step 3.5: Solve the objective function F under the conditions of equations (8) and (9) to obtain the day-ahead optimal scheduling scheme for the microgrid.

2. An electronic device, comprising a memory and a processor, characterized in that, The memory is used to store programs that support the processor in executing the microgrid day-ahead optimization scheduling method of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to execute the programs stored in the memory.

3. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program, when run by the processor, executes the steps of the microgrid day-ahead optimization scheduling method of claim 1.

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