A method and apparatus for scheduling transmissions

Abstract

The application discloses a scheduling transmission method and device. The method comprises the following steps: determining the scheduling priority of a terminal according to the instantaneous rate of the terminal and the service type of the first service of the terminal, and performing the transmission of the first service of the terminal according to the scheduling priority of the terminal. The instantaneous rate of the terminal and the scheduling priority of the terminal have a positive correlation corresponding relationship. The target video frame correct rate of the first service is greater than a first threshold. The application can be widely applied to the fields of communication technology, artificial intelligence, Internet of Vehicles, smart home networking and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a scheduling transmission method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous progress and improvement of extended reality (XR) technology, related industries have flourished. Today, XR technology has entered various fields closely related to people's production and life, such as education, entertainment, military, medical care, environmental protection, transportation, and public health.

[0003] During XR service transmission, to ensure the receiver's decoder can correctly decode the XR video content and guarantee user experience, a high video frame accuracy is required. For example, in single-stream transmission mode, the required video frame accuracy for XR services is approximately 99%, while in multi-stream transmission mode, the required accuracy for the base layer (BL) is approximately 99.99%, and for the enhancement layer (EL) is approximately 50%. However, existing scheduling algorithms, such as round-robin (RR) or proportional fairness (PF) algorithms, only consider the scheduling fairness among multiple scheduled terminals within a single cell. For instance, terminals with poor channel quality may still have scheduling opportunities. However, terminals with poor channel quality cannot meet the video frame accuracy requirements of XR services, resulting in a low user satisfaction rate in that cell. Furthermore, scheduling terminals with poor channel quality wastes scheduling resources and degrades system performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a scheduling transmission method and apparatus to solve the problems of poor channel quality in existing scheduling algorithms, which prevent terminals from meeting the video frame accuracy requirements of XR services, resulting in low user satisfaction and resource waste.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0006] Firstly, a scheduling transmission method is provided. This method can be executed by an access network device, a chip within the access network device, or a functional module within the access network device. The method includes: determining a scheduling priority for the terminal based on its instantaneous rate and the service type of a first service of the terminal; and transmitting the first service with the terminal according to the determined scheduling priority. Wherein, there is a positive correlation between the instantaneous rate of the terminal and its scheduling priority, and the target video frame accuracy of the first service is greater than a first threshold.

[0007] Based on the method described in the first aspect, in a scenario where a first service is being transmitted with a terminal and the target video frame accuracy is greater than a first threshold, the scheduling priority of the terminal can be determined by referring to the instantaneous rate of the terminal. Terminals with higher instantaneous rates are prioritized for the transmission of the first service, maximizing the number of correctly transmitted video frames of the first service by terminals with higher instantaneous rates, so as to achieve the target video frame accuracy of the first service as much as possible, meet the transmission requirements of the first service, and improve the user satisfaction rate in the cell.

[0008] In one possible design, determining the scheduling priority of a terminal based on its instantaneous rate includes: determining the scheduling priority of a terminal based on its instantaneous rate and a first parameter, wherein the first parameter is used to indicate the accuracy of the first video frame of the first service.

[0009] Based on this possible design, in addition to referencing the instantaneous rate of the terminal, the scheduling priority of the terminal can also be determined by referring to the video frame accuracy of the terminal's first service, so as to ensure that the video frame accuracy of the terminal when transmitting the first service reaches the target video frame accuracy as much as possible, thereby satisfying the user experience.

[0010] In one possible design, when the accuracy of the first video frame of the first service is less than the accuracy of the target video frame of the first service, there is a positive correlation between the accuracy of the first video frame of the first service and the scheduling priority of the terminal. That is, the closer the accuracy of the first video frame of the terminal is to the target video frame accuracy, the higher the scheduling priority of the terminal, ensuring that the terminal with a higher accuracy of video frame is scheduled first, so as to meet the accuracy requirement of the first service of the terminal.

[0011] In one possible design, if the accuracy of the first video frame of the first service is greater than the accuracy of the target video frame of the first service, there is a negative correlation between the accuracy of the first video frame of the first service and the scheduling priority of the terminal, or the scheduling priority of the terminal remains unchanged; wherein, the scheduling priority of the terminal is lower than the scheduling priority corresponding to the accuracy of the target video frame of the first service.

[0012] Based on this possible design, if the video frame accuracy is higher than the target video frame accuracy, the scheduling priority of the terminal can be kept unchanged or slightly reduced, while taking into account the data scheduling of other terminals, ensuring that other terminals also have the opportunity to be scheduled, and achieving scheduling fairness.

[0013] In one possible design, the scheduling priority of the terminal is lower than the scheduling priority corresponding to the target video frame accuracy of the first service, including: the difference between the value corresponding to the scheduling priority of the target video frame accuracy of the first service and the value corresponding to the scheduling priority of the terminal is less than a second threshold.

[0014] Based on this possible design, the scheduling priority of terminals whose video frame accuracy exceeds the target video frame accuracy can be slightly reduced, but at the same time, it cannot be too low, so as to ensure the video frame accuracy requirement of the terminal.

[0015] In one possible design, the method further includes: determining the scheduling priority of the terminal based on the terminal's instantaneous rate and the service type of the terminal's first service, including: if the accuracy of the second video frame of the first service is greater than a third threshold, determining the scheduling priority of the terminal based on the terminal's instantaneous rate and the service type of the terminal's first service; if the accuracy of the second video frame of the first service is less than or equal to the third threshold, terminating the transmission of the first service.

[0016] Based on this possible design, terminals with higher video frame accuracy can be scheduled while terminals with lower video frame accuracy are not scheduled, thus avoiding resource waste and improving system performance.

[0017] In one possible design, the method further includes: calculating the video frame accuracy rate of the first service based on the number of correctly transmitted video frames and the total number of video frames in the first service; or, determining the video frame accuracy rate of the first service based on the packet error rate of the first service.

[0018] Based on this possible design, the access network equipment can calculate the video frame accuracy of the terminal's first service itself, thereby improving the efficiency of obtaining the video frame accuracy of the terminal's first service.

[0019] In one possible design, each data packet of the first service carries first information, which indicates the video frame to which the data packet belongs; the method further includes: the access network device determining the video frame to which the data packet belongs based on the first information carried by the data packet; if all data packets belonging to the same video frame are transmitted correctly, the video frame is determined to be transmitted correctly; if there are data packets with incorrect transmissions among the data packets belonging to the same video frame, the video frame is determined to be transmitted incorrectly.

[0020] Based on this possible design, by carrying information in the data packet of the first service to indicate whether the video frame to which the data packet belongs has been correctly transmitted, signaling overhead can be saved and system design can be simplified.

[0021] In one possible design, the method further includes: the access network device sending second information to the terminal; wherein the second information is used to indicate the accuracy of the video frames reported for the first service.

[0022] Based on this possible design, the access network device can instruct the terminal to report the video frame accuracy of the first service, thereby improving the accuracy of the access network device in obtaining the video frame accuracy of the first service.

[0023] In one possible design, the method further includes: the access network device receiving third information from the terminal, the third information being used to indicate the video frame accuracy of the first service.

[0024] Based on this possible design, the terminal can report the video frame accuracy of the first service to the access network device, thereby reducing the power consumption of the access network device in obtaining the video frame accuracy of the first service.

[0025] In one possible design, the second information is carried in radio resource control (RRC) signaling or downlink control information (DCI); the third information is carried in media access control element (MAC CE) signaling or RRC signaling.

[0026] Based on this possible design, access network devices and terminals can effectively and flexibly report the video frame accuracy of the first service through RRC or MAC CE, while simplifying the signaling design of the system.

[0027] In one possible design, the third information corresponds to the video frame accuracy range of the first service, in order to reduce signaling overhead.

[0028] In one possible design, transmitting the first service with the terminal includes: sending a data packet of the first service to the terminal, or receiving a data packet of the first service from the terminal; wherein the data packet of the first service is a data packet in single-stream transmission mode; or, the data packet of the first service is an EL data packet in multi-layer transmission mode.

[0029] Based on this possible design, applicable scenarios of the embodiments of this application can be deployed effectively and flexibly.

[0030] In one possible design, when the data packets of the first service are EL data packets in multi-layer transmission mode, the method further includes: calculating the scheduling priority of the terminal's BL data packets based on the terminal's instantaneous rate, the terminal's historical transmission rate, and the offset value. Based on this possible design, the PF scheduling algorithm is used to prioritize the scheduling of BL data packets, ensuring the correct transmission of the basic content of the video frame.

[0031] In one possible design, the method further includes: the access network device determining that the data packet of the first service is a data packet of the first service based on the transmission characteristics of the data packet of the first service, wherein the transmission characteristics include transmission period and / or transmission data volume; or, the access network device determining that the data packet of the first service is a data packet of the first service based on the radio bearer used to transmit the data packet of the first service and the correspondence between the radio bearer and the service; or, the access network device determining that the data packet of the first service is a data packet of the first service based on the quality of service identifier carried in the data packet of the first service and the correspondence between the quality of service identifier and the service.

[0032] Based on this possible design, the service transmitted by the terminal can be flexibly and effectively identified as the first service whose target video frame accuracy is greater than a first threshold, by using the inherent transmission characteristics of the data packets of the first service and / or the transmission resources that match the transmission requirements of the first service.

[0033] Secondly, this application provides a communication device, which can be an access network device or a chip or system-on-a-chip within the access network device, and can also be a functional module in the communication device for implementing the methods described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect. This communication device can implement the functions performed by the communication device in the above aspects or possible designs, and these functions can be implemented by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions. For example, the communication device may include: a processing unit and a transceiver unit.

[0034] The processing unit is used to determine the scheduling priority of the terminal based on the instantaneous rate of the terminal and the service type of the terminal's first service, and to control the transceiver unit to transmit the first service with the terminal based on the terminal's scheduling priority.

[0035] The specific implementation of this communication device can refer to the behavior and functions of the access network device in the scheduling and transmission method provided by the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. Therefore, the access network device provided by the second aspect achieves the same beneficial effects as the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect.

[0036] Thirdly, a communication device is provided, which can be an access network device or a chip or system-on-a-chip within the access network device. This communication device can implement the functions performed by the access network device in the above-described aspects or possible designs, and these functions can be implemented in hardware. In one possible design, the communication device may include a processor and a communication interface. The processor can be used to support the communication device in implementing the functions involved in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect, for example, the processor can determine the scheduling priority of the terminal based on the instantaneous rate of the terminal and the service type of the terminal's first service, and control the communication interface to transmit the first service with the terminal according to the terminal's scheduling priority. In yet another possible design, the communication device may further include a memory for storing necessary computer execution instructions and data. When the communication device is running, the processor executes the computer execution instructions stored in the memory to cause the communication device to perform the scheduling transmission method as described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect.

[0037] Fourthly, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which may be a readable non-volatile storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the scheduling and transmission method described in the first aspect or any possible design of the above aspects.

[0038] Fifthly, a computer program product containing instructions is provided, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the scheduling and transmission method described in the first aspect or any possible design of the above aspects.

[0039] In a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided, which can be an access network device or a chip or system-on-a-chip in the access network device. The communication device includes one or more processors and one or more memories. The one or more memories are coupled to the one or more processors and are used to store computer program code, the computer program code including computer instructions, which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the communication device to perform the scheduling transmission method as described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect.

[0040] The technical effects of any of the design methods in aspects three through six can be found in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0041] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication system, which may include: a terminal and a communication device as described in either the second or sixth aspect. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1a This is a schematic diagram of single-stream transmission mode;

[0043] Figure 1b This is a schematic diagram of a multi-stream transmission mode;

[0044] Figure 2 A simplified schematic diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figures 3a-3d A simplified schematic diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 5 A flowchart of a scheduling and transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 6a A schematic diagram illustrating the service transmission of a terminal that terminates video frame accuracy according to an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 6b A schematic diagram illustrating the service transmission of a terminal that terminates video frame accuracy according to an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 7 A flowchart of another scheduling and transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0051] Figure 8A A flowchart of another scheduling and transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 8B This is a schematic diagram illustrating the correspondence between video frame accuracy and scheduling priority.

[0053] Figure 9 A flowchart of another scheduling and transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0054] Figure 10A A flowchart of another scheduling and transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0055] Figure 10B This is a schematic diagram illustrating the correspondence between video frame accuracy and scheduling priority.

[0056] Figure 11 A schematic diagram illustrating the composition of a communication device 110 provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0058] Before introducing the embodiments of this application, some terms involved in the embodiments of this application will be explained:

[0059] XR services are a general term for extended reality-related services, specifically including: Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), and Mixed Reality (MR). VR services primarily refer to rendering visual and audio scenes to simulate the visual and audio stimuli of the real world as closely as possible to the user's senses. AR services mainly refer to providing additional visual or auditory information or artificially generated content within the user's perceived real-world environment. MR services are an advanced form of AR services; one way to achieve this is by inserting virtual elements into physical scenes, aiming to provide users with an immersive experience where these elements are part of the real-world environment.

[0060] XR services can be transmitted in two modes: single-stream and multi-stream. The following section describes these two modes and the scheduling algorithms for each.

[0061] I. Single-stream transmission mode.

[0062] Single-stream transmission mode refers to transmitting the data packets corresponding to video frames in an XR service through a single bitstream. For example, Figure 1a This illustrates the process of sending video frames for an XR service to a terminal using a single-stream transmission mode, such as... Figure 1a As shown, the application server can divide a video frame of an XR service into dozens of data packets (such as Internet Protocol (IP) packets) and send these dozens of data packets to the fixed network / core network. The fixed network / core network then sends these dozens of data packets to the access network device, which in turn sends them to the terminal sequentially through a single bitstream.

[0063] In single-stream transmission mode, scheduling algorithms can include RR (Round-Robin) and PF (Power-Forward) algorithms. The RR algorithm, when allocating air interface resources, arranges multiple terminals to be scheduled into a queue, and polls for scheduling starting from the terminal at the head of the queue, moving the scheduled terminal to the end. The RR algorithm guarantees that multiple terminals have an equal chance of being scheduled, and can be considered a fair scheduling algorithm.

[0064] The PF algorithm determines the scheduling priority of a terminal based on its instantaneous rate and weighted average throughput, selects the terminal to be scheduled based on the determined scheduling priority, and considers both the maximum throughput of the system and the fairness of the terminals. In this application, the scheduling priority calculated using the PF algorithm is referred to as PF. The scheduling priority PF of a terminal satisfies the following formula (1):

[0065]

[0066] Wherein, R in formula (1) instant It is the instantaneous rate of the terminal, R instant R can be calculated based on the terminal's current channel state parameters (such as channel state information (CSI) and rank indication (RI)). history R represents the terminal's historical transmission rate. history This represents the average rate at which the terminal receives data packets over a period of time prior to the current moment.

[0067] As can be seen from formula (1), if there are multiple terminals waiting to be scheduled in the same cell, when the access network device continuously schedules a terminal with better channel quality, the historical transmission rate of that terminal will gradually increase, causing the scheduling priority of that terminal to gradually decrease. As a result, the access network device will schedule other terminals with higher priority. If a terminal has poor channel quality and is not scheduled by the access network device for a long time, the historical transmission rate of that terminal will decrease, and the scheduling priority of the terminal calculated by formula (1) will increase, giving that terminal the opportunity to be scheduled.

[0068] II. Multi-stream transmission mode.

[0069] Multi-stream transmission mode refers to the partitioning of transmission resources in the time, space, and frequency domains, resulting in a base layer (BL) and an enhancement layer (EL). The BL layer transmits data packets corresponding to video frames in XR services. These data packets (BL packets) ensure the decoder can decode the basic video content correctly, guaranteeing a basic user experience. The data size of the data packets transmitted on the BL layer is relatively small. The EL layer transmits detailed information corresponding to these data packets. This detailed information can be used to enhance the image quality corresponding to the data packet. The detailed information corresponding to the data packets transmitted on the EL layer (EL packets) is relatively large.

[0070] For example, Figure 1b This illustrates the process of sending video frames for XR services to a terminal via a multi-stream transmission mode, such as... Figure 1bAs shown, the application server can encode the data packets corresponding to the video frames of the XR service to obtain BL data packets and EL data packets. The BL data packets and EL data packets are then sent to the UPF, which forwards them to the access network device, and the access network device sends them to the terminal.

[0071] In multi-stream transmission mode, the scheduling priority of the terminal can be calculated using the PF algorithm shown in formula (1) for both BL and EL data packets. Since BL data packets carry basic video content while EL data packets carry detailed information corresponding to that content, their quality of service (QoS) requirements differ. For example, the QoS requirement for BL data packets is greater than that for EL data packets. To ensure the QoS requirements of the data packets for the same terminal, the scheduling priority of BL data packets can be configured to be higher than that of EL data packets. For example, the scheduling priorities BL_PF and EL_PF of BL data packets satisfy the following formulas:

[0072]

[0073]

[0074] Among them, R instant R history The relevant descriptions are as described above and will not be repeated here. Δ is a preset offset value greater than zero, which ensures that the scheduling priority of BL packets is higher than that of EL packets.

[0075] As can be seen from the above, the scheduling algorithms under the single-stream transmission mode and the multi-stream transmission mode can guarantee the scheduling fairness among multiple scheduled terminals in a cell.

[0076] However, the video frame accuracy requirements for XR services cannot be ignored. Users may have high requirements for video frame accuracy in XR services. For example, user-level evaluation metrics for XR services specify that, under certain latency constraints, in single-stream transmission mode, users require a video frame accuracy greater than 99%; in multi-stream transmission mode, users require a BL frame accuracy greater than 99.99% and an EL frame accuracy greater than 50%. However, the aforementioned RR and PF algorithms only consider scheduling fairness among multiple scheduled terminals within a single cell. For example, terminals with poor channel quality may still have scheduling opportunities. Even if these terminals with poor channel quality are scheduled, they may not meet the video frame accuracy requirements of XR services, resulting in a low user satisfaction rate in the cell. Furthermore, scheduling terminals with poor channel quality wastes scheduling resources and degrades system performance.

[0077] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this application proposes the following: For terminals transmitting XR services, the scheduling priority of the terminals is determined based on their instantaneous rate. Terminals with higher instantaneous rates are prioritized for XR service transmission, thereby maximizing the number of correctly transmitted video frames for the XR service and meeting the video frame accuracy requirements of the XR service.

[0078] It should be noted that, with the evolution of communication systems and the emergence of new service scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems. For example, for services other than XR services that have high requirements for video frame accuracy, the scheduling priority of the terminal can also be determined based on the instantaneous rate of the terminal.

[0079] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, uses an example of how to meet the video frame accuracy requirements of a type of service (such as the first service) with high video frame accuracy requirements to illustrate the scheduling and transmission method provided in this application. It should be noted that the communication system and service scenarios described in the embodiments of this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0080] The scheduling and transmission method provided in this application embodiment can be applied to... Figure 2 The communication system shown, such as Figure 2 As shown, the communication system may include one or more terminals and access network devices. Further, it may also include application servers (AS), core network devices / fixed networks, etc. The application server or other terminals can transmit data with the terminals through the access network devices / fixed networks. One or more terminals are located in a cell covered by the access network devices, and one or more terminals may be terminals to be scheduled by the access network devices. It should be noted that the scheduling described in this application embodiment may include uplink scheduling or downlink scheduling. Uplink scheduling may refer to the access network devices scheduling the terminals to send uplink data to the application servers / others, and downlink scheduling may refer to the access network devices scheduling downlink data sent by the application servers / other terminals to the terminals.

[0081] The following is about Figure 2 The following describes the various network elements in the communication system shown:

[0082] Access network equipment is primarily used to implement functions such as terminal resource scheduling, radio resource management, and radio access control. For example, access network equipment can determine the scheduling priority of a terminal based on its instantaneous rate and the type of its primary service, and then transmit the primary service with the terminal according to the scheduling priority. Specifically, access network equipment can be any node among small base stations, radio access points, transmission receive points (TRPs), transmission points (TPs), and other access nodes. Access network equipment can be any device with radio transceiver capabilities. Access network equipment can include, but is not limited to: evolved access network equipment (evolved Node B, NodeB, eNB, or e-NodeB) in Long Term Evolution (LTE), access network equipment (gNodeB or gNB) or transceiver points in New Radio (NR), access network equipment evolved after the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), wireless-fidelity (WiFi) access points, wireless relay nodes, and wireless backhaul nodes in WiFi systems.

[0083] A terminal is a device with wireless transceiver capabilities that can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld, wearable, or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on water (such as on ships); and it can be deployed in the air (e.g., on airplanes, balloons, and satellites). The terminal can be a mobile phone, tablet, computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, VR device, AR device, XR glasses, television, smart screen / electronic tablet, wireless terminal in industrial control, vehicle-mounted terminal equipment, wireless terminal in self-driving, wireless terminal in remote medical care, wireless terminal in smart grid, wireless terminal in transportation safety, wireless terminal in smart city, wireless terminal in smart home, wearable terminal devices, etc. The embodiments in this application do not limit the application scenarios. A terminal may also be referred to as terminal equipment, user equipment (UE), access terminal equipment, vehicle-mounted terminal, industrial control terminal, UE unit, UE station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal equipment, mobile device, UE equipment, terminal equipment, wireless communication equipment, UE agent, or UE device, etc. A terminal can be fixed or mobile.

[0084] Application servers are primarily used to provide business services to terminals, such as XR services. The term "application server" can also be replaced with "application function" (AF) or other names without restriction.

[0085] Core network equipment: This equipment is used to perform functions such as registration, connection, and session management. Core network equipment may include user plane functions (UPF), session management network elements (such as session management function (SMF)), mobility management network elements (such as access and mobility management function (AMF), etc.

[0086] Fixed-line networks can be used to establish connections and enable data transmission. Fixed-line networks can be WiFi networks or Ethernet networks, among others.

[0087] It should be noted that, Figure 2 This is just an example architecture diagram, except... Figure 2In addition to the functional units shown, the system may also include other functional network elements, such as operation and management (O&M) network elements, etc., which are not limited in this application embodiment. Furthermore, Figure 2 The names of the various devices in the program are not restricted, except... Figure 2 In addition to the names shown, each device can also be named with other names, such as replacing them with network element names that have the same or similar functions, without restriction.

[0088] in, Figure 2 The communication system shown can be a 3GPP communication system, such as a 4th generation (4G) communication system, an LTE system, a 5th generation (5G) communication system, an NR system, a new radio-vehicle-to-everything (NR-V2X) system, an Internet of Things (IoT) system, or other next-generation communication systems. It can also be a non-3GPP communication system, such as a WiFi system, or a hybrid network system of WiFi and the above-mentioned network systems, etc., without restriction.

[0089] by Figure 2 The communication system shown is an example of a 5G communication system. Figure 3a As shown, Figure 2 The network element or entity corresponding to the application server can be a server in a 5G communication system. Figure 2 The core network equipment in the system can correspond to the network exposure function (NEF), policy control function (PCF), UPF, SMF, etc. in the 5G communication system. Figure 2 The network element or entity corresponding to the access network equipment in the 5G communication system can be the gNB, and the network element or entity corresponding to the terminal can be the UE in the 5G communication system. In the 5G communication system, network elements can be connected to each other through the next generation (NG) interface (or simply N interface). The server can send downlink data to the gNB through the N6 transmission tunnel between itself and the UPF, and the N3 transmission tunnel between the UPF and the gNB. The gNB sends downlink data to the UE through the NR air interface.

[0090] In one possible design, the gNB can directly send downlink data to the UE via the NR air interface. In another possible design, the gNB can send downlink data to the UE via a relay link. For example, Figure 3b Another schematic diagram of a 5G communication system is shown, such as Figure 3b As shown, this 5G communication system and Figure 3a The difference between the communication systems shown is that there is one or more relay nodes between the gNB and the UE. Figure 3b (Taking a relay node as an example), data can be transmitted between the two through one or more relay nodes. A relay node can be a small station similar to an NR base station (gNodeB), such as an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) base station, or an end user, such as a terminal device like an XR headset.

[0091] by Figure 2 The communication system shown is an example of a WiFi system. Figure 3c This is a diagram of a WiFi system, such as... Figure 3c As shown, the WiFi system may include: UE1, UE2, and a WiFi access point. Figure 2 The network element or entity corresponding to the access network device in the above can be a WiFi access point in a WiFi system. Figure 2 The network element or entity corresponding to the terminal in the diagram can be a UE in a WiFi system. For example... Figure 3c As shown, UE1 and UE2 can transmit data to each other through this WiFi access point. The WiFi access point can be a WiFi router or a set-top box. Taking UE1 as a mobile phone and UE2 as a TV or smart screen / tablet as an example, the mobile phone can project images onto the TV or smart screen / tablet through the WiFi router or set-top box.

[0092] by Figure 2 The communication system shown is an example of a hybrid networking system. Figure 3d This is a schematic diagram of a hybrid networking system, such as... Figure 3d As shown, the system may include: a server, an operational network, a WiFi access point, and one or more UEs. Figure 2 The network element or entity corresponding to the application server in the system can be the Server. Figure 2 The network element or entity corresponding to the access network device in the diagram can be the WiFi access point in that diagram. Figure 2 The network element or entity corresponding to the terminal in the system can be the UE in the system. The server can send XR service data to the WiFi access point through the operator's network, and the WiFi access point can transmit it to UE1 (such as an XR device) and project it to UE2 (such as a TV, smart screen, electronic tablet, etc.).

[0093] In practical implementation, Figure 2 The network elements shown, such as terminals and access network equipment, can be adopted. Figure 4 The shown composition or includes Figure 4 The components shown. Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the composition of a communication device 400 provided in an embodiment of this application. When the communication device 400 has the function of the access network device described in the embodiment of this application, the communication device 400 can be an access network device or a chip or system-on-a-chip in the access network device.

[0094] like Figure 4 As shown, the communication device 400 may include a processor 401, a communication line 402, and a communication interface 403. Furthermore, the communication device 400 may also include a memory 404. The processor 401, memory 404, and communication interface 403 can be connected via the communication line 402.

[0095] The processor 401 can be a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a programmable logic device (PLD), or any combination thereof. The processor 401 can also be other devices with processing capabilities, such as circuits, devices, or software modules.

[0096] Communication line 402 is used to transmit information between the components included in communication device 400.

[0097] Communication interface 403 is used for communication with other devices or other communication networks. These other communication networks can be Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area network (WLAN), etc. Communication interface 403 can be a radio frequency module, transceiver, or any device capable of communication. This embodiment uses a radio frequency module as an example to illustrate communication interface 403. The radio frequency module can include an antenna, radio frequency circuitry, etc., and the radio frequency circuitry can include a radio frequency integrated chip, a power amplifier, etc.

[0098] Memory 404 is used to store instructions. These instructions can be computer programs.

[0099] The memory 404 can be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and / or instructions; it can also be a random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and / or instructions; it can also be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage, magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices. Optical disc storage includes compressed optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital universal optical discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.

[0100] It should be noted that the memory 404 can exist independently of the processor 401, or it can be integrated with the processor 401. The memory 404 can be used to store instructions, program code, or some data, etc. The memory 404 can be located inside or outside the communication device 400, without limitation. The processor 401 is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory 404 to implement the scheduling and transmission method provided in the following embodiments of this application.

[0101] In one example, processor 401 may include one or more CPUs, for example Figure 4 CPU0 and CPU1 in the CPU.

[0102] As an optional implementation, the communication device 400 includes multiple processors, for example, besides Figure 4 In addition to processor 401, it may also include processor 407.

[0103] As an optional implementation, the communication device 400 also includes an output device 405 and an input device 406. The input device 406 is a keyboard, mouse, microphone, or joystick, and the output device 405 is a display screen, speaker, etc.

[0104] It should be noted that the communication device 400 can be a desktop computer, laptop computer, network server, mobile phone, tablet computer, wireless terminal, embedded device, chip system, or other device. Figure 4 Equipment with a similar structure. Furthermore... Figure 4 The structural composition shown does not constitute a limitation on the communication device, except... Figure 4 In addition to the components shown, the communication device may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0105] In this embodiment of the application, the chip system may be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0106] The following is combined with Figure 2 The communication system shown illustrates the scheduling and transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application. The devices in the following embodiments may have... Figure 4 The components shown, and the actions, terms, etc. involved in the various embodiments can be referenced to each other. The message names or parameter names in the messages between devices in the various embodiments are just examples. Other names can also be used in the specific implementation, without limitation.

[0107] Figure 5 A scheduling transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 5 As shown, the method may include:

[0108] Step 501: The access network device determines the scheduling priority of the terminal based on the terminal's instantaneous rate and the service type of the terminal's first service.

[0109] Among them, access network equipment can Figure 2 In the access network equipment, the terminal can be Figure 2 Any terminal connected to the access network device in the communication system shown can be located in a multicast group.

[0110] The instantaneous rate of the terminal, as described in formula (1) above, is calculated based on the terminal's current channel state parameters (such as CSI and RI) in unicast transmission mode, i.e., one-to-one transmission between the access network device and the terminal. The terminal's current channel state is positively correlated with its instantaneous rate; for example, the better the terminal's channel state, the higher its instantaneous rate, and vice versa. In multicast transmission mode, i.e., when the terminal is located in a multicast group and the access network device transmits services to that multicast group, the instantaneous rate of the terminal can refer to the instantaneous rate of the terminal with the worst channel state in that multicast group. When using... Figure 3b In the scenario of relay transmission of services as shown, the instantaneous rate of the terminal mentioned above can refer to the instantaneous rate on the link with the worst channel condition among the multi-hop links from the access network device to the terminal.

[0111] In terms of transmission direction, the terminal's primary service can be a downlink service sent from the application server / other terminal to the terminal via core network equipment (such as UPF) or access network equipment; or, the terminal's primary service can be an uplink service sent from the terminal to the application server / other terminal via access network equipment or core network equipment. In terms of service type, the primary service can be a service where the target video frame accuracy is greater than a first threshold, such as an XR service or other services with high video frame accuracy requirements.

[0112] The target video frame accuracy rate of the first service can be used to characterize the video frame accuracy requirements of most users for the first service. For example, taking the XR service of the first service as an example, in single-stream transmission mode, the target video frame accuracy rate of the first service is 99%; in multi-stream transmission mode, the video frame accuracy rate corresponding to the BL data packet of the first service is 99.99%, and the target video frame accuracy rate corresponding to the EL data packet of the first service is 50%. The target video frame accuracy rate of the first service can be preset or specified by the protocol. For example, the target video frame accuracy rate required by users can be preset in the user-level evaluation index corresponding to the first service.

[0113] The first threshold can be set as needed and is not restricted. If the target video frame accuracy of the first service is greater than the first threshold, it indicates that the user has a high requirement for the video frame accuracy of the first service. If the target video frame accuracy of the first service is less than or equal to the first threshold, it indicates that the user has a low requirement for the video frame accuracy of the first service.

[0114] The scheduling priority of a terminal can be used to characterize the order / time in which a terminal is scheduled among multiple terminals occupying the same transmission resources and awaiting scheduling by the network access equipment. There is a positive correlation between the scheduling priority of a terminal and the order / time in which it is scheduled; the higher the scheduling priority, the earlier the terminal is scheduled, and the lower the scheduling priority, the later the terminal is scheduled. For example, if there are two terminals, Terminal 1 and Terminal 2, awaiting scheduling by Base Station 1, and Terminal 1 has a higher scheduling priority than Terminal 2, then Terminal 1 will be scheduled at time 1, while Terminal 2 will be scheduled at time 2, with time 1 being earlier than time 2.

[0115] For example, the access network device may determine the scheduling priority of the terminal based on the instantaneous rate of the terminal and the service type of the terminal's first service by determining the service type of the terminal's first service. If the access network device determines that the terminal's first service is a service with a target video frame accuracy greater than a first threshold, then the access network device determines the scheduling priority of the terminal based on the instantaneous rate of the terminal.

[0116] In this embodiment, there is a positive correlation between the terminal's instantaneous rate and its scheduling priority. The higher the terminal's instantaneous rate, the higher its scheduling priority; conversely, the lower the terminal's instantaneous rate, the lower its scheduling priority. This ensures that terminals with good channel conditions and high instantaneous rates are prioritized for scheduling, guaranteeing that most video frames of the terminal's first service are transmitted correctly and improving the accuracy of the first service's video frames.

[0117] In one possible implementation, the instantaneous rate of the terminal and the scheduling priority of the terminal can satisfy the following formula (2):

[0118] Terminal scheduling priority = M1 (instantaneous rate) Formula (2)

[0119] In this application, the implementation of function M1 is not limited to any particular form. M1 can be a monotonically increasing linear function or an exponential function, such as M1(x) = 2x, where x is the input parameter of function M1, such as the instantaneous rate of the terminal. The algorithm shown in formula (2) can be called the maximum carrier-to-interference ratio (MAX C / I) scheduling algorithm.

[0120] In addition to determining the scheduling priority of a terminal based on its instantaneous rate, the MAX C / I scheduling algorithm can also combine other parameters to determine the scheduling priority of a terminal. For example, the scheduling priority of a terminal can be determined based on its instantaneous rate and a first parameter, which can be used to indicate the accuracy of the first video frame of the first service.

[0121] In one possible design, the first parameter may include the first video frame accuracy of the first service; in another possible design, the first parameter may include the video frame error rate of the first service of the terminal.

[0122] The first video frame accuracy rate of the first service can be defined as the ratio of the number of correctly transmitted video frames of the first service within a certain period (e.g., a period before the current moment) to the total number of transmitted video frames of the first service within that period. The first video frame error rate of the first service can be defined as the ratio of the number of incorrectly transmitted video frames of the first service within that period to the total number of transmitted video frames of the first service within that period. The first video frame accuracy rate and the first video frame error rate of the first service satisfy the following relationship: First video frame accuracy rate of the first service = 1 - First video frame error rate of the first service. That is, the first video frame error rate of the first service can be calculated from the first video frame accuracy rate, or vice versa.

[0123] In this embodiment, the following correspondence exists between the accuracy of the first video frame of the first service and the scheduling priority of the terminal: When the accuracy of the first video frame of the first service is less than the target video frame accuracy of the first service, there is a positive correlation between the accuracy of the first video frame of the first service and the scheduling priority of the terminal; that is, the closer the video frame accuracy is to the target video frame accuracy, the higher the scheduling priority of the terminal. When the accuracy of the first video frame of the first service is greater than the target video frame accuracy of the first service, there is a negative correlation between the accuracy of the first video frame of the first service and the scheduling priority of the terminal, or the scheduling priority of the terminal remains unchanged.

[0124] In this way, terminals with video frame accuracy closer to the target video frame accuracy can be given higher scheduling priority, while terminals with video frame accuracy exceeding the target video frame accuracy can be given slightly lower scheduling priority, thus enabling more terminals to meet the target video frame accuracy requirement.

[0125] Specifically, the scheduling priority of a terminal can be determined based on its instantaneous rate and the first parameter as follows: Figure 8A The steps described in step 805 or referred to Figure 10A As described in step 1006.

[0126] Step 502: The access network device transmits the first service with the terminal according to the terminal's scheduling priority.

[0127] For example, if the first service is a downlink service sent from an application server / other terminal to the terminal, the transmission of the first service between the access network device and the terminal according to the terminal's scheduling priority may include: the access network device sending downlink scheduling information and data packets of the first service to the terminal according to the terminal's scheduling priority, wherein the downlink scheduling information is used to schedule the data packets of the first service sent to the terminal.

[0128] If the first service is an uplink service sent from the terminal to an application server or other terminals, the transmission of the first service between the access network device and the terminal according to the terminal's scheduling priority may include: the access network device sending uplink scheduling information to the terminal according to the terminal's scheduling priority; the access network device receiving data packets of the first service from the terminal according to the uplink scheduling information; and sending data packets of the first service to the application server / other terminals; wherein, the uplink scheduling information is used to schedule the data packets of the first service sent by the terminal.

[0129] It should be noted that, Figure 5 The method shown can be applied to both single-stream and multi-stream transmission modes. In multi-stream transmission mode, Figure 5In the method shown, the data packet of the first service can refer to the EL data packet of the first service, the video frame accuracy rate of the first service can refer to the EL frame accuracy rate of the first service, and the video frame error rate of the first service can refer to the EL frame error rate of the first service. Furthermore, in multi-stream transmission mode, the scheduling priority of the BL data packets of the terminal can also be determined. Specifically, the process by which the access network device determines the scheduling priority of the BL data packets can be referred to... Figure 9 Step 903 or Figure 10A As described in step 1003.

[0130] based on Figure 5 The method shown can determine the scheduling priority of a terminal by referring to its instantaneous rate when transmitting a first service with a target video frame accuracy greater than a first threshold. Terminals with higher instantaneous rates are scheduled to transmit the first service first, maximizing the number of correctly transmitted video frames for the first service and achieving the target video frame accuracy of the first service as much as possible, thus meeting the transmission requirements of the first service.

[0131] exist Figure 5 In one implementation scenario of the method shown, before executing step 501, the access network device can further determine whether the video frame accuracy rate during the terminal's transmission of the first service is high. If it is high, the terminal is scheduled; otherwise, the transmission of the first service by the terminal is terminated, i.e., terminals with low video frame accuracy rates are not scheduled, thereby improving resource utilization. Specifically, the method may include:

[0132] Before executing step 501, the access network device determines whether the accuracy of the second video frame of the terminal's first service is greater than the third threshold. If the accuracy of the second video frame of the terminal's first service is greater than the third threshold, it means that the accuracy of the terminal's video frame is high. Then, step 501 is executed to determine the scheduling priority of the terminal.

[0133] Conversely, if the accuracy of the second video frame of the terminal's first service is less than or equal to the third threshold, it indicates that the terminal's video frame accuracy is low / poor. Even if the terminal is scheduled, its video frame accuracy cannot meet the requirements, which wastes scheduling resources and causes a decline in system performance. Therefore, the transmission of the first service is terminated.

[0134] The third threshold can be set as needed and is not restricted.

[0135] For example, such as Figure 6a As shown, the access network device can count a period of time after the first service begins (e.g., Figure 6a The video frame accuracy rate within the range shown in ΔT) is used as the second video frame accuracy rate and compared with a third threshold. If it is less than the threshold, the transmission of the first service is terminated; otherwise, the service is executed. Figure 5 The method shown.

[0136] For example, such as Figure 6b As shown, the access network device can periodically count the video frame accuracy of the service corresponding to each terminal among multiple terminals waiting to be scheduled in the cell. If the video frame accuracy of the first service of the terminal waiting to be scheduled is less than a third threshold in the current period, the transmission of the terminal's first service is terminated; conversely, if the video frame accuracy of the terminal's first service is greater than the third threshold, then the transmission is executed. Figure 5 The method shown.

[0137] Furthermore, for a period of time after executing step 502, the access network device can transmit the first service with the terminal according to the determined terminal scheduling priority. Alternatively, the access network device can also determine whether the video frame accuracy rate of the terminal during the transmission of the first service is high, such as whether it is greater than the third threshold. If it is greater than the third threshold, the terminal will continue to be scheduled according to the scheduling priority determined in step 501 or the terminal's scheduling priority will be re-determined, and the first service will be transmitted with the terminal according to the new scheduling priority. Otherwise, the transmission of the first service of the terminal will be terminated, that is, terminals with low video frame accuracy rates will not be scheduled to improve resource utilization.

[0138] In this embodiment, the video frame accuracy rate of the first service can be determined using either method one or method two, such as determining the first video frame accuracy rate or the second video frame accuracy rate of the first service. It should be understood that, as mentioned above, the first video frame accuracy rate of the first service = (1 - the video frame error rate of the first service). Therefore, the video frame error rate of the terminal's first service can also be determined using either method one or method two. For example, in method one or method two, after the access network device obtains the video frame accuracy rate of the terminal's first service, it can further calculate (1 - the video frame accuracy rate of the first service) to obtain the video frame error rate of the terminal's first service.

[0139] Method 1: The access network device determines the video frame accuracy of the first service based on the packet error information of the data packets corresponding to the video frames of the first service. Specifically, Method 1 may include the following methods (1.1) or (1.2):

[0140] Method (1.1): The access network device calculates the video frame accuracy of the first service based on the number of correctly transmitted video frames in the video frames of the first service and the total number of video frames in the first service.

[0141] For example, taking the first service as a downlink service sent by the application server to the terminal, each data packet (such as an IP packet) corresponding to the video frame of the first service sent by the application server carries first information, which indicates the video frame to which the data packet belongs. After receiving the data packet corresponding to the video frame from the application server, the access network device encapsulates the data packet into a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) packet and sends it to the terminal. After receiving the PDCP packet, the terminal parses and processes it to determine whether it has been received correctly, and sends back the acknowledgment (ACK) or non-acknowledgment (NACK) information corresponding to the PDCP packet to the access network device. The ACK information indicates that the terminal has correctly received the data packet corresponding to the video frame of the first service, and the NACK information indicates that the terminal failed to receive the data packet corresponding to the video frame of the first service. The access network device collects ACK / NACK information corresponding to data packets over a period of time to determine which data packets were correctly received by the terminal. At the same time, based on the first information carried by the data packets, it determines the video frame to which the data packets belong. If all data packets belonging to the same video frame are correctly transmitted, the video frame is determined to be correctly transmitted. If there are data packets with errors in transmission among the data packets belonging to the same video frame, the video frame is determined to be incorrectly transmitted. The access network device calculates the video frame accuracy rate of the first service over this period based on the number of correctly transmitted video frames and the total number of video frames for the first service.

[0142] In one possible implementation, the first information may include / carry the frame identifier (such as Frame ID) of the video frame corresponding to the data packet. The frame identifier of the video frame can be used to identify the video frame, and the frame identifier of the video frame can be pre-assigned. In this way, based on the frame identifier of the video frame carried in the data packet, it can be determined which video frame the data packet belongs to.

[0143] In another possible implementation, the first information is unrelated to the frame identifier of the video frame. For example, the data packets of the first service (such as data packets corresponding to all or part of the video frames of the first service) can be divided into multiple groups. Optionally, the data packets corresponding to a video frame can be divided into one group, and each group can be configured with a group identifier (such as groupID). The first information carried by the data packets in each group can be the group ID corresponding to that group. In this way, based on the group ID carried by the data packet, it can be determined which group the data packet belongs to. Furthermore, based on the correspondence between the group and the video frame, it can be determined which video frame the data packet belongs to.

[0144] Method (1.2): The access network device uses the packet error rate of the video frames of the first service as the accuracy rate of the video frames of the first service.

[0145] For example, taking the first service as a downlink service sent from the application server to the terminal, after the access network device receives the data packet corresponding to the video frame from the application server, it encapsulates the data packet into a PDCP packet and sends it to the terminal. After receiving the PDCP packet, the terminal parses it to determine whether it has been received correctly, and sends back the corresponding ACK / NACK information to the access network device. The ACK information indicates that the terminal has correctly received the data packet corresponding to the video frame of the first service, and the NACK information indicates that the terminal failed to receive the data packet corresponding to the video frame of the first service. The access network device counts the number of data packets sent and the corresponding ACK / NACK information of the data packets within a certain period of time to determine the number of data packets correctly received by the terminal. Based on the number of data packets correctly received by the terminal and the total number of data packets sent for the video frame of the first service, the packet error rate is calculated, and the packet error rate is used as the video frame accuracy rate of the first service during this period.

[0146] Method 2: The access network device receives second information from the terminal. This second information indicates the video frame accuracy rate of the first service; that is, the terminal reports the video frame accuracy rate of the first service to the access network device. The access network device determines the video frame accuracy rate of the first service based on the second information.

[0147] Before the access network device receives the second information from the terminal, it can send third information to the terminal. This third information indicates whether the video frame accuracy of the first service is reported periodically or non-periodically, enabling the terminal to report the video frame accuracy of the first service under the instruction of the access network device. Furthermore, if the third information is used to indicate the video frame accuracy of the first service being reported periodically, it can also be used to indicate the reporting period.

[0148] Specifically, the design formats for the second and third information are shown in method (2.1), method (2.2), or method (2.3):

[0149] Method (2.1): The second information is carried in the MAC CE signaling, and the third information is carried in the RRC signaling.

[0150] For example, taking the second information as an indication of the periodic reporting of the video frame accuracy of the first service, the access network device can add a new field to the RRC signaling, such as the report frameright ratio-timer field. The value of this field is used to indicate the video frame accuracy of the first service and the reporting period. If there is a corresponding relationship between the value of this field and the reporting period, the access network device sends the RRC signaling to the terminal.

[0151] Accordingly, the terminal receives RRC signaling. Based on the value of the "report frame right ratio-timer" field in the RRC signaling and the correspondence between this field value and the reporting period, it determines that the video frame accuracy rate of the first service can be periodically reported to the access network device. Then, after the terminal's application layer receives the data packet corresponding to the video frame of the first service, it calculates the video frame accuracy rate of the first service when the reporting period arrives and notifies the terminal's MAC layer of this rate. The terminal's MAC layer then reports the second information to the access network device by including the second information in the MAC CE signaling based on the video frame accuracy rate of the first service. Furthermore, this process is repeated when the next reporting period arrives, and the terminal again reports the MAC CE carrying the second information to the access network device.

[0152] For example, the correspondence between the values ​​of the `report frame right ratio-timer` field in RRC signaling and the reporting period is shown in Table 1 below. The value of the `report frame right ratio-timer` field consists of two binary bits. For example, binary bit "00" corresponds to 5 milliseconds (ms), binary bit "01" corresponds to 10 ms, binary bit "10" corresponds to 20 ms, and binary bit "11" corresponds to 50 ms. If the value of the `report frame right ratio-timer` field in the RRC signaling reported by the access network device is 00, then after receiving the RRC signaling, the terminal can determine, by referring to Table 1 below, the correctness of the video frame of the first service reported to the access network device using a reporting period of 5 ms.

[0153] Table 1

[0154]

[0155] In this embodiment of the application, the second information used to indicate the video frame accuracy of the first service may include: there is a correspondence between the second information and the video frame accuracy interval in which the video frame accuracy of the first service is located; the video frame accuracy interval in which the video frame accuracy of the first service is located can be determined based on the second information; and the video frame accuracy of the first service can be estimated from the video frame accuracy interval. In other words, the second information corresponding to the video frame accuracy falling into the same video frame accuracy interval is the same, that is, the second information can indicate a video frame accuracy interval to reduce signaling overhead.

[0156] For example, as shown in Table 2 below, there is a correspondence between the second information, the video frame accuracy range, and the video frame accuracy of the first service. After the terminal's MAC layer learns the video frame accuracy of the first service from the terminal's application layer, it determines the video frame accuracy range corresponding to the video frame accuracy of the first service by referring to Table 2 below, and then reports the second information corresponding to the range to the access network device in the MAC CE.

[0157] Table 2

[0158] 0％～50％ 000 40％ 50％～70％ 001 60％ 70％～80％ 010 75％ 80％～85％ 011 82％ 85％～90％ 100 87％ 90％～95％ 101 93％ 95％～99％ 110 97％ 99％～100％ 111 99.5％

[0159] Method (2.2): The second information is carried in the MAC CE signaling, and the third information is carried in the DCI.

[0160] For example, access network devices can add new fields to the DCI, such as the "ReportFrameRightRatioIndicator" field, which indicates the correctness of the reported video frame. The value of this field is used to indicate the correctness of the video frame reported for the first service and the timed reporting time. If there is a corresponding relationship between the value of this field and the timed reporting time, the access network device sends the DCI with the added new field to the terminal.

[0161] Accordingly, the terminal receives the DCI and, based on the value of the ReportFrameRightRatioIndicator field in the DCI and the correspondence between the value of this field and the timed reporting time, determines the video frame accuracy rate of the first service to be reported to the access network device after a certain period of time. Then, after the terminal's application layer receives the data packet corresponding to the video frame of the first service, it calculates the video frame accuracy rate of the first service. When the timed reporting time arrives, it notifies the terminal's MAC layer of the video frame accuracy rate of the first service. The terminal's MAC layer then reports the second information to the access network device by carrying it in the MAC CE signaling based on the video frame accuracy rate of the first service.

[0162] For example, the correspondence between the value of the ReportFrameRightRatioIndicator field in the DCI and the scheduled reporting time is shown in Table 3 below. The value of the ReportFrameRightRatioIndicator field consists of 2 binary bits. For example, binary bit "00" corresponds to None, binary bit "01" corresponds to 5 scheduling time slots, binary bit "10" corresponds to 10 scheduling time slots, and binary bit "11" corresponds to 15 scheduling time slots. If the value of the ReportFrameRightRatioIndicator field in the DCI reported by the access network device is 11, then after the terminal receives the RRC signaling, it can determine from Table 3 that it will take 15 scheduling time slots to report the video frame accuracy of the first service to the access network device. It should be noted that the length of the scheduling time slot can be set as needed and is not limited.

[0163] Table 3

[0164]

[0165] Method (2.3): The second information is carried in the RRC signaling, and the third information is carried in the RRC signaling.

[0166] The description of the third information in method (2.3) can be referred to in method (2.1) or method (2.2) above, and will not be repeated here.

[0167] Unlike the above methods (2.1) or (2.2), in method (2.3), after the terminal's application layer receives the data packet corresponding to the video frame of the first service, it calculates the accuracy rate of the video frame of the first service. When the reporting period or the timed reporting time arrives, the terminal's RRC layer reports the second information to the access network device in the RRC signaling based on the accuracy rate of the video frame of the first service.

[0168] In Method 2, after the terminal's application layer receives the data packet corresponding to the video frame of the first service, it can calculate the video frame accuracy of the first service by referring to existing technologies. For example, the terminal's application layer can calculate the video frame accuracy of the first service based on the number of correctly transmitted video frames in the video frame of the first service and the total number of video frames in the first service.

[0169] The following is combined with Figures 7-8A Taking the access network equipment as the base station, XR as the first service, and the application server sending the first service to the terminal as an example, the scheduling and transmission method in single-stream transmission mode is described.

[0170] Figure 7 Another scheduling transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 7 As shown, the method may include:

[0171] Step 701: The application server generates the video image for the first service, divides each video frame into multiple data packets, and sends the data packets corresponding to the video frames (which can be simply referred to as the data packets for the first service) to the base station through the core network equipment. Correspondingly, the base station receives the data packets for the first service from the application server.

[0172] in, Figure 7 In the method shown, the application server can adopt Figure 1a The single-stream transmission mode shown sends the data packet for the first service to the base station; the specific process will not be described in detail here.

[0173] It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the data packet of the first service can be replaced by the data packet describing the video frame of the first service or the data packet corresponding to the video frame of the first service, etc., and is not limited thereto.

[0174] Step 702: The base station identifies the service type of the first service. If the first service is an XR service, then proceed to steps 703 to 704. Otherwise, proceed according to the existing process, such as directly transmitting the data packet of the first service to the terminal.

[0175] For example, the base station may identify the service type of the first service using any of the following three methods:

[0176] Method (3.1): The base station determines that the first service is an XR service based on the transmission characteristics of the data packets of the first service received. The transmission characteristics include the transmission period and / or the amount of data transmitted. That is, the base station determines the service type of the first service based on its inherent characteristics during the transmission of the first service.

[0177] Method (3.2): The base station determines that the first service is an XR service based on the radio bearer of the data packet used to transmit the first service and the correspondence between the radio bearer and the service.

[0178] The radio bearer can include a data radio barrier (DRB), and the correspondence between radio bearers and services can be pre-configured. For example, DRB1 can be configured to correspond to service 1, DRB2 to service 2, and DRB3 to XR service. If the base station determines that the radio bearer used to transmit the data packet of the first service is DRB3, then the base station can determine that the first service is the XR service.

[0179] Method (3.3): The base station determines that the first service is an XR service based on the quality of service identifier carried in the data packet of the first service and the correspondence between the quality of service identifier and the service.

[0180] The Quality of Service (QoS) identifier can be either 5QI or a Quality of Service Flow Identifier (QFI). The mapping between QoS identifiers and services can be pre-configured. For example, taking QFI as the QoS identifier, QFI1 can be configured to correspond to service 1, QFI2 to service 2, and QFI3 to XR service. If the data packet of the first service carries QFI3, the base station can determine that the first service is an XR service based on QFI3.

[0181] Step 703: The base station determines the scheduling priority of the terminal based on the terminal's instantaneous rate.

[0182] The descriptions of the instantaneous rate and scheduling priority of the terminal can be referred to above. The instantaneous rate and scheduling priority of the terminal satisfy the formula (2): the scheduling priority of the terminal = M1 (instantaneous rate).

[0183] Step 704: The base station transmits the first service with the terminal according to the terminal's scheduling priority.

[0184] The execution process of step 704 is the same as that of step 502, and will not be described in detail.

[0185] based on Figure 7 The method shown employs a MAX C / I scheduling algorithm with the terminal's instantaneous rate as the input parameter for the single-stream transmission mode of XR services. It prioritizes scheduling terminals with high instantaneous rates, maximizing the number of correctly transmitted video frames from terminals with high instantaneous rates, thereby meeting the terminal user's requirement for 99% frame accuracy in XR services.

[0186] Figure 8A Another scheduling transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 8A As shown, the method may include:

[0187] Step 801: The application server generates the video image for the first service, divides each video frame into multiple data packets, and sends the data packets corresponding to the video frames (which can be simply referred to as the data packets for the first service) to the base station through the core network equipment. Correspondingly, the base station receives the data packets for the first service from the application server.

[0188] in, Figure 8A In the method shown, the application server can adopt Figure 1a The single-stream transmission mode shown sends the data packet for the first service to the base station; the specific process will not be described in detail here.

[0189] Step 802: The base station identifies the service type of the first service. If the first service is an XR service, then proceed with steps 803 to 806. Otherwise, proceed with the existing process, such as directly transmitting the data packet of the first service to the terminal.

[0190] Specifically, the execution process of step 802 is the same as that of step 702, and will not be described in detail.

[0191] Step 803: The base station obtains the instantaneous rate of the terminal and the accuracy of the second video frame of the first service.

[0192] The description and acquisition method of the instantaneous rate of the terminal can be referred to in step 501, and the acquisition method of the second video frame accuracy of the first service can be referred to in method one or method two above, and will not be repeated here.

[0193] Step 804: Determine whether the accuracy rate of the second video frame of the first service is greater than the third threshold. If the accuracy rate of the second video frame of the first service is greater than the third threshold, proceed to steps 805-806; otherwise, if the accuracy rate of the second video frame of the first service is less than or equal to the third threshold, terminate the transmission of the first service.

[0194] The description of the third threshold is as described above and will not be repeated here.

[0195] Step 805: The base station determines the scheduling priority of the terminal based on the terminal's instantaneous rate and the first parameter.

[0196] The first parameter can be as described in step 501, and may include the video frame accuracy rate of the terminal's first service, or the video frame error rate of the first service. The descriptions and determination methods of the video frame accuracy rate and video frame error rate of the first service are as described above and will not be repeated here.

[0197] For example, the instantaneous rate of the terminal, the first parameter, and the scheduling priority of the terminal can satisfy the following formula (3):

[0198] Terminal scheduling priority = M(terminal instantaneous rate, first parameter) Formula (3)

[0199] It should be understood that the embodiments of this application are not limited to the design form of function M. Function M can be a binary function that satisfies the following conditions: when the first parameter includes the accuracy of the first video frame of the first service of the terminal, formula (3) can be transformed into the scheduling priority of the terminal = M(instantaneous rate of the terminal, accuracy of the first video frame of the first service). Function M satisfies the following correspondence: the higher the instantaneous rate of the terminal, the higher the scheduling priority of the terminal; when the accuracy of the first video frame of the first service is less than the accuracy of the target video frame of the first service, there is a positive correlation between the accuracy of the first video frame of the first service and the scheduling priority of the terminal; when the accuracy of the first video frame of the first service is greater than the accuracy of the target video frame of the first service, there is a negative correlation between the accuracy of the first video frame of the first service and the scheduling priority of the terminal; or, the scheduling priority of the terminal remains unchanged.

[0200] When the first parameter includes the video frame error rate of the terminal's first service, formula (3) can be transformed into terminal scheduling priority = M(terminal instantaneous rate, video frame error rate of the first service). The function M satisfies the following correspondence: the higher the terminal's instantaneous rate, the higher the terminal's scheduling priority; when the video frame error rate of the first service is greater than the target video frame error rate of the first service, there is a negative correlation between the video frame error rate of the first service and the terminal's scheduling priority, such as the smaller the video frame error rate of the first service, the higher the terminal's scheduling priority; when the video frame error rate of the first service is less than the target video frame error rate of the first service, there is a positive correlation between the video frame error rate of the first service and the terminal's scheduling priority, such as the smaller the video frame error rate of the first service, the smaller the terminal's scheduling priority, or the terminal's scheduling priority remains unchanged.

[0201] Specifically, the function M in formula (3) can be implemented as shown in formula (4):

[0202] M (instantaneous rate of the terminal, first parameter) = M1 (instantaneous rate of the terminal) * M2 (first parameter) Formula (4)

[0203] In formula (4), the symbol "*" indicates multiplication. The higher the values ​​of functions M1 and M2, the higher the scheduling priority of the terminal; conversely, the lower the values ​​of functions M1 and M2, the lower the scheduling priority of the terminal.

[0204] As described in formula (2) above, function M1 can be a monotonically increasing linear function or an exponential function, for example, M1 = 2x - 0.99, where x is the input variable of function M1, such as the instantaneous rate of the terminal. The higher the instantaneous rate of the terminal, the larger the value of M1 (instantaneous rate of the terminal).

[0205] The function M2 can be a function that satisfies the following conditions: when the first parameter includes the accuracy rate of the first video frame of the first service of the terminal, when the accuracy rate of the first video frame of the first service is less than the target accuracy rate of the first video frame of the first service, there is a positive correlation between the accuracy rate of the first video frame of the first service and the value of the function M2; when the accuracy rate of the first video frame of the first service is greater than the target accuracy rate of the first video frame of the first service, there is a negative correlation between the accuracy rate of the first video frame of the first service and the value of the function M2; or, the value of the function M2 remains unchanged.

[0206] When the first parameter includes the video frame error rate of the terminal's first service, when the video frame error rate of the first service is greater than the target video frame error rate of the first service, there is a negative correlation between the video frame error rate of the first service and the value of function M2; when the video frame error rate of the first service is less than the target video frame error rate of the first service, there is a positive correlation between the video frame error rate of the first service and the value of function M2, or the value of function M2 remains unchanged.

[0207] In this application, when the accuracy of the first video frame in the first service is greater than the target accuracy of the first video frame (or, in other words, when the error rate of the first video frame is less than the target error rate of the first service), the scheduling priority of the terminal is lower than the scheduling priority corresponding to the target accuracy of the first video frame (or the target error rate of the first service). For example, the difference between the value corresponding to the scheduling priority corresponding to the target accuracy of the first video frame (or the target error rate of the first service) and the value corresponding to the scheduling priority of the terminal is less than a second threshold. The second threshold can be set as needed and is not limited. Thus, for terminals with a video frame accuracy exceeding the target accuracy (or a video frame accuracy lower than the target error rate), the scheduling priority of the terminal is slightly reduced, but not too low, to ensure the video frame accuracy requirement of the terminal.

[0208] Taking the first service as XR service, and the target video frame accuracy rate of XR service as 99% as an example, in single-stream transmission mode, function M2 can specifically be the following function, where x is the input variable of function M2(x), for example, x can be the video frame accuracy rate of XR service:

[0209]

[0210] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the implementation of function M2. For example, Figure 8B The diagram illustrates the correspondence between the accuracy of the first video frame of the first service and the value of the function M2. Figure 8BThe horizontal axis represents the video frame accuracy of the XR service, and the vertical axis represents the calculation result of inputting the video frame accuracy of the XR service into the function M2(x). Figure 8B 99% represents the target video frame accuracy. For example... Figure 8B As shown by the solid or dashed lines, for terminals with a video frame accuracy of <= 99%, the value of function M2 will increase as the video frame accuracy increases, but will not exceed the scheduling priority corresponding to the target frame accuracy; for terminals with a video frame accuracy > 99%, the value of function M2 may decrease slightly.

[0211] It should be noted that before the base station obtains the frame accuracy of the terminal, the midpoint value of the range of function M2 (i.e., 1 / 2 of the range) can be taken as the calculation result of M2 (the first video frame accuracy of the first service) in formula (4).

[0212] Step 806: The base station transmits the first service with the terminal according to the terminal's scheduling priority.

[0213] The execution process of step 806 is the same as that of step 502, and will not be described in detail.

[0214] based on Figure 8A The method shown takes into account the video frame accuracy when the terminal transmits XR services in the single-stream transmission mode of XR services. It terminates the XR service transmission of terminals with low video frame accuracy to save scheduling resources. At the same time, terminals with video frame accuracy closer to 99% are given higher scheduling priority, while terminals with video frame accuracy exceeding 99% are given slightly lower scheduling priority, so that more terminals can meet the 99% video frame accuracy requirement of XR services.

[0215] The above Figures 7-8A Taking XR transmission in single-stream transmission mode as an example, the scheduling and transmission method provided in this application embodiment is described below. Figures 9-10A This paper introduces the scheduling and transmission methods in multi-stream transmission mode:

[0216] Figure 9 Another scheduling transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 9 As shown, the method may include:

[0217] Step 901: The application server generates the video image for the first service, divides each video frame into multiple data packets, encodes each data packet to generate corresponding EL data packets and BL data packets, and sends the BL data packets and EL data packets to the base station through the core network equipment. Correspondingly, the base station receives the BL data packets and EL data packets for the first service from the application server.

[0218] in, Figure 9 In the method shown, the application server can adopt Figure 1b The multi-stream transmission mode shown sends the BL data packet and EL data packet of the first service to the base station. The specific process will not be described in detail.

[0219] Step 902: The base station identifies the service type of the received BL data packet and EL data packet. If the service to which the BL data packet and EL data packet belong is identified as an XR service, then steps 903 to 905 are executed. Otherwise, the existing process is followed, such as directly transmitting the BL data packet and EL data packet to the terminal according to existing technology.

[0220] Specifically, the process of identifying the business type in step 902 can be referred to in step 702, and will not be repeated here.

[0221] Step 903: For BL data packets, the base station determines the scheduling priority of the terminal's BL data packets using the PF algorithm described above, based on the terminal's instantaneous rate, the terminal's historical transmission rate, and the offset value.

[0222] The instantaneous rate of the terminal, the historical transmission rate of the terminal, the offset value Δ, and the scheduling priority BL_PF of the terminal satisfy the following formula:

[0223]

[0224] R instant R history as well as The relevant description can be found in the PF algorithm shown in formula (1) above, and will not be repeated here.

[0225] Step 904: For EL data packets, the base station obtains the instantaneous rate of the terminal and determines the scheduling priority of the terminal's EL data packets based on the instantaneous rate of the terminal.

[0226] The instantaneous rate of the terminal and the scheduling priority of the terminal's EL data packets satisfy the following formula:

[0227] The scheduling priority of the terminal's EL data packets = M1 (instantaneous rate)

[0228] The relevant description of the function M1 (instantaneous rate) can be found in the above formula (2), and will not be repeated here.

[0229] Step 905: The base station transmits the EL data packets for the first service with the terminal according to the scheduling priority of the EL data packets of the terminal; and transmits the BL data packets for the first service with the terminal according to the scheduling priority of the BL data packets of the terminal.

[0230] The execution process of step 905 can be referred to in step 502, and will not be repeated here.

[0231] based on Figure 9 The method described above, for the multi-stream transmission mode of XR services, first identifies the BL and EL data packets of XR services. Then, when calculating the scheduling priority, on the one hand, the PF algorithm is used to calculate the scheduling priority of BL data packets, so that the BL data packets of most terminals are transmitted correctly as much as possible, ensuring the basic experience of the terminals. On the other hand, the MAX C / I scheduling algorithm with the instantaneous rate of the terminal as the input parameter is used to calculate the scheduling priority of EL data packets, maximizing the number of correct transmissions of the frames to which the EL data packets of terminals with higher instantaneous rates belong, further enabling the terminal to meet the 50% frame accuracy requirement of EL frames.

[0232] Figure 10A Another scheduling transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 10A As shown, the method may include:

[0233] Step 1001: The application server generates the video image for the first service, divides each video frame into multiple data packets, encodes each data packet to generate corresponding EL data packets and BL data packets, and sends the BL data packets and EL data packets to the base station through the core network equipment. Correspondingly, the base station receives the BL data packets and EL data packets for the first service from the application server.

[0234] in, Figure 10A In the method shown, the application server can adopt Figure 1b The multi-stream transmission mode shown sends the BL data packet and EL data packet of the first service to the base station. The specific process will not be described in detail.

[0235] Step 1002: The base station identifies the service type of the received BL data packet and EL data packet. If the service to which the BL data packet and EL data packet belong is identified as an XR service, then steps 1003 to 1007 are executed. Otherwise, the existing process is followed, such as directly transmitting the BL data packet and EL data packet to the terminal according to existing technology.

[0236] Specifically, the process of identifying the business type in step 1002 can be referred to in step 702, and will not be repeated here.

[0237] Step 1003: For BL data packets, the base station determines the scheduling priority of the terminal's BL data packets using the PF algorithm described above, based on the terminal's instantaneous rate, the terminal's historical transmission rate, and the offset value.

[0238] The instantaneous rate of the terminal, the historical transmission rate of the terminal, the offset value Δ, and the scheduling priority BL_PF of the terminal satisfy the following formula:

[0239]

[0240] R instant R history as well as The relevant description can be found in the PF algorithm shown in formula (1) above, and will not be repeated here.

[0241] Step 1004: For EL data packets, the base station obtains the accuracy of the second video frame of the first service.

[0242] The second video frame accuracy rate can be replaced by the EL frame accuracy rate of the first service. Specifically, the second video frame accuracy rate of the first service can be obtained by referring to Method 1 or Method 2 above, which will not be elaborated further.

[0243] Step 1005: If the accuracy of the second video frame of the first service is greater than the third threshold, then proceed to steps 1006 to 1007. Otherwise, if the accuracy of the second video frame of the first service is less than or equal to the third threshold, then terminate the transmission of the EL data packets of the first service.

[0244] The description of the third threshold is as described above and will not be repeated here.

[0245] Step 1006: The base station determines the scheduling priority of the terminal's EL data packets based on the terminal's instantaneous rate and the first parameter.

[0246] The first parameter may include the EL frame accuracy rate or the EL frame error rate of the first service. Specifically, the EL frame accuracy rate or the EL frame error rate of the first service can be determined by referring to Method 1 or Method 2 described above.

[0247] For example, the instantaneous rate of the terminal, the first parameter, and the scheduling priority of the terminal's EL data packets satisfy formula (5):

[0248] The scheduling priority of the terminal's EL data packets = M(terminal instantaneous rate, first parameter) Formula (5)

[0249] It should be understood that the embodiments of this application are not limited to the design form of function M in formula (5). Function M in formula (5) can be a binary function that satisfies the following conditions:

[0250] When the first parameter includes the EL frame accuracy of the terminal's first service, formula (5) can be transformed into the terminal's EL data packet scheduling priority = M(terminal instantaneous rate, EL frame accuracy of the first service). The function M satisfies the following correspondence: the higher the terminal's instantaneous rate, the higher the terminal's EL data packet scheduling priority; when the EL frame accuracy of the first service is less than the target video frame accuracy of the first service, there is a positive correlation between the EL frame accuracy of the first service and the terminal's EL data packet scheduling priority; when the EL frame accuracy of the first service is greater than the target video frame accuracy of the first service, there is a negative correlation between the EL frame accuracy of the first service and the terminal's EL data packet scheduling priority; or, the terminal's EL data packet scheduling priority remains unchanged.

[0251] When the first parameter includes the EL frame error rate of the terminal's first service, formula (5) can be transformed into the scheduling priority of the terminal's EL data packets = M(the terminal's instantaneous rate, the EL frame error rate of the first service). The function M satisfies the following correspondence: the higher the terminal's instantaneous rate, the higher the scheduling priority of the terminal's EL data packets; when the EL frame error rate of the first service is greater than the target video frame error rate of the first service, there is a negative correlation between the EL frame error rate of the first service and the scheduling priority of the terminal's EL data packets, such as the smaller the EL frame error rate of the first service, the higher the scheduling priority of the terminal's EL data packets; when the EL frame error rate of the first service is less than the target video frame error rate of the first service, there is a positive correlation between the EL frame error rate of the first service and the scheduling priority of the terminal's EL data packets, such as the smaller the EL frame error rate of the first service, the smaller the scheduling priority of the terminal's EL data packets, or the scheduling priority of the terminal's EL data packets remains unchanged.

[0252] It should be understood that Figure 10A In the method shown, the target video frame accuracy of the first service can refer to the target EL frame accuracy of the first service, and the target video frame error rate of the first service can refer to the target EL frame error rate of the first service.

[0253] Specifically, the function M in formula (5) is implemented as shown in formula (6) below:

[0254] M (instantaneous rate of the terminal, first parameter) = M1 (instantaneous rate of the terminal) * M3 (first parameter) Formula (6)

[0255] In formula (6), the symbol "*" indicates multiplication. The higher the values ​​of functions M1 and M3, the higher the scheduling priority of the terminal's EL data packets; conversely, the lower the value of M1*M3, the lower the scheduling priority of the terminal's EL data packets.

[0256] As described in formula (2) above, M1 can be a monotonically increasing linear function or an exponential function, for example, M1 = 2x - 0.99, where x is the input variable of function M1, such as the instantaneous rate of the terminal. The higher the instantaneous rate of the terminal, the larger the value of M1 (instantaneous rate of the terminal).

[0257] This application is not limited to the design form of function M3, and function M3 can be a function that satisfies the following conditions:

[0258] When the first parameter includes the EL frame accuracy of the terminal's first service, when the EL frame accuracy of the first service is less than the target video frame accuracy of the first service, there is a positive correlation between the EL frame accuracy of the first service and the value of function M3; when the EL frame accuracy of the first service is greater than the target video frame accuracy of the first service, there is a negative correlation between the EL frame accuracy of the first service and the value of function M3, or the value of function M3 remains unchanged.

[0259] When the first parameter includes the EL frame error rate of the terminal's first service, if the EL frame error rate of the first service is greater than the target video frame error rate of the first service, there is a negative correlation between the EL frame error rate of the first service and the value of function M3; if the EL frame error rate of the first service is less than the target video frame error rate of the first service, there is a positive correlation between the EL frame error rate of the first service and the value of function M3, or the value of function M3 remains unchanged.

[0260] In this application, when the EL frame accuracy rate of the first service is greater than the target video frame accuracy rate of the first service (or, in other words, when the EL frame error rate of the first service is less than the target video frame error rate of the first service), the scheduling priority of the terminal's EL data packets is lower than the scheduling priority of the EL data packets corresponding to the target video frame accuracy rate (or the target video frame error rate of the first service). For example, the difference between the scheduling priority of the EL data packets corresponding to the target video frame accuracy rate (or the target video frame error rate of the first service) and the scheduling priority of the terminal's EL data packets is less than a second threshold. The second threshold can be set as needed and is not limited. Thus, for terminals with a video frame accuracy rate exceeding the target video frame accuracy rate (or a video frame accuracy rate lower than the target video frame error rate), the scheduling priority of the terminal's EL data packets is slightly reduced, but not too low, to ensure the terminal's video frame accuracy requirements.

[0261] Taking the first service as XR service, and the target video frame accuracy rate of the XR service's EL frame as 50% as an example, in multi-stream transmission mode, function M3 can specifically be the following function, where x is the input variable of function M3(x), for example, x can be the EL frame accuracy rate of the XR service:

[0262]

[0263] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the implementation of the function M3(x). For example, Figure 10B The diagram illustrates the correspondence between the EL frame accuracy of the first service and the values ​​of the function M3. Figure 10B The horizontal axis represents the EL frame accuracy, and the vertical axis represents the calculation result of inputting the EL frame accuracy into the function M3. Figure 10B 50% of this represents the target video frame accuracy. For example... Figure 10B As shown by the solid or dashed lines, for terminals with a video frame accuracy of <= 50%, the value of function M3 will increase as the video frame accuracy increases, but will not exceed the value corresponding to 50%; for terminals with a video frame accuracy > 50%, the value of function M3 may decrease slightly.

[0264] It should be noted that before the base station obtains the frame accuracy of the terminal, the midpoint value of the range of function M3 (i.e., 1 / 2 of the range) can be taken as the calculation result of M3 (first video frame accuracy) in formula (6).

[0265] Step 1007: The base station transmits the EL data packets for the first service with the terminal according to the scheduling priority of the EL data packets of the terminal; and transmits the BL data packets for the first service with the terminal according to the scheduling priority of the BL data packets of the terminal.

[0266] The execution process of step 1007 can be referred to in step 502, and will not be repeated here.

[0267] based on Figure 10A The method described above, targeting the multi-stream transmission mode of XR services, first identifies BL (Broadcast Block) and EL (Elastic Elastic) data packets for XR services. Then, during scheduling priority calculation, on the one hand, the PF (Power Factor) algorithm is used to calculate the scheduling priority of BL data packets, ensuring that most terminals transmit BL data packets correctly and guaranteeing a basic user experience. On the other hand, for EL data packets, the video frame accuracy rate when the terminal transmits EL data packets is considered, terminating the transmission of EL data packets from terminals with low video frame accuracy rates to save scheduling resources. Simultaneously, for terminals with high video frame accuracy rates, a scheduling algorithm using the terminal's instantaneous rate and video frame accuracy rate as input parameters is adopted to calculate the scheduling priority of EL data packets. Terminals with EL frame accuracy rates closer to 50% are given higher scheduling priorities, while terminals with EL frame accuracy rates exceeding 50% have slightly lower scheduling priorities, further enabling more terminals to meet the 50% video frame accuracy requirement for EL frames.

[0268] The above primarily describes the solutions provided in the embodiments of this application from the perspective of interaction between various nodes. It is understood that each node, such as access network equipment or a terminal, includes corresponding hardware structures and / or software modules to perform the aforementioned functions. Those skilled in the art should readily recognize that, in conjunction with the algorithm steps of the examples described in the embodiments disclosed herein, the methods of the embodiments of this application can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in a hardware or software-driven manner depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0269] This application embodiment can divide the access network device and terminal into functional modules according to the above method example. For example, each function can be divided into a separate functional module, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module. It should be noted that the module division in this application embodiment is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.

[0270] Figure 11 A structural diagram of a communication device 110 is shown. This communication device 110 can be an access network device, a chip within the access network device, a system-on-a-chip, or other device capable of implementing the functions of the access network device in the above-described method. This communication device 110 can be used to perform the functions of the access network device involved in the above-described method embodiments. As one possible implementation, Figure 11 The communication device 110 shown includes: a processing unit 1101 and a transceiver unit 1102.

[0271] Processing unit 1101 is configured to determine the scheduling priority of the terminal based on the terminal's instantaneous rate and the service type of the terminal's first service; wherein, there is a positive correlation between the terminal's instantaneous rate and the terminal's scheduling priority; and the target video frame accuracy of the first service is greater than a first threshold. For example, processing unit 1101 can be used to support communication device 110 in executing steps 501, 703, 805, 904, and 1006.

[0272] The processing unit 1101 is also configured to control the transceiver unit 1102 to transmit the first service with the terminal according to the terminal's scheduling priority. For example, the processing unit 1101 is also configured to support the communication device 110 in executing steps 502, 704, 806, 905, and 1007.

[0273] Specifically, the above Figures 5-10A All relevant content regarding each step in the illustrated method embodiment can be referenced from the functional description of the corresponding functional module, and will not be repeated here. The communication device 110 is used to execute... Figures 5 to 10A The method shown in the diagram utilizes the functionality of the access network device in the scheduling and transmission method, thus achieving the same effect as the aforementioned scheduling and transmission method.

[0274] As another feasible approach Figure 11 The communication device 110 shown includes a processing module and a communication module. The processing module controls and manages the operation of the communication device 110. For example, the processing module can integrate the functions of the processing unit 1101 and can support the communication device 110 in executing steps 501, 703, 805, 904, and 1006. The communication module can integrate the functions of the transceiver unit 1102 for communication with other network entities, such as... Figures 2-3d Communication between functional modules or network entities shown in any of the communication systems. Furthermore, the communication device 110 may also include a storage module for storing instructions and / or data. When the instruction is executed by the processing module, it causes the processing module to implement the method described above on the access network device side.

[0275] The processing module can be a processor, controller, module, or circuit. It can implement or execute various exemplary logic blocks described in conjunction with the embodiments of this application. The communication module can be a transceiver circuit, pins, interface circuits, bus interface, or communication interface, etc. The storage module can be a memory. When the processing module is a processor, the communication module is a communication interface, and the storage module is a memory, the communication device 110 involved in the embodiments of this application can be... Figure 4 The communication device shown.

[0276] In the embodiments of this application, the processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components, capable of implementing or executing the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly manifested as being executed by a hardware processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor.

[0277] In the embodiments of this application, the memory can be non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), or it can be volatile memory, such as random-access memory (RAM). Memory is any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures, and accessible by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory in the embodiments of this application can also be a circuit or any other device capable of implementing storage functions, used to store instructions and / or data.

[0278] Figure 12 A structural diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application is shown below. Figure 12 As shown, the communication system may include: terminal 120 and access network equipment 121. It should be noted that... Figure 12 The accompanying drawings are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments described in this application. Figure 12 The communication system shown includes network elements and the number of network elements.

[0279] Among them, terminal 120 has the above-mentioned Figures 5 to 10A The terminal functions in one or more of the methods shown. Access network device 121 has the functions described above. Figures 5 to 10A The functions of the access network device in one or more methods shown.

[0280] In this application embodiment, " / " can indicate that the related objects are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B can represent A or B. "And / or" can be used to describe three relationships between related objects. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. A and B can be singular or plural. To facilitate the description of the technical solutions in this application embodiment, the terms "first" and "second" can be used to distinguish technical features with the same or similar functions. These terms do not limit the quantity or execution order, and they are not necessarily different. In this application embodiment, the words "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" should not be construed as being better or more advantageous than other embodiments or design solutions. The use of "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific manner for ease of understanding.

[0281] In the embodiments of this application, for a technical feature, the technical features in the technical feature are distinguished by "first", "second", "third", "A", "B", "C" and "D", and there is no order of priority or size among the technical features described by "first", "second", "third", "A", "B", "C" and "D".

[0282] It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, "B corresponding to A" means that B is associated with A. For example, B can be determined based on A. It should also be understood that determining B based on A does not mean that B is determined solely based on A; B can also be determined based on A and / or other information. Furthermore, the term "connection" in the embodiments of this application refers to various connection methods, such as direct connection or indirect connection, to achieve communication between devices, and the embodiments of this application do not impose any limitations on this.

[0283] Unless otherwise specified, the term "transmission" in the embodiments of this application refers to bidirectional transmission, encompassing the actions of sending and / or receiving. Specifically, "transmission" in the embodiments of this application includes sending data, receiving data, or both sending and receiving data. In other words, data transmission here includes uplink and / or downlink data transmission. Data may include channels and / or signals; uplink data transmission refers to uplink channel and / or uplink signal transmission, and downlink data transmission refers to downlink channel and / or downlink signal transmission. The terms "network" and "system" in the embodiments of this application refer to the same concept; a communication system is a communication network.

[0284] The module division in this embodiment is illustrative and represents only one logical functional division. In actual implementation, other division methods may be used. Furthermore, the functional modules in each embodiment of this application can be integrated into a single processor, exist as separate physical entities, or be integrated into a single module. The integrated modules described above can be implemented in hardware or as software functional modules.

[0285] The technical solutions provided in this application can be implemented in whole or in part through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, they can be implemented in whole or in part as a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a wireless control device, an access network device, a terminal, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media may be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., digital video discs (DVDs)), or semiconductor media, etc.

[0286] In the embodiments of this application, provided there is no logical contradiction, the embodiments may reference each other. For example, the methods and / or terms between method embodiments may reference each other, the functions and / or terms between device embodiments may reference each other, and the functions and / or terms between device embodiments and method embodiments may reference each other.

[0287] The above description is merely a specific implementation of the embodiments of this application, but the protection scope of the embodiments of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the embodiments of this application should be covered within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of the embodiments of this application should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A scheduling transmission method, characterized in that, The method includes: The scheduling priority of the terminal is determined based on the terminal's instantaneous rate and the service type of the terminal's first service; wherein, there is a positive correlation between the terminal's instantaneous rate and the terminal's scheduling priority; and the target video frame accuracy of the first service is greater than a first threshold. According to the scheduling priority of the terminal, the first service is transmitted with the terminal; Determining the scheduling priority of the terminal based on its instantaneous rate includes: The scheduling priority of the terminal is determined based on the instantaneous rate of the terminal and the first parameter. The first parameter is used to indicate the accuracy of the first video frame of the first service.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the accuracy of the first video frame of the first service is less than the accuracy of the target video frame of the first service, there is a positive correlation between the accuracy of the first video frame of the first service and the scheduling priority of the terminal.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when the accuracy of the first video frame of the first service is greater than the accuracy of the target video frame of the first service, it is characterized in that, The accuracy of the first video frame of the first service is negatively correlated with the scheduling priority of the terminal, or the scheduling priority of the terminal remains unchanged. The scheduling priority of the terminal is lower than the scheduling priority corresponding to the target video frame accuracy of the first service.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The scheduling priority of the terminal is lower than the scheduling priority corresponding to the target video frame accuracy of the first service, including: The difference between the scheduling priority value corresponding to the target video frame accuracy of the first service and the scheduling priority value corresponding to the terminal is less than the second threshold.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-2 and 4, characterized in that, Determining the scheduling priority of the terminal based on its instantaneous rate and the service type of the terminal's first service includes: If the accuracy of the second video frame of the first service is greater than the third threshold, the scheduling priority of the terminal is determined based on the instantaneous rate of the terminal and the service type of the first service of the terminal.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the accuracy of the second video frame of the first service is less than or equal to the third threshold, the transmission of the first service shall be terminated.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-2, 4, and 6, characterized in that, The transmission of the first service with the terminal includes: sending a data packet of the first service to the terminal, or receiving a data packet of the first service from the terminal; Wherein, the data packets of the first service are data packets in single-stream transmission mode; or, the data packets of the first service are enhanced layer (EL) data packets in multi-layer transmission mode.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1-2, 4, and 6, characterized in that, The first service is extended reality (XR) service.

9. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes: a processing unit and a transceiver unit; The processing unit is configured to determine the scheduling priority of the terminal based on the instantaneous rate of the terminal and the service type of the first service of the terminal; wherein, there is a positive correlation between the instantaneous rate of the terminal and the scheduling priority of the terminal; and the target video frame accuracy of the first service is greater than a first threshold. The processing unit is further configured to control the transceiver unit to transmit the first service with the terminal according to the terminal's scheduling priority; The processing unit is specifically used for: The scheduling priority of the terminal is determined based on the instantaneous rate of the terminal and the first parameter. The first parameter is used to indicate the accuracy of the first video frame of the first service.

10. The communication device according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the accuracy of the first video frame of the first service is less than the accuracy of the target video frame of the first service, there is a positive correlation between the accuracy of the first video frame of the first service and the scheduling priority of the terminal.

11. The communication apparatus according to claim 9 or 10, wherein when the accuracy of the first video frame of the first service is greater than the accuracy of the target video frame of the first service, it is characterized in that, The accuracy of the first video frame of the first service is negatively correlated with the scheduling priority of the terminal, or the scheduling priority of the terminal remains unchanged. The scheduling priority of the terminal is lower than the scheduling priority corresponding to the target video frame accuracy of the first service.

12. The communication device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The scheduling priority of the terminal is lower than the scheduling priority corresponding to the target video frame accuracy of the first service, including: The difference between the scheduling priority value corresponding to the target video frame accuracy of the first service and the scheduling priority value corresponding to the terminal is less than the second threshold.

13. The communication device according to any one of claims 9-10 and 12, characterized in that, The processing unit is specifically configured to: determine the scheduling priority of the terminal based on the instantaneous rate of the terminal and the service type of the terminal's first service when the accuracy of the second video frame of the first service is greater than a third threshold.

14. The communication device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The processing unit is further configured to: If the accuracy of the second video frame of the first service is less than or equal to the third threshold, the transmission of the first service shall be terminated.

15. The communication device according to any one of claims 9-10, 12, and 14, characterized in that, The transceiver unit is specifically used to: send data packets of the first service to the terminal, or receive data packets of the first service from the terminal; Wherein, the data packets of the first service are data packets in single-stream transmission mode; or, the data packets of the first service are enhanced layer (EL) data packets in multi-layer transmission mode.

16. The communication device according to any one of claims 9-10, 12, and 14, characterized in that, The first service is extended reality (XR) service.

17. A communication device, characterized in that, include: A processor coupled to a memory for storing programs or instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the apparatus to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

18. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes computer instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the scheduling transmission method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

19. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes computer instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the scheduling and transmission method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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